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Two Notes | C. S. Lewis · Reformed Thinking

0:00
Welcome back to Reformed Thinking.
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I am really glad you're here with us today.
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It's good to be back. We have a a really fascinating
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set up for this deep dive. You know, usually when we crack
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open a classic work of theology or apologetics, we have a
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tendency to go straight for the big chapters.
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The famous bits. Yeah, the bold headings, the
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thesis statements, the parts that, you know, get quoted on
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social media or printed on coffee mugs.
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We want the main event. That's right, we look for the
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Tri level Lord, liar or lunatic. Or we go looking for the moral
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argument for God. We want the greatest hits.
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Exactly. But today we're doing something
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a little different. We're we're going to the back of
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the book. We're looking at the fine print.
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We're diving into Mere Christianity by CS Lewis, which
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is, I mean, you could argue it's the most red apologetic work of
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the 20th century. Easily.
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But we aren't looking at the main text.
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We were focusing entirely on 2 short notes that he tacked on to
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the end of the section called Beyond Personality.
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It sounds a bit like we're scraping the bottom of the
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barrel, doesn't it? Tuning today for the footnotes.
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It does, and I have to admit, when I first looked at the plan,
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I was a little skeptical. I thought, well, surely if it
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was important, Lewis would have put it in the main chapters,
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right? Why are we sneaking backstage to
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look at the addendums? Because, and this is true for a
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lot of great thinkers, an author often puts their most their most
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rigorous, high level thinking in the notes.
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This is where Lewis is anticipating the really hard
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objections, the ones he knew. The casual radio listener might
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not ask, but the deep thinker, the skeptic, absolutely would.
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I mean, in the main text Lewis is sort of building a house for
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everyone to live in. A very accessible house.
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Exactly. But in these notes, he's showing
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you the blueprints for the foundation.
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He's explaining the structural engineering.
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He's answered the critics who actually wrote to him, saying,
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hey, your architecture doesn't quite make sense.
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So this is the director's cut of his theology in a way.
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In a way, yeah. These notes address specific
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criticisms he got after the original broadcasts, and in
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answering them he offers some of his most startling, almost
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sci-fi, speculations about the nature of God, the purpose of
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the physical universe, and the spiritual physics of humanity.
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Spiritual physics. I like that.
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So we're looking at 2 specific problems today then?
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We are the first one is a question of, well, efficiency
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and suffering. It asks a very plum question.
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If God's whole goal was to have sons, children who are like him,
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why did he go through the painful, long, messy process of
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creating biological humans and then trying to convert them?
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Why not just create perfect Suns from the start?
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That's. What he calls the toy soldier
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problem. That's the one.
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And the second problem is about us.
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How should we view the human race?
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Are we just collection of separate individuals like, I
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don't know, marbles in a bag? Or are we something else
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entirely? And that that leads us into a
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discussion on the devil's favorite strategy for social
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engineering. OK, so if I can frame the
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mission for this deep dive, we are hunting for those aha
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moments, those insights into the nature of God, the purpose of
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matter itself. I mean, why do we even have
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bodies and how to spot the enemy's traps in our Daily
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Politics and ethics? It really connects everything
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from the creation of the atom all the way down to how you
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treat your neighbor on the bus. Let's dive in.
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I want to start with that first question Lewis tackles.
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He calls it the toy soldier problem.
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And you mentioned he got this from a critic who wrote to him
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basically saying what God seems like a bad manager.
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That's a great. Way to put it.
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It's a fair challenge if you look at it from a purely human
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perspective of manufacturing, the critic asks.
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If God wanted sons, why create toy soldiers, which is Lewis's
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metaphor for natural, biological humans, and then bring them to
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life through such a difficult, painful process?
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Right, the critic is saying. Why build a tin soldier and then
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spend thousands of years trying to turn it into a real man?
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Why didn't you just start with the real man?
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It does seem like taking the long way around and a long way
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that's full of potholes and cancer and war and all kinds of
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suffering. You know, if I were a factory
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manager and I wanted to make cars, I wouldn't build a bicycle
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1st and then just painfully hammer it into the shape of a I
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just built the car. That is the crux of the
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objection. Is God inefficient?
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And Louis breaks his answer down into two parts.
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There's what he calls the easy part, and then there's the hard
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part. And I should probably warn you,
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when Louis says hard, he means metaphysically hard.
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Let's start with the easy part then.
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I'm guessing easy is a relative term here.
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It is. The easy answer is that the
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process was never designed to be painful.
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The difficulty, the struggle, the suffering.
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That's not the manufacturing process God intended.
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That is the result of the human race turning away from God
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centuries ago. So this is the classic doctrine
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of the fall. The pain isn't part of the
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design. The pain is the interference.
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It's the monkey wrench in the gears.
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Precisely. Lewis argues that the turning of
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the tin soldier into a real man wasn't meant to be a horrific
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struggle. It was meant to be a joyful
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transformation by the tin soldiers.
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Us. We rebelled.
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And this brings us right to the topic of free will.
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OK. Lewis argues that God gave
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humanity free will because a world of mere automata robots
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essentially could never know infinite happiness or true love.
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We've talked about this in other contexts, but I think it's good
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to stress test it again. Why is a robot incapable of
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love? I mean, if I program my computer
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to print I love you every morning and it does it
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faithfully, why isn't that love? Because the computer had no
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choice. It could not have done
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otherwise. Love, by its very definition,
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requires the option not to love. If you hold the gun to someone's
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head and say marry me, well, the resulting marriage is not love,
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it's coercion. God decided that a world of free
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creatures, even with the inherent risk that they might
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rebel and break everything, that was worth more than a world of
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perfectly obedient well oiled machines.
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So the critics question assumes that the pain is God's
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inefficient method. But Lewis is saying no.
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The pain is what happens when the toy soldiers use their free
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will to March in the opposite direction of the commander.
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That's it. The inefficiency is our fault,
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not the manufacturers. So that's the easy part of the
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answer. It deals with the fall and the
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corruption of a good design. But then Louis pivots.
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He says, OK, let's look deeper. The critic asked why not just be
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get many sons at the outset. And this is where we get into
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the hard answer. This is where we leave, you
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know, the standard Sunday school curriculum and start walking
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into the philosophy department. It is, Louis points out, a
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fundamental doctrine that all Orthodox Christians agree on in
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the full and original sense. There was only one Son of God.
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That's the capital S Son, the second person of the Trinity,
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Jesus Christ, the eternal Word. Correct.
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Not a created being, but the begotten word.
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Now the critic is asking, could there have been many?
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Could God have just begotten, say 1,000,000 Jesus figures from
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eternity past? Why only one?
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It's a weird question when you say it out loud.
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Why didn't God clone Jesus a million times before the
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universe began? It is a weird question, and
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Lewis's response is fascinating because he doesn't just, you
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know, quote a Bible verse. He attacks the very grammar of
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the question itself. He asks if the words could have
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been even make sense when we apply them to God.
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OK, this is a heavy lift, so let's take it slow.
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When we talk about things in our world, finite created things, we
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can easily say this could have been different.
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Right, let's use Lewis's example.
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He talks about a printer, and he's in a person printing a
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book, not a machine. The letters on the page in front
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of you are black, but you could say they could have been red.
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Sure, that makes perfect. Sense.
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But why does it make sense? Why could they have been red?
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Well, because the printer could have decided to use red ink
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instead of black ink. And why would he have used red
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ink? Maybe his boss told him to, or
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maybe the shop was out of black ink that day, or he just felt
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like a change. Exactly.
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You can trace a chain of causes backwards, a finite thing.
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The black letter is the way it is because of previous thing.
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The choice of ink was the way it was.
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If you change the 'cause, you can change the effect.
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And that's why potentiality, the idea that something could be
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otherwise, makes perfect sense. For created things.
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Every fact in the universe is dependent on a previous fact.
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But God is not a created thing. And this is the massive
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distinction we so often miss. God is the uncreated Creator.
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He is what theologians sometimes called the ends, a say, the
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being who exists from himself. Lewis calls him the rock bottom
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irreducible fact. Rock bottom irreducible fact.
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I like that it feels very solid. It implies there's nothing
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underneath him, nothing holding him up.
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It's the most solid thing there is.
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There is no 'cause behind God. There's no factory that made God
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where we can go and ask, Hey Mr. Factory Foreman, why didn't you
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make God differently? Why didn't you give him 3 heads
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instead of making him a Trinity? Why didn't you make him, you
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know, Green? Because there is no foreman, he
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just is the IM. He is the source of all fact.
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He is the stopping point of all explanations.
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So asking could God have been different or could God have done
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this differently in his eternal nature is it's just nonsensical.
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It's like asking what is north of the North Pole.
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Once you get to the North Pole, there is no more north.
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It's just South in every direction.
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Once you get to God, there is no more.
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Why? It's a category error.
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You're treating the source of all facts as if it were just
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another fact that could be swapped out for a different one.
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God is what he is and that's the end of the matter.
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So when the critic asks why didn't God be get many sons from
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eternity, the first part of the hard answer is we are bumping up
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against the very definition of God.
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God is not a buffet where you can pick and choose attributes.
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So it's possible that the very nature of God, the logic of
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existence itself, means there can only be 1 begotten Son.
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It's not a choice, it's a fact. Lewis suggests we shouldn't be
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too quick to assume that anything is possible with God
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when it comes to logic. You know, nonsense remains
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nonsense even when we talk about God.
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But Louis doesn't even stop there.
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He goes even further into this idea of manyness.
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This is the part that, I'll be honest, it really made me sit up
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and just stare at the wall for a minute.
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He challenges us to think about what many even means.
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It's a profound mental exercise. Yeah, it's very simple, but it's
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very deep. Louis asks us to try and imagine
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the Father be getting many sons from eternity.
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Forget the theology for a second, just try to picture it
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logically. If there were many, how would
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they be different from 1:00? Another right?
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To have many of something to have a plural, you need to be
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able to tell them apart. You need to be able to say this
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is sun A and over there is sun B.
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Lewis uses this brilliant analogy of pennies.
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Imagine you have two pennies. They're both made of copper.
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They're both round. They both have the same image of
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Lincoln stamped on them. Let's say they're chemically
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identical down to the last atom. Why are they 2 pennies and not
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just one? Well, because they're in
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different places. One is here on the table and the
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other is, I don't know, in my pocket.
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OK, so space differentiates them.
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What else? Or I guess they're made of
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different atoms. This specific cluster of copper
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atoms is here, and that other cluster of copper atoms is
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there. Exactly, to differentiate 2
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identical things you usually need space and matter.
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You need a medium, what Lewis calls nature.
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To separate them you need to be able to say this one is at
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coordinate A and that one is at coordinate B.
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So if we try to apply this to God, we know the Father and the
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Son are distinct, but how? They aren't in different places
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because God doesn't have a body and doesn't exist in space.
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They're distinct by relation. The Father begets, the Son is
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begotten. That is a relational difference.
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It's like the difference between a speaker and the word that is
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spoken. They are part of one event, but
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the speaker is the source and the Word is the result.
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It doesn't require space or time to exist.
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It's an internal relationship within the Godhead.
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But if you try to introduce a third son for a million sons.
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Now you've got a problem. If you have a million sons, they
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all have the exact same relation to the Father, they're all
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begotten, and they'll have the same relation to each other.
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They're all siblings without space to stand in or bodies to
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make them distinct. What makes sun #4 different from
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Sun number 99? There's no basis for
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distinction. They would just collapse into
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one, the Begotten. Unless you introduce a medium to
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separate them. Unless you create a universe of
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space and time where they can stand apart from each other.
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And this is what Lewis calls the smuggling fallacy.
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He says we fool ourselves. We think we can imagine many
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eternal spirits, but we're cheating.
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We are. Absolutely cheating.
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We're smuggling in a picture of, say, human form standing in a
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room. We imagine a heavenly council or
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group of ghosts floating in the clouds.
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But the moment you imagine them standing next to each other.
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You've smuggled in space. You've smuggled in space.
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You've smuggled in the very universe you were supposed to be
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doing without. You're picturing a background, a
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stage. Exactly.
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Try to imagine 2 distinct minds that have no body, no location,
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no relationship to time, and they have identical origins and
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an identical nature. It's impossible.
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You can't separate them in your mind if.
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You strip away space and you strip away matter.
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The idea of manyness, just sort of It fades.
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It becomes just a word with no meaning behind it.
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And this leads to Louis's great speculation.
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And we have to emphasize, as he does, that this is guesswork.
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He's not stating. This is dogma.
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Yeah. This is him thinking out loud.
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He asks, was nature, was space-time and matter created
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precisely in order to make many nests possible?
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That is a staggering thought. We usually think of the universe
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as the stage, and we're the actors.
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The stage is just, you know, there.
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So we have somewhere to stand, but Lewis is suggesting the
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universe might be the machinery required to create distinct
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personalities in the first place.
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The theory is that perhaps the only way for God to have many
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sons, many distinct spirits, is to first make many natural
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creatures in a physical universe.
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You put them in different bodies, at different times, in
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different places. That separates them.
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It gives each one a unique history and the unique
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perspective. So my meanest the fact that I am
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me and not you is dependent on the fact that I was born in a
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specific year in a specific town with the specific genetic code,
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and I occupy this specific chair right now.
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And then once they are separate, once they're individuals, then
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you spiritualize them, you bring them into the family, you hand
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them the Christ life, as Lewis puts it, It's like.
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It's like casting a statue. You need a mold.
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The physical world is the mold. It separates the molten metal
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into a specific shape. Without the mold you just have a
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puddle of bronze. That's a perfect analogy.
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You can't just create the spiritual Suns from scratch in
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the void because they'd all be identical.
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You have to grow them in the soil of space and time to make
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them distinct, and then you harvest them, so to speak.
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This changes how I look at the physical world.
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It's not just a temporary holding cell we're waiting to
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escape from. It is the individuating machine,
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my body, my location in the 21st century, my specific set of
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experiences. These aren't accidental details.
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They're the very things that make me me and not you.
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And it gives a tremendous dignity to the physical
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creation. You know, think of Gnosticism,
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that ancient heresy. It taught that the spirit is
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good and matter is evil. They thought we were souls
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trapped in these meat suits and we needed to escape, right?
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Lewis is flipping that completely.
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He's saying matter might be the necessary tool for creating
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spiritual distinctiveness. You need the toy soldier stage,
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the tin soldier, the biological human, to create the distinct
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person who can then freely receive the life of God.
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So if that critic asks again, why the long way around?
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Why the biological evolution, the history of the bodies?
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The answer might be there is no other way to get a million
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distinct sons. You have to start with a million
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distinct creatures in space and time.
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It's a fascinating defense of the necessity of creation
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itself. It suggests that God isn't being
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inefficient. He's doing the only thing that
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logically works. I want to just pause there
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because that is a lot to digest. We've gone from the critics
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saying God is slow to realizing God is building a complexity
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engine called the universe just so he can have a relationship
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with you specifically. It makes the personal
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relationship with God actually personal and meaningful.
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He doesn't just love humanity in the abstract.
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He loves you. The specific unrepeatable result
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of this specific history. I want to bridge this to the
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second note Lewis includes because it feels like a natural
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progression. It moves from this huge cosmic
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scale right down to the social scale.
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So we've established that God uses the physical universe to
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create distinct individuals. But now how do those individuals
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relate to each other? This is where Lewis tackles the
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concept of the human race as an Organism.
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He makes a distinction between a collection and an Organism.
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This is so helpful because I think we often get this
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completely wrong. We talk about society or the
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public, but those are really vague terms.
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They are. We tend to think of the human
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race as a club or a crowd, a collection.
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Like a bag of marbles. Or, to stick with our earlier
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analogy, a stack of tennies. In a collection, the items are
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separate. You can add one or take one
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away, and it doesn't fundamentally change the others.
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If I lose a penny from my stack, the other pennies don't feel it.
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They don't change their nature, their independent units.
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But Lewis says Christianity views the human race as
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something more like a tree or a body, one huge Organism.
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And this brings us back to that penny analogy, but with a
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brilliant twist. Lewis says.
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Look at 6 pennies. They are quite separate, but
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they are very much alike. They're identical for all
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intents and purposes. But now consider my nose and my
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lungs. They are part of the same body.
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They share a common life. They're connected by the same
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blood supply. But they are very, very
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different. A nose looks nothing like a
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lung, and a lung looks nothing like a hand.
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You couldn't mistake them. And here is the counterintuitive
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principle he pulls from that things that are parts of a
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single Organism must be different in order to function
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together. Things that are not parts of an
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Organism, like pennies in a stack, can be identical.
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So real unity actually requires difference.
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If everything is the same, you don't have a body, you have a
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pile of spare parts. You know, if I have a bag full
18:14
of eyeballs, that's not a body, that's a horror movie.
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That's a great way of putting it.
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A body requires a nose, an eye, a foot, a liver.
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They have to be different to be 1, and this defines the
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Christian view of the individual.
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Christianity doesn't view you as just an item on a list person
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#4,502,000,000 It views you as an organ in a body.
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You are intended to be different from me because you have a
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different function. You are meant to contribute
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something that no one else can. This is so important for how we
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view our relationships and honestly our politics because we
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are constantly falling into errors here.
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We seem to bounce between two extremes.
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We either want everyone to be the same, or we want absolutely
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nothing to do with anyone else. And this is where Lewis gives us
18:56
a brilliant piece of advice on spiritual warfare.
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He talks about the twin errors. He identifies 2 opposites,
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totalitarianism and individualism.
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Let's define those first, because these words get thrown
19:08
around a lot in the news, but Lewis is using them in a very
19:10
specific philosophical sense. Totalitarianism in this context
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is the error of wanting to suppress differences.
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It's the penny mindset applied to people.
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It wants everyone to look alike, think alike, and act alike.
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It forgets that we are supposed to be different organs.
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It's the state or the church or the culture saying you must fit
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this mold exactly. It's the pressure to conform.
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Be another brick in the wall. Right.
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It values the whole, but it crushes the parts.
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And individualism is the opposite error.
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It's a mindset that says I am separate.
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Your troubles are no business of mine.
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I am an island, my religion is private, my life is my own.
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It forgets that we belong to the same Organism.
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So totalitarianism forgets we're different organs.
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Individualism forgets we're in the same body.
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Precisely. And here is the trap.
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This is the key insight. Lewis warns that the devil sends
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errors into the world in pairs. He sends them in pairs of
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opposites. This is such a great tactical
20:07
insight. We usually think the devil just
20:09
tries to sell US evil, but Lewis says he sells US false choices.
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He. Relies on your reaction.
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He knows you might have a natural, healthy dislike for
20:17
totalitarianism. You hate the idea of being just
20:20
a cog in a machine. You want freedom.
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So he uses that justifiable dislike to push you hard into
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individualism. He says, see the collective is
20:30
bad so you should just care about yourself.
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Forget the community, be a lone wolf.
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Or if you're a person who sees the incredible selfishness of
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individualism, you see people ignoring the poor, you see
20:40
people acting with total greed. The devil sidles up to you and
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says, see, that's terrible. Individual freedom is dangerous.
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What we need is to force everyone to be the same.
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We need strict control. And he pushes you toward
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totalitarianism. He effectively herds the human
20:53
race. He encourages us to spend all of
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our energy and time debating which error is worse.
20:59
As long as we are fighting about whether totalitarianism is worse
21:02
than individualism or vice versa, we're distracted.
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We are playing his game. We are running back and forth on
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the deck of a sinking ship, arguing about which side is
21:12
leaking more. It's like a pendulum.
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We swing from one extreme to the other, generation after
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generation, thinking we're correcting the problem, but
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really we're just trading 1 error for another.
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We see this in history all the time, don't we?
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A generation of extreme collectivism is often followed
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by a generation of extreme individualism.
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And the Christian goal, Lewis says, is not to choose the
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lesser of two evils. The goal is to go straight
21:34
through between them. We have no concern with either
21:37
extreme. So we need to hold 2 truths in
21:39
tension at the same time. You are unique, created for a
21:43
specific purpose, and that fights totalitarianism.
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And you are part of a whole deeply responsible for your
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neighbor, and that fights individualism.
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That is the biblical understanding of the covenant
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community. We are individuals, yes,
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standing before God on our own 2 feet.
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But we are also a people. We are a body.
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We cannot exist without the other parts.
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I want to apply this to our daily lives.
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Lewis mentions how we treat our children or our neighbors.
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He says when you find yourself wanting to turn your children or
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pupils or even your neighbors into people exactly like
22:16
yourself, remember that God probably never meant them to be
22:19
that. That is a real conviction for a
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lot of us. I think it's natural to want
22:24
people to agree with this. We want them to have our tastes
22:26
or politics or specific theological nuances.
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It feels safer. But if I try to make you into a
22:32
carbon copy of me, I'm fighting against God's design.
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I'm trying to turn a lung into a nose because I happen to be a
22:38
nose. And I think noses are the best
22:40
kind of organ. And if you succeed, you've
22:41
actually damaged the body. A body with two noses and no
22:44
lungs is in big trouble. It can smell everything, but it
22:47
can't breathe. Exactly.
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We should celebrate the fact that our neighbor is different.
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That difference is not a bug, It is a feature of the design.
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It's essential for the Organism to live.
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But then on the flip side, when we're tempted to say, you know,
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that person's problems are their own fault, it's not my business,
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we are falling right into the other track.
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We are acting like the hand, saying to the foot, I don't need
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you. You stepped in the mud, you deal
23:10
with it. But if the foot gets gangrene,
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the hand is going to die too. We are connected.
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The spiritual reality of the human race is unity, even if we
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don't feel it emotionally all the time.
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So bringing this all back together, from the cosmic
23:24
speculation about manyness all the way down to the practical
23:27
advice about not being a totalitarian or individualist,
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there's a really clear common thread.
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The thread is God's intentional design.
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He doesn't do things haphazardly.
23:38
He didn't create toy soldiers because he likes watching us
23:41
suffer. He created a physical universe
23:43
because it might be the only logical way to generate distinct
23:46
sons who can love him freely. And he doesn't create the human
23:50
race as just a random collection, He created an
23:53
Organism where our very different serves our unity.
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It reframes everything. My struggles, my physical
24:01
limitations, my difficult neighbors.
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None of this is accidental. It is all part of the process of
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becoming a sun and part of the function of the body.
24:10
It creates A worldview that is both humble and high at the same
24:14
time. Humble because I'm just one
24:16
organ. I'm not the whole show.
24:18
I'm just a thumb or maybe an eyelash.
24:20
But also high because I am an organ in the body of Christ.
24:24
I have a specific, unique role that no one else in history can
24:27
play. If I don't do my part, the body
24:29
suffers for it. That is, the definition of
24:31
dignity, isn't? It it is, and it guards US
24:33
against the kind of polarization we see everywhere in the world.
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The world wants you to pick a side.
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Collectivism or hyper individualism.
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The gospel says no. You are a unique child of God
24:42
called into a sacrificial community.
24:44
It gets right through the middle of that false choice.
24:46
And it is so much harder to walk that middle path than to just
24:49
slide down into one of the ditches on either side.
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It's always harder to walk the ridgeline, but that's where the
24:54
view is and that's where the truth is.
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I just want to circle back to that smuggling fallacy one more
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time before we wrap up. I think it is such a useful tool
25:03
for you listening not just for theology but for thinking in
25:06
general. It's a great tool for critical
25:07
thinking whenever you're thinking about spiritual
25:10
realities. Angels, heaven, the nature of
25:13
God. You have to ask yourself, am I
25:15
smuggling in space and time without realizing it?
25:18
Am I imagining God is just a big man in the sky?
25:21
Am I imagining Heaven is just earth with fluffier clouds and
25:25
better lighting? Lewis is constantly pushing us
25:28
to strip away those sensory metaphors to get to the logical
25:31
core of the thing. And when we do that with this
25:33
manyness problem, we realize how limited our minds are.
25:37
We realize that time and space are not absolute containers that
25:41
God sits inside of. They are things he invented like
25:44
a painter invents a canvas. And he invented them for a
25:47
purpose. To make you possible.
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That is a showstopper of a thought.
25:51
It really is. As we closeout, I want to try
25:53
and synthesize this for you because you might be feeling a
25:56
bit dizzy from all the metaphysics.
25:58
We've covered a lot of ground, from the printing press to the
26:01
North Pole to the Physiology of lungs mirror.
26:04
Let's boil it down to the essentials.
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OK .1 the pain and struggle of life are largely due to the fall
26:10
or rebellion, but the physical universe itself, the fact that
26:14
we're biological creatures in space and time, that is
26:18
necessary. It isn't a mistake, it is the
26:20
machine God uses to create distinct individuals.
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Right. Without the mold of nature, we
26:26
would be indistinguishable spiritual blobs.
26:28
There'd be no you. .2 We are not just a collection of individuals
26:32
like pennies in a jar. We are an Organism.
26:35
We are biologically and spiritually connected.
26:37
Parts of a single body. And .3 because we are an
26:40
Organism, we must be different, and we should stop trying to
26:42
force everyone to be the same. That's totalitarianism.
26:45
But we should also stop pretending we are uncontacted,
26:47
connected. That's individualism.
26:49
We have to reject the devil's false choices.
26:52
We don't pick the lesser of two evils.
26:54
We walk the path of the body of Christ, which is unity and
26:58
diversity. It's deep theology, but it has
27:01
immediate application for how I look at myself in the mirror and
27:04
how I look at the person sitting across from me on the bus.
27:07
That's the beauty of Lewis. He starts with the Trinity and
27:11
he ends with how to treat your neighbor.
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He shows that your ethics are completely driven by your
27:16
metaphysics. What you really believe about
27:19
God changes how you treat people.
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I want to leave you with a final thought to chew on.
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This week, we talked about Lewis's speculation that space
27:27
and matter might exist solely to allow you to be distinct from
27:31
God and from your neighbor. A tentative guess, as he says,
27:34
but a powerful one. If that is true, or even close
27:37
to true, then your physical body, your height, your age,
27:40
your location, your gender, even your physical limitations.
27:43
They aren't just temporary vessels or accidental cages.
27:46
There are the very definition of your unique selfhood.
27:49
They are the tools God used to carve you out of the block of
27:52
potentiality. That's right, you are not a
27:54
ghost wrapped in a machine. You are a person being forged.
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So what does that mean for how you treat your physical life
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today? If your body is the very
28:03
mechanism of your uniqueness, maybe we should stop resenting
28:07
it and start seeing it as the gift that makes us possible.
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And seeing our neighbor's body and their situation with that
28:14
same reverence, they are being forged too.
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Exactly, Thank you for diving deep with us today.
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This was a workout, but a good one.
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A pleasure as always. Keep thinking, keep reading, and
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we will see you on the next deep dive.