ST222b: Systematic Theology — The Atonement of Christ — Biblical Foundations, Historical Models, and Penal Substitution

Foundations for the Christian Life · Aug 18, 2026 · 53m

This academic synthesis examines the Atonement of Christ by positioning Penal Substitutionary Atonement (PSA) as the essential judicial engine that integrates all other redemptive models. Through a rigorous analysis of Hebrew and Greek terminology, the text demonstrates how Christ’s death satisfies divine justice by legally assuming the guilt and punishment of humanity. Key exegetical sections explore the substitutionary servant of Isaiah 53, the propitiatory sacrifice in Romans 3, and the cancellation of legal debt in Colossians 2. By grounding cosmic victory and moral transformation in this…