Latest / Do You F*cking Mind? / Top 3 Brain Facts

Transcript

Top 3 Brain Facts · Do You F*cking Mind?

• 0:11
  Speaker 1: Hello, beautiful beans, Welcome to this episode. Often now it's
• 0:15
  Speaker 1: not necessarily an encore, it's more of a best off episode.
• 0:19
  Speaker 1: And in this episode we are going through the top
• 0:21
  Speaker 1: three brain facts, your favorite brain facts of last year.
• 0:26
  Speaker 1: So settle in, enjoy. If you're into if you're having
• 0:30
  Speaker 1: like a science moment, if you want to feel super
• 0:33
  Speaker 1: smart at the next engagement that you're at social engagement
• 0:37
  Speaker 1: not necessarily romantic engagement party, then you can drop some
• 0:40
  Speaker 1: of these fun fucking brain facts. Enjoy. Keep enjoying your
• 0:45
  Speaker 1: time off if you have it. If you don't have
• 0:46
  Speaker 1: time off, slay the day regardless, Love you so much,
• 0:50
  Speaker 1: Love you so much, and enjoy the episode. Brain Fact
• 0:56
  Speaker 1: is on CT which is chronic traumatic and cephalopathy. Now,
• 1:02
  Speaker 1: in a nutshell, that is what is kind of in
• 1:05
  Speaker 1: the media more recently, where at least in Australia. It
• 1:08
  Speaker 1: is about this degenerative disease that occurs when people have
• 1:12
  Speaker 1: repeated head trauma. So you're thinking boxing, rugby, anything where
• 1:17
  Speaker 1: you are being dealt repeated blows to the head is
• 1:21
  Speaker 1: something that might arise later on. Now, if you've watched
• 1:25
  Speaker 1: the Aaron Hernandez documentary on Netflix, that is he was
• 1:31
  Speaker 1: an American football player who after he died, they found
• 1:36
  Speaker 1: in his autopsy that he actually had this CTE and
• 1:39
  Speaker 1: it might have been the cause for his psychological downfall, Okay,
• 1:44
  Speaker 1: and he then took his life unfortunately. So it's very,
• 1:47
  Speaker 1: very very good series on Netflix. Highly recommend if you
• 1:51
  Speaker 1: don't mind watching something that's quite fucking deep and intense.
• 1:54
  Speaker 1: But let's talk about it.
• 1:55
  Speaker 2: So what is it?
• 1:56
  Speaker 1: What is CTA chronic traumatic and obviously chronic trauma because
• 2:00
  Speaker 1: then it happens more than once encephalopathy, So it's a
• 2:03
  Speaker 1: progressive and fatal brain disease. And it is associated with
• 2:08
  Speaker 1: repeated traumatic brain injuries, so such as concussions and repeated
• 2:14
  Speaker 1: blows to the head. Now, when you think concussion, I
• 2:18
  Speaker 1: want you to realize that concussion does not mean you
• 2:20
  Speaker 1: have to be knocked unconscious. You can have concussion and
• 2:24
  Speaker 1: be conscious conscious. I think there was this belief, at
• 2:27
  Speaker 1: least a long time ago, that that was yet to
• 2:29
  Speaker 1: be knocked out. But now we're realizing that concussion can
• 2:32
  Speaker 1: happen and you don't even realize that you've been concussed.
• 2:35
  Speaker 1: So that's why it can be quite dangerous. It is
• 2:38
  Speaker 1: also associated with the development of dementia. Now, what occurs
• 2:43
  Speaker 1: in CTA is the death of nerve cells or neurons
• 2:46
  Speaker 1: nerve cells neurons in the brain, and this is what
• 2:49
  Speaker 1: is known as degeneration. So I talk about degeneration all
• 2:52
  Speaker 1: the fucking time. This is one of the forms of
• 2:55
  Speaker 1: degeneration and progressive, meaning that it gets worse over time. Okay,
• 2:59
  Speaker 1: but the only way to definitively diagnose CTE is post
• 3:04
  Speaker 1: mortem in an autopsy. Okay, you cannot diagnose it when
• 3:09
  Speaker 1: the person is alive, and that is due to the
• 3:11
  Speaker 1: fact that the only way that you can actually probably
• 3:14
  Speaker 1: diagnose it is by dissecting the brain. Okay, you can't
• 3:18
  Speaker 1: see it through scans. You can only guess based on
• 3:20
  Speaker 1: the symptoms and based on the person's history that they
• 3:24
  Speaker 1: have CTE or some form of dementia because you're obviously
• 3:27
  Speaker 1: seeing all these symptoms. No one has CTE and it's
• 3:30
  Speaker 1: perfectly fine and then dies and you're like, oh, wow,
• 3:31
  Speaker 1: they had it. It's obvious that something's up, but it
• 3:34
  Speaker 1: could be confused with other degenerative diseases as well, so
• 3:37
  Speaker 1: you can only confirm it after death. Now, it does
• 3:42
  Speaker 1: not seem to be related to a one off head injury,
• 3:45
  Speaker 1: but instead repeated head injury, so you're not seeing this
• 3:48
  Speaker 1: happen with someone who's had one big blow to the head.
• 3:51
  Speaker 1: So we often see it in contact sports or people
• 3:54
  Speaker 1: involved in combat, and it has been seen in people
• 3:58
  Speaker 1: who are in abusive relationships. They were being hit quite
• 4:01
  Speaker 1: hard over the head. Okay, So basically it doesn't really
• 4:06
  Speaker 1: matter where the blow is coming from, but we are
• 4:07
  Speaker 1: talking repeated blows to the head and it becomes noticeable
• 4:12
  Speaker 1: years but for some people decades after the head trauma
• 4:16
  Speaker 1: has occurred. And this is because it's got this progressive nature.
• 4:19
  Speaker 1: So you could be somebody like Aaron Hernandez whil was
• 4:22
  Speaker 1: relatively young. You know, you could have all these head
• 4:24
  Speaker 1: traumas that occur when you're a teenage, teenager or an
• 4:27
  Speaker 1: early adult, and then it manifests this disease and the
• 4:30
  Speaker 1: symptoms of the disease manifest just a couple of years,
• 4:33
  Speaker 1: and for a lot of players or like Boxes, you
• 4:36
  Speaker 1: might see it manifest twenty years after they retire, Okay,
• 4:41
  Speaker 1: And that is because, like I said, it's progressive, so
• 4:43
  Speaker 1: it is progressively getting worse, and you're not saying, like, oh,
• 4:48
  Speaker 1: it's a flare up. Then it goes away, then it's
• 4:49
  Speaker 1: a flare up. No, it's like a sliding scale that's
• 4:51
  Speaker 1: just going to get worse with time. The symptoms include
• 4:56
  Speaker 1: Wait before I go into the symptoms, I want to
• 4:58
  Speaker 1: say that we see in a association of CTE developing
• 5:02
  Speaker 1: alongside something called second impact syndrome. This is very important
• 5:07
  Speaker 1: to pay attention to. Second impact syndrome is a syndrome
• 5:11
  Speaker 1: where you get a second head injury that occurs before
• 5:16
  Speaker 1: the first injury has resolved or the individual has recovered
• 5:20
  Speaker 1: from it. This is where it can be really dangerous
• 5:22
  Speaker 1: because you still have this head trauma, potential swelling, potential
• 5:27
  Speaker 1: neurinal shearing. There's all this shit that goes down in
• 5:31
  Speaker 1: the brain when you get concussion or whiplash or something
• 5:33
  Speaker 1: like that. Then when the brain's trying to recover, and
• 5:35
  Speaker 1: then if you get a second blow, we're talking more swelling,
• 5:38
  Speaker 1: more trauma on top of existing swelling and trauma that
• 5:42
  Speaker 1: could then cause major problems in the brain more so
• 5:45
  Speaker 1: than just the initial head trauma. Okay, so that is
• 5:49
  Speaker 1: called second impact syndrome. If you are somebody that plays
• 5:52
  Speaker 1: a contact sport, you have to be so fucking careful
• 5:55
  Speaker 1: that you are not getting this second impact syndrome. If
• 5:59
  Speaker 1: you get a blow to the head, you've got to
• 6:00
  Speaker 1: do everything in your power to make sure. Firstly, you've
• 6:03
  Speaker 1: got to avoid blows to the head at the best
• 6:05
  Speaker 1: of times. If you have had the blow to the head,
• 6:08
  Speaker 1: you want to make sure you're fully recovered. Nothing is
• 6:11
  Speaker 1: more important than your brain health, No contract, no sport, nothing. Okay,
• 6:14
  Speaker 1: So just I mean, I love watching rugby, but that
• 6:17
  Speaker 1: it gives me anxiety when I see that the blows
• 6:19
  Speaker 1: to the head that these people get. It's full on.
• 6:21
  Speaker 1: So the symptoms include emotional instability, trouble with thinking just
• 6:27
  Speaker 1: in general, memory loss, a lot of difficulty planning or organizing,
• 6:33
  Speaker 1: difficulty carrying out tasks. Then it gets more serious and
• 6:36
  Speaker 1: we've got aggression. A lot of people become really aggressive.
• 6:39
  Speaker 1: We've seen cases people with CT that have turned into murderers.
• 6:43
  Speaker 1: But obviously this is not in every case. It's just
• 6:45
  Speaker 1: one of the symptoms that some people may get. Impulsivity,
• 6:49
  Speaker 1: suicidal thoughts, A really common one is depression and apathy,
• 6:53
  Speaker 1: substance abuse, and then parkinsonism, which is shaking or slowed
• 6:59
  Speaker 1: movement that comes along with trouble with speech, trouble with balance,
• 7:05
  Speaker 1: and walking, and also modeor neuron disease, which affects cells
• 7:09
  Speaker 1: that control breathing, speaking, swallowing, walking.
• 7:12
  Speaker 2: So it's pretty serious this shit.
• 7:14
  Speaker 1: Okay. Now, not all symptoms have to be present for
• 7:18
  Speaker 1: the individual to have CTA. It might just be a
• 7:20
  Speaker 1: combination of some of the ones that I just mentioned.
• 7:22
  Speaker 1: And experts think that it comes in two waves. So
• 7:25
  Speaker 1: the first one early on is close to the time
• 7:28
  Speaker 1: of the injury. So often here you see the first
• 7:32
  Speaker 1: wave of symptoms is the mental health issues, the behavioral issues,
• 7:36
  Speaker 1: the aggression that happens a lot closer to the time
• 7:39
  Speaker 1: of the injury. Okay, and you might put all of
• 7:42
  Speaker 1: that down, the irritability, all of that down to something else.
• 7:46
  Speaker 1: But then you might realize, you know, in combination with
• 7:48
  Speaker 1: what you see later on in the future, that oh
• 7:50
  Speaker 1: that was actually CTE. It wasn't that they were just
• 7:52
  Speaker 1: under stress. You know. The second wave occurs later in
• 7:57
  Speaker 1: their life, in their sixties, and this is where you
• 8:00
  Speaker 1: get the impact on memory, thinking, this degenerative progression which
• 8:05
  Speaker 1: kind of progresses to dementia, like you know, symptoms. That's
• 8:09
  Speaker 1: kind of what the what it comes across as. Now,
• 8:13
  Speaker 1: what is happening in the brain. Why why is this happening?
• 8:18
  Speaker 1: We're basically seeing a build up of a protein called
• 8:21
  Speaker 1: TAO around the blood vessels. We also see this TOW
• 8:26
  Speaker 1: that's accumulation found in Alzheimer's disease and other kinds of dementia. However,
• 8:30
  Speaker 1: this TAW build up and how it occurs in CT
• 8:34
  Speaker 1: is different to how it occurs in dementia. That is
• 8:37
  Speaker 1: how you can differentiate the two in post mortem or
• 8:40
  Speaker 1: in an autopsy. Because of this and also other factors,
• 8:44
  Speaker 1: the brain atrophies. Now, when you hear atrophy, it means
• 8:47
  Speaker 1: it breaks down, and because it's breaking down, it gets smaller. Basically,
• 8:51
  Speaker 1: it's wasting away because the cells when you get this atrophy,
• 8:55
  Speaker 1: cells can't carry the signal properly. And if cells can't
• 8:59
  Speaker 1: carry a signal properly, that cell is no longer being used.
• 9:03
  Speaker 1: And when something's not being used, that an you lose it. Okay,
• 9:08
  Speaker 1: So when you if you don't use it, you lose it.
• 9:11
  Speaker 1: It's not getting the nutrients, it's not being able to
• 9:14
  Speaker 1: send off signals properly, communicate with other cells. It gets
• 9:18
  Speaker 1: eaten up, broken down by the brain, among many other
• 9:21
  Speaker 1: things that are also happening in the brain. There is
• 9:25
  Speaker 1: no way to treat it. You cannot treat CTE. Okay.
• 9:30
  Speaker 1: The only thing you can do is prevention, minimize head trauma,
• 9:34
  Speaker 1: and if you can also you know that second impact syndrome.
• 9:38
  Speaker 1: Be very careful around second impact syndrome. Okay. So I
• 9:43
  Speaker 1: just want to dive in a little bit deeper with
• 9:45
  Speaker 1: TAO and what that is so you get a bit
• 9:46
  Speaker 1: more of an understanding. But basically, TAO this protein is
• 9:50
  Speaker 1: an abbreviated or alternative term for something called microtubule associated
• 9:56
  Speaker 1: protein TAU or MAPPED or MAPT. But we're just go
• 10:00
  Speaker 1: into it as tow TAU is how it's spelled. Now,
• 10:03
  Speaker 1: we've got something called microtubules, which are needed for cellular
• 10:07
  Speaker 1: nutrients and other things to travel down the axon of
• 10:11
  Speaker 1: the cell. So in your cell, you've got a neuron.
• 10:13
  Speaker 1: The axon is the main highway that sends a signal
• 10:16
  Speaker 1: to another cell. Now, to strengthen the axon, you've got
• 10:20
  Speaker 1: all these building blocks that make that axon strong, and
• 10:22
  Speaker 1: one of those things is microtubules. Okay, So we need
• 10:27
  Speaker 1: these tubules for the cell to be able to propagate
• 10:30
  Speaker 1: a signal. Basically, Tao's role in all of this is
• 10:34
  Speaker 1: to stabilize these tubules. Without it, it's not stable. So
• 10:38
  Speaker 1: you want to think about it like a highway where
• 10:40
  Speaker 1: goods are being traveled along and tow is what keeps
• 10:42
  Speaker 1: that highway running smoothly. Stable. It's not breaking apart now
• 10:47
  Speaker 1: in these conditions, and it's unclear why it is. But
• 10:50
  Speaker 1: in these conditions, this tow after trauma, swelling, inflammation, all
• 10:55
  Speaker 1: of that taw becomes unstable. It becomes hyperphosphorol. That means
• 11:00
  Speaker 1: that they're getting too much phosphate added to these protein groups,
• 11:05
  Speaker 1: which you don't need to know about the details of that.
• 11:08
  Speaker 1: And when this happens, they dissociate from the microtubule, as in,
• 11:12
  Speaker 1: they detach from the microtribule. So this TAEL protein is
• 11:14
  Speaker 1: no longer attached to the microtribule. Means that the microatribules
• 11:18
  Speaker 1: gets weaker, it's shittier, its structure, its integrity has been
• 11:24
  Speaker 1: fucking compromised, and they float off. The towel floats off
• 11:29
  Speaker 1: the microattribules into the cell bodies of the neurons and
• 11:32
  Speaker 1: also into the dendruts, which is other parts of the neurons,
• 11:35
  Speaker 1: and they clump together and form something called an NFT,
• 11:38
  Speaker 1: which is a neurofibrillary tangle, and this process is what
• 11:42
  Speaker 1: causes impaired function in the axon because you're having difficulty
• 11:46
  Speaker 1: sending the message and then you're also having these clumps
• 11:49
  Speaker 1: of shit that's not supposed to be in certain parts
• 11:51
  Speaker 1: of the brain. There these tangles of TAU. But the
• 11:54
  Speaker 1: mechanism behind all of this, when you get deeper and
• 11:57
  Speaker 1: deeper into the y is still not completely understood. Okay, Now,
• 12:01
  Speaker 1: when you're looking at the brain in an autopsy, the
• 12:03
  Speaker 1: damage from tower across brain regions differs from that of
• 12:06
  Speaker 1: patients with Alzheimer's, So we see it spread through the
• 12:08
  Speaker 1: neocortex first, then the medial temporal lobe, the basal ganglia brainstem.
• 12:13
  Speaker 1: In Alzheimer's disease, we see these tangles develop in the
• 12:16
  Speaker 1: brain stem first, but not in the neocortex, and it
• 12:21
  Speaker 1: kind of spreads from brain stem out whereas it looks
• 12:24
  Speaker 1: like there's a different process of spreading and different locations
• 12:26
  Speaker 1: when you're talking about CTE. So basically, in a nutshell,
• 12:30
  Speaker 1: look after your fucking heads. Do whatever you can to
• 12:32
  Speaker 1: not get a concussion. If you have a concussion, your
• 12:35
  Speaker 1: number one and your only priority is to recover fully
• 12:39
  Speaker 1: from that concussion, and I feel like I want to
• 12:40
  Speaker 1: do a whole another episode and my own research on
• 12:45
  Speaker 1: the concussion tests that they do in NRL. So when
• 12:49
  Speaker 1: someone gets hit sometimes I see the biggest blows to
• 12:51
  Speaker 1: heads and then they get pulled off and they get
• 12:53
  Speaker 1: this concussion test, and then ten minutes later they're back
• 12:56
  Speaker 1: on the field. I would love to know how extensive
• 13:00
  Speaker 1: concussion tests are, because if you've just been dealt a
• 13:02
  Speaker 1: massive blow to the head and you've passed this concussion
• 13:05
  Speaker 1: test and then you're back on the field and you
• 13:06
  Speaker 1: get another blow to the head, I'm not confident that
• 13:09
  Speaker 1: that's a good idea. Basically, in a nutshell, without getting
• 13:12
  Speaker 1: too passionate about it, I don't know anyway, take care
• 13:15
  Speaker 1: of your heads. You've got one.
• 13:17
  Speaker 2: You've got one fucking brain.
• 13:37
  Speaker 1: I have a brain factor. Now full disclosure, this is
• 13:41
  Speaker 1: a brain factor that I have done in the past,
• 13:43
  Speaker 1: but I wanted to add a little bit more into
• 13:45
  Speaker 1: it because we're talking about l F Andine and Lthanin
• 13:50
  Speaker 1: is something that well, I'm going to talk about it
• 13:51
  Speaker 1: in a second. But one thing that I didn't really
• 13:54
  Speaker 1: mention in the last time that I spoke about l
• 13:56
  Speaker 1: f andin was how much lf andine is in mucha.
• 14:00
  Speaker 1: I did mention about green tea and different types of
• 14:03
  Speaker 1: green tea, but I want to specifically talk about macha
• 14:06
  Speaker 1: and why macha is such a great source of lth
• 14:09
  Speaker 1: aanine versus other also really good sources. Okay, So the
• 14:14
  Speaker 1: brain factor of today is basically elthaanine. So what is it?
• 14:17
  Speaker 1: How does it affect the brain, How does it alleviate stress,
• 14:22
  Speaker 1: Its implications on mood disorders, how it affects anxiety, It
• 14:27
  Speaker 1: can also assist with sleep. So what is it? Basically,
• 14:30
  Speaker 1: it's a naturally occurring non protein amino acid, and it
• 14:36
  Speaker 1: is found in very high quantities in green tea, in
• 14:39
  Speaker 1: all different kinds of green tea. Okay, Now, the reason
• 14:43
  Speaker 1: why it's such an interesting amino acid, why a lot
• 14:45
  Speaker 1: of people you might hear a lot of people banging
• 14:47
  Speaker 1: on about why you should be taking althaenine is because
• 14:50
  Speaker 1: of this these amazing effects that it has on the brain,
• 14:53
  Speaker 1: not just on human brains, but you see it in
• 14:55
  Speaker 1: a lot of studies on rat models and in mice
• 14:59
  Speaker 1: models as well. I was about to say, in rice models,
• 15:02
  Speaker 1: rat and mice models. So it's pretty cool all the
• 15:05
  Speaker 1: benefits that your brain will get from consuming lthanine, and
• 15:09
  Speaker 1: I'm going to talk about a study that was done
• 15:12
  Speaker 1: as well, and hopefully it will inspire you to get
• 15:16
  Speaker 1: amongst it. And if you're someone that's like I've tried mucha,
• 15:19
  Speaker 1: I'm not about it. It is not fucking it for me,
• 15:24
  Speaker 1: then green tea is still sensational for you and for
• 15:28
  Speaker 1: your brain. Okay, you'll be wanting to fucking drink a
• 15:30
  Speaker 1: cup of much of green tea daily, if not twice
• 15:33
  Speaker 1: a day after listening to this, So basically, let's talk
• 15:36
  Speaker 1: about it. The molecular structure. I fucking love molecules so much.
• 15:40
  Speaker 1: I love talking about molecules and molecular structure and drugs
• 15:42
  Speaker 1: and pharmacology and all that shit. So this is right
• 15:44
  Speaker 1: at my alley. The molecular structure of lthanine is very
• 15:48
  Speaker 1: close to that of L glutamic acid. So it's believed
• 15:52
  Speaker 1: that this lthanine performs its actions and is basically mediated
• 15:57
  Speaker 1: via glutamate receptors. Okay, so I'm gonna speak about gabon
• 16:01
  Speaker 1: and glutamate in a little bit more depth, but basically
• 16:04
  Speaker 1: it acts on the same receptors that this L glutamic
• 16:08
  Speaker 1: acid acts on because of its molecular structure. That's all
• 16:11
  Speaker 1: you need to really think about. And what's happening is
• 16:14
  Speaker 1: that it's also competing at this at the binding site
• 16:18
  Speaker 1: where glutamate binds too. Okay, now I've spoken about glutamat
• 16:22
  Speaker 1: a thousand times. Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter within
• 16:27
  Speaker 1: the brain versus gabba, which is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter.
• 16:31
  Speaker 1: So excitation, we're seeing more activity in the brain. Whether
• 16:35
  Speaker 1: it's good or bad, it's just more activity. More synaps
• 16:39
  Speaker 1: is more firing, just more. And then inhibition is using
• 16:44
  Speaker 1: a reduction in excitability or excitation within the brain. Okay.
• 16:50
  Speaker 1: So another good thing about the molecular structure of l
• 16:54
  Speaker 1: anine is that it is based on its shape and structure,
• 16:57
  Speaker 1: it is able to cross the blood brain barrier. So
• 17:01
  Speaker 1: it has really really strong effects within the central nervous system.
• 17:04
  Speaker 1: And remember the central nervous system is your brain, brain stem,
• 17:07
  Speaker 1: and spinal cord. Okay, So anything that can cross the
• 17:09
  Speaker 1: blood brain barrier, you're getting those effects in the central
• 17:13
  Speaker 1: nervous system, which is in this scenario great. Another thing
• 17:16
  Speaker 1: that it can do is it can block glutamate receptors
• 17:19
  Speaker 1: within the central nervous system. And when it's blocking or
• 17:22
  Speaker 1: when it's kind of modulating or modifying what's going on
• 17:25
  Speaker 1: at the glutamate receptor, you're getting this limitation of excitability.
• 17:29
  Speaker 1: You're not stopping excitability altogether, that's just an insurmountable task.
• 17:35
  Speaker 1: You pretty much have to knock someone out for that
• 17:37
  Speaker 1: to happen, but you are limiting this excitability all right.
• 17:40
  Speaker 1: So a lot of different mood disorders, depression, anxiety, it's
• 17:48
  Speaker 1: got to do with excitability and inhibition. Okay, you're seeing
• 17:52
  Speaker 1: there's either too much excitability or a dysregulation in excitability.
• 17:56
  Speaker 1: So when you look at different drugs that target depression
• 18:00
  Speaker 1: for example, or anxiety for example, you're looking at different theories,
• 18:05
  Speaker 1: and you've got like the monoamine theory, which is the
• 18:07
  Speaker 1: drugs that target things like serotonin and dopamine and chemicals
• 18:13
  Speaker 1: like that. But then you've got the kind of glutamate hypothesis,
• 18:21
  Speaker 1: which is where you're using drugs such as ketamine to
• 18:24
  Speaker 1: target kind of the glutamate pathway or the idea that
• 18:28
  Speaker 1: glutamate might be behind all these different mood disorders. So
• 18:31
  Speaker 1: here we're seeing something that is a modulator or modifying
• 18:34
  Speaker 1: what's going on at the glutamate receptor in the form
• 18:37
  Speaker 1: of lpanine, which you can have in a t that
• 18:40
  Speaker 1: can also have similar effects in modulating this amount of
• 18:44
  Speaker 1: excitability within the brain. Okay, so we're seeing that lthanine
• 18:49
  Speaker 1: can do that with glutamate. It can also exert its
• 18:51
  Speaker 1: effects on GABBA receptors, which enhance sas GABBA activity. And
• 18:56
  Speaker 1: because of this enhancement of GABA activity, it's also helping
• 18:58
  Speaker 1: increase dopamine and serotonin because dopamine and serotonin are linked
• 19:03
  Speaker 1: to activity with GABBA as well. Okay, so lthanine it's
• 19:07
  Speaker 1: not a sedative, it's not going to cause sleepiness. It's
• 19:12
  Speaker 1: not going to cause drowsiness. It just allows the body
• 19:15
  Speaker 1: to be in a more relaxed state in general because
• 19:18
  Speaker 1: of its effects on GABBA and glutamate. Fucking epic. Okay,
• 19:23
  Speaker 1: So we want to look at elthanine, this amino acid
• 19:26
  Speaker 1: as being a neuromodulator. It's basically modulating the levels of neurotransmitters,
• 19:32
  Speaker 1: so helps bring you into this nice, calm, relaxed state
• 19:35
  Speaker 1: and therefore it is conducive to overall better sleep. So
• 19:38
  Speaker 1: if you're increasing your levels of l phanine. It is
• 19:41
  Speaker 1: helping you later on in the day with sleep, okay um,
• 19:47
  Speaker 1: And it's it's obviously not making you drowsy, it's just
• 19:49
  Speaker 1: making you more relaxed. Now, it's not endogenously produced, which
• 19:53
  Speaker 1: means that it is not made by your own body.
• 19:56
  Speaker 1: It can't be produced by your own body, so endogenous
• 19:59
  Speaker 1: versus XO genus. But it's not an essential amino acid,
• 20:03
  Speaker 1: so we don't need it to survive. So an essential
• 20:05
  Speaker 1: amino acid, I've spoken about this before, is something that
• 20:08
  Speaker 1: you need to survive, but you can't make it with
• 20:10
  Speaker 1: your own body, so you need it from your diet.
• 20:13
  Speaker 1: This is not essential, although I think it should be essential,
• 20:15
  Speaker 1: but it's not essential for your survival all right. Now,
• 20:19
  Speaker 1: where do you get it? It's found in many sources,
• 20:22
  Speaker 1: but it's believed that the highest quantity is naturally other
• 20:25
  Speaker 1: than because you can get it in supplements as well,
• 20:26
  Speaker 1: which you'll speak about in a second, but is the
• 20:29
  Speaker 1: highest is in green tea. So macha is when it
• 20:33
  Speaker 1: comes to elthanine, going to be the most superior source
• 20:37
  Speaker 1: of elthanine versus other kinds of green tea. Mucha can
• 20:41
  Speaker 1: contain up to five times more than other kinds of
• 20:45
  Speaker 1: green tea, five times more elthanine than other kinds of
• 20:48
  Speaker 1: green tea. And the reason for this is because mucha
• 20:53
  Speaker 1: the mucha tea grows in the shade, okay, and the shade,
• 20:59
  Speaker 1: the role that shade plays in the growth process mitigates
• 21:02
  Speaker 1: this photosynthesis in the leaves, therefore preserving the ltheneine within
• 21:07
  Speaker 1: the leaves among other amino acids as well. Okay, So
• 21:11
  Speaker 1: teas that grow in hectic sunlight are going to have
• 21:14
  Speaker 1: lower levels of elthene and this is due to oxidization.
• 21:17
  Speaker 1: So that is why macha is just going to be
• 21:20
  Speaker 1: a superior source for lthanein. But if you don't like maucha,
• 21:23
  Speaker 1: there's still great sources of lthen in in regular green tea.
• 21:26
  Speaker 1: It's still very very very good source of elthene in,
• 21:29
  Speaker 1: so do not fret okay. Now, Also, macha does contain caffeine,
• 21:36
  Speaker 1: but in general it's going to be less than the
• 21:38
  Speaker 1: average cup of coffee. So we're talking about averages here.
• 21:41
  Speaker 1: So on average, in a cup of macha, you're getting
• 21:45
  Speaker 1: roughly seventy milligrams of caffeine versus a cup of coffee.
• 21:48
  Speaker 1: You get between one hundred and one hundred and forty
• 21:52
  Speaker 1: milligrams of caffeine in coffee. Okay. You've also got other
• 21:57
  Speaker 1: kinds of green tea, white tea, oo, long tea, and
• 22:00
  Speaker 1: then lower down is black tea. So all the other
• 22:03
  Speaker 1: t's are going to have higher levels of elthan in
• 22:05
  Speaker 1: before black ta okay. And then there are some mushrooms
• 22:10
  Speaker 1: as well. I don't know which ones, but there are
• 22:12
  Speaker 1: some mushrooms. Elthanin also has an antioxidant effect on the brain,
• 22:17
  Speaker 1: and we love antioxidants, especially when it's something that can
• 22:20
  Speaker 1: cross the blood brain barrier, like this molecule in elthenin can, okay,
• 22:27
  Speaker 1: So it's very neuroprotective in that matter. It's going to
• 22:30
  Speaker 1: help reduce inflammation. It helps with oxidization within the brain
• 22:33
  Speaker 1: because it's its targets can be within the central nervous system,
• 22:38
  Speaker 1: and its bioavailability is very high. So bioavailability means how
• 22:43
  Speaker 1: much of this is actually available within your body to
• 22:48
  Speaker 1: exert its effects. That's not being eaten up through digestion
• 22:52
  Speaker 1: and through other things that your body can interfere with.
• 22:54
  Speaker 1: When you consume a substance. There are many different vitamins
• 22:58
  Speaker 1: and supplements and minerals on the market that claim all
• 23:02
  Speaker 1: these things, but once you ingest it orally, the bioavailability
• 23:05
  Speaker 1: is just not that great based on how we digest
• 23:07
  Speaker 1: or how our body process. Is that thing lthnin brilliant bioavailability,
• 23:11
  Speaker 1: So it's between seventy two and seventy four percent. It
• 23:15
  Speaker 1: crosses the blood brain barrier within an hour of consumption,
• 23:19
  Speaker 1: and some studies also claim that it might aid in
• 23:22
  Speaker 1: ADHD symptoms. Sorry, and also some studies are claiming that
• 23:30
  Speaker 1: it might aid in ADHD symptoms for certain individuals. This
• 23:34
  Speaker 1: is not across the board. It's obviously individual dependent because
• 23:38
  Speaker 1: it is a neuromodulator, so it's helping kind of calm
• 23:40
  Speaker 1: down activity in certain parts of the brain without being
• 23:42
  Speaker 1: a sedative. Based on its effects on the glutamate pathways,
• 23:47
  Speaker 1: you're enhancing dopamine release, You're getting all this regulation of
• 23:50
  Speaker 1: GABBA as well and of glutamate. So it goes a
• 23:52
  Speaker 1: really long way in lowering the rate of mood disorders
• 23:55
  Speaker 1: such as depression and anxiety, because, like I mentioned, people
• 24:00
  Speaker 1: with mood disorders are going to have, you know, specific
• 24:03
  Speaker 1: abnormalities in these like two major excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters.
• 24:08
  Speaker 1: Um So. Also, studies have found that if you pair
• 24:12
  Speaker 1: lthan in with caffeine, it's going to be a really
• 24:16
  Speaker 1: effective way to increase focus during demanding like focus tasks. Okay,
• 24:20
  Speaker 1: So macha, green tea, these are really great sources because
• 24:24
  Speaker 1: it's already combined. For you've got your caffeine and you've
• 24:27
  Speaker 1: got your fucking lthen in. Okay, so you're getting this
• 24:30
  Speaker 1: stimulating effect of the caffeine, but you're also getting this
• 24:33
  Speaker 1: a lot but calming effect of the l the inin.
• 24:37
  Speaker 1: So basically, go fucking have a mucha tea right now,
• 24:40
  Speaker 1: is what I'm trying to get at, or a green
• 24:42
  Speaker 1: tea if you prefer. And the beauty of it is
• 24:46
  Speaker 1: is like you don't need crazy obscene amounts of caffeine
• 24:49
  Speaker 1: because you've got that combination of the l fene in
• 24:51
  Speaker 1: and of like the the smaller amount of caffeine that's
• 24:54
  Speaker 1: in the in the green tea and also in macha. Now,
• 24:57
  Speaker 1: I am going to mention a study that I did
• 24:59
  Speaker 1: mentionlast time that I spoke about this about elfenin in
• 25:02
  Speaker 1: brain fact, and the study was done by Shinsuku in
• 25:06
  Speaker 1: twenty nineteen and it was a randomized placebo controlled crossover
• 25:11
  Speaker 1: double blind trial. That is the best, most elite kind
• 25:15
  Speaker 1: of study that you can do. Okay, for many many
• 25:18
  Speaker 1: different reasons. Where you do a double blind means that
• 25:22
  Speaker 1: the researcher and the individual is blinded to if they're
• 25:26
  Speaker 1: getting the place ebo if they're not. Place Ebo controlled
• 25:29
  Speaker 1: means that they're testing the actual substance and they're doing
• 25:32
  Speaker 1: a place ebo, and crossover means that every single individual
• 25:35
  Speaker 1: has a certain amount of time with the drug that's
• 25:39
  Speaker 1: being tested or the substance, and then they also have
• 25:41
  Speaker 1: a wash out period and then they're doing a certain
• 25:43
  Speaker 1: period of time with the place ebo, but no one
• 25:45
  Speaker 1: knows which one is what. So this is a very
• 25:48
  Speaker 1: and every participant is trying both. So it's the most
• 25:51
  Speaker 1: superior fucking kind of study that you can do. Obviously,
• 25:55
  Speaker 1: not every kind of study can be done this way,
• 25:57
  Speaker 1: but if you can do it this way, that's ideal.
• 26:02
  Speaker 1: It's also really good at knocking out potential co founding
• 26:05
  Speaker 1: variables and things like that. That's why it's such a
• 26:07
  Speaker 1: good study. So basically it was done to examine what
• 26:09
  Speaker 1: kind of effect four weeks of elthan in administration on
• 26:12
  Speaker 1: stress symptoms and on cognitive function could have on healthy adults.
• 26:16
  Speaker 1: So this study was carried out for over four weeks,
• 26:18
  Speaker 1: but we're looking at the four week effect and it
• 26:21
  Speaker 1: was done on a quote unquote healthy population. So what
• 26:24
  Speaker 1: they deemed healthy population to be were people with no
• 26:28
  Speaker 1: psychiatric disorders, but who did suffer from sleep issues and
• 26:32
  Speaker 1: mood and cognitive problems. Because we're trying to look at
• 26:35
  Speaker 1: is it benefiting them or not? Okay, So they were
• 26:37
  Speaker 1: given two hundred milligrams per day of health and INN
• 26:40
  Speaker 1: in tablet form and that's how they did the place
• 26:43
  Speaker 1: ebo control because they didn't know what they were taking
• 26:45
  Speaker 1: the tablet. Is it just a sugar pill or is
• 26:46
  Speaker 1: it going to be or like a plain pill whatever,
• 26:49
  Speaker 1: or is it going to be the elth And then
• 26:51
  Speaker 1: they had a wash out period. So a wash out
• 26:52
  Speaker 1: period is a period of time where you're not taking anything.
• 26:54
  Speaker 1: It often is around the two week mark, but it
• 26:56
  Speaker 1: depends on the study. So they do the four weeks
• 26:59
  Speaker 1: or just over four weeks. Then you've got to wash
• 27:01
  Speaker 1: out period of nothing. Then you return back and you
• 27:03
  Speaker 1: do another four weeks doing the other one that you
• 27:05
  Speaker 1: didn't do. So they found that after four weeks, stress
• 27:13
  Speaker 1: symptoms went down, anxiety traits depressive treats also went down,
• 27:16
  Speaker 1: sleep quality improved. They also found that cognitive function when
• 27:20
  Speaker 1: tested on verbal fluency and executive function improved, which is amazing.
• 27:24
  Speaker 1: And this is just in four weeks. So this is
• 27:27
  Speaker 1: what two hundred milligrams of l fen in over four
• 27:30
  Speaker 1: weeks can do, which is extremely impressive. So you could
• 27:33
  Speaker 1: start by having one cup two cups of green tea
• 27:36
  Speaker 1: a day, one or two cups of much a day,
• 27:39
  Speaker 1: and hopefully you're going to start really noticing a difference. Now,
• 27:44
  Speaker 1: if you don't like green tea or much, you can
• 27:47
  Speaker 1: have a supplement form. Now, the supplements do tend to
• 27:50
  Speaker 1: be a little bit exy because it's apparently quite difficult
• 27:55
  Speaker 1: to extract the lpnn and put it into supplement form,
• 27:58
  Speaker 1: so it's not the cheap process. But look, if you
• 28:02
  Speaker 1: like green tea, if you're willing to force yourself to
• 28:04
  Speaker 1: like it, then that's going to be a much cheaper,
• 28:06
  Speaker 1: very very good alternative to the supplements. But supplements are
• 28:09
  Speaker 1: there as an option and it's going to give you
• 28:10
  Speaker 1: the same benefits. Okay, So fucking yes, that's the brain
• 28:15
  Speaker 1: fact of today, and I really hope that all of
• 28:18
  Speaker 1: you that when I release this brain fact last time,
• 28:21
  Speaker 1: the obsession that I had from everyone being like, Oh
• 28:24
  Speaker 1: my fucking god, I'm drinking green tea. Now I'm having
• 28:27
  Speaker 1: much a tea I'm having I'm doing the lth and
• 28:29
  Speaker 1: Out of all the things you've told me to take,
• 28:31
  Speaker 1: this is the most exciting one. So I really have
• 28:34
  Speaker 1: these high hopes that I've got this big surge of
• 28:36
  Speaker 1: excitement from you guys to do this for your brain.
• 28:40
  Speaker 1: You're not only doing your brain a favor from the
• 28:42
  Speaker 1: neuroprotective benefits, You're doing your mood a favor. You're doing
• 28:46
  Speaker 1: your happiness a favor. It's just so fucking good. I
• 28:49
  Speaker 1: am the spokesperson for lth Anden, and I love it.
• 28:54
  Speaker 1: You're gonna talk about a brain fact. And the brain
• 28:56
  Speaker 1: fact is motion sickness. It's also known as keinatosis. Okay,
• 29:02
  Speaker 1: why do we get motion sickness? And I'm also going
• 29:06
  Speaker 1: to explain kind of exactly what's going on in the brain.
• 29:09
  Speaker 1: Obviously that's the point of the fucking brain factor. That's
• 29:11
  Speaker 1: a very redundant sentence that I just said. All right,
• 29:13
  Speaker 1: so let's get straight into it. What fucking is motion
• 29:15
  Speaker 1: fucking sickness. It is feeling dizzy, fatigue, feeling nausea due
• 29:21
  Speaker 1: to movement off you know, like when you're in a
• 29:24
  Speaker 1: vehicle or a boat. Okay, so thirty percent of the
• 29:28
  Speaker 1: population experiences motion sickness. Okay, for some people it's while
• 29:34
  Speaker 1: they're doing a specific task. So for example, you'll only
• 29:37
  Speaker 1: experience it when you're reading while driving, but if we
• 29:41
  Speaker 1: hopefully you're not reading while you're driving, but when someone
• 29:43
  Speaker 1: else is driving, but if you're looking out the window,
• 29:45
  Speaker 1: you don't experience it. For some people, it's more just
• 29:48
  Speaker 1: on a boat in the ocean, but they're fine in
• 29:50
  Speaker 1: a car. So it varies from person to person. But
• 29:54
  Speaker 1: some people even experience it in a cinema as well.
• 29:58
  Speaker 1: If there's like a lot of movement, or if it's
• 30:00
  Speaker 1: three D vision where it's really realistic, they may even
• 30:03
  Speaker 1: experience motion sickness at the movies, which is fucking wild.
• 30:07
  Speaker 1: But basically, what is going on, and I'll break it
• 30:10
  Speaker 1: down a little bit deeper, is that we're getting this
• 30:14
  Speaker 1: mismatch between the sensory information the sensory input that your
• 30:18
  Speaker 1: brain is receiving, and the result of that mismatch is nausea,
• 30:23
  Speaker 1: and I'll explain exactly why that is or the main
• 30:25
  Speaker 1: theory as to what neuroscientists believe is behind this. So
• 30:30
  Speaker 1: this mismatch involves primarily two regions. You've got your vestibular system,
• 30:36
  Speaker 1: which is the inner ear. I've done a whole brain
• 30:39
  Speaker 1: fact on the vestibular system and your visual system and
• 30:43
  Speaker 1: a little bit of appropriate reception as well. But your
• 30:46
  Speaker 1: visual system obviously your eyes. And when you get a
• 30:48
  Speaker 1: mismatch of the input that's coming in, that's where the
• 30:52
  Speaker 1: problem is and that's what we become motion sickness. That's why
• 30:55
  Speaker 1: they say, if you're reading, don't read, look out the
• 30:56
  Speaker 1: window and the motion sickness will go away. You'll understand
• 30:59
  Speaker 1: that in a sect. So first let's talk about the
• 31:01
  Speaker 1: vestibular system. So the vestibular system, this is in your
• 31:03
  Speaker 1: inner ear. It's basically its role is to detect motion, balance,
• 31:10
  Speaker 1: spatial orientation, and it's got these three semicircular canals. And
• 31:16
  Speaker 1: if you look, if you were to google an image
• 31:18
  Speaker 1: of the vestibular system the inner ear, you'll see these
• 31:20
  Speaker 1: kind of three canals that go on different planes, like
• 31:23
  Speaker 1: the vertical, the horizontal, so they're all on different planes,
• 31:27
  Speaker 1: and they detect rotational and linear movement. This is also
• 31:33
  Speaker 1: where I think I did a brain fact on this,
• 31:35
  Speaker 1: where I talk about how you've actually got rocks in
• 31:37
  Speaker 1: your head, but we've got these tiny, tiny, tiny little
• 31:39
  Speaker 1: crystals in our inner ear. And when the crystals kind
• 31:42
  Speaker 1: of roll from one side to the other, like literally
• 31:45
  Speaker 1: rocks in your head. So when someone said you got
• 31:46
  Speaker 1: rocks in your head, being like, as do you, as
• 31:48
  Speaker 1: do we all, but these little crystals they kind of
• 31:52
  Speaker 1: like will roll, and the inner ear detects that movement
• 31:56
  Speaker 1: and helps determine your orientation and where you are as
• 32:00
  Speaker 1: far as like what direction you're heading, what plane you're on,
• 32:03
  Speaker 1: what like movement, how fast you're going all of that, okay,
• 32:07
  Speaker 1: um and rotation and all of that. So, when you
• 32:11
  Speaker 1: are in a moving vehicle such as a car, a boat,
• 32:13
  Speaker 1: this vestibular system senses the movement of that vehicle even
• 32:18
  Speaker 1: if you're seated, because its senses acceleration, it sensors movement, okay,
• 32:24
  Speaker 1: forward movement in general. The visual system obviously is providing
• 32:29
  Speaker 1: information to your brain about your surrounding environment what you
• 32:34
  Speaker 1: can see, Okay, So when you are in a moving
• 32:37
  Speaker 1: car or boat, you can either see the changing scene
• 32:40
  Speaker 1: from outside of you and it's coming into the brain
• 32:42
  Speaker 1: being like, yep, the scener is changing, the vestibular system
• 32:45
  Speaker 1: is saying, yep, we're moving, so all is well. Versus
• 32:48
  Speaker 1: if you're looking at something still while your vestibular system
• 32:52
  Speaker 1: is telling your brain we are moving, but I'm looking
• 32:53
  Speaker 1: at something still, so my visual system is saying we're
• 32:55
  Speaker 1: not moving, the vestibulait is saying we are moving. Okay.
• 33:00
  Speaker 1: So that's where you're getting a different input with the
• 33:03
  Speaker 1: visual system. Then proprioception and sensor integration also plays a role.
• 33:07
  Speaker 1: So that's your body's awareness of like due to your
• 33:11
  Speaker 1: muscles and your joints and stuff where your physical body
• 33:14
  Speaker 1: is in space. That also plays a bit of a role. Now,
• 33:19
  Speaker 1: the theory is called the sensory mismatch theory. So the
• 33:21
  Speaker 1: most widely accepted theory from euroscientists for motion sickness is
• 33:27
  Speaker 1: this sensory mismatch theory or sensory conflict theory, okay, And
• 33:32
  Speaker 1: it basically suggests that motion sickness is occurring when you're
• 33:36
  Speaker 1: receiving contradictory signals from the vestibular, visual, and proprioception systems
• 33:42
  Speaker 1: within the brain. Okay, so you're getting one part saying
• 33:44
  Speaker 1: we're moving, the other part saying we're not moving. But
• 33:47
  Speaker 1: why that's all well and good, But why do we
• 33:50
  Speaker 1: get sick? Why do we need to vomit? So your
• 33:52
  Speaker 1: brain stem, which is the part of the brain that's
• 33:56
  Speaker 1: in between your spinal cords. Your spinal cord goes up,
• 33:58
  Speaker 1: then you've got the brain stem and and you've got
• 34:00
  Speaker 1: your hemispheres and cerebellum like the main part of the
• 34:02
  Speaker 1: brain that you've seen in drawings or pictures of a brain.
• 34:06
  Speaker 1: This brainstem plays a very significant role in coordinating sensory information.
• 34:11
  Speaker 1: That's one of the major roles that the brain stem has. Okay,
• 34:14
  Speaker 1: And when conflicting information reaches the brainstem, it really struggles
• 34:18
  Speaker 1: to resolve this conflict of information. It doesn't really understand
• 34:23
  Speaker 1: what's going on, but it knows that something's wrong because
• 34:25
  Speaker 1: that shouldn't be happening, okay. And then because of that,
• 34:29
  Speaker 1: the brain stem activates the autonomic nervous system. It's like,
• 34:33
  Speaker 1: something's not right. It's going to trigger a response in
• 34:35
  Speaker 1: the automatic nervous system, and the ANS is responsible for
• 34:38
  Speaker 1: involuntary bodily functions. One of those things is digestion, but
• 34:41
  Speaker 1: of course also vomiting, nausea or sweating, being dizzy, increased
• 34:46
  Speaker 1: heart rate, things like that. So what these neuroscientists believe,
• 34:51
  Speaker 1: or what this theory is saying, is that the brain
• 34:54
  Speaker 1: interprets this sensory mismatch as a sign of potential neurotoxicity.
• 34:59
  Speaker 1: So it thinks that maybe we've ingested some kind of
• 35:03
  Speaker 1: toxin or some kind of poison, because sometimes the side
• 35:06
  Speaker 1: effect of a toxin or a poison is a sensory mismatch.
• 35:10
  Speaker 1: So your brain already identifies, it knows that when there
• 35:13
  Speaker 1: is a mismatch in the signals, when there's a discrepancy
• 35:16
  Speaker 1: in what's being interpreted in the brain stem, you've probably
• 35:19
  Speaker 1: ingested a toxin, you've probably ingested a poison. And of
• 35:22
  Speaker 1: course the body responds to a potential threat of toxicity
• 35:26
  Speaker 1: or poisoning by making you vomit. It tries to expel
• 35:31
  Speaker 1: anything that you may have ingested to rid itself of
• 35:34
  Speaker 1: these perceived toxins. Okay, so that's the theory, which in
• 35:38
  Speaker 1: my opinion, I mean, obviously theories come with a lot
• 35:41
  Speaker 1: of research, a lot of you know, supporting evidence. It's
• 35:44
  Speaker 1: not to say it's definitely one hundred percent it, But
• 35:46
  Speaker 1: that's kind of where the belief is, and I think
• 35:48
  Speaker 1: it really makes a lot of sense, especially if you
• 35:50
  Speaker 1: if you understand the anatomy of the brain and where
• 35:52
  Speaker 1: these regions are located, it makes a lot of sense
• 35:54
  Speaker 1: that this is the reason. Now there is room for
• 35:59
  Speaker 1: adaptation and something called habituation as well. So if you
• 36:03
  Speaker 1: are repeatedly exposed to this thing, For example, if you
• 36:06
  Speaker 1: were to start reading regularly while in a car or
• 36:10
  Speaker 1: on a train, if you were to start going out
• 36:12
  Speaker 1: on ocean trips where the water is quite chopping in,
• 36:14
  Speaker 1: the boat's moving a bit really regularly, then for a
• 36:17
  Speaker 1: lot of people you will kind of become habituated to
• 36:21
  Speaker 1: that thing. Your brain adapts, and that's why you know,
• 36:26
  Speaker 1: you can have people that will first go on a
• 36:28
  Speaker 1: boat and they can't handle it, but if they worked
• 36:30
  Speaker 1: on a boat, they're like, oh my god, I can't
• 36:31
  Speaker 1: believe I used to be motionsick. Now it's fine because
• 36:33
  Speaker 1: the brain understands. It's like, oh, well, this obviously isn't
• 36:35
  Speaker 1: a threat. This is obviously an environment that we're put
• 36:37
  Speaker 1: in for whatever reason. It's happening repeatedly. It's not hurting me.
• 36:41
  Speaker 1: So then I'm going to stop sending these signals to
• 36:43
  Speaker 1: make you vomit, because, for whatever reason, I now need
• 36:45
  Speaker 1: to interpret this mismatch as just part of your every
• 36:48
  Speaker 1: day okay. So it basically loans to like integrate these
• 36:53
  Speaker 1: conflicting signals as just another part of what you were
• 36:56
  Speaker 1: doing in your everyday behavior. So that is the fu
• 37:00
  Speaker 1: Can brain fact for today. And I think that's really
• 37:02
  Speaker 1: really interesting