Holding the Channel Tighter: Transistor Physics from MOSFET to Gate-All-Around

Deep End Era. Engineering with Sankalp · Oct 28, 2026 · 52m

Fictional device engineer Wren Achterberg is staring at a transistor curve that should be a cliff and is a slope. In episode one hundred and thirty one we learn why. We start with n- and p-type doping, junctions and the MOSFET as a gate made of charge, then CMOS. We meet the two leaks, over the barrier (the 60 mV per decade thermodynamic limit) and through the insulator (tunnelling), and the free lunch of Moore's law and Dennard's 1974 scaling rules, worked through in three numbers, and why it ended in the mid-2000s. Then the fixes: hafnium-based high-k metal gates, strained silicon…