Latest / Made of Stars / Chicken Little Was Right!

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Chicken Little Was Right! · Made of Stars

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Warning. The following podcast contains an entertaining look at astronomy, physics, and
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space news throughout the known universe. Listeners have been known to learn about astronomical
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phenomenon the scientific method, and expanded vocabulary to include terms like quasar asterism and
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uranus. Listen, that's your own risk. Go ahead. When made of
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stars, made them stars, madies. When made of stars, you could
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be from high they would New Mexicomus. Where are stars? When we are
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made of stars? I'm West Carol, joined by my good friend doctor Sean
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from Columbus State Universities Coca Cola Space Science Center. More than Shawn, Good
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morning. Le's good to be here with you today. I talked about this
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particular incident on my weekday morning show not too long ago, with intentions of
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circling around to it with us, and I'm glad that we now have a
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little bit more to the story where we can talk about it. But we've
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talked before about things that come from space, whether they be you know,
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natural things that come through our atmosphere, or it could be you know,
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an old satellite that they decide, hey, this thing's toast. We need
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to get rid of it, and sometimes they end up making their way back
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down to the earth. More often than not, they burn up, or
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if they don't burn up completely, they land somewhere in the ocean. We
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have a story that involves neither of those two things happening. In fact,
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it not only didn't land in the ocean, it went through what two floors
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of a guy's house and almost hit his son. Yikes. Yes, that
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was shall we say, a miscalculation and a very weird day for this family.
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It was literally a miscalculation, by the way, which, yes,
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if you had been among the members of this family, or even worse,
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had been inside this home when it took place, you probably would be startled
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at minimum. So imagine something falling from space that comes crashing through your house.
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Now, wait a minute, let's pause a moment, because we've done
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other stories, both on this podcast and back in the days when you and
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I were on radio together, talking about things that came from space and smashed
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through people's houses. That is not a news, that is not a new
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event. But typically those have been shall we say, naturally made objects,
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in the sense that they are some kind of debris from a natural process out
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there somewhere in the solar system like a meteorite. And by the way,
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it's not a meteorite until it's on the ground, so it's a meteoroid in
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space. It's a meteor falling through the atmosphere. And when you pick it
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up on your living room floor and look up and see a hole in your
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ceiling, that's gonna go ahead and be a meteorite because you're not wrong.
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It did come from space. You can't even drop things from an airplane and
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have them attain enough speed to do that kind of damage because there's a limit
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to gravitational acceleration and air resistance working against it. We called that terminal velocity.
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So these objects are moving faster than terminal velocity to do this kind of
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damage. That's because they came into contact with the Earth's atmosphere at something between
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twenty and forty thousand miles an hour. And yes, the atmosphere has slowed
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them somewhat. However, they're coming in fast enough because of that velocity that
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they already had that you know, they make it through the atmosphere without slowing
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down so much that they are not able to penetrate a house. Okay,
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so that's the setup. Well, turns out that if you're traveling at seventeen
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thousand miles an hour at the top of the atmosphere, that's pretty fast.
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Also, by the way, that's the tangential orbital speed of the International Space
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Station. And if you happen to be aboard the International Space Station and you
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happen to be doing some repair jobs on the outside of the space station,
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and you happen to have some shall we say, surplus materials leftover from your
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repair job, a lot of times the ground controllers that NASA will say,
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yeah, just let it go, it's fine, it's going to ready,
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ready, burn up in the atmosphere. Now, how does NASA determine whether
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it will burn up in the atmosphere. Well, they have modeling that they
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rely on that says objects made out of this material to have this mass once
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released into the atmosphere, they will be traveling at a high enough speed and
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encounter enough ram pressure from the atmosphere that they will attain a certain temperature.
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And therefore that temperature is hot enough to either vaporize and or destroy whatever material.
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And so when NASA or other space agencies typically have dropped things that are
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beyond the limit of burning up in the atmosphere. They have to be very
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careful to know where those things are coming down, because they want those things
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to fall harmlessly into the ocean and not land over any area of solid ground
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where someone might have built a house like Naples, Florida. Like Naples,
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I mean, you know, Naples might be underwater in a few years,
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but right now, you know, it's it's still there and people still have
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houses in Naples. So and I say most space agencies because apparently China doesn't
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do this. They just let them fall wherever. But other than that,
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people are pretty careful about letting really heavy, big things fall from space.
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So all right, So what you're saying basically is that much like in to
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use a little bit of a football analogy, they talk about there's you know,
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they have their playlists, their play sheets, but then they have their
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their sheet that they go by. There's an equation that they do on whether
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or not a team should go for two or go for one for you know,
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after they score a touchdown, and and basically when they look at that,
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they just they use the calculations that are made statistically and they say,
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oh, well, this is a scenario where we should just go for one.
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It may seem like we should go for two, but we should go
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for one. So basically NASA has one of those for we're going to drop
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this from space. Should we let it burn up? Should we aim it
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towards the ocean? And then this is one of those scenarios where basically what
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the item was through the whole thing out of whack. Yeah, so there
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are objects that obviously live in the shadowy gray area between small enough to burn
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up and big enough we need to drop it in the ocean. In other
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words, should we go for two or should we just kick the extra point?
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Yeah, it's kind of in a gray area this time on the clock
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and this quarter and that offense on the other side of the ball. Should
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we go for two? I don't know, it's I'm looking at the stats
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anyway. Obviously, you know those people in Detroit can relate right now,
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Yes they can't. Yes, I was thinking of them as I was explaining
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it. Absolutely they understand. And apparently people in Naples, Florida can also
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relate to some degree. Yeah, and yes, And speaking of those Detroit
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fans, my friend Stephen Young, who's a big Lions fan, I know
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he still feels it. So, Steven, should we go for two on
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dropping this giant battery pack from space or should we just kick the extra point.
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I'm just wondering, as a Lions fan, what you're feeling about this
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right now. I will just remind him, as he's you know, feeling
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still badly about his Lions, he does have the fact that he is now
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an Oscar nominee that he can fall back on that. You know, that's
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been true of him for a couple of years. He's doing okay, you
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know, you might you can move on. I mean, I appreciate your
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loyalty to those Lions. I was happy for this season they had. But
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you know, you do have Oscar nominee in front of your name, so
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you got that going for you. I mean, you know, I was
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watching that game. I'm not sure Oscar nominique could have gotten me past the
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pain. That's true seeing that unfold the way it did. So Steven,
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I'm just I'm just saying I'm sympathetic. Yeah, And I'm also sympathetic that
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if you have you know, a giant palette of you know, batteries on
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a cargo palette on the International Space Station and the folks in Houston say,
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yeah, I just go ahead and drop it. It'll be all right,
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It'll be all right. Never mind that a component of it is made of
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a nickel chromium based super alloy called incaneal. It's, you know, extremely
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resistant to temperature and extreme environments. It'll be okay, it'll burn up,
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it should be good. Our models have said, okay, I'm gonna let
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it go. Now, there it goes. It's dropping a large cargo pellet
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full of damsion mounted batteries when the stanchions are made of a nickel chromium based
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super alloy called incannel. I'm gonna let it go. I think, you
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know, I see Florida in the distance. Florida's a skinny state. It'll
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probably either land in the Gulf or in the Atlantic. I mean, you
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know, what are the odds of it coming down right on the peninsula?
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Yeah, what what are the odds? Indeed? All right, So,
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folks, the serious part of the story. We're joking about this a lot,
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because you probably already heard this story if you're any kind of a space
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enthusiast, and why would you be listening to the show if you weren't.
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By the way, so We appreciate all you space enthusiasts out there, but
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if you're any kind of a space enthusiast, you probably already heard this.
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It didn't burn up all the way, and one point six pounds of it
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came down at a very high rate of speed. And it turns out if
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you get one point six pounds in a cylinder shape traveling in a high enough
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velocity, it's kind it's a bit like an armor piercing missile. Yeah,
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and so yeah, throw Otero's home in Naples, Florida, and it crashed
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through two stories of the home. It narrowly missed his son, by his
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own account, and it punched a hole right through the house and went through
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stories onto the floor. Yeah. That that's where I mean. First of
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all, you think about how freaked out you would be just knowing something came
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crashing through your roof. That's the first thing. And then you got the
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questions of you know what was that? Is everybody okay? So the fact
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that everybody was okay, that's the first thing. The only reason we're joking
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by that absolutely is that everyone was okay. Now, being someone who's still
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in the middle of a month long remodeling of my house. I feel for
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all of that process that has to happen. However, you know, I
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just go through my insurance company. The very least. Maybe I would hope
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that Alejandro has a nice insurance policy in you know, NASA. So,
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I mean, this begs a lot of questions that I just do not have
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the qualifications to answer. Let me just say right off the bat, damn
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it, Jim, I'm an astronomer, you know that sort of thing,
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right, yeah, not a not an insurance adjuster. But I do wonder
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I mean, like sure, I would. I would recommend that Alejandro go
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ahead and report this to his home homeowners insurance. Yeah, yeah, And
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you know who is that? Is it? All State? You know?
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But I do think that he contacted NASA. And I think that's probably what
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the first I mean, the second step, you at least call your insurance.
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Maybe let let all State be the ones that call it NASA and say
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we need to talk. Yeah, by the way, NASA, we we
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hear all State believe that Alejandro Otero had nothing to do with this incident that
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damaged his home that we just had to pay for. Yeah, and therefore,
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or we would kindly like you to reimburse So I mean, I don't
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know. I'm imagining this conversation again. This is not I'm not this kind
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of doctor, right, we'd kindly like you to reimburse some expenses here.
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So what's what's what's particularly embarrassing is that some some technicians shall we call them,
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from NASA, had to come out to Alejandro Otero's home in Naples,
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Florida in order to retrieve the object or fragments thereof and do some analysis to
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say is this ours? And so just imagine being selected for that job.
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Dave. Here's what we're gonna need you to do. Here's this address in
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Naples, Florida. Take your take your team, take some analysis tools,
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and go to this guy's house. Knock on the door and say, we
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want our nickel chromium based super alloy in now, our stanchion that mounts battery
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units we want to back. Can we please have that back because we need
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to do a couple of tests on it. Make sure, I mean it
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could be ours. We don't know, it might be ours, could have
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been us. I mean to and confirm that with a few tests. I
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don't want to lump any of my assumptions on NASA, because you know,
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I haven't worked for NASA or a government division anything like it. I have
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worked for some big corporations, and I can tell you that big corporations would
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have said, hey, why don't you go there and tell them how that's
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not ours? Why don't you go there and start with it's not ours?
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But we'd like to take it with us and confirm it by doing some tests.
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But let's just begin with it's definitely not ours. It says NASA on
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it. Yeah, but someone may have put that on there. You know,
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we sell those stickers and it could have come from from anywhere. And
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I've used NASSA again because I don't want to say any of the names of
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the big companies that I worked for. So so yes, they they took
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it. I guess they've confirmed that it's definitely theirs. It's definitely from this
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thing. And uh and and god speed to these people getting their house rebuilt,
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because it's not fun. And I didn't have anything crashed through the roof
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and into the you know, lower floor of my house. I mean again,
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I just have to I'm just picturing Dave as he went to this home
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and said, okay, yeah, that's us, all right, that's are
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bad? Are bad? Sorry? Whoops? Yeah, So in the in
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the article that I was reading, by the way, I was reading an
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article on something called the Register dot com and it's cleverly written. So that's
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a good way. This article is literally out there all over the place.
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But I was checking out the Register dot COM's version of this. It was
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a pretty it was humorous to me. I don't know the way it was
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written. Again, only humorous because no one got hurt. But yes,
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So apparently NASA is going to refine their modeling for what things will actually burn
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up in the atmosphere based on this incident. I'm thinking, yep, that's
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a good call right there. If there's time to refine them the model,
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it's when you know there's some in canel cylinder penetrating people's homes in Naples floor,
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that's probably time to go ahead and update that model of what will burn
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up and what won't. M M. All right. We're now less than
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two weeks away from a big day in the world of justin Timberlake, and
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it's also going to lead us into the month or what's now at least the
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scheduled month for the folks at Boeing, but they are a step closer to
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the star Liner getting ready for its test flight next month. So this has
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been oncoming. And again, if you're a fan of our show, if
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you're a regular listener, or if you just pay attention to space, you
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know that the Boeing star Liner, the CST one hundred spacecraft, was commissioned
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at the same time that the SpaceX Dragon capsule was commissioned. You might also
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know that SpaceX Dragon Capsule has been to space a couple of times since then,
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like pretty much every Tuesday and Thursday for the last couple of years,
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it feels like anyway, sometimes twice the problems going up there on a Falcon
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nine. A Falcon nine going up there to space usually a dragon, whether
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it's cargo or whether it's actually carrying human beings, each and every part of
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the low Earth orbit environment being visited by Dragon capsules. Well, this will
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be the first time that the Boeing star Liner, which by the way,
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I have to point out Boeing received twice the funding of SpaceX. This will
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be the first time they actually fly uman beings aboard. Makes me mildly nervous
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just because they haven't completely flown it totally successful test flight yet, but you
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know, they know, they've they've been doing modeling, you know, you
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know how that NASA modeling works. They've been doing modeling and they're pretty convinced
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that everything's going to be okay. And so sometime in early May, apparently
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they're going to take a flight. Who will be on that flight, Well,
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former Shuttle astronauts, NASA astronauts, Butch Wilmore and Sunnee Williams, they're
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they're now Boeing star Liner astronauts. They're still NASA astronauts by the way,
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but they're assigned to this vehicle, the Boeing star Liner. The name of
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the specific capsule that's going to be flying up there's called Calypso So Calypso.
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The vehicle was rolled out Tuesday morning in the pre dawn hours, rolled out
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of Kennedy Space Center's complex, across the street over to the Cape Canaveral Space
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four station, rolling out to launch Pad number forty one, or they call
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it Space Launch Complex forty one SLC forty one over again across the street,
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not at Kennedy Space Center. They have to cross the street. I don't
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know if they had like a crossing guard, you know, with a vest
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and a stop sign and stay and probably something like that. Rolled it across
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the street over to the neighbor's house, over over to the spaceport, and
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they're going to be mounting that up onto the rocket to launch it to space
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in a couple of weeks. As Wes says, so butch Wilmore a quote,
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he's the CFT commander Crew Flight Test, by the way, is what
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CFT is. He says, This big day for our nation, big day
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for NASA, big day for Boeing. As we get over to the rocket
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and make these things together, said Bruce Wilmore. Quote, we are excited
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to be here at this point early in the morning, and excited that you
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came to share the experience with us. So go star Liner, says Bruce
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Wilmore, the commander of the crew flight test for the Boeing star Liner,
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which we should see here in a couple of weeks. And by the way,
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godspeed man. I wanted to see everything go perfectly for that flight.
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I truly do, I really really do. So. This will be the
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first time that the Boeing star Liner will carry astronauts to and from the International
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Space Station. And again right now the flight is projected for early May coming
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up after a quick break. There's always we talk about the eclipse. We
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talk about the all of the new interest in astronomy because of the eclipse.
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The question is often what's next. We'll talk about what's next after this.
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So the eclipse is coming gone, and then six months later another eclipse is
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coming gone, and now we're at the phase of you know what next?
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Because people want to know what they can stare at the sky at and there's
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a couple of things I guess worth staring at. One of them we've already
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talked about, but the other is we haven't really talked about yet. Yeah.
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So again, a lot of people get excited about space because of an
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awesome event like the April eighth solar eclipse that took place, and they want
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they have a hunger now, right, So maybe they didn't know they liked
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astronomy before, but wow, they found out that looking at things in the
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sky that are really interesting, like a total solar eclipse or even a large
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partial eclipse for most of the United States, that is very interesting, and
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so they want to follow that up. Or their kids got excited and the
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parents are just excited to see their kids excited about anything that's not an electronic
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device. So they said, okay, well what is the next thing that
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we can see in the sky. And you know, astronomer said, well,
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let let's think about this a second. You know, we do have
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this nova that's coming up. A nova. What's a nova? Oh well,
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you know, it's a it's going to be a star that basically flares
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to thousands and thousands of times its original brightness. Oh well, that's weird
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and interesting. Yes, yes, And and in fact, this nova that's
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a reoccurring nova, but it doesn't it reoccurs over a long periods of time.
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It hasn't been visible to the naked eye or the unaided eye no telescope
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since the nineteen forties, and it's going to reappear in the sky. This
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all sounds really cool, right, A star that is there and not there,
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and then there again and then not there again. It's pretty cool.
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So what a nova actually is It is a very large red giant star feeding
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material onto a smaller companion white dwarf star, and then as that companion star
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gains some of that material, it actually flares. Because a thermonuclear reaction takes
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place on the on the outside surface of the white dwarf, and so you
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get this bright flash that lasts many weeks and and and so that's what a
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nova is. So a nova is a new star. The word nova in
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Latin literally means new and so there's a new star in the sky, but
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then it's not there for long, and then it fades back out again.
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A star system like this can go nova several times. Ultimately, that red
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giant's going to feed enough material onto that white dwarf that the white dwarf will
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do a type two I'm sorry, type one a supernova detonation, not type
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two, Type one a supernova detonation. So eventually this thing's gonna go supernova,
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but in its lifetime it's gonna flare up in nova episodes many times before
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coming to its conclusion as a supernova. Well, this thing that we're talking
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about right now is T Corona Borealis. Corona Borealis is a constellation. The
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letter T is a Latin catalog number or letter a catalog designation getting you to
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the right star in this guy. So T Corona Borealis or TCRB, as
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it's being called TCRB is gonna go nova. They know it. Astronomers have
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been watching it. They know what its periodicity is. They said, yet
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happened. You know, the last out verse was in nineteen forty six.
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It's time. It's time again. We've tracked this throughout history. The first
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eruptions of this thing were measured in twelve seventeen AD, so we know the
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cadence roughly eighty years. We know the cadence of this thing. Astronomers are
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expecting this thing to actually brighten rapidly sometime between now. Recording this on the
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eighteenth of April twenty twenty four, sometime between now and September of the same
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year. So astronomers are saying, stay tuned. Now, this all sounds
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very exciting, and I hope people get interested in this. Let me tell
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you this is not a solar eclipse. Just from an observational standpoint, it
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takes a little bit extra level of geekiness to enjoy something like this. You
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really kind of need to go out and see what Corona Borealis looks like now,
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because if you don't do that, if you don't know what stars are
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visible in that tiny crown shaped constellation, Corona means crown, Borealis means north.
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This is the Northern Crown. If you don't know what it looks like
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now, you won't recognize that there's a new star in there. So you
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know, take the fam out now if you want to enjoy this event,
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I'm enthusiastic for you to do it. But take the family out now.
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Go check out Corona Borealis. Make sure have the kids sketch it. Make
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sure you know where all the stars are, because unless you do that,
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unless you have a real idea, you won't notice when there's a new one.
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Let's talk about the other thing going on in the sky, and this
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is something that we talked about around the eclipse, and that is the devil
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comment yes, or the horn comment, or the mother of Dragon's comment,
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or a variety of other things. This is comment twelve P. Ponds Brooks
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and comment twelve P. Ponds Brooks. As we're recording the show on the
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eighteenth of April twenty twenty four, is going to be visible in the evening
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sky in the northern hemisphere for just a short period of time. Go out
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and see it now it's gotten brighter. You can find sky maps for it.
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On the skylive dot com. That's all one word, the skylive dot
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com. Go get your star maps and go look. Well tonight, what
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do you wait for? Because in just a few days, on April twenty
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first, it's gonna be making its closest approach to the Sun, which is
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called perihelion, and basically it won't be visible once it swings around. It's
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gonna be visible in the southern hemisphere and not in the northern hemisphere. But
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tonight, at the next night or so, it's gonna be somewhat up there
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by the bright planet Jupiter in the evening sky, potentially visible with the pair
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of binoculars before sunset. So if you've been tracking the devil Comet or Comet
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Pondsbrooks p twelve, go check it out. Now find your star maps at
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the skylive dot com. While you still can't, let's quickly talk about this
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newly discovered black hole and this thing is not too far away and it's big.
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Yeah. Great story on Universe today dot com. Check out this story
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on Universe today dot com. A giant black hole right in our neighborhood,
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the Milky Way's most massive stellar black hole, and it's only approximately two thousand
28:04
light years away, which that seemed I wouldn't want to paint that stripe on
28:08
the road because that's still pretty far. But at the same time, compared
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to the galaxy or the universe at large, that's right in our backyard astronomically
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speaking, So two thousand light years away. Astronomers have found a stellar mass
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black hole that is once again a stellar mass black hole, not a super
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massive black hole. Yes, friends, I know there are bigger ones.
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They're called super massive black holes. But in this class of black holes that
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come from a single star, this thing is king. It is now the
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most massive single star black hole ever recorded, or what they call solar mass
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black hole. It is thirty three times the mass of our Sun, and
28:53
it is far greater in mass than the previous record holder, which all Rush,
29:00
the band fans will know, the name of which is Signus x one,
29:06
And if you're not a fan of Rush, maybe you're a fan of
29:07
astronomy. Signas x one the first ever actual black hole identified in space.
29:15
They were predicted theoretically, but we never found an actual object that we knew
29:19
was a black hole until the discovery of Sigmas x one, thereby leading Neil
29:25
Peart and the Gang to write a song about it and record it with Rush.
29:29
So signus x one only has twenty one solar masses. This newly discovered
29:34
supermass or not stellar mass black hole is called BH three, just three letters.
29:42
BH stands for ready ready black hole. Yes, black hole number three.
29:48
This is in the Gaya catalog. Gaya as a spacecraft that is sent
29:52
to space to identify black holes. This is the third one that has a
29:57
big mass of more than ten solar masses. So this is the third large
30:03
black hole discovered by GAYA. So they said BH three something like that.
30:08
I wasn't at the meeting. I don't know how that went exactly. Why
30:11
don't we call it three because we already have two one and two are already
30:15
taken. I had a flashback to my days in science class when they would
30:18
say, like the BH stands for and you go, oh, I know
30:22
this one, and they go black hole and you, ah, I knew
30:23
that one. Ah. I thought it was Bermuda hats. I thought it
30:27
was Bermuda Hats number three. No, No, it's black hole. Oh
30:30
darn okay. So you look around in the room with the other kids,
30:33
and you go, I knew that one. I knew that one I knew
30:36
it. I didn't know that one. One of the research scientists on this
30:40
project working with the National Center for Scientific Research at the Observatory in Paris,
30:44
the Paris Observatory or the Observatoire de Palli, His name is Pascual Pinuzo.
30:51
He says this quote, this is the kind of discovery you make once in
30:56
your research life. So if you don't think this is really exciting story,
31:00
put yourself in Pascual's shoes, and you know, friend, that you have
31:06
done your career proud. You have found a once in a research lifetime discovery
31:14
of this giant black hole BH three. So there you go. Let's talk
31:18
about coming up at the Cocola Space Science Center on the Saturday the twentieth.
31:26
I know you always love it when the kids come home. This is yes,
31:30
Indeed, we have a we have a few scientific prodigy out there in
31:36
the world, right yep. These sort of just barely not teenagers anymore,
31:41
students that came to us either in high school or college and did internships here
31:47
at Space Science Center at Columbus State University, then went off and did fantastic
31:51
things and one of those alum of the Space Science Center is coming back this
31:55
weekend, April twentieth. His name is John Hood. John Hood Love this
32:00
kid, fantastic guy to have around. Love. When he worked here at
32:05
the Space Science Center as an undergrad student, he was a member of the
32:08
Department of Earth and Space Sciences. He was a major in our astrophysics Planetary
32:13
Geology program. He graduated from there and proudly went on to be accepted into
32:19
graduate school at Vanderbilt University and Fisk University up in Nashville. He did Vanderbilt
32:24
Fisk Bridge Program for his master's degree, then went over to Vanderbilt Proper and
32:29
did his PhD. He now is a National Science Foundation Fellow at the University
32:36
of Chicago working with the South Pole Telescope team. Friends. John has actually
32:39
been to the South Pole. He stood at the actual South Pole and for
32:45
that he was awarded the Polar Explorers Medal by the US Department of Defense for
32:51
scientific and exploration contributions to his nation. John will be back this Saturday to
32:58
give a presentation about his adventures in astronomy and polar exploration here at Columbus State
33:04
University's Coca Cola Space Science Center four pm Saturday, April twentieth, twenty twenty
33:08
four. Tickets are free ninety five Ie, they're free. You just have
33:15
to come down and be here and we'll stuff you in a corner of the
33:17
planetarium. We'll get you in. Just come on down, check it out,
33:22
come see John Hood and hear his very inspiring stories of exploration at the
33:28
bottom of the world and at the top of the universe. Shortly after John
33:34
speaks, there will be the Astronomy Night the home game happening there at the
33:38
co Cola Space Science Center. Right, Doctor Rosa Williams and her team will
33:43
be setting up telescopes and you can check out the nighttime sky. You can
33:45
even maybe see some of the stuff that John was talking about in his talk.
33:49
It's up there, you know. Just take a look. Maybe you'll
33:52
see the devil comment. I don't think so, because it's going to be
33:53
too low and in the trees, but you know, you can look anyway.
33:57
Come out and check it out, Space Science. If you want to
34:00
know all the information about these events and more, visit our website www dot
34:04
cc s SC dot org. Charlie Charlie SamSam Charlie dot org and we thank
34:10
you for listening. Sean, and I will do this again next week.
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