Latest / Made of Stars / Biggest Ever Cargo Ship Arrives at ISS

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Biggest Ever Cargo Ship Arrives at ISS · Made of Stars

0:00
Speaker 1: Warning.
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Speaker 2: The following podcast contains an entertaining look at astronomy, physics,
0:04
Speaker 2: and space news throughout the known universe. Listeners have been
0:07
Speaker 2: known to learn about astronomical phenomenon the scientific method, and
0:10
Speaker 2: expanded vocabulary to include terms like quasar asterism and uranus. Listen,
0:15
Speaker 2: that's your own risk.
0:16
Speaker 1: Go ahead. When made of stars, made them stars.
0:26
Speaker 3: Mad sizes, When maida stars.
0:33
Speaker 1: You could be from high they would New Mexicomus where
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Speaker 1: all stars?
0:43
Speaker 4: When we are made of stars.
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Speaker 3: I'm Wes Carol, joined by my good friend doctor Sean,
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Speaker 3: cruising from Columbus State Universities, Coca Cola Space Science Center.
1:03
Speaker 1: Hey Sean, Hey Wes, good to be here.
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Speaker 3: All right, let's jump straight into it signas cargo ship
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Speaker 3: has reached the International Space Station. It was a birthing, right,
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Speaker 3: not a dock berthing.
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Speaker 1: A birthing. A birthing means when you grab it with
1:17
Speaker 1: a robot arm and attach it kind of like a lego,
1:22
Speaker 1: rather than the ship actually guiding itself into location. The
1:26
Speaker 1: robot arm is used. So anyway, the North Grumman's signess
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Speaker 1: XL cargo ship. Now it's the EXL that we should
1:33
Speaker 1: focus on for the story. Because that stands for extra law.
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Speaker 4: Okay, good. I was worried. I thought, oh no, what
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Speaker 4: could this mean.
1:41
Speaker 1: No, it means exactly what you think it means. It's
1:45
Speaker 1: a bigger than normal cargo ship. Right, So it's a
1:48
Speaker 1: version of the signas cargo ship, which is supplied the
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Speaker 1: International Space Station many on many occasions, except this one's
1:54
Speaker 1: just bigger, capable of haulingmore freight, and it was able
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Speaker 1: to dock, and of course it's Hollymoor Freight. It's the
2:01
Speaker 1: biggest ever cargo spacecraft to arrive at the International Space Station.
2:06
Speaker 1: It was carrying about eleven thousand pounds of cargo, and
2:10
Speaker 1: it had a little bit of a false start. So
2:13
Speaker 1: it launched last Sunday as we're recording the show. By
2:16
Speaker 1: the way, friends, it was just attached to the space
2:19
Speaker 1: station today, right, so we're recording on the day we're
2:22
Speaker 1: made the final docking. It was launched last Sunday as
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Speaker 1: we were recording the show, September fourteenth, So it left
2:28
Speaker 1: the Cape Carna Space four station in Florida from Launch
2:33
Speaker 1: Complex number forty aboard a SpaceX Dragon. I'm sorry, SpaceX
2:37
Speaker 1: Falcon nine, forget, I said Dragon. A SpaceX Falcon nine
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Speaker 1: launch vehicle, and of course Dragon's the capsule, it's the
2:44
Speaker 1: signas that was the capsule this time anyway, So it
2:47
Speaker 1: was packed with more than five tons of spare parts
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Speaker 1: and research materials and crew supplies and all kinds of
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Speaker 1: holiday treats for the space station crew because they're going
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Speaker 1: to be up there now for the next several months
3:00
Speaker 1: and they're going to be celebrating Christmas and well thanksgiving.
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Speaker 1: All those fun things. All the supplies for that has
3:05
Speaker 1: now arrived to the space station, which is it's kind
3:07
Speaker 1: of cool. But as it came closer to the space station,
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Speaker 1: it was actually having a little bit of a computer fault,
3:14
Speaker 1: and they called it a main engine fault detection software.
3:18
Speaker 1: They had to adjust the sensitivity on that software because
3:21
Speaker 1: it was prematurely shutting down the thrusters that were allowing
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Speaker 1: the vehicle to rendezvous with the International Space Station, and
3:30
Speaker 1: that's never a good thing. And again, it wasn't flying
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Speaker 1: itself all the way into the docking port. It was
3:35
Speaker 1: actually going to be grappled by a robot arm, which
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Speaker 1: is what they did today. And it was actually Johnny Kim,
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Speaker 1: who is the mission specialist up there aboard the International
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Speaker 1: Space Station and Johnny he had a message for the
3:47
Speaker 1: folks down at NASA. He said, a big congratulations to
3:50
Speaker 1: NASA and signas teams for a successful signals launch and
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Speaker 1: rendezvous in capture. Adapting and overcoming unforeseen challenges is something
4:00
Speaker 1: we do it NASA, and I'm very proud to be
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Speaker 1: part of this team. So obviously they were able to
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Speaker 1: overcome the main engine fault detection software sensitivity, they got
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Speaker 1: the adjustments made, it worked well enough to get it
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Speaker 1: close enough to the space station that Johnny Kim was
4:14
Speaker 1: able to grab it with a robot arm and put
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Speaker 1: it in place now. Dina Contella is a deputy manager
4:20
Speaker 1: of the Space Station program at Johnson's Space Center, and
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Speaker 1: she had this to say about the flight. The Sickness
4:25
Speaker 1: is packed with consumables like nitrogen, oxygen, food, and toilet parts,
4:31
Speaker 1: and it has a large number of spare parts that
4:34
Speaker 1: are required for systems like, for example, our urine processor.
4:40
Speaker 1: So just knowing that your food and oxygen is right
4:43
Speaker 1: next to the toilet parts and the urine processor components
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Speaker 1: maybe comforting for astronauts and board the space station because
4:49
Speaker 1: you need all those things really up there, right, got
4:51
Speaker 1: to have.
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Speaker 3: Them all well, And I don't think the urine processor
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Speaker 3: like was you know, full like. I think they probably
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Speaker 3: set it up brand new, right, I mean, it's not
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Speaker 3: like the food was all next to a urine processor
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Speaker 3: that was soaked with waste.
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Speaker 1: I would pull it out of the nearby convenience store
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Speaker 1: stuck at them. No, they didn't do that, of course,
5:12
Speaker 1: it's all clean parts. It's just, you know, sometimes we
5:15
Speaker 1: get a little squeamish in our very comfortable daily lives
5:17
Speaker 1: here on planet Earth. Yeah, and we forget that these
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Speaker 1: things are all well, you know, utilitarian and important up
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Speaker 1: there on the International Space Station and they might pack
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Speaker 1: your Christmas turkey whatever supplies those are right next to
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Speaker 1: the toilet parts in the urine processor components. And it's
5:34
Speaker 1: okay because you're an astronaut and you're more mature and
5:37
Speaker 1: can think through all that stuff.
5:38
Speaker 3: That's right, That's why, you know, I mean, I you know,
5:41
Speaker 3: if they wanted you and me to go up at
5:44
Speaker 3: some point, we would happily go up and do a
5:46
Speaker 3: show from up there. But I don't know that I
5:48
Speaker 3: would be mature enough to not giggle at some of
5:51
Speaker 3: these things. All right, So this is the biggest ever
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Speaker 3: a cargo that has arrived International Space Station. So this
6:00
Speaker 3: is a cargo larger than anything that the Space Shuttle
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Speaker 3: would have delivered, Like, this is significantly bigger than that,
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Speaker 3: or just a little.
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Speaker 4: Bigger I think.
6:08
Speaker 1: I think no, first of all. Okay, so it's not
6:11
Speaker 1: bigger than the Space Shuttle, but it's it's the biggest
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Speaker 1: ever cargo spacecraft. So ok So, you know, you know
6:18
Speaker 1: how these distinctions go. We talk about these in sports
6:21
Speaker 1: a lot. It's like, well, it's a left handed pitcher,
6:23
Speaker 1: you know. It's like, Okay, had a different record. So
6:27
Speaker 1: the Space Shuttle was both a cargo and passenger vehicle
6:32
Speaker 1: right simultaneously, and its cargo capacity was greater than this.
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Speaker 1: But this is the biggest ever strictly cargo vehicle yep. Okay, right,
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Speaker 1: So so something that doesn't have humans on board to
6:45
Speaker 1: go up there, right, So it's a robot ship. Think
6:47
Speaker 1: about it that way. It's a robot ship for cargo.
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Speaker 1: This is the biggest ever of those to arrive at
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Speaker 1: the International Space Station. Okay.
6:54
Speaker 3: And I know I was throwing your curve ball there,
6:56
Speaker 3: but no, that was That's kind of what I was
6:57
Speaker 3: wondering as far as the size of the cargo that
7:00
Speaker 3: the space station was capable of. So this is the
7:03
Speaker 3: XL cargo ship. It replaced the old extra medium. Is
7:06
Speaker 3: that what it did?
7:07
Speaker 1: Because meeting large, you know, it was the sickness L.
7:11
Speaker 1: I don't know, was it that? It was the sickness S,
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Speaker 1: the sickness M, the sickness L, and now the sickness XL.
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Speaker 1: We can't wait for the signas to XL, I.
7:21
Speaker 3: Know, and then eventually, you know, you get to the
7:23
Speaker 3: four and five xls, and then you won't even be
7:25
Speaker 3: able to find the xcels anymore because I'll just have
7:28
Speaker 3: those I just my favorite, one of my favorite jokes ever,
7:31
Speaker 3: is to refer to something as extra medium because you
7:33
Speaker 3: don't even know which direction that's going. Does that mean
7:35
Speaker 3: it's bigger than medium or is it smaller than medium?
7:38
Speaker 3: Extra small is smaller than small. It's not bigger than small.
7:43
Speaker 3: I don't know the things I do that make me
7:44
Speaker 3: laugh and make my wife roll her eyes. I read
7:47
Speaker 3: something recently that said the goal of every man is
7:50
Speaker 3: to make a beautiful woman roll her eyes at you
7:53
Speaker 3: for the rest of your life. And I'm like, yes, mission.
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Speaker 1: Accomplished. I've been there for a few of those againstes.
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Speaker 1: I've seen that in action.
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Speaker 3: You have, and I would imagine you make your wife
8:05
Speaker 3: roll her eyes quite a bit as well. So mission
8:07
Speaker 3: accomplished on both of us this very day. This very day,
8:10
Speaker 3: I'm pretty achieve success.
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Speaker 1: In that area.
8:13
Speaker 3: Pretty sure I did that this morning. So it's a
8:17
Speaker 3: great that's a it's a win obviously for them and
8:20
Speaker 3: in the next phase. And we talk about this all
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Speaker 3: the time. Anytime there's another company that gets involved in
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Speaker 3: all of this, it's only good. It's good for competition,
8:27
Speaker 3: it's good for backups, it's good for so many things.
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Speaker 3: So that's a good that's a big win for them.
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Speaker 3: So good stuff there. Let's talk about the Sun. We
8:36
Speaker 3: talked about this last week. We were talking about the
8:40
Speaker 3: fact that there was this change in the uh in
8:44
Speaker 3: the surface of the Sun, and one of those things
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Speaker 3: that we don't often talk about. And we address some
8:49
Speaker 3: of that. How obviously a change in the Sun's atmosphere
8:54
Speaker 3: and it starts pointing and sending things in our direction.
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Speaker 3: We got another story about solar activity, but this is
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Speaker 3: kind of more of a long term thing more so
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Speaker 3: than just something that's going on currently.
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Speaker 1: Yeah, it is, there's been a long term study of
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Speaker 1: solar activity trends, and the research team working on that
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Speaker 1: published those findings in the Astrophysical Journal Letters on September
9:16
Speaker 1: the eighth, And if you want to read more about this,
9:18
Speaker 1: spaceweather dot com is the place to go. By the way,
9:21
Speaker 1: doctor Tony Phillips and the crew at space Weather had
9:23
Speaker 1: this story today. So Tony Phillips and the Space Weather
9:27
Speaker 1: crew themselves have been looking at long term trends in
9:31
Speaker 1: the solar activity cycle and it came up basically with
9:33
Speaker 1: the same conclusion. And so this new study is actually
9:39
Speaker 1: supported by the work that doctor Tony Phillips and the
9:41
Speaker 1: crew at space Weather have been doing. Okay, so it's
9:43
Speaker 1: a new NASA study. It concludes that solar activity has
9:47
Speaker 1: reversed its decades long weakening trend. So what we were
9:50
Speaker 1: seeing is solar maximum cycles that were continually weaker than
9:56
Speaker 1: the last one. So there was a number of years,
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Speaker 1: a few decades where how intense the number of solar
10:04
Speaker 1: storms and the power of those storms, the generated explosions
10:09
Speaker 1: on the sun, solar flares and things, all of that
10:11
Speaker 1: was decreasing in intensity over a few solar cycles. And
10:16
Speaker 1: you have to remember that each solar cycle is about
10:18
Speaker 1: eleven years long, right, so we'd seen this kind of
10:21
Speaker 1: decreasing trend. Well, the solar cycle we're in now seems
10:25
Speaker 1: to be a bit more intense than the last couple,
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Speaker 1: that solar cycle number twenty five. But the new findings
10:32
Speaker 1: are indicating that the future solar cycles twenty six and
10:37
Speaker 1: twenty seven and going into the future, So in other words,
10:40
Speaker 1: the next twenty thirty years are going to be more
10:43
Speaker 1: intense each time. Now what does that mean, Well, that
10:45
Speaker 1: means more interaction between the Sun and the Earth in
10:50
Speaker 1: terms of the Sun shooting off all this deadly radiation
10:53
Speaker 1: of the Earth and things like our satellites interacting with
10:57
Speaker 1: that radiation, things like solar activity that we see manifesting
11:03
Speaker 1: here on Earth as aurora phenomenon and things like that.
11:06
Speaker 1: But it also has a direct effect on the electronics
11:09
Speaker 1: and just the orbital characteristics of satellites around the Earth.
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Speaker 1: So first of all, it comes in as basically like
11:15
Speaker 1: a giant wave of electricity that's a bunch of charged
11:18
Speaker 1: particles from the Sun that can actually burn out electronic
11:21
Speaker 1: components on satellites, making them putting them in danger of
11:25
Speaker 1: correct operation. But it also makes the atmosphere swell. So
11:30
Speaker 1: that's the atmosphere of the Earth. And remember we think
11:33
Speaker 1: about these objects being in space and they're outside the
11:35
Speaker 1: Earth's atmosphere. Well, the Earth's atmosphere doesn't have a boundary
11:39
Speaker 1: line that says I stop here. It's kind of a gradient, right,
11:42
Speaker 1: so it just dies off, which means those satellites out
11:45
Speaker 1: there in orbit around the Earth, they're still in a
11:47
Speaker 1: little bit of the Earth's atmosphere, it's just very little.
11:51
Speaker 1: So what happens though, is when solar activity happens, you know,
11:55
Speaker 1: giant storms on the Sun, and those materials streak in
11:57
Speaker 1: from the Sun and interact with Earth's atmosphere, it can
12:00
Speaker 1: cause the Earth's atmosphere to swell, which means suddenly those
12:03
Speaker 1: satellites in orbit are going through more air than they
12:06
Speaker 1: were before, and it causes more drag on those satellites
12:10
Speaker 1: and it can cause their orbits to decay. And one
12:13
Speaker 1: of those satellite groups, which happens to be orbiting very
12:15
Speaker 1: low already, in other words, they already have a fair
12:18
Speaker 1: amount of drag, are the Starlink satellites from SpaceX. So
12:22
Speaker 1: spaceweather dot com has a little cute phrase that they
12:25
Speaker 1: put on there on their report in this whole story,
12:28
Speaker 1: which says, quote, stay tuned for more sunspots and fewer starlinks.
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Speaker 1: So the whole idea is that, Yeah, as the atmosphere swells,
12:36
Speaker 1: it's going to cause more of those starlinks to fall
12:38
Speaker 1: out of orbit, and SpaceX will have to be replacing those.
12:40
Speaker 1: So as we look to these long term trends, expect
12:44
Speaker 1: more interference from the Sun's activity with our satellites in
12:48
Speaker 1: orbit and also with our electronics here on the surface
12:50
Speaker 1: of the Earth.
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Speaker 3: Potentially coming up after a quick break, we'll talk about
12:55
Speaker 3: liquid water and kind of a cool place. We'll talk
12:59
Speaker 3: about that next. I tease this as liquid water and
13:20
Speaker 3: kind of a cool place, but I guess they've been
13:21
Speaker 3: a really cold place as you think about asteroids moving
13:25
Speaker 3: through space, and I got questions, I got follow up
13:29
Speaker 3: questions on this story, so let's just jump right into it.
13:32
Speaker 3: So with scientists finding evidence of flowing water on ry
13:35
Speaker 3: Yugu's ancient parent asteroid, and this could be an indicator
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Speaker 3: of where our water may.
13:42
Speaker 4: Have come from a long time ago.
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Speaker 1: Yeah, it's a really interesting story in that regards. So
13:48
Speaker 1: first of all, just a hat tip to the Japanese
13:50
Speaker 1: scientists who have a spacecraft that visit an asteroid. The
13:55
Speaker 1: spacecraft was called Hayabusa two, and this spacecraft was able
14:01
Speaker 1: to do what's called a sample and return mission, and
14:04
Speaker 1: so it took samples in twenty eighteen, in twenty nineteen
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Speaker 1: off the surface of an asteroid called Ryugu, and then
14:13
Speaker 1: it brought those back to Earth on December fifth in
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Speaker 1: twenty twenty. And the Japanese scientists have been studying those
14:18
Speaker 1: samples since that time, and they found some very interesting
14:22
Speaker 1: things about the soils from the surface of this asteroid. Now,
14:26
Speaker 1: before we go further, let's get into some astronomy one
14:29
Speaker 1: oh one, because we like to do that, right. What
14:33
Speaker 1: is the idea about the way that the planets formed
14:35
Speaker 1: in the first place. Well, the formation of the Solar
14:38
Speaker 1: System is thought to have occurred through a process that
14:41
Speaker 1: we call the solar nebula, which was as the Sun
14:45
Speaker 1: was forming, a bunch of materials swarming around in orbit
14:49
Speaker 1: around that primordial Sun in a disc. Those materials started
14:55
Speaker 1: to accrete, is what we were to use the word
14:59
Speaker 1: in astronomy, started to stick together, right, and so pretty
15:02
Speaker 1: soon you had a bunch of little planet tesimals. Little
15:05
Speaker 1: they're not big enough to be a planet or even
15:08
Speaker 1: a protoplanet. They're just little chunks of ice and rock
15:11
Speaker 1: floating around. And then those planet tesils, planet testimals begin
15:15
Speaker 1: to collide and stick together, and it's kind of like
15:18
Speaker 1: you're sticking one snowball together with another snowball to make
15:21
Speaker 1: the base of a big snowman. Right. And so as
15:25
Speaker 1: the as these materials collected in the outer Solar System,
15:29
Speaker 1: suddenly you had this era of what we call the
15:31
Speaker 1: proto planets. And there were many of those, and they
15:34
Speaker 1: were big. They were you know, kind of think about
15:37
Speaker 1: the size of the moons around Jupiter, the larger moons
15:39
Speaker 1: around Jupiter, so maybe bigger than our moon slightly. But
15:44
Speaker 1: those proto planets then would collide with one another and
15:48
Speaker 1: they would shatter, and so many of the asteroids that
15:52
Speaker 1: are now in our asteroid belt are remnants of shattered
15:56
Speaker 1: proto planets or shattered large asteroids in this violent collisional
16:01
Speaker 1: period within the early Solar System. Okay, so there's the
16:05
Speaker 1: setup for the story. Now, Japan sends this vehicle, Hyabusatu,
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Speaker 1: out to investigate a near Earth object called Ryugu. That's
16:14
Speaker 1: important to say this. It's not just any old asteroid,
16:16
Speaker 1: it's one that happens to be a potential Earth impact
16:20
Speaker 1: or someday. Right, it's in our near environment around or
16:24
Speaker 1: orbit around the Sun. So they went out to investigate
16:27
Speaker 1: the nature of this thing with a spacecraft. They brought
16:30
Speaker 1: the samples back to Earth and lo and behold. The
16:32
Speaker 1: samples of these materials show that the parent object of
16:37
Speaker 1: Ryugu must have formed around the four point six billion
16:42
Speaker 1: year ago mark. That's around the same time that we
16:46
Speaker 1: think that all the planets were forming, right, So that
16:50
Speaker 1: means that Ryugu had a parent object that was also
16:53
Speaker 1: an asteroid or something. But then with chemical analysis of
16:57
Speaker 1: these samples, whatever the parent object was that was four
17:01
Speaker 1: point six billion years old, it had flowing liquid water
17:05
Speaker 1: on its surface. How do they know that? Because they
17:08
Speaker 1: can figure out the hydration compounds in the soil materials
17:13
Speaker 1: and say, wow, this is strong evidence of a liquid
17:17
Speaker 1: water environment that had to be present to form these
17:20
Speaker 1: kinds of compounds. How do we know that because we
17:23
Speaker 1: compare it to samples here on the Earth where we
17:26
Speaker 1: know such conditions existed, right, And so it's a very
17:29
Speaker 1: interesting set of conclusions. Seyoshi Izuka is one of the
17:35
Speaker 1: scientists from the University of Tokyo and Seyoshi had a
17:39
Speaker 1: statement said this, we found that Rayugu preserved a pristine
17:43
Speaker 1: record of water activity, evidence that fluids moved through its
17:48
Speaker 1: rocks far later than we expected. This changes how we
17:53
Speaker 1: think about the long term fate of water asteroids. The
17:57
Speaker 1: water hung around for a long time and was not
18:01
Speaker 1: exhausted so quickly as we thought, so says Suyoshi Izuka,
18:08
Speaker 1: scientists with the University of Tokyo who studied the Hayabusatu samples.
18:11
Speaker 1: So not only was this water from the parent asteroid
18:15
Speaker 1: of Rayugu, in other words, it's old, it also was
18:19
Speaker 1: present on the surface of that asteroid for a long time,
18:23
Speaker 1: and is in fact even still present in some forms
18:26
Speaker 1: within the samples returned from Rayugu back in twenty twenty.
18:30
Speaker 1: So this is an interesting data point that now scientists
18:34
Speaker 1: who study how we believe the formation of the Solar
18:37
Speaker 1: System occurred and how we got all the kinds of
18:40
Speaker 1: compounds and samples that we have from our Earth, from
18:43
Speaker 1: the Moon, from other places that we've sampled, they have
18:45
Speaker 1: a little bit new material formula that they have to
18:51
Speaker 1: figure out, like, hey, how would long term water affect
18:56
Speaker 1: all of this stuff? Right? How would water being around
18:59
Speaker 1: and present a lot, a lot longer than we thought.
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Speaker 1: How would that change the chemistry of these various formations
19:04
Speaker 1: of soils and rocks that we find on these worlds.
19:06
Speaker 1: So anyway, a cool story. Space dot Com congratulations to
19:10
Speaker 1: the Japanese Space Agency an excellent find from their very
19:14
Speaker 1: effective mission Hyabusa two.
19:16
Speaker 3: All Right, I know I'm getting into some just hypothetical
19:20
Speaker 3: or theoretical or whatever you want with some of these questions.
19:23
Speaker 3: But when we talk about planets that we discover that
19:27
Speaker 3: we say, Okay, we've discovered x number of exoplanets that
19:31
Speaker 3: are in the Goldilock zone in different areas and yet
19:35
Speaker 3: no evidence of anything that would you know, Occasionally we
19:38
Speaker 3: get a planet where we say, oh, there's a possibility
19:41
Speaker 3: of something there. We're starting to detect, you know, certain
19:45
Speaker 3: types of gases or things, and we say, well, that
19:47
Speaker 3: might indicate something. But does it take a story like
19:50
Speaker 3: this or a study like this to tell us how
19:56
Speaker 3: unbelievably what a low percentage it is for all of
20:01
Speaker 3: the things to come into play where we were relying
20:05
Speaker 3: on these compounds, this water to come from somewhere and
20:08
Speaker 3: specifically direct hit us. On top of being in a
20:12
Speaker 3: Goldilog zone, on top of having a moon that's able
20:15
Speaker 3: to protect us, on top of all of the things
20:17
Speaker 3: that we needed for this to be the perfect storm.
20:20
Speaker 3: And then you realize, well, sure, there's a lot of
20:22
Speaker 3: exoplanets we found, but they all kind of needed this
20:26
Speaker 3: perfect thing to happen to them as well. That just
20:28
Speaker 3: didn't happen.
20:30
Speaker 1: Yeah. Well, what Wes is referring to, and maybe I
20:32
Speaker 1: didn't cover this clearly enough, is to say this that
20:35
Speaker 1: some of the water on the surface of the Earth.
20:37
Speaker 1: Now we're a water planet, right, Our planet's surface is
20:40
Speaker 1: rich in liquid water, and there are a lot of
20:43
Speaker 1: conversations about where did that water come from. What was
20:47
Speaker 1: it here in the inner parts of our Earth and
20:50
Speaker 1: then came to the surface at a later time, or
20:53
Speaker 1: was it deposited here by the collisions with asteroids like
20:56
Speaker 1: the one we're talking about Ryugu, with comets which care
21:00
Speaker 1: a lot higher water fraction even than asteroids. You know,
21:05
Speaker 1: it's obviously probably some combination of both. But which was
21:08
Speaker 1: the majority factor? Right? Was it already majority here and
21:11
Speaker 1: then rose from the Earth's interior, or was it placed
21:14
Speaker 1: here through collisions with very watery objects in that early
21:17
Speaker 1: part of the solar system, and yes, this would absolutely
21:20
Speaker 1: change that idea around because because then the notion as well,
21:24
Speaker 1: it appears that these objects were maybe more water rich
21:27
Speaker 1: than we realized for longer periods of time. So collisions
21:31
Speaker 1: with asteroids like this would have definitely brought a higher
21:34
Speaker 1: water content to the surface of the Earth. So those
21:38
Speaker 1: people who do study how our solar system formed and
21:42
Speaker 1: got to be the way it is today, this is
21:45
Speaker 1: definitely going to be a little bit of a game
21:46
Speaker 1: changer for their modeling of how those kinds of things
21:49
Speaker 1: could occur. Now, so then you extended to exoplanets, you say, okay,
21:52
Speaker 1: well we need to apply what we understand about our
21:55
Speaker 1: own solar system to the possibilities of planets around others
22:00
Speaker 1: are having water within what West referred to as the
22:03
Speaker 1: Goldilocks zone that just right, not too close, not too
22:06
Speaker 1: far range from their parent star to say, yeah, those
22:10
Speaker 1: conditions would be important at that location as well. And so,
22:14
Speaker 1: but the point is when these kinds of building blocks
22:18
Speaker 1: of our theories and models change, then our own understanding
22:21
Speaker 1: of our own solar system changes, and then that, like
22:24
Speaker 1: you know, dominoes, it changes what we understand then about
22:27
Speaker 1: solar systems around other stars potentially as well. So yeah,
22:30
Speaker 1: that's why this is such a very important discovery and
22:33
Speaker 1: such a very important puzzle piece to say, reinsert now
22:37
Speaker 1: that it's a bit of a different shape, we have
22:40
Speaker 1: to reinsert that into the puzzle, and that that's going
22:42
Speaker 1: to change our understanding of all of those kind of
22:45
Speaker 1: dominoes leading out to our understanding of planets around other stars.
22:48
Speaker 3: And maybe not to really dive into this, but then
22:51
Speaker 3: the next question, of course, whenever we find water, there's
22:54
Speaker 3: a possibility of life, and could life be getting delivered
22:57
Speaker 3: through this mechanism throughout different plants and things. So all
23:01
Speaker 3: of that a lot of questions. It's always great science
23:04
Speaker 3: when you get some answers that lead to more questions.
23:06
Speaker 3: That's when you're more science than it gets to happen.
23:10
Speaker 3: All right, let's talk about Ukraine. Obviously, the war has
23:17
Speaker 3: continued on and this is kind of one of those
23:21
Speaker 3: different kind of casualties to war. And it's not to
23:23
Speaker 3: minimize the casualties of war, but this is a very
23:26
Speaker 3: different sort of casualty for the war, and it involves
23:31
Speaker 3: a giant telescope that was destroyed for strategic reasons.
23:37
Speaker 1: Yeah, we don't do politics on this show. That's just
23:40
Speaker 1: something we don't really do. And so this is not
23:43
Speaker 1: a political story, it's it's just a reality. Right. So war,
23:49
Speaker 1: as Wes said, has lots of casualties, and there's some
23:52
Speaker 1: very unfortunate things that happen. And yes, losing life is
23:56
Speaker 1: number one, right, but it's not all that we lose.
24:00
Speaker 1: And so this is another one of those stories just
24:01
Speaker 1: remind everyone that we lose more than that. So in
24:05
Speaker 1: the Crimea there was a radio telescope called the RT seventy,
24:10
Speaker 1: and that radio telescope when we were all working together
24:13
Speaker 1: on science, they kinds of things. That radio telescope was
24:18
Speaker 1: used for a couple of different purposes. It was used
24:21
Speaker 1: to support both missions to Venus and Mars, and it
24:25
Speaker 1: was also used to transmit messages from the Earth out
24:30
Speaker 1: into our cosmos as basically a friendly wave to anybody
24:34
Speaker 1: who might be listening to say, Hey, we're here on
24:37
Speaker 1: planet Earth and you know, we might like to talk
24:40
Speaker 1: to you people out there, or people's probably not the
24:44
Speaker 1: right word. We'd like to talk to you intelligent life
24:46
Speaker 1: forms out there.
24:47
Speaker 4: We'd like to talk to you greb ed ar.
24:53
Speaker 1: So whatever that message was. Anyway, So this radio telescope
24:57
Speaker 1: was used for messages like that, or for communicating with
25:01
Speaker 1: satellites that were going out or probes that were going
25:03
Speaker 1: out and doing some very important investigations that are on
25:06
Speaker 1: solar system. And now we find out that last month
25:10
Speaker 1: it was exploded. It was blown up by Ukrainian defense
25:14
Speaker 1: forces as a two hundred and thirty foot dish and
25:19
Speaker 1: it was five thousand metric tons of structure and it
25:23
Speaker 1: was brought to Ruin. Why well, because the Russian forces
25:28
Speaker 1: had decided to shall we say, upgrade its capabilities and
25:33
Speaker 1: use it for military communications. So it had become a
25:37
Speaker 1: strategic target because the Russians now controlling that section of
25:42
Speaker 1: Crimea or annexing that peninsula. Back in twenty fourteen, they
25:46
Speaker 1: were using that radio dish for purposes of war, and
25:50
Speaker 1: so it got involved in some activities that were deemed
25:54
Speaker 1: unfriendly by the Ukrainians and they took it out. Anyway,
25:56
Speaker 1: what we're doing here is we're just kind of mourning
25:58
Speaker 1: the fact that while something that have been used for
26:01
Speaker 1: science and for investigating the cosmos has now been reduced
26:05
Speaker 1: to rubble because it was being conflated to the purposes
26:10
Speaker 1: of military communications.
26:13
Speaker 4: Let's talk about music. Under the Dome.
26:16
Speaker 3: We are back with more shows for this school year,
26:21
Speaker 3: and we got the first of those coming up next month,
26:25
Speaker 3: just a few weeks away.
26:27
Speaker 1: Yeah, we're super excited about Music under the Dome. It's
26:30
Speaker 1: a great concert series. Friends, if you've not been down
26:34
Speaker 1: and seen one of our Music under the Dome concerts,
26:36
Speaker 1: it's the students and faculty from the Schwob School of
26:39
Speaker 1: Music here at Columbus State University's Coca Cola at Columbus
26:42
Speaker 1: State University, and it's here at the Coca Cola Space
26:45
Speaker 1: Science Center in our planetarium. The Schwob musicians, faculty and
26:49
Speaker 1: students from the world renowned by the way Schwob School
26:52
Speaker 1: of Music come and perform inside our planetarium and a
26:56
Speaker 1: great show that's both audio splendor but also visual splendor.
27:01
Speaker 1: And our very own Lance Tankersley, our director of our
27:03
Speaker 1: Ominosphere Theater at the Coca Cola Space Science Center, is
27:06
Speaker 1: producing that show. It's going to be on October seventh.
27:10
Speaker 1: It's going to be a great show with those original
27:12
Speaker 1: graphics choreographed to the music. It's going to be performed
27:15
Speaker 1: live by the schwa School of Music students and faculty.
27:19
Speaker 1: Make sure you get your tickets not just for this show,
27:22
Speaker 1: but for the whole season as soon as possible. Because
27:25
Speaker 1: our theaters reasonably small, we have one hundred and sixteen seats,
27:28
Speaker 1: the theater sells out pretty quickly. If you're interested in
27:31
Speaker 1: seeing one of the concerts this year, make sure you
27:33
Speaker 1: get on our website and buy your tickets right away.
27:36
Speaker 1: Www dot cc SSC dot org. Charlie Charlie SamSam Charlie
27:42
Speaker 1: dot org. That's the weblink for the concerts.
27:45
Speaker 4: Friends.
27:45
Speaker 1: I will tell you also that we have been upgrading
27:48
Speaker 1: the main seating section. We're going to have some brand new,
27:52
Speaker 1: very comfortable seats now. That might tempt you to fall asleep, but.
27:55
Speaker 4: Don't do it.
27:57
Speaker 1: Don't do it because I know planetariums are sleep places.
28:00
Speaker 1: But yeah, you know, just because our seats are nice
28:02
Speaker 1: and comfortable now, doesn't really give you the license to
28:05
Speaker 1: fall asleep. Just stay awake and enjoy the whole concert. Friends.
28:08
Speaker 1: It's gonna be a very relaxing but also very engaging experience.
28:12
Speaker 1: Come see music under the Dome. Visit the website www
28:15
Speaker 1: dot cc s SC dot org. Charlie Charlie SamSam Charlie
28:20
Speaker 1: dot org for those concert tickets.
28:22
Speaker 3: Sean and I thank you for listening, and we'll do
28:24
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