Latest / INSIGHT TODAY / US, China plot cold war-style 'RED PHONE' for AI emergencies

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US, China plot cold war-style 'RED PHONE' for AI emergencies · INSIGHT TODAY

• 0:00
  Speaker 1: Well, businesses in China are working hard to make their
• 0:02
  Speaker 1: own major AI advances. Chief international correspondent Steve Harrigan reports
• 0:07
  Speaker 1: live in Beijing as the nation awaits this high-stakes summit.
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  Speaker 2: Jackie, preps here are underway across the world for this
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  Speaker 2: major summit on Thursday. And right here in Beijing, there's
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  Speaker 2: talk about this new potential AI hotline. It would be
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  Speaker 2: a hotline between the U.S. and China, and it would
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  Speaker 2: go into effect when there was a national security threat
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  Speaker 2: from AI. Here's the Treasury Secretary.
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  Speaker 3: Well, the notification for whether there are incidents, whether there
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  Speaker 3: has been something that rises up to.
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  Speaker 3: National security level from AI, because we think that just
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  Speaker 3: like with any cross-border activity, that moving from opaque to
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  Speaker 3: more transparency between the number one and the number two
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  Speaker 3: AI powers in the world is very important.
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  Speaker 2: That when it comes to AI, this could be a
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  Speaker 2: real balancing act between the U.S. and China. On the
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  Speaker 2: one hand, the two superpowers hope to work together on
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  Speaker 2: AI when it comes to safety and its development. On
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  Speaker 2: the other hand, the two are competing for supremacy in AI.
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  Speaker 2: The Chinese officials here in Beijing say this summit could
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  Speaker 2: prove to be historic.
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  Speaker 5: The reciprocal visits by the heads of state of China
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  Speaker 5: and the United States within half a year are of
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  Speaker 5: historic and milestone significance.
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  Speaker 2: One thing that doesn't exist here in China is any
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  Speaker 2: debate about slowing down the progress of AI. This government
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  Speaker 2: says it intends to spend $ 500 billion over the next
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  Speaker 2: several years building up data centers.
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  Speaker 5: Jackie.
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  Speaker 1: A lot to watch there. Steve Harrigan in Beijing. Thank
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  Speaker 1: you so much.
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  Speaker 4: So now more on this with U.S. Trade Representative Jameson
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  Speaker 4: Greer live here in New York. And it's nice to
• 1:58
  Speaker 4: see you again in person. Good morning to you.
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  Speaker 5: Great to be here.
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  Speaker 4: You and the Treasury Secretary and the Chinese delegation spent
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  Speaker 4: a lot of time on Sunday together. And we'll see
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  Speaker 4: what gets done this week. Secretary Besant last night said
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  Speaker 4: there was an agreement on a U.S.-China AI dialogue.
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  Speaker 2: What's that mean?
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  Speaker 4: What is that about?
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  Speaker 5: Well, I like to think of it almost as a hotline, right?
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  Speaker 5: You think about the red phone during the Cold War
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  Speaker 5: to make sure if there are incidents or issues that
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  Speaker 5: come up, there can be quick dialogue. But it's not
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  Speaker 5: just that, right? It's a broader opportunity to engage with
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  Speaker 5: the Chinese on this new technology that's going to change
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  Speaker 5: our economy. It's going to change our world. And the
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  Speaker 5: two largest powers have to be able to have a conversation.
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  Speaker 4: So practically speaking, if something went wrong, we'd have to
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  Speaker 4: tell them and they'd have to tell us?
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  Speaker 5: Well, I think we want to figure out the bounds
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  Speaker 5: of what we should and shouldn't tell each other, right?
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  Speaker 5: There's still national security bounds to this. But there should
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  Speaker 5: be a baseline understanding that each side, if there's an emergency,
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  Speaker 5: if there's a crisis, we should be able to have
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  Speaker 5: a hotline to tell each other.
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  Speaker 4: Now, has China agreed to this proposal?
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  Speaker 5: Well, we've agreed to have a dialogue. I think part
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  Speaker 5: of the dialogue... What needs to happen now is Secretary
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  Speaker 5: Besson and others on the team have to talk about
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  Speaker 5: what are the actual working procedures, what are the terms
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  Speaker 5: of reference, how do we operate together, how do we
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  Speaker 5: protect American national security, how much information do you share,
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  Speaker 5: and how do you approach it?
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  Speaker 4: Okay, so it's my understanding that up until now, and
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  Speaker 4: I guess even tomorrow and going into the future, the
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  Speaker 4: AI companies, OpenAI, Anthropic, and others, they're self-reporting these incidents, correct?
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  Speaker 2: They are, right?
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  Speaker 5: You have some other folks out there who are independent
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  Speaker 5: verifiers or folks who are trying to find out where
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  Speaker 5: AI could go wrong or could go right. So you
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  Speaker 5: do have third parties, but it's helpful at least for
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  Speaker 5: the government to have an ability to look at this
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  Speaker 5: and communicate with other governments.
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  Speaker 4: So we're relying on them to tell us what's going wrong.
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  Speaker 4: Would it not be more credible if you had independent
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  Speaker 4: eyes on this reporting? Say like a tech reporter from
• 3:49
  Speaker 4: the Wall Street Journal or the New York Times or
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  Speaker 4: even Fox News.
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  Speaker 5: Well, remember, we are at the threshold of a new technology.
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  Speaker 5: We've never had it before. We're learning about how to
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  Speaker 5: approach it. We don't want to create a situation where
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  Speaker 5: we cut ourselves off from the benefits of the technology
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  Speaker 5: or we cede leadership to China or anyone else. So
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  Speaker 5: we want to make sure that AI development can go
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  Speaker 5: forward relatively untrammeled. But at the same time, we want
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  Speaker 5: to make sure that the government is taking seriously its
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  Speaker 5: national security obligations, obligations to American people.
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  Speaker 4: I know we're concerned about losing the edge, and the
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  Speaker 4: Chinese have their concerns also. Well, we're ahead.
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  Speaker 2: Agreed.
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  Speaker 4: What's the chance this actually comes together in some sort
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  Speaker 4: of agreement?
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  Speaker 5: Well, for sure we have the dialogue set up. I mean,
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  Speaker 5: that is agreed. You know, the question becomes, how much
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  Speaker 5: do we cooperate within the dialogue? Where can we actually cooperate?
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  Speaker 5: Are there standards or ideas that can be held in common?
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  Speaker 5: If we're at the forefront of establishing these standards, establishing rules,
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  Speaker 5: that's how we want it to be. And ideally, listen,
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  Speaker 5: we're a deregulatory administration. We don't want to put too
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  Speaker 5: many restrictions. We just want to make sure that the
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  Speaker 5: American national security is preserved.
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  Speaker 4: OK, so on Thursday, I guess they see each other
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  Speaker 4: for the first time, maybe Wednesday night, Thursday for sure.
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  Speaker 4: I was in Beijing in May. It seemed very little
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  Speaker 4: was produced from that summit other than a relationship and
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  Speaker 4: a handshake. Can we expect more from this week?
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  Speaker 5: Well, I think, first of all, the relationship is the
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  Speaker 5: most important thing. These are relationships that did not exist
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  Speaker 5: in the Biden administration. So we're happy to have President
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  Speaker 5: Trump and President Xi have a good rapport and relationship
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  Speaker 5: At the working level, we are implementing it. What you'll
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  Speaker 5: see this week is the actual announcement and establishment of
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  Speaker 5: something called the Board of Trade, which we talked about
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  Speaker 5: back in May in Beijing. We now have working procedures
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  Speaker 5: set up. We have terms of reference. We're actually going
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  Speaker 5: through and we're picking a relatively small subset of goods
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  Speaker 5: where America and China agree that we should be trading.
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  Speaker 5: As you know, we have vast tariffs on China. We
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  Speaker 5: have for many years. We will continue in the years
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  Speaker 5: to come. But going forward, is there a small subset
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  Speaker 5: of goods that we can just keep aside from any
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  Speaker 5: trade disputes, things that we're not concerned about, right? Low-tech
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  Speaker 5: consumer goods, et cetera, things we want to send to them, ag,
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  Speaker 5: energy products, medical devices. There is a world where we
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  Speaker 5: have relatively small balance trade with China, and we're going
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  Speaker 5: to have disputes on the rest.
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  Speaker 4: But in May, we were told that China agreed to
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  Speaker 4: buy hundreds of Boeing airplanes.
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  Speaker 2: Hasn't happened.
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  Speaker 4: In May, we were told they were going to buy
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  Speaker 4: a lot of U.S. farm products.
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  Speaker 2: Hasn't happened.
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  Speaker 4: So where do those two.
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  Speaker 5: Well, I'm not sure how you've been briefed, Bill. But
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  Speaker 5: first of all, with the soybeans, they're doing exactly what
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  Speaker 5: they said they would do. They recently passed the halfway
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  Speaker 5: mark on their soybean commitment, and this is the buying time.
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  Speaker 5: We talked about an additional commitment on agricultural goods. They're
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  Speaker 5: about $ 4 billion into that. So they're buying, right? This
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  Speaker 5: is the buying time. This is the harvest time. We
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  Speaker 5: have things about rare earths, which is a perennial issue.
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  Speaker 5: They're sending it. We'd like it to be more regular.
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  Speaker 5: We'd like it to be more smooth, and we'd like
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  Speaker 5: higher quantities. So that's why we tend to go in
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  Speaker 5: periods of months so we can have compliance because we
• 6:55
  Speaker 5: know that sometimes the Chinese comply, sometimes they don't. They're
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  Speaker 5: buying ag, other things. We need to see better compliance.
• 7:01
  Speaker 4: Two things quickly. Have they bought a Boeing jet according.
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  Speaker 5: To the deal? So they've talked to that. We talked
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  Speaker 5: to them yesterday. There are about 140 that are in
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  Speaker 5: a good state. There are an additional 10 that are
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  Speaker 5: writing down the orders, and there are about 28 left
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  Speaker 5: after that. So there were 200 committed, and they're through.
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  Speaker 5: They have paperwork on you know, 150.
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  Speaker 4: So are you satisfied with what was agreed to in
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  Speaker 4: May at this point then? That's the question.
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  Speaker 5: With respect to Boeing's, they're making progress on that. With
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  Speaker 5: respect to ag, they're making progress on that. On rare earths,
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  Speaker 5: we want them to do better.
• 7:32
  Speaker 4: Because a lot of farmers in Iowa, they're looking at
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  Speaker 4: this and they want help. And that's clear from the
• 7:37
  Speaker 4: polling we've gotten coming up in the midterms. Two more things.
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  Speaker 4: Is the Iran war making this relationship more complicated?
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  Speaker 5: So it does add a layer of complexity. That being said,
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  Speaker 5: the Chinese have heard the president. They've heard Secretary Besant.
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  Speaker 5: on Iran. And we have been very clear that they
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  Speaker 5: can't contribute materially to Iran's belligerence. We have asked them
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  Speaker 5: to moderate their oil shipments. Now, they buy oil from Iran. Frankly,
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  Speaker 5: a lot of that oil is just not getting out.
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  Speaker 5: So whether they want it or not, it's just not available.
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  Speaker 5: And the Chinese have, generally speaking, steered clear of the
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  Speaker 5: Iran situation.
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  Speaker 4: What does a good outcome of a summit at the
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  Speaker 4: White House look like come Friday?
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  Speaker 5: Well, the first thing is we maintain that stable relationship.
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  Speaker 5: There's not some giant grand bargain to be had between
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  Speaker 5: China and the US. Our economies are too different. Our
• 8:28
  Speaker 5: political systems are too different. So what we really want
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  Speaker 5: to have is continued stability, something we agree with on
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  Speaker 5: the Chinese. We have the AI dialogue that will start
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  Speaker 5: in earnest. And then we have the Board of Trade,
• 8:39
  Speaker 5: where we'll be able to announce the working procedures. We'll
• 8:41
  Speaker 5: be able to announce a set of goods. We think
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  Speaker 5: that If there are future trade measures, we just leave
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  Speaker 5: it out and we let trade go on as normal.
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  Speaker 5: Those are the big outcomes. That will bring stability to
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  Speaker 5: the relationship.
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  Speaker 2: Okay.
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  Speaker 4: We're watching every hour of every day. And my best
• 8:52
  Speaker 4: to you and thank you for your time.
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  Speaker 3: Thanks so much.
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  Speaker 4: For coming in the studio. Ambassador Greer, thank you.
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  Speaker 5: Thank you.
• 8:56
  Speaker 2: Now this.
• 8:58
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• 9:00
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• 9:04
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