Latest / Yaron Brook Show / Netanyahu & 10/7; Houtis; Trade War; AI; Parenthood; PISA; Achievements | Yaron Brook Show

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Netanyahu & 10/7; Houtis; Trade War; AI; Parenthood; PISA; Achievements | Yaron Brook Show · Yaron Brook Show

• 0:02
  Speaker 1: The radical, fundamental principles of freedom, rational self-interest, and individual rights.
• 0:14
  Speaker 1: This is the Yaron Brook Show. All right, everybody. Welcome
• 0:21
  Speaker 1: to the Yaron Brook Show on this Tuesday, September 8th.
• 0:25
  Speaker 1: It's still in Barcelona, as you can see. Hope everybody's
• 0:29
  Speaker 1: having a fantastic, fantastic week. All right, today we've got
• 0:34
  Speaker 1: a bunch of different stories. We're going to start with Israel,
• 0:39
  Speaker 1: their new allegations that Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu personally received
• 0:44
  Speaker 1: warnings before October 7th and did not distribute them to
• 0:48
  Speaker 1: security establishment. I mean, if this is true, the government
• 0:54
  Speaker 1: failed in one of the tasks of which government is,
• 0:57
  Speaker 1: this is the job of government. protected citizens. The evidence
• 1:01
  Speaker 1: seems serious, not yet definitive. He is denying it. We'll
• 1:07
  Speaker 1: talk about it some more. Across the Red Sea, the
• 1:09
  Speaker 1: Houthi missiles and drones have hit Saudi cities, oil facilities, utilities,
• 1:14
  Speaker 1: and an air base, wounding at least 73, according to
• 1:17
  Speaker 1: the Saudi authorities. Regional war is no longer just around
• 1:21
  Speaker 1: the Strait of Hormuz. It now threatens the Red Sea
• 1:26
  Speaker 1: and the Bab al-Mandeb as well. And then we'll turn
• 1:30
  Speaker 1: for the trade war where Washington and Ottawa are taxing
• 1:35
  Speaker 1: their own citizens in the name of punishing one another
• 1:41
  Speaker 1: while just punishing themselves. And yeah, we'll look at OpenAI's
• 1:50
  Speaker 1: chief scientist calling for limits on AI development. A Virginia
• 1:54
  Speaker 1: mother turned into a criminal for letting her five-year-old letting
• 2:00
  Speaker 1: her five-year-old walk through the neighborhood. And we'll end with
• 2:06
  Speaker 1: a few positive stories. You know, we've got autonomous cars
• 2:12
  Speaker 1: on London streets with a pretend driver, but it's starting.
• 2:18
  Speaker 1: It's coming to London. ASML beginning a huge new manufacturing
• 2:22
  Speaker 1: campus in the Netherlands. And we've got financing closing on
• 2:27
  Speaker 1: a restart to an to a close down, shut down
• 2:31
  Speaker 1: nuclear power plant. So, yeah, we try to end on
• 2:37
  Speaker 1: some good news. So, yes, governments fail when they evade threats.
• 2:47
  Speaker 1: And when they initiate force, when they trade tax regime,
• 2:54
  Speaker 1: engage in tax wars with one another. Yeah. What a mess.
• 3:01
  Speaker 1: But then again, Waymos are coming to London. You got
• 3:06
  Speaker 1: to look at the bright side of life, guys. All right,
• 3:09
  Speaker 1: let's start with Netanyahu. So, you know, I've suspected this,
• 3:14
  Speaker 1: and there were rumors about this, but now we have
• 3:18
  Speaker 1: two separate reports coming out now, just a month before
• 3:21
  Speaker 1: the elections in Israel, that reports that Netanyahu received high-level
• 3:27
  Speaker 1: warnings before the October 7th massacre and did nothing. They're related,
• 3:33
  Speaker 1: the two reports, but they're not the same reports. They
• 3:36
  Speaker 1: come from different sources and they describe different events. Um,
• 3:43
  Speaker 1: none of this is to say that Netanyahu knew the
• 3:46
  Speaker 1: date or the targets of the operational plan. No, none
• 3:48
  Speaker 1: of that. So let's be careful on what we assert here.
• 3:53
  Speaker 1: It is interesting that it's coming out one month before
• 3:56
  Speaker 1: the election. Um, The first allegation comes from Haaretz. Now,
• 4:01
  Speaker 1: Haaretz is the left of the New York Times publication
• 4:07
  Speaker 1: in Israel. It's about as left as it gets in
• 4:08
  Speaker 1: Israel for a major publication. It is, in many of
• 4:15
  Speaker 1: its stories, it's anti-Israel. It's certainly very, very, very anti-Netanyahu.
• 4:20
  Speaker 1: So anything against Netanyahu that comes out here has to
• 4:23
  Speaker 1: be taken with a bit of a grain of salt.
• 4:25
  Speaker 1: But suppose the This is reporting coming out of a
• 4:29
  Speaker 1: forthcoming book, and how it really makes up stuff. It's
• 4:33
  Speaker 1: usually just the interpretation that is so unbelievably biased. Anyway,
• 4:39
  Speaker 1: according to the account in this forthcoming book, the president
• 4:43
  Speaker 1: of the UAE, Mohammed bin Zayed, spoke with Netanyahu about
• 4:49
  Speaker 1: 10 days before October 7th. He alleged that Yaha Sinwa,
• 4:57
  Speaker 1: was preparing a major operation that could cause bloodshed, destabilize
• 5:02
  Speaker 1: the region, and damage the Abraham Accords. The reported warning
• 5:08
  Speaker 1: was kind of broad. It was strategic. It wasn't specific.
• 5:12
  Speaker 1: No dates, no location, no specificity. And, you know, it
• 5:18
  Speaker 1: didn't say thousands of terrorists are going to cross the border,
• 5:22
  Speaker 1: which locations they were going to attack. None of that, right?
• 5:27
  Speaker 1: According to the report, Netanyahu responded calmly to it, said
• 5:31
  Speaker 1: Israel was prepared for any scenario, and suggested that the
• 5:37
  Speaker 1: real problems were in the West Bank. Indeed, at the time,
• 5:41
  Speaker 1: Netanyahu was very much focused on the West Bank and
• 5:43
  Speaker 1: unrest in the West Bank and believed that whatever would
• 5:49
  Speaker 1: happen would happen in the West Bank. But he did
• 5:54
  Speaker 1: not alert any other security officials to this conversation. He
• 6:02
  Speaker 1: did not alert the generals. He did not, you know,
• 6:06
  Speaker 1: engage with military intelligence that had intelligence that suggested that
• 6:11
  Speaker 1: something was happening in Gaza. He did not, you know,
• 6:16
  Speaker 1: share this information with people in security forces. Of course,
• 6:21
  Speaker 1: Netanyahu's office categorically denies that the conversation ever happened. It
• 6:26
  Speaker 1: calls the report an absolute lie. So hard to tell, right?
• 6:31
  Speaker 1: The UAE has not confirmed it publicly. Haaretz has not
• 6:36
  Speaker 1: received a call log or contemporaneous memo or testimony under oath.
• 6:45
  Speaker 1: So we don't know. Former Shin Bet director Rodin Bar
• 6:52
  Speaker 1: and a former IDF chief, Herzi Halevi, both told Alex
• 7:00
  Speaker 1: that they know nothing about the alleged Emirati warning. So, again,
• 7:06
  Speaker 1: still speculative, but I think it makes sense, and I'll
• 7:11
  Speaker 1: tell you why in a few minutes. The second litigation
• 7:14
  Speaker 1: is a separate one, and this comes from the Jerusalem Post,
• 7:20
  Speaker 1: not particularly left-wing, and it reports that Ronen Bauer, the
• 7:25
  Speaker 1: former Shin Bet, Shin Bet is the internal security operation
• 7:29
  Speaker 1: of Israel, that Oren Bar met Netanyahu on October 1st,
• 7:34
  Speaker 1: six days before the attack. An unnamed security source says
• 7:40
  Speaker 1: that Bar warned that Hamas was preparing something extreme, using
• 7:47
  Speaker 1: the word earthquake and recommending killing Sinois and other senior
• 7:52
  Speaker 1: Hamas leaders. According to the report, Netanyahu did not approve
• 7:57
  Speaker 1: the proposed action. Now, that account matters. You know, that
• 8:03
  Speaker 1: account places a warning inside Israel's own security system and
• 8:09
  Speaker 1: directly in front of the prime minister. And of course,
• 8:11
  Speaker 1: we know that there was a lot of information within
• 8:15
  Speaker 1: the security system suggesting a Hamas attack. Netanyahu has claimed
• 8:22
  Speaker 1: over and over again that that information never reached him.
• 8:27
  Speaker 1: But here again, public evidence is limited. Sources are named.
• 8:32
  Speaker 1: We have no document showing exactly what Baal said and
• 8:35
  Speaker 1: what intelligence supported it or how urgent it was or
• 8:39
  Speaker 1: what alternatives were actually discussed. A recommendation to assassinate Hamas's leaders,
• 8:45
  Speaker 1: I mean, we don't even know that that recommendation actually existed.
• 8:54
  Speaker 1: So what can we conclude? There's some evidence, and it's mounting,
• 9:00
  Speaker 1: of serious strategic warnings. Obviously, Antonio didn't know what was
• 9:06
  Speaker 1: going to happen. He didn't. But he was warned that
• 9:12
  Speaker 1: something big might be happening. At least that is what
• 9:15
  Speaker 1: is being suggested. Now, everybody's, you know, Netanyahu's people are
• 9:21
  Speaker 1: going to dismiss this and poo-poo it and claim that
• 9:24
  Speaker 1: none of it happened. And of course, we haven't heard
• 9:27
  Speaker 1: directly from the Shin Bet, from Baal at the Shin Bet,
• 9:31
  Speaker 1: who is now the former Shin Bet head, about this conversation. He,
• 9:34
  Speaker 1: of course, knows what happens. It'll be interesting if he
• 9:37
  Speaker 1: ever says anything or if he says something before the election.
• 9:41
  Speaker 1: It would be good for the Israeli people to know
• 9:43
  Speaker 1: before they go out and vote. But look, Netanyahu, for
• 9:53
  Speaker 1: 15 years, for more than 15 years, before October 7th,
• 10:00
  Speaker 1: had dismissed the threat of Hamas, had not dealt with it,
• 10:06
  Speaker 1: with the constant, ongoing threat of missile launches, and always
• 10:11
  Speaker 1: the existence of a threat of an October 7th-like event,
• 10:14
  Speaker 1: never dealt with it appropriately, believed, and I think seriously believed,
• 10:20
  Speaker 1: that Hamas was more interested in governing. Hamas was more
• 10:23
  Speaker 1: interested in money. This is why he let, approved, Qatari
• 10:28
  Speaker 1: money flowing into Gaza, in spite of the fact that
• 10:33
  Speaker 1: he knew that much of this money was being used
• 10:35
  Speaker 1: to build the tunnel system and to buy the weapons
• 10:39
  Speaker 1: and to build the missiles. He let it happen. It
• 10:43
  Speaker 1: was under his watch. I can't emphasize this enough, and
• 10:48
  Speaker 1: I have been emphasizing this, since October 7th. It was
• 10:54
  Speaker 1: under his watch that Hamas built the infrastructure that allowed
• 11:00
  Speaker 1: it to execute October 7th. It was under his watch
• 11:03
  Speaker 1: that they built the infrastructure that made it relatively difficult
• 11:08
  Speaker 1: for Israel to take Gaza. It was under his watch
• 11:14
  Speaker 1: that they built an oppressive regime that not only oppressed
• 11:17
  Speaker 1: their own people, that somewhat their problem but that regularly
• 11:23
  Speaker 1: attacked Israelis, regularly launched missiles into Israel. And yes, Israel
• 11:28
  Speaker 1: had developed this amazing technology to knock these missiles out
• 11:33
  Speaker 1: of the air, iron dome. That can't be an excuse
• 11:39
  Speaker 1: for taking no action to deprive Hamas of the ability
• 11:43
  Speaker 1: to launch these missiles to begin with. I mean, any
• 11:48
  Speaker 1: government's Why we function, really only function, is the protection
• 11:54
  Speaker 1: of its own citizens. This should have been at the
• 12:00
  Speaker 1: top of mind. But at the time, Netanyahu was busy
• 12:05
  Speaker 1: trying to do judicial reform. There were demonstrations in the street.
• 12:10
  Speaker 1: There were some problems in the West Bank, which I
• 12:13
  Speaker 1: wouldn't be surprised if Hamas created in order to distract
• 12:16
  Speaker 1: Israel from what they were planning for October 7th. And
• 12:21
  Speaker 1: the reality is that the Netanyahu government, the Netanyahu government,
• 12:28
  Speaker 1: failed Israel, failed the Israeli people on October 7th, and
• 12:32
  Speaker 1: failed them in the 20 years leading up to October 7th. Well, 15. So,
• 12:45
  Speaker 1: it's bad even if these reports are not true. Netanyahu
• 12:50
  Speaker 1: should have known better. He should have killed Senua years ago.
• 12:53
  Speaker 1: He should have taken out Hamas's capabilities years ago. He
• 12:59
  Speaker 1: should have stopped their building of missiles and building the
• 13:01
  Speaker 1: tunnels and buying the weapons. And years ago, he should
• 13:05
  Speaker 1: have stopped money flowing into Gaza years ago. But he
• 13:08
  Speaker 1: had convinced himself that he knew his arrogance was such
• 13:13
  Speaker 1: that he knew that Hamas was no longer interested really
• 13:16
  Speaker 1: in war with Israel, that Hamas was interested in money
• 13:19
  Speaker 1: and in ruling over Gaza. And for an Israeli prime
• 13:24
  Speaker 1: minister to lose sight of the fact that Hamas was
• 13:28
  Speaker 1: an ideological, is an ideological organization dedicated to an Islamic
• 13:33
  Speaker 1: agenda and to the complete and utter destruction of the
• 13:36
  Speaker 1: state of Israel, and that no money would ever change
• 13:39
  Speaker 1: their mind. For a prime minister to forget that, to
• 13:43
  Speaker 1: lose sight of that, is so irresponsible. I mean, he
• 13:48
  Speaker 1: should have been kicked out of office on October 8th.
• 13:55
  Speaker 1: And Israelis finally have a chance to kick him out
• 13:57
  Speaker 1: of office in a month. And I really, really, really,
• 14:00
  Speaker 1: really hope, no matter who the alternative is, that at
• 14:03
  Speaker 1: least Netanyahu is off the table. He has to be
• 14:07
  Speaker 1: held responsible. Somebody needs to be held responsible for what
• 14:11
  Speaker 1: happened on October 7th. Israel failed catastrophically. Now, if it
• 14:17
  Speaker 1: turned out that he did indeed receive an Emirati warning
• 14:21
  Speaker 1: and didn't let the security forces know. That would be
• 14:26
  Speaker 1: an unbelievable, extraordinary failure of judgment added to the list
• 14:33
  Speaker 1: of Netanyahu's failures of judgment that should exclude him from
• 14:39
  Speaker 1: being prime minister forever. Even if it was just a
• 14:46
  Speaker 1: broad warning, for a friendly Arab leader, but Sinois preparing
• 14:51
  Speaker 1: something big. You know, at least test it against your intelligence,
• 14:58
  Speaker 1: military intelligence, your Mossad, Shabak, whatever. And then if René
• 15:05
  Speaker 1: Barre actually won Netanyahu on October 1, a few days
• 15:08
  Speaker 1: after the UAW, the Emirati, that Hamas was preparing something big,
• 15:18
  Speaker 1: something extraordinary, extreme. Why did he ignore it? And he
• 15:25
  Speaker 1: didn't have to accept the idea of killing the leadership,
• 15:28
  Speaker 1: but why ignore it? Why not put the military on alert?
• 15:35
  Speaker 1: Why not, you know, again, talk about it, debate it,
• 15:39
  Speaker 1: discuss it, and do something about it? So, again, it
• 15:50
  Speaker 1: doesn't look good for Netanyahu. And I don't think it
• 15:53
  Speaker 1: looks good for Netanyahu whether these events actually happen or not.
• 16:00
  Speaker 1: Netanyahu needs to take responsibility. And the Israeli people, since
• 16:05
  Speaker 1: he won't, need to make him take responsibility. Need to
• 16:12
  Speaker 1: defeat him in this coming election. Now, Israel really needs
• 16:17
  Speaker 1: an independent commission to investigate what actually happened, to look
• 16:23
  Speaker 1: at the call logs, to actually examine the evidence, and
• 16:27
  Speaker 1: to find out what was said, when, by whom, and
• 16:32
  Speaker 1: to whom. You need an election. Netanyahu needs to be out.
• 16:38
  Speaker 1: And you need an objective evaluation of what happened. Netanyahu
• 16:48
  Speaker 1: is a failed prime minister. He has to be considered
• 16:51
  Speaker 1: a failed prime minister because October 7th is a failure
• 16:55
  Speaker 1: and it has to be a failure. It wasn't an
• 16:56
  Speaker 1: intelligence failure because the question of Hamas's willingness to do
• 17:04
  Speaker 1: an October 7th was never, should have been never in question.
• 17:08
  Speaker 1: It was a political failure. A failure to confront the
• 17:11
  Speaker 1: enemy and defeat him. A failure to do what was
• 17:14
  Speaker 1: necessary to protect Israeli citizens. To elect a prime minister
• 17:19
  Speaker 1: after a failure of that magnitude again is incompatible to me.
• 17:26
  Speaker 1: It just doesn't make any sense. Any sense. And the
• 17:33
  Speaker 1: fact that he has resisted any kind of independent commission,
• 17:36
  Speaker 1: any kind of real investigation into what happened is just
• 17:43
  Speaker 1: compounds his responsibility and makes it makes an election the necessary...
• 17:54
  Speaker 1: Kicking him out with an election makes it necessary. Now,
• 18:01
  Speaker 1: Netanyahu argued that security officials kept crucial information from him
• 18:05
  Speaker 1: because they feared it would put the military in alert.
• 18:08
  Speaker 1: That doesn't make any sense to me. I mean, if anything,
• 18:12
  Speaker 1: they probably feared that he would poo-poo the intelligence and
• 18:16
  Speaker 1: tell them to stop it. stop fear-mongering, stop crying wolf,
• 18:21
  Speaker 1: because he had this grander vision of what was going
• 18:23
  Speaker 1: on in Gaza. Military officials suggest that important warnings did
• 18:31
  Speaker 1: reach him. But again, somebody needs to dig out that evidence.
• 18:37
  Speaker 1: Somebody needs to prove this. Somebody needs to make this objective.
• 18:40
  Speaker 1: And for that, you need some kind of commission, some
• 18:42
  Speaker 1: kind of process to discover what really happened. Netanyahu doesn't
• 18:48
  Speaker 1: have immunity. And I know many of you like him.
• 18:52
  Speaker 1: I never have. I've always thought he was a fraud.
• 18:55
  Speaker 1: I've always considered him a great speaker and an awful,
• 19:00
  Speaker 1: awful prime minister. And people say, but who is the alternative?
• 19:07
  Speaker 1: I don't know. For the last 15 years, we haven't
• 19:10
  Speaker 1: known because no alternative was possible because Netanyahu has dominated
• 19:15
  Speaker 1: the political landscape in Israel. His followers, to a large extent,
• 19:18
  Speaker 1: are like Trump's followers. They will vote for him no
• 19:22
  Speaker 1: matter what. Even after October 7th, they still vote for him. So,
• 19:39
  Speaker 1: you know, we need to know the truth about what happened.
• 19:43
  Speaker 1: If Netanyahu... is right and all this is fabricated, then
• 19:47
  Speaker 1: a commission would exonerate him. So why resist the commission?
• 19:56
  Speaker 1: All right. And it's, it's, it's, it's not impractical to
• 20:04
  Speaker 1: do a commission. It's, Israel's a small enough country and, um,
• 20:09
  Speaker 1: You know, you could put together a group of people
• 20:12
  Speaker 1: that the Israeli public trusts, and they would actually be
• 20:15
  Speaker 1: willing to get to the bottom of this, to the
• 20:18
  Speaker 1: real truth. Somebody says Iran has been abducted by aliens.
• 20:24
  Speaker 1: What does that mean? I've always been anti-Bibi. I've always
• 20:31
  Speaker 1: said this about Bibi, so nothing has changed. Bibi is awful.
• 20:42
  Speaker 1: I mean, it was Bibi that released Sinois, right? The
• 20:45
  Speaker 1: only reason Sinois was Gaza was because Bibi decided that
• 20:48
  Speaker 1: one soldier's life was worth 2,000 terrorists released. I mean,
• 20:56
  Speaker 1: that was an impeachable offense. He should have lost the
• 20:59
  Speaker 1: election just for that. But of course, sadly, the Israeli
• 21:03
  Speaker 1: people agreed with it. So, all right. What is going on?
• 21:16
  Speaker 1: I'm trying to understand what Mike is about. What is
• 21:29
  Speaker 1: going on? All right. Questions. Don't forget questions, Super Chat questions.
• 21:36
  Speaker 1: Some of you might have questions about my views on
• 21:37
  Speaker 1: Netanyahu or what I just said about Netanyahu and why
• 21:41
  Speaker 1: I think He should lose, and he should lose in
• 21:44
  Speaker 1: a landslide. Super Chat is the way to do it.
• 21:48
  Speaker 1: Stickers are the way to support the show. Next story
• 21:53
  Speaker 1: is also from the Middle East, and that is about
• 21:55
  Speaker 1: the Houthis attacking the Houthis in Yemen. Launched today, dozens
• 22:07
  Speaker 1: of ballistic missiles and drones in southern Saudi Arabia. This
• 22:11
  Speaker 1: is a major escalation. of the conflict between Saudi Arabia
• 22:14
  Speaker 1: and the Houthis. And, you know, it's been a tit
• 22:19
  Speaker 1: for tat, a constant, you know, arguing that attack in
• 22:25
  Speaker 1: response to an attack in response to an attack. Nobody
• 22:28
  Speaker 1: is quite willing to go all out and actually fight
• 22:31
  Speaker 1: a war and win it. It looks like the Houthis
• 22:34
  Speaker 1: now have taken a step towards egging Saudi Arabia on
• 22:38
  Speaker 1: to actually engage in a more serious fight. Saudi authorities
• 22:44
  Speaker 1: say 73 people were wounded, including children, women and children.
• 22:49
  Speaker 1: Saudi Energy Secretary Minister says fires broke out in all
• 22:53
  Speaker 1: facilities and utilities, and some operations were temporarily suspended. The
• 23:00
  Speaker 1: Houthis said they targeted just the Jazan Industrial and Logistics Hub,
• 23:05
  Speaker 1: the Amaco facilities, so only industrial facilities and military bases.
• 23:13
  Speaker 1: So hard to tell. You know, the numbers come from
• 23:15
  Speaker 1: the Saudis and have not been independently confirmed. But we
• 23:27
  Speaker 1: do know that this was a major attack on Saudi Arabia,
• 23:31
  Speaker 1: maybe the largest attack on Saudi Arabia in a few years.
• 23:35
  Speaker 1: The Houthis, of course, are an Iran-backed militia. The Houthis
• 23:39
  Speaker 1: and Saudis were fighting a war until a few years ago.
• 23:43
  Speaker 1: a hot war, an intense war in which Saudi troops
• 23:46
  Speaker 1: were actually in Yemen fighting against the Houthis. Ultimately, Saudi
• 23:51
  Speaker 1: Arabia backed off. They couldn't defeat the Houthis, and they left.
• 23:55
  Speaker 1: They got a lot of flak from the international community
• 23:59
  Speaker 1: for civilian casualties on the side of the Houthis, for
• 24:04
  Speaker 1: civilian casualties suffered on the side of the Houthis, and
• 24:07
  Speaker 1: they ultimately ended the war and withdrew. Now, this is
• 24:14
  Speaker 1: important less over the Houthi-Saudi war and more over the
• 24:21
  Speaker 1: fact that we've already got a constricted traffic, significantly constricted traffic,
• 24:27
  Speaker 1: through the Strait of Hormuz. Saudi Arabia has been funneling
• 24:31
  Speaker 1: oil through a pipeline to a port on the Red Sea.
• 24:35
  Speaker 1: That Red Sea depends on ships being able to traverse
• 24:39
  Speaker 1: the Red Sea. to come through the Baba Mandab, which
• 24:44
  Speaker 1: is the strait at the bottom of the Red Sea
• 24:47
  Speaker 1: as it flows into the Gulf of Eden, Aden, not Eden, Aden.
• 24:53
  Speaker 1: And the route is, of course, by attacking Saudi oil infrastructure,
• 24:59
  Speaker 1: also directly attacking the ability to produce oil, to export oil,
• 25:05
  Speaker 1: and to export oil products, refined products, which are all
• 25:10
  Speaker 1: affecting oil prices all around the world, including here in
• 25:12
  Speaker 1: the United States. Brett Crude moved towards $ 100 a barrel
• 25:17
  Speaker 1: after these attacks. And that is because, you know, supply
• 25:25
  Speaker 1: routes across the world are now becoming more dangerous. Not
• 25:30
  Speaker 1: just the Strait of Hormuz, but now also the second
• 25:33
  Speaker 1: busiest strait for oil export is in play. The Houthis
• 25:41
  Speaker 1: say the strikes were retaliation. They blame Saudi Arabia for
• 25:45
  Speaker 1: airstrikes in Yemen. But again, it's been going tit for tat.
• 25:52
  Speaker 1: And the Houthis, I think at the egging of the Iranians,
• 25:56
  Speaker 1: are eager to heat things up and to create diversions
• 26:00
  Speaker 1: and to drive the dollar price of oil up. Because
• 26:04
  Speaker 1: higher the price of oil, the Iranians believe the sooner
• 26:09
  Speaker 1: Trump ends, He ends his presence in the Middle East and,
• 26:17
  Speaker 1: you know, leaves Iran alone. So ends the war. So,
• 26:24
  Speaker 1: you know, it's going to be interesting to see what
• 26:26
  Speaker 1: happens here if this evolves into a bigger military confrontation.
• 26:30
  Speaker 1: There are some already military developments inside Yemen that are positive,
• 26:35
  Speaker 1: if you are against the Houthis, which I am. The
• 26:38
  Speaker 1: Saudi allied government forces, for the north in Yemen, have
• 26:46
  Speaker 1: been attacking the Houthis and actually retaken some territory from
• 26:50
  Speaker 1: the Houthis. It's not clear how much territory, it's not
• 26:55
  Speaker 1: clear exactly when all this is happening, and it's not
• 27:00
  Speaker 1: clear if this is a strategic loss or just a
• 27:04
  Speaker 1: temporary tactical setback for the Houthis. But the reality is this.
• 27:10
  Speaker 1: As long as the Houthis control that part of Yemen,
• 27:14
  Speaker 1: as long as the Houthis have basically, through missiles and
• 27:21
  Speaker 1: through armed men, have the ability to disrupt traffic on
• 27:28
  Speaker 1: the Red Sea and the Bab al-Mandir, they are a
• 27:31
  Speaker 1: threat to civilization. And the United States should be helping
• 27:35
  Speaker 1: the Saudis and the Yemeni government to defeat and destroy
• 27:40
  Speaker 1: the Houthi regime as quickly and as effectively as possible.
• 27:46
  Speaker 1: A tit for tat, proportional exchanges are not gonna do anything.
• 27:52
  Speaker 1: Not gonna do anything. Saudi Arabia should, with the support
• 27:57
  Speaker 1: of the West, or at least with the support of
• 27:58
  Speaker 1: the United States, enter Yemen and destroy the Houthi armed forces.
• 28:04
  Speaker 1: And of course, that would be a massive setback for Iran,
• 28:08
  Speaker 1: and it would open up one of the two major
• 28:12
  Speaker 1: states that have oil and oil products flowing through them.
• 28:21
  Speaker 1: All right. So we will see. We'll keep an eye
• 28:26
  Speaker 1: on how this escalates. There is one other issue I
• 28:29
  Speaker 1: think that's worth bringing up. You know, Saudi Arabia signed
• 28:33
  Speaker 1: a defense agreement with Turkey and Pakistan, which basically stated
• 28:41
  Speaker 1: that an attack on Saudi Arabia will constitute an attack
• 28:44
  Speaker 1: on Pakistan and Turkey. Now, does this mean that Pakistan
• 28:48
  Speaker 1: and Turkey are now going to ally with Saudi Arabia
• 28:53
  Speaker 1: and go after the Houthis? I mean, that would be
• 28:56
  Speaker 1: a really interesting development. If we go so Turkey uses
• 29:02
  Speaker 1: F-16s to attack the Houthis, if we put Pakistan send
• 29:07
  Speaker 1: troops to help the Saudis take out the Houthis, that
• 29:14
  Speaker 1: would really be interesting. That would be fun to watch.
• 29:17
  Speaker 1: I suspect the Turkey-Pakistan-Saudi Arabia defense agreement is a meaningless
• 29:26
  Speaker 1: piece of paper. But it would be interesting if Saudi
• 29:35
  Speaker 1: Arabia called them up on it. I mean, they should
• 29:36
  Speaker 1: have called them up on it when Iran attacked Saudi Arabia.
• 29:41
  Speaker 1: It would be interesting to see Turkey attacking Iran. Won't happen.
• 29:46
  Speaker 1: All right. Paul, thank you for the sticker. We really
• 29:51
  Speaker 1: appreciate it. And yeah, guys, wake up. Stickers and questions.
• 29:58
  Speaker 1: It's a Iran book show. It's not just a value
• 30:03
  Speaker 1: for value, guys. Become traders and be traders. Talk about war.
• 30:12
  Speaker 1: Our trade war with Canada is continuing to heat up.
• 30:17
  Speaker 1: Canada's retaliatory tariffs against the United States, or really against
• 30:22
  Speaker 1: its own citizens, took effect at 12.01 Tuesday morning. Ottawa
• 30:28
  Speaker 1: says the measures cover $ 27. 6 billion Canadian dollars in American products.
• 30:36
  Speaker 1: The rates vary from 15%, 25%, or 50%. They concentrate
• 30:40
  Speaker 1: in steel, aluminum, dairy products, appliances, farm equipment, paper, plastics, electronics.
• 30:48
  Speaker 1: And existing Canadian tariffs on American autos also remain. Prime
• 30:54
  Speaker 1: Minister Mark Carney describes this as matching Washington dollar for
• 30:59
  Speaker 1: dollar and rate for rate. President Trump imposed a 50%
• 31:02
  Speaker 1: tariff on the same value of Canadian goods in August.
• 31:07
  Speaker 1: Trade negotiations collapsed in August 21, and each government now
• 31:12
  Speaker 1: presents its tax on domestic buyers a strength against the
• 31:16
  Speaker 1: other country. And taxing million people.
• 31:21
  Speaker 2: Yay!
• 31:24
  Speaker 1: Remember, tariffs is paid at the border by the importer.
• 31:29
  Speaker 1: The cost may be absorbed by the importer, passed to
• 31:33
  Speaker 1: the consumer, forced back onto the supplier, or divided among
• 31:39
  Speaker 1: them depending on market conditions. All the empirical data suggests
• 31:43
  Speaker 1: that a vast majority of the tariff, of the tax,
• 31:47
  Speaker 1: is passed on to the consumer. The law is cursing
• 31:54
  Speaker 1: a voluntary exchange A voluntary trade, it's discriminatory because it's
• 32:01
  Speaker 1: not taxing all trade. It's only taxing trade from Canada
• 32:06
  Speaker 1: or with Canada. In this case, taxing Canadians who want
• 32:11
  Speaker 1: American machinery, food, or electronics. Now, you know, retaliation is just,
• 32:22
  Speaker 1: it's dumb. It's economically dumb. It just extends the damage
• 32:27
  Speaker 1: that the initial tariffs caused. The initial tariff caused some
• 32:35
  Speaker 1: problems for some Canadian producers because demand for their products
• 32:40
  Speaker 1: will go down because they're more expensive because of the tariffs.
• 32:44
  Speaker 1: That's bad for those Canadian producers. The Canadian imposing tariffs
• 32:51
  Speaker 1: now places a burden on Canadian consumers. So tariffs on
• 32:57
  Speaker 1: Americans makes Americans poor. Tariffs on American goods makes Canadians poor.
• 33:09
  Speaker 1: So it's lose, lose, lose, lose. There are no winners.
• 33:15
  Speaker 1: I guess you can play some kind of negotiating strategy
• 33:22
  Speaker 1: in these situations, but there's no negotiating here. It's just
• 33:26
  Speaker 1: an imposed cost. It's just a way to lower the
• 33:29
  Speaker 1: quality of life, standard of living of your people, your
• 33:31
  Speaker 1: own people. And what's the next escalation going to be?
• 33:37
  Speaker 1: Trump has threatened to ban Bombardier airplanes from sale in
• 33:40
  Speaker 1: the United States unless the Canadian company builds the planes
• 33:45
  Speaker 1: in America. He said its products were not good enough
• 33:49
  Speaker 1: and accused Canada of using America as a piggy bank.
• 33:53
  Speaker 1: It just exposes his own outside ignorance of economics, of
• 33:59
  Speaker 1: just the basic, simplest concepts in economics. The threat was
• 34:05
  Speaker 1: made on a social media post, as always. And he
• 34:11
  Speaker 1: hasn't followed through with any of it yet. I mean,
• 34:18
  Speaker 1: Bombardier responded, showing the complete economic nonsense of Trump's claims.
• 34:24
  Speaker 1: The company says it buys from about 2,800 American suppliers
• 34:28
  Speaker 1: in 47 states. Its wings are made in Texas. Flight
• 34:34
  Speaker 1: control components come from Los Angeles area. Honeywell makes the
• 34:39
  Speaker 1: engines for some Bombardier jets in Phoenix. Collins Aerospace supplies
• 34:46
  Speaker 1: avionics from Iowa. More than a thousand Bombardier employees work
• 34:54
  Speaker 1: in Wichita, Kansas. It's just stupid. There's no national box
• 35:02
  Speaker 1: around the modern aircraft. This is made in Canada. Any
• 35:05
  Speaker 1: more than this iPhone is made in... I don't know.
• 35:12
  Speaker 1: I have no idea what it's made. How you want
• 35:14
  Speaker 1: to calculate what it's made. It's assembled in China. Who cares?
• 35:21
  Speaker 1: Since when does assembly... assembly is almost no value in
• 35:27
  Speaker 1: the assembly. Voluntary trade and globalization of the last 30,
• 35:38
  Speaker 1: 40 years has produced a network of specialized firms, division
• 35:43
  Speaker 1: of labor, each one of them doing some part of
• 35:47
  Speaker 1: the job really, really, really well. Abandon the canadian final
• 35:53
  Speaker 1: product just penalizes the network including american workers and american
• 35:59
  Speaker 1: investors and american companies the supply chain is part of
• 36:05
  Speaker 1: the mutual benefit of the trade and our production it's
• 36:10
  Speaker 1: part of the beauty of globalization but you know but
• 36:15
  Speaker 1: this is this is our ignorant president who uh you
• 36:19
  Speaker 1: know uh treats access to American customers as some kind
• 36:26
  Speaker 1: of favor he's granting people. The market doesn't belong to Trump.
• 36:32
  Speaker 1: It doesn't belong to America. The market belongs to individuals
• 36:35
  Speaker 1: participating in it, the buyers and sellers, the companies hiring workers,
• 36:41
  Speaker 1: the companies making stuff, the companies investing, the individuals investing,
• 36:45
  Speaker 1: the individuals buying, the individuals supplying. Our government's job is
• 36:53
  Speaker 1: to protect rights. It's to catch the fraudsters and the
• 36:59
  Speaker 1: criminals and the crooks, not to try to allocate where
• 37:03
  Speaker 1: each part is made and what's okay and what's not
• 37:07
  Speaker 1: okay in terms of where they're made. Now, if you
• 37:12
  Speaker 1: want another layer on this, if you look at China's
• 37:14
  Speaker 1: new data figures, in August, exports rose 25% from a
• 37:20
  Speaker 1: year earlier. And imports rose 28.2%. That's China's numbers. So
• 37:29
  Speaker 1: China's exporting more and importing more. The monthly surplus, exports
• 37:35
  Speaker 1: over imports, reached above $ 119. 1 billion, including roughly $ 29. 2 billion
• 37:39
  Speaker 1: just with the United States. Why does this matter? The
• 37:51
  Speaker 1: surplus doesn't mean China's winning. Indeed, China's facing real, big,
• 37:56
  Speaker 1: substantial economic problems. It's having to bail out some of
• 38:00
  Speaker 1: its banks because of real estate problems and because some
• 38:05
  Speaker 1: of these manufacturers are not actually making any money. Every
• 38:13
  Speaker 1: import means a buyer valued the product more than the price. Whoa, win-win.
• 38:19
  Speaker 1: Americans receive goods. Chinese sellers receive dollars, which ultimately must
• 38:24
  Speaker 1: be invested or spent or exchanged in America. The only
• 38:34
  Speaker 1: question with regard to trade is, is it voluntary or
• 38:37
  Speaker 1: isn't it? That's it. And by definition, trade is voluntary.
• 38:43
  Speaker 1: Are property rights protected? And the only question you might
• 38:49
  Speaker 1: ask is a national security one, which is a very,
• 38:52
  Speaker 1: very difficult and complicated question to ask, and one that
• 38:56
  Speaker 1: our politicians abuse constantly. Now, it's true. China subsidizes industries.
• 39:06
  Speaker 1: It restricts markets. It uses state power to do central planning,
• 39:14
  Speaker 1: industrial planning. But The way to protect intellectual property rights,
• 39:19
  Speaker 1: if that's the problem, and to get removal of barriers
• 39:24
  Speaker 1: on our own products and secure, you know, is not tariffs.
• 39:33
  Speaker 1: You know, let's work on intellectual property and how to
• 39:35
  Speaker 1: secure it with China. Let's get rid of barriers on
• 39:39
  Speaker 1: our own products. Let's figure out what the military supply
• 39:43
  Speaker 1: chain really is and secure it. Tariffs don't do that.
• 39:49
  Speaker 1: None of them. So we're in a trade war. One
• 39:55
  Speaker 1: tariff becomes the justification of another. Each side points to
• 39:58
  Speaker 1: the other's intervention, just like the Houthis and the Saudis.
• 40:02
  Speaker 1: Companies postpone investment because rules depend on the political threats.
• 40:08
  Speaker 1: Customers pay more. And politicians find scapegoats for the damage
• 40:17
  Speaker 1: that is being done. I mean, Canada was stupid to
• 40:22
  Speaker 1: retaliate They should have lowered tariffs. They should have made
• 40:25
  Speaker 1: a point of becoming a free trade Canada. That would
• 40:28
  Speaker 1: have been amazing. That would have been amazing. Not happening.
• 40:35
  Speaker 2: All right.
• 40:36
  Speaker 1: By the way, I think this is the longest we've
• 40:39
  Speaker 1: ever gone on a show without a single Super Chat question.
• 40:43
  Speaker 1: I don't know what's going on. Don't know what's going on.
• 40:48
  Speaker 1: So you guys have asked. Everything you've ever wanted to
• 40:52
  Speaker 1: ask from me. There's one. We just got one question.
• 40:57
  Speaker 1: It's a little strange. All right. AI. Open AI chief scientist,
• 41:06
  Speaker 1: Jacob Pachocki, has published an essay called An Alien Mind.
• 41:14
  Speaker 1: It is unusually direct. Well, not really unusually, right? Because,
• 41:18
  Speaker 1: I mean, the AI leaders have been calling for restraints
• 41:24
  Speaker 1: and regulations for a long time, so this is not
• 41:26
  Speaker 1: that unusual. He says in the essay that current AI
• 41:31
  Speaker 1: systems are becoming harder to understand as their capacities and
• 41:34
  Speaker 1: capabilities grow, that AI is increasingly helping to develop AI,
• 41:40
  Speaker 1: and that continued progress could lead to recursive self-improvement, systems
• 41:46
  Speaker 1: playing a larger role in creating their more capable successors.
• 41:52
  Speaker 1: His most quoted conclusion is that no AI laboratory has
• 41:59
  Speaker 1: solved alignment and monitoring alignment of interest between AI and
• 42:03
  Speaker 1: humans and monitoring over AI well enough to continue responsibly
• 42:09
  Speaker 1: scaling at maximum speed for much longer. He hopes voluntary
• 42:15
  Speaker 1: slowdowns will become common until the industry establishes shared safety standards.
• 42:21
  Speaker 1: He also wants frameworks like OpenAI's preparedness framework, anthropic responsibility,
• 42:26
  Speaker 1: scaling policy, turned into widely mandated rules enforced by auditors, governments,
• 42:33
  Speaker 1: and international bodies. I mean, there are two things going
• 42:39
  Speaker 1: on here. The first is that a company that's building
• 42:43
  Speaker 1: a powerful complex product like AI systems, they need to
• 42:47
  Speaker 1: understand the behavior. They need to test it. They need
• 42:49
  Speaker 1: to control access. and they need to protect customers, and
• 42:53
  Speaker 1: they shouldn't deploy if they can't manage the risk. If
• 42:58
  Speaker 1: these agents, AI agents, are going to break into companies,
• 43:04
  Speaker 1: they're going to wreak havoc on cybersecurity, are going to destroy,
• 43:08
  Speaker 1: are going to steal, are going to be used by
• 43:11
  Speaker 1: thieves to steal, and there's nothing to stop that, then
• 43:16
  Speaker 1: you need to really be cautious in how you deploy
• 43:19
  Speaker 1: this tool. That's just being responsible. And a private company
• 43:28
  Speaker 1: should slow down its work if it fears that its
• 43:34
  Speaker 1: tool might do things that could be dangerous. I mean,
• 43:40
  Speaker 1: if you're not sure exactly how the nuclear reactor is working,
• 43:43
  Speaker 1: and it might cause an implosion, a catastrophic one, then
• 43:48
  Speaker 1: you slow down and work it out and you make
• 43:50
  Speaker 1: sure before you deploy. Well, the same is true of
• 43:53
  Speaker 1: AI to the extent that AI has the capacity to
• 43:56
  Speaker 1: create real havoc. Not Terminator-like havoc, but real havoc. So, yeah,
• 44:06
  Speaker 1: private companies should not deploy models until they limit any
• 44:15
  Speaker 1: dangerous capabilities. And they figure out how to commission audits
• 44:21
  Speaker 1: and get the right kind of evidence from their engineers.
• 44:27
  Speaker 1: But the idea that we should give a government or
• 44:29
  Speaker 1: an international authority the power to decide when progress should
• 44:34
  Speaker 1: continue and when it shouldn't, that is very dangerous. And
• 44:40
  Speaker 1: it transfers. It transfers judgment from the people who actually build, test, insure, buy,
• 44:46
  Speaker 1: use this technology to political bodies that are motivated and
• 44:51
  Speaker 1: incentivized by very different things and not clear at all
• 44:55
  Speaker 1: that they have the technological know-how to deal with these issues.
• 45:02
  Speaker 1: I mean, make AI companies fully liable for the damage
• 45:07
  Speaker 1: AI does. Not if an evil human being deploys them
• 45:15
  Speaker 1: in an evil way, but If an AI does it itself, right?
• 45:24
  Speaker 1: You hear about these agents, AI agents, breaking out of
• 45:28
  Speaker 1: what they're supposed to do and going and doing stuff
• 45:31
  Speaker 1: that nobody asked them to do. Or nobody asked them
• 45:34
  Speaker 1: exactly that to do, but finding ways to break into
• 45:37
  Speaker 1: other companies' computers and things like that. Well, the AI
• 45:41
  Speaker 1: should be liable for stuff like that. AI companies should
• 45:43
  Speaker 1: be liable for stuff like that. And maybe they should
• 45:46
  Speaker 1: be liable for the information available. If somebody builds... a
• 45:50
  Speaker 1: biological weapon based on information provided by AI, maybe the
• 45:54
  Speaker 1: AI company should be liable for that. Maybe they should
• 45:56
  Speaker 1: have restrictions on that. This is where government could be useful,
• 46:00
  Speaker 1: setting guardrails, defining what AI companies are liable for. But
• 46:10
  Speaker 1: we don't want legally enforced rules of how fast you
• 46:15
  Speaker 1: should do it and what models are good and what
• 46:17
  Speaker 1: models are bad. Just make the penalty for the companies
• 46:24
  Speaker 1: significant enough, and they will align. Now, the real technical problems,
• 46:31
  Speaker 1: the real issues with AI, the real safety issue, and
• 46:38
  Speaker 1: cybersecurity being one, malicious agents, possible biological risks, they're not fantasies.
• 46:44
  Speaker 1: These are real things. They're also not necessarily apocalyptic either.
• 46:53
  Speaker 1: But these are things that the people best positioned to
• 46:56
  Speaker 1: deal with them are the AI companies themselves, without coercion,
• 47:01
  Speaker 1: without government. And again, intentional criminal misuse, punish the user
• 47:09
  Speaker 1: who deploys the system to hack, steal, threaten, or kill,
• 47:13
  Speaker 1: punish collaborators, and figure out what the liability of the
• 47:17
  Speaker 1: AI company should be. If a agent goes out and
• 47:23
  Speaker 1: does stuff without human intervention. Yeah, maybe maybe they are
• 47:30
  Speaker 1: companies responsible for that. But this all needs to be
• 47:35
  Speaker 1: researched and figured out. Government's not going to do that. So,
• 47:42
  Speaker 1: and more than that, right? I mean, Pachucky himself says
• 47:48
  Speaker 1: that more powerful AI is going to be necessary to
• 47:51
  Speaker 1: improve monitoring, and to defend computer systems from more powerful AI.
• 47:57
  Speaker 1: If advanced models are increasingly capable of attacks, the only
• 48:01
  Speaker 1: way to stop them is more advanced models. It's the
• 48:07
  Speaker 1: advanced models that will find the vulnerabilities and be used
• 48:11
  Speaker 1: to protect infrastructure. So, yeah, again, we don't want an
• 48:18
  Speaker 1: international body doing this. I mean, it might be a
• 48:21
  Speaker 1: voluntary body of the AI companies. But I want these
• 48:26
  Speaker 1: companies to do it themselves. I want them to take
• 48:28
  Speaker 1: these risks seriously. I want them to evaluate the models.
• 48:34
  Speaker 1: I want them to have strong controls, strong monitoring. I
• 48:41
  Speaker 1: want them to have liability. I want them to feel responsible.
• 48:48
  Speaker 1: But they have to You know, it's them. They have
• 48:52
  Speaker 1: to do it. Stop looking for government for a solution. Now,
• 48:58
  Speaker 1: the title, An Alien Mind, is revealing. AI is not
• 49:04
  Speaker 1: an alien, and it's not a mind. AI is a
• 49:09
  Speaker 1: manufactured system. It is code. It's complex, unbelievably complex, and
• 49:16
  Speaker 1: surprisingly powerful, and difficult. to interpret. But it didn't come
• 49:23
  Speaker 1: from a separate, different planet. It came from human beings
• 49:27
  Speaker 1: who designed the algorithms. People like the author of the
• 49:31
  Speaker 1: article himself. It runs on human-designed chips, on human-supplied data.
• 49:41
  Speaker 1: and human-supplied objectives. Algorithms have no objectives. Somebody has to
• 49:47
  Speaker 1: tell them what they're there for. So just describing it
• 49:52
  Speaker 1: as an alien and describing it as a mind suggesting
• 49:55
  Speaker 1: of its own will, not a good start. Now, just
• 50:01
  Speaker 1: as if to prove some of these points, the potential
• 50:07
  Speaker 1: problems of AI, the Palo Alto security firm called Calif, Calif, Calif, okay,
• 50:14
  Speaker 1: has discovered a remarkable proof of concept named WeWorm, WeWorm.
• 50:19
  Speaker 1: The company says its researchers, working with AI, found a
• 50:23
  Speaker 1: memory corruption flaw in WeChat's voice calling system and built
• 50:28
  Speaker 1: a zero-click worm that could spread across both iPhone and
• 50:33
  Speaker 1: Android phones. The victim did not need to answer the
• 50:38
  Speaker 1: call or touch the phone. In the demonstration, an attacker
• 50:42
  Speaker 1: called a WeChat friend, took over the account while the
• 50:47
  Speaker 1: phone was ringing, and used the compromised account to call
• 50:51
  Speaker 1: the next friend. The attacker could read and send messages,
• 50:55
  Speaker 1: place calls, and act as the victim. Declining the call
• 50:59
  Speaker 1: stopped that attempt, but the attacker could try again later.
• 51:02
  Speaker 1: It was an important limitation. The attacker had to be
• 51:07
  Speaker 1: the victim's WeChat friend. It has to be on the
• 51:10
  Speaker 1: friends list. But a worm is built to turn that
• 51:14
  Speaker 1: trust and make it a kind of distributed network. Once
• 51:19
  Speaker 1: one account is compromised, the worm can call the person's
• 51:22
  Speaker 1: contacts and affect the entire network. Khalif says AI helped
• 51:28
  Speaker 1: find the flaw and produced the first remote code execution
• 51:33
  Speaker 1: exploit in about two days. Building the worm took another week.
• 51:40
  Speaker 1: The company says a project that once might have acquired
• 51:43
  Speaker 1: a large team for months became possible in days with
• 51:47
  Speaker 1: a small human team directing AI tools. Now, again, this
• 51:53
  Speaker 1: is alarming. It lowers the cost of sophisticated offensive security work.
• 51:59
  Speaker 1: A criminal group, you know, can use AI and create
• 52:08
  Speaker 1: something like this in days. Khalif reported the bug to Tencent,
• 52:15
  Speaker 1: the owner of WeChat, in July. Tencent released mitigations in
• 52:21
  Speaker 1: August and confirmed the remote code execution risk in September.
• 52:26
  Speaker 1: Khalif says the exploit has been mitigated, server-side, for all
• 52:31
  Speaker 1: users before the research was published. Tencent says it has
• 52:35
  Speaker 1: no reason to believe users were affected. Now, of course,
• 52:40
  Speaker 1: you know, somebody has to verify all these claims. And, but,
• 52:46
  Speaker 1: you know, this is the potential of AI to do
• 52:51
  Speaker 1: this kind of stuff. And of course, the potential of
• 52:53
  Speaker 1: AI to discover it. And hopefully, this will mostly be
• 52:57
  Speaker 1: used to close these gaps, to close these holes, to
• 53:01
  Speaker 1: make it impossible in the future. So AI changes cybersecurity,
• 53:10
  Speaker 1: as Panchoki in his article says. But the critical question
• 53:16
  Speaker 1: is which institutional response makes us safer? I'd say restricting
• 53:21
  Speaker 1: the strongest models to a handful of government-approved actors is
• 53:27
  Speaker 1: going to concentrate the offensive capabilities and slow independent defenders.
• 53:33
  Speaker 1: I mean, at the end of the day, this company, Calif,
• 53:35
  Speaker 1: did us all a favor. And there are many more
• 53:38
  Speaker 1: companies like that that I think can make money by
• 53:41
  Speaker 1: finding these weaknesses and helping patch them. We need better security.
• 53:50
  Speaker 1: We need patch systems. And it's probably true that the
• 53:54
  Speaker 1: best patch systems are going to be designed by AI
• 53:59
  Speaker 1: to seal the openings that AI is discovering. So yeah,
• 54:09
  Speaker 1: the WeWarm is a warning, but it's not the end
• 54:12
  Speaker 1: of the world yet, yet. All right, here's a story
• 54:22
  Speaker 1: for you. Kyan Parkinson, a mother in Williamsburg, Virginia, allowed
• 54:30
  Speaker 1: her five-year-old son to walk about a half a mile
• 54:34
  Speaker 1: through their gated community to collect goose feathers at a
• 54:38
  Speaker 1: neighborhood pond. A security guard spotted him and escorted him home.
• 54:46
  Speaker 1: police and child protective services arrived. And two weeks later,
• 54:52
  Speaker 1: Parkinson was charged with contributing to the delinquency of a minor.
• 55:02
  Speaker 1: A judge convicted her and imposed a six-month suspended sentence.
• 55:08
  Speaker 1: She says the state has placed her and her son's
• 55:10
  Speaker 1: names on on Virginia's abuse and neglect registry for seven years.
• 55:18
  Speaker 1: That means a single disputed parenting decision can restrict her
• 55:22
  Speaker 1: ability to volunteer in a child's classroom for most of
• 55:25
  Speaker 1: his elementary school years. Now, the child was five, right?
• 55:37
  Speaker 1: The walk was about half a mile. And he crossed
• 55:42
  Speaker 1: several streets. Pond was involved, right? So there is a
• 55:47
  Speaker 1: real risk of drowning. You know, the parents say the
• 55:53
  Speaker 1: five-year-old is a competitive swimmer, knows the route, has visited
• 55:58
  Speaker 1: the pond hundreds of times, and was permitted to go
• 56:02
  Speaker 1: only to its shallowest area. I mean, I think this
• 56:08
  Speaker 1: is a ridiculous decision. Absolutely ridiculous. Even if it's a
• 56:15
  Speaker 1: bad parenting decision, even if you don't agree with the parents,
• 56:20
  Speaker 1: it doesn't make it a crime. I mean, parents have
• 56:25
  Speaker 1: to make decisions about, judgments about where the kids can walk, bike, swim, climb, cook,
• 56:31
  Speaker 1: stay home alone, make a cup of coffee. I don't know.
• 56:35
  Speaker 1: You want the state to be involved in the decision-making?
• 56:42
  Speaker 1: It's absurd. I mean, my mother would have been in jail.
• 56:45
  Speaker 1: I mean, I crossed streets at the age of five.
• 56:49
  Speaker 1: I walked to what was a preschool by myself. I
• 56:54
  Speaker 1: might have been even four, five. I mean, this is
• 56:59
  Speaker 1: how you grow up independent. Virginia adopted a reasonable childhood
• 57:07
  Speaker 1: independence law in 2023. The law says that a child
• 57:10
  Speaker 1: should not be considered abused and neglected merely for taking
• 57:13
  Speaker 1: part in independent activities without adult supervision when the activity
• 57:17
  Speaker 1: is age-appropriate and not so grossly negligent that it endangers
• 57:21
  Speaker 1: the child's health or safety. And yet, they still convicted her.
• 57:26
  Speaker 1: I find this ridiculous. And then we wonder why our
• 57:30
  Speaker 1: kids are so pampered and risk-averse. if that is even true.
• 57:38
  Speaker 1: Risks exist. Children should learn how to deal with risks early.
• 57:45
  Speaker 1: They should be encouraged to be independent early. You know,
• 57:52
  Speaker 1: I don't think that there is a role for the
• 57:56
  Speaker 1: state unless there is real abuse or the parent exposes
• 58:00
  Speaker 1: the child to a really ridiculous danger. I mean, no
• 58:08
  Speaker 1: harm occurred here. It was his own gated community. He
• 58:13
  Speaker 1: made it home. A conversation might have been appropriate. A
• 58:17
  Speaker 1: warning might have been understandable, but a suspended sentence, a
• 58:21
  Speaker 1: criminal conviction. I mean, what kind of culture do we have?
• 58:31
  Speaker 1: I mean, if you let your kid cross the street,
• 58:36
  Speaker 1: are you going to go to jail? It really is
• 58:42
  Speaker 1: a sad testament to where America is today. Talk about
• 58:46
  Speaker 1: sad testament about America. PISA, the PISA exams, these are,
• 58:56
  Speaker 1: you know, international test scores. They test 15-year-olds across participating countries.
• 59:06
  Speaker 1: This is an OECD, these advanced countries. The test in
• 59:12
  Speaker 1: the United States, 4,625 students from 144 schools took part
• 59:17
  Speaker 1: in the 2025 assessment. American reading performance fell from 2022
• 59:23
  Speaker 1: and is among the lowest recorded for the United States
• 59:27
  Speaker 1: since it began participating in 2000. Mathematics was also among
• 59:32
  Speaker 1: the country's lowest results, while science remained broadly stable. 2022
• 59:39
  Speaker 1: was already a bad year, but then it was all
• 59:42
  Speaker 1: explained as COVID. Now it's harder to justify, you know,
• 59:50
  Speaker 1: so many years removed from COVID that these negative results,
• 59:56
  Speaker 1: worse than 2022, can be blamed on COVID. Reading and
• 1:00:01
  Speaker 1: math scores are both below 2018 levels, not just 2022. Again,
• 1:00:06
  Speaker 1: 2022 is a big down year. And compared to 2015,
• 1:00:12
  Speaker 1: the share of American students below basic proficiency increased by
• 1:00:16
  Speaker 1: 7 percentage points in reading, 6 percentage points in math.
• 1:00:21
  Speaker 1: Only 65% of American kids reached at least level 2
• 1:00:25
  Speaker 1: in mathematics. In reading, 74% reached level 2. Now, American
• 1:00:35
  Speaker 1: students still scored above OECD average in reading and science
• 1:00:39
  Speaker 1: and close to the OECD average in math. 13% reached
• 1:00:44
  Speaker 1: the highest reading levels, more than twice the OECD average.
• 1:00:48
  Speaker 1: 8% reached the highest math levels, equal to the OECD average.
• 1:00:54
  Speaker 1: It's still a country that has outstanding students, but it
• 1:00:58
  Speaker 1: also has a large and sadly growing number of students
• 1:01:04
  Speaker 1: without even basic skills. Of course, the people, the countries
• 1:01:09
  Speaker 1: that are students that are far way ahead of the averages, uh,
• 1:01:15
  Speaker 1: Singapore and several Asian systems, uh, systems, particularly in mathematics,
• 1:01:21
  Speaker 1: 37% of Singaporean students reach the top math level compared
• 1:01:25
  Speaker 1: with 8% in the United States. Chinese results, um, from
• 1:01:31
  Speaker 1: select high-performing jurisdictions, right? The Chinese bias who participates to
• 1:01:38
  Speaker 1: do well in these things, which is not surprising, right?
• 1:01:48
  Speaker 1: So more than 40% of responding American students were not
• 1:01:59
  Speaker 1: given background questionnaires So the sampling here was not great.
• 1:02:06
  Speaker 1: You know, student and school participation fell short of PISA's
• 1:02:10
  Speaker 1: technical targets. Exclusions were above tolerance. And OECD says it
• 1:02:16
  Speaker 1: cannot rule out meaningful bias or determine its direction. So,
• 1:02:21
  Speaker 1: you know, they're placing a question mark on the U.S. results.
• 1:02:25
  Speaker 1: But they're not good. U.S. results are not good. And
• 1:02:28
  Speaker 1: the trend is dramatically negative. Now look, the conventional response is,
• 1:02:35
  Speaker 1: more money. But the United States already spends enormous sums
• 1:02:39
  Speaker 1: on education. You know, huge amounts of money on education,
• 1:02:44
  Speaker 1: more than most OECD. This is not an issue of money.
• 1:02:51
  Speaker 1: And of course, the money is spent by who? The
• 1:02:56
  Speaker 1: money is not spent by families to seek out quality.
• 1:03:02
  Speaker 1: The money is spent by government. Schools almost never lose customers.
• 1:03:09
  Speaker 1: Teachers are protected from performance consequences. And successful alternatives, like
• 1:03:16
  Speaker 1: some charter schools and private schools, face political barriers. Now
• 1:03:20
  Speaker 1: that's getting better in the United States, but it's still
• 1:03:22
  Speaker 1: not how it should be. We have a monopoly. We
• 1:03:27
  Speaker 1: have a tax-funded, government-controlled monopoly. that is run more than
• 1:03:35
  Speaker 1: anything else for the sake of the teachers' union. And
• 1:03:42
  Speaker 1: the consequence of that is failure. Failure of students, the
• 1:03:48
  Speaker 1: innocents here. Now, there's a lot of problems with curriculum.
• 1:03:53
  Speaker 1: There's a lot of problems with what is being taught
• 1:03:56
  Speaker 1: that you can blame the teacher colleges. But it's exactly
• 1:03:59
  Speaker 1: what you'd expect from a monopolized system. a system run
• 1:04:02
  Speaker 1: by the government. As I always say, why would you
• 1:04:05
  Speaker 1: think the schools would be better than the post office?
• 1:04:12
  Speaker 1: Neither one run particularly well, and for the similar reasons.
• 1:04:20
  Speaker 1: So what we need is more options in schooling. I
• 1:04:23
  Speaker 1: know school choice, as it's presented today, is not an ideal.
• 1:04:27
  Speaker 1: It's not what we fight for. We fight for complete
• 1:04:30
  Speaker 1: privatization of the school system, But it's better than nothing.
• 1:04:37
  Speaker 1: At least it gives parents some control. Some control, even
• 1:04:43
  Speaker 1: if not complete control. It still redistributes wealth, but it
• 1:04:47
  Speaker 1: makes the decision-maker about how that wealth is used the
• 1:04:51
  Speaker 1: parent and not a government bureaucrat. And as a transition
• 1:04:55
  Speaker 1: to complete privatization and the government completely separating itself from education,
• 1:05:01
  Speaker 1: I'll take it. Because in the meantime, the kids out
• 1:05:04
  Speaker 1: there are getting dumber and dumber, or not dumber and dumber, really,
• 1:05:08
  Speaker 1: less educated, which also makes them dumber. The piece of
• 1:05:15
  Speaker 1: result is also challenges the idea that smartphones can explain
• 1:05:20
  Speaker 1: the decline. You know, phones can distract students and schools,
• 1:05:26
  Speaker 1: you know, need to set some kind of rules around
• 1:05:28
  Speaker 1: their use. But here's a global technology, and yet it
• 1:05:33
  Speaker 1: doesn't affect everybody equally. The device is probably a factor,
• 1:05:39
  Speaker 1: but it's not an explanation. All right, let's cover a
• 1:05:45
  Speaker 1: few positive stories. All right. Uber and the British company Wavy,
• 1:05:55
  Speaker 1: something like that, have begun offering supervised autonomous rides to
• 1:06:00
  Speaker 1: paying customers in London. A rider requesting UberX, Uber Electric,
• 1:06:05
  Speaker 1: or Uber Comfort may be matched with a modified electric
• 1:06:09
  Speaker 1: Ford Mustang, machine Mach-E, using WayV's driving system. The rider
• 1:06:16
  Speaker 1: can accept it or switch to a conventional car. Now,
• 1:06:21
  Speaker 1: this is a commercial service, but it's not driverless yet.
• 1:06:26
  Speaker 1: There'll be a trained, licensed, private hire driver in the
• 1:06:31
  Speaker 1: driver's seat. And he can take control. And the initial
• 1:06:35
  Speaker 1: fleet is very small. The cars can travel across London
• 1:06:40
  Speaker 1: except to airports. They don't go on the highways. The
• 1:06:44
  Speaker 1: companies have not published enough disengagement and safety data, you know,
• 1:06:51
  Speaker 1: to verify that in London it's better than human drivers,
• 1:06:55
  Speaker 1: but we know from everywhere else it is. So we
• 1:07:01
  Speaker 1: will see, right? Again, the driver and the driver's seat
• 1:07:08
  Speaker 1: is just there for emergencies. And if this goes well,
• 1:07:15
  Speaker 1: the driver will go away. That's what's happening in other cities.
• 1:07:19
  Speaker 1: You know, what makes London launch interesting is that, you know,
• 1:07:26
  Speaker 1: customers are going to be paying for these rides. on
• 1:07:29
  Speaker 1: ordinary streets, London streets, with automated system doing the driving.
• 1:07:35
  Speaker 1: London is a demanding environment. Roads are narrow. They're old.
• 1:07:42
  Speaker 1: They're irregular. The system has to deal with buses and
• 1:07:46
  Speaker 1: bicycles and delivery vehicles and pedestrians and construction. And of course,
• 1:07:52
  Speaker 1: it has to deal with London weather. So this is
• 1:07:59
  Speaker 1: going to be interesting. And London, of course, is the
• 1:08:03
  Speaker 1: only city in Europe that I think is open to this.
• 1:08:06
  Speaker 1: So give them credit for that. Wavy's approach relies heavily
• 1:08:11
  Speaker 1: on machine learning rather than a complete set of hand-coded
• 1:08:15
  Speaker 1: rules and high-definition maps. It can transfer across vehicles and cities.
• 1:08:22
  Speaker 1: The economic payoff could be huge, right? Lower operating costs,
• 1:08:26
  Speaker 1: more available. Mobility, fuel crashes, and transportation. I mean, I'm
• 1:08:32
  Speaker 1: here in Barcelona that does not have Uber. Uber, never
• 1:08:37
  Speaker 1: mind Waymo. And I'm, you know, it's incredibly frustrating. Anyway,
• 1:08:45
  Speaker 1: we will see. But I'm excited. As you know, I
• 1:08:48
  Speaker 1: love autonomous cars. I've been in them. I've been in
• 1:08:51
  Speaker 1: Waymos in a bunch of places around the United States.
• 1:08:54
  Speaker 1: And we will see. We'll see if other companies enter
• 1:08:58
  Speaker 1: the London markets, supposedly. this is the WayV. But supposedly,
• 1:09:06
  Speaker 1: let's see. Oh, that was Uber and WayV. But supposedly,
• 1:09:15
  Speaker 1: Waymo and Baidu, the Chinese autonomous car, taxi company, are
• 1:09:21
  Speaker 1: also preparing to launch in London. And it'd be interesting
• 1:09:24
  Speaker 1: if Waymo launches with drivers, I mean, emergency drivers or not.
• 1:09:31
  Speaker 1: So great news. I'm super excited about this in London. ASML.
• 1:09:39
  Speaker 1: ASML is, of course, the company that makes the machines
• 1:09:43
  Speaker 1: that make the chips. The microprocessors, ASML is the only
• 1:09:49
  Speaker 1: maker of the machines that can make the high-end microprocessors. And,
• 1:09:54
  Speaker 1: you know, their main customer is TSMC, Intel, maybe a
• 1:09:59
  Speaker 1: couple of other companies around the world, Samsung, and a
• 1:10:01
  Speaker 1: few others. Well, ASML has formally begun construction on a
• 1:10:05
  Speaker 1: second large industrial campus in the Eindhoven region of the Netherlands.
• 1:10:12
  Speaker 1: It's a Netherland company. The project will be developed in phases.
• 1:10:16
  Speaker 1: The first buildings are due to open in 2029, and
• 1:10:19
  Speaker 1: they expect to house 3,000 employees in production, logistics, and offices.
• 1:10:24
  Speaker 1: At full build-out, the site could cover 350,000 square miles
• 1:10:29
  Speaker 1: and accommodate as many as 20,000 workplaces. We will see,
• 1:10:36
  Speaker 1: but they are expanding. The campus will include what ASML
• 1:10:42
  Speaker 1: calls a flow factory, Organizing production of lithography machines, these
• 1:10:47
  Speaker 1: are the machines that produce the microprocessors, more like continuous
• 1:10:51
  Speaker 1: systems used in automotive or aerospace manufacturing. These machines are
• 1:10:56
  Speaker 1: among the most complicated industrial products in the world, maybe
• 1:11:00
  Speaker 1: the most complicated. Extreme ultraviolet lithography allows chip makers to
• 1:11:05
  Speaker 1: produce the smallest and most advanced features at scale. This
• 1:11:13
  Speaker 1: is the digital economy in physical space. AI models, cloud services,
• 1:11:19
  Speaker 1: autonomous vehicles, modern weapons, they all depends on fabs. Fabs,
• 1:11:25
  Speaker 1: fabs mean the places where microprocessors are fabricated depend on equipment.
• 1:11:32
  Speaker 1: Equipment depends on lenses, lasers, precision stages, software, speciality materials,
• 1:11:42
  Speaker 1: thousands of suppliers. That's what the Dutch company does, puts
• 1:11:47
  Speaker 1: all that together, builds this machine. The Dutch government is
• 1:11:53
  Speaker 1: going to build the infrastructure for housing, roads, education, power grid,
• 1:11:59
  Speaker 1: but everything else is being built, as I understand it,
• 1:12:02
  Speaker 1: by ASML. So, yeah, this is good. This is... Important stuff,
• 1:12:12
  Speaker 1: progress in the making. Finally, in the United States, the U.S.
• 1:12:18
  Speaker 1: Department of Energy has closed a loan of up to $ 1. 9
• 1:12:22
  Speaker 1: billion to support NextEra Energy's proposed restart of the Dwayne
• 1:12:28
  Speaker 1: Arnold Energy Center in Linn County, Iowa. The plant stopped
• 1:12:32
  Speaker 1: operating in 2020. It is Iowa's only nuclear power plant.
• 1:12:36
  Speaker 1: Dwayne Arnold is rated at 615 megawatts, Energy departments said
• 1:12:41
  Speaker 1: that that is enough electricity for nearly 500,000 homes. NextEra
• 1:12:45
  Speaker 1: is targeting a return to service no later than the
• 1:12:48
  Speaker 1: first quarter of 2029. Google has agreed to buy power
• 1:12:52
  Speaker 1: from the plant under a 25-year contract while a local
• 1:12:57
  Speaker 1: cooperative is expected to take the remaining output. So data centers,
• 1:13:02
  Speaker 1: data centers, data centers bringing nuclear back. Now, In spite
• 1:13:09
  Speaker 1: of the fact it's a government loan, we don't like
• 1:13:11
  Speaker 1: government loans, this is good because it's in support of
• 1:13:14
  Speaker 1: nuclear power and we need nuclear power back online. Now,
• 1:13:20
  Speaker 1: all this still needs Nuclear Regulatory Commission approvals, inspections, engineering work, staffing.
• 1:13:25
  Speaker 1: This is why it's only 2029. And, you know, reactor
• 1:13:31
  Speaker 1: restart projects are running to delays. Let's hope this one doesn't.
• 1:13:36
  Speaker 1: But the economic logic here is strong. You know, electricity
• 1:13:39
  Speaker 1: demand is rising with data centers. And, you know, more
• 1:13:45
  Speaker 1: and more, I think, old nuclear power plants are going
• 1:13:47
  Speaker 1: to come back online. And hopefully, hopefully, hopefully, we will
• 1:13:51
  Speaker 1: actually get some new ones, some new ones being built.
• 1:13:56
  Speaker 1: I like this idea of Google writing a 25-year contract
• 1:14:00
  Speaker 1: to buy electricity. This is how you get electricity produced.
• 1:14:04
  Speaker 1: This is how you get new power come online is
• 1:14:07
  Speaker 1: by signing these long-term contracts. All right, my friends, that
• 1:14:12
  Speaker 1: is the news for this September 8th, 2026. It's a Tuesday.
• 1:14:22
  Speaker 1: Thank you. Thank you for joining me. Thank you for
• 1:14:24
  Speaker 1: being here. Thanks to Super Chatters. You kind of woke
• 1:14:27
  Speaker 1: up a little bit. Woke up a little bit. We're
• 1:14:30
  Speaker 1: still short a little bit for the second hour, but
• 1:14:33
  Speaker 1: much better than what it was like 40 minutes into
• 1:14:36
  Speaker 1: the show. It was scary. Scary, scary, scary stuff. All right.
• 1:14:42
  Speaker 1: Let me thank Paul and Darlene and Bonnie for their stickers.
• 1:14:48
  Speaker 1: Let's see. Who else do I need to thank for stickers?
• 1:14:51
  Speaker 1: That's it. No more stickers. Come on, people. Sticker people. Oh, Roland.
• 1:14:54
  Speaker 1: Roland's there. Of course Roland's there. Roland's always there. He's addicted.
• 1:15:00
  Speaker 1: I'm waiting for the lawsuit. Any day now, a letter
• 1:15:02
  Speaker 1: from his lawyer. He's addicted. All right. You can still
• 1:15:09
  Speaker 1: support the show with a sticker. Please do. You can
• 1:15:12
  Speaker 1: also support the show with a question. It's even better
• 1:15:16
  Speaker 1: that way, because that way I talk about what you
• 1:15:17
  Speaker 1: want me to talk about. I want to remind you,
• 1:15:23
  Speaker 1: Alex Epstein is a sponsor of the Iran Book Show
• 1:15:27
  Speaker 1: and is the world leading expert on all things energy. electricity,
• 1:15:33
  Speaker 1: you know, environmental regulations, and, of course, for self-fuel. And
• 1:15:36
  Speaker 1: Lakely is being really engaged with the whole issue of
• 1:15:39
  Speaker 1: data centers. So check him out. You can get Alex AI.
• 1:15:44
  Speaker 1: You can ask Alex questions and the AI answers. They're
• 1:15:47
  Speaker 1: really good. I use it all the time. And you
• 1:15:50
  Speaker 1: can actually read Alex, and you'll learn a huge amount
• 1:15:53
  Speaker 1: about all these topics. So check him out, alexepstein.substant.com. And
• 1:15:58
  Speaker 1: the Ironman Institute. ARU, next semester, starting soon, I am
• 1:16:05
  Speaker 1: teaching a class on civilization. What is Western civilization? What
• 1:16:10
  Speaker 1: are its origins? Where does it come from? And how
• 1:16:14
  Speaker 1: is it related, if any, if at all, to Christianity?
• 1:16:17
  Speaker 1: It'll be a 16-hour course. I'm really looking forward to it.
• 1:16:21
  Speaker 1: So please check it out. You can sign up at,
• 1:16:26
  Speaker 1: or you can get more information to sign up, einrand.org
• 1:16:29
  Speaker 1: slash YBS, einwand.org slash YBS. And you should, yeah, you
• 1:16:37
  Speaker 1: should become a.
• 1:16:40
  Speaker 2: Supporter of, not a supporter, you should become a student.
• 1:16:52
  Speaker 1: Now, I was supposed to tell you that if you're
• 1:16:55
  Speaker 1: a graded student in ALU, in the new ALU, you
• 1:17:00
  Speaker 1: will not have to pay tuition. Indeed, you'll pay $ 100
• 1:17:05
  Speaker 1: sign-up fee, but no tuition. And then if you get
• 1:17:08
  Speaker 1: a scholarship, they'll actually pay you for... They'll actually pay
• 1:17:18
  Speaker 1: you $ 500 for just being a student. So check it out. einrad.org
• 1:17:23
  Speaker 1: slash ybs. All right. Let's... Oh, to remind you, you
• 1:17:28
  Speaker 1: can become a monthly supporter of the Iran Book Show by...
• 1:17:33
  Speaker 1: by going to Patreon or PayPal and putting in your
• 1:17:37
  Speaker 1: on-book show and then signing up as a monthly contributor
• 1:17:41
  Speaker 1: to the show. And that way, if you're never live
• 1:17:45
  Speaker 1: and you never have an opportunity to do a super chat,
• 1:17:48
  Speaker 1: you know that you're trading with me. You're not just
• 1:17:52
  Speaker 1: receiving a value without paying for it. Alan, thank you
• 1:17:56
  Speaker 1: for the sticker. All right. Thank you, guys. We made
• 1:18:01
  Speaker 1: our target. We exceeded the target. That's good. It's a
• 1:18:04
  Speaker 1: new target, I guess. All right, let me deal with
• 1:18:07
  Speaker 1: Shazbat first, because he just did $ 250 here. But they're misapplied, Shazbat.
• 1:18:15
  Speaker 1: So he says, since Nikos doesn't have access, it falls
• 1:18:19
  Speaker 1: upon you to review Rick and Morty, season two, episode six.
• 1:18:23
  Speaker 1: The Rick must be crazy. Now, it turns out that
• 1:18:27
  Speaker 1: Nikos does have access. He actually watched the episode twice.
• 1:18:33
  Speaker 1: and is still trying to understand what it is about
• 1:18:37
  Speaker 1: the episode that you want him to review, because I
• 1:18:39
  Speaker 1: don't think he understands it. It was me who held
• 1:18:42
  Speaker 1: it up. It was me who held it up. Not Nikos.
• 1:18:47
  Speaker 1: So I haven't gotten access to it yet. I, will,
• 1:18:50
  Speaker 1: and I will watch it. Now, you've already paid for
• 1:18:53
  Speaker 1: this review. So I suggest you choose something else for
• 1:18:58
  Speaker 1: me to review so that you're not double paying for
• 1:19:05
  Speaker 1: the same reviews. I need to copy this over. Rick Morty,
• 1:19:09
  Speaker 1: Season 2, Episode 6. Edit, copy. Let me just open
• 1:19:16
  Speaker 1: a file and put it in there so that I
• 1:19:18
  Speaker 1: don't lose it. All right. So I will get a
• 1:19:23
  Speaker 1: hold of it, and hopefully in the next Euron and
• 1:19:26
  Speaker 1: Nikos Dialogue, we will review it together. I still owe
• 1:19:30
  Speaker 1: you a bunch of reviews of Star Trek and stuff.
• 1:19:33
  Speaker 1: all of that is on my list of to-dos to
• 1:19:37
  Speaker 1: be done soon. Soon, soon, soon. So, working on it. Sorry.
• 1:19:43
  Speaker 1: It really has been ridiculous how long it's taken me
• 1:19:45
  Speaker 1: to get to the reviews. I am, if John's out there,
• 1:19:49
  Speaker 1: John Glue, I'm finally listening to the book you asked
• 1:19:53
  Speaker 1: me to review, the one on Ford, on the turnaround
• 1:19:56
  Speaker 1: of Ford Motors. It's really good. And I will discuss
• 1:20:01
  Speaker 1: that probably in a couple of weeks once I finish
• 1:20:04
  Speaker 1: the book, but I'm, I'm, I'm pretty close to finishing it.
• 1:20:06
  Speaker 1: I'm probably two thirds, the three quarters into it. So, uh,
• 1:20:09
  Speaker 1: I will be reviewing that. After that, I will get
• 1:20:12
  Speaker 1: to Shazbot's various Star Trek. And I also owe Harrison,
• 1:20:18
  Speaker 1: I think, uh, reviews of music. So those are on
• 1:20:23
  Speaker 1: my agenda. I have not forgotten. All right. Selfie subscriber. Um,
• 1:20:31
  Speaker 1: Do you think Netanyahu is similar to Trump as a
• 1:20:33
  Speaker 1: kinder transactional spirit, as opposed to either of them being
• 1:20:37
  Speaker 1: more ideological towards an idealized future that doesn't include them
• 1:20:41
  Speaker 1: as being an all-powerful ruler? No, I really think Trump
• 1:20:45
  Speaker 1: and Netanyahu are very, very, very different people. They're very
• 1:20:49
  Speaker 1: different people. For one, Netanyahu is smart. I mean, he's
• 1:20:55
  Speaker 1: really smart. Trump is not. So Netanyahu in some sense,
• 1:21:01
  Speaker 1: is worse because he knows, he knows what he's doing.
• 1:21:06
  Speaker 1: He knows where the compromises are. He knows what should
• 1:21:10
  Speaker 1: be done. This is particularly true on economic policy, where
• 1:21:14
  Speaker 1: Netanyahu's being terrible. And he knows. He's Red Ayn Rand.
• 1:21:18
  Speaker 1: His brother, brothers, both brothers, Red Ayn Rand. He's had,
• 1:21:26
  Speaker 1: in the past, good economic advisers. When he was finance minister,
• 1:21:30
  Speaker 1: he was very good in economics. And he won't do it.
• 1:21:33
  Speaker 1: And he won't do it because this is the difference.
• 1:21:40
  Speaker 1: You know, Netanyahu is a real power luster. Like, you know,
• 1:21:46
  Speaker 1: Trump is a narcissist. Netanyahu is not a narcissist. Not
• 1:21:49
  Speaker 1: in the same way. It's not about people liking him.
• 1:21:52
  Speaker 1: It's about power. It's about sheer power. It's not about
• 1:21:57
  Speaker 1: being the center of attention. It's about power. So he's
• 1:22:01
  Speaker 1: compromised his beliefs in Israel's security for the sake of power.
• 1:22:05
  Speaker 1: He's compromised his beliefs in economics for the sake of power.
• 1:22:10
  Speaker 1: He's compromised his belief in a secular Israel for the
• 1:22:14
  Speaker 1: sake of power. Netanyahu is driven by one thing and
• 1:22:19
  Speaker 1: one thing only, and that is power. He relishes staying
• 1:22:24
  Speaker 1: in the position of prime minister. Now, he thinks he's
• 1:22:27
  Speaker 1: the smartest guy in the room as well. He thinks
• 1:22:29
  Speaker 1: he's the best, you know, so he's got all of
• 1:22:31
  Speaker 1: those elements. But he's character-wise very, very different, I think,
• 1:22:36
  Speaker 1: than Trump. He's also not, he doesn't do what Trump does.
• 1:22:39
  Speaker 1: He doesn't make these absurd, ridiculous statements. Now, he makes
• 1:22:44
  Speaker 1: actually really good statements and then doesn't live up to them.
• 1:22:47
  Speaker 1: And that's his pattern. His pattern is promising the moon
• 1:22:51
  Speaker 1: and not fulfilling on any of never living up to
• 1:22:56
  Speaker 1: his potential, never living up to his, the books he's written,
• 1:22:59
  Speaker 1: the statements he's made, the ideas he holds. So that's
• 1:23:05
  Speaker 1: the sense in which he is, you know, very different,
• 1:23:11
  Speaker 1: very different. And in some ways, because of the potential
• 1:23:15
  Speaker 1: he had, you know, he's really smart, really articulate. And
• 1:23:19
  Speaker 1: he knows a lot. He could have been a great
• 1:23:21
  Speaker 1: prime minister. And he chose to abandon principle for the
• 1:23:26
  Speaker 1: sake of power. And that I cannot forgive. All right, Lucretian.
• 1:23:36
  Speaker 1: Lucretian Objectivist from Sweden. Thank you, 50 American bucks. Well,
• 1:23:41
  Speaker 1: actually 70 if you count the two questions together. So
• 1:23:44
  Speaker 1: these are part one and part two. He says, thank
• 1:23:47
  Speaker 1: you and Nikos for the Mike Mensah discussion. Informative and
• 1:23:51
  Speaker 1: moving for X. I had no idea that, for example,
• 1:23:57
  Speaker 1: I had no idea that Mensah literally had to fight
• 1:24:00
  Speaker 1: his inner demons and still be the person that inspired
• 1:24:04
  Speaker 1: so many to read Rand. If Alex Epstein hadn't introduced
• 1:24:09
  Speaker 1: me to Rand, Mensah would have received the credit. And
• 1:24:13
  Speaker 1: to you for encouraging me as a viewer to attend
• 1:24:16
  Speaker 1: the ARC London 2022 conference. I'm glad you enjoyed it.
• 1:24:22
  Speaker 1: You should come to 2027 in vienna come on over
• 1:24:28
  Speaker 1: to vienna in 2027 and also you should invite me
• 1:24:32
  Speaker 1: to sweden to give a talk in sweden in uh
• 1:24:37
  Speaker 1: march of 2027 so let's do something in sweden together
• 1:24:41
  Speaker 1: all right thank you lucretion objectives i'm glad you enjoyed
• 1:24:45
  Speaker 1: the show yesterday and i really really appreciate the support
• 1:24:47
  Speaker 1: thank you michael just came in with 50 thank you
• 1:24:51
  Speaker 1: michael Is Ayn Rand largely to thank for why the
• 1:24:54
  Speaker 1: West has not collapsed into another dark age yet? No,
• 1:24:59
  Speaker 1: I don't think so. I mean, I think she's had
• 1:25:01
  Speaker 1: an influence. She's had an impact. But I don't know
• 1:25:05
  Speaker 1: how big of an impact, and I don't know if
• 1:25:07
  Speaker 1: she's solely responsible. I think the spirit of entrepreneurship, the
• 1:25:14
  Speaker 1: love of science and technology that Americans still, at least
• 1:25:17
  Speaker 1: to some extent, possess or possessed until recently, I think
• 1:25:24
  Speaker 1: Milton Friedman and other free market advocates played some role
• 1:25:28
  Speaker 1: in this. She was a part of it. She is
• 1:25:31
  Speaker 1: a part of it. But it's hard to tell how
• 1:25:37
  Speaker 1: exactly a culture absorbs these ideas and how a culture
• 1:25:42
  Speaker 1: exactly would evolve and develop. without Ayn Rand. And it's
• 1:25:55
  Speaker 1: hard to tell if Ayn Rand had more influence, what
• 1:25:57
  Speaker 1: it would look like exactly. So this kind of cultural
• 1:26:01
  Speaker 1: influence and how it, you know, it's very hard, particularly
• 1:26:06
  Speaker 1: when you're so close to it, to tell. I think
• 1:26:09
  Speaker 1: you have to have some historical perspective. It's better than
• 1:26:14
  Speaker 1: if she hadn't been? How much credit does she get
• 1:26:17
  Speaker 1: for not, the culture not descending into the Dark Ages?
• 1:26:20
  Speaker 1: I don't know, but I suspect that there are other
• 1:26:24
  Speaker 1: forces also involved in preventing it. She doesn't get, she
• 1:26:27
  Speaker 1: shouldn't get the sole credit. Raphael says, I would go
• 1:26:34
  Speaker 1: to Sweden, but not for a talk. I'm not even
• 1:26:38
  Speaker 1: going to ask why he would go. I will leave
• 1:26:43
  Speaker 1: it to all of your imaginations. All right, Thomas, are
• 1:26:49
  Speaker 1: you familiar with the works of Dutch author Frank He
• 1:26:54
  Speaker 1: is a leading historian on the subject of modern China.
• 1:26:58
  Speaker 1: He has many views that are very similar to yours
• 1:27:01
  Speaker 1: regarding China and economics. I am not familiar with him.
• 1:27:05
  Speaker 1: I'm copy-pasting this because I'm going to look for his stuff.
• 1:27:08
  Speaker 1: I assume he writes in English or his book is
• 1:27:12
  Speaker 1: translated into English, but I would be very interested in
• 1:27:15
  Speaker 1: finding some of it. Cool. I'll look him up. Thank you, Thomas.
• 1:27:23
  Speaker 1: I hope you're still enjoying Barcelona. We had lunch yesterday. Yesterday? Yeah,
• 1:27:27
  Speaker 1: it was yesterday at a nice restaurant. And it was cool.
• 1:27:31
  Speaker 1: It was great to meet face to face. He writes,
• 1:27:36
  Speaker 1: considering the AFD is gaining momentum in votes, Millet flirts
• 1:27:41
  Speaker 1: with the Argentinian nationalist populist. And I'm also afraid FRP
• 1:27:45
  Speaker 1: in Norway will follow suit as they have a large
• 1:27:48
  Speaker 1: subgroup of nationalists themselves. Do you think the culture... allows for,
• 1:27:55
  Speaker 1: is open to a principled free market type leader like
• 1:27:58
  Speaker 1: Millet or someone even better. As in the real world,
• 1:28:02
  Speaker 1: such a leader would face severe political obstacles. I mean,
• 1:28:06
  Speaker 1: I've said it many times. I think it's way too
• 1:28:08
  Speaker 1: early for a political leader. I don't think the world
• 1:28:10
  Speaker 1: is ready for us. I don't think the world is
• 1:28:13
  Speaker 1: ready for a true principled free market guy. I mean,
• 1:28:18
  Speaker 1: Millet in Argentina is kind of a fluke. And we'll see.
• 1:28:21
  Speaker 2: He is.
• 1:28:24
  Speaker 1: In the polls right now, he's struggling. His favorability numbers
• 1:28:28
  Speaker 1: are very negative. And I'll talk about him, I think,
• 1:28:36
  Speaker 1: tomorrow because there's an interview he did with The Economist
• 1:28:39
  Speaker 1: that I want to read. and comment on, but yeah,
• 1:28:44
  Speaker 1: I think it's too early. It's too early for politics.
• 1:28:47
  Speaker 1: The world, the culture is not ready. Politics is downstream
• 1:28:50
  Speaker 1: from culture. Catherine, um, stickers still don't work with my
• 1:29:01
  Speaker 1: broken iPhone. But iPhone 18 is coming out soon. Yes,
• 1:29:05
  Speaker 1: it is. And there's a foldable iPhone coming out. Exciting
• 1:29:12
  Speaker 1: time for iPhones. All right. Harrison says, sorry for my absence.
• 1:29:22
  Speaker 1: You usually stream while I'm at work. What do you
• 1:29:24
  Speaker 1: think of the Lindsay Clancy case? Oh, I've talked about
• 1:29:27
  Speaker 1: it quite a bit. Check out the past shows where
• 1:29:30
  Speaker 1: I talked about it. I don't buy the story that
• 1:29:37
  Speaker 1: she was such a psychotic state that she did not
• 1:29:40
  Speaker 1: know what she was doing. I don't buy that. You know,
• 1:29:46
  Speaker 1: she sent her husband out. She killed each child separately, slowly. Yeah,
• 1:29:54
  Speaker 1: it's just the details are horrific. I mean, she obviously
• 1:29:58
  Speaker 1: had a mental breakdown. A mother doesn't kill her children
• 1:30:00
  Speaker 1: just like that. But is she culpable? I think she's culpable.
• 1:30:05
  Speaker 1: I think she should have found guilty. But the jury didn't.
• 1:30:09
  Speaker 1: At least 11 of the jury didn't. It's a mistrial.
• 1:30:13
  Speaker 1: I don't think they'll try her again because 11 people
• 1:30:17
  Speaker 1: thought she was innocent. Or not innocent, but, you know,
• 1:30:20
  Speaker 1: not culpable. Michael, another $ 50. Thank you, Michael. what do
• 1:30:27
  Speaker 1: you make of the argument that holding onto hatred and
• 1:30:29
  Speaker 1: anger is a waste of energy and only hurts you,
• 1:30:32
  Speaker 1: but doesn't justice demand sustaining that anger and hate? Yeah.
• 1:30:36
  Speaker 1: I mean, I, I believe that anger and hatred are
• 1:30:39
  Speaker 1: legit important emotions. I mean, I don't know what you
• 1:30:42
  Speaker 1: mean by hanging onto them, but look, there are certain
• 1:30:45
  Speaker 1: people that I hate. It doesn't consume any energy. I
• 1:30:50
  Speaker 1: just know I hate them. That means I avoid them.
• 1:30:53
  Speaker 1: I don't have anything to do with them. Um, If
• 1:30:56
  Speaker 1: it's relevant, I denounce them, but I keep my distance.
• 1:31:02
  Speaker 1: And I certainly wouldn't interact voluntarily with them. So knowing
• 1:31:06
  Speaker 1: that I hate them is important, but hanging on to
• 1:31:08
  Speaker 1: the hatred as a constant and prevalent emotion in my life. Yeah,
• 1:31:14
  Speaker 1: I get that. What do I need that for? I
• 1:31:17
  Speaker 1: put it aside. I hate them. I put it aside.
• 1:31:19
  Speaker 1: Same with anger. I'm angry at somebody. But unless that
• 1:31:25
  Speaker 1: somebody is in my face all day long, you have
• 1:31:28
  Speaker 1: to be able to put that aside and go on
• 1:31:30
  Speaker 1: with your life. And when you see that person, you're
• 1:31:32
  Speaker 1: still angry with them. You're still expressing that anger or
• 1:31:38
  Speaker 1: you're still not dealing with them or whatever, however the
• 1:31:41
  Speaker 1: anger has manifested itself. So no, I don't think anger
• 1:31:45
  Speaker 1: and hatred should go away, but you should make sure
• 1:31:48
  Speaker 1: they don't dominate your life. They don't handicap you. from
• 1:31:52
  Speaker 1: your ability to live your life, because that would be unjust.
• 1:31:55
  Speaker 1: That would give the bad guy who caused your anger
• 1:31:59
  Speaker 1: and hatred way too much power over you. Anger and
• 1:32:04
  Speaker 1: hatred are primarily emotions to remind you, don't deal with
• 1:32:10
  Speaker 1: that person. That's it. And if you need more than that,
• 1:32:17
  Speaker 1: then you have to pursue more than that. It, again,
• 1:32:19
  Speaker 1: depends very much on the context. Thank you, Michael. All right,
• 1:32:29
  Speaker 1: have a sip. Anyone who's interested in relation between modern
• 1:32:33
  Speaker 1: AI and the neuroscience should look into the Golden Gate
• 1:32:37
  Speaker 1: neuron and Golden Gate clod. Modern AIs are simulated neural networks.
• 1:32:46
  Speaker 1: The implications are huge. Attributing a will or mind to
• 1:32:50
  Speaker 1: them is probably a bit far and philosophically fraught, but
• 1:32:53
  Speaker 1: they are simulations of brains. I don't know what that means.
• 1:32:59
  Speaker 1: I don't know that it means anything to say a
• 1:33:01
  Speaker 1: simulation of a brain. But yeah, they're pretty amazing things.
• 1:33:08
  Speaker 1: Harrison says, another news story is the Mississippi miracle. It
• 1:33:11
  Speaker 1: turns out that you can go from being one of
• 1:33:14
  Speaker 1: the worst educated states to one of the best in
• 1:33:17
  Speaker 1: a few years with just a few changes. Yes, Mississippi
• 1:33:21
  Speaker 1: has done a phenomenal job. They've changed their curriculum. They've
• 1:33:25
  Speaker 1: changed the way they deal with teachers and Mississippi has
• 1:33:30
  Speaker 1: skyrocketed on the, on the rankings in terms of reading
• 1:33:33
  Speaker 1: and math and, and the testing. So, uh, yeah, it,
• 1:33:37
  Speaker 1: it really is stunning. Mississippi school system is doing as well,
• 1:33:42
  Speaker 1: if not better than Massachusetts, which would be, was unthinkable
• 1:33:45
  Speaker 1: just a few years ago. So if it's a scribe
• 1:33:49
  Speaker 1: of $ 50, thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Um, being
• 1:33:52
  Speaker 1: a devil's advocate, do you think Netanyahu is as culpable
• 1:33:56
  Speaker 1: as Lindsay Clancy, Clancy, based on a standard of intent
• 1:34:01
  Speaker 1: to act. God, I mean, it's so different. I mean,
• 1:34:07
  Speaker 1: he's more in the sense that he, I mean, she
• 1:34:10
  Speaker 1: obviously went through depression and was psychologically, you know, unhinged.
• 1:34:17
  Speaker 1: Doesn't justify murder. He was not completely clear-minded. So he's
• 1:34:23
  Speaker 1: definitely culpable. But she literally, with her own hands, killed
• 1:34:26
  Speaker 1: three of her own children. That is monstrous. Netanyahu made really,
• 1:34:34
  Speaker 1: really bad judgments that we should preclude him from being
• 1:34:37
  Speaker 1: prime minister ever. But it's not in the same, it's
• 1:34:42
  Speaker 1: not the same kind of thing, I guess. It's not
• 1:34:47
  Speaker 1: the same kind of evil. I mean, he's responsible, but
• 1:34:52
  Speaker 1: he's not the one who actually killed Netanyahu. She's the
• 1:34:54
  Speaker 1: one who actually killed. Michael, are the people doing the
• 1:35:06
  Speaker 1: deregulation of the Trump administration influenced by Rand? I don't know.
• 1:35:11
  Speaker 1: You know, maybe to some extent. Chris Wright, I think,
• 1:35:17
  Speaker 1: has read Rand, is influenced by her, but is not
• 1:35:20
  Speaker 1: an objectivist. Maybe the Interior Secretary. I don't know who else,
• 1:35:25
  Speaker 1: but yeah, there are probably a few people. I mean, yeah. Michael,
• 1:35:36
  Speaker 1: is there a mood for deregulation across the West? I
• 1:35:40
  Speaker 1: don't think so. I mean, the Democratic Party certainly is
• 1:35:43
  Speaker 1: not in that mood. And Europe, while it keeps saying
• 1:35:48
  Speaker 1: that they need to deregulate, I haven't seen any indication
• 1:35:50
  Speaker 1: that they're actually going to do it. So no, I
• 1:35:55
  Speaker 1: don't see a general mood in the West. All right, Michael.
• 1:36:03
  Speaker 1: Despite the culture being saturated with altruism, the implicit egoism
• 1:36:06
  Speaker 1: in the culture seems to be able to override it. Yes,
• 1:36:09
  Speaker 1: I think people are implicitly eager to try to pursue
• 1:36:14
  Speaker 1: their own life and try to succeed in their own life.
• 1:36:17
  Speaker 1: And that is what drives the world in a positive direction.
• 1:36:21
  Speaker 1: They're productive. They're relatively rational at work, and they're not
• 1:36:26
  Speaker 1: quite willing to just lay down and sacrifice their lives.
• 1:36:29
  Speaker 1: That is the case, and I think to some extent
• 1:36:32
  Speaker 1: it's always been the case, but it's much more the
• 1:36:34
  Speaker 1: case since the Enlightenment and much more the case in
• 1:36:36
  Speaker 1: America than in other places. Michael, if you want to
• 1:36:44
  Speaker 1: control a population, create an imaginary enemy that appears more
• 1:36:47
  Speaker 1: dangerous than you, that presents yourself as their saver. then
• 1:36:52
  Speaker 1: present yourself as their savior. Yes, exactly. That's what Trump did.
• 1:36:56
  Speaker 1: That's what China does. It's what the Nazis did. It's
• 1:37:00
  Speaker 1: what the communists did. Absolutely. It's dictatorship, dictator 101. Okay, Roland,
• 1:37:12
  Speaker 1: you can relax. I prefer not to see the producers
• 1:37:14
  Speaker 1: of the stuff I'm addicted to. All right, good. I'm glad.
• 1:37:22
  Speaker 1: I was worried there for a moment. Lincoln says, be
• 1:37:25
  Speaker 1: talking to ARI about taking a lighter spring semester load
• 1:37:30
  Speaker 1: to join ALU as a graded student. Yes. Do it.
• 1:37:36
  Speaker 1: Do it, do it, do it. I'm excited. That would
• 1:37:39
  Speaker 1: be great. All right, guys. Thank you. It's late over here.
• 1:37:44
  Speaker 1: It's 1038. I'm off to bed. I will see you
• 1:37:50
  Speaker 1: guys tomorrow. I think tomorrow. What's the schedule like tomorrow? Tomorrow. Yeah,
• 1:38:00
  Speaker 1: it's a two o'clock, 2 p.m. East Coast time. So
• 1:38:03
  Speaker 1: not the later time. No show on Thursday. Yes, show
• 1:38:07
  Speaker 1: on Friday. No show Saturday and Sunday. Yeah. No, wait.
• 1:38:20
  Speaker 1: That's the following week. Yeah, no show on Saturday and Sunday.
• 1:38:25
  Speaker 1: Harrison says, a simulated neural network means a computer simulation
• 1:38:28
  Speaker 1: of many neurons hooked up. and interacting in roughly the
• 1:38:31
  Speaker 1: same way physical brain cells do. I'm very suspicious of
• 1:38:37
  Speaker 1: interacting in roughly the same way physical brain cells do
• 1:38:40
  Speaker 1: because I suspect we don't really know much about how
• 1:38:44
  Speaker 1: the physical brain cells interact with one another. think we
• 1:38:51
  Speaker 1: know very little about that we will know more in
• 1:38:54
  Speaker 1: the future so that's the sense in which i don't
• 1:38:56
  Speaker 1: think it's a real simulation it's a simulation of what
• 1:38:58
  Speaker 1: we think right now of maybe the best knowledge we
• 1:39:03
  Speaker 1: have right now of how brain cells interact with one
• 1:39:06
  Speaker 1: another but i think if you talk to neuroscientists the
• 1:39:12
  Speaker 1: the honest response is we don't know that much about
• 1:39:14
  Speaker 1: it all right guys i will see you tomorrow Bye, everybody,
• 1:39:20
  Speaker 1: and thank you, thank you, thank you to all the
• 1:39:22
  Speaker 1: Super Chatters who came through today big time.