Latest / Trenches in Transplant Surgery
Regulatory T Cells in Organ Transplantation
Regulatory T cells (Tregs)—discovered by Shimon Sakaguchi, Mary Brunkow, and Fred Ramsdell, who were awarded the 2025 Nobel Prize—are central to inducing immune tolerance and preventing organ transplant rejection. These CD4⁺FoxP3⁺ cells suppress alloimmune responses through multiple mechanisms (IL-10, TGF-β secretion; CTLA-4–mediated dendritic cell modulation; IL-2 consumption; cytotoxic effects on effector T cells). Clinically, higher Treg levels correlate with better graft survival and fewer rejection episodes. Early-phase trials in kidney and liver transplantation show that adoptive Treg…
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