Shows / Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Portal to my podcast, websites, blog, and publications, providing an entryway into social and cultural life anong Greeks, Romans, Judeans, Christians, and others in ancient Mediterranean. Ethnicity, Diaspora, and relations among ethnic and minority groups is a focus.
Episodes
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Persians and peoples in their territory: Strabo on their customs and on bandit peoples (early first century CE)
Ancient author: Unstated authors including Herodotos (late fifth century BCE), Histories 1.131-132; and, stated authors Nearchos (late fourth century BCE)…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Arianians, Gedrosians, and Karmanians: Eratosthenes and Strabo on their locations and some customs (early first century CE)
Ancient authors: Eratosthenes (third century BCE) and another itinerary source used by Eratosthenes, as discussed by Strabo (early first century CE), Geography…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Ichthyophagians: Nearchos and Agatharchides on Fish-eaters around the Arabian Sea (fourth-first centuries BCE)
Ancient authors: Nearchos (late fourth century BCE), FGrHist 133, as cited by Arrian of Nikomedia (second century CE), Anabasis, or Indian Matters 8.19-43…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Germans, Britons, and Indians: Strabo on travelers, soldiers and merchants as sources of information (early first century CE)
Ancient author: Strabo, Geography 2.5.11-13 and 15.1.1-6 (link) Comments: In these two passages – one from the beginning of his work and the other from the…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Indians: Megasthenes, Aristoboulos, Onesikritos, and Strabo on Indian customs and on Brahmans (fourth century BCE-early first century CE)
authors: Megasthenes (late fourth century BCE), Indian Matters = FGrHist 715 F19b, 20b, 23b, 27b, 31-34a, 35a; Aristoboulos of Kassandreia (late fourth century…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Indians: Eratosthenes and Strabo on legendary Nysaians and Sibians (third century BCE / early first century CE)
Ancient author: Eratosthenes of Cyrene (third century BCE), Geography = FGrHist 241 F21, 69 (link to FGrHist), as discussed and cited by Strabo (early first…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Indians: Iamboulos and Diodoros on a utopian island beyond India (mid-first century BCE)
Ancient authors: Iamboulos, as cited by Diodoros of Sicily, Library of History 2.55-60 (link) and John Tzetzes (twelfth century CE), Book of Histories /…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Celts: Cicero on Gauls and the link between imperial conquest and negative stereotypes (mid-first century BCE)
Ancient author: Marcus Tullius Cicero, On the Consular Provinces 31-35 (link). Comments: Although the concern to make sense of other peoples was widespread in…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Egyptians: Ammonios’ papyrus letter on “inhuman Egyptians” (third century CE)
Ancient author: Ammonios (third century CE), Oxyrhynchos Papyri / POxy XIV 1681 (link; link to papyri.info). Comments: This letter by Ammonios (likely writing…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Guide to Cicero
This post provides a guide for reading through ethnographically significant passages in Cicero’s (mid-first century BCE) treatises, letters, and speeches…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Guide to Hekataios of Miletos
This is a guide for reading through significant ethnographic passages in the remaining fragments of Hekataios of Miletos’ works (FGrHist 1; sixth-fifth…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Syrians, Persians, Indians, Libyans, and others: Hekataios of Miletos on peoples of Asia (sixth century BCE)
Ancient authors: Hekataios of Miletos (sixth-fifth centuries BCE), Asia = FGrHist 1 F198-299, F325-357 (link to FGrHist), with some omissions, as cited by…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Scythians and Thracians: Hekataios of Miletos on European peoples (sixth century BCE)
Ancient authors: Hekataios of Miletos (sixth-fifth centuries BCE), Europe, = FGrHist 1 F170-193 (link to FGrHist), with some omissions, as cited by Stephanos…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Pelasgians, Lelegians, and others: Hekataios of Miletos and Strabo on barbarians of Greece (sixth century BCE on)
Ancient authors: Hesiod (eighth century BCE), Hekataios of Miletos (early fifth century BCE), FGrHist 1 F119 (link to FGrHist), and Aristotle (fourth century…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Phoenicians: Dion and Menander on competition between Tyrian and Israelite kings (before the late first century CE)
Ancient authors: Dios, Inquiries Concerning the Phoenicians = FGrHist 785 F1; Menandros of Ephesos, FGrHist 783 F1 (link to FGrHist), as cited by Josephos…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Parthians: Dio Cassius on their empire and military customs (early third century CE)
Ancient author: Dio Cassius, Roman History 40.14-15 (link). Comments: In the midst of discussing the earliest tensions between Romans and Parthians, Dio…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Parthians and Arabians: Isidoros of Charax and the imperial purposes of geographic and ethnographic information (late first century BCE)
Ancient authors: Isidoros of Charax Spasinou, Description of Parthia = FGrHist 781 T1 and F2 (link to FGrHist), as discussed by Pliny the Elder, Natural…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Phoenician perspectives: Philo of Byblos on “Phoenician Matters” (early second century CE)
Ancient authors: Philo of Byblos (and Sanchuniathon), Phoenician Matters = FGrHist 790 (link to FGrHist), as cited by Eusebius, Preparation for the Gospel…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Lycians: Menekrates of Xanthos and Polycharmos on Lycian origins and the practice of fish-divination (late fifth century BCE on)
Ancient authors: Panyassis of Halikarnassos and Hekataios of Miletos, FGrHist 1 F10, as cited by Stephanos of Byzantion, Ethnika, at Tremile; Herodotos of…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Carthaginians: Plato, Aristotle, Polybios and others on their character and communal organization (fourth century BCE on)
Ancient authors: Plato (fourth century BCE), Laws 637, 674a-b (link); Aristotle (fourth century BCE), Politics 1272b, 1324b (link); Polybios (mid-second…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Scythians, Thracians, Celts, and Persians: Plato on heavy-drinking and war-like peoples (early fourth century BCE)
Ancient author: Plato, Laws 1.637 (link). Comments: In this portion of his Laws, Plato has his dialogue characters deal with the question of what the ideal…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Lelegians: Plutarch on Greek Trallians’ treatment of indigenous peoples (early second century CE)
Ancient authors: Plutarch, Greek Questions 46 (link). Comments: In this passage of his series of questions and potential answers about Greeks, Plutarch refers…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Lelegians and Carians: Philippos of Theangela on civilized Carians and savage Lelegians (third century BCE)
Ancient authors: Philippos of Theangela, Carians Matters = FGrHist 741 F1-3 (link to FGrHist), as cited by Strabo (early first century CE), Geography 14.2.28…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Pelasgians: Strabo on a legendary migrating people (early first century CE)
Ancient author: Strabo, Geography 13.3 and 5.2.4 (link) Comments: Continuing with his discussion of now gone peoples in western Asia Minor (just after…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Judeans: Dio Cassius on customs and Roman elite attitudes (early third century CE)
Ancient author: Dio Cassius, Roman History, various passages (link). Comments: Although a Greek-speaking person from Nikaia in Bithynia, Lucius Cassius Dio, or…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Indians: Skylax of Karyanda, a Persian imperial ethnographic expedition, and paradoxical peoples (late sixth century BCE)
Ancient authors: Skylax of Karyanda in Caria (late sixth century BCE), FGrHist 709 F1, 5, 7a-b (link to FGrHist), as cited by Herodotos (late fifth century…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Lydian diasporas: Herodotos, Timaios of Tauromenion, and others on legends of migration to Tyrrhenia (late fourth century BCE on)
Ancient author: Herodotos of Halikarnassos (late fifth century BCE), Histories, or Inquiries 1.94 (link); Timaios of Tauromenion on Sicily (early third century…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Babylonian wisdom: Iamblichos on Mesopotamian legends and his training in Magian skills (mid-second century CE)
Ancient authors: Iamblichos, Babylonian Story, as summarized by Photios (eighth century CE), Bibliotheke, or Collection of Books, codex 94 (link; link to Greek…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Armenians: Kyrsilos and Strabo on a Thessalian origin story, on worship of Anahita and on supposed sacred prostitution (early first century CE)
Ancient author: Kyrsilos of Pharsalos (late fourth century BCE), FGrHist 130 F1, and Medeios of Larissa (late fourth century BCE), FGrHist 129 F1 (link to…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Medes: Nearchos and Strabo on neighbouring bandit-peoples and on Median customs (early first century CE)
Ancient authors: Nearchos and Apollodoros of Artemita, as discussed by Strabo, Geography 11.13 (link). Comments: In this section Strabo surveys territories…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Arabians: Strabo and others on Aelius Gallus’ expeditions and the imperial purposes of ethnographic knowledge (early first century CE)
Ancient authors: Strabo, Geography 2.5.12 and 16.4.22-24 (link); Pliny the Elder, Natural History 6.160-161 (link); Dio Cassius, Roman History 53.29.8 (link)…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Ethiopians: Diodoros on their claims, appearance, and customs (mid-first century BCE)
Ancient authors: Herodotos, Ktesias, Agatharchides, and others in Diodoros of Sicily, Library of History 2.15 (link) and 3.2-11 (link). Comments: As with his…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Ethiopians: Aristokreon on a people ruled by a dog (mid-third century BCE)
Ancient authors: Aristokreon (mid-third century BCE), FGrHist 667 F2, 3, 4a, 4b (link to FGrHist), as discussed by Pliny the Elder (mid-first century CE)…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Ethiopians: Dalion on paradoxical peoples (mid-third century BCE)
Ancient authors: Dalion (mid-third century BCE), Ethiopian Matters = FGrHist 666 F2-4 (link to FGrHist), as discussed by Pliny the Elder, Natural History…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Carians, Galatians, Halizonians, and others: Ephoros and Apollodoros of Athens on Anatolian peoples (mid-fourth century BCE on)
Ancient authors: Ephoros of Kyme (mid-fourth century), Histories = FGrHist 70 F162, and Apollodoros of Athens (second century BCE), FGrHist 244 F170, 171, 207…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Trojans, Lelegians, and Kilikians: Homer and Strabo on legendary peoples and migrations of historical peoples in Anatolia (early first century CE)
Ancient authors: Homer (ninth century BCE), Ephoros of Kyme (mid-third century BCE), Apollodoros of Athens (second century BCE), On the Catalogue of Ships =…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Lycians, Pamphylians, and Cilicians: Strabo contrasts civilized and uncivilized peoples in southern Anatolia (early first century CE)
Ancient author: Artemidoros of Tarsos (first century BCE) and Strabo (early first century CE), Geography 14.3-14.5 (link). Comments: Strabo continues his…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Romans: Livy, Pliny, Plutarch, and Dio on Roman human sacrifice of Gauls and Greeks (late first century BCE on)
Ancient authors: Livy (late first century BCE), Roman History 22.57.6 (link); Pliny the Elder (mid-first century CE), Natural History 28.10-13 and 30.12-13…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Egyptian perspectives: Chairemon on Egyptian temple functionaries and the astral significance of gods (first century CE)
Ancient author: Chairemon of Alexandria, FGrHist 618 F6 and F4, as cited by Porphyry, On Abstinence from Killing Animals 4.6-8 and as discussed in Porphyry…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Romans: Dionysios on Roman origins, Italic peoples, and legends of Greek and Pelasgian migrations to Italy (late first century BCE)
Ancient author: Dionysios of Halikarnassos (late first century BCE), Roman Antiquities 1.2-44, 89-90; 2.49; 3.32; 5.37; 7.70-73 (link) Comments: We know very…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Italic peoples: Cato, Livy, and Florus on Sabines, Samnites, and others (early second century BCE on)
Ancient authors: Zenodotos of Troizen, FGrHist 19 (though this citation was missed there and in BNJ), as discussed in Cato, Origins 2.21-22 (link), as cited by…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Italic peoples: Strabo on Latins, Sabines, Samnites, Umbrians, Lucanians, and others (early first century CE)
Ancient authors: Strabo (early first century CE), Geography 5.1.1-6.3.11 (link). Comments: Strabo’s first century discussion of the peoples that…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Romans: Strabo on Roman superiority and conquest of peoples (early first century CE)
Ancient author: Strabo, Geography 6.4.1-2 (link). Comments: In this section that immediately follows Strabo’s discussion of Italic peoples (link), Strabo…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Italic peoples: Antiochos of Syracuse on migrations of peoples to and within Italy (late fifth century BCE)
Ancient authors: Antiochos of Syracuse (late fifth century BCE), Sicilian History = FGrHist 555 F1-6, 9, 12-13 (link to FGrHist), as cited by Pausanias…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Tyrrhenians: Strabo on Etruscans as a powerful “bandit” people (early first century CE)
Ancient author: Strabo, Geography 5.1.10; 5.2.2; 5.4.3 (link). Comments: In the midst of his survey of the Italic peoples (link coming soon), Strabo frequently…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Kimmerian diasporas: Ephoros on legends about Avernus in Italy (mid-fourth century BCE)
Ancient authors: Ephoros of Kyme (mid-third century BCE), FGrHist 70 F134a (link to FGrHist), as discussed by Strabo (early first century CE), Geography…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Assyrians, Medes, Persians, Macedonians, and Parthians: Polyhistor, Bion and Agathias on a succession of empires (mid-first century BCE on)
Ancient authors: Alexander Polyhistor (mid-first century BCE), FGrHist 273 F81a, and Bion (before the early third century CE), FGrHist 89 F1a, as discussed by…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Guide to Plutarch of Chaironeia
This is a guide to ethnographic passages from the works of Plutarch of Chaironeia (early second century CE) and works attributed to him (Pseudo-Plutarch*) on…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Scythian wisdom: Plutarch on Anacharsis at the dinner of the seven sages (early second century CE)
Ancient author: Plutarch, Dinner of the Seven Sages 1-3, 5-6, 8-10, 12, 21 (link). Comments: Writing around 250 BCE, Ephoros was among the earlier Greeks (if…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Persians, Celts, Thracians, and others: Polyainos on “tricky” barbarians (mid-second century CE)
Ancient authors: Herodotos and other sources as compiled by Polyainos, Strategies in War, parts of book 7 (on “barbarians”) (link; link to Greek)…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Persians, Tyrrhenians and Lycians: Plutarch on brave women and effeminate men (early second century CE)
Ancient author: Plutarch (early second century CE), Virtues of Women, aka Bravery of Women, excerpts involving non-Greek peoples (link). Comments: In…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Babylonian / Persian wisdom: Philodemos, Seneca, and others on Chaldeans / Magians at Plato’s death (first century BCE on)
Ancient authors: Philodemos of Gadara (first century BCE) pictured citing Neanthes of Kyzikos (?) (ca. 300 BCE), who is citing Philip of Opous, FGrHist 1011 F1…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Libyans, Iberians, and Celts: Cicero on controlling “savage” peoples (mid-first century BCE)
Ancient author: Marcus Tullius Cicero (mid-first century BCE), Letters to his Brother Quintus 1.27-29 (link). Comments: This is a passage from a letter by…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Lycians, Lydians, and Egyptians: Pseudo-Plutarch on the effeminacy of grief (third-fourth centuries CE)
Ancient author: Pseudo-Plutarch, Letter of Consolation to Apollonios 22 (link). Comments: The author of this letter (attributed to Plutarch) ostensibly aimed…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Barbarians: Plutarch on the bad influence of barbarian slaves on Greek children (early second century CE)
Ancient author: Plutarch (early second century CE), The Education of Children 6-7, 20 (link). Comments: In this treatise, Plutarch aims to give Greeks advice…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Egyptian and Persian wisdom: Plutarch on the “barbarian-lover” Herodotos (early second century CE)
Ancient authors: Plutarch (early second century CE), On the Malice of Herodotos 1, 12-18 (link; link to Greek). Comments: Among the reasons for…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Egyptian wisdom: Plutarch on wise Egyptian priests and on Isis and Osiris (early second century CE)
Ancient authors: Various authors as discussed by Plutarch (early second century CE), Isis and Osiris, entire work (link). Comments: Plutarch of…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Egyptians: Lykeas of Naukratis on Egyptian kings and meals (first century CE or earlier)
Ancient authors: Lykeas of Naukratis (first century CE or earlier), Egyptian Matters = FGrHist 613 F2, 4, as cited by Athenaios (early third century CE)…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Libyan perspectives: Juba of Numidia on ethnographic matters (late first century BCE)
Ancient authors: King Juba II of Numidia and Mauretania in Libya (active ca. 30 BCE-23 CE), FGrHist 275 F5-6, 9, 15-16, 28-37 (in another post – link), 81…
- Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland
Karmanians, Ichthyophagians, and others: Nearchos, Onesikritos, Juba, and Pliny on the area around the Persian Gulf and Red Sea (fourth century BCE-first century CE)
Ancient authors: Nearchos (late fourth century BCE), FGrHist 133; Onesikritos (late fourth century BCE), FGrHist 134; and Juba II (late first century BCE)…