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The Dual System: How Bengal's Nawabs Lost All Power
After the Battle of Buxar and the Treaty of Allahabad, the East India Company held the diwani (tax collection rights) for Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa, but the Nawab of Bengal still nominally ruled. This episode unpacks the bizarre 'dual government' that followed — where the Company controlled the purse and the sword while the Nawab presided over an empty treasury. We trace how Robert Clive's 1765 settlement created a shadow court in Murshidabad, the puppet Nawabs Najm-ud-Daula and Mubarak-ud-Daula, and the slow-motion collapse of Mughal authority in the richest province of India…
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