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Traditions of Love (Advanced Program) · Spotlight English: Advanced

• 0:03
  Speaker 1: Welcome to Spotlight Advanced. I'm Megan no Lett.
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  Speaker 2: And I'm Andrew Davis. Spotlight uses a special English method
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  Speaker 2: of broadcasting. It is easier for people to understand no
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  Speaker 2: matter where in the world they live.
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  Speaker 1: Do you know how your parents first met? Do you
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  Speaker 1: know what happened before they got married? What did your
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  Speaker 1: grandparents do to get to know each other before they
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  Speaker 1: got married? How have you looked for a husband or wife?
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  Speaker 1: Today's spotlight is on courtship the many different ways men
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  Speaker 1: and women find a husband or wife.
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  Speaker 2: Courtship is an name for the process of finding and
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  Speaker 2: getting to know someone that you will marry. Today, many
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  Speaker 2: people do this through dating, but not in every culture.
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  Speaker 2: Courtship happens differently in cultures around the world, and courtship
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  Speaker 2: today often is very different from courtship hundreds of years ago.
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  Speaker 2: Let's look at some of the different ways people find love.
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  Speaker 1: In ancient times, many marriages started when men from one
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  Speaker 1: group or tribe would steal a woman from another tribe.
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  Speaker 1: The woman would then be forced to become the man's wife.
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  Speaker 1: She would become a part of her new tribe. Family
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  Speaker 1: and community are often important in finding a husband or
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  Speaker 1: a wife. For royal families, this choice can also affect
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  Speaker 1: a whole country. Often these marriages are arranged, that is,
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  Speaker 1: other people helped to choose the husband or wife, or
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  Speaker 1: others even force a particular choice.
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  Speaker 2: Arranged marriages were common through history among royal families as
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  Speaker 2: a way to bring security to a country. One example
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  Speaker 2: of this is Queen Maria Theresa of Austria. She had
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  Speaker 2: thirteen sons and daughters. She used her children as a
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  Speaker 2: way to help her country avoid wars. The Queen forced
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  Speaker 2: her children to marry dukes and duchesses from other countries.
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  Speaker 2: By the end of her life, Maria had children who
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  Speaker 2: were part of the royal families of Spain, France, Netherlands
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  Speaker 2: and Italy.
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  Speaker 1: Arranged marriages do not just happen among rich and powerful people,
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  Speaker 1: and they are often a way for parents to love
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  Speaker 1: and care for their children. This kind of marriage is
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  Speaker 1: common in many cultures.
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  Speaker 2: In some parts of Pakistan, families follow a courtship tradition
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  Speaker 2: called pate leiki. In the Urbdu language, pate means written
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  Speaker 2: leiki means stomach, so pate leiki means written on the stomach.
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  Speaker 2: Two families agree to marry their children before they are
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  Speaker 2: born or when they are very young. The marriage then
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  Speaker 2: happens when the children are young adults. The children must
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  Speaker 2: follow the wishes of their families. They are not permitted
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  Speaker 2: to decide whom they will marry, but recently courts in
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  Speaker 2: Pakistan have tried to fight this tradition.
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  Speaker 1: There is also a form of arranged marriage in Japan.
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  Speaker 1: There this process is called miyai. Parents will choose a
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  Speaker 1: boy for their daughter to meet. Sometimes the family will
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  Speaker 1: hire a nakodo or go between a person who knows
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  Speaker 1: many young people in the community. This nakodo will then
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  Speaker 1: choose two available people. The man and women look at
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  Speaker 1: pictures of each other and then decide to meet. The
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  Speaker 1: families and the son and daughter all attend this first meeting.
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  Speaker 1: If the meeting goes well, then the couple may meet
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  Speaker 1: again and someday get married. But if a marriage is
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  Speaker 1: not arranged, how do two people find each other for marriage?
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  Speaker 1: There are many other traditions that help people meet each other.
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  Speaker 2: Meeting in public places is a common custom for courtship.
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  Speaker 2: In the village of Crosscombe in England, young men and
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  Speaker 2: women had an interesting courting tradition in the fourteen hundreds.
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  Speaker 2: The young, unmarried women in the village would block the
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  Speaker 2: village streets. They would make all the the unmarried men
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  Speaker 2: pay a fine to pass through. The next day, the
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  Speaker 2: unmarried men would block the street and the women would
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  Speaker 2: have to pay. All the money collected went to the
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  Speaker 2: local church, and the young men and women got to
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  Speaker 2: know each other a little better.
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  Speaker 1: A newer form of courtship is called speed dating. The
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  Speaker 1: idea started in Beverly Hills, California, in nineteen eighty eight.
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  Speaker 1: Here is how speed dating works. Many men and women
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  Speaker 1: gather together at a restaurant or bar. A speed dating
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  Speaker 1: leader tells the people what to do. Each man finds
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  Speaker 1: a woman to talk with and they sit down at
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  Speaker 1: a table. The man and woman talk and ask questions
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  Speaker 1: to quickly learn about the other person. After about five minutes,
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  Speaker 1: the speed dating leader rings a bell. Everyone must find
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  Speaker 1: a new person to talk with.
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  Speaker 2: The men and women talk to many people throughout the night.
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  Speaker 2: If a man enjoys talking to one particular woman, he
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  Speaker 2: writes her name down. The women do the same thing.
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  Speaker 2: At the end of the night, everyone gives their names
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  Speaker 2: to the speed dating leader. If a man and woman
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  Speaker 2: wrote each other's names, they are a match. The speed
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  Speaker 2: dating leader gives them the phone number or email address
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  Speaker 2: of their match.
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  Speaker 1: Speed dating may seem like a foolish way to meet people.
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  Speaker 1: How much can you really learn about a person in
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  Speaker 1: just five minutes, But many experts say that some of
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  Speaker 1: the most important opinions you make about someone happen within
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  Speaker 1: the first thirty seconds. Speed dating is quick courtship.
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  Speaker 2: Courtship traditions in the Philippines are not quick like this. Instead,
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  Speaker 2: in many different parts, the man and the woman slowly
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  Speaker 2: show interest in each other. When the interest is confirmed,
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  Speaker 2: they begin to go on dates. But in different areas
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  Speaker 2: of the country, there are other traditions too. In the
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  Speaker 2: Palawan region, men perform courtship through the use of love riddles.
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  Speaker 2: A riddle is a question that must be solved. Riddles
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  Speaker 2: often have hidden meanings. The parents of the girl ask
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  Speaker 2: the man and his parents riddles to learn more about them.
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  Speaker 1: In the Pungasanan region of the Philippines, the man makes tagaama,
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  Speaker 1: a liquid love potion. He gives this to the woman,
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  Speaker 1: hoping she will drink the tagaama or use it as
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  Speaker 1: a perfume and fall in love with him. If this
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  Speaker 1: does not work, he will act out a story or
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  Speaker 1: drama to show his love for the woman. In the
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  Speaker 1: Versaiahs region, the men sing songs to the women they
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  Speaker 1: want to marry. Men also will write love letters and
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  Speaker 1: give these to a close friend to bring to the woman.
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  Speaker 1: But the man does not only write to the woman,
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  Speaker 1: he also writes to her family.
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  Speaker 2: Whatever the culture, courtship is an important part of life.
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  Speaker 2: Courtship is how we decide whom to marry. It is
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  Speaker 2: part of forming families. No matter how you find a
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  Speaker 2: husband or wife, courtship is the first part of forming
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  Speaker 2: a good marriage relationship.
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  Speaker 1: What do you think of these courtship traditions? What do
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  Speaker 1: you look for in a person who you will marry?
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  Speaker 1: What character treats build a lifelong commitment to another person?
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  Speaker 1: Share your thoughts with us. You can leave a comment
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  Speaker 1: on our website at www dot Spotlight English dot com.
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• 9:27
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  Speaker 2: The writers and producers of this program were from the
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  Speaker 2: Spotlight team. The voices you heard were from the United
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  Speaker 2: Kingdom and the United States. All quotes were adapted for
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  Speaker 2: this program and voiced by Spotlight. You can listen to
• 9:48
  Speaker 2: this program again and read it on the internet at
• 9:52
  Speaker 2: www dot Radio English dot net. This program is called
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  Speaker 2: Traditions of Love.
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  Speaker 1: We hope you will join us for the next Spotlight program. Goodbye,