Latest / Argoment / Argoment 29.10.2026 Osservatori cuintri de militarizazion di scuelis e universitâts
Transcript
- 0:01Speaker 1: L'argomento di Vue. Parcure. Le redazioni giornalistiche.
- 0:30Speaker 2: Greetings to all the people listening to the Radio Onda Furlane.
- 0:34Speaker 2: We are in a very particular historical period, as it
- 0:37Speaker 2: has been since the beginning of the war. The war
- 0:40Speaker 2: in Ukraine is a very long time, but the conflicts
- 0:43Speaker 2: have been for many years. It is a period in
- 0:47Speaker 2: which the war and the arms are also very important.
- 0:49Speaker 2: The people who have been in the European Union are
- 0:52Speaker 2: in a very unprecedented context. Usadis, like Casson, fortunately, of Heinz,
- 0:59Speaker 2: did not seem to be concerned about this issue, but
- 1:02Speaker 2: still not in the first person. The society, therefore, is
- 1:06Speaker 2: a sign of this sort of conflict, of this contradiction,
- 1:10Speaker 2: since so many do not want to put into question
- 1:13Speaker 2: what has happened to anyone since a period of peace
- 1:16Speaker 2: between European countries, but since the problem arises in the
- 1:20Speaker 2: event of an attack. The topic of this talk is
- 1:24Speaker 2: based on the fact that, on the one hand, the
- 1:26Speaker 2: majority of public opinion is against the idea of combating
- 1:30Speaker 2: and pushing away from weapons. On the other hand, the
- 1:33Speaker 2: rhetoric that comes from the levels of political or industrial
- 1:38Speaker 2: powers is often belligerent. These are issues of great importance
- 1:43Speaker 2: and importance that we certainly do not resolve in our
- 1:45Speaker 2: radio broadcasts. We, however, are concentrating on a specific aspect
- 1:50Speaker 2: of the issue, namely the narration, the rhetorical, bellicistic, that
- 1:56Speaker 2: exists in your society and also in your schools. We
- 1:58Speaker 2: are listening, therefore, to a point of view, a particular work,
- 2:03Speaker 2: which comes from the Observatory Quintri de Militarizzazione des Scuelis
- 2:07Speaker 2: e des Universitas. I am connected to the telephone with us,
- 2:11Speaker 2: Luca Alberti Archetti, from the Observatory Quintri de Militarizzazione des
- 2:16Speaker 2: Scuelis e des Universitas, First of all, I greet you,
- 2:19Speaker 2: Mandi Luca.
- 2:20Speaker 1: Mandi.
- 2:21Speaker 2: I ask you, what is this observatory? Where did you
- 2:24Speaker 2: come from? What is the foundation of this observatory?
- 2:29Speaker 1: Let me say that I am relatively a new entry
- 2:33Speaker 1: into the observatory. I have been collaborating with the observatory
- 2:36Speaker 1: since December last year, from the inside. While before I
- 2:41Speaker 1: met him because we had organized a training in my city,
- 2:45Speaker 1: a teaching training, on the militarization of schools and on
- 2:50Speaker 1: other topics that we wanted to unite together on that day.
- 2:55Speaker 1: It was very, very interesting and I entered the observatory
- 2:59Speaker 1: because the people who were there, with whom I spoke,
- 3:01Speaker 1: who I had little known, had given me an excellent
- 3:04Speaker 1: impression on their abilities. And militarization, I say this because
- 3:09Speaker 1: the origin of the observatory is well connected to this example.
- 3:14Speaker 1: Militarization of schools and universities is a phenomenon that is
- 3:19Speaker 1: not a niche thing, as I thought in a naive
- 3:22Speaker 1: way at the beginning, but it is a key point
- 3:27Speaker 1: of the economic system and of the relations of production
- 3:31Speaker 1: and social relationships in which we live today.
- 3:35Speaker 2: So you say that militarization is a very present thing,
- 3:39Speaker 2: not a marginal thing?
- 3:41Speaker 1: Yes, and in particular the action of the militarization of
- 3:45Speaker 1: schools and universities. And the more we go on with
- 3:48Speaker 1: the times, the more we see it well, the more
- 3:50Speaker 1: we see that the militarization of schools and universities, now
- 3:53Speaker 1: I'll give you some examples so you can understand what
- 3:56Speaker 1: we're talking about, but the most classic one, which consists
- 3:59Speaker 1: of having understanding protocols of the Ministry of Education and Merit,
- 4:05Speaker 1: with the various departments of the Armed Forces and the Order,
- 4:09Speaker 1: to do what? To legitimize them to enter schools, to
- 4:13Speaker 1: hold civic education courses or on this line, of really
- 4:18Speaker 1: different topics, food education, gender violence. It is to be
- 4:23Speaker 1: kept in mind that these courses are made in a
- 4:25Speaker 1: way that the pedagogy on which they are based is norm,
- 4:30Speaker 1: infraction of the norm, and punishment. So, let's say, it's
- 4:35Speaker 1: not really free pedagogy or pedagogy based on the relationship
- 4:40Speaker 1: in which we teachers believe.
- 4:42Speaker 2: So, for militarization, you mean not only the army, the
- 4:48Speaker 2: armed forces, not only the carabinieri, which are in this
- 4:50Speaker 2: case the military, but also the police forces in general, right?
- 4:55Speaker 1: Yes, the police forces are the forces of order. but
- 4:58Speaker 1: we use the same term, militarization, to clarify. They enter
- 5:03Speaker 1: schools with this pedagogy that I have just described, thanks
- 5:07Speaker 1: to a system, because if there are the protocols of
- 5:10Speaker 1: the Ministry of Education and Merit, it is a system
- 5:12Speaker 1: that favors this. We, as an observatory, say that it
- 5:15Speaker 1: is to be contrasted until it will stop and until
- 5:19Speaker 1: schools will be free from this ingenuity, from this penetration.
- 5:24Speaker 1: from the pedagogical point of view, that we are not teaching,
- 5:27Speaker 1: we are not educating ourselves if we rely on this technique.
- 5:33Speaker 1: And the second is that the historical moment we are
- 5:36Speaker 1: in means that we are really fascinated by a symbol,
- 5:41Speaker 1: because then there is a lot of controversy when the
- 5:44Speaker 1: Special Reporter for the Occupied Territories of the UN is
- 5:48Speaker 1: invited where you have to call the Israeli expert to
- 5:53Speaker 1: say what he thinks, but when they enter with the
- 5:56Speaker 1: monsters and the stars alone and make the brilliant in
- 5:59Speaker 1: front of a school, maybe from childhood, there is no contradiction.
- 6:02Speaker 1: And what I'm saying about the historical moment is that
- 6:05Speaker 1: being fascinated by boys, with respect to certain symbols, is
- 6:09Speaker 1: dangerous now, because if you act today, the form of
- 6:14Speaker 1: war has changed, there was a military drift, and there
- 6:19Speaker 1: is a real undisputed risk of being killed. This is
- 6:22Speaker 1: a classic example. Another example is the penetration of the
- 6:27Speaker 1: war industry. For example, the Leonardo Foundation, which organizes courses
- 6:31Speaker 1: on scientific matters, where a colleague of the Observatory did
- 6:42Speaker 1: this research, which will be presented on November 4th, the
- 6:46Speaker 1: morning after we talk about it, in which he shows
- 6:50Speaker 1: that the topics that are touched in the courses, which
- 6:55Speaker 1: is an online course, free and available for all teachers
- 6:59Speaker 1: who can show it in the classes to students, of course,
- 7:02Speaker 1: in which various themes, cyber security, aerospace, quantum physics, are
- 7:08Speaker 1: presented as avant-garde, but they are themes that serve to
- 7:12Speaker 1: train engineers or physicists who could then potentially be contracted
- 7:20Speaker 1: by Leonardo to produce weapons.
- 7:21Speaker 2: You stop, because Cicatudisis, Luvio Ding, Antiechi, in Friul, for example,
- 7:26Speaker 2: in Maniero Nevorevidente, I went to the Chiaf, to the Malignani,
- 7:31Speaker 2: and there was also an attempt, depending on the teachers,
- 7:35Speaker 2: to not have this type of collaboration. In reality, in
- 7:38Speaker 2: that case, I was in Tirocini's and Esperianci's company, right
- 7:43Speaker 2: with Leonardo. In that case, a group of teachers, the
- 7:46Speaker 2: CIRUT of Forte Indenante, was one of the firms, but
- 7:49Speaker 2: they did not have this type of collaboration, have been
- 7:53Speaker 2: presented as neutral, right? But, as you said, it is
- 7:56Speaker 2: not neutral to participate in initiatives that can end up there,
- 8:02Speaker 2: in the production of weapons and, perhaps, even in the
- 8:06Speaker 2: use of these weapons. And so, in short, I think
- 8:09Speaker 2: it is important to review the question in a profound way.
- 8:13Speaker 2: There is something that many times is not neutral. But
- 8:18Speaker 2: let's go back to the observatory. I think you understand.
- 8:22Speaker 2: Who is part of this observatory?
- 8:24Speaker 1: Are they teachers?
- 8:24Speaker 2: Are they young people? Are they revolutionaries? Are they people
- 8:29Speaker 2: from social centers? Are there types of people inside?
- 8:32Speaker 1: Yes, individual people that associations can join the observatory. Most
- 8:39Speaker 1: of the people are teachers in all of Italy. It's
- 8:42Speaker 1: a committee of purpose. is widespread all over Italy. We
- 8:47Speaker 1: have working groups and the good thing is that it's
- 8:51Speaker 1: very horizontal. And another thing I really like about the
- 8:54Speaker 1: observatory is that there is room to participate in many
- 8:58Speaker 1: different degrees. There is the teacher, the teacher who simply
- 9:02Speaker 1: exploits the vademecum, the emotions that we have prepared to
- 9:06Speaker 1: bring to the teaching staff, or reads the articles that
- 9:10Speaker 1: we publish, or sends us the notes, already a step further, right?
- 9:13Speaker 1: And I also wanted to invite the listeners, if you
- 9:16Speaker 1: see a.
- 9:19Speaker 1: An event organized in your school in which armed forces enter, organize,
- 9:24Speaker 1: do things and you can send an email or write
- 9:27Speaker 1: it down and then we can contrast it together, we
- 9:30Speaker 1: can confront each other, pass you the Wademecum and then
- 9:34Speaker 1: organize a form of resistance. We have seen that when
- 9:39Speaker 1: you take a stand and you denounce that something is
- 9:44Speaker 1: wrong and you denounce it on a media level, for example,
- 9:48Speaker 1: then they take a step back because they have launched
- 9:51Speaker 1: a campaign called Campagna Simpatia and they talk about the
- 9:54Speaker 1: diffusion of the culture of defense. Their goal is to
- 9:57Speaker 1: make sure that the population gets close, has an excellent impression,
- 10:02Speaker 1: gets emotionally close to the armed forces. And so, when
- 10:07Speaker 1: there are the tools and everything, there is Article 11,
- 10:12Speaker 1: there are really a lot of formal reasons, even in
- 10:17Speaker 1: the law, to prevent this thing, And when it's done,
- 10:20Speaker 1: there are very good chances of really managing to block
- 10:25Speaker 1: that attempt to militarize.
- 10:27Speaker 2: Yes, so, Dijink, this observatory, as you said, has a
- 10:30Speaker 2: horizontal structure, it is organized by the people of various
- 10:36Speaker 2: regions of the Italian state, And so, as an observatory,
- 10:40Speaker 2: you did a series of things. You said that you
- 10:42Speaker 2: organized only the reports, things that you will tell us later,
- 10:46Speaker 2: and you also created your website where you can find
- 10:50Speaker 2: this information. What is the website? osservatorionomilscuola.com If you look
- 10:58Speaker 2: at the reports, the initiatives of the observatory, it's also
- 11:01Speaker 2: a VadeMecum. Can you explain a little more about VadeMecum?
- 11:06Speaker 1: It's a collection of emotions and documents that can be modified.
- 11:11Speaker 1: There is one for parents, there are some for students,
- 11:14Speaker 1: and there are others, especially for teachers, different for teachers,
- 11:19Speaker 1: that allow to contrast or prevent the militarization of the school.
- 11:24Speaker 1: The idea for teachers is to pass from the school
- 11:27Speaker 1: body and if the school is not unanimously or mostly
- 11:31Speaker 1: in agreement with preventing a certain militaristic celebration, However, the
- 11:40Speaker 1: single teacher or the minority of teachers of this opinion
- 11:45Speaker 1: can take advantage of the minority option. In order to
- 11:48Speaker 1: do this, there is another motion, always in my favor. However,
- 11:51Speaker 1: there are different possibilities, such as the dissent of the
- 11:54Speaker 1: leaders and other things like that.
- 11:56Speaker 2: Ok, so it's really a set of instructions to bring
- 12:00Speaker 2: forward the issues or to propose initiatives that are considered wrong, yes.
- 12:05Speaker 1: There is also another one, called Resisting Notes for the
- 12:09Speaker 1: Freedom of Teaching, or something like that. Anyway, you can
- 12:13Speaker 1: find them all on our page. This is the most
- 12:15Speaker 1: recent one, written with teachers for Gaza. Last year, at
- 12:21Speaker 1: the end of... When we saw that the school was
- 12:24Speaker 1: really a... It seemed like a front, because there were
- 12:28Speaker 1: a series of attacks that continued to come from whom?
- 12:30Speaker 1: From the Ministry of Education and Merit. In these notes
- 12:35Speaker 1: there are written how to talk, for example, about genocide
- 12:40Speaker 1: and Palestine, protecting themselves from the bureaucratic point of view,
- 12:45Speaker 1: because a lot is played on the narrative, on the narrative,
- 12:47Speaker 1: on the fear that induces self-censorship, on political intimidation. When instead,
- 12:54Speaker 1: thanks to the resistance that was fought during the Second
- 12:56Speaker 1: World War and the Constituent Assembly, thanks to what the
- 12:59Speaker 1: collectivity has learned and with the price he paid to
- 13:04Speaker 1: learn it during the Second World War, and not only that,
- 13:09Speaker 1: he also saw the effect that the school had had
- 13:13Speaker 1: during the fascist 20th century, so 20 years of indoctrination
- 13:16Speaker 1: through the school, they had made products. The Constituent Assembly
- 13:21Speaker 1: has inserted this Article 33, which is that of the
- 13:23Speaker 1: freedom of teaching. Having an article, a constitutional standard that
- 13:27Speaker 1: protects the freedom of teaching is a very precious thing.
- 13:32Speaker 1: And we base these notes a lot on this Article 33. So,
- 13:37Speaker 1: first of.
- 13:39Speaker 2: All, thank you, Luca, for this explanation. I would like
- 13:44Speaker 2: to contextualize in more ways what you said, because in
- 13:48Speaker 2: Friuli it happened that already in Daur he had made
- 13:52Speaker 2: a bit of noise, but not so much, what the
- 13:55Speaker 2: President of Confindustria from Altadriatica, Grusti, had said, which in
- 13:59Speaker 2: a way... had proposed to take advantage of the historical
- 14:04Speaker 2: moment and the fact that the market on the defense
- 14:08Speaker 2: in this historical moment was destined to grow in a
- 14:11Speaker 2: slow way also due to public investments in merit that
- 14:16Speaker 2: are important and therefore Confindustria in a candid way had
- 14:22Speaker 2: said that small and medium-sized companies could take advantage of
- 14:27Speaker 2: the presence even in this region of large companies, such
- 14:31Speaker 2: as Ponte Leonardo or Fincantieri, to develop products different from
- 14:37Speaker 2: the usual ones, that were maybe dual-use, that could be
- 14:39Speaker 2: used in civil or military use, something that, from an
- 14:43Speaker 2: economic point of view, has a certain sense, but that,
- 14:48Speaker 2: from an ethical point of view, has more than some thought,
- 14:51Speaker 2: and which, in part, is still relevant. After that, things
- 14:55Speaker 2: were a bit quiet at the media level, However, from
- 14:59Speaker 2: a practical point of view, this is an idea that
- 15:02Speaker 2: goes on and on. So much so that, after a
- 15:05Speaker 2: few months in Da'ur, simple industrial companies, in particular with
- 15:09Speaker 2: the metal-mechanical cluster, have taken initiatives to make dialogue between
- 15:14Speaker 2: their companies, to strengthen their production capacity, to get a
- 15:19Speaker 2: profit from this historical moment, the historical moment of VR.
- 15:24Speaker 2: I think it is very important that, as I said before,
- 15:28Speaker 2: venne di divio di chiste robe in maniere clare, parce
- 15:33Speaker 2: che si fevele in maniere, anche in un'evole così entusiaste,
- 15:38Speaker 2: di un momento storico, che al puo' si essi, che
- 15:41Speaker 2: al puo' spagliare in maniere significative, le imprese che a
- 15:45Speaker 2: Olsing sburtassero un po' più in là rispetto al solito,
- 15:48Speaker 2: magari sviluppando news, perché anche quei prodotti lì hanno potuto
- 15:52Speaker 2: iniziare a lavorare. E' anche vero che dal punto di
- 15:56Speaker 2: vista di opinioni pubbliche, Before I start talking about myself,
- 15:59Speaker 2: I want to talk about many pacifist initiatives. There have
- 16:04Speaker 2: been several marches in Friuli for peace, in the city
- 16:09Speaker 2: of Agurice, in Nova Gorizia, but also in other parts,
- 16:13Speaker 2: in Servignan and so on. And there are the shoppers
- 16:16Speaker 2: of the last period who, among the things that have
- 16:19Speaker 2: been said, if the property owners have a well-furnished, well-financed school,
- 16:26Speaker 2: to the military expenses. After the military expenses and the
- 16:31Speaker 2: army expenses, the Feast of the Armed Forces is approaching,
- 16:35Speaker 2: the Feast of the Armed Forces, which is on November 4th.
- 16:38Speaker 2: And it is a date that, for the observers, is important.
- 16:42Speaker 2: Have you seen such a day?
- 16:43Speaker 1: Why is it there? On November 4th, the National Unity
- 16:46Speaker 1: Day of the Armed Forces, for those who do not
- 16:48Speaker 1: know it and who are listening to us, is a
- 16:51Speaker 1: day that is a national holiday. They reinstituted it in 2024, recently,
- 16:58Speaker 1: but they said, go and work on it yourself, don't
- 17:01Speaker 1: stay at home. And why? The law is simple, the
- 17:05Speaker 1: first article says that they set up this day to celebrate,
- 17:09Speaker 1: they set up the day, it is not clear if
- 17:11Speaker 1: to celebrate the victory of a war fought by Italy
- 17:14Speaker 1: in an aggressive way that caused millions of deaths, or
- 17:24Speaker 1: to celebrate an idea of unhealthy and patriotic defence. However,
- 17:29Speaker 1: in both cases, the second article explicitly says that it
- 17:33Speaker 1: is a day in which the armed forces and the
- 17:36Speaker 1: forces of the order get to know each other in schools,
- 17:39Speaker 1: so they organize celebrations, even high flags or mini self-defence courses,
- 17:45Speaker 1: I don't know, but who has more or less? The
- 17:48Speaker 1: Observatory organizes this year, in the morning, together with the
- 17:53Speaker 1: European Forum for Knowledge and Other Realities, an online conference
- 17:59Speaker 1: for which the teachers and lecturers who do not want
- 18:03Speaker 1: to have to accompany their students to the initiative, to
- 18:08Speaker 1: the high flag of the shift, can apply for an
- 18:12Speaker 1: exemption for training, one of the five days of training
- 18:15Speaker 1: that we have. and participate in this online course. You
- 18:20Speaker 1: can find it on the website, what are the interventions
- 18:24Speaker 1: and everything. And then comes the mobilization part, for which
- 18:30Speaker 1: in the afternoon we made this appeal, we asked all
- 18:33Speaker 1: the Italian squares, all the realities that who know the
- 18:36Speaker 1: observatory or who are sensitive to the issue of organizing
- 18:39Speaker 1: a presidium or a banquet of firm collections of the
- 18:42Speaker 1: Campagna della Conoscenza Normarcia or any initiative they consider appropriate
- 18:47Speaker 1: for their territory to sensitize the population and contrast this day.
- 18:54Speaker 1: The title is Il 4 novembre non è la nostra festa.
- 18:59Speaker 2: All right, then I invite all those who are interested
- 19:03Speaker 2: to go there, to write about it online, to go
- 19:06Speaker 2: deeper if you want to join.
- 19:09Speaker 1: Listening to what you said before, referring to the normalization
- 19:13Speaker 1: of war and the role played by the war industry,
- 19:16Speaker 1: as an observatory we have a group of work that
- 19:20Speaker 1: does research on these issues. And the three main things
- 19:22Speaker 1: that we have found in the last few months are
- 19:27Speaker 1: are the concept of total defense, the concept of cognitive
- 19:33Speaker 1: war and the concept of the Israelization of society. These
- 19:37Speaker 1: are three key perspectives that I find really useful to
- 19:44Speaker 1: interpret what is happening today in Italy. Total defense I'll
- 19:50Speaker 1: make it short now, maybe if you're interested you can
- 19:53Speaker 1: go deeper another time. But the problem is that you
- 19:58Speaker 1: were talking about dual use, but the point is not
- 20:01Speaker 1: so much dual use, because we are going towards what
- 20:04Speaker 1: is an Israelization of society, so the division between military
- 20:09Speaker 1: and civilian, the distinction, no longer exists. So dual use
- 20:13Speaker 1: is based on existence. One thing can be dual only
- 20:17Speaker 1: if it can be both civil and military. But when
- 20:20Speaker 1: there is no distinction between civil and military, that is,
- 20:24Speaker 1: when a society is completely Israelized, this category is no
- 20:28Speaker 1: longer applied. So it doesn't make sense to fight against
- 20:32Speaker 1: dual use. Or rather, sorry, it doesn't make sense, but
- 20:37Speaker 1: there are difficulties. We have studied how the lever would
- 20:41Speaker 1: return in Europe and we expect it to return in Italy.
- 20:46Speaker 1: At this moment in Parliament, in the Foreign and Defense Commission,
- 20:52Speaker 1: the Senate is discussing the reform of the defense of
- 20:56Speaker 1: the Italian military instrument. The return of the lever, as
- 21:00Speaker 1: we have seen in the other European states, already foresees
- 21:03Speaker 1: the objection of conscience. understood as the objective of conscience
- 21:07Speaker 1: in the classical form with which it was obtained by
- 21:10Speaker 1: the fighting of the movement that led to the first law,
- 21:12Speaker 1: then there were also others, of 1972. They themselves grant you,
- 21:16Speaker 1: they themselves offer you the option of the civil service
- 21:19Speaker 1: instead of the military one, but why? Because the civil
- 21:22Speaker 1: service is also instrumental in the military sport. In the
- 21:25Speaker 1: context of total defence, a population for which both the
- 21:33Speaker 1: civilian and the military, or rather both the civilian and
- 21:37Speaker 1: the military mansion contribute to the military effort with the
- 21:40Speaker 1: same importance. So, to conclude, which links us a bit
- 21:44Speaker 1: to November 4th, which is the next important meeting we
- 21:47Speaker 1: have as an Observatory, the day of celebration of November
- 21:52Speaker 1: 4th in the National Unit of the Armed Forces already
- 21:54Speaker 1: existed since 1921. Then, however, it was suspended in 1977
- 22:03Speaker 1: After years of anti-militarist movement, it was contested in squares,
- 22:10Speaker 1: in schools, everywhere. And now we are again at the
- 22:14Speaker 1: point where we have the opportunity to boycott it again.
- 22:18Speaker 2: You did a good job, Triari, looking at this stuff,
- 22:21Speaker 2: because it often gives the impression that it can't be done.
- 22:25Speaker 2: It seems a bit like it's functional, the system and
- 22:28Speaker 2: the fact that it's preserved just as it is. And instead,
- 22:32Speaker 2: you have done well to remind us that if we
- 22:34Speaker 2: fight for a goal together, many times we reach that goal. Well, Luca,
- 22:40Speaker 2: you have said many interesting things. I invite you to
- 22:44Speaker 2: listen to them, which I want to do, to deepen them.
- 22:47Speaker 2: You can find them on the website of the Observatory
- 22:50Speaker 2: for the Militarization of Schools and Universities. And I invite
- 22:55Speaker 2: you all to listen to them. Ivo Iviars, anche per Viodi,
- 22:59Speaker 2: in maniera un po' più clara di ciò che succede
- 23:02Speaker 2: intorno a noi. Grazie dunque, Luca Alberti Archetti, ci sentiamo
- 23:06Speaker 2: le prossime volte.
- 23:08Speaker 1: Grazie a te, a tutti, a tutti.
- 23:09Speaker 2: Ciao, ciao.
- 23:10Speaker 1: Mandi. L'argomento di VE parcura le redazioni giornalistiche.