Latest / Children's Hour / 1.18.25 - Part 2
Transcript
- 0:01Speaker 1: Hello, and welcome to Radioied Children's Story Hour. As a reminder,
- 0:06Radio Eye is a reading service intended for people who
- 0:09are blind or of other disabilities that make it difficult
- 0:12to read printed material. Today we will be continuing the
- 0:18book Memphis Martin and the Mountaintop the Sanitation Strike of
- 0:24nineteen sixty eight. Her book was published by Calkin's Creek,
- 0:29an imprint of Highlights, and it has a copyright year
- 0:33of twenty eighteen. The author of our story is Alice
- 0:37Faye Duncan.
- 0:40Speaker 2: Silver Rights.
- 0:42Speaker 1: I did not plainly comprehend the trouble I saw in
- 0:45nineteen sixty eight. Wisden came slowly over the mountain years.
- 0:50But when I look back now, I understand the Memphis
- 0:54struggle was an economic fight. Better wages and pay were
- 0:58a matter.
- 0:58Speaker 2: Of silver rights.
- 1:00Speaker 1: Poverty was a silver war. My daddy and his friends
- 1:05were the working poor. The men sought better wages to
- 1:08feed their families and buy decent homes, not run down
- 1:12shanties like our rented house. As public servants, sanitation workers
- 1:17deserved better pay to educate their children and give them
- 1:20a future bright with hope. This was the message Doctor
- 1:24King preached when he arrived in Memphis on March eighteenth.
- 1:28He said, all labor has dignity. Doctor King's voice was
- 1:32loud and stirring. I listened with my parents from a
- 1:35crowded church pew as the famous leader drafted a plan
- 1:39to march in Memphis with the striking men. Doctor King
- 1:43set a date for March twenty second. Daddy leaned toward
- 1:47Mama's ear. He said, we need everybody to march that day.
- 1:51Mama did not waver. She assured Daddy, I'll take off work.
- 1:56You can count on me. Then Mama pad in my
- 1:59hand and said we will take Lorraine. She can march
- 2:03with us omen yellow daffodils sixteen inches under snow. King
- 2:10canceled his march phil Street. I followed Doctor King during
- 2:16the nightly news on our black and white TV. As
- 2:19president of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference in Atlanta, Georgia,
- 2:23he cared deeply for America's working port. Doctor King set
- 2:28out to abolish poverty the very same way he had
- 2:31raised his voice to abolish racial segregation. He wanted to
- 2:35strengthen labor laws for all Americans, and to make his
- 2:39dream come true, he planned a massive march in Washington, DC.
- 2:44In the spring of nineteen sixty eight, Doctor King named
- 2:47his new crusade the Poor People's Campaign. As he traveled
- 2:52the nation to promote his plans, Doctor King drew national
- 2:56attention to the Memphis strike. He called it a small
- 2:59com inflict that presented a big American problem. From coast
- 3:03to coast, and especially in the South, public servants and
- 3:07unskilled laborers like my parents were often underpaid and reduced
- 3:12to poverty. When the strange snow cleared, Doctor King rescheduled
- 3:17his Memphis protests for March twenty eighth. Mama kept me
- 3:20home from school so I could march.
- 3:23Speaker 2: That day.
- 3:23Speaker 1: We stood together with other mothers and children at the
- 3:27back of the protest line, away from the possible danger.
- 3:31My daddy stood tall at the front of the line
- 3:33with striking workers and clergy. Like Reverend Lawson and Doctor King.
- 3:38Daddy and his friends also carried picket signs bearing four words,
- 3:43I am a man with or without a pay increase.
- 3:46They demanded Mayor Loviib's respect. Six thousand people blacks, whites,
- 3:53men and women, and children gathered in downtown Memphis. Police
- 3:58stood guard with tear gas, clubs and guns. Fifteen minutes
- 4:03into the march, there was a sound of breaking glass.
- 4:06Lures threw bricks and sticks up and down Bill Street.
- 4:09They shattered storefront windows as strikers and strike supporters scattered
- 4:14their way to safety. Police sprayed tear gas and beats
- 4:18guilty people. They beat annison people too. Bloods flattered everywhere.
- 4:23It was difficult to see, and I was separated from
- 4:26my mama. I yelled, Mama, where are you. Daddy found
- 4:30me on the curb. He scooped me up and we
- 4:33ran to a nearby church. Mama lost her hat and gloves,
- 4:36but she managed to reach us safely. Was never proven,
- 4:40but rumors said militant teenagers started the Bill Street riot.
- 4:45As for the Memphis Morning Paper, it called doctor Keena
- 4:49coward because he ran from the violence and was carted
- 4:52away safely in a stranger's passing car. The news reports
- 4:56stirred my father. He raised his fists and fume. Doctor
- 5:01Keene is a bona fide man. Mama rubbed her feet
- 5:04in sight. Sometimes bad people mess things up for the
- 5:07good people doing good trucks and tanks. Mayor Loeb issued
- 5:14a state of emergency in response to the Bill Street riot.
- 5:17He imposed a seven pm curfew and called for four
- 5:21thousand National Guard soldiers to patrol the Memphis streets and
- 5:25military trucks and tanks. The presence of soldiers restored the peace,
- 5:30but on the following day the strike seemed to have
- 5:33no end. Mayor Loeb held firmly to his anti union position,
- 5:38and workers continued to march. The sight of loaded guns
- 5:41did not send them back to work. From my bedroom window,
- 5:45I saw soldiers and big green tanks creep slowly up
- 5:49the street. I waved to my friend Jan who sat
- 5:52in her window too. Nobody played outside that day. Fear
- 5:56locked us in our houses. Dreamers don't quit when challenges arise.
- 6:03Dreamers keep on climbing. My daddy was a dreamer. Doctor
- 6:07King was a dreamer too. When the Memphis march turned
- 6:10into a riot, the disappointed leader left the city, but
- 6:14he promised to return. He promised to lead a peaceful
- 6:17march in support of the striking workers. And as doctor
- 6:21Keene made new plans to protest, death threats rattling his ears.
- 6:26Somebody wanted to kill his dream of economic freedom for
- 6:29the working poor. Threats did not stop his mountain climb.
- 6:32On April third, nineteen sixty eight, Doctor King kissed his
- 6:36wife and children. He left his Atlanta home and boarded
- 6:39a flight to Memphis. I was there on that stormy night.
- 6:43Doctor King returned. Clouds blotted out stars in the Memphis sky.
- 6:48Speaker 2: When whipped through the bending trees.
- 6:50Speaker 1: My daddy beamed with hope when he told Mama, doctor
- 6:54King is going to preach night at Mason Temple Church
- 6:58and Daddy's Blue July. We sputtered through pounding rain. We
- 7:02chugged through bursts of lighting and the shrill of tornado sirens.
- 7:07When we entered the church, apprecier named Abernathy stood at
- 7:11the microphone. Ralph Abernathy was doctor King's best friend. On
- 7:17that stormy night, he delivered terrible news. Doctor King was
- 7:21sick and resting in a motel room. Rain soaked faces grumbled.
- 7:26My daddy did not drive through sheets of rain for
- 7:29Ralph Abernathy. He came to hear Doctor King as the
- 7:33crowd listened to speeches about the strike. I slept in
- 7:36Mama's arms. Kaboom, A voice like the evening thunder shook
- 7:41me from my sleep. It was Doctor King, Like Moses
- 7:45on the mountain, he charged men, women, and children to
- 7:48make the world a promised land flowing with freedom and justice.
- 7:52Like a man preaching his own funeral, Doctor King used
- 7:55vivid words to paint the story of his life. He
- 7:59described his chain challenges and triumphs during the Civil rights movement,
- 8:03and in the face of death threats, Doctor King spoke boldly.
- 8:07He encouraged Memphis strikers and strike supporters to march, boycott,
- 8:11and raise their voices for workers' rights until victory was one.
- 8:16His voice boomed, I may not get there with you,
- 8:20but I want you to know tonight that we as
- 8:23a people will get to the promised land. The crowd
- 8:26rose up with a defending, deafening shout. My daddy yelled, Amen,
- 8:31my mama yelled, praised the Lord, and an old man hollered,
- 8:35we can't stop now. Dreamers never quit. Lorraine. My name
- 8:41is Lorraine. Like the Memphis Motel, many years have passed,
- 8:45but the building still stands. The Lorraine Motel is a
- 8:49storied shrine. Doctor King shared his last neil and rested
- 8:53there on April fourth, nineteen sixty eight. The leader spent
- 8:57his last hour on the second floor in room three
- 9:01hundred and six, where he talked with Ralph Abernathy and
- 9:05Samuel Kyles. They joked and laughed the way good friends do,
- 9:09and they spoke of plans for an evening rally with
- 9:12the striking workers. The laughter did not last for long.
- 9:16Evil showed its ugly head as James Earl Ray hunkered
- 9:20down in the open window of a boarding house per
- 9:23seventy yards from the Rain Motel. The escaped conflict convict
- 9:28pointed his wife at the room three six and waited.
- 9:32He saw his target. At one minute past six, Doctor
- 9:35King stepped on the balcony, where he greeted friends in
- 9:38the parking lot. Ray fired his gun and a bullet
- 9:41pierced the dreamer's neck. News of doctor King's assassination spread
- 9:46quickly in Washington, DC, Chicago, and Baltimore. Young people expressed
- 9:51their grief with looting and raging fires. Mayor Henry Loebb
- 9:56called for the return of the National Guard. There was
- 9:59not much looting in Memphis, but a fire burned in me.
- 10:02As I stretched across my bed and listened to radio
- 10:06station WDA. Between finger snapping hits by Wretha Franklin and
- 10:11James Brown, the black disc jockey cried for the loss
- 10:15of doctor King. I cried too when Doctor King was shot.
- 10:19I also wrote a poem in my school notebook, writing
- 10:22starveding better than breaking glass, and Mama posted my poem
- 10:27on the crumbling wall of our rented house. The King
- 10:30is Dead by Lorraine Jackson. Not long ago there lived
- 10:34a king. He did not sleep in a castle, He
- 10:38did not wear a crown. He did not rule a
- 10:40royal court or ride in chariots. The King marched in
- 10:44the streets. He lived to help the poor. He lived
- 10:48for peace and love. Hate killed the King. The King
- 10:51is dead. What will the people do? Black widow Coretta
- 10:57Scott King flew to Memphis committed to a plan. Doctor
- 11:01King had pledged to support the sanitation strike with a
- 11:05non violent march. Despite her broken heart, Missus King and
- 11:09members of SCLC helped to keep her husband's pledge.
- 11:14Speaker 2: On April eighth, nineteen sixty eight.
- 11:17Speaker 1: The memorial march served as a tribute to honor doctor
- 11:20King's life. It also reminded the mayor that workers would
- 11:24strike and continue their upper climb until justice was received.
- 11:29In a wave of forty thousand people, I marched that
- 11:32day between my mama and my daddy. Those who marched
- 11:36with us were ministers, labor leaders, political figures, entertainers, and
- 11:40everyday people from Memphis and around the nation. Nobody spoke
- 11:45a word. We raised our protest science, Honor King in racism,
- 11:51Union justice Now Missus King marched from Memphis behind a
- 11:57veil of mourning. She buried her love in Georgia, victory
- 12:03on a blue note. The Memphis sanitation strike ended on
- 12:07April sixth, nineteen sixty eight. Mayor Loeb never bargained with
- 12:12the workers. President Lyndon B. Johnson sent James Reynolds, a
- 12:16top US labor official, to negotiate a settlement. Reynolds broker
- 12:21an agreement between the sanitation workers and the Memphis City Council.
- 12:26In the final deal, the city of Memphis recognized the
- 12:30workers labor union. The men received a pay increase of
- 12:33fifteen cents an hour, and they were promised job promotions
- 12:37based on merit, not race. I remember that glad day
- 12:41the stinking strike came to an end. It was the
- 12:44Tuesday after Easter. Daddy marched protutling into the house and
- 12:48smiled at Mama and me. He picked me up, kissed
- 12:51my face, and cried in Mama's neck. Mama squeezed as
- 12:55tightly as tears filled her eyes.
- 12:58Speaker 2: So much was one? How much was lost?
- 13:01Speaker 1: Freedom is never free? Mountaintop dream big, walk, talk, be strong,
- 13:08march on, don't quit, never stop. Climb up the mountaintop.
- 13:15Our next stories are about famous like Americans, and the
- 13:22first book is called Hank Aaron Home Run Hammer. It's
- 13:28published by Learner Publications and has a copyright year of
- 13:33twenty twenty two and the author's percy leads beyond Babe.
- 13:40On April eighth, nineteen seventy four, one of baseball's greatest
- 13:44records was about to fall as the Atlanta Braves faced
- 13:47the Los Angeles Dodgers. Hank Aaron, Atlanta's star outfielder, needed
- 13:53one home run to pass Babe Bruce's career record of
- 13:56seven hundred and fourteen. The fifty three thousand, seven hundred
- 14:00and seventy five fans at Georgia's Atlanta Stadium buzzed with excitement.
- 14:06Fox at a Glance date of birth February fifth, nineteen
- 14:10thirty four, positions, right field and first base leagues, Negro
- 14:16Leagues and Major League Baseball professional highlights broke Babe Ruth's
- 14:22career home run record had seven hundred and fifty five
- 14:25career home runs. Elected to the National Baseball Hall of
- 14:29Fame in nineteen eighty two.
- 14:31Speaker 2: Personal highlights.
- 14:33Speaker 1: Grew up in Mobile, Alabama, played fast pitched softball in
- 14:37high school. Nickname Hammering Hank. Hammering Hank came to the
- 14:44bat in the fourth inning. The waist high pitch was
- 14:47just what he wanted to see. Aaron slugged the ball
- 14:50towards deep left center field. It soared over the fence
- 14:53and bounced into the Atlanta Bullpien. Aaron had just become
- 14:57baseball's new home run king. He had done what once
- 15:01seemed impossible. He hit seven hundred and fifteen home runs.
- 15:05The crowd erupted in loud cheers. After he rounded the basis.
- 15:09His parents hugged him. Aaron inflected on his achievement. At
- 15:13that moment, I knew what the past twenty five years
- 15:16of my life that had all been about, he said,
- 15:19I had done something that nobody else in the world
- 15:22had ever done. Every home run he hit right after
- 15:25this point would set a new record, one.
- 15:28Speaker 2: That belonged to him. Dreaming Big. Aaron Lewis.
- 15:33Speaker 1: Aaron was born on February fifth, nineteen thirty four in Mobile, Alabama.
- 15:38He was the third child of Herbert and Estella Aaron.
- 15:42Hank found time to play baseball whenever he could. Hank's
- 15:45high school, Central High, didn't have a baseball team. At
- 15:49the time, Alabama schools were segregated, only schools for white
- 15:53students and baseball teams. Hank dreamed of playing in the
- 15:57Major League base but his father told him that black
- 16:02people weren't allowed to play in the league. African Americans
- 16:05and other people of color who wanted to play pro
- 16:08baseball had to join the Negro leagues. Then, in nineteen
- 16:12forty seven, Jackie Robinson broke the Major League color barrier.
- 16:16He joined the Brooklyn Dodgers to become the first African
- 16:21American Major leaguer. Hank played on Central High's fast pitch
- 16:25softball team. He played several positions, including catcher and pitcher,
- 16:31and he hit a good number of home runs. Hank's
- 16:35baseball talent was obvious, but he also played football. His
- 16:38mother was upset when he quit football in high school
- 16:41to focus on baseball. She hoped Hank could earn a
- 16:45college scholarship as a football player. In nineteen fifty two,
- 16:49eighteen year old Aaron left high school, he joined the
- 16:52Indianapolis Clowns of the Negro Leagues. The young shortstop batted
- 16:58zero point four hundred and helped the Clowns win game
- 17:01after game. Major League Baseball team sent scouts to watch
- 17:05Aaron play. Suddenly, several teams were interested in Aeron. A
- 17:09bidding war broke out between the Brooklyn Dodgers and the
- 17:12Boston Braves. The New York Giants wanted him to Aaron
- 17:16decided to go with the Braves. They offered him three
- 17:19hundred and fifty a months, one hundred more than the
- 17:22Giants did. But Aaron went and't play in the major
- 17:24leagues right away. He'd have to prove himself in other
- 17:28leagues first. In nineteen fifty three, Aaron joined the Puerto
- 17:33Rican League. After seeing a strong throwing arm, Aaron's new
- 17:37coaches moved him to the outfield. He finished the season
- 17:40third in the league in batting average and tied for
- 17:43first in home runs. He even won the most Valuable
- 17:46Player award in the league All Star Game. Aaron was
- 17:50ready for the major leagues, making his mark. In the
- 17:54spring of nineteen fifty four, Aaron joined the Braves major
- 17:58League team the team had moved to Milwaukee, Wisconsin the
- 18:03year before. On April twenty third, he selegt his first
- 18:07major league home run. By the end of the season,
- 18:09he had hit twelve more. Once I got comfortable, I
- 18:13found that playing in the big leagues wasn't nearly as
- 18:16hard as getting there, Aaron said in nineteen fifty five,
- 18:21Aaron made the game look easy. A hot first half
- 18:24of the season earned him his first trip to the
- 18:27Major League All Star Game. By season in he batted
- 18:31point three one four hit twenty seven homers and one
- 18:35hundred six rbs, and was named the teams MVP Most
- 18:40Valuable Player. Aeron kept getting better. On September twenty fourth,
- 18:44nineteen fifty seven, he banged out his forty fourth home
- 18:48run of the season. The blast secured his first National
- 18:51League Home run title. He also led the league with
- 18:55one hundred thirty two RBIs. The Braves won the NL
- 18:59title and face the New York Yankees in the World Series.
- 19:03The Yankees were the clear favorites. They had already won
- 19:06seventeen World Championships. The Braves, back when they were still
- 19:11in Boston, had won just one, But Aaron and his
- 19:14crew refused to back down for New York Superstars. New
- 19:18York won the first game three to one. Aaron energized
- 19:21his team in Game two by hitting a triple. The
- 19:24Braves won four to two, but back in Milwaukee for
- 19:28Game three, despite a homer by Aaron, the Braves fell apart.
- 19:32They lost twelve to three. In Game four, Aaron smike
- 19:37the three run homer in the bottom of the fourth inning,
- 19:39when the Braves leading four to one. At the end
- 19:42of the eighth, a win seemed certain, but with two
- 19:45runners at base, Elston Howard, the first African American Yankees player,
- 19:50smikeed a home run and tied the game. The Braves
- 19:53finally won seven to five in the tenth inning. After that,
- 19:57we felt like we couldn't be beaten, said Aaron. The
- 20:00Braves took games five one in zero. In Game six,
- 20:05Aaron hit his third World Series home run, but New
- 20:08York won three to two. Game seven was all about
- 20:12the Braves. Milwaukee won five to zero. Aaron and the
- 20:16Braves were officially the best in baseball Mister three thousand.
- 20:22In nineteen fifty eight, Aaron and the Braves were eager
- 20:24for another trip to the World Series. Milwaukee became the
- 20:28National League's champions for the second year in a row.
- 20:31Aaron finished with a point three to two six average,
- 20:35thirty home runs, and ninety five RBIs. In the World Series,
- 20:39the Braves met up with the Yankees for the second
- 20:41straight year. Milwaukee won three of the first four games,
- 20:46but the Yankees came back to win the final three games.
- 20:51The early nineteen sixties were tough for the Braves. In
- 20:55nineteen sixty four, rumors spread that the team would move
- 20:57to Atlanta, Georgia. Although Aaron had a point three two
- 21:02eight average and a twenty four home run, the Braves
- 21:05were in a major slump. They finished in fifth place.
- 21:09On September twentieth, nineteen sixty five, Aaron hit his three
- 21:13hundred and ninety eighth career homer, the last ever hit
- 21:16by Milwaukee Braves player in Milwaukee. The team moved to
- 21:20Atlanta after the season. During the Braves' first home game
- 21:24in Atlanta on April twelfth, nineteen sixty six, Aaron didn't
- 21:28hit a home run but the seas, but by the
- 21:31season's end, he was the National League's top home run
- 21:34hitter forty four for the third time in his career.
- 21:38He also won his fourth RBI Crown one hundred and
- 21:41twenty seven. Aaron just kept hitting. July nineteen sixty nine,
- 21:46he rocketed his five hundred and thirty seventh home run,
- 21:49putting him third on the all time home run list.
- 21:53On May seventeenth, nineteen seventy, he made his three thousandth
- 21:58career hit. The three thousand hit Club had only eight
- 22:03other members at the time. Aaron was the first African
- 22:07player to join it. On April twenty seventh, nineteen seventy one,
- 22:11Aaron hit his six hundredth homer. He ended the season
- 22:15with forty seven blasts, his highest total ever. During the
- 22:19nineteen seventy two season, Aaron's batting average was down, but
- 22:23he kept hitting long home runs. On June tenth, he
- 22:27hit his six hundred and forty ninth homer, moving his
- 22:30past Willie Mays into second place on the all time list.
- 22:35Aaron was in position to break Ruth's records home run king.
- 22:41After the nineteen seventy two season, Aaron hosted a bowling
- 22:45tournament to raise money for sickle silinimia research. Silckle celinemia
- 22:50is a disease that mostly affects people of African scent.
- 22:54Aaron pulled together an all star guest list of sports superstars.
- 22:59It made me pray to think that I could attract
- 23:01all those great people and made me feel good to
- 23:03see them giving up their time for a worthy cause,
- 23:06Aaron said. Going into nineteen seventy three season, Aaron was
- 23:11only forty one homers away from reaching Babe Ruth's record.
- 23:15Aaron's seven hundredth homer came in a game on July
- 23:20twenty first. With all the excitement, he was constantly surrounded
- 23:24by the media. He received letters from supporters as well
- 23:27as hate mail from people who didn't want him to
- 23:30break Ruth's record. In nineteen seventy three, Aaron received nine
- 23:34hundred and thirty thousand letters, more than any other US citizen.
- 23:38On September twenty ninth, the next to last day of
- 23:41the season, he increased his home run total to seven
- 23:45hundred and thirteen. On April fourth, nineteen seventy four, forty
- 23:49year old Aaron arrived at CINCINNTI eighties river Front Stadium
- 23:54to face the Reds. In the first inning, he waked
- 23:57a homer into the left center field seats.
- 24:00Speaker 2: He had done it. He had tied Babe Ruth's record.
- 24:03Speaker 1: Hank ran around the bases with tears in his eyes.
- 24:07Speaker 2: On April eighth, bike on his home turf, Aaron was ready.
- 24:12Speaker 1: It was the season open to Ortlanta, and fans filled
- 24:14the seats to see Aaron break Ruth's record. During the
- 24:19fourth inning, his seven hundred and fifteenth home run sailed
- 24:23into baseball history. Aaron was the new home run king.
- 24:30More than thirty five million TV viewers and radio listeners
- 24:33had experienced the moment. Aarin's achievement may news around the world.
- 24:38Aaron spent the final two seasons of his career with
- 24:41the Milwaukee Brewers. On October third, nineteen seventy six, he
- 24:46played in the final major league game. He ended his
- 24:50career with seven hundred and fifty five home runs. On
- 24:53August first, nineteen eighty two, Aaron joined the Baseball Hall
- 24:57of Fame. He died in January tw Eric will always
- 25:02be linked to the sports he loves. It's the means
- 25:07I have to make a little difference in the world,
- 25:10he said. This is all that we have time for today,
- 25:14So we will conclude our Children's Story Hour. Please join
- 25:19us next time as we will read more stories, fables
- 25:22and fairy tales. Thank you for listening and please stay
- 25:25tuned for the Legs and Harrow Leader on RADIOI