Latest / Wired To Hunt Podcast / Ep. 445: Foundations - Evaluating Your Whitetail Ambush Options
Transcript
- 0:01Speaker 1: Welcome to the Wired to Hunt Foundations podcast, your guide
- 0:05Speaker 1: to the fundamentals of better dear hunting, and now your host,
- 0:11Speaker 1: Tony Peterson. Welcome to the Wire to Hunt Foundations podcast,
- 0:16Speaker 1: brought to you by First Light. On this week's show,
- 0:18Speaker 1: we're going to take a deep dive into setting up
- 0:21Speaker 1: tree stands, prepping stand and saddle sites, and getting blinds
- 0:24Speaker 1: out and ready for the upcoming season. Anyone who knows
- 0:38Speaker 1: me knows I'm a big believer in having lots of
- 0:41Speaker 1: options when it comes to whitetail hunting. I think the
- 0:43Speaker 1: thing that holds a lot of hunter's back is committing
- 0:46Speaker 1: to just one property, or committing to just a couple
- 0:49Speaker 1: of stand sites on a certain property, than riding out
- 0:52Speaker 1: their season with those limited options. If you're in, like
- 0:55Speaker 1: I don't know, Southern Iowa and heavily managed ground, that
- 0:58Speaker 1: might be all you need. For most of us, it's
- 1:00Speaker 1: just not it's going to fall short. The work we
- 1:03Speaker 1: do in the late summer and how we really fine
- 1:05Speaker 1: tune our ambush sites matters so much because it gives
- 1:09Speaker 1: us options. And that's the topic of this week's show.
- 1:24Speaker 1: While it might be ridiculously hot out in the midday
- 1:27Speaker 1: right now there is just a little hint of some
- 1:30Speaker 1: cooler weather at first and last light. If that doesn't
- 1:33Speaker 1: give you the warm and fuzzies as a deer hunter,
- 1:35Speaker 1: you might want to check your pulse. We're getting closer
- 1:37Speaker 1: by the day as the last weeks of summer given
- 1:40Speaker 1: to fall, and now is the time to get really
- 1:43Speaker 1: serious about your ambush options. We're talking tree stands, ground blinds,
- 1:47Speaker 1: and just potential spots that you might hunt public land,
- 1:51Speaker 1: private land, you name it. Now is the time to
- 1:54Speaker 1: figure out where you're likely to sit throughout the season
- 1:56Speaker 1: and get those spots as well, set up and prepped
- 1:59Speaker 1: as poss sable. This is obviously going to look different
- 2:02Speaker 1: for folks who have access to private ground versus the
- 2:05Speaker 1: run and gun public crowd, but I'm going to cover
- 2:08Speaker 1: both approaches because there is some overlap in both and
- 2:11Speaker 1: it's useful to know how to approach both styles because
- 2:14Speaker 1: you never know when you'll get permission in a new
- 2:16Speaker 1: spot or find yourself out of an old stand by
- 2:19Speaker 1: parcel and suddenly stuck hunting public land. The best way
- 2:22Speaker 1: to do this is to think through the entirety of
- 2:25Speaker 1: your season, at least up until I don't know maybe
- 2:27Speaker 1: the rut is over. If you have to reset for
- 2:31Speaker 1: some later season hunting, there's plenty of time for that.
- 2:33Speaker 1: But for now, I look at the season and phases
- 2:36Speaker 1: and try to evaluate whether I've got enough options to
- 2:39Speaker 1: get me through most days, knowing that whenever I need
- 2:41Speaker 1: to go mobile, I can easily fill in those gaps.
- 2:45Speaker 1: So let's start with stand basics in the early season.
- 2:49Speaker 1: Anyone who spends a lot of time on public ground
- 2:52Speaker 1: either knows how amazing it would be to go into
- 2:54Speaker 1: a private spot with a truck full of stands and
- 2:56Speaker 1: a limbsa in August, or can envision it. It's a
- 2:59Speaker 1: different world old Even if you only set up a
- 3:01Speaker 1: few stands, they offer a vastly different experience than walking
- 3:05Speaker 1: into public dirt hanging and hunting. For starters, one of
- 3:09Speaker 1: the biggest differences. You can trim access routes and shooting
- 3:12Speaker 1: lanes on private land. That's no small thing, and it's
- 3:15Speaker 1: a huge part of making a spot really hum As
- 3:18Speaker 1: mostly a public land hunter myself, I'd say my biggest
- 3:22Speaker 1: pet peeve with just being a public land hunter is
- 3:26Speaker 1: usually not having the ability to trim anything. I don't
- 3:30Speaker 1: know how many trees I've walked up to to only
- 3:33Speaker 1: realize that there's no way I would be able to
- 3:35Speaker 1: shoot anything if it walked by, or how many times
- 3:37Speaker 1: I've climbed up seventeen ft and realize I got no
- 3:40Speaker 1: options to work around the limbs that didn't look so
- 3:42Speaker 1: intrusive from ground level, or have no shooting windows out there.
- 3:46Speaker 1: It's frustrating, but it's part of the public land game. Now.
- 3:49Speaker 1: If you've got private ground, probably don't need to worry
- 3:52Speaker 1: about that stuff. You can get out there and look
- 3:55Speaker 1: at the spots you've chosen for early season hunts. Look
- 3:57Speaker 1: at the gimme stuff here, because on the field that
- 4:01Speaker 1: stands they're fun. That stand on the beachs you go
- 4:03Speaker 1: to opening night, get that sucker up now, make sure
- 4:07Speaker 1: you have the shooting lanes you need and that you
- 4:09Speaker 1: have some cover to hide in, because you might not
- 4:12Speaker 1: only sit that stand on September seventeen, but swing back
- 4:15Speaker 1: around on October five, and then Halloween and then maybe
- 4:18Speaker 1: for a rut hunt on November three. The likelihood of
- 4:22Speaker 1: getting busted with those sits increases with the passage of
- 4:25Speaker 1: time throughout the fall, both because of the leaves falling,
- 4:29Speaker 1: of course, and the woods getting more open, but also
- 4:32Speaker 1: because the deer get wiser to your setups, especially when
- 4:34Speaker 1: you sit them over and over again, and it's something
- 4:37Speaker 1: worth considering now to mitigate the odds of watching dose
- 4:40Speaker 1: that are wise to your presence, turn inside out and
- 4:43Speaker 1: take off and clear the field before the bucks even
- 4:45Speaker 1: get there. These stands are fun because you know you'll
- 4:50Speaker 1: see deer during the first couple of sits, and they're
- 4:53Speaker 1: easy to get to. But this is guilty pleasure stuff
- 4:56Speaker 1: and has the tendency to die pretty quickly if you're
- 4:59Speaker 1: not the only one going after the deer on the property,
- 5:02Speaker 1: or even if you are, if you over hunt a
- 5:04Speaker 1: spot now, even with an easy field edge set up,
- 5:08Speaker 1: whether you're putting up a ladder, standard install a hang on.
- 5:12Speaker 1: One thing that's really beneficial is if you can talk
- 5:14Speaker 1: somebody into giving you a hand. Having a partner here
- 5:17Speaker 1: is extremely beneficial. Obviously it should cut the physical work
- 5:21Speaker 1: and half for you, but just as importantly, you've got
- 5:24Speaker 1: someone to be your eyes on the ground as you
- 5:27Speaker 1: find tune your stand sites. While you're up there at
- 5:29Speaker 1: stand level getting everything set up, your hunting partner can
- 5:33Speaker 1: walk around the stand on trails and out in the
- 5:35Speaker 1: field and let you know where your shots are likely
- 5:37Speaker 1: to occur and what you should trim. Plus, they can
- 5:41Speaker 1: trim from the ground level while you're up in the tree.
- 5:44Speaker 1: This allows you to really carve out some quality shooting lanes.
- 5:48Speaker 1: The person on the ground is also the judge of
- 5:50Speaker 1: how much should be trimmed, because he's looking up from
- 5:53Speaker 1: a deer's eye view while walking three sixty degrees around
- 5:57Speaker 1: the stand. He can see what you'll look like up
- 5:59Speaker 1: there and how likely you are to get busted at
- 6:01Speaker 1: different points of the season. Be on the ground trimmer
- 6:05Speaker 1: should also consider what it looks like right now, but
- 6:08Speaker 1: also figure out what it's really going to look like
- 6:11Speaker 1: in a month or two or three. It's easy when
- 6:14Speaker 1: you're up in a tree to want to trim a lot,
- 6:16Speaker 1: but taking out too much cover is generally a bad idea.
- 6:19Speaker 1: This is one of the reasons why starting with a
- 6:22Speaker 1: multi trunk or a multi limbed at stand height tree
- 6:26Speaker 1: is a good idea. If you've got the option, leaves
- 6:28Speaker 1: will fall, but the limbs probably won't, which means you'll
- 6:31Speaker 1: have some cover throughout the season. Red Oaks are another
- 6:35Speaker 1: great option for this, just for how long they'll hold
- 6:37Speaker 1: their leaves same thing with pine trees. One thing that
- 6:42Speaker 1: you'll face with this part of the process is just
- 6:45Speaker 1: how much should you trim? In my experience, it's real
- 6:49Speaker 1: easy to go overboard and cut too much. We think
- 6:52Speaker 1: we need six ft wide shooting lanes, when in reality
- 6:55Speaker 1: we could probably get away with like basketball sized holes
- 6:57Speaker 1: in the brush, maybe a little bigger than that, but
- 7:00Speaker 1: not to the point where we could drive a full
- 7:01Speaker 1: size pick up through them. While this is up to
- 7:04Speaker 1: personal preference, I try to air on the side of
- 7:06Speaker 1: caution when it comes to creating shooting lanes because the
- 7:09Speaker 1: deer I'm going to shoot are going to be close
- 7:13Speaker 1: and shouldn't be too hard to hit. Shouldn't be I
- 7:16Speaker 1: realized that's not always the case, but rarely is it
- 7:20Speaker 1: due to the size of the shooting lane when compared
- 7:22Speaker 1: to the degree to which our brains melt. When a
- 7:24Speaker 1: buck walks in during this cutting and trimming phase, some
- 7:29Speaker 1: folks get real wiggy about the limbs and brush that
- 7:31Speaker 1: they've cut. I don't. I don't carry them out or
- 7:35Speaker 1: stack them up, or I don't even worry about them. Really,
- 7:37Speaker 1: if a buck walks in after you and a buddy
- 7:39Speaker 1: set a stand, he's gonna know you were there. You
- 7:42Speaker 1: can't hide it, and honestly, I don't think it bothers
- 7:44Speaker 1: them that much, especially by the time the sun has
- 7:47Speaker 1: risen and said a few times after your intrusion, and
- 7:50Speaker 1: while you're cutting away and fine tuning field at stand sites,
- 7:54Speaker 1: it's also worth considering at this point whether your stand
- 7:56Speaker 1: should face the field or not. In my world, the
- 7:59Speaker 1: ants that is almost always point that s ob away
- 8:03Speaker 1: from the open stuff. Most hunters face their stands right
- 8:06Speaker 1: at the deer, but pressure deer will pick you off
- 8:09Speaker 1: more easily when you do that simple It goes against
- 8:12Speaker 1: our nature, but set your stands almost directly away from
- 8:15Speaker 1: where you feel the deer will be. Instead of facing
- 8:19Speaker 1: eighty degrees straight away, shave maybe like degrees off your
- 8:25Speaker 1: angle off to the bow arm side to give yourself
- 8:28Speaker 1: a solid opportunity to shoot around the trunk of the tree.
- 8:32Speaker 1: This is one of the reasons saddles have gotten so popular,
- 8:35Speaker 1: because they allow you to easily hide yourself from approaching
- 8:38Speaker 1: deer and then shoot them as they go past. That's
- 8:40Speaker 1: not nothing, my friends, when you're dealing with pressure bucks
- 8:44Speaker 1: and speaking of saddle hunters, while private land hunters are
- 8:47Speaker 1: sawing and pruning away on their gimme setups over destination
- 8:50Speaker 1: food sources. What are all these public land hunters to do?
- 8:54Speaker 1: In some states you can hang and leave stands on
- 8:57Speaker 1: public land, but an awful lot of them you can't,
- 9:00Speaker 1: especially before the actual season is open. I tend to
- 9:03Speaker 1: look at field edge stand sites or climbing stand or
- 9:06Speaker 1: saddle tree sites on public as one and done options.
- 9:10Speaker 1: I'll make note of them, and if there is something worthwhile,
- 9:13Speaker 1: try to get in right away or when the conditions
- 9:15Speaker 1: absolutely favorite lots of deer movement. There often isn't much
- 9:18Speaker 1: you can do with this scenario except scout out good
- 9:21Speaker 1: trees and make a plan for how you get in
- 9:23Speaker 1: and get out. To really stay in the action on
- 9:26Speaker 1: public land, it's best to think about the next layer
- 9:29Speaker 1: back from the food. This is also a good strategy
- 9:32Speaker 1: for private land hunters who know they'll put pressure on
- 9:35Speaker 1: the field edges and other obvious food sources because the
- 9:38Speaker 1: bucks they are hunting, just like the public land dear
- 9:41Speaker 1: will back up into the cover and reduce their movement
- 9:43Speaker 1: in the open easy to hunt stuff. If you have
- 9:46Speaker 1: the option, have that next layer covered with a stand
- 9:50Speaker 1: or a couple of saddle trees that are marked. I
- 9:53Speaker 1: can't stress this enough, and I'm sure you're going to
- 9:56Speaker 1: get sick of hearing about it. But even though those
- 9:59Speaker 1: field edges exist a bit of major gravity on us.
- 10:02Speaker 1: To be successful, we've got to anticipate where the deer
- 10:05Speaker 1: going to go next. Generally, this means the next layer
- 10:08Speaker 1: back in the cover off of the easy to reach
- 10:11Speaker 1: field edges, power lines, and clearings. There have been GPS
- 10:14Speaker 1: studies on hunters on public land in the past that
- 10:17Speaker 1: showed most of your competition is going to hit a
- 10:19Speaker 1: wall at about one third of a mile from the
- 10:22Speaker 1: easy access. Research has also shown that turkeys can figure
- 10:25Speaker 1: that out, which means a three or four year old
- 10:27Speaker 1: buck on public land is going to be pretty keyed
- 10:30Speaker 1: into where the hunting pressure is going to go. In
- 10:32Speaker 1: addition to just distance from access, the pressure on both
- 10:36Speaker 1: private and public land is often concentrated around the easiest,
- 10:40Speaker 1: most obvious places to hunt. If a two track leads
- 10:43Speaker 1: to a food plot, so will go the hunters. The
- 10:46Speaker 1: next layer in matters, and that's where you should hang
- 10:49Speaker 1: your stands or scout out stand sites for the reality
- 10:51Speaker 1: that opening week might not pan out with an easy kill.
- 10:55Speaker 1: This is something I learned totally by accident growing up
- 10:57Speaker 1: in Minnesota. Because we can't bow hunt the rut without
- 11:01Speaker 1: sharing the woods with half a million gun hunters. I
- 11:04Speaker 1: dedicated my entire season as a young man to killing
- 11:07Speaker 1: deer in September and October. I also only had one
- 11:10Speaker 1: stand for a good portion of my early career, so
- 11:13Speaker 1: in some ways I was actually ahead of this mobile
- 11:15Speaker 1: hunting curve by a lot. I'd carry that heavy steel
- 11:18Speaker 1: chain on stand in hanging somewhere interesting, and then promptly
- 11:22Speaker 1: burned the spot out. Then I'd move on and repeat
- 11:25Speaker 1: the process. I also learned pretty early on while bow
- 11:28Speaker 1: hunting a hunter filled dairy farm, that while we were
- 11:31Speaker 1: jockeying for position on the field edges, the bucks, even
- 11:34Speaker 1: the scrappers I was trying so hard to kill, would
- 11:36Speaker 1: hang back in the woods until last light or after.
- 11:40Speaker 1: Sometimes they'd be just I don't know, hundred yards off
- 11:42Speaker 1: the field, sometimes more. But what was obvious to me,
- 11:45Speaker 1: even as an idiot teenager, was that I was mostly
- 11:48Speaker 1: out of luck on field edges by the second week
- 11:51Speaker 1: of the season. Had to move back to those staging areas.
- 11:54Speaker 1: Give yourself a chance to react to the pressure the
- 11:57Speaker 1: way the deer will by setting up some secondary stands
- 12:00Speaker 1: in the cover or knowing where you'll drop back to
- 12:03Speaker 1: when that pressure hits on public land. You've already scouted
- 12:06Speaker 1: these spots, you know where some of the deer activity
- 12:08Speaker 1: is concentrated. And really it's not that much more work physically. Mentally,
- 12:13Speaker 1: it's a little bit tougher. After all, you just set
- 12:17Speaker 1: yourself up to kill a buck on a destination food source.
- 12:19Speaker 1: Why would you have better luck moving into the woods
- 12:22Speaker 1: to kill the same deer that are going to that food.
- 12:25Speaker 1: Because you need to be where the deer want to
- 12:26Speaker 1: be at all points of the season. This means that
- 12:29Speaker 1: you can pretty much break down your setups and ambush
- 12:31Speaker 1: sites to the food, to the staging spots when the
- 12:34Speaker 1: pressure gets to them, and then the rutt honey hooles
- 12:37Speaker 1: that are almost always built around pinch points and funnels.
- 12:41Speaker 1: There's three layers there that you've got to pay attention to.
- 12:44Speaker 1: Throwing up stands right now in these spots. Even if
- 12:48Speaker 1: you only give yourself one option for each layer, gives
- 12:51Speaker 1: you something to work with throughout each phase of the
- 12:53Speaker 1: bow season. You'll still want to keep that saddle or
- 12:55Speaker 1: that lightweight hang on handy because the deer will toss
- 12:59Speaker 1: you a few curveballs on private land. On public land
- 13:01Speaker 1: without being mobile, you're just not very likely to be successful.
- 13:05Speaker 1: A lot of this mainframe set up work should happen now,
- 13:09Speaker 1: and as you're doing it, drop way points and take
- 13:12Speaker 1: notes on wind direction. Nothing kills a stand quicker than
- 13:16Speaker 1: hunting it with a questionable or just playing wrong wind nothing.
- 13:20Speaker 1: This goes back to the options thing. If you only
- 13:22Speaker 1: have a couple of options, you might default to hunting
- 13:25Speaker 1: them even when the conditions aren't that great because you're
- 13:28Speaker 1: gonna talk yourself into it because you want to go hunting.
- 13:30Speaker 1: Be careful with that. This is also why I prefer
- 13:33Speaker 1: to dive in a little deeper into the cover to
- 13:36Speaker 1: take advantage of deer that are getting wise to the
- 13:38Speaker 1: dangers around the easy stuff. Oftentimes, when pressure deer do
- 13:42Speaker 1: enter a field, they're going to do it in a
- 13:44Speaker 1: way where the wind really favors their direction of travel.
- 13:48Speaker 1: This can be tough to play if you're dead set
- 13:50Speaker 1: on being in the field edge back in the woods.
- 13:53Speaker 1: You might be able to key in on a well
- 13:54Speaker 1: used trail or a season long funnel that will allow
- 13:57Speaker 1: you a better chance to take advantage of how they're
- 13:59Speaker 1: chill was in travel route doesn't always perfectly give them
- 14:02Speaker 1: the chance to play the win. Now, while you're getting
- 14:06Speaker 1: your work done this week, you might be thinking, Okay,
- 14:09Speaker 1: I've got these stands up, or I've got five different
- 14:12Speaker 1: trees picked out for saddle honting. That's good stuff, but
- 14:15Speaker 1: can be limiting if you're always thinking about ambush sites
- 14:18Speaker 1: solely from an aerial perspective. Do you have any reason
- 14:21Speaker 1: to brush in a hubstyle ground blind somewhere, maybe on
- 14:24Speaker 1: an overgrown fence row or along a cattail slew if
- 14:27Speaker 1: you do do it now? And when I say brush
- 14:30Speaker 1: it in, I don't mean cut three pencil thin pine
- 14:33Speaker 1: boughs and lay them on top. I mean brush that
- 14:36Speaker 1: son of a bit in deer over time will get
- 14:41Speaker 1: real used to a ground blind pretty much anywhere. But
- 14:44Speaker 1: why take the risk of having something so out of
- 14:46Speaker 1: place in their home? Brush it in well, give it depth,
- 14:50Speaker 1: give yourself a chance to really hide in the shadows.
- 14:53Speaker 1: As I've started taking my little girls out with me,
- 14:56Speaker 1: I much prefer tree stands in the view they offer,
- 14:59Speaker 1: But for getting away with sitting with fidgety hunting partners,
- 15:02Speaker 1: ground blinds are money. They're also awesome to shoot from.
- 15:05Speaker 1: When you're at the deer's level, you don't have to
- 15:07Speaker 1: think about your up and down angle. It simplifies the
- 15:10Speaker 1: whole shot process and gives a nice look at their
- 15:13Speaker 1: vitals in a way that you usually don't fully get
- 15:16Speaker 1: from stands or saddles. And if you do decide to
- 15:19Speaker 1: put a ground blind out, now do a couple of
- 15:22Speaker 1: things besides brushing it in really well. Stake it down
- 15:25Speaker 1: like a tornado could come through at any day. Better yet,
- 15:28Speaker 1: stake it down and then tie it down. Then prop
- 15:31Speaker 1: up the top hub, either with just a stick that
- 15:33Speaker 1: you cut at the right height or a store bought
- 15:35Speaker 1: telescoping blind accessory that allows you to keep the blind
- 15:38Speaker 1: standing up and not cave in from rain or wind.
- 15:42Speaker 1: Trust me on this, you'll thank me later if you
- 15:44Speaker 1: do this right. But what if you don't have a blind,
- 15:47Speaker 1: can't stand sitting them or hunting public dirt where you
- 15:50Speaker 1: just can't leave a blind out. You can also either
- 15:54Speaker 1: build natural blinds now or mark spots where a natural
- 15:57Speaker 1: blind is a possibility and private ground own I don't
- 16:00Speaker 1: sit natural blinds much because I can usually set up
- 16:03Speaker 1: stands and hubstyle blinds. Beforehand on public land, I set
- 16:06Speaker 1: them a lot, both to observe and often to kill.
- 16:11Speaker 1: In fact, I probably average one public land buck of
- 16:13Speaker 1: season while tucked into a dead fall or some other groundcover,
- 16:17Speaker 1: and have killed some of my biggest bucks that way.
- 16:20Speaker 1: This is due to a couple of reasons. The first
- 16:23Speaker 1: is that if you take a trip to public land
- 16:24Speaker 1: somewhere and you find a good spot, you've only got
- 16:26Speaker 1: a couple of days to hunt there, regardless of wind
- 16:29Speaker 1: direction or suitable stand trees. Pure necessity dictates that you
- 16:33Speaker 1: might just need to hole up in a dead fall
- 16:34Speaker 1: across your fingers. The second is that the deer often
- 16:37Speaker 1: live and cover that just doesn't have a lot of
- 16:40Speaker 1: suitable trees. I actually think in heavily hunted areas they
- 16:43Speaker 1: gravitate towards these types of brushy, grassy spots because of
- 16:47Speaker 1: the fact that they are harder to hunt there. To
- 16:49Speaker 1: take this a step further, which might be total b s,
- 16:52Speaker 1: but I'm going to say it anyway, there's often a
- 16:54Speaker 1: real surprise factor to a natural blind hunt. You can
- 16:57Speaker 1: get a first hunt in a place they just don't
- 16:59Speaker 1: see to expect people. Even better, these blinds are free
- 17:03Speaker 1: and they give you options, which is really important. As
- 17:06Speaker 1: I've mentioned seventy three times so far. It's also going
- 17:09Speaker 1: to be the topic of next week's episode, or at
- 17:12Speaker 1: least play into it pretty heavily. So get out there now.
- 17:15Speaker 1: Head into your go to spots and get your stands
- 17:18Speaker 1: and blind set up if you can, if you can't,
- 17:21Speaker 1: take a walk through and make note of not only
- 17:23Speaker 1: where exactly the trees are that you'll climb up in,
- 17:26Speaker 1: but how you'll get to them and out of them.
- 17:29Speaker 1: Familiarize yourself with the process so that when you do
- 17:32Speaker 1: saddle up there won't be any hiccups when it's go time.
- 17:35Speaker 1: Get the work done now, not in the last few
- 17:38Speaker 1: days before the season opens up, but now there's still
- 17:41Speaker 1: time to make a big impact and given spot and
- 17:44Speaker 1: get out so that things can return to normal even
- 17:46Speaker 1: if you haunt to State with an early opener. That's
- 17:51Speaker 1: it for this show, my fellow dear junkies, be sure
- 17:53Speaker 1: to tune in next week so you can keep your
- 17:55Speaker 1: white tail game moving in the right direction. I'm Tony
- 17:58Speaker 1: Peterson and this has been a Wired to Hunt Foundations podcast.
- 18:02Speaker 1: As always, thank you so much for listening, and we
- 18:05Speaker 1: will see you right here next week m m m
- 18:13Speaker 1: hm