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012 - Skaldskaparmal 23-35 · Prose Edda

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  Speaker 1: Skulds caparmal sections twenty three to thirty five of the
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  Speaker 1: prose Eta by Snorri Sturlussen, translated by Arthur Gilchrist Brodeur
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  Speaker 1: eighteen eighty eight to nineteen seventy one. This librivax recording
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  Speaker 1: is in the public domain recording by expatriate in Bangor, Maine.
• 0:21
  Speaker 1: The poesy of Skalds section twenty three. How should the
• 0:27
  Speaker 1: heaven be paraphrased? Thus call it skull of Emir, and
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  Speaker 1: hence giant skull, task or burden of the dwarfs, or
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  Speaker 1: helm of Vestry and Austri, Sudri or Nordri, land of
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  Speaker 1: the Sun, of the moon and of the stars, of heaven,
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  Speaker 1: of the wines in the winds, helm or house of
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  Speaker 1: the air, and the earth and the Sun. So sang
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  Speaker 1: ar Noor earls skuld so large of gifts, ne'er mounted
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  Speaker 1: young lord of shiels on ship deck neath the ancient
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  Speaker 1: skull of Emir splendid the Prince's largesse, And as he
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  Speaker 1: sang again bright grows the sun at Dusking, the earth
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  Speaker 1: sinks into the dark sea, the toil of Oustree bursteth
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  Speaker 1: all the ocean on the fells breaks. Thus sang Budvar
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  Speaker 1: the halt, for never neath the Sun's plain shall come
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  Speaker 1: a nobler landword keener in battle onset nor a brother
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  Speaker 1: of Ingy better. And as Teuldefer of Finn sang Heyward's
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  Speaker 1: son drove to the steel play high swelled the godlike
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  Speaker 1: anger in the mind of Miley's brother, and the moonway
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  Speaker 1: neath him quivered, even as sang Or mere berry Skald,
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  Speaker 1: Lady of Droup, nears gore streak. However great I know him,
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  Speaker 1: the wielder by right he ruleth of the Wain's roads,
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  Speaker 1: sees me gladly, even as the skulld Broggie sang he who,
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  Speaker 1: through the dead eyes of Tiazi Skadi's father, into the
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  Speaker 1: wind's wide basin or the abodes of men folk many,
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  Speaker 1: and as Marcus sang tis long since the dear loved
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  Speaker 1: Warder of Seamen was born on the wave gird earth
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  Speaker 1: bottom of the storm container. Each man praises the sublime
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  Speaker 1: age of the ringed dispenser, even as shtein herdis Sarsen
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  Speaker 1: sang I sing the holy ruler of the high world
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  Speaker 1: tent rather than men, For very precious is he his
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  Speaker 1: praises tell I, and as Arnor Earl Skald sang, help
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  Speaker 1: dear King of Heaven the Day's plain, help my hermunder,
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  Speaker 1: and as Arnor sang further Soothfast King of the Sun
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  Speaker 1: tents help stout hearted Ragenbaldur, and as holvardr sang Cunuter
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  Speaker 1: wards the land, as the ruler of all wards their
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  Speaker 1: radiant fell Hall, as Arnor sang Michael wise of understanding,
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  Speaker 1: weighs what seems done ill and good things. Then the
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  Speaker 1: monarch of the Sun's helm at the doom seat parts
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  Speaker 1: all mortals Section twenty four. How should one paraphrase the
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  Speaker 1: earth thus by calling her flesh of emir and mother
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  Speaker 1: of Thor, daughter of onar Odin's bride, co wife of
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  Speaker 1: frig and Render and Gunnlod, mother in law of scythe
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  Speaker 1: floor and bottom of the storm hall, sea of beasts,
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  Speaker 1: daughter of Night, sister of ouder and of Day, even
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  Speaker 1: as Ivender, scald Despoiler sang. Now the beaming gold is
• 3:47
  Speaker 1: hidden in the body of the mother of the Giant's foe.
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  Speaker 1: The councils of a kindred strong are mighty, as sang
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  Speaker 1: halfreder troubleous scald In Council Twas determined that the king's
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  Speaker 1: friend wise in counsel should wed the land sole daughter
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  Speaker 1: of Onnar greenly wooded. And he said further, the raven
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  Speaker 1: Abode's brave ruler got the broad faced bride of odin
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  Speaker 1: the land with kingly counsels of weapons lured unto him.
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  Speaker 1: Even as Tulduffer sang, the ruler glad in warriors in
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  Speaker 1: the road hull doth fasten the ships of men to
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  Speaker 1: the strand's end at the head of the sea. Keel
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  Speaker 1: ridden is Halfreder sang full loath to let the land
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  Speaker 1: slip I hold the lordly spear. Prince Ouder's sister is
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  Speaker 1: subjected to the splendid treasure spender. Thus sang till daufer
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  Speaker 1: far off when the dart slow sluggard stood, when the
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  Speaker 1: sword inciter in ancient days took to him the unripe
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  Speaker 1: co wife of Rinder Section twenty five. How should one
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  Speaker 1: paraphrase is the sea thus by calling it Emir's blood,
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  Speaker 1: visitor of the gods, husband of Vran, father of Egir's daughters,
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  Speaker 1: of them who are called Himingleva Dupa Blodughada hefring Uder
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  Speaker 1: hrun Bigha Bara Kolga, land of Ran and of Egir's daughters,
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  Speaker 1: of ships, and of ship's names, of the keel, of beaks,
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  Speaker 1: of planks and seams, of fishes, of ice, way and
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  Speaker 1: road of sea kings. Likewise encirclar of islands, houses of sands,
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  Speaker 1: and of kelp, and of reefs, land of fishing gear,
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  Speaker 1: of sea fowls, and of fair wind. Even as Ormer berries,
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  Speaker 1: Skald sang on the gravelly beach of good ships grates
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  Speaker 1: the blood of Emir, as refer sang, the mild deer
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  Speaker 1: of the masthead beareth o'er the murky water from the westward,
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  Speaker 1: or wave press boughs the land I look for before
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  Speaker 1: the beak the whale home shallows, even as Stein sang
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  Speaker 1: when the fallow fell Wall's whirlwinds wove o'er the waves
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  Speaker 1: full fiercely, and Eager's storm glad daughter's tore of grim
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  Speaker 1: frost begotten, And as refer sang, Gimeir's wet, cold spee
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  Speaker 1: wife whiles the bare of twisted cables oft into Eager's
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  Speaker 1: wide jaws, where the angry billow breaketh. It is said
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  Speaker 1: here that Eager and Gimir are both the same, And
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  Speaker 1: he sang further, and the sea peaks slight near Sliddeth.
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  Speaker 1: The stormy breast rain driven the wave with red stain
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  Speaker 1: running out of white Ron's mouth. As Einar Skulason sang,
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  Speaker 1: the stern snow wind has thrust out with strength the
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  Speaker 1: ship from landward. The swanland steed sees Iceland into the
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  Speaker 1: surf receding, and as he sang further, many a stiff
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  Speaker 1: roe lock strained, and the noisy strand of fish gear
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  Speaker 1: the sea. The lands o'ercometh Men's hands off span the stays,
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  Speaker 1: and he sang yet further. The gray isle fetter urges
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  Speaker 1: Haiti's raven ship onward gold beaks. The fleet ships carry
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  Speaker 1: rich that faring to the chieftain, and he sang again.
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  Speaker 1: The isle rim autumn chilli impels the dock's cold snowshoe,
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  Speaker 1: and thus also the cool lands surging girdle. Before the
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  Speaker 1: beak springs asunder as Snabiorn sang, they say, nine brides
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  Speaker 1: of scarries swiftly move the sea churn of Grote's island
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  Speaker 1: flower bin beyond the earth last outskirt. They who long
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  Speaker 1: the corny ale ground of um Lodi, the giver of
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  Speaker 1: rings now cuts with ship's beak. The abiding place of
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  Speaker 1: boat sides. Here the sea is called Umlodi's churn as
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  Speaker 1: inar sculasen sang the sturdy drive nails weaken in the
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  Speaker 1: swift swirl, where paleth Rockney's heaving plane wind puffs the
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  Speaker 1: reefs against the stays. Section twenty six. How should one
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  Speaker 1: paraphrase the sun by calling her daughter of Mundilfari, sister
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  Speaker 1: of the moon, wife of Glennar, fire of heaven and
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  Speaker 1: of the air. Even as schooly torstein son sang Glenner's
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  Speaker 1: god blithe bedmate wadeth into the goddess's mansion with rays.
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  Speaker 1: Then the good light cometh a gray sark mani downward.
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  Speaker 1: Thus sang einar sculasen. Where so the lofty, flickering flame
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  Speaker 1: of the world's hull swimmeth o'er our loved friend who
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  Speaker 1: hateth and lavisheth the sea gold Section twenty seven. How
• 8:52
  Speaker 1: should the wind be paraphrased? Thus call it son of Thorgnjotur,
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  Speaker 1: brother of the sea and of fire, gathe or Ruin
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  Speaker 1: or hound or wolf of the wood, or of the
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  Speaker 1: saale or of the rigging. Thus spakes fine in the
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  Speaker 1: norder setu drapa first began to fly fog Jotur's son's
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  Speaker 1: ill shapen Section twenty eight. How should one paraphrase fire?
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  Speaker 1: Thus call it brother of the wind and the sea,
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  Speaker 1: ruin and destruction of wood and of houses Halfur's bane,
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  Speaker 1: son of houses? Section twenty nine. How should winter be paraphrased?
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  Speaker 1: Thus call it son of vinsvalor, destruction of serpents, tempest season.
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  Speaker 1: Thus sang or mr Steintrsen to the blind man. I
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  Speaker 1: proffer this blessing Vinswaler's son, Thus sang Asgrimer, the warlike spoil,
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  Speaker 1: bestower lavish of wealth, that winter snake's woe in Trondheim tarried,
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  Speaker 1: though folk knew the true actions. Section thirty How should
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  Speaker 1: one paraphrase summer? Thus call it Sonesfasudor and comfort of
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  Speaker 1: serpents and growth of men, even as aegio scala Grinson saying,
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  Speaker 1: we shall wave our swords o dire of wolf's teeth,
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  Speaker 1: make them glitter, a deed we have for reeking in
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  Speaker 1: the comfort of dale serpents. Section thirty one. How should
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  Speaker 1: man be paraphrased by his works? By that which he
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  Speaker 1: gives or receives or does He may also be paraphrased
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  Speaker 1: in terms of his property, those things which he possesses,
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  Speaker 1: and if he be liberal of his liberality, likewise, in
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  Speaker 1: terms of the families from which he is descended, as
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  Speaker 1: well as of those which have sprung from him. How
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  Speaker 1: is one to paraphrase him in terms of these things?
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  Speaker 1: Thus by calling him accomplisher or performer of his goings
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  Speaker 1: or his conduct of his battles, or see voyages or huntings,
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  Speaker 1: or weapons or ships. And because he is a tester
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  Speaker 1: of weapons and a winner of battles, the words for
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  Speaker 1: winter and wood being the same as are also those
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  Speaker 1: for tester and rowan. Therefore, from these phrases Skalds have
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  Speaker 1: called Man ash or maple grove or other masculine tree names,
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  Speaker 1: and paraphrased him in such expressions in terms of battles,
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  Speaker 1: or ships or possessions. It is also correct to paraphrase
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  Speaker 1: Man with all the names of the eeser also with
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  Speaker 1: giant terms, and this last is for the most part
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  Speaker 1: for mocking or libelous purposes. Paraphrasis with the names of
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  Speaker 1: elves is held to be favorable. Women should be paraphrased
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  Speaker 1: with reference to all female garments, gold and jewels, ale
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  Speaker 1: or wine or any other drink, or to that which
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  Speaker 1: she dispenses or gives. Likewise, with reference to ale vessels,
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  Speaker 1: and to all those things which it becomes her to
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  Speaker 1: perform to give. It is correct to paraphrase her thus
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  Speaker 1: by calling her giver or user of that of which
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  Speaker 1: she partakes. But the words forgiver and user are also
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  Speaker 1: names of trees. Therefore woman is called in metaphorical speech
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  Speaker 1: by all feminine tree names. Woman is paraphrased with reference
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  Speaker 1: to jewels or agates for this reason. In Heathen times,
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  Speaker 1: what was called a stone necklace, which they wore about
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  Speaker 1: the neck, was a part of a woman's apparel. Now
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  Speaker 1: it is used figuratively in such a way as to
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  Speaker 1: paraphrase woman with stones and all names of stones. Woman
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  Speaker 1: is also metaphorically called by the names of assignor or
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  Speaker 1: the vulkirs or norns, or women of supernatural kind. It
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  Speaker 1: is also correct to paraphrase woman in terms of all
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  Speaker 1: her conduct, or property or family. Section thirty two. How
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  Speaker 1: should gold be paraphrased? Thus by calling it eageer's fire
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  Speaker 1: and needles of glassier hair of sif snood of fulla,
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  Speaker 1: Freya's tears, talk and voice and word of giants, drought, nears,
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  Speaker 1: drop and rain or shower of drop near or of
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  Speaker 1: Freya's eyes, otter's wrensome forced payment of the esir, seed
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  Speaker 1: of furious plain cairn, roof of Hugi, fire of all waters,
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  Speaker 1: and of the hand stone and reef or gleam of
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  Speaker 1: the hand section thirty three. Wherefore is gold called Egir's fire.
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  Speaker 1: This tale is to the same purport as we have
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  Speaker 1: told before. Eagir went to Asgard to a feast, but
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  Speaker 1: when he was ready to return home, he invited Odin
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  Speaker 1: and all the esir to visit him. In three months time,
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  Speaker 1: firs came Odin and Nyulder Freer, Tyr, Broggie, Vidar Loki. Likewise,
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  Speaker 1: the assignor frig Freya gefhun Skadi Edun sif Thora was
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  Speaker 1: not there, having gone into the Eastern line to slay trolls.
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  Speaker 1: When the gods had sat down in their places straightway,
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  Speaker 1: Eager had bright gold brought in onto the floor of
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  Speaker 1: the hole, and the gold gave forth light and illumined
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  Speaker 1: the hole like fire, and it was used therefore lights
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  Speaker 1: at his banquet, even as in Valhalla swords were used
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  Speaker 1: in place of fire. Then Loki bandied sharp words with
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  Speaker 1: all the gods, and slew one of Eager's throlls him
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  Speaker 1: who was gold five finger. Another of his throlls was
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  Speaker 1: named fire kindler Ran is the name of Eager's wife,
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  Speaker 1: and their daughters are nine. Even as we have written before,
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  Speaker 1: at this feast all things were self served, both food
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  Speaker 1: and ale, and all implements needful to the feast. Then
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  Speaker 1: the eesier became aware that Ron had that net wherein
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  Speaker 1: she was wont to catch all men who go upon
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  Speaker 1: the sea. Now this tale is to show, whence it comes,
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  Speaker 1: that gold is called fire or light or brightness of
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  Speaker 1: Eager of Ran, or of Eager's daughters. And now such
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  Speaker 1: use is made of these metaphors, that gold is called
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  Speaker 1: fire of the sea, and of all names of the sea.
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  Speaker 1: Even as Eager or Run had names associated with the sea.
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  Speaker 1: Therefore gold is now called fire of waters, or of rivers,
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  Speaker 1: and of old river names. But these names have fared,
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  Speaker 1: just as other figures also have done. The later Skulds
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  Speaker 1: have composed after the examples of the old Skulds, even
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  Speaker 1: those examples which stood in their poems but were later
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  Speaker 1: expanded into such forms as seemed to later poets to
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  Speaker 1: be like what was written before, as a lake is
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  Speaker 1: to the sea, or the river to the lake, or
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  Speaker 1: the brook to the river. Therefore, all these are now
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  Speaker 1: called new figures when terms are expanded to greater length
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  Speaker 1: in what was recorded before. And all this seems well
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  Speaker 1: and good so far as it concurs with verisimilitude and nature.
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  Speaker 1: As Broggy the skalds sang I was given by the
• 15:57
  Speaker 1: battler the fire of the brook of sea fish. He
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  Speaker 1: gave it me with mercy for the drink of the
• 16:03
  Speaker 1: mountain giant. Section thirty four. Why is gold called the
• 16:09
  Speaker 1: needles or leaves of Glossier? In Asgard? Before the doors
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  Speaker 1: of Valhalla there stands a grove which is called Glossier,
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  Speaker 1: and its leafage is all red gold. Even as is
• 16:20
  Speaker 1: sung here Glossier stands with golden leafage before the high
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  Speaker 1: God's holes far and wide. This tree is the fairest
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  Speaker 1: known among gods and men. Section thirty five. Why is
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  Speaker 1: gold called Sif's hair? Loki Lafayarson, for mischief's sake cut
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  Speaker 1: off all Scith's hair. But when Thor learned of this,
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  Speaker 1: he seized Loki, and would have broken every bone in him,
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  Speaker 1: had he not sworn to get the black elves to
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  Speaker 1: make sciff hair of gold, such that it would grow
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  Speaker 1: like other hair. After that, Loki went to those dwarfs
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  Speaker 1: who are called Ivaldi's sons, and they made the hair
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  Speaker 1: in skid blood near also, and the spear, which became
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  Speaker 1: Odin's possession and was called goung near. Then Loki wagered
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  Speaker 1: his head with the dwarf called Broker. The Broker's brother
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  Speaker 1: Sindry could not make three other precious things equal in
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  Speaker 1: virtue to these. Now, when they came to the smithy,
• 17:18
  Speaker 1: Sindrey laid a pig skin in the hearth, and bade
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  Speaker 1: Broker blow, and did not cease work until he took
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  Speaker 1: out of the hearth that which he had laid therein.
• 17:27
  Speaker 1: But when he went out of the smithy, while the
• 17:30
  Speaker 1: other dwarf was blowing straightway, a fly settled upon his
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  Speaker 1: hand and stung. Yet he blew on as before, until
• 17:38
  Speaker 1: the smith took the work out of the hearth, and
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  Speaker 1: it was a bore with maine and bristles of gold.
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  Speaker 1: Next he laid gold in the hearth and bade Broker blow,
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  Speaker 1: and cease not from his blast until he should return.
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  Speaker 1: He went out, But again the fly came and settled
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  Speaker 1: on Broker's neck and bit now half again as hard
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  Speaker 1: as before. Yet he blew even until the smith took
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  Speaker 1: from the hearth that gold ring, which is called drop near.
• 18:05
  Speaker 1: Then Sindri laid iron in the hearth and bade him blow,
• 18:09
  Speaker 1: saying that it would be spoiled if the blast failed. Straightway,
• 18:13
  Speaker 1: the fly settled between Broker's eyes and stung his eyelid.
• 18:16
  Speaker 1: But when the blood fell into his eyes so that
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  Speaker 1: he could not see, then he clutched at it with
• 18:21
  Speaker 1: his hand as swiftly as he could, while the bellows
• 18:23
  Speaker 1: grew flat, and he swept the fly from him. Then
• 18:27
  Speaker 1: the smith came thither and said that it had come
• 18:30
  Speaker 1: near to spoiling all that was in the hearth. Then
• 18:33
  Speaker 1: he took from the forge a hammer, but all the
• 18:35
  Speaker 1: precious worked into the hands of Broker his brother, and
• 18:38
  Speaker 1: bade him go with them to Asgard and claim the wager. Now,
• 18:43
  Speaker 1: when he and Loki brought forward the precious gifts, the
• 18:47
  Speaker 1: Esir sat down in the seats of judgment, and that
• 18:50
  Speaker 1: verdict was to prevail, which Odin, Thor and Frere should render.
• 18:55
  Speaker 1: Then Loki gave Odin the spear gung near and to
• 18:58
  Speaker 1: Thor the hair which Sif was to have, and skid
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  Speaker 1: blood near to Frere, and told the virtues of all
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  Speaker 1: these things, that the spear would never stop in its thrust,
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  Speaker 1: the hair would grow to the flesh as soon as
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  Speaker 1: it came upon Siff's head, and skid blood Neir would
• 19:14
  Speaker 1: have a favoring breeze as soon as the sail was
• 19:17
  Speaker 1: raised in whatsoever direction it might go, but could be
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  Speaker 1: folded together like a napkin, and be kept in Frere's
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  Speaker 1: pouch if he so desired. Then Broker brought forward his gifts.
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  Speaker 1: He gave to Odin the ring, saying that eight rings
• 19:31
  Speaker 1: of the same weight would drop from it every ninth night.
• 19:35
  Speaker 1: To Frere he gave the boar, saying that it could
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  Speaker 1: run through air and water better than any horse, and
• 19:41
  Speaker 1: it could never become so dark with night or gloom
• 19:43
  Speaker 1: of the murky regions, that there should not be sufficient
• 19:46
  Speaker 1: light where he went. Such was the glow from its
• 19:49
  Speaker 1: mane and bristles. Then he gave the hammer to Thor,
• 19:53
  Speaker 1: and said that Thor might smite as hard as he desires,
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  Speaker 1: whatsoever might be before him, and the hammer would not fail,
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  Speaker 1: And if he threw it at anything it would never
• 20:03
  Speaker 1: miss and never fly so far as not to return
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  Speaker 1: to his hand, and if he desired, he might keep
• 20:09
  Speaker 1: it in his sark. It was so small. But indeed
• 20:12
  Speaker 1: it was a flaw in the hammer that the fore
• 20:14
  Speaker 1: haaft was somewhat short. This was their decision that the
• 20:19
  Speaker 1: hammer was best of all the precious works, and in
• 20:22
  Speaker 1: it there was the greatest defense against the rhyme giants,
• 20:25
  Speaker 1: and they gave sentence that the dwarf should have his wager.
• 20:29
  Speaker 1: Then Loki offered to redeem his head, but the dwarf
• 20:32
  Speaker 1: said that there was no chance of this. Take me,
• 20:34
  Speaker 1: then quoth Loki. But when Broker would have laid hands
• 20:37
  Speaker 1: on him, he was a long way off. Loki had
• 20:41
  Speaker 1: with him those shoes with which he ran through air
• 20:43
  Speaker 1: and over water. Then the dwarf prayed Thor to catch him,
• 20:47
  Speaker 1: and Thor did so. Then the dwarf would have hewn
• 20:50
  Speaker 1: off his head, But Loki said that he might have
• 20:52
  Speaker 1: the head, but not the neck. So the dwarf took
• 20:55
  Speaker 1: a thong and a knife and would have board a
• 20:58
  Speaker 1: hole in Loki's lips in stiff his mouth together, but
• 21:01
  Speaker 1: the knife did not cut. Then Broker said that it
• 21:04
  Speaker 1: would be better if his brothers all were there. And
• 21:07
  Speaker 1: even as he named it, the owl was there and
• 21:09
  Speaker 1: pierced the lips. He stitched the lips together, and Loki
• 21:13
  Speaker 1: ripped the thong out of the edges. That thong with
• 21:16
  Speaker 1: which Loki's mouth was sewn together is called vartari and
• 21:23
  Speaker 1: of Skald's Kaparmal section thirty five. Recording by expatriate in
• 21:28
  Speaker 1: Bangor main