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Ocean with David Attenborough: Why There's Still Hope for the Sea · How To Protect The Ocean

• 1:00:00
  I just came back
• 1:00:01
  from watching the
• 1:00:02
  movie Ocean
• 1:00:02
  narrated by Sir
• 1:00:04
  David
• 1:00:04
  Attenborough and
• 1:00:05
  I have to admit I
• 1:00:06
  loved it
• 1:00:07
  I'm not usually a
• 1:00:08
  huge fan of
• 1:00:09
  documentaries
• 1:00:10
  that are
• 1:00:10
  this size
• 1:00:11
  Although
• 1:00:11
  everything Sir
• 1:00:12
  David
• 1:00:13
  Attenborough is a
• 1:00:13
  part of seems to
• 1:00:14
  do really well
• 1:00:15
  and I
• 1:00:15
  really like it
• 1:00:16
  But over the last
• 1:00:17
  couple of years
• 1:00:17
  there have been
• 1:00:18
  some
• 1:00:18
  documentaries
• 1:00:18
  have come out
• 1:00:19
  I'm not even
• 1:00:20
  gonna mention
• 1:00:20
  some of them that
• 1:00:21
  have been totally
• 1:00:21
  off. I really
• 1:00:23
  like this movie
• 1:00:24
  I'm gonna talk
• 1:00:24
  about what I
• 1:00:25
  liked why I like
• 1:00:26
  the message of
• 1:00:27
  hope and also
• 1:00:28
  we're gonna talk
• 1:00:29
  about some of the
• 1:00:29
  Controversies in
• 1:00:30
  this movie
• 1:00:31
  because there's
• 1:00:31
  always
• 1:00:32
  controversial
• 1:00:32
  there's criticism
• 1:00:33
  from the fishing
• 1:00:34
  industry
• 1:00:34
  We're gonna talk
• 1:00:35
  about the bottom
• 1:00:36
  trawling that was
• 1:00:37
  talked about in
• 1:00:37
  this movie as
• 1:00:38
  well as the
• 1:00:39
  marine protected
• 1:00:40
  areas that was
• 1:00:40
  talked about
• 1:00:41
  In this movie on
• 1:00:42
  this episode of
• 1:00:43
  the how to
• 1:00:43
  protect the ocean
• 1:00:43
  podcast. Let's
• 1:00:44
  start the show
• 1:00:48
  Hey everybody,
• 1:00:48
  welcome back to
• 1:00:49
  another exciting
• 1:00:49
  episode of the
• 1:00:50
  how to protect
• 1:00:50
  the ocean podcast
• 1:00:51
  I'm your host
• 1:00:52
  Andrew Lewin and
• 1:00:52
  this is the
• 1:00:53
  podcast where you
• 1:00:53
  find out what's
• 1:00:54
  happening with
• 1:00:54
  the ocean how you
• 1:00:55
  could
• 1:00:55
  speak up for
• 1:00:56
  The ocean and
• 1:00:56
  what you can do
• 1:00:57
  to live for a
• 1:00:58
  better ocean by
• 1:00:59
  taking action on
• 1:01:00
  today's episode
• 1:01:01
  We're gonna be
• 1:01:01
  talking about a
• 1:01:02
  movie that I just
• 1:01:02
  came back from
• 1:01:03
  seeing
• 1:01:03
  called ocean
• 1:01:04
  It's really tells
• 1:01:05
  you exactly what
• 1:01:06
  it's all about
• 1:01:07
  ocean is by Sir
• 1:01:08
  David
• 1:01:08
  Attenborough
• 1:01:08
  narrated by Sir
• 1:01:09
  David
• 1:01:09
  Attenborough
• 1:01:10
  He is 99 years
• 1:01:11
  old folks
• 1:01:12
  99 and for the
• 1:01:13
  past
• 1:01:14
  couple of years
• 1:01:14
  He's been working
• 1:01:15
  on this movie
• 1:01:16
  that was released
• 1:01:17
  in theaters and
• 1:01:18
  selected theaters
• 1:01:18
  It was a small
• 1:01:20
  venue for me that
• 1:01:21
  I went to him
• 1:01:21
  usually go to
• 1:01:22
  these big big
• 1:01:23
  epic movies
• 1:01:24
  This is a small
• 1:01:24
  movie, but it was
• 1:01:26
  packed with great
• 1:01:27
  messaging some
• 1:01:28
  controversies
• 1:01:29
  I want to kind of
• 1:01:30
  clear up a little
• 1:01:30
  bit and also it
• 1:01:32
  just opens the
• 1:01:33
  conversation to a
• 1:01:34
  lot more
• 1:01:35
  Let's just say
• 1:01:36
  that and I think
• 1:01:36
  it's really great
• 1:01:37
  that it does that
• 1:01:38
  it was released
• 1:01:39
  on purpose before
• 1:01:40
  the ocean decade
• 1:01:41
  conference
• 1:01:42
  In Nice France
• 1:01:43
  and even mentions
• 1:01:43
  it in the film
• 1:01:44
  and it's
• 1:01:45
  something where
• 1:01:46
  it's like hey,
• 1:01:46
  you know what?
• 1:01:47
  We need to really
• 1:01:47
  be able to
• 1:01:48
  protect our
• 1:01:48
  oceans and land
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  But our oceans
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  especially and we
• 1:01:52
  need to do that
• 1:01:52
  at this
• 1:01:53
  conference and we
• 1:01:53
  need to get some
• 1:01:54
  great results
• 1:01:55
  So it's calling
• 1:01:55
  on all the
• 1:01:56
  negotiators at
• 1:01:57
  this conference
• 1:01:58
  to come out with some
• 1:01:58
  great results
• 1:01:59
  I will actually
• 1:01:59
  be there at that
• 1:02:00
  conference
• 1:02:01
  So I'll give you
• 1:02:02
  the lowdown of
• 1:02:02
  what I
• 1:02:03
  experienced and
• 1:02:03
  what I saw at
• 1:02:05
  this conference
• 1:02:05
  I'm going to a
• 1:02:06
  bunch of side
• 1:02:06
  events not the
• 1:02:07
  main conference,
• 1:02:07
  but I'm sure
• 1:02:07
  there's gonna be
• 1:02:08
  lots to
• 1:02:08
  talk about
• 1:02:09
  So let's get into
• 1:02:10
  the movie of why
• 1:02:11
  I loved
• 1:02:12
  this movie
• 1:02:12
  It really comes
• 1:02:13
  out to the
• 1:02:14
  messaging the
• 1:02:15
  messaging of hope
• 1:02:16
  a lot of times
• 1:02:17
  I've seen these
• 1:02:18
  documentaries and
• 1:02:19
  they talk a lot
• 1:02:20
  about the
• 1:02:21
  destruction
• 1:02:21
  that's happening
• 1:02:22
  a lot of times
• 1:02:23
  they cover
• 1:02:23
  everything
• 1:02:24
  You know, you're
• 1:02:24
  looking at the
• 1:02:25
  major ones over
• 1:02:26
  fishing
• 1:02:26
  climate change
• 1:02:28
  plastic pollution
• 1:02:29
  water quality
• 1:02:30
  problems with
• 1:02:31
  other pollution
• 1:02:32
  like industrial
• 1:02:33
  pollution
• 1:02:34
  and so forth
• 1:02:35
  Development along
• 1:02:36
  coastal lines
• 1:02:37
  aquaculture and
• 1:02:37
  so forth. There's
• 1:02:38
  a lot of things
• 1:02:39
  that they
• 1:02:40
  like to cover
• 1:02:40
  There's you know
• 1:02:41
  a couple of them
• 1:02:42
  have covered like
• 1:02:43
  coral bleaching
• 1:02:44
  and the messaging
• 1:02:45
  is very
• 1:02:45
  depressing
• 1:02:46
  throughout the
• 1:02:46
  entire film
• 1:02:47
  There's no
• 1:02:48
  message of hope
• 1:02:48
  and they really
• 1:02:49
  talk about the
• 1:02:50
  conservation
• 1:02:50
  aspect of it in
• 1:02:52
  the last five
• 1:02:52
  minutes sometimes
• 1:02:53
  even in
• 1:02:54
  the credits
• 1:02:55
  These aren't
• 1:02:56
  great
• 1:02:56
  documentaries
• 1:02:57
  because they're
• 1:02:58
  good at telling
• 1:02:58
  you what is wrong
• 1:03:00
  They're not going
• 1:03:00
  to tell you how
• 1:03:01
  you can do and
• 1:03:02
  you just leave
• 1:03:02
  the people with
• 1:03:04
  this pessimism of
• 1:03:05
  the ocean of
• 1:03:06
  what's happening
• 1:03:07
  Around our planet
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  and to a point
• 1:03:09
  where people are
• 1:03:10
  just giving up.
• 1:03:11
  It's like well if
• 1:03:11
  we can't do
• 1:03:11
  anything
• 1:03:12
  who cares
• 1:03:12
  I'm just
• 1:03:13
  gonna give up
• 1:03:14
  It's almost like
• 1:03:15
  eating and
• 1:03:15
  getting on a diet
• 1:03:16
  if you don't see
• 1:03:17
  the results that
• 1:03:18
  you want
• 1:03:18
  right away
• 1:03:18
  You can get off
• 1:03:19
  that diet and you
• 1:03:20
  almost eat worse
• 1:03:21
  than what you did
• 1:03:21
  before when you
• 1:03:22
  restrict yourself
• 1:03:23
  So it's really
• 1:03:24
  important that
• 1:03:25
  messaging that
• 1:03:26
  comes out of
• 1:03:27
  these
• 1:03:27
  documentaries
• 1:03:27
  like ocean
• 1:03:29
  Has to be
• 1:03:30
  positive has to
• 1:03:31
  show hope we love
• 1:03:32
  movies with
• 1:03:33
  hope humans
• 1:03:34
  Love stories with
• 1:03:35
  hope hence the
• 1:03:36
  Star Wars
• 1:03:36
  trilogies have
• 1:03:38
  been great with
• 1:03:38
  messages of hope
• 1:03:40
  That's what it's
• 1:03:41
  all about and
• 1:03:42
  that's what ocean
• 1:03:43
  is all about.
• 1:03:44
  It's about hope
• 1:03:44
  the movie
• 1:03:45
  starts off
• 1:03:46
  You know spoiler
• 1:03:47
  warning there's
• 1:03:48
  not much spoilers
• 1:03:49
  in this one
• 1:03:49
  But spoiler
• 1:03:49
  warning the movie
• 1:03:50
  starts off
• 1:03:51
  showing the
• 1:03:52
  beauty of the
• 1:03:53
  ocean what I
• 1:03:53
  really love about
• 1:03:54
  it right at the
• 1:03:55
  beginning
• 1:03:55
  It ties the
• 1:03:57
  connection of the
• 1:03:57
  deep sea to the
• 1:03:59
  surface right off
• 1:04:00
  the bat. We see a
• 1:04:01
  bait ball
• 1:04:01
  We see a bunch of
• 1:04:02
  sharks. We see
• 1:04:03
  dolphins
• 1:04:03
  We see whales and
• 1:04:05
  then we all of a
• 1:04:05
  sudden we see sea
• 1:04:06
  mounts and David
• 1:04:07
  Adam Brill's
• 1:04:08
  talking about how
• 1:04:08
  sea mounts play
• 1:04:09
  an important
• 1:04:09
  Role to bring up
• 1:04:11
  nutrients from
• 1:04:11
  the bottom of the
• 1:04:12
  ocean the deep
• 1:04:13
  sea to the
• 1:04:13
  surface to feed
• 1:04:15
  all of these
• 1:04:16
  traveling species
• 1:04:17
  It's really
• 1:04:18
  really well done
• 1:04:19
  and then talks a
• 1:04:20
  lot about the
• 1:04:21
  canyons that are
• 1:04:21
  down there and
• 1:04:22
  how many sea
• 1:04:23
  mounts are
• 1:04:23
  down there
• 1:04:23
  Where they are
• 1:04:24
  and they show
• 1:04:24
  this almost 3d
• 1:04:26
  image of the
• 1:04:27
  bottom of the
• 1:04:27
  ocean really
• 1:04:28
  giving a
• 1:04:29
  perspective
• 1:04:29
  of how?
• 1:04:31
  Productive the
• 1:04:31
  ocean can be I
• 1:04:33
  think a lot of
• 1:04:33
  times when we see
• 1:04:34
  open ocean we see
• 1:04:35
  it as a barren
• 1:04:36
  Waterway a barren
• 1:04:37
  just a water
• 1:04:38
  column and we
• 1:04:39
  don't see much
• 1:04:39
  happening other
• 1:04:40
  than maybe a
• 1:04:41
  whale or two or
• 1:04:42
  maybe a shark
• 1:04:43
  That's you know
• 1:04:43
  traveling from
• 1:04:44
  one place to
• 1:04:44
  another we don't
• 1:04:45
  think about the
• 1:04:46
  connection
• 1:04:46
  between the deep
• 1:04:47
  sea and the
• 1:04:48
  surface was
• 1:04:49
  right away
• 1:04:49
  I think it really
• 1:04:50
  brings up
• 1:04:50
  the you know
• 1:04:51
  How we're messing
• 1:04:52
  around with the
• 1:04:53
  deep sea too much
• 1:04:54
  talking about
• 1:04:54
  deep sea mining
• 1:04:55
  and so forth
• 1:04:56
  really gives
• 1:04:56
  people
• 1:04:57
  perspective that
• 1:04:57
  it's all
• 1:04:58
  Connected and
• 1:04:59
  that we need to
• 1:04:59
  be careful
• 1:05:00
  doesn't mention
• 1:05:01
  deep sea mining
• 1:05:01
  But you kind of
• 1:05:02
  like somebody who
• 1:05:03
  covers ocean all
• 1:05:04
  the time
• 1:05:04
  I'm like this is
• 1:05:05
  a great way to
• 1:05:06
  get people to
• 1:05:06
  really think
• 1:05:07
  about the deep
• 1:05:07
  sea and how it's
• 1:05:09
  connected to the
• 1:05:09
  surface and how
• 1:05:10
  we could benefit
• 1:05:11
  as humans and
• 1:05:12
  bringing up
• 1:05:12
  plankton that you
• 1:05:14
  know bring in a
• 1:05:15
  third of the
• 1:05:15
  carbon
• 1:05:15
  dioxide and
• 1:05:16
  Absorb the third
• 1:05:17
  of the carbon
• 1:05:17
  dioxide in our
• 1:05:18
  atmosphere and
• 1:05:19
  how important
• 1:05:20
  that is just from
• 1:05:21
  a climate change
• 1:05:21
  reduction point
• 1:05:22
  of view and it
• 1:05:23
  Doesn't talk
• 1:05:23
  about the
• 1:05:23
  productive nature
• 1:05:25
  of upwellings
• 1:05:26
  Which is bringing
• 1:05:27
  nutrients from
• 1:05:27
  the deep sea to
• 1:05:28
  the surface so
• 1:05:29
  that animals can
• 1:05:30
  like whales and
• 1:05:31
  dolphins and tuna
• 1:05:32
  and all
• 1:05:32
  those animals
• 1:05:33
  Can feed off of
• 1:05:34
  especially if
• 1:05:35
  they're migratory
• 1:05:35
  species. It was a
• 1:05:36
  great way of
• 1:05:37
  depicting it
• 1:05:37
  I loved right off
• 1:05:38
  the bat just
• 1:05:39
  depicting it
• 1:05:40
  right away. I
• 1:05:40
  thought it was
• 1:05:41
  really well done
• 1:05:42
  I did something
• 1:05:42
  that I think we
• 1:05:43
  need to know from
• 1:05:44
  a perspective
• 1:05:45
  then it starts
• 1:05:46
  talking about
• 1:05:46
  different
• 1:05:47
  Habitats around
• 1:05:48
  the world, you
• 1:05:49
  know, we see
• 1:05:50
  areas in Africa.
• 1:05:51
  We see areas in
• 1:05:53
  the northern UK
• 1:05:54
  We see areas into
• 1:05:56
  the Channel
• 1:05:56
  Islands and we
• 1:05:57
  see a lot of
• 1:05:58
  different areas a
• 1:05:59
  lot of different
• 1:05:59
  like kelp forests
• 1:06:00
  And then we see
• 1:06:01
  these scallop
• 1:06:02
  beds we get to
• 1:06:03
  see these coral
• 1:06:03
  reefs like in the
• 1:06:04
  Indo-Pacific and
• 1:06:05
  so forth
• 1:06:06
  It's just a
• 1:06:06
  really good
• 1:06:07
  depiction of the
• 1:06:08
  different types
• 1:06:09
  of environments
• 1:06:09
  that are around
• 1:06:10
  talks
• 1:06:11
  about you know
• 1:06:11
  The discovery of
• 1:06:12
  this massive
• 1:06:13
  seagrass bed that
• 1:06:14
  we discovered a
• 1:06:15
  couple of
• 1:06:15
  years ago
• 1:06:16
  That was
• 1:06:16
  discovered by
• 1:06:17
  work done by dr
• 1:06:18
  Austin Gallagher
• 1:06:19
  friend of the
• 1:06:19
  podcast in his
• 1:06:21
  team of beneath
• 1:06:21
  the waves
• 1:06:22
  It was great to
• 1:06:23
  see all these
• 1:06:23
  depicted wasn't
• 1:06:24
  just coral reefs
• 1:06:25
  that
• 1:06:26
  showed benefit
• 1:06:26
  It was all these
• 1:06:27
  different
• 1:06:27
  habitats that had
• 1:06:28
  beautiful colors
• 1:06:29
  and fish from all
• 1:06:30
  over and people
• 1:06:31
  talking about
• 1:06:31
  How important it
• 1:06:32
  is for them to
• 1:06:33
  fish talked
• 1:06:34
  a lot about?
• 1:06:35
  artisanal fishers
• 1:06:36
  so local fishers
• 1:06:38
  that are
• 1:06:38
  really just
• 1:06:39
  Benefiting
• 1:06:39
  themselves by
• 1:06:40
  fishing and want
• 1:06:41
  to fish for
• 1:06:42
  generations and
• 1:06:43
  generations
• 1:06:43
  generations are
• 1:06:44
  looking to be
• 1:06:45
  more sustainable
• 1:06:46
  Working with
• 1:06:47
  probably
• 1:06:47
  scientists and
• 1:06:48
  governments and
• 1:06:49
  so forth to be
• 1:06:50
  more sustainable
• 1:06:51
  And I think
• 1:06:51
  that's a really
• 1:06:52
  important message
• 1:06:53
  Especially as
• 1:06:54
  they get more and
• 1:06:55
  more into the
• 1:06:56
  movie because
• 1:06:56
  when they get
• 1:06:57
  into the movie
• 1:06:57
  they talk about
• 1:06:59
  Industrial
• 1:06:59
  fishing in this
• 1:07:00
  movie they're
• 1:07:01
  focusing on
• 1:07:01
  industrial
• 1:07:02
  trawling and they
• 1:07:03
  even have
• 1:07:04
  cameras that are
• 1:07:05
  hooked up to the
• 1:07:06
  trolls multiple
• 1:07:06
  angle cameras
• 1:07:07
  that are hooked
• 1:07:08
  up to a trial to
• 1:07:09
  show how
• 1:07:10
  Devastating a
• 1:07:10
  trawl could be a
• 1:07:12
  trawl that comes
• 1:07:12
  through I've
• 1:07:13
  talked about this
• 1:07:14
  a number of times
• 1:07:14
  We'll go
• 1:07:15
  over quickly
• 1:07:15
  It has these
• 1:07:16
  doors that sink
• 1:07:17
  and open up the
• 1:07:18
  net it has a
• 1:07:19
  chain that
• 1:07:19
  connects the
• 1:07:20
  doors at the
• 1:07:20
  beginning the
• 1:07:20
  entrance of
• 1:07:21
  The nets a
• 1:07:21
  massive net that
• 1:07:22
  trails behind and
• 1:07:23
  then it just
• 1:07:24
  scrapes
• 1:07:25
  the bottom
• 1:07:26
  With that chain
• 1:07:27
  and it takes
• 1:07:27
  everything every
• 1:07:28
  fish and critter
• 1:07:29
  that's in there
• 1:07:30
  and it'll
• 1:07:30
  put it up now
• 1:07:31
  We're gonna talk
• 1:07:32
  a little bit more
• 1:07:33
  in a bit about
• 1:07:34
  trawling and how
• 1:07:35
  they could be
• 1:07:35
  changed and how
• 1:07:36
  it's
• 1:07:36
  optimized to be
• 1:07:37
  A little better
• 1:07:38
  we're gonna talk
• 1:07:39
  about that in a
• 1:07:40
  bit, but that's
• 1:07:40
  what it shows
• 1:07:41
  It shows kind of
• 1:07:41
  the devastation
• 1:07:42
  that it leaves
• 1:07:43
  You know in its
• 1:07:44
  path as this wide
• 1:07:46
  opening say 10
• 1:07:47
  foot may 20 foot
• 1:07:48
  wide opening net
• 1:07:49
  Just destroys
• 1:07:49
  everything in its
• 1:07:50
  path and it goes
• 1:07:51
  for a certain
• 1:07:51
  amount of
• 1:07:52
  kilometers and
• 1:07:52
  then it pans out
• 1:07:53
  to a drone
• 1:07:54
  It shows the
• 1:07:54
  different paths
• 1:07:55
  which are very
• 1:07:56
  narrow paths, you
• 1:07:57
  know, just to
• 1:07:58
  look at it from
• 1:07:58
  that perspective
• 1:07:59
  But we're gonna
• 1:08:00
  talk a little bit
• 1:08:00
  about why they're
• 1:08:01
  showing these
• 1:08:02
  trolls because
• 1:08:02
  they're talking
• 1:08:02
  about how
• 1:08:03
  trolls are
• 1:08:04
  Allowed to go and
• 1:08:05
  pretty much
• 1:08:05
  anywhere in
• 1:08:06
  certain countries
• 1:08:07
  in the UK. There
• 1:08:08
  was a study that
• 1:08:09
  was released
• 1:08:09
  I think I covered
• 1:08:10
  it on the podcast
• 1:08:10
  90% of the MPAs
• 1:08:13
  in the UK allow
• 1:08:14
  bottom trawling
• 1:08:15
  now if you think
• 1:08:16
  about an MPa
• 1:08:17
  Which it talks
• 1:08:17
  about in the
• 1:08:18
  episode as one of
• 1:08:19
  those
• 1:08:19
  hopeful things
• 1:08:20
  It says look
• 1:08:20
  here's this
• 1:08:21
  fishing this
• 1:08:21
  devastating fish
• 1:08:22
  in that if you
• 1:08:23
  use trawling over
• 1:08:24
  and over and over
• 1:08:25
  again the
• 1:08:26
  same area
• 1:08:26
  It's gonna
• 1:08:27
  destroy the
• 1:08:27
  habitat and we'll
• 1:08:28
  get into that a
• 1:08:29
  little bit, but
• 1:08:30
  we could get
• 1:08:31
  away from it
• 1:08:31
  It talks a lot
• 1:08:32
  about this
• 1:08:32
  depressing stuff
• 1:08:33
  and you get
• 1:08:33
  depressing
• 1:08:34
  I was watching
• 1:08:34
  with my daughter
• 1:08:35
  my daughter says
• 1:08:35
  she even cried in
• 1:08:36
  certain
• 1:08:36
  situations there
• 1:08:37
  because it was so
• 1:08:38
  depressing
• 1:08:38
  to see these
• 1:08:39
  animals suffering
• 1:08:40
  like
• 1:08:40
  invertebrates and
• 1:08:41
  so forth and just
• 1:08:42
  a barren sea
• 1:08:42
  after seeing such
• 1:08:43
  a productive area
• 1:08:45
  But then it goes
• 1:08:46
  into some hope it
• 1:08:47
  says hey
• 1:08:47
  You know what the
• 1:08:48
  ocean can recover
• 1:08:49
  really quickly
• 1:08:49
  when it recovers
• 1:08:50
  really quickly is
• 1:08:51
  once we start
• 1:08:52
  telling people
• 1:08:52
  that you
• 1:08:53
  can't fish
• 1:08:53
  In certain areas
• 1:08:54
  certain areas are
• 1:08:55
  known to be
• 1:08:55
  productive and
• 1:08:56
  once those areas
• 1:08:57
  are productive
• 1:08:58
  and fish are
• 1:08:59
  allowed to come
• 1:08:59
  back and regulate
• 1:09:00
  The habitat then
• 1:09:02
  they start to
• 1:09:02
  have a spillover
• 1:09:03
  effect outside
• 1:09:04
  the boundaries of
• 1:09:05
  the marine
• 1:09:06
  protected area
• 1:09:06
  And then that
• 1:09:07
  could spill
• 1:09:07
  effect can go for
• 1:09:08
  kilometers
• 1:09:09
  depending on the
• 1:09:09
  species and its
• 1:09:10
  larval dispersal
• 1:09:11
  rates and
• 1:09:11
  everything
• 1:09:12
  like that
• 1:09:12
  And it has such a
• 1:09:13
  benefit. I want
• 1:09:14
  you to watch the
• 1:09:15
  movie. So I'm not
• 1:09:16
  gonna say the
• 1:09:16
  whole explanation
• 1:09:16
  I want you to
• 1:09:17
  watch the movie
• 1:09:17
  because the
• 1:09:18
  imagery and the
• 1:09:19
  videography
• 1:09:20
  is just
• 1:09:21
  Phenomenal, you
• 1:09:22
  know seeing the
• 1:09:23
  different colors
• 1:09:23
  of the shallows
• 1:09:25
  and different
• 1:09:25
  colors of the
• 1:09:26
  deep sea
• 1:09:27
  It's just
• 1:09:27
  amazing. So you
• 1:09:27
  have to watch it,
• 1:09:28
  but that was part
• 1:09:29
  of the message
• 1:09:29
  was this hope I
• 1:09:30
  was like,
• 1:09:30
  oh, okay
• 1:09:31
  So they're
• 1:09:31
  talking about a
• 1:09:31
  lot of depressing
• 1:09:32
  stuff. They
• 1:09:33
  didn't spend the
• 1:09:33
  whole movie on it
• 1:09:34
  But they talked a
• 1:09:34
  lot about the
• 1:09:35
  hope and MPAs
• 1:09:36
  then they started
• 1:09:36
  talking about the
• 1:09:37
  problem with some
• 1:09:37
  MPAs in the way
• 1:09:38
  they're managed
• 1:09:39
  Which is great.
• 1:09:39
  They could have
• 1:09:40
  gone into a
• 1:09:40
  little bit
• 1:09:40
  more detail
• 1:09:41
  But I know what
• 1:09:42
  they were trying
• 1:09:42
  to do and then
• 1:09:43
  they started to
• 1:09:43
  come back and
• 1:09:44
  they say hey, you
• 1:09:44
  know what?
• 1:09:45
  We've actually
• 1:09:45
  had some great
• 1:09:46
  things the
• 1:09:46
  Channel Islands
• 1:09:47
  off the coast of
• 1:09:48
  California
• 1:09:48
  in the USA
• 1:09:49
  The Channel
• 1:09:49
  Islands came back
• 1:09:50
  and they had a
• 1:09:51
  marine protected
• 1:09:52
  area and people
• 1:09:52
  said oh, you know
• 1:09:53
  after a while
• 1:09:54
  We started to see
• 1:09:54
  changes happening
• 1:09:55
  and then we
• 1:09:56
  started to get
• 1:09:56
  record numbers of
• 1:09:57
  catches in
• 1:09:58
  this case
• 1:09:58
  It was lobsters
• 1:09:59
  finally, so you
• 1:09:59
  started to see
• 1:10:00
  this and you're
• 1:10:00
  like, okay, so
• 1:10:01
  this is
• 1:10:01
  actually working
• 1:10:02
  We've seen this
• 1:10:03
  before in the
• 1:10:04
  literature
• 1:10:04
  We've seen marine
• 1:10:05
  protected areas
• 1:10:06
  that if done
• 1:10:06
  properly and
• 1:10:07
  managed properly
• 1:10:08
  and enforced
• 1:10:09
  properly
• 1:10:09
  You can see a
• 1:10:11
  change back to
• 1:10:12
  the system that
• 1:10:13
  was productive
• 1:10:14
  and a change in
• 1:10:15
  the habitat
• 1:10:15
  So that was
• 1:10:16
  really great the
• 1:10:17
  messaging overall
• 1:10:19
  was like we have
• 1:10:20
  hope the ocean
• 1:10:20
  can recover
• 1:10:21
  There are people
• 1:10:22
  that can do some
• 1:10:23
  really
• 1:10:23
  great things
• 1:10:24
  They talked also
• 1:10:25
  about Antarctica
• 1:10:26
  and some of the
• 1:10:27
  trawling that's
• 1:10:27
  happening
• 1:10:27
  Antarctica for
• 1:10:28
  krill and how the
• 1:10:29
  whales are
• 1:10:29
  using that
• 1:10:30
  Area at the
• 1:10:31
  Southern Ocean to
• 1:10:32
  get krill and now
• 1:10:33
  they're running
• 1:10:33
  out of food
• 1:10:34
  So what's gonna
• 1:10:34
  happen with the
• 1:10:35
  whales they even
• 1:10:36
  talked about the
• 1:10:37
  recovery near the
• 1:10:37
  end especially
• 1:10:38
  which I thought
• 1:10:38
  was really
• 1:10:39
  interesting
• 1:10:39
  They talked about
• 1:10:40
  how we've done
• 1:10:40
  this before
• 1:10:41
  We've taken
• 1:10:42
  animals to the
• 1:10:43
  brink of
• 1:10:43
  extinction ie
• 1:10:44
  whales when we
• 1:10:45
  used to hunt
• 1:10:45
  whales back in
• 1:10:47
  the 1800s
• 1:10:48
  Almost to
• 1:10:48
  extinction
• 1:10:49
  because we used
• 1:10:50
  to hunt whales
• 1:10:50
  for fuel. That's
• 1:10:52
  how we got fuel
• 1:10:52
  That's how we
• 1:10:53
  burnt all the
• 1:10:53
  lights and
• 1:10:54
  everything like
• 1:10:54
  that and how the
• 1:10:55
  lights stay on
• 1:10:56
  they would
• 1:10:56
  burn slower
• 1:10:57
  That was our
• 1:10:58
  energy and so we
• 1:10:59
  hunted whales to
• 1:11:00
  the brink until
• 1:11:01
  we said, you know
• 1:11:01
  What we
• 1:11:02
  discovered oil
• 1:11:02
  and gas oil and
• 1:11:04
  gas became the
• 1:11:04
  main
• 1:11:04
  producer of energy
• 1:11:05
  People want to
• 1:11:06
  stop hunting the
• 1:11:07
  whales eventually
• 1:11:07
  stopped there's
• 1:11:08
  certain countries
• 1:11:09
  that still do but
• 1:11:10
  for the most part
• 1:11:11
  We've seen a
• 1:11:11
  recovery of
• 1:11:12
  humpback whales
• 1:11:13
  of bowhead was of
• 1:11:14
  a lot of
• 1:11:15
  different whales
• 1:11:15
  out there blue
• 1:11:16
  whales
• 1:11:17
  that you know
• 1:11:18
  We're hunted to
• 1:11:18
  almost extinction
• 1:11:19
  and now we've
• 1:11:19
  seen like they're
• 1:11:20
  great
• 1:11:20
  conservation
• 1:11:21
  stories if we put
• 1:11:22
  together
• 1:11:23
  Conservation
• 1:11:23
  winds we can
• 1:11:24
  really do a
• 1:11:25
  good job now
• 1:11:27
  Here's what they
• 1:11:27
  talked about
• 1:11:28
  right at the end
• 1:11:29
  before
• 1:11:29
  the credits
• 1:11:29
  They basically
• 1:11:30
  wrote on text on
• 1:11:31
  the screen
• 1:11:32
  basically saying
• 1:11:32
  that the ocean
• 1:11:33
  decade conference
• 1:11:33
  coming up in Nice
• 1:11:34
  France where
• 1:11:35
  countries are
• 1:11:35
  gonna be
• 1:11:36
  Negotiating and
• 1:11:36
  trying to sign
• 1:11:37
  and talk about
• 1:11:38
  what the work
• 1:11:38
  that they've been
• 1:11:38
  doing to protect
• 1:11:39
  30% of the ocean
• 1:11:41
  by 2030 and 30%
• 1:11:42
  Of their control
• 1:11:43
  like exclusive
• 1:11:44
  economic zone,
• 1:11:45
  you know
• 1:11:45
  They'd call for
• 1:11:46
  those countries
• 1:11:46
  to do a better
• 1:11:47
  job to get more
• 1:11:48
  protection
• 1:11:49
  Faster because
• 1:11:50
  there's only
• 1:11:50
  globally there's
• 1:11:51
  less than 3% of
• 1:11:52
  the ocean
• 1:11:53
  protected
• 1:11:53
  But we're seeing
• 1:11:54
  a lot of
• 1:11:54
  productivity come
• 1:11:55
  from that 3% and
• 1:11:56
  we're also seeing
• 1:11:57
  others now
• 1:11:57
  There's a lot of
• 1:11:58
  issues
• 1:11:59
  surrounding MPAs
• 1:12:00
  and designated
• 1:12:01
  MPAs one
• 1:12:01
  I mean, it's not
• 1:12:02
  really an issue,
• 1:12:02
  but it takes a
• 1:12:03
  long time
• 1:12:04
  It takes a long
• 1:12:04
  time because it's
• 1:12:05
  conflict
• 1:12:05
  management
• 1:12:06
  You are telling
• 1:12:07
  people who used
• 1:12:07
  to be able to
• 1:12:08
  fish or do
• 1:12:08
  anything in a
• 1:12:09
  certain area that
• 1:12:10
  they're gonna be
• 1:12:10
  restricted
• 1:12:10
  from doing
• 1:12:11
  That activity in
• 1:12:12
  that area. It's
• 1:12:12
  not just fishing.
• 1:12:13
  It's any kind of
• 1:12:14
  extractive type.
• 1:12:15
  So it could be
• 1:12:16
  oil and gas
• 1:12:16
  It could be
• 1:12:17
  mining it could
• 1:12:18
  be development.
• 1:12:19
  It could be even
• 1:12:20
  recreational
• 1:12:21
  activities
• 1:12:21
  depending on how
• 1:12:22
  bad that area is
• 1:12:24
  So you have to do
• 1:12:25
  a lot of conflict
• 1:12:25
  management
• 1:12:26
  You have to do a
• 1:12:26
  lot of
• 1:12:27
  compromising a
• 1:12:27
  lot of
• 1:12:28
  negotiation to
• 1:12:28
  get an area
• 1:12:29
  protected
• 1:12:30
  And once you get
• 1:12:31
  that area
• 1:12:31
  protected which
• 1:12:32
  could take
• 1:12:32
  anywhere from a
• 1:12:33
  year to like 10
• 1:12:33
  years even longer
• 1:12:34
  to get protected
• 1:12:35
  Then you have to
• 1:12:36
  enforce and you
• 1:12:37
  have to manage
• 1:12:37
  and you have to
• 1:12:38
  go through
• 1:12:38
  adaptive
• 1:12:38
  management
• 1:12:39
  process to change
• 1:12:39
  the
• 1:12:40
  management with
• 1:12:40
  You know
• 1:12:41
  different types
• 1:12:41
  of changes that
• 1:12:42
  are going on in
• 1:12:43
  the world a lot
• 1:12:44
  of stuff
• 1:12:44
  going on there
• 1:12:45
  That was really
• 1:12:45
  interesting to
• 1:12:46
  see they didn't
• 1:12:47
  mention that in
• 1:12:48
  Antarctica
• 1:12:49
  There is the
• 1:12:49
  eastern part of
• 1:12:50
  the ocean in
• 1:12:51
  Antarctica the
• 1:12:51
  southern ocean
• 1:12:52
  that they
• 1:12:52
  want to protect
• 1:12:52
  they've been
• 1:12:53
  trying to get it
• 1:12:53
  protected for
• 1:12:54
  over 10 years and
• 1:12:55
  Antarctica is
• 1:12:56
  managed by 24 25
• 1:12:57
  countries
• 1:12:58
  including China
• 1:12:59
  and Russia who
• 1:12:59
  keep you know
• 1:13:00
  Blocking the vote
• 1:13:01
  to get this area
• 1:13:03
  protected. They
• 1:13:03
  did protect the
• 1:13:04
  Ross MPa or the
• 1:13:05
  Ross sea which
• 1:13:06
  was great
• 1:13:06
  But now they want
• 1:13:07
  to protect this
• 1:13:07
  other area to not
• 1:13:08
  only
• 1:13:08
  protect krill
• 1:13:09
  But other fish
• 1:13:10
  like what they
• 1:13:10
  call the Chilean
• 1:13:11
  sea bass, which
• 1:13:12
  is different fish
• 1:13:13
  I think it's
• 1:13:14
  called Patagonia
• 1:13:15
  and tooth fish
• 1:13:15
  and so people are
• 1:13:17
  trying to protect
• 1:13:17
  but it's hard to
• 1:13:18
  protect
• 1:13:18
  these areas
• 1:13:19
  So there's a lot
• 1:13:20
  of different
• 1:13:20
  issues and then
• 1:13:21
  we talked about
• 1:13:21
  the enforcement
• 1:13:22
  the UK allows
• 1:13:23
  bottom trolley
• 1:13:23
  and 90% of its
• 1:13:24
  marine
• 1:13:24
  protected areas
• 1:13:25
  That's got to
• 1:13:26
  change because
• 1:13:27
  you can't protect
• 1:13:27
  an area. You're
• 1:13:28
  not just
• 1:13:29
  protecting
• 1:13:29
  species
• 1:13:29
  You can't protect
• 1:13:30
  an area because
• 1:13:30
  that's where they
• 1:13:31
  live. That's
• 1:13:31
  where they eat.
• 1:13:32
  That's where they
• 1:13:32
  interact
• 1:13:33
  You have to
• 1:13:33
  protect that area
• 1:13:34
  You can't let
• 1:13:34
  bottom trolley a
• 1:13:35
  destructive
• 1:13:36
  fishing practice
• 1:13:37
  that will come
• 1:13:37
  through and
• 1:13:38
  destroy a
• 1:13:39
  particular part
• 1:13:39
  of the habitat
• 1:13:40
  If that continues
• 1:13:41
  to happen over
• 1:13:42
  and over and over
• 1:13:42
  again, you know
• 1:13:43
  Even it starts
• 1:13:44
  off as narrow
• 1:13:44
  bands that can
• 1:13:45
  increase and
• 1:13:46
  increase as
• 1:13:47
  bottom trolley
• 1:13:47
  continues
• 1:13:48
  to happen
• 1:13:48
  So there's got to
• 1:13:50
  be some
• 1:13:50
  restriction of
• 1:13:51
  extractive
• 1:13:51
  processes in
• 1:13:52
  marine
• 1:13:53
  protected areas
• 1:13:54
  In fact, it was
• 1:13:54
  argued that you
• 1:13:55
  don't really have
• 1:13:56
  a marine
• 1:13:56
  protected area if
• 1:13:57
  you allow
• 1:13:58
  extractive
• 1:13:58
  processes like
• 1:13:59
  fish bottom
• 1:14:00
  trolley in marine
• 1:14:01
  protected
• 1:14:01
  Areas, so there
• 1:14:02
  are a lot of
• 1:14:03
  things that
• 1:14:03
  happen that have
• 1:14:04
  to be stopped now
• 1:14:05
  Let's talk a
• 1:14:05
  little bit about
• 1:14:06
  trawling
• 1:14:07
  Trawling is a
• 1:14:08
  destructive
• 1:14:08
  practice like I
• 1:14:09
  talked about
• 1:14:10
  before it scrapes
• 1:14:11
  the bottom. There
• 1:14:11
  are different
• 1:14:12
  types of trawlers
• 1:14:12
  bottom trawling
• 1:14:13
  There's like mid
• 1:14:14
  water column
• 1:14:15
  trawling where
• 1:14:16
  basically the
• 1:14:16
  trawl goes
• 1:14:17
  through the
• 1:14:17
  water column
• 1:14:18
  It doesn't
• 1:14:18
  actually hit the
• 1:14:19
  bottom and it
• 1:14:19
  takes anything in
• 1:14:20
  the area
• 1:14:21
  I think the krill
• 1:14:22
  are going through
• 1:14:23
  like the mid
• 1:14:23
  column trawling,
• 1:14:25
  but it doesn't
• 1:14:25
  destroy
• 1:14:26
  the bottom
• 1:14:26
  But it does take
• 1:14:27
  a lot depending
• 1:14:28
  on how big the
• 1:14:28
  net it does and
• 1:14:29
  in the oceans
• 1:14:30
  It shows that
• 1:14:30
  they're pretty
• 1:14:31
  big nets and a
• 1:14:32
  lot of processing
• 1:14:32
  going on at sea
• 1:14:33
  before it gets
• 1:14:34
  taken to shore
• 1:14:35
  And so there's
• 1:14:36
  obviously
• 1:14:36
  problems with it,
• 1:14:37
  but does take a
• 1:14:38
  narrow band
• 1:14:39
  So if managed
• 1:14:40
  properly, maybe
• 1:14:41
  you can say hey,
• 1:14:42
  yeah, we can
• 1:14:43
  actually do this
• 1:14:44
  But you can't you
• 1:14:45
  know, there's
• 1:14:45
  certain times
• 1:14:45
  you're be able to
• 1:14:46
  trawl if you take
• 1:14:47
  a narrow band in
• 1:14:48
  a productive area
• 1:14:49
  And you don't
• 1:14:49
  fish beyond that
• 1:14:51
  that band will
• 1:14:52
  fill in with
• 1:14:53
  other organisms
• 1:14:54
  as succession
• 1:14:54
  happens
• 1:14:55
  in ecology
• 1:14:56
  But you know, you
• 1:14:57
  have to be
• 1:14:58
  careful and
• 1:14:58
  manage that
• 1:14:58
  It's very
• 1:14:59
  difficult to
• 1:14:59
  manage at sea
• 1:15:00
  when you're not
• 1:15:00
  there all the
• 1:15:01
  time and
• 1:15:01
  then you know
• 1:15:02
  People can just
• 1:15:03
  go they'll beg
• 1:15:04
  for forgiveness
• 1:15:04
  instead of asking
• 1:15:05
  for permission at
• 1:15:06
  sea and they'll
• 1:15:06
  just keep
• 1:15:07
  Trawling so you
• 1:15:07
  do have to be
• 1:15:08
  careful with
• 1:15:08
  that. There have
• 1:15:09
  been advancements
• 1:15:10
  in
• 1:15:10
  trawling in terms
• 1:15:12
  of net size in
• 1:15:13
  terms of
• 1:15:13
  exclusive devices
• 1:15:14
  such as sea
• 1:15:15
  turtle
• 1:15:15
  exclusion devices
• 1:15:17
  I think there are
• 1:15:17
  also for some
• 1:15:18
  like dolphins as
• 1:15:19
  well where it
• 1:15:19
  allows these
• 1:15:20
  animals to
• 1:15:21
  get out of
• 1:15:22
  the net and be
• 1:15:22
  able to survive
• 1:15:23
  there's mesh
• 1:15:24
  sizes which allow
• 1:15:25
  to be more
• 1:15:26
  selective in
• 1:15:27
  terms of the
• 1:15:27
  type of fish so
• 1:15:28
  they'll have
• 1:15:29
  larger mesh sizes
• 1:15:30
  for larger fish
• 1:15:31
  so the smaller
• 1:15:32
  fish can go
• 1:15:32
  through the mesh
• 1:15:33
  and they won't
• 1:15:33
  get caught trying
• 1:15:34
  to reduce bycatch
• 1:15:35
  but I did look up
• 1:15:36
  some statistics
• 1:15:37
  on it and so
• 1:15:38
  according to some
• 1:15:39
  sources bottom
• 1:15:41
  trawling accounts
• 1:15:41
  for approximately
• 1:15:41
  25% of the
• 1:15:42
  world's wild
• 1:15:43
  caught seafood
• 1:15:44
  and when you
• 1:15:44
  include mid-water
• 1:15:45
  trawling it
• 1:15:46
  contributes just
• 1:15:47
  over one-third
• 1:15:48
  So just over 30%
• 1:15:49
  of global fish
• 1:15:50
  catches in
• 1:15:51
  Canada. I want to
• 1:15:52
  get something
• 1:15:52
  specific
• 1:15:53
  in Canada
• 1:15:54
  It's about 6.5%
• 1:15:55
  of the national
• 1:15:56
  fish catch is
• 1:15:57
  obtained through
• 1:15:58
  trawling methods
• 1:15:59
  The bycatch
• 1:16:00
  concern is that
• 1:16:01
  the bycatch is
• 1:16:02
  estimated at 23%
• 1:16:04
  indicating a
• 1:16:04
  significant
• 1:16:05
  portion of
• 1:16:06
  non-target
• 1:16:07
  species caught
• 1:16:07
  and discarded
• 1:16:08
  In the US the
• 1:16:10
  trawl percentage
• 1:16:10
  accounts for
• 1:16:11
  approximately 4%
• 1:16:12
  of the catch from
• 1:16:13
  trawling
• 1:16:13
  activities
• 1:16:14
  And then the
• 1:16:15
  bycatch is nearly
• 1:16:16
  50% now UK
• 1:16:18
  As I mentioned
• 1:16:19
  90% of the MPAs
• 1:16:21
  have permitted to
• 1:16:22
  have bottom
• 1:16:22
  trawling
• 1:16:23
  But the trawling
• 1:16:24
  stands for
• 1:16:24
  approximately
• 1:16:25
  3.7% of the fish
• 1:16:27
  catch the
• 1:16:27
  nation's
• 1:16:28
  fish catch
• 1:16:28
  So maybe it's not
• 1:16:30
  actually
• 1:16:30
  happening even
• 1:16:31
  though 90% of the
• 1:16:32
  MPAs allow
• 1:16:33
  it to happen
• 1:16:33
  It may not be
• 1:16:34
  happening
• 1:16:35
  everywhere other
• 1:16:36
  notable countries
• 1:16:37
  that have some
• 1:16:38
  significant
• 1:16:38
  trawling
• 1:16:39
  Approximately 65%
• 1:16:40
  of its seafood in
• 1:16:41
  the Netherlands
• 1:16:42
  is caught by
• 1:16:42
  bottom trawling
• 1:16:43
  in Morocco
• 1:16:44
  Also reports
• 1:16:45
  about 65% is
• 1:16:46
  caught from
• 1:16:47
  bottom trawling
• 1:16:47
  and then Vietnam
• 1:16:48
  bottom trawling
• 1:16:49
  accounts for 59%
• 1:16:50
  of its
• 1:16:51
  seafood catch
• 1:16:51
  So now obviously
• 1:16:52
  when you're
• 1:16:53
  looking at bottom
• 1:16:53
  trawling, you're
• 1:16:54
  worried about
• 1:16:54
  habitat
• 1:16:55
  destruction
• 1:16:56
  You're also
• 1:16:56
  worried about
• 1:16:56
  high
• 1:16:57
  bycatch rates
• 1:16:58
  So non-targeted
• 1:16:59
  species including
• 1:17:00
  endangered marine
• 1:17:01
  life are caught
• 1:17:02
  and discarded
• 1:17:02
  leading to
• 1:17:03
  ecological
• 1:17:04
  imbalances
• 1:17:05
  And then of
• 1:17:05
  course carbon
• 1:17:06
  emissions was
• 1:17:06
  mentioned in the
• 1:17:07
  ocean as you
• 1:17:08
  start to dredge
• 1:17:08
  out the bottom
• 1:17:09
  Sediments starts
• 1:17:10
  to get moved and
• 1:17:11
  carbon dioxide
• 1:17:12
  gets released
• 1:17:12
  into the
• 1:17:13
  atmosphere
• 1:17:13
  There's some
• 1:17:14
  recent studies
• 1:17:15
  that say that it
• 1:17:16
  may release
• 1:17:16
  substantial
• 1:17:16
  amounts of carbon
• 1:17:17
  dioxide by
• 1:17:18
  disturbing carbon
• 1:17:19
  rich sediments on
• 1:17:21
  the ocean floor
• 1:17:21
  So there's a lot
• 1:17:22
  going on with
• 1:17:23
  bottom trawling
• 1:17:24
  not the best
• 1:17:25
  fishing method
• 1:17:26
  Obviously,
• 1:17:26
  there's certain
• 1:17:27
  countries that
• 1:17:27
  depend a
• 1:17:28
  lot on it
• 1:17:28
  And there's other
• 1:17:28
  countries that
• 1:17:29
  don't depend a
• 1:17:30
  lot on it
• 1:17:30
  And of course the
• 1:17:31
  management of
• 1:17:31
  MPAs varies from
• 1:17:33
  country to
• 1:17:33
  country
• 1:17:33
  to country
• 1:17:34
  The UN came out
• 1:17:35
  with some
• 1:17:36
  stipulations in
• 1:17:37
  terms of what a
• 1:17:37
  marine protected
• 1:17:38
  area is and they
• 1:17:39
  kind of
• 1:17:40
  follow that
• 1:17:41
  And then we're
• 1:17:41
  also seeing more
• 1:17:42
  conservation
• 1:17:43
  coming in near
• 1:17:44
  shore as I talked
• 1:17:44
  about a couple of
• 1:17:45
  weeks ago with
• 1:17:46
  Angelo Villagomez
• 1:17:47
  and Alia Hadiat
• 1:17:48
  from the center
• 1:17:49
  of american
• 1:17:50
  progress talking
• 1:17:50
  about how near
• 1:17:51
  shore protection
• 1:17:52
  should start to
• 1:17:53
  ramp up and
• 1:17:53
  increase
• 1:17:54
  Because we're
• 1:17:54
  doing a lot on
• 1:17:55
  offshore
• 1:17:55
  But we're not
• 1:17:56
  doing as much on
• 1:17:57
  the inshore where
• 1:17:57
  it's just a
• 1:17:57
  harder
• 1:17:58
  place to do it
• 1:17:59
  The coastal area
• 1:17:59
  is the harder
• 1:18:00
  place where we
• 1:18:01
  are going to be
• 1:18:03
  having problems
• 1:18:03
  in conflict
• 1:18:04
  resolution
• 1:18:04
  That has to take
• 1:18:05
  place before we
• 1:18:06
  can start to
• 1:18:07
  protect those one
• 1:18:08
  of the things
• 1:18:08
  they talked about
• 1:18:09
  papahana
• 1:18:09
  makua kaya
• 1:18:10
  The marine
• 1:18:11
  sanctuary off the
• 1:18:12
  islands of hawaii
• 1:18:13
  or just northern
• 1:18:14
  islands of hawaii
• 1:18:15
  Which is a huge
• 1:18:16
  place that has a
• 1:18:17
  great
• 1:18:17
  spillover effect
• 1:18:19
  Obviously that
• 1:18:19
  was the subject
• 1:18:20
  matter of some
• 1:18:21
  controversy a
• 1:18:22
  couple months ago
• 1:18:23
  when donald trump
• 1:18:24
  opened it
• 1:18:24
  up to fishing
• 1:18:25
  So that's going
• 1:18:25
  to be a problem
• 1:18:26
  But there's a big
• 1:18:27
  focus on this in
• 1:18:29
  the movie
• 1:18:29
  They talk a lot
• 1:18:30
  about how the
• 1:18:31
  size of it's
• 1:18:31
  great and
• 1:18:32
  everything is
• 1:18:32
  doing well
• 1:18:33
  And it's
• 1:18:33
  increased catch
• 1:18:34
  rates by 54
• 1:18:35
  outside the
• 1:18:36
  marine protected
• 1:18:36
  area, which is
• 1:18:37
  all wonderful
• 1:18:38
  The one thing
• 1:18:39
  though that we
• 1:18:39
  should mention is
• 1:18:40
  that in areas
• 1:18:41
  where it's
• 1:18:41
  overseas
• 1:18:42
  territories such
• 1:18:42
  as the
• 1:18:43
  hawaii islands
• 1:18:44
  I guess not
• 1:18:45
  really territory
• 1:18:45
  It's a state but
• 1:18:46
  still like in
• 1:18:47
  those areas where
• 1:18:47
  it's
• 1:18:47
  indigenous led
• 1:18:48
  It's great to
• 1:18:49
  have that
• 1:18:49
  protection
• 1:18:50
  because
• 1:18:50
  especially with
• 1:18:51
  indigenous led
• 1:18:51
  marine protected
• 1:18:52
  areas is usually
• 1:18:53
  pretty good
• 1:18:53
  because it's part
• 1:18:54
  of their culture
• 1:18:55
  However, a lot of
• 1:18:56
  the bigger marine
• 1:18:57
  protected areas
• 1:18:58
  are in areas
• 1:18:59
  where there's a
• 1:19:00
  big indigenous
• 1:19:00
  population
• 1:19:01
  There's less in
• 1:19:02
  the main
• 1:19:03
  population the
• 1:19:04
  non-indigenous
• 1:19:05
  population
• 1:19:06
  because it's
• 1:19:06
  harder to do
• 1:19:07
  And it becomes
• 1:19:08
  more conflicting
• 1:19:09
  and we try to do
• 1:19:10
  one of the sea
• 1:19:10
  mountain canyons
• 1:19:11
  in the us
• 1:19:12
  Just off the
• 1:19:12
  coast of
• 1:19:13
  massachusetts. I
• 1:19:14
  don't know if it
• 1:19:14
  ever got brought
• 1:19:15
  back, but now
• 1:19:15
  that donald trump
• 1:19:16
  is in power
• 1:19:17
  I'm sure it was
• 1:19:17
  an executive
• 1:19:18
  order when it
• 1:19:19
  first came in
• 1:19:19
  under the obama
• 1:19:20
  administration.
• 1:19:20
  Donald trump
• 1:19:21
  took it away
• 1:19:21
  I think biden
• 1:19:22
  took it back. I'm
• 1:19:23
  sure it's got
• 1:19:24
  back stripped
• 1:19:24
  down again
• 1:19:25
  So these are big
• 1:19:26
  problems that
• 1:19:27
  happen not only
• 1:19:27
  in the us but all
• 1:19:28
  over the world
• 1:19:29
  Mpa's are not
• 1:19:30
  easy to designate
• 1:19:31
  which you know,
• 1:19:31
  the movie made it
• 1:19:32
  sound like it
• 1:19:33
  could be
• 1:19:33
  It's not an easy
• 1:19:34
  thing. It works
• 1:19:35
  when it's done
• 1:19:36
  properly and it's
• 1:19:36
  enforced and it's
• 1:19:37
  managed properly
• 1:19:38
  But when it's not
• 1:19:39
  or it takes a
• 1:19:39
  long time to get
• 1:19:40
  it approved, you
• 1:19:41
  know destruction
• 1:19:41
  continues
• 1:19:42
  to happen
• 1:19:42
  And there's
• 1:19:43
  always you know
• 1:19:44
  countries who are
• 1:19:44
  wanting to
• 1:19:45
  get on top
• 1:19:46
  The papahana
• 1:19:47
  makua kia got
• 1:19:48
  opened up because
• 1:19:49
  you know, the us
• 1:19:50
  want to be number
• 1:19:50
  one in the
• 1:19:51
  pacific
• 1:19:51
  for fishing
• 1:19:52
  Pretty much that
• 1:19:53
  was the reason so
• 1:19:53
  that's a big
• 1:19:54
  problem when you
• 1:19:55
  talk about mpa's
• 1:19:56
  and trying to
• 1:19:56
  keep mpa's intact
• 1:19:57
  and protected
• 1:19:58
  So lots of stuff
• 1:19:59
  going on great
• 1:20:00
  message of hope
• 1:20:01
  the fact is hey
• 1:20:01
  You know what?
• 1:20:02
  There's our ways
• 1:20:03
  to do it. We just
• 1:20:03
  have to do it
• 1:20:04
  We just have to
• 1:20:05
  actually go out
• 1:20:05
  and execute and
• 1:20:06
  put in more
• 1:20:06
  marine protected
• 1:20:07
  areas get up to
• 1:20:08
  that 30 percent
• 1:20:08
  Or as close as
• 1:20:09
  possible by 2030
• 1:20:10
  and just continue
• 1:20:11
  to work at it and
• 1:20:12
  work at it and
• 1:20:13
  work at it
• 1:20:14
  So I hope you
• 1:20:15
  have a chance to
• 1:20:15
  go see it. I
• 1:20:16
  don't know what's
• 1:20:16
  going to happen
• 1:20:17
  This was a
• 1:20:17
  release it came
• 1:20:18
  out a little
• 1:20:18
  later in canada
• 1:20:19
  than it did in
• 1:20:20
  the uk when it
• 1:20:20
  was first
• 1:20:21
  released at the
• 1:20:21
  Beginning of the
• 1:20:22
  month in may but
• 1:20:23
  I highly
• 1:20:23
  recommend you go
• 1:20:24
  get I hope they
• 1:20:25
  put it out
• 1:20:25
  on netflix
• 1:20:26
  Or on some
• 1:20:27
  streaming channel
• 1:20:27
  that everybody
• 1:20:27
  can get access to
• 1:20:28
  because I think
• 1:20:29
  it'll make a lot
• 1:20:29
  more waves
• 1:20:30
  No pun intended,
• 1:20:31
  but I hope you
• 1:20:32
  get to see if
• 1:20:33
  you've seen it
• 1:20:33
  and you want to
• 1:20:34
  let me know what
• 1:20:35
  you
• 1:20:35
  thought about it
• 1:20:35
  Please let me
• 1:20:36
  know in the
• 1:20:37
  comments down
• 1:20:37
  below if you're
• 1:20:38
  watching this on
• 1:20:38
  youtube or you
• 1:20:39
  can go to speakup
• 1:20:40
  for blue.com
• 1:20:41
  forward slash
• 1:20:41
  Contact fill out
• 1:20:42
  the form
• 1:20:43
  Let me know what
• 1:20:43
  you thought of
• 1:20:44
  the movie or if
• 1:20:45
  you're looking
• 1:20:45
  forward to seeing
• 1:20:46
  the movie and
• 1:20:46
  then of course
• 1:20:47
  you can always
• 1:20:47
  Hit me up on
• 1:20:48
  instagram at how
• 1:20:49
  to protect
• 1:20:50
  the ocean
• 1:20:50
  That's pat how to
• 1:20:51
  protect the ocean
• 1:20:52
  I want to thank
• 1:20:52
  you so much for
• 1:20:53
  joining me on
• 1:20:53
  today's episode
• 1:20:54
  of the how to
• 1:20:54
  protect the
• 1:20:55
  ocean podcast
• 1:20:55
  Have a great day.
• 1:20:56
  We'll talk to you
• 1:20:56
  next time and
• 1:20:57
  happy
• 1:20:57
  conservation