Latest / Becker’s Healthcare Podcast / Tackling Medical Misinformation with Ashley Alker, MD, M.Sc., Emergency Medicine Physician and Author
Transcript
- 0:00Welcome to the Becker's Healthcare Podcast. I'm Molly
- 0:02Gamble with Becker's. And today, I'm sitting down
- 0:04with doctor Ashley Elker. Doctor Elker is an
- 0:07emergency medicine physician and author. Doctor Elker, it's
- 0:10really great to be joined by you today.
- 0:11I'm looking forward to learning from you in
- 0:13our conversation.
- 0:14Thanks so much for having me, Molly.
- 0:16You have a really interesting career, and we're
- 0:19gonna start talking about Meaningful Media.
- 0:22This is a nonprofit
- 0:23that you founded that looks to connect the
- 0:26public health experts out there with different creators
- 0:30to fight medical misinformation, which has just been
- 0:32such an intensifying problem,
- 0:34really, ever since COVID nineteen.
- 0:37Let's talk about the origins of this idea.
- 0:39What what what sparked the idea of meaningful
- 0:41media for you, and what kind of impact
- 0:44are you looking to to have in the
- 0:46stories that you're telling?
- 0:48Yeah. No problem. This is a, you know,
- 0:50a great place to start. So what sparked
- 0:52the idea was actually the pandemic,
- 0:55and also created the necessity, I think. So
- 0:58the amount of life altering medical misinformation that's
- 1:01out there, especially, you know, in times of
- 1:03crisis,
- 1:05is overwhelming. So it's really hard for people
- 1:07to
- 1:08sift through this information and find the truths.
- 1:11And AI is making this even more, you
- 1:13know, confusing.
- 1:14I could see how far during the pandemic
- 1:17we were behind the ball on public health
- 1:20communication practices.
- 1:22So that's kind of where I decided, you
- 1:24know, to start Meaningful Media as I saw
- 1:26a a gap in the way we were
- 1:28educating the public and an opportunity to help.
- 1:31The people creating the messaging, I find often
- 1:34are not and successful in creating the messaging
- 1:36is are often not the people who have
- 1:39necessarily the health care background. You know, they're
- 1:41people who are influencers or have a lot
- 1:43of followers
- 1:44or sometimes just people who find new sensationalized
- 1:47information.
- 1:48So these aren't necessarily the people that can,
- 1:51dig through the information and find the truths.
- 1:53It's not where you should be getting your
- 1:55health information from.
- 1:56And on top of that, MIT did a
- 1:59study on this, but lies are very captivating.
- 2:02Mhmm. And this is just a universal truth.
- 2:06And especially when the truth is we don't
- 2:08know,
- 2:09that's not very helpful and people don't, you
- 2:11know, that's not gonna get you to click.
- 2:14So I the study MIT looked at basically
- 2:17showed that misinformation
- 2:18online, specifically on, what was on Twitter, I
- 2:21believe, travels six times faster faster than any
- 2:24factual news. So, you know, you're fighting an
- 2:26uphill battle here.
- 2:28And it's a a role that I enjoyed
- 2:30in the past,
- 2:31in a more like, you
- 2:33know, less dire time,
- 2:35before the pandemic. I, you know, did a
- 2:37lot of stuff for television and film. I
- 2:39did a lot of article writing for newspapers
- 2:41and working with very various sects of the
- 2:44TED organization.
- 2:46But, you know, this was different.
- 2:48So I did get on social media during
- 2:50the pandemic and tried to help fight information
- 2:52in
- 2:54online. But to be honest with you, I
- 2:55just I really dislike social media.
- 2:58So it's not something that I enjoyed doing.
- 3:00But in 2022,
- 3:02I, you know, found something that I do
- 3:04really enjoy doing that could help the situation,
- 3:06and that was creating meaningful media, which is
- 3:08basically a nonprofit organization that connects the creators
- 3:11with the public health experts in order to
- 3:13develop a scientifically
- 3:14accurate message.
- 3:16So it's just an opportunity to get the
- 3:18right information out there and to establish those
- 3:20relationships.
- 3:22The, you know, organization also tries to promote
- 3:24the people doing it right. So those are,
- 3:26you know, online health influencers that are fighting
- 3:28misinformation,
- 3:29as well as helping connect creators, whether they
- 3:32be novelists or journalists,
- 3:34screenwriters, artists with responsible and educated information through
- 3:37health professionals.
- 3:39And then lastly, as far as, like, my
- 3:41my role in TV and film, I you
- 3:43know, it's probably had a modest effect. I'm
- 3:45one person,
- 3:47and it wasn't a full time job. But
- 3:49I think that,
- 3:51you know, with something like meaningful media across
- 3:53multiple mediums with multiple different people in multiple
- 3:57different fields, fighting misinformation,
- 3:59I think that is much more likely to
- 4:01be impactful.
- 4:03Mhmm. Mhmm. I mean, what a what a
- 4:05precise
- 4:06and very clear need,
- 4:09for this company to be to be advising
- 4:11the creators with accurate medical information
- 4:14to ensure that this misinformation
- 4:16isn't furthered. And as you're talking about this,
- 4:19doctor Alker, I mean, I think medical misinformation,
- 4:22sometimes it seems as though it's it's a
- 4:24really complicated thing. I think you just hit
- 4:26on a few reasons it can be so
- 4:28nefarious. Number one, it's oversimplification.
- 4:30There's just no nuance. I remember on the
- 4:32journalism side, like, headlines about studies have always
- 4:35been really tricky. The medical misinformation is like
- 4:37that times 10 in many ways. It's there's
- 4:39this captivation. It's really easy to repeat and
- 4:42to further.
- 4:43Are there any other nuances when it comes
- 4:44to misinformation that you think our listeners should
- 4:46keep in mind? Because sometimes,
- 4:48it can seem like it's just a matter
- 4:50of knowing better. I find that it's a
- 4:52way bigger social phenomenon
- 4:54than that.
- 4:55Yeah. I mean, I completely agree with you.
- 4:57It it is
- 4:58it's a big problem because it's so nuanced.
- 5:01And I think that it's getting even more
- 5:03dangerous with AI and deepfakes. And,
- 5:06you know, it basically
- 5:07is an issue
- 5:09that we've had for a long time. But
- 5:11when you were talking about, you know, what
- 5:13what makeup to you was and clothing brands,
- 5:15it wasn't as big of a deal. But
- 5:17when you're talking about health information, this is
- 5:20a difference between life and death in some
- 5:21situations. So it becomes something that, is very
- 5:25important and needs to be, you know, looked
- 5:27at by the people
- 5:29who,
- 5:29you know, should be creating health information.
- 5:32Our
- 5:33universities, our governmental organizations,
- 5:36you know, those types of places is where
- 5:38this information should be coming from because they
- 5:40have a responsibility
- 5:41and they have
- 5:43kind you know, as trusted organizations and as
- 5:45people that are giving out health information officially,
- 5:49they have a responsibility.
- 5:50So, you know, one of the things I
- 5:52always think about is when you're online and
- 5:53some influencer tells you to take, you know,
- 5:56hydroxychloroquine
- 5:57for COVID or whatever it might be, that
- 6:00person has very little responsibility
- 6:02in telling you truth or lies. They can,
- 6:04you know, repost something and be like, well,
- 6:06I didn't know.
- 6:07A doctor online who's credentialed, and this has
- 6:10happened before, giving you misinformation,
- 6:12they have a responsibility there and can can
- 6:16be, you know, found guilty of a crime
- 6:18if someone, you know, gets hurt from that
- 6:20information.
- 6:21There's some there's some culpability there is my
- 6:24point. So not that I think anyone should
- 6:26be getting their health information on the Internet.
- 6:28I think it's a very dangerous place to
- 6:30get health information and everyone should do their
- 6:32best to try in a very difficult system.
- 6:34I understand that. But, you know, do their
- 6:36best to try to get a public public
- 6:38health professional,
- 6:39in most cases, a primary care doctor who
- 6:41they can trust where they can get their
- 6:42information from.
- 6:44You know, if you are gonna look for
- 6:46something online, I think that's one of the
- 6:48ways
- 6:49to the the the very first tier of
- 6:51how to screen is, you know, who is
- 6:53this person?
- 6:55What are they talking about? What is their
- 6:57expertise? You know, they they teach you this
- 6:58stuff when, you know, in public health when
- 7:00you're reviewing articles or in medicine when you're
- 7:02reviewing articles.
- 7:03It's one of the, like, very first kind
- 7:05of easy things you can look at.
- 7:08Sure. Sure. No. Thanks for I think I
- 7:10appreciate the state. So this is really important.
- 7:12And and meaningful media, it sounds like in
- 7:14many ways, it solves a distinct need, but
- 7:16it also sounds like it's been a labor
- 7:17of love for you. But you've you've consulted
- 7:19on some some pretty big shows, Handmaid's Tale,
- 7:23Station 19, The Act. Can you can you
- 7:25share more about
- 7:27who you've advised? And then I think in
- 7:28addition to that, any behind the scenes moments
- 7:31of this work that maybe you can share
- 7:33with our listeners that have really stuck with
- 7:35you?
- 7:36Yeah. I mean, I just feel grateful and
- 7:39lucky that producers and screenwriters and actors and
- 7:42anyone who invest the time and effort to
- 7:44get the medicine right, I'm very grateful for
- 7:46these people because they have a lot of
- 7:49power.
- 7:50And I think that it's easy when you're
- 7:52an entertainer sometimes to ignore that because it's
- 7:54not technically your job. So
- 7:57the people that I've advised
- 7:58yeah. It's, you know, it's a long list
- 8:00of people, but there and there a lot
- 8:02of these people maybe you wouldn't necessarily recognize
- 8:04their names because they're screenwriters or producers. So
- 8:07people in,
- 8:08you know, Hollywood
- 8:10might know who they are. But,
- 8:12regardless of, you know, how celebrated the name
- 8:14might be, they're all really
- 8:16special individuals who understand, you know, there was
- 8:19both the responsibility and the opportunity that they
- 8:21have to use television and film for passive
- 8:24education.
- 8:25One person that I worked with on a
- 8:27show, The Purge,
- 8:29which doesn't seem like a medical
- 8:32show. But that's the other thing is that
- 8:33most people are like, oh, have you worked
- 8:35on, you know, you know, this medical show?
- 8:37And most of the things that I've worked
- 8:39on in the past actually weren't medical shows.
- 8:40It was just medical components of, you know,
- 8:43television shows or films. But, anyways, I worked
- 8:46with Derek Luke on that project and he
- 8:47was, you know, phenomenal and obviously a great
- 8:50actor who really cared about the role and,
- 8:53his depiction of an emergency medicine physician.
- 8:56I got to work with JJ Abrams, which
- 8:58was, you know, mind blowing and he's obviously
- 9:00a genius.
- 9:02And in that same team was Kiara Snyder
- 9:04and Far,
- 9:05Shariat who were both, like, you know, just
- 9:07amazing people. So, you know, I'm just honored
- 9:09to be able to have these conversations with
- 9:11these people who have clearly,
- 9:13understood their opportunity to kind of help move
- 9:17public health forward because, you know, most people
- 9:19watch TV. And so it's a great opportunity
- 9:21to, you know, get some passive education in.
- 9:24If you see they've actually done studies on
- 9:26this that if you see CPR done correctly
- 9:28on television, you're more likely to do it
- 9:30accurately.
- 9:31You know, everyone including the patient obviously prefers
- 9:33we take CPR classes.
- 9:36You know, the general public and physicians hopefully
- 9:39all know how to do CPR.
- 9:41But my point being is that it's a
- 9:43passive education opportunity.
- 9:45And then, you know, that's also I think
- 9:47we kind of ignore the power of stories
- 9:49often. Mhmm. And that's how, you know, we
- 9:52pass down a lot of health information. And
- 9:54so television has both, like, a responsibility and
- 9:57an opportunity to do that. You know, how
- 9:59many times have you heard patients tell you
- 10:01things that you're like, no, that's just on
- 10:03television. Patients are always like, oh, can my
- 10:05kid sleep after, you know, his mild concussion?
- 10:07He got hit in the head with a
- 10:08ball. I'm like, yes. Thank you nineties television
- 10:11for telling everyone you can't sleep after a
- 10:13concussion. You need to sleep.
- 10:14And that probably comes from, like, you know,
- 10:16q two hour neurochecks with somebody with, like,
- 10:19an interparenchymal hemorrhage that's in the ICU. It
- 10:21it comes from a place of science, but
- 10:23it's been misused. And so though those are
- 10:26the types of opportunities we have.
- 10:28Love that. When you're talking about storytelling,
- 10:31I mean, you transcend different mediums because you
- 10:33you also have a book, 99 ways to
- 10:36die, which is quite the title. And this
- 10:38is a book that comes from your time
- 10:41in the ER. It started off, if I'm
- 10:43correct, as journal entries. Right? And you started
- 10:46reflecting and recording some of these observations that
- 10:48you were having practicing in the ER.
- 10:51Describe the book for us and what it's
- 10:53about, and what made you wanna share these
- 10:55stories with an audience.
- 10:58Yeah. I mean, the book is, there are
- 11:00stories in the book, but I think it's
- 11:02balance a balance between stories and information.
- 11:05And for the, you know, medical professionals, I
- 11:08think that maybe parts of the book that
- 11:09that are more interesting are the social, historical,
- 11:12political components of diseases,
- 11:15aside from, you know, the the science. You
- 11:18know, a lot of doctors will know the
- 11:19science already. This book was written for everyone
- 11:21to understand and not just for medical professionals.
- 11:24But I think there is an interesting opportunity
- 11:26in this book to connect with my, you
- 11:28know, fellow physicians and medical professionals
- 11:30in the emergency department, but also in a
- 11:32lot of other fields,
- 11:34because, you know, there's certain things in medicine,
- 11:37that
- 11:38are kind of shared experiences. And so those
- 11:42things are in this book. And I do
- 11:44use stories,
- 11:46that were based on things that have happened,
- 11:48but of course, you know, so much has
- 11:49been changed to protect patient,
- 11:52identity that, you know, at at this point,
- 11:55the story is no longer the, you know,
- 11:58the tortoise and the hare. It's the
- 12:00sloth and the road runner, but the message
- 12:03is the same in the story and and
- 12:05that is slow and steady wins the race.
- 12:07So the point being is that the stories
- 12:09were an important way
- 12:12to allow people to remember the information.
- 12:14You know? Mhmm. An an example that I
- 12:16always use that I think is really poignant
- 12:18is Alexander,
- 12:20Alexander Hamilton wrote 51 of the 85 Federalist
- 12:23Papers, but nobody knew that or remembered that.
- 12:26But then Lin Manuel created this captivating musical
- 12:29about it. And now everyone can tell you
- 12:31where Hamilton was born, his political affiliations, his
- 12:34contributions to the constitution, his wife's name, complete
- 12:37biography. Right? And that's the genius of art,
- 12:40is that we can use things like storytelling,
- 12:43to really create something that people can remember
- 12:46even though maybe it's not something that they
- 12:48studied for fifteen years.
- 12:50And, you know, speaking of storytelling,
- 12:52one other format of storytelling that you have
- 12:54mastered is your your book, 99 Ways to
- 12:57Die.
- 12:58A a title that is surely a standout
- 13:00if I were to come across it on
- 13:02the shelves, Ashley.
- 13:03Can you talk about this a little bit?
- 13:05My understanding, it started off as journal entries
- 13:07from your time practicing in the ER.
- 13:11What are are those journal entries? What is
- 13:13the book about? And then what made you
- 13:15wanna share these stories publicly?
- 13:18So the book is kind of a collection
- 13:21of stories and then also some, you know,
- 13:22nonfiction information. It's
- 13:24described as an illuminating, hilarious, and practical guide
- 13:27to 99 of the most terrifying ways to
- 13:30die and how to avoid them.
- 13:31But I think the book also kind of
- 13:34takes a different perspective by looking at the
- 13:35social and historical aspects of diseases
- 13:38and covers them in a very specific way,
- 13:41everything from leprosy to serial killers, and does
- 13:43it in very succinct chapters so you can
- 13:46kinda pick it up, put it down. And
- 13:47it's written for, you know, the mentality of
- 13:50today, which is, you know, the fifteen second
- 13:52news cycle. So I tried to use all
- 13:54of the things and communication skills I've learned
- 13:56to write something that is, you know, both
- 13:59engaging, captivating,
- 14:01and really accessible.
- 14:02But I think that, people in public health
- 14:04and people in different aspects of medicine will
- 14:07also find it, you know, really interesting because
- 14:09there are those social historical aspects of the
- 14:11diseases. And, you know, there are diseases and
- 14:13things in there that we don't deal with
- 14:15a lot like leprosy.
- 14:17Mhmm. Mhmm. And, actually, for those of us
- 14:19who didn't go to medical school, I think
- 14:20the historical piece of those different conditions or
- 14:23diseases or causes of mortality,
- 14:26sometimes aren't always most top of mind for
- 14:28anyone.
- 14:29Yeah. And I think there's there's a lot
- 14:31of, historical pieces that would interest a lot
- 14:33of people and that we can learn from.
- 14:35For instance, with leprosy,
- 14:36people often don't realize that it was actually
- 14:39fairly recently that the last leprosy colony in
- 14:41The United States closed, which was in, Hawaii.
- 14:45And that, you know, these colonies created their
- 14:47own, you know, types of ledger. They had
- 14:50their own coins. They had their own because
- 14:52they were cut off from society, they basically
- 14:54created their own societies. So these were, you
- 14:56know, microcosms within,
- 14:59you know, our culture. So it was a
- 15:00very interesting subculture and and that's something that
- 15:02I talk talk about in the book and
- 15:04something that I think happens in the world
- 15:06around us that we don't even know. A
- 15:07lot of people that I've spoken to are
- 15:09like, oh, I didn't know that leprosy
- 15:11exists anymore and it exists in, you know,
- 15:13something like a 120 come countries still. So
- 15:16this is something that is still going on.
- 15:19Very much so. I'm I'm one other person
- 15:20that wasn't aware of that. So,
- 15:23thanks for expanding on that one example. And
- 15:25a big part of art, which I think
- 15:27you certainly have thoughts on it, is humor.
- 15:29And there's so much about health care and
- 15:31medicine that is just
- 15:33humorless.
- 15:34There's not much humor to be found, but
- 15:36in the ER
- 15:38is particularly there's this perspective where you you
- 15:40talk about humor as a survival tool.
- 15:43That's a a really powerful perspective.
- 15:46How do you lean on humor
- 15:48or view humor in your communications toolkit to
- 15:50really help
- 15:52both you, but also your patients in these
- 15:54high stress situations? And then, also, is it
- 15:57a tool when you're educating
- 15:58people about serious health topics?
- 16:01Yeah. I think that's a really,
- 16:03good way to think about it, is that
- 16:04humor can be something that you use,
- 16:07as a tool to educate.
- 16:08And I think that it's a really important
- 16:11tool because it's very, you know, difficult when
- 16:13your fight or flight kicks in and you're
- 16:16pumping adrenaline
- 16:17through your veins and arteries to learn something.
- 16:20It's difficult to do simple math at that
- 16:22time, let alone, you know, learn about a
- 16:24new complicated disease process that could be killing
- 16:26you.
- 16:27So I often use humor in my own
- 16:29life to deal with those types of situations.
- 16:31And for patients, I really follow their lead.
- 16:34So I use what works for them. But
- 16:35in the emergency department, when everything
- 16:38feels like it's on fire in the world
- 16:39around you and we're just trying to get
- 16:41through things together, I found that a lot
- 16:43of my patients kind of approach
- 16:46some things, you know, some some types of
- 16:48emergencies with humor. I mean, patients,
- 16:51they're brave and thoughtful and often funny and
- 16:53it's not unfrequent that patients will tell me,
- 16:55you know, jokes and sometimes they're not very
- 16:57good, but I appreciate it anyways,
- 17:00because it's a thought that counts. But also,
- 17:02it's it's a coping mechanism that we and
- 17:04the emergency department really
- 17:06relate to, you know. And Mhmm. A lot
- 17:08of times, you know, not every emergency is
- 17:10a heart attack or a stroke or, you
- 17:14know, an aortic dissection or something where we're
- 17:16like, okay, there's no time for there's no
- 17:18time for talking, let alone jokes. But, you
- 17:21know, there are people who come in with
- 17:22terminal diseases or chronic pain or diagnoses that
- 17:25we just cannot figure out and medicine hasn't
- 17:28given them answers yet. And sometimes
- 17:30on on really bad days, humor is all
- 17:32these people have. You know, so it depends
- 17:35on the patient, obviously.
- 17:36But if, you know, if we get lucky
- 17:38and we both find something
- 17:40funny or ironic or whatever it is, I
- 17:43often find myself laughing with patients,
- 17:45about hard things that sometimes we just can't
- 17:48fix.
- 17:48Yeah. And it's it's such a a powerful
- 17:51way to connect with people, especially if there's,
- 17:53you know, power differentials or, you know, you're
- 17:56in one position,
- 17:58as a physician and they're obviously not. So
- 18:00I think there's just a lot of connective
- 18:02tissue can be built through humor too, it
- 18:04sounds like. And and finally, as we wind
- 18:06down here, I I wanted to think about
- 18:08the physicians
- 18:10and young physicians who are listening, doctor Elker.
- 18:13They might hear you about all these creative
- 18:16and communication
- 18:17focused pursuits
- 18:18in addition to your background in medicine and
- 18:20your practice in medicine and be interested in
- 18:23getting involved, whether it's writing, media, advising.
- 18:26What guidance would you share with them about
- 18:29using storytelling as a way to to further
- 18:31trust and then maybe even, you know, save
- 18:34lives beyond
- 18:35hospital walls? And any firsthand lessons you could
- 18:38share with listeners who listening to what you're
- 18:41saying and they're very inspired and considering similar
- 18:43pursuits?
- 18:45Yeah. Of course. I you know, there's there's
- 18:48a million opportunities out there, obviously. There's always
- 18:50opportunities to write,
- 18:52online, get involved, op eds.
- 18:55There are many programs if you're, you know,
- 18:57just starting out and you don't feel like
- 18:58you have the skills. There's communication programs specifically
- 19:01for physicians that sometimes
- 19:03at schools of public health now. So there
- 19:05there are educational opportunities. And then for those
- 19:08that feel like they're ready, there's a lot
- 19:09of opportunities to become kind of a a
- 19:12voice in public health in your community.
- 19:15And then additionally,
- 19:16mymeaningfulmedia.org,
- 19:19you can always go to my website online
- 19:21for my nonprofit and sign up there, and
- 19:23I will try and connect you with anybody
- 19:25who writes in who's looking for somebody in
- 19:27your specialty and field.
- 19:29And then what you do with that, is
- 19:30kind of up to you and and, you
- 19:32know, the creator you're connected to. And then,
- 19:35you know, just try it. Try storytelling. You
- 19:37never know,
- 19:39you know, what lives you might save with
- 19:41the information
- 19:42that you have, even with your patients
- 19:45on the day to day. I sometimes use
- 19:47analogies and stories
- 19:49to teach my patients,
- 19:51because it's kinda like you said, it can
- 19:53be an equalizing thing. It it shows that
- 19:55you understand,
- 19:57you know, the areas that might be more
- 19:58difficult for them to understand. And and it
- 20:00might even let them
- 20:02share different things with you and kind of
- 20:04make different connections and open up about things
- 20:06that they might not understand. So it doesn't
- 20:08have to be done in a way that's
- 20:11as public as, you know, working for television
- 20:13or writing an article or doing a podcast.
- 20:16It can it can be something that you
- 20:18use in your day to day with your
- 20:19patients.
- 20:20Mhmm. Mhmm.
- 20:21Excellent. Well, doctor Ashley Alker, again, listeners, doctor
- 20:24Alker is emergency medicine physician and author. The
- 20:27book is 99 ways to die and the
- 20:29nonprofit organization
- 20:31Advising
- 20:32Creators is Meaningful Media. Doctor Alker, thank you
- 20:35so much for being our guest on the
- 20:36Becker's Healthcare podcast.
- 20:38A lot of interesting work you're heading up,
- 20:40and I I wish you continued success.
- 20:42Thank you so much, and I hope that,
- 20:44people get out there to check out the
- 20:46book, and I hope they really enjoy it.