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017 - Skaldskaparmal 61-74 · Prose Edda

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  Speaker 1: Skalds Caparmal, section sixty one to seventy four of the
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  Speaker 1: prose Edda by Snorri Sturlussen, translated by Arthur Gilchrist Brodeur
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  Speaker 1: eighteen eighty eight to nineteen seventy one. This Librivokt recording
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  Speaker 1: is in the public domain recording by expatriate in Bangor, Maine,
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  Speaker 1: section sixty one. What are the names of fire? Even
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  Speaker 1: as is written here, not seldom does the fire blaze
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  Speaker 1: which Magnus sets The stalwart ruler burns habitations, houses blow
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  Speaker 1: reek before him glow as Vulgard sang fierce glow with
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  Speaker 1: red hot embers swiftly from the soot flared straight o'er.
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  Speaker 1: The tottering dwellings stood up the dense smoke columns bail
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  Speaker 1: as here hockey was burned on bail where the seas
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  Speaker 1: broad wake weltered gleads, as Grannie sang. I think the
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  Speaker 1: gleads diminished Glommy's tracks. Thus the king kindled embers, as
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  Speaker 1: Atli sang with blood, the axes reddened, Ember's wax burned.
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  Speaker 1: Many houses, hulls stand aglow. Now rages the gem good
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  Speaker 1: men are falling. Here fire is called gem. Also vapor
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  Speaker 1: as here half built by the Nyd's side, burned the
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  Speaker 1: all rulers dwellings. I think fire raised the hull's pride.
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  Speaker 1: Vapor shot rhyme on the people. Hot ashes, as Arnor sang,
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  Speaker 1: the isle Danes wrathful harmer, with the rou mars spared
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  Speaker 1: not hard council. Hot ashes made them calmer. The Hynear's
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  Speaker 1: threatening words hushed flames, as Einar sang. Flames soon was
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  Speaker 1: a light and swiftly took flight all Heasing's host. The
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  Speaker 1: fight they lost flare as Vulgard sang the sturdy king's
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  Speaker 1: bright flare sword above the castle's bulwark. The Vikings burst
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  Speaker 1: in grimly grief on the maid descended lo as Haldor sang,
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  Speaker 1: there did ye share their jewels? While o'er the host
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  Speaker 1: the shields low, the sword shrieked fiercely. Never wert thou
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  Speaker 1: spoiled of conquest. Section sixty two. These are the time
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  Speaker 1: names cycle days of yore generation langzine year, season, winter, summer, spring, autumn, month, week, day, night, morning, eve, twilight,
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  Speaker 1: early soon, late betimes, day before yesterday, yester eve, yesterday,
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  Speaker 1: tomorrow our moment. These are more names of night in
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  Speaker 1: osvinsmal night is called among men and among the gods
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  Speaker 1: miss time, hooded hour. The holy powers know it sorrowleus.
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  Speaker 1: The giants and elves name it sleep joy. The dwarfs
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  Speaker 1: call it dream weaver. It is autumn from the equinox
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  Speaker 1: till the time when the sun sets three hours and
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  Speaker 1: a half afternoon. Then winter endures till the equinox. Then
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  Speaker 1: it is spring till the moving days, then summer till
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  Speaker 1: the equinox. The month next before winter is called harvest month.
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  Speaker 1: The first in winter is the month of cattle slaughter,
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  Speaker 1: then freezing month and rain month, then the month of
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  Speaker 1: winter's wane, then goee, then single month and cuckoo month.
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  Speaker 1: In seed time, then egg time and lamb weaning time.
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  Speaker 1: Then comes sun month, in pasture month, then haying season,
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  Speaker 1: then reaping month. Section sixty three. What are the simple
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  Speaker 1: terms for men? Each in himself is man. The first
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  Speaker 1: and highest name by which man is called is Emperor,
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  Speaker 1: next to that king, the next there too earl. These
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  Speaker 1: three men possess in common, and all the following titles
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  Speaker 1: all ruler. As this song showeth, I know all all
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  Speaker 1: rulers east and south. O'er the ship's seat Swine's son
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  Speaker 1: in proof is better than any other war prince. Here
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  Speaker 1: he is called war prince. Also for this reason he
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  Speaker 1: is called all ruler, that he is sole ruler of
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  Speaker 1: all his realm. Host arrayer as Gizur Sang. The host
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  Speaker 1: arrayer feedeth the wolf and the raven in folkmote olafford
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  Speaker 1: gladdens and schougul's sharp showers of battle the geese of Odin.
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  Speaker 1: A king is called host arrare because he divides his
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  Speaker 1: war host into companies. Leader as o Tar, the swarthy sang.
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  Speaker 1: The leader taketh Odin's loved wife, the lordless land his
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  Speaker 1: a warrior's life. Lord or lording as Arnor Sang, Lord
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  Speaker 1: of Hautland, highest of heroes, gained the victory in every
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  Speaker 1: thunderous sword clash. The bard will extol his glory. An
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  Speaker 1: earl is called host duke, and a king also is
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  Speaker 1: so termed forasmuch as he leads his host to battle.
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  Speaker 1: Thus sang till daufer. He who put to shame the
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  Speaker 1: host duke thrust out the eyes of prisoners, He who
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  Speaker 1: speeds the sacrifices in song I chant his praises signore
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  Speaker 1: or senor as sagvat sang o Norway's gracious signor grant
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  Speaker 1: the wretched, as the happy may now enjoy thy wise laws.
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  Speaker 1: Give greatly hold thy word. Munificent one, as Marcus sang,
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  Speaker 1: the munificent Prince brought fire's destruction, or the base people
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  Speaker 1: to the pirates. Death was fated, thief, compeller south at
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  Speaker 1: yom high as flame glow kindle, illustrious one, as Halvarder sang,
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  Speaker 1: No illustrious one nearer I under earth hazel liveth than
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  Speaker 1: thou o monks Upholder, the gold minister Danes protecteth land
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  Speaker 1: driver as til Daupher sang, the guileless land driver sprinkles
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  Speaker 1: crockies gleaming barley, as was written before. He is called
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  Speaker 1: so because he drives his host about the lands of
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  Speaker 1: other kings, or drives a host out of his own land.
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  Speaker 1: Section sixty four. There was a king named Halfdan the Old,
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  Speaker 1: who was most famous of all kings. He made a
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  Speaker 1: great sacrificial feast at midwinter, and sacrificed to this end
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  Speaker 1: that he might live three hundred years in his kingdom.
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  Speaker 1: But he received these answers, he should not live more
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  Speaker 1: than the full life of a man, but for three
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  Speaker 1: hundred years, there should be no woman and no man
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  Speaker 1: in his line who was not of great repute. He
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  Speaker 1: was a great warrior and went on forays far and
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  Speaker 1: wide in the eastern regions. There he slew in single
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  Speaker 1: combat the king, who was called sig Trigger. Then he
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  Speaker 1: took in marriage that woman named Alvig, the wise daughter
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  Speaker 1: of King amunder of hum Gard. They had eighteen sons,
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  Speaker 1: nine born at one birth. These were their names. The
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  Speaker 1: first Thengil, who was called Mana Theengil, the second Rieser,
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  Speaker 1: the third Grommer, the fourth Gilpi, the fifth Hilmer, the
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  Speaker 1: sixth Euphur, the seventh Tigi, the eighth Skili or Sculi,
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  Speaker 1: the ninth Hari or Hera. These nine brothers became so
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  Speaker 1: famous in Foriging that in all records since their names
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  Speaker 1: are used as titles of rank, even as the name
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  Speaker 1: of king or that of earl. They had no children,
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  Speaker 1: and all fell in battle. Thus sang o Tar the
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  Speaker 1: swarthy in his youth stalwart Theengil was swift in staunch
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  Speaker 1: in battle. I pray his line in dorith or all
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  Speaker 1: men I esteem him. Thus sang Marcus the Reeser let
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  Speaker 1: the Rhine's sun shimmer from the reddened skull's ship on
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  Speaker 1: the sea fells. Thus sang Eegiel the grommer. The hood
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  Speaker 1: Hath lifted from the hair fenced brows of the singer.
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  Speaker 1: Thus sang ivinder he played with the land folk who
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  Speaker 1: should have defended guilfy the gladsom stood neath the gold helmet.
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  Speaker 1: Thus sang gloomer gyrisen hilmere beneath the helmet reddened, the
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  Speaker 1: sword hone hollowed. Thus sang o tar the swarthy. Let
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  Speaker 1: euphur hear the beginning of his loud. All the King's
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  Speaker 1: praises shall be maintained, and justly let him mark my
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  Speaker 1: praise song's measures as Stuffor sang the glory ardent tiggy
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  Speaker 1: south before Niz, with two hands, beat down the band
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  Speaker 1: of heroes glad beneath their shields. The host went. Thus
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  Speaker 1: sang halfreder from Skili, I am parted this age of swords.
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  Speaker 1: Hath caused. It tis greatest of all self mockings to
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  Speaker 1: hope that the King's guard cometh, Thus saying Marcus, I
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  Speaker 1: bid the hawklike Danish hurry hark to my cunning webb
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  Speaker 1: of praises. Halfdan and his wife had nine other sons.
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  Speaker 1: Also these were Hilder, from whom the Hildings are come, Nephir,
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  Speaker 1: from whom the Niflungs Sprang Audi, from whom the oud
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  Speaker 1: Lungs are come, Ingvi, from whom the Inglings are descended, Dagger,
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  Speaker 1: from whom come the Duglings, Bragi, from whom the Bragnings
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  Speaker 1: are sprung. That is the race of Halfdan, the munificent Bodli,
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  Speaker 1: from whom the Budlungs are come. From the house of
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  Speaker 1: the Boodluns Atli and Brynhilder descended. The eighth was Lofti,
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  Speaker 1: who was a great war king. That host who were
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  Speaker 1: called Lofdar followed him. His kindred are called Loftung. Whence
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  Speaker 1: sprang Alimi Sigurdur Fafnisbani's mother's sire, the ninth Zigar whence
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  Speaker 1: comes to Ziklings. That is the house of zig who
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  Speaker 1: was son in law of full Sunger and the house
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  Speaker 1: of Cigar who hanged Hugbardr from the race of Hilding
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  Speaker 1: Sprang Haraldr, the red bearded mother's father of Halfdan. The
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  Speaker 1: Swarthy of the Niflung's house was Giuki of the house
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  Speaker 1: of Udling's Kiar of the House of the Eelfings was
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  Speaker 1: Irika the wise in speech. These also are illustrious royal
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  Speaker 1: houses from Ingvi. The Inglings are descended from Skulder in Denmark,
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  Speaker 1: the Skuldungs are come from full Sunger in the land
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  Speaker 1: of Franks, those who are called Fulsung's one war king
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  Speaker 1: was named Skelfhir, and his house is called the House
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  Speaker 1: of Skilfings. His kindred is in the eastern region. These houses,
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  Speaker 1: which were named but now have been used in Scaldship
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  Speaker 1: for titles of rank. Even as Einar Sang I learned
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  Speaker 1: that the Hilding's sally to hold the spear assembly on
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  Speaker 1: the gray Isle, the broad shields green Lindens burst in
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  Speaker 1: sunder as Grannie sang the Dugling to Eagle's kindred for
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  Speaker 1: drink gave Danish blood as Gombli Naiva Darskald sang. Not
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  Speaker 1: long since the young Oudling, which ship's deck and with
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  Speaker 1: sword blade, joined battle, waging fiercely of points the bitter
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  Speaker 1: tempest as Jorun sang, the Brogning bade the weapons be
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  Speaker 1: dyed in blood of vile folk. The people endured his
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  Speaker 1: anger houses bowed before red embers. Thus sang Einar the
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  Speaker 1: Boodlung's blade sheared blood on darts, was smeared the storm
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  Speaker 1: cloud of hilder At whitby spilled. Thus sang are nor
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  Speaker 1: the kin of sicklings in eureth to the waves the
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  Speaker 1: ship's sea, tossing with blood, he dies the warships within
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  Speaker 1: tis the wheel of ravens as till Dophar sang. Thus
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  Speaker 1: the doughty sekling ended his life in dire straits. Were
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  Speaker 1: we the glorious loaf Doung waited bravely cerces of living.
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  Speaker 1: The folk who were called Lofdar followed King Lofti as
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  Speaker 1: arnor Sang chief. Another skul doong higher than thou shalt
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  Speaker 1: never be born neath Sun's light. Usung as torquel Hammarskald Sang,
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  Speaker 1: the kin of Volsung's gave counsel to send me the
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  Speaker 1: gold decked weapon or the cool waters Ingling as o Tar,
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  Speaker 1: the swarthy sang in the east, no mighty engling to
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  Speaker 1: earth fell ere o'ertook thee he who subjected to him
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  Speaker 1: the sea isles from the word ingvy, that too is
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  Speaker 1: a king's title. As Marcus sang. The age shall hear
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  Speaker 1: the praise of Irikir. None in the world a prince
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  Speaker 1: hath known of Lordlier. Thou holdest envy the seat of
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  Speaker 1: kings with long kept glory. Skielfing as Vulgard sang, The
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  Speaker 1: Skielfing kept a great host southward in the broad lands,
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  Speaker 1: where the swift ships shivered Cicily soon was desolated. Signor
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  Speaker 1: as Sigvat sang oh Norway's gracious signor let the poor
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  Speaker 1: enjoy give greatly. Section sixty five. Skalds are called bards,
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  Speaker 1: and in skuldship it is correct to call any man
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  Speaker 1: so whom one will. Those men who served King Hulfer
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  Speaker 1: were called champions, and from their name, warriors are called champions,
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  Speaker 1: and it is correct to call all men so in
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  Speaker 1: skuldship men called lofdar. Also, as is written above, those
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  Speaker 1: men are called Scottner who serve the king named Scati
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  Speaker 1: the Munificent, from his name. Everyone who is munificent is
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  Speaker 1: called Scati. They who follow Broggy the Old were called Brognar.
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  Speaker 1: They who assess the transaction of men are called taxers.
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  Speaker 1: Feardar and fiar are they called who defend the land.
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  Speaker 1: Vikings and fleetmen form a ship army. They who followed
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  Speaker 1: King Baymuni were called baimar. Captains of companies are called grooms,
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  Speaker 1: even as he is called who carries home a bride.
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  Speaker 1: The Goths are named after that king who is called Goatie,
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  Speaker 1: from whom Goatland is named. He was so called after
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  Speaker 1: Odin's name, derived from the name Gouter for Goutland or
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  Speaker 1: Goatland was named after Odin's name, and Sweden from the
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  Speaker 1: name of Sphedor, which is also a title of Odins.
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  Speaker 1: At that time, all the mainland which he possessed with
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  Speaker 1: called ride Gotelund. In all the islands I gotelund that
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  Speaker 1: is now called the realm of Danes or of Swedes.
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  Speaker 1: Young men, not householders, are called drengs while they are
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  Speaker 1: acquiring wealth and glory. Seafaring drings are they who voyage
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  Speaker 1: from land to land. King's drings are they who serve rulers.
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  Speaker 1: They also are dregs who serve wealthy men or franklins.
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  Speaker 1: Valiant and ambitious men are called drings. Warriors are also
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  Speaker 1: called champions. In troops, these are soldiers. Freeholders are called
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  Speaker 1: thanes and yeomen. Those men who go about reconciling men
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  Speaker 1: are called day men. These men are they who are
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  Speaker 1: called champions, kemps, men of war, brave men, valiant men,
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  Speaker 1: hardy men, over powerers, heroes over Against these are the
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  Speaker 1: following terms soft, weak, unleavened, leavenless, melting one, sheath, cowards, skulker, weakling, qualmish, catiff, scamp,
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  Speaker 1: vile one, dog, lout, feeble one, poultry one, imbecile, bungler,
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  Speaker 1: son of wretchedness. A good man of his hands is
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  Speaker 1: called munificent, illustrious, towerer, mighty towerer, towering, gold giver, prince
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  Speaker 1: of men, wealthy one, prosperous, heaper, up of riches, mighty men, chieftain.
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  Speaker 1: In contrast to these are they who are called niggard, miser, calculator,
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  Speaker 1: wretched one, wealth hiding, gift, tardy one. A man wise
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  Speaker 1: in council is called wielder of council. A witless man
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  Speaker 1: is called clown, oaf, gander, dupe, bore, idiot, dolt, fool, madman, maniac, moonstruck.
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  Speaker 1: One who thinks much of dress is called gaudy, drang
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  Speaker 1: glittering one, careful of attire tricked out. A noisy fellow
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  Speaker 1: is called shark's skin, braggart, sheath cleaner, fauner, brawler good
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  Speaker 1: for naught worthless one common folk are called country folk
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  Speaker 1: or people. A throll is called kept man, serf, laborer, servant.
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  Speaker 1: Section sixty six. Each one singly is called men tis twain.
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  Speaker 1: If they are two, three are a thorp. Four are
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  Speaker 1: a group. A band is five men. If there are six,
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  Speaker 1: it is a squad. Seven complete a crew. Eight men
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  Speaker 1: make a panel. Nine are good fellows. Ten are a gang.
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  Speaker 1: Eleven form an embassy. It is a dozen of twelve
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  Speaker 1: go together. Thirteen are a crowd. Fourteen are an expedition.
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  Speaker 1: It is a gathering. When fifteen meet, sixteen make a garrison.
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  Speaker 1: Seventeen are a congregation. To him who meets eighteen, they
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  Speaker 1: seem enemies enough. He who has nineteen men has a company.
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  Speaker 1: Twenty men are a posse, thirty are a squadron, forty
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  Speaker 1: a community, fifty are a shire, sixty are an assembly,
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  Speaker 1: seventy are a line. Eighty are a people. One hundred
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  Speaker 1: is a host section sixty seven. Beside these, there are
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  Speaker 1: those terms which men prefix to the names of men.
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  Speaker 1: We call such terms epithets of possession or true terms,
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  Speaker 1: or surnames. It is an epithet of possession when one
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  Speaker 1: names a thing by its true name, and calls him
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  Speaker 1: whom one desires to paraphrase owner of that thing, or
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  Speaker 1: father or grandfather of that which was named. Grandsire is
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  Speaker 1: a third epithet. Moreover, a son is also called air heretter, bairn, child,
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  Speaker 1: and boy inheritor. A blood kinsman is called brother twin
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  Speaker 1: Germaine consanguine. A relation is also called nephew, kinsman, kin, kith, friend, kinstave, descendant, family,
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  Speaker 1: prop family, stem kin, branch, family, bow offshoot, offspring, head tree, scion.
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  Speaker 1: Kinsmen by marriage are further called sib folk minglers of blood.
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  Speaker 1: A friend is called councilmate, council giver, adviser, secret sharer, converser,
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  Speaker 1: bench fellow, fondling, seat mate, bench fellow also means cabin mate.
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  Speaker 1: A foe is called adversary, shooter against one, hater, attacker, scather, slayer,
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  Speaker 1: hard presser, pursuer, overbearer. These terms we call epithets of possession,
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  Speaker 1: and so also, if a man is known by his
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  Speaker 1: dwelling or his ship which has a name of its own,
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  Speaker 1: or by his estate, when a name of its own
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  Speaker 1: is given to it, this we call true terms. To
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  Speaker 1: call a man wise man, man of thought, wise in speech, sage,
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  Speaker 1: in council, wealth, munificent, not slack and dour, illustrious one.
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  Speaker 1: These are surnames Section sixty eight. These are simple terms
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  Speaker 1: for women in skoldship. Wife and bride and matron are
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  Speaker 1: those women who are given to a man. Those who
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  Speaker 1: walk in pomp and fine array are called dame and lady.
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  Speaker 1: They who are witty of speech are called women of wisdom.
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  Speaker 1: They who are gentle are called girls. They who are
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  Speaker 1: of high countenance are called proud and haughty ones. She
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  Speaker 1: who is of noble mind is called gentlewoman. She who
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  Speaker 1: is richest lady. She who is bashful, as young maids are,
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  Speaker 1: or those women who are modest, is called lass. The
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  Speaker 1: woman whose husband has departed from the land is called
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  Speaker 1: stay at home. That woman whose husband is slain is
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  Speaker 1: called war widow. Widow is the term for her whose
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  Speaker 1: husband has died of sickness. Maid means first every woman,
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  Speaker 1: and then carlines that are old. Then there are those
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  Speaker 1: terms for women which are libelous. One may find them
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  Speaker 1: in songs, though they be not in writing. Those women
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  Speaker 1: who have one husband in common are called concubines. A
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  Speaker 1: son's wife is termed daughter in law. The husband's mother
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  Speaker 1: is called mother in law. A woman may also be
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  Speaker 1: called mother, grandmother, great grandmother. A mother is called dam.
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  Speaker 1: Woman is further called daughter, barn and child. She is
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  Speaker 1: also called sister, lady, and maiden. Woman is also called bedfellow,
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  Speaker 1: speech mate, and secret sharer of her husband. And that
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  Speaker 1: is an epithet of possession Section sixty nine. A man's
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  Speaker 1: head is termed thus, thus should it be paraphrased, call
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  Speaker 1: it toil or burden of the neck land, of the helm,
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  Speaker 1: of the hood, and of the brain, of the hair
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  Speaker 1: and brows, of the scalp, of ears, eyes and mouth,
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  Speaker 1: sword of him dollar. And it is correct to name
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  Speaker 1: any term for sword which one desires, and to paraphrase
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  Speaker 1: it inn in terms of every one of the names
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  Speaker 1: of Heimdalar. The head in simple terms is called skull, brain, temple, crown.
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  Speaker 1: The eyes are termed vision or glance, and regard swift appraising.
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  Speaker 1: They may be so paraphrased as to call them sun
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  Speaker 1: or moon, shields and glass or jewels or stones of
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  Speaker 1: the eyelids, of the brows, the lashes, or the forehead.
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  Speaker 1: The ears are called listeners or hearing. One should paraphrase
• 22:28
  Speaker 1: them by calling them land or any earth name, or
• 22:31
  Speaker 1: mouth or canal or vision or eyes of hearing. If
• 22:35
  Speaker 1: the metaphors employed are new coined, the mouth one should
• 22:40
  Speaker 1: paraphrase by calling it land or house, of the tongue
• 22:43
  Speaker 1: or of the teeth, of words, or of the palate,
• 22:46
  Speaker 1: of the lips, or the like. And if the metaphors
• 22:49
  Speaker 1: used are not traditional, then men may call the mouth ship,
• 22:53
  Speaker 1: and the lips the planks, and the tongue or or
• 22:56
  Speaker 1: tiller of the ship. The teeth are sometimes called gravel
• 22:59
  Speaker 1: or of words, of the mouth or of the tongue.
• 23:03
  Speaker 1: The tongue is often called sword of speech or of
• 23:05
  Speaker 1: the mouth. The hair which stands on the lips is
• 23:09
  Speaker 1: called beard, mustache, or whiskers. Hair is called nap. The
• 23:13
  Speaker 1: hair of women is called tresses. Hair is termed locks.
• 23:17
  Speaker 1: One may paraphrase hair by calling it forests or by
• 23:21
  Speaker 1: some tree name. One may paraphrase it in terms of
• 23:24
  Speaker 1: the skull or brain or head, and the beard in
• 23:27
  Speaker 1: terms of chin or cheeks or throat section seventy The
• 23:33
  Speaker 1: heart is called grain sheaf. One should paraphrase it by
• 23:37
  Speaker 1: terming it grain or stone or apple or nut or
• 23:40
  Speaker 1: ball or the like. In figures, of the breast or
• 23:43
  Speaker 1: of feeling. Moreover, it may be called house or earth
• 23:47
  Speaker 1: or mount of feeling. One should paraphrase the breast by
• 23:51
  Speaker 1: calling it house or garth or ship of the heart,
• 23:54
  Speaker 1: of breath or of the liver, land of energy, of feeling,
• 23:58
  Speaker 1: and of memory. Feeling is affection and emotion, love, passion, desire,
• 24:04
  Speaker 1: love longing. Passion should be paraphrased by calling it wind
• 24:09
  Speaker 1: of troll women. Also, it is correct to name what
• 24:13
  Speaker 1: one soever is desired, and to name giants, paraphrasing giantesses
• 24:18
  Speaker 1: as woman or mother or daughter of the giants. Feeling
• 24:22
  Speaker 1: is also called mood, liking, eagerness, courage, activity, memory, understanding, temper, humor,
• 24:30
  Speaker 1: good faith. It is also wrath, enmity, mischievousness, grimness, balefulness, grief, sorrow,
• 24:38
  Speaker 1: ill will, spite, falseness, faithlessness, fickleness, light mindedness, baseness, hasty,
• 24:45
  Speaker 1: temper violence Section seventy one. The hand and forearm may
• 24:51
  Speaker 1: be called hand, arm, paw, palm. Parts of the armor
• 24:55
  Speaker 1: called elbow, upper arm, wolf's joint, finger grip, wrist, nail,
• 25:01
  Speaker 1: finger tip, hand edge. Quick One may turn the hand
• 25:05
  Speaker 1: earth of weapons or of defensive armor, and together with
• 25:09
  Speaker 1: shoulder and arm, the hollow of the hand in the wrist,
• 25:12
  Speaker 1: and may be called earth of gold, rings of the falcon,
• 25:15
  Speaker 1: in the hawk, and of all the equivalents thereof, and
• 25:19
  Speaker 1: in new coined metaphors, leg of the shoulder, joint, and
• 25:23
  Speaker 1: force of the bow. The legs may be called tree
• 25:26
  Speaker 1: of the soles, of the insteps of the ankles, or
• 25:29
  Speaker 1: the like running shaft, of the road, or of the way,
• 25:32
  Speaker 1: or the pace. One may call the leg, tree or post.
• 25:35
  Speaker 1: Of all these. The legs are periphrased in metaphors of snow, shoes, shoes,
• 25:41
  Speaker 1: and breeks. The parts of the legs are called thigh, knee, calf,
• 25:46
  Speaker 1: lower leg, upper leg, in step, arch, sole toe. One
• 25:51
  Speaker 1: may periphrase the leg in terms of all these, calling
• 25:55
  Speaker 1: it tree, masted, and yard thereof, and in metaphors of
• 25:59
  Speaker 1: them all. Section seventy two. Speech is called words, language, eloquence, talk, tale, gibing, controversy, song, spell, recital,
• 26:12
  Speaker 1: idle talk, babbling, din chatter, squalling, merry, noise, wrangling, mocking, quarreling, wishwash, boasting, tittle, tattle, nonsense,
• 26:23
  Speaker 1: idiom vanity, gabbling. It is also termed voice, sound, resonance, articulation, wailing, shriek, dash, crash, alarm, roaring, creaking, swoop, swooping, outburst.
• 26:39
  Speaker 1: Section seventy three. Understanding is called wisdom, council, discernment, memory, speculation, intelligence, arithmetic, foresight, craft,
• 26:50
  Speaker 1: word wit, pre eminence. It is called subtlety, wildliness, falsehood, fickleness.
• 26:58
  Speaker 1: Section seventy four. Expression is of two kinds, that which
• 27:03
  Speaker 1: is called voice and that which is called manners. Manners
• 27:07
  Speaker 1: is also temper Rythe also has double meaning. Rythe is
• 27:12
  Speaker 1: the ill humor of a man, and wrythe is also
• 27:15
  Speaker 1: the rigging of a ship or the driving gear of
• 27:18
  Speaker 1: a horse. Far also has double meaning. Far signifies wrath,
• 27:24
  Speaker 1: and far signifies a ship. Men have made frequent use
• 27:29
  Speaker 1: of such ambiguous expressions as these, and this practice is
• 27:33
  Speaker 1: called punning. Lith is that part of a man where
• 27:37
  Speaker 1: bones meet. Lith is a word for ship. Live means people.
• 27:42
  Speaker 1: When a man renders another assistance, his aid is live.
• 27:46
  Speaker 1: Live signifies ale, Clive signifies the gait in a garth.
• 27:52
  Speaker 1: Thither men call an ox, and clive signifies a slope.
• 27:57
  Speaker 1: One may make such use of these distinct meanings in
• 28:00
  Speaker 1: skuldship as to make a pun that is hard to interpret.
• 28:04
  Speaker 1: Provided one employ other distinctions than those which are indicated
• 28:08
  Speaker 1: by the half lines which precede these cases, are there
• 28:12
  Speaker 1: and many others in which diverse things have the same
• 28:15
  Speaker 1: name in common. End of Section seventy four, Recording by
• 28:22
  Speaker 1: expatriate in Bangor, Maine. End of the prose Edda by
• 28:27
  Speaker 1: Snorri Sturlisen, translated by Arthur Gilchrist Brodeur eighteen eighty eight
• 28:33
  Speaker 1: to nineteen seventy one.