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29 - Among the Camanches and Apaches- An Autobiography by Edwin Eastman · Among the Camanches and Apaches- An Autobiography

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  Speaker 1: Chapter twenty nine, seven and nine Years among the Comanches
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  Speaker 1: and Apaches and Autobiography by Edwin Eastmann. This is a
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  Speaker 1: LibriVox recording. All LibriVox recordings are in the public domain.
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  Speaker 1: For more information or to volunteer, please visit LibriVox dot org.
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  Speaker 1: The vigilance. With the influx of population to our settlement
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  Speaker 1: came adventurers of all classes, desperadoes, gamblers, broken down, professional men, nymphs,
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  Speaker 1: dupois of the course, and vulgar sort gentlemen who had
• 0:45
  Speaker 1: interest in wildcat mines in half the counties of the
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  Speaker 1: Pacific States, Greecers or Mexicans, Indians, Pueblas. In short, a
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  Speaker 1: conglomerate mass of humanity, or, judging by later events, one
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  Speaker 1: might rather say in humanity such as is nowhere to
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  Speaker 1: be seen, but the mining towns of the far West.
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  Speaker 1: Under the instructions of ned Harding, we had, on our
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  Speaker 1: first arrival located all the claims that there was any
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  Speaker 1: probability of our working, and we were therefore secured against
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  Speaker 1: interference on the part of the newcomers, who went prospecting
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  Speaker 1: all over the adjacent country, locating claims by the hundred.
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  Speaker 1: As the process of locating claims may be new to
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  Speaker 1: the reader. I will give a brief description of it.
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  Speaker 1: The first thing is to find your lead, for this
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  Speaker 1: precious metal is not found indiscriminately in every rock or
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  Speaker 1: ledge you may chance upon. It is found only in
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  Speaker 1: the quartz rock. A ledge of which a twenty feet
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  Speaker 1: in thickness may run like a curbstone set on edge
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  Speaker 1: for many miles across hills and in valleys. It may
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  Speaker 1: be a mile in depth and maintain a nearly uniform thickness,
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  Speaker 1: being perfectly distinct from the casing rock on each side
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  Speaker 1: of it, and keeping its distinctive character always, no matter
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  Speaker 1: how deep or how far into the earth it extends.
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  Speaker 1: Wherever it is bored into, gold and silver are found,
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  Speaker 1: but none in the meaner rock surrounding it. This peculiar
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  Speaker 1: rock formation is called a lead, and one of these
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  Speaker 1: you must first find before you have anything to locate
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  Speaker 1: a claim upon. When you're prospecting has resulted in the
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  Speaker 1: discovery of a lead, you write out and put up
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  Speaker 1: a notice as follows. Notice I or we the undersigned
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  Speaker 1: claim one or more according to the number of the
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  Speaker 1: party claim of three hundred feet and one for discovery
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  Speaker 1: on this silver or gold bearing courts lead or load
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  Speaker 1: extending east and west from this notice with all its dips,
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  Speaker 1: spurs and angles, extensions and sinuosities, together with fifty feet
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  Speaker 1: of ground on each side for working the same. Then
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  Speaker 1: you file a copy of the same with the mining
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  Speaker 1: recorder in the town, and your claim is entered. In
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  Speaker 1: order to secure it, however, you must within ten days
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  Speaker 1: do a certain amount of work upon the property, or
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  Speaker 1: anyone may re enter it at the expiration of that time.
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  Speaker 1: Among the most important citizens in every mining community are
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  Speaker 1: the essayers, of whom there are generally a swarm to
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  Speaker 1: be found about every new strike, some of them the
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  Speaker 1: various charlatans that ever disgraced an honorable profession. When you
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  Speaker 1: have located your claim, the next thing is to select
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  Speaker 1: some specimens and subject them to the test of the
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  Speaker 1: fire essay. For this purpose, it is customary to select
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  Speaker 1: the richest lump you can find and take it to
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  Speaker 1: the essayer. On the result of his essay, he will
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  Speaker 1: predict that a ton of such or would yield hundreds,
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  Speaker 1: perhaps thousands of dollars. And in this way many a
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  Speaker 1: worthless mind has been sold for a large price. In fact,
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  Speaker 1: I think as a rule, the speculators made far more
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  Speaker 1: than the miners themselves. We had at one time an
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  Speaker 1: essayer in our camp who obtained such rich results from
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  Speaker 1: every specimen of rock brought to him that he soon
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  Speaker 1: had a virtual monopoly of the business. No matter what
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  Speaker 1: specimen might be brought to him, he would demonstrate that
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  Speaker 1: it contained so large a portion of gold or silver
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  Speaker 1: that the development of the mind could not fail to
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  Speaker 1: be profitable. Some of his rivals in the trade, becoming
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  Speaker 1: jealous of his superior success, conspired together and concocted a
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  Speaker 1: plan for his overthrow. One of them procured somewhere an
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  Speaker 1: old lapstone, and, breaking it into small fragments, selected one
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  Speaker 1: as the specimen to be subjected to the intended victim
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  Speaker 1: for testing. They let several of the principal miners into
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  Speaker 1: the secret, and as there had been some doubts of
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  Speaker 1: the reliability of the reports of the essayer in question,
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  Speaker 1: they readily assented to assist in proving the truth of
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  Speaker 1: the matter. Then brought him the specimen and left it
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  Speaker 1: for essay. The result was encouraging in the extreme, for
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  Speaker 1: in the course of an hour the essayer sent in
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  Speaker 1: his report, from which it appeared that a ton of
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  Speaker 1: rock equal to the sample would yield one thousand, three
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  Speaker 1: hundred twenty four dollars and eighty cents in silver, and
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  Speaker 1: two hundred and fourteen dollars fifty eight cents in gold.
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  Speaker 1: The whole matter was at once made public, and the
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  Speaker 1: discomfitted Charlatan immediately found that important business called him elsewhere,
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  Speaker 1: and departed between two days. It was well for him
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  Speaker 1: that he did so, for so great was the popular
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  Speaker 1: indignation that it is probable he would have found a
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  Speaker 1: permanent residence in the vicinity, could the excited miners have
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  Speaker 1: laid hands on him. At this time the town of
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  Speaker 1: Harding had now developed into an embryo city. We had
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  Speaker 1: nearly two thousand inhabitants, representing every grade of civilization and barbarism,
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  Speaker 1: prinsipally the latter. At night, the place presented an animated spectacle.
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  Speaker 1: For about every third chanty was either a drinking den
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  Speaker 1: or a gambling hell. All were brilliantly lighted and wide
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  Speaker 1: open to the street, from which you could see the
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  Speaker 1: excited groups around the gaming tables or before the bars.
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  Speaker 1: Every man went armed to the teeth. Fights and arrays
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  Speaker 1: were of almost daily, nay hourly occurrence. The crack of
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  Speaker 1: the pistol became a very familiar sound in my ears,
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  Speaker 1: and so frequent were the scenes of violence and murder
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  Speaker 1: that I began to think that the men I was
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  Speaker 1: among were worse than the savages with whom my lot
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  Speaker 1: had been cast in former years. To such a pass
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  Speaker 1: did the insolence and brutality of these desperadoes come at
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  Speaker 1: last that the better class of the miners began to
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  Speaker 1: talk among themselves of the necessity for doing something to
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  Speaker 1: check it. But none seemed disposed to take the lead,
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  Speaker 1: and things went on from bad to worse, until the
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  Speaker 1: arrival of a new actor upon the scene brought them
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  Speaker 1: to a climax, and disorder and violence culminated in a
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  Speaker 1: sudden and severe spasm of justice. The new arrival, who
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  Speaker 1: was destined to be the principal figure in the tragic
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  Speaker 1: scenes about to be enacted, was a Kentuckian named Reid.
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  Speaker 1: He was some twenty eight or thirty years of age,
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  Speaker 1: of medium size and finally proportioned, but very athletic. He
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  Speaker 1: had a frank and engaging expression of continents, and nothing
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  Speaker 1: in his appearance would seem to indicate the hard and ruffian.
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  Speaker 1: Yet he was reported to have slain thirty two men
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  Speaker 1: in a phrase or personal difficulties since he came into
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  Speaker 1: the mining country. From the very day of his arrival,
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  Speaker 1: this man became the acknowledged leader of all the lawless
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  Speaker 1: elements of our community, and as he seemed to be
• 9:26
  Speaker 1: thirsting for notoriety, outrage followed outrage and rapid succession. Among
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  Speaker 1: our own original party was a quiet and offensive German
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  Speaker 1: named Schaeffer, than whom a more peaceable man could nowhere
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  Speaker 1: be found. Against him. Reid seemed to have a special
• 9:47
  Speaker 1: spite from the moment he first encountered him, and finally
• 9:51
  Speaker 1: meeting him one evening in the El Dorado Saloon, he
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  Speaker 1: forced a quarrel on him and then shot poor shaefferd
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  Speaker 1: dead before the latter had time to make a movement
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  Speaker 1: in his own defense. He apparently supposed that this would
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  Speaker 1: be passed over in the same manner as his previous
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  Speaker 1: ill deeds, But for once he was mistaken, and killing
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  Speaker 1: Schaeffer he had roused against him a determined and bitter
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  Speaker 1: enemy none other than ned Harding himself, who was now
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  Speaker 1: acting as mayor or el Calde of the town named
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  Speaker 1: in his honor. Ned quickly gathered together our own party
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  Speaker 1: and some twenty five of the leading men in the place,
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  Speaker 1: and announced his determination to form a vigilance committee and
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  Speaker 1: rid the town of the desperadoes who infested it. The
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  Speaker 1: entire party acquiesced in the wisdom of the proposal, and
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  Speaker 1: the committee was organized then and there after some consultation,
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  Speaker 1: a plan of operations was agreed upon and at once
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  Speaker 1: put in practice. The next morning, a neatly written note
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  Speaker 1: appeared posted in several prominent places in the camp, warning
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  Speaker 1: all objectionable characters to leave town within twenty four hours
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  Speaker 1: or their lives would be forfeited. This document was signed
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  Speaker 1: the vigilance and naturally created considerable stir and excitement among
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  Speaker 1: the parties at whom it was directed, and many of
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  Speaker 1: them took the warning and departed. But some of the
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  Speaker 1: more desperate, in all about twenty in number, banded themselves
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  Speaker 1: together under the leadership of Reed, and swore that they
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  Speaker 1: would never leave town except of their own free will,
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  Speaker 1: and defy the vigilance to touch any one of their number.
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  Speaker 1: At the expiration of the twenty four hours, we determined
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  Speaker 1: to arrest all the members of Reed's party and deal
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  Speaker 1: with them as they deserved. Accordingly, we mustered our forces,
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  Speaker 1: and at the same time made known our intentions to
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  Speaker 1: most of the more prominent men in the camp. When
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  Speaker 1: all our arrangements were completed, we proceeded in search of
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  Speaker 1: our game, and in a couple of hours had caught
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  Speaker 1: and caged every member of the gang, with two exceptions.
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  Speaker 1: One of these had in some way become aware of
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  Speaker 1: our intentions, and he found it convenient to seek another
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  Speaker 1: locality without delay. The other man was no less a
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  Speaker 1: person than Reid himself, and he went about boasting that
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  Speaker 1: no man dare arrest him, and threatening with instant death
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  Speaker 1: any man who should attempt it. This duty Ned Harding
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  Speaker 1: had reserved for himself, and when all was in readiness,
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  Speaker 1: he set out to accomplish it. As he was not
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  Speaker 1: known to be a vigilant, and was noted as a
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  Speaker 1: man of very quiet, impeaceable character, no suspicion attached to
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  Speaker 1: him of being concerned in the matter. Arming himself, he
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  Speaker 1: went into the main street of the village, and, entering
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  Speaker 1: one of the principal saloons, confronted the desperado. The latter
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  Speaker 1: must have seen in Ned's eye that he meant mischief
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  Speaker 1: for he made a motion as if to draw a weapon,
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  Speaker 1: but before he could do so, he was seized by
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  Speaker 1: the throat and thrown to the ground with a full
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  Speaker 1: force of Ned's muscular arm. Other vigilance to the number
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  Speaker 1: of about twenty closed in around the fallen man and
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  Speaker 1: his captor, with drawn revolvers and guarded against any attempt
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  Speaker 1: at red Reid was securely bound, lifted to his feet,
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  Speaker 1: and placed in close confinement in one of the shanties
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  Speaker 1: belonging to our party, under the guard of two well
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  Speaker 1: armed and determined men. Two hours later, all the prisoners
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  Speaker 1: were brought up for execution. The miners turned out in
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  Speaker 1: large numbers and forming in solid column, armed to the teeth,
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  Speaker 1: they marched up the principal street and halted in front
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  Speaker 1: of the building where most of the prisoners were confined.
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  Speaker 1: The doomed men were quickly brought out and informed of
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  Speaker 1: the fate in store for them. At the same time,
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  Speaker 1: Ned Harding made his appearance leading Reid, and the same
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  Speaker 1: announcement was made to the latter. Such a scene as ensued,
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  Speaker 1: I hope never to see again these apparently fearless desperadoes,
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  Speaker 1: who had repeatedly imbrooed their hands in human blood, without
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  Speaker 1: an instant's hesitation, were transformed on the moment into a
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  Speaker 1: pack of whining cowards, begging and entreating in the most
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  Speaker 1: abject manner that their lives might be spared reed. The
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  Speaker 1: ringleader of all was the most utter craven of the
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  Speaker 1: whole number, and shrieks. Curses in prayers for mercy rolled
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  Speaker 1: unceasingly from his lips until the rope choked his utterance.
• 15:44
  Speaker 1: Just outside the camp stood a considerable grove of trees.
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  Speaker 1: To this we repaired with our prisoners, and in ten
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  Speaker 1: minutes more they were run up, one after another, and
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  Speaker 1: each hung, convulsed, and the death agony at the end
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  Speaker 1: of a lariat. To me, the utter cowardice displayed by
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  Speaker 1: these ruffians was surprising. But there is something about the
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  Speaker 1: desperado nature that is unaccountable, at least it seems unaccountable,
• 16:17
  Speaker 1: and it is this. The true desperado is gifted with
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  Speaker 1: splendid courage, and yet he will take the most infamous
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  Speaker 1: advantage of his enemy. Armed and free, he will stand
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  Speaker 1: up before a host and fight until he is cut
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  Speaker 1: to pieces. And yet when brought under the gallows, he
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  Speaker 1: will plead and cry like a child. The case of
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  Speaker 1: Reed was especially notable from his bloody reputation and the
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  Speaker 1: many instances of courage he had shown in his conflicts
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  Speaker 1: with other outlaws. Yet when brought face to face with
• 16:56
  Speaker 1: death in a different form, he seemed the various pultroon
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  Speaker 1: that ever walked. Words cost nothing, and it is easy
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  Speaker 1: to call him a coward, as all executed men who
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  Speaker 1: fail to die game are invariably called by unreasoning people.
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  Speaker 1: And when a man like Reid so exhaust himself by tears,
• 17:23
  Speaker 1: prayers and lamentations that he has scarcely strength enough to
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  Speaker 1: stand under the gallows, it seems hardly possible that he
• 17:32
  Speaker 1: could be otherwise. Yet he had frequently defied and invited
• 17:38
  Speaker 1: the vengeance of banded Rocky Mountain cutthroats by shooting down
• 17:43
  Speaker 1: their comrades or leaders, and never offering to hide or fly.
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  Speaker 1: He had shown himself to be a man of unquestioned bravery,
• 17:53
  Speaker 1: for no coward would dare do such things. We often
• 17:58
  Speaker 1: read of the most brutal and cowardly murderers who went
• 18:03
  Speaker 1: on the gallows, make their last dying speeches without a
• 18:07
  Speaker 1: tremor of the voice, and are swung off into eternity
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  Speaker 1: with what seems like the calmest fortitude. Hence, it seems
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  Speaker 1: clear than in such low and degraded natures it cannot
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  Speaker 1: be moral courage that sustains them. But if moral courage
• 18:28
  Speaker 1: is not the requisite quality, what is it that such
• 18:31
  Speaker 1: men as read lack? Bloody, desperate, reckless, and yet kindly
• 18:39
  Speaker 1: mannered and urbane gentlemen, who never hesitate to warn their
• 18:43
  Speaker 1: enemies of their intention, that kill them on site when
• 18:46
  Speaker 1: next they meet. It seems to me a question worthy
• 18:51
  Speaker 1: of study and solution. The executions over, we return to
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  Speaker 1: the town, first detaching up already to remove and bury
• 19:01
  Speaker 1: the bodies. Then the assemblage quietly dispersed, and that night
• 19:08
  Speaker 1: our little community saw the first peace and quiet it
• 19:12
  Speaker 1: had known for many a day. The condition of affairs
• 19:18
  Speaker 1: in the new mining districts was peculiar. One reason why
• 19:23
  Speaker 1: murder and outrage were so prevalent was that the rough
• 19:27
  Speaker 1: element generally predominated, and among this class a person is
• 19:32
  Speaker 1: not respected until he has killed his man. As they
• 19:36
  Speaker 1: express it, When any new arrival came into camp, no
• 19:41
  Speaker 1: one thought of inquiring if he was honest or industrious,
• 19:46
  Speaker 1: But had he killed his man? If not, he was
• 19:51
  Speaker 1: a person of small consequence and unworthy of further notice
• 19:57
  Speaker 1: if he had the cordiality of his recept and his
• 20:01
  Speaker 1: standing in the community was graduated according to the number
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  Speaker 1: of his victories. No man could rise to any position
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  Speaker 1: of influence with bloodless hands, without long and weary labor.
• 20:16
  Speaker 1: But if he were known to have killed half a
• 20:19
  Speaker 1: dozen men, his worth was at once appreciated, and he
• 20:23
  Speaker 1: became a man of note in the community. Hence, it
• 20:29
  Speaker 1: is not surprising that many men were killed without the
• 20:32
  Speaker 1: pretext of provocation. So impatient were these persons to achieve
• 20:37
  Speaker 1: distinction and emerge from their obscurity and become shining lights
• 20:41
  Speaker 1: among the fraternity of desperadoes. There goes the man that
• 20:46
  Speaker 1: killed Jack Smith was the sword of celebrity mostly coveted
• 20:50
  Speaker 1: by this class of people. And I know of several
• 20:54
  Speaker 1: cases where persons tried to kill their men for no
• 20:59
  Speaker 1: other reason, and in some instances were successful, in others
• 21:04
  Speaker 1: got killed themselves for their pains. In such communities, it
• 21:10
  Speaker 1: is utterly impossible to convict a man of murder arising
• 21:14
  Speaker 1: from one of these public brawls or a phrase. And
• 21:18
  Speaker 1: it is only when patient ceases to be a virtue
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  Speaker 1: and the long suffering miners and others of the law
• 21:25
  Speaker 1: abiding classes rise in their might, and by an indiscriminate
• 21:30
  Speaker 1: execution of all persons of bad character, clear the atmosphere
• 21:35
  Speaker 1: for a time that such crimes are ever punished. The
• 21:41
  Speaker 1: desperado stalk the streets with a swagger graded according to
• 21:46
  Speaker 1: the number of his homicides, and a nod of recognition
• 21:50
  Speaker 1: from him was sufficient to make an humble admirer happy
• 21:54
  Speaker 1: for the rest of the day. The deference that was
• 21:58
  Speaker 1: paid to a desperate of wide reputation and who kept
• 22:02
  Speaker 1: his private graveyard, as the phrase went, was marked and
• 22:07
  Speaker 1: cheerfully accorded. When he moved along the sidewalk in his
• 22:12
  Speaker 1: excessively long tailed frock coat, shiny stumped toed boots, and
• 22:17
  Speaker 1: with a dainty little slouch hat tipped over his left eye,
• 22:22
  Speaker 1: the small fry Roughs made room for his majesty. When
• 22:27
  Speaker 1: he entered the restaurant, the waiters deserted bankers and merchants
• 22:31
  Speaker 1: to overwhelm him with obsequious attention. When he shouldered his
• 22:37
  Speaker 1: way to the bar, the shouldered parties wheeled indignantly, recognized
• 22:42
  Speaker 1: him and apologized. They got a look in reply that
• 22:48
  Speaker 1: made them tremble in their boots, and by this time
• 22:52
  Speaker 1: a gorgeous barkeeper was leaning over the counter, proud of
• 22:56
  Speaker 1: a degree of acquaintance that enabled him to use such
• 23:00
  Speaker 1: familiarity as how are you, jack Oldfeller? Glad to see you.
• 23:05
  Speaker 1: What do you take the old thing? Meaning his usual drink.
• 23:09
  Speaker 1: Of course, the best known names in the mining towns
• 23:15
  Speaker 1: were those belonging to these bloodstained heroes of the revolver. Governors, politicians, capitalists,
• 23:25
  Speaker 1: leaders of the legislature, and men who made big strikes
• 23:30
  Speaker 1: enjoyed some degree of fame, but it seemed local and
• 23:34
  Speaker 1: insignificant when compared with the celebrity of such men as these.
• 23:40
  Speaker 1: There was a long list of them. They were brave,
• 23:45
  Speaker 1: reckless men, and carried their lives in their own hands
• 23:51
  Speaker 1: to do them justice. They did their killing principally among themselves,
• 23:56
  Speaker 1: and seldom molested peaceable citizens, for they considered it small
• 24:02
  Speaker 1: credit to add to their trophies, so small an affair
• 24:05
  Speaker 1: as the life of a man who was not on
• 24:08
  Speaker 1: the chute, as they termed it. They killed each other
• 24:13
  Speaker 1: on slight provocation, and hoped and expected to be killed themselves,
• 24:18
  Speaker 1: for they considered it almost disgraceful for a man not
• 24:22
  Speaker 1: to die with his boots on, as they expressed it.
• 24:28
  Speaker 1: Gradually their ranks were thinned by the ever ready pistol.
• 24:33
  Speaker 1: But it was not so much this as the change
• 24:36
  Speaker 1: in public sentiment that caused them mainly to disappear from
• 24:40
  Speaker 1: the older mining communities. Now, except in newly open diggings,
• 24:47
  Speaker 1: the genuine desperado is a thing of the past. End
• 24:53
  Speaker 1: of Chapter twenty nine.