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Dream Psychology - Sigmund Freud · Classic Non-Fiction Library

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  Speaker 1: Dream Psychology by Sigmund Freud, translated by M. D Ada introduction.
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  Speaker 1: The medical profession is justly conservative. Human life should not
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  Speaker 1: be considered as the proper material for wild experiments. Conservatism, however,
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  Speaker 1: is too often a welcome excuse for lazy minds loathe
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  Speaker 1: to adapt themselves to fast changing conditions. Remember the scornful
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  Speaker 1: reception which first was accorded to Freud's discoveries in the
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  Speaker 1: domain of the unconscious. When, after years of patient observations,
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  Speaker 1: he finally decided to appear before medical bodies to tell
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  Speaker 1: them modestly of some facts which always recurred in his
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  Speaker 1: dream and his patient's dreams, he was first laughed at
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  Speaker 1: and then avoided as a crank. The words dream interpretation were,
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  Speaker 1: and still are, indeed fraught with unpleasant, unscientific associations. They
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  Speaker 1: remind one of all sorts of childish, superstitious notions which
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  Speaker 1: make up the thread and woof of dream books read
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  Speaker 1: by none but the ignorant and the primitive, The wealth
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  Speaker 1: of detail, the infinite care never to let anything pass unexplained,
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  Speaker 1: with which he presented to the public. The result of
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  Speaker 1: his investigations are impressing more and more serious minded scientists,
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  Speaker 1: but the examination of his evidential data demands arduous work
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  Speaker 1: and presupposes an absolutely open mind. This is why we
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  Speaker 1: still encounter men totally unfamiliar with freud writings, men who
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  Speaker 1: were not even interested enough in the subject to attempt
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  Speaker 1: an interpretation of their dreams or their patient's dreams, deriding
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  Speaker 1: Freud's theories and combating them with the help of statements
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  Speaker 1: which he never made. Some of them, like Professor Boris Sidis,
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  Speaker 1: reach at times conclusions which are strangely similar to Freud's,
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  Speaker 1: but in their ignorance of psychoanalytic literature, they fail to
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  Speaker 1: credit Freud for observations and to edating theirs. Besides those
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  Speaker 1: who sneer at dream study because they have never looked
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  Speaker 1: into the subject, there are those who do not dare
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  Speaker 1: to face the facts revealed by dream study. Dreams tell
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  Speaker 1: us many an unpleasant biological truth about ourselves, and only
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  Speaker 1: very free minds can thrive on such a diet. Self
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  Speaker 1: deception is a plant which withers fast in the pellucid
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  Speaker 1: atmosphere of dream investigation. The weakling and the neurotic attached
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  Speaker 1: to his neurosis are not anxious to turn such a
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  Speaker 1: powerful searchlight upon the dark corners of their psychology. Freud's
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  Speaker 1: theories are anything but theoretical. He was moved by the
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  Speaker 1: fact that there always seemed to be a close connection
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  Speaker 1: between his patient's dreams and their mental abnormalities. To collect
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  Speaker 1: thousands of dreams and to compare them with the case
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  Speaker 1: histories in his possession. He did not start out with
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  Speaker 1: a preconceived bias, hoping to find evidence which might support
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  Speaker 1: his views. He looked at facts a thousand times until
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  Speaker 1: they began to tell him something. His attitude towards dream
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  Speaker 1: study was, in other words, that of a statistician who
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  Speaker 1: does not know and has no means of foreseeing what
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  Speaker 1: conclusions will be forced on him by the information he
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  Speaker 1: is gathering, but who is fully prepared to accept those
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  Speaker 1: unavoidable conclusions. This was indeed a novel way in psychology.
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  Speaker 1: Psychologists had always been wont to build in what blu
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  Speaker 1: locals autistic ways, that is, through methods in no waysease
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  Speaker 1: supported by evidence, some attractive hypothesis which sprung from their
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  Speaker 1: brain like Minerva from Jove's brain, fully armed, after which
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  Speaker 1: they would stretch upon that unyielding frame the hide of
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  Speaker 1: a reality which they had previously killed. It is only
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  Speaker 1: to minds suffering from the same distortions to minds also
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  Speaker 1: autistically inclined that those empty artificial structures appear acceptable molds
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  Speaker 1: for philosophic thinking. The pragmatic view that truth is what
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  Speaker 1: works had not been as yet expressed when Freud published
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  Speaker 1: his revolutionary Views on the Psychology of dreams. Five facts
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  Speaker 1: of first magnitude were made obvious to the world by
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  Speaker 1: his interpretation of dreams. First of all, Freud pointed out
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  Speaker 1: a constant connection between some part of every dream and
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  Speaker 1: some detail of the dreammer's life during the previous waking state.
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  Speaker 1: This positively establishes a relation between sleeping states and waking states,
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  Speaker 1: and disposes of the widely prevalent view that dreams are
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  Speaker 1: purely nonsensical phenomena coming from nowhere and leading nowhere. Secondly, Freud,
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  Speaker 1: after studying the dreamer's life and modes of thought, after
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  Speaker 1: noting down all his mannerisms and the apparently insignificant details
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  Speaker 1: of his conduct which reveal his secret thoughts, came to
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  Speaker 1: the conclusion that there was in every dream the attempted
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  Speaker 1: or successful gratification of some wish, conscious or unconscious. Thirdly,
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  Speaker 1: he proved that many of our dream visions are symbolical,
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  Speaker 1: which causes us to consider them as absurd and unintelligible.
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  Speaker 1: The universality of those symbols, however, makes them very transparent
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  Speaker 1: to the trained observer. Fourthly, Freud showed that sexual desires
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  Speaker 1: play an enormous part in our unconscious, a part which
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  Speaker 1: puritanical hypocrisy has always tried to minimize, if not to
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  Speaker 1: ignore entirely. Finally, Freud established a direct connection between dreams
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  Speaker 1: and insanity, between the symbolic visions of our sleep and
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  Speaker 1: the symbolic actions of the mentally deranged. There were, of course,
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  Speaker 1: many other observations which Freud made while dissecting the dreams
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  Speaker 1: of his patients, but not all of them present as
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  Speaker 1: much interest as the foregoing, nor were they as revolutionary
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  Speaker 1: or likely to wield as much influence on modern psychiatry.
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  Speaker 1: Other explorers have struck the path blazed by Freud and
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  Speaker 1: leading into man's unconscious. Jung of Zurich, Adler of Vienna,
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  Speaker 1: and Kemp of Washington, d c. Have made to the
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  Speaker 1: study of the unconscious, contributions which have brought that study
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  Speaker 1: into fields which Freud himself never dreamt of. Invading one
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  Speaker 1: fact which cannot be too emphatically stated, however, is that
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  Speaker 1: but for Freud's wish fulfillment theory of dreams, neither Jung's
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  Speaker 1: energic theory, nor Adler's theory of organ inferiority and compensation,
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  Speaker 1: nor Kemp's dynamic mechanism might have been formulated. Freud is
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  Speaker 1: the father of modern abnormal psychology, and he established the
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  Speaker 1: psychoanalytical point of view. No one who is not well
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  Speaker 1: grounded in Freudian law can hope to achieve any work
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  Speaker 1: of value in the field of psychoanalysis. On the other hand,
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  Speaker 1: let no one repeat the absurd assertion that Freudism is
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  Speaker 1: a sort of religion bounded with dogmas and requiring an
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  Speaker 1: act of faith. Freudism as such was merely a stage
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  Speaker 1: in the development of psychoanalysis, a stage out of which
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  Speaker 1: all but a few bigoted camp followers totally lacking in originality,
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  Speaker 1: have evolved. Thousands of stones have been added to the
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  Speaker 1: structure erected by the Viennese physician, and many more will
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  Speaker 1: be added in the course of time. But the new
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  Speaker 1: additions to that structure would collapse like a house of
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  Speaker 1: cards but for the original foundations which are as indestructible
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  Speaker 1: as Harvey's statement as to the circulation of blood. Regardless
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  Speaker 1: of whether additions or changes have been made to the
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  Speaker 1: original structure, the analytic point of view remains unchanged. That
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  Speaker 1: point of view is not only revolutionizing all the methods
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  Speaker 1: of diagnosis and treatment of mental derangements, but compelling the intelligent,
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  Speaker 1: up to date physician to revise entirely his attitude to
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  Speaker 1: almost every kind of disease. The insane are no longer
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  Speaker 1: absurd and pitiable people to be herded in asylums. Either
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  Speaker 1: cures them or relieves them through death of their misery.
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  Speaker 1: The insane, who have not been made so by actual
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  Speaker 1: injury to their brain or nervous system, are the victims
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  Speaker 1: of unconscious forces which cause them to do abnormally things
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  Speaker 1: which they might be helped to do normally. Insight into
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  Speaker 1: one psychology is replacing victoriously sedatives and rest cures. Physicians
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  Speaker 1: dealing with purely physical cases have begun to take into
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  Speaker 1: serious consideration the mental factors which have predisposed a patient
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  Speaker 1: to certain ailments. Freud's views have also made a revision
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  Speaker 1: of all ethical and social values unavoidable, and have thrown
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  Speaker 1: an unexpected flood of light upon literary and artistic accomplishment.
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  Speaker 1: But the Freudian point of view, or more broadly speaking,
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  Speaker 1: the psychoanalytic point of view, shall ever remain a puzzle
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  Speaker 1: to those who, from lake easin us or indifference, refused
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  Speaker 1: to survey with the great Viennese the field over which
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  Speaker 1: he carefully groped his way. We shall never be convinced
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  Speaker 1: until we repeat, under his guidance all his laboratory experiments.
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  Speaker 1: We must follow him through the thickets of the unconscious,
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  Speaker 1: through the land which had never been charted, because academic philosophers,
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  Speaker 1: following the line of least effort, had decided a priori
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  Speaker 1: that it could not be charted. Ancient geographers, when exhausting
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  Speaker 1: their store of information about distant lands, yielded to an
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  Speaker 1: unscientific craving for romance, and without any evidence to support
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  Speaker 1: their day dreams, filled the blank spaces left on their
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  Speaker 1: maps by unexplored tracts with amusing inserts such as here
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  Speaker 1: there are lions. Thanks to Freud's interpretation of dreams, the
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  Speaker 1: royal road into the unconscious is an open to all explorers.
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  Speaker 1: They shall not find lions, They shall find man himself
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  Speaker 1: and the record of all his life and of his
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  Speaker 1: struggle with reality. And it is only after seeing man
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  Speaker 1: as his unconscious, revealed by dreams, presents him to us,
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  Speaker 1: that we shall understand him fully. For as Freud said
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  Speaker 1: to Putnam, we are what we are because we have
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  Speaker 1: been what we have been. Not a few serious minded students, however,
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  Speaker 1: have been discouraged from attempting a study of Freud's dream psychology.
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  Speaker 1: The book in which he originally offered to the world
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  Speaker 1: his interpretation of dreams was as circumstantial as a legal record,
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  Speaker 1: to be pondered over by scientists at their leisure, not
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  Speaker 1: to be assimilated in a few hours by the average
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  Speaker 1: alert reader. In those days, Freud could not leave out
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  Speaker 1: any detail likely to make his extremely novel thesis evidentially
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  Speaker 1: accepts to those willing to sift data. Freud himself, however,
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  Speaker 1: realize the magnitude of the task which the reading of
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  Speaker 1: his magnum opus imposed upon those who have not been
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  Speaker 1: prepared for it by long psychological and scientific training, and
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  Speaker 1: he abstracted from that gigantic work the parts which constitute
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  Speaker 1: the essential of his discoveries. The publishers of the present
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  Speaker 1: work deserve credit for presenting to the reading public the
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  Speaker 1: gist of Freud's psychology in the master's own words, and
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  Speaker 1: in a form which shall neither discourage beginners nor appear
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  Speaker 1: too elementary to those who are more advanced in psychoanalytic study.
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  Speaker 1: Dream Psychology is the key to Freud's works and to
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  Speaker 1: all modern psychology. With a simple, compact manual such as
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  Speaker 1: dream Psychology, there shall be no longer any excuse for
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  Speaker 1: ignorance of the most revolutionary psychological system of modern times.
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  Speaker 1: Andre Tredon, one hundred and twenty one, Madison Avenue, New York,
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  Speaker 1: November nineteen twenty end of the introduction.
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  Speaker 2: Dream Psychology Psychoanalysis for Beginners by Professor Doctor Sigmund Freud,
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  Speaker 2: Authorized English translation by M. D. Eater One. Dreams have
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  Speaker 2: a meaning. In what we might term pre scientific days,
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  Speaker 2: people were in no uncertainty about the interpretation of dreams.
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  Speaker 2: When they were recalled after awakening, they were regarded as
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  Speaker 2: either the friendly or hostile manifestation of some higher powers,
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  Speaker 2: demoniacal and divine. With the rise of scientific thought, the
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  Speaker 2: whole of this express of mythology was transferred to psychology. Today,
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  Speaker 2: there was but a small minority among educated persons who
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  Speaker 2: doubt that the dream is the dreamer's own psychical act.
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  Speaker 2: But since the downfall of the mythological hypothesis, an interpretation
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  Speaker 2: of the dream has been wanting the conditions of its origin,
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  Speaker 2: its relationship to our psychical life when we are awake,
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  Speaker 2: Its independence of disturbances which during the state of sleep
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  Speaker 2: seem to compel notice, its many peculiarities repugnant to our
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  Speaker 2: awaking thought, the incongruence between its images and the feelings
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  Speaker 2: they engender. Then the dreams have, in essence the way
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  Speaker 2: in which, on awakening, our thoughts thrust it aside as
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  Speaker 2: something bizarre, and our reminiscences mutilating or rejecting it. All
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  Speaker 2: these and many other problems have for many hundred years
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  Speaker 2: demanded answers which up till now could never have been satisfactory.
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  Speaker 2: Before all, there is the question as to the meaning
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  Speaker 2: of the dream, a question which in itself is double sided.
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  Speaker 2: There is firstly the psychical significant of the dream, its
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  Speaker 2: position with regard to the psychical processes as to a
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  Speaker 2: possible biologic function. Secondly, as the dream of meaning can
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  Speaker 2: since be made of each single dream, as of other
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  Speaker 2: mental syntheses, three tendencies can be observed in the estimation
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  Speaker 2: of dreams. Many philosophers have given currency to one of
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  Speaker 2: these tendencies, one which at the same time preserves something
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  Speaker 2: of the dream's former overvaluation. The foundation of dream life
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  Speaker 2: is for them a peculiar state of psychical activity, which
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  Speaker 2: they even celebrate as elevation to some higher state. Schubert,
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  Speaker 2: for instance, claims the dream is the liberation of the
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  Speaker 2: spirit from the pressure of external nature, a detachment of
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  Speaker 2: the soul from the fetters of all matter. Not all
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  Speaker 2: goes so far as this, but many maintain that dreams
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  Speaker 2: have their origin in real spiritual excitas and are the
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  Speaker 2: outward manifestation of spiritual powers whose free movements have been
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  Speaker 2: hampered during the day see dream fantasies by Scherner and Vulcant.
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  Speaker 2: A large number of observers acknowledge that dream life is
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  Speaker 2: capable of extraordinary achievements at any rate in certain fields.
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  Speaker 2: The memory in striking contradistinction with this. The majority of
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  Speaker 2: medical writers hardly admit that the dream is a psychical
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  Speaker 2: phenomena at all. According to them, dreams are provoked and
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  Speaker 2: initiated exclusively by stimuli proceeding from the senses of the body,
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  Speaker 2: which either reached the sleeper from without, or are accidental
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  Speaker 2: disturbances of his internal organs. The dream has no greater
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  Speaker 2: claim to meaning in importance than the sound called forth
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  Speaker 2: by the ten fingers of a person quite unacquainted with
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  Speaker 2: music running his fingers over the keys of an instrument.
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  Speaker 2: The dream is to be regarded, says Bins, as a
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  Speaker 2: physical process, always useless. Frequently more all the peculiarities of
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  Speaker 2: dream life are explicable as the incoherent effort due to
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  Speaker 2: some physiological stimulus of certain organs or of the cortical
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  Speaker 2: elements of a brain otherwise asleep but slightly affected by
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  Speaker 2: scientific opinion and untroubled as to the origin of dreams,
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  Speaker 2: the popular view holds firmly to the belief that dreams
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  Speaker 2: really have got a meaning in some way. They do
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  Speaker 2: foretell the future, whilst the meaning can be unraveled in
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  Speaker 2: some way or other from its off bizarre and enigmatical content.
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  Speaker 2: The reading of dreams consist in replacing the events of
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  Speaker 2: the dream, so far as remembered by other events. This
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  Speaker 2: has done either seen by scene according to some rigid key,
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  Speaker 2: where the dream as a whole is replaced by something
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  Speaker 2: else of which it was a symbol. Curious minded persons
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  Speaker 2: laugh at these efforts. Dreams are but seaphoam. One day
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  Speaker 2: I discovered, to my amazement that the popular view, grounded
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  Speaker 2: in superstition, and not the medical one, comes nearer to
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  Speaker 2: the truth about dreams. I arrived at new conclusions about
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  Speaker 2: dreams by use of a new method of psychological investigation,
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  Speaker 2: one which had rendered me good service in the investigation
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  Speaker 2: of phobias, obsessions, illusions, and the like, and which, under
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  Speaker 2: the name quote psychoanalysis, had found acceptance by a whole
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  Speaker 2: school of investigators. The manifold analogies of dream life with
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  Speaker 2: the most diverse conditions of psychical disease in the waking
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  Speaker 2: state had been rightly insisted upon by a number of
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  Speaker 2: medical observers. It seemed therefore a periori hopeful to apply
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  Speaker 2: the interpretation of dream methods of investigation which have been
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  Speaker 2: tested in psychopathological processes. Obsessions and those peculiar sensations of
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  Speaker 2: haunting dread remain as strange to normal consciousness as to dreams.
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  Speaker 2: To our waking consciousness. Their origin is as unknown to
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  Speaker 2: consciousness as is that of dreams. It was practical ends
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  Speaker 2: that impelled us in these diseases to fathom their origin
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  Speaker 2: and formation. The experience had shown us that a cure
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  Speaker 2: and a consequent mastery of the obsessing ideas did result
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  Speaker 2: when once those thoughts, the connecting links between the morbid
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  Speaker 2: ideas and the rest of the psychical content were revealed, which,
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  Speaker 2: for Heterophore veiled from consciousness. The procedure I employed for
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  Speaker 2: the interpretation of dreams thus arose from psychotherapy. This procedure
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  Speaker 2: is readily described, although its practice demands instruction and experience.
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  Speaker 2: Supposed patient is suffering from intense morbid dread. He is
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  Speaker 2: requested to direct his attention to the idea in question
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  Speaker 2: without However, as he has so frequently done meditating upon it,
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  Speaker 2: every impression about it, without any exception, which occurs to him,
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  Speaker 2: should be imparted to the doctor. The statement, which will
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  Speaker 2: perhaps then made that he cannot concentrate his attention upon
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  Speaker 2: anything at all, is to be countered by assuring him
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  Speaker 2: most positively that such a blank state of mind is
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  Speaker 2: utterly impossible. As a matter of fact, a great number
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  Speaker 2: of impressions will soon occur with which others will associate themselves.
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  Speaker 2: These will be invariably accompanied by the expression of the
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  Speaker 2: observer's opinion that they have no meaning or are unimportant.
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  Speaker 2: It will be at once noticed that this is the
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  Speaker 2: self criticism which prevented the patient from imparting the ideas
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  Speaker 2: which had indeed already excluded them from consciousness. If the
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  Speaker 2: patient can be induced to abandon the self criticism and
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  Speaker 2: to pursue the trains of thought which are yielded by
• 21:08
  Speaker 2: concentrating the attention, most significant matter will be obtained, matter
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  Speaker 2: which will be presently seen to be clearly linked to
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  Speaker 2: the morbid idea in question, Its connection with other ideas
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  Speaker 2: will be manifest, and later on will permit the replacement
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  Speaker 2: of the morbid idea by a fresh one which is
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  Speaker 2: perfectly adapted to psychical continuity. This is not the place
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  Speaker 2: to examine thoroughly the hypothesis upon which this experiment rests,
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  Speaker 2: or the deductions which follow from its invariable success. It
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  Speaker 2: must suffice to state that we obtain matter enough for
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  Speaker 2: the resolution of every morbid idea if we especially direct
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  Speaker 2: our attention to the unbidden associations which disturb our thoughts,
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  Speaker 2: those which are otherwise put aside by the critic as
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  Speaker 2: worthless refuse. If the procedure is exercised on oneself. The
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  Speaker 2: best plan of helping the experiment is to write down
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  Speaker 2: at once all one's first indistinct fancies. I will now
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  Speaker 2: point out where this method leads when I apply it
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  Speaker 2: to the examination of dreams. Any dream could be made
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  Speaker 2: use of in this way from certain motives. I, however,
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  Speaker 2: choose a dream of my own which appears confused and
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  Speaker 2: meaningless to my memory, and one which has the advantage
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  Speaker 2: of brevity. Probably my dream of last night satisfies the requirements.
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  Speaker 2: Its content, fixed immediately after awakening, runs as follows. Quote
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  Speaker 2: company at table or table d'lte binich is served. Missus
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  Speaker 2: e L, sitting next to me, gives me her undivided
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  Speaker 2: attention and places her hand familiarly upon my knee. In defense,
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  Speaker 2: I remove her hand. Then she says, but you have
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  Speaker 2: always had such beautiful eyes. I then distinctly see something
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  Speaker 2: like two eyes as a sketch or as the contour
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  Speaker 2: of a spectacle lens. End quote. This is the whole dream,
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  Speaker 2: or at all events, all I can remember. It appears
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  Speaker 2: to me not only obscure and meaningless, but more especially odd.
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  Speaker 2: Missus e L is a person with whom I'm scarcely
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  Speaker 2: on visiting terms. Nor to my knowledge have I ever
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  Speaker 2: desired any more cordial relationship. I have not seen her
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  Speaker 2: for a long time, and do not think there was
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  Speaker 2: any mention of her recently. No emotion whatever accompanied the
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  Speaker 2: dream process. Reflecting upon this dream does not make it
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  Speaker 2: a bit clear in my mind. I will, now, however,
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  Speaker 2: present the ideas without premeditation and without criticism which introspected yielded.
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  Speaker 2: I soon notice that it is an advantage to break
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  Speaker 2: up the dream into its elements, and to search out
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  Speaker 2: the ideas which link themselves to each fragment company at
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  Speaker 2: table or table dot. The recollection of the slight event
• 24:13
  Speaker 2: with which the evening of yesterday ended is at once
• 24:15
  Speaker 2: called up. I left a small party in the company
• 24:19
  Speaker 2: of a friend who offered to drive me home in
• 24:21
  Speaker 2: his cab. I prefer a taxi, he said that gives
• 24:26
  Speaker 2: one such a pleasant occupation. There's always something to look at.
• 24:31
  Speaker 2: When we were in the cab and the cab driver
• 24:34
  Speaker 2: turned a disc so that the first sixty hellers were visible,
• 24:37
  Speaker 2: I continued the jest. We've hardly got in and we
• 24:41
  Speaker 2: already owe sixty hellers. The taxi always reminds me of
• 24:44
  Speaker 2: the table dot. It makes me avaricious and selfish by
• 24:48
  Speaker 2: continuously reminding me of my debt. It seems to me
• 24:52
  Speaker 2: to mount up too quickly, and I'm always afraid that
• 24:54
  Speaker 2: I shall be at a disadvantage, just as I cannot
• 24:57
  Speaker 2: resist a table ought, the comical fear that I'm I
• 25:00
  Speaker 2: think too little, that I must look after myself in
• 25:04
  Speaker 2: far fetch connection with this, I quote to earth, this
• 25:08
  Speaker 2: weary earth. He brings us to guilt, He let us
• 25:12
  Speaker 2: heedless go. Another idea about the table dot. A few
• 25:19
  Speaker 2: weeks ago, I was very cross with my dear wife
• 25:21
  Speaker 2: at the dinner table at a tyre le's health resort,
• 25:24
  Speaker 2: because she was not sufficiently reserved with some neighbors with
• 25:27
  Speaker 2: whom I wished to have absolutely nothing to do. I
• 25:30
  Speaker 2: begged her to occupy herself rather with me than with
• 25:33
  Speaker 2: the strangers. That is, just as if I had been
• 25:37
  Speaker 2: at a disadvantage at the table dot. The contrast between
• 25:41
  Speaker 2: the behavior of my wife at the table and that
• 25:43
  Speaker 2: of missus e l and the dream now strikes me
• 25:46
  Speaker 2: addresses herself entirely to me. I now noticed that the
• 25:52
  Speaker 2: dream is the reproduction of a little scene which transpired
• 25:56
  Speaker 2: between my wife and myself when I was secretly courting her.
• 26:00
  Speaker 2: The caressing under cover of the tablecloth was an answer
• 26:03
  Speaker 2: to a wooer's passionate letter. In the dream, however, my
• 26:07
  Speaker 2: wife is replaced by the unfamiliar e L. Missus e
• 26:13
  Speaker 2: L is the daughter of a man whom I owed money.
• 26:17
  Speaker 2: I cannot help noticing that here there is revealed an
• 26:20
  Speaker 2: unsuspected connection between the dream content and my thoughts. If
• 26:26
  Speaker 2: the chain of association be followed up which proceeds from
• 26:29
  Speaker 2: one element of the dream, one is soon led back
• 26:31
  Speaker 2: to another one of its elements. The thoughts evoked by
• 26:36
  Speaker 2: the dream stir up associations which were not noticeable in
• 26:39
  Speaker 2: the dream itself. It is not customary when someone expects
• 26:45
  Speaker 2: others to look after his interest without any advantage to themselves,
• 26:49
  Speaker 2: to ask the innocent questions satirically, do you think this
• 26:53
  Speaker 2: will be done for the sake of your beautiful eyes?
• 26:58
  Speaker 2: Hence Missus e L's speech the dream, you have always
• 27:02
  Speaker 2: had such beautiful eyes mean nothing, but people always do
• 27:05
  Speaker 2: everything to you for love of you. You have had
• 27:08
  Speaker 2: everything for nothing. The contrary is, of course the truth.
• 27:14
  Speaker 2: I have always paid dearly for whatever kindness others have
• 27:17
  Speaker 2: shown me still, the fact that I had a ride
• 27:20
  Speaker 2: for nothing yesterday when my friend drove me home in
• 27:23
  Speaker 2: his cab must have made an impression upon me. In
• 27:26
  Speaker 2: any case, the friends whose guest we were yesterday has
• 27:29
  Speaker 2: often made me as debner. Recently I had allowed an
• 27:32
  Speaker 2: opportunity of requiting him to go by. He has only
• 27:35
  Speaker 2: one present from me, an antique shawl upon which eyes
• 27:38
  Speaker 2: are painted all around, a so called oakley, as a
• 27:42
  Speaker 2: charm against the molochio. Moreover, he is an eye specialist.
• 27:49
  Speaker 2: That same evening I had asked him after a patient
• 27:53
  Speaker 2: whom I had sent to him for glasses. As I remarked,
• 27:59
  Speaker 2: nearly all parts of the dream have been brought into
• 28:01
  Speaker 2: this new connection. I still might ask why in the
• 28:05
  Speaker 2: dream it was spinach that was served up, Because spinach
• 28:09
  Speaker 2: called up a little scene which recently occurred at our table.
• 28:13
  Speaker 2: A child whose beautiful eyes are really deserving of praise,
• 28:17
  Speaker 2: refused to eat spinach. As a child, I was just
• 28:21
  Speaker 2: the same. For a long time I loathed spinach, until
• 28:25
  Speaker 2: in later life my taste altered and it became one
• 28:28
  Speaker 2: of my favorite dishes. The mention of this dish brings
• 28:32
  Speaker 2: my own childhood and that of my child's near together.
• 28:36
  Speaker 2: You should be glad that you have some spinach, his
• 28:39
  Speaker 2: mother had said to the little Ormee. Some children would
• 28:42
  Speaker 2: be very glad to get spinach. Thus I am reminded
• 28:45
  Speaker 2: of the parents' duties towards their children. Gerta's word to earth,
• 28:50
  Speaker 2: this weary earth, he bring us to guilt. He let
• 28:54
  Speaker 2: us heedless go take on another meeting in this connection.
• 29:01
  Speaker 2: Here I will stop in order that I may recapitulate
• 29:03
  Speaker 2: the results of the analysis of the dream. By following
• 29:08
  Speaker 2: the associations which were linked to the single elements of
• 29:11
  Speaker 2: the dream. Torn from their context, I have been led
• 29:14
  Speaker 2: to a series of thoughts and reminiscences where I am
• 29:17
  Speaker 2: bound to recognize interesting experiences of my psychical life. The
• 29:22
  Speaker 2: matter yielded by an analysis of the dream stands an
• 29:25
  Speaker 2: intimate relationship with the dream content. But this relationship is
• 29:29
  Speaker 2: so special that I should never have been able to
• 29:31
  Speaker 2: have inferred the new discoveries directly from the dream itself.
• 29:36
  Speaker 2: The dream was passionless, disconnected, and unintelligible. During the time
• 29:41
  Speaker 2: that I am unfolding the thoughts at the back of
• 29:43
  Speaker 2: the dream, I feel intense and well grounded emotions. The
• 29:48
  Speaker 2: thoughts themselves fit beautifully together into change, logically bound together
• 29:52
  Speaker 2: with certain central ideas, which ever repeat themselves. Such ideas
• 29:57
  Speaker 2: not represented in the dream itself, are, in this instance
• 30:01
  Speaker 2: the antithesis selfish, unselfish to be indebted to work for nothing.
• 30:08
  Speaker 2: I could draw closer the threads of the web which
• 30:10
  Speaker 2: analysis has disclosed, and would then be able to show
• 30:13
  Speaker 2: how they all run together into a single knot. I
• 30:16
  Speaker 2: am debarred from making this work public by considerations of
• 30:19
  Speaker 2: a private, not a scientific nature. After having cleared up
• 30:24
  Speaker 2: many things which I do not willingly acknowledges mine, I
• 30:28
  Speaker 2: should have much to reveal which had better remain my secret.
• 30:32
  Speaker 2: Why then, do I not choose another dream whose analysis
• 30:35
  Speaker 2: would be more suitable for publication, so that I could
• 30:37
  Speaker 2: awaken a fairer conviction of the sense and cohesion of
• 30:40
  Speaker 2: the results disclosed by analysis. The answer is because every
• 30:45
  Speaker 2: dream which I investigate leads to the same difficulties and
• 30:48
  Speaker 2: places me under the same need of discretion. Nor should
• 30:51
  Speaker 2: I forego this difficulty any the more were I to
• 30:54
  Speaker 2: analyze the dream of someone else. That could only be
• 30:58
  Speaker 2: done when opportunity allowed all concealment to be dropped without
• 31:01
  Speaker 2: injury to those who trusted me. The conclusion which is
• 31:06
  Speaker 2: now forced upon me is that the dream is a
• 31:10
  Speaker 2: sort of substitution for those emotional and intellectual chains of
• 31:14
  Speaker 2: thought which I attained after complete analysis. I do not
• 31:18
  Speaker 2: yet know the process by which the dream arose from
• 31:21
  Speaker 2: those thoughts, but I perceived that it is wrong to
• 31:24
  Speaker 2: regard the dream as psychically unimportant, a purely physical process
• 31:28
  Speaker 2: which has arisen from the activity of isolated cortical ailments
• 31:32
  Speaker 2: awakened out of sleep. I must further remark that the
• 31:37
  Speaker 2: dream is far shorter than the thoughts which I hold
• 31:39
  Speaker 2: it replaces. Whilst analysis discovered that the dream was provoked
• 31:44
  Speaker 2: by an unimportant occurrence the evening before the dream, naturally
• 31:51
  Speaker 2: I would not draw such far reaching conclusions if only
• 31:54
  Speaker 2: one analysis were known to me. Experience has shown me
• 31:59
  Speaker 2: that when the associations of any dreamer honestly followed such
• 32:02
  Speaker 2: a chain of thought is revealed, the constituent parts of
• 32:06
  Speaker 2: the dream reappear correctly and sensibly linked together. The slight
• 32:10
  Speaker 2: suspicion that this concatenation was merely an accident of a
• 32:14
  Speaker 2: single first observation must therefore be absolutely relinquished. I regard
• 32:22
  Speaker 2: it therefore as my right to establish this new view
• 32:26
  Speaker 2: by a proper nomenclature. I contrast the dream which my
• 32:30
  Speaker 2: memory evokes with the dream and other added matter revealed
• 32:33
  Speaker 2: by analysis. The former I call the dreams manifest content.
• 32:40
  Speaker 2: The latter, without at first further subdivision its latent content.
• 32:47
  Speaker 2: I arrive at two new problems hithertoto unformulated. One, what
• 32:53
  Speaker 2: is the psychical process which has transformed the latent content
• 32:57
  Speaker 2: of the dream into it manifest content? Two? What is
• 33:02
  Speaker 2: the motive or the motives which have made such a transformation?
• 33:06
  Speaker 2: Exegen the process by which the change from latant to
• 33:11
  Speaker 2: manifest content is executed. I name the dream work. In
• 33:16
  Speaker 2: contrast with this is the work of analysis which produces
• 33:21
  Speaker 2: the reverse transformation. The other problems of the dream the
• 33:26
  Speaker 2: inquiry as to its stimuli, as to the source of
• 33:30
  Speaker 2: its materials, as to its possible purpose, the functions of dreaming,
• 33:35
  Speaker 2: the forgetting of dreams. These I will discuss in connection
• 33:39
  Speaker 2: with the latent dream content. I shall take every care
• 33:44
  Speaker 2: to avoid a confusion between the manifest and the latent content.
• 33:49
  Speaker 2: For I ascribe all the contradictory as well as the
• 33:52
  Speaker 2: incorrect accounts of dream life to the ignorance of this
• 33:55
  Speaker 2: latent content now first laid bare through analysis. The conversion
• 34:02
  Speaker 2: of the latent dream thoughts into those manifest deserves our
• 34:06
  Speaker 2: close study as the first known example of the transformation
• 34:10
  Speaker 2: of psychical stuff from one mode of expression into another,
• 34:14
  Speaker 2: From a mode of expression which moreover is readily intelligible,
• 34:19
  Speaker 2: into another which we can only penetrate by effort and
• 34:22
  Speaker 2: with guidance, although this nude mode must be equally reckoned
• 34:26
  Speaker 2: as an effort of our own psychical activity. From the
• 34:36
  Speaker 2: standpoint of the relationship of latent to manifest dream content,
• 34:40
  Speaker 2: dream can be divided into three classes. We can, in
• 34:44
  Speaker 2: the first place, distinguish those dreams which have a meaning
• 34:48
  Speaker 2: and are at the same time intelligible, which allow us
• 34:51
  Speaker 2: to penetrate into our psychical life without further ado. Such
• 34:56
  Speaker 2: dreams are numerous, they are usually short, and as a
• 34:59
  Speaker 2: general rule, do not seem very noticeable because everything remarkable
• 35:03
  Speaker 2: or exciting surprise is absent. Their occurrence is moreover, a
• 35:10
  Speaker 2: strong argument against the doctrine which derives the dream from
• 35:13
  Speaker 2: the isolated activity of certain cortical elements. All signs of
• 35:18
  Speaker 2: a lowered or subdivided psychical activity are wanting. Yet we
• 35:22
  Speaker 2: never raise any objection to characterizing them as dreams, nor
• 35:26
  Speaker 2: do we confound them with the products of our waking life.
• 35:31
  Speaker 2: A second group is formed by those dreams which are
• 35:33
  Speaker 2: indeed self coherent and have a distinct meaning, but appears
• 35:37
  Speaker 2: strange because we are unable to reconcile their meaning with
• 35:40
  Speaker 2: our mental life. This is the case where we dream,
• 35:44
  Speaker 2: for instance, that some dear relative has died of plague,
• 35:47
  Speaker 2: when we know no ground for expecting, apprehending, or assuming
• 35:51
  Speaker 2: anything of the sort. We can only ask to ourselves, wonderingly,
• 35:55
  Speaker 2: what brought this into my head. To the third group,
• 35:59
  Speaker 2: those dreams belong which are void of both meaning and intelligibility.
• 36:04
  Speaker 2: They are incoherent, complicated, and meaningless. The overwhelming number of
• 36:09
  Speaker 2: our dreams partake of this character, and this has given
• 36:12
  Speaker 2: rise to contemptuous attitude towards dreams and the medical theory
• 36:16
  Speaker 2: of their limited psychical activity. It is especially in the
• 36:21
  Speaker 2: longer and more complicated dream plots that signs of incoherence
• 36:24
  Speaker 2: are seldom missing. The contrast between manifest and latent dream
• 36:30
  Speaker 2: content is clearly only of value for the dreams of
• 36:33
  Speaker 2: the second and more especially for those of the third class.
• 36:37
  Speaker 2: Here are problems which are only solved when the manifest
• 36:40
  Speaker 2: dream is replaced by its latent content. It was an
• 36:43
  Speaker 2: example of this kind, a complicated and unintelligible dream, that
• 36:47
  Speaker 2: we subjected to analysis. Against our expectations, we however, struck
• 36:53
  Speaker 2: upon reasons which prevented a complete cognizance of the latent
• 36:56
  Speaker 2: dream thought. On the repetition of the same experience, we
• 37:02
  Speaker 2: were forced to the supposition that there is an intimate
• 37:04
  Speaker 2: bond with laws of its own, between the unintelligible and
• 37:07
  Speaker 2: complicated nature of the dream and the difficulties attending communication
• 37:12
  Speaker 2: of the thoughts connected with the dream. For investigating the
• 37:17
  Speaker 2: nature of this bond, it will be advantageous to turn
• 37:20
  Speaker 2: our attention to the more readily intelligible dreams of the
• 37:23
  Speaker 2: first class, where the manifest and latent content being identical,
• 37:27
  Speaker 2: the dream work seems to be omitted. The investigation of
• 37:33
  Speaker 2: these dreams is also advisable from another standpoint. The dreams
• 37:38
  Speaker 2: of children are of this nature. They have a meaning
• 37:41
  Speaker 2: and are not bizarre. This, by the way, is a
• 37:44
  Speaker 2: further objection to reducing dreams to a dissociation of streable
• 37:48
  Speaker 2: activity and sleep. For why is it such a lowering
• 37:51
  Speaker 2: of psychical functions? Belong to the nature of sleep and adults,
• 37:54
  Speaker 2: but not in children. We are, however, fully justified in
• 37:58
  Speaker 2: expecting that the explain the nation of psychical processes in children,
• 38:02
  Speaker 2: essentially simplified as they may be, it serves an indispensable
• 38:06
  Speaker 2: preparation towards the psychology of the adult. I shall therefore
• 38:13
  Speaker 2: cite some examples of dream which I have gathered from children.
• 38:18
  Speaker 2: A girl of nineteen months was made to go without
• 38:20
  Speaker 2: food for a day because she had been sick in
• 38:22
  Speaker 2: the morning, and according to nurse, had made herself ill
• 38:25
  Speaker 2: through eating strawberries during the night. After her day of fasting,
• 38:30
  Speaker 2: she was heard calling out her name during sleep and adding,
• 38:33
  Speaker 2: tawberry eggs, Papa, dreaming that she is eating and selects
• 38:39
  Speaker 2: out of her menu exactly what she supposes she will
• 38:42
  Speaker 2: not get much of just now. The same kind of
• 38:46
  Speaker 2: dream about a forbidden dish was that of a little
• 38:48
  Speaker 2: boy of twenty two months. The day before he was
• 38:51
  Speaker 2: told to offer his uncle a present of a small
• 38:53
  Speaker 2: basket of cherries, of which the child was, of course,
• 38:56
  Speaker 2: only allowed one to taste. He woke up with the
• 39:00
  Speaker 2: joyful news hermann eaten up all the cherries. A girl
• 39:06
  Speaker 2: of three and a half years had made during the
• 39:07
  Speaker 2: day of sea trip, which was too short for her,
• 39:10
  Speaker 2: and she cried when she had to get out of
• 39:12
  Speaker 2: the boat the next morning. Her story was that during
• 39:16
  Speaker 2: the night she had been on the sea, thus continuing
• 39:18
  Speaker 2: the interrupted trip. A boy of five and a half
• 39:23
  Speaker 2: years was not at all pleased with his party during
• 39:25
  Speaker 2: a walk in the Dockstein region. Whenever a new peak
• 39:28
  Speaker 2: came into sight, he asked if that were the Dockstein,
• 39:31
  Speaker 2: and finally refused to accompany the party to the waterfall.
• 39:36
  Speaker 2: His behavior was ascribed to fatigue, but a better explanation
• 39:40
  Speaker 2: was forthcoming when the next morning he told his dream
• 39:43
  Speaker 2: he had ascended the Dostein. Obviously, he expected the ascent
• 39:47
  Speaker 2: of the dock Stein to be the object of the
• 39:49
  Speaker 2: excursion and was vexed by not getting a glimpse of
• 39:52
  Speaker 2: the mountain. The dream gave him what the day had withheld.
• 39:57
  Speaker 2: The dream of a girl of six was similar. Father
• 40:00
  Speaker 2: had cut short the walk before reaching the promised objective
• 40:03
  Speaker 2: on account of the lateness of the hour. On the
• 40:06
  Speaker 2: way back, she noticed a signpost giving the name of
• 40:09
  Speaker 2: another place for excursions. Her father promised to take her
• 40:12
  Speaker 2: there also some other day She greeted her father next
• 40:17
  Speaker 2: day with the news that she had dreamt that her
• 40:20
  Speaker 2: father had been with her to both places. What is
• 40:25
  Speaker 2: common in all these dreams is obvious. They completely satisfy
• 40:29
  Speaker 2: wishes excited during the day which remain unrealized. They are
• 40:33
  Speaker 2: simply and undisguisedly realizations of wishes. The following child dream,
• 40:40
  Speaker 2: not quite understandable at first sight, is nothing else than
• 40:43
  Speaker 2: a wish realized. On account of Poliomilitis, a girl not
• 40:48
  Speaker 2: quite four years of age was brought from the country
• 40:51
  Speaker 2: into town and remained overnight with a childless aunt and
• 40:55
  Speaker 2: a big for her naturally huge bed. The warning, she
• 41:00
  Speaker 2: stated that she had dreamt that the bed was much
• 41:02
  Speaker 2: too small for her, so she could find no place
• 41:05
  Speaker 2: in it. To explain this dream as a wish as
• 41:09
  Speaker 2: easy when remembered that to be big is a frequently
• 41:12
  Speaker 2: expressed wish of all children. The bigness of the bed
• 41:16
  Speaker 2: reminded Miss Little would be big, only too forcibly of
• 41:19
  Speaker 2: her smallness, This nasty situation became righted in her dream,
• 41:23
  Speaker 2: and she grew so big that the bed now became
• 41:26
  Speaker 2: too small for her. Even when children's dreams are complicated
• 41:32
  Speaker 2: and polished, their comprehension as a realization of desire is
• 41:35
  Speaker 2: fairly evident. A boy of eight dreamt that he was
• 41:38
  Speaker 2: being driven with Achilles in a warchariat guided by Diomedes.
• 41:43
  Speaker 2: The day before he was assiduously reading about great heroes.
• 41:48
  Speaker 2: It is easy to show that he took these heroes
• 41:50
  Speaker 2: as his models and regretted that he was not living
• 41:52
  Speaker 2: in those days. From this short collection, a further characteristic
• 41:58
  Speaker 2: of the dreams of children as man their connection with
• 42:02
  Speaker 2: the life of the day. The desires which are realized
• 42:06
  Speaker 2: in these dreams are left over from the day or
• 42:09
  Speaker 2: as a rule, the day previous, and the feeling has
• 42:12
  Speaker 2: become intently emphasized and fixed during the day's thoughts, accidental
• 42:17
  Speaker 2: and indifferent matters or what must appear so to the
• 42:21
  Speaker 2: child by no acceptance in the content the dream. Innumerable
• 42:28
  Speaker 2: instances of such dreams of the infantile type can be
• 42:31
  Speaker 2: found among adults also, but as mentioned, these are mostly
• 42:35
  Speaker 2: exactly like the manifest content. Thus, a random selection of
• 42:40
  Speaker 2: persons will generally respond to thirst at night with a
• 42:43
  Speaker 2: dream about drinking, thus striving to get rid of the
• 42:46
  Speaker 2: sensation and to let sleep continue. Many persons frequently have
• 42:51
  Speaker 2: these comforting dreams before waking, just when they are called.
• 42:56
  Speaker 2: Then they dream that they are already up, that they
• 42:59
  Speaker 2: are washing, were already in school, at the office, etc.
• 43:02
  Speaker 2: Where they ought to be at a given time. The
• 43:05
  Speaker 2: night before an attended journey, one not infrequently dreams that
• 43:09
  Speaker 2: one has already arrived at the destination before going to
• 43:12
  Speaker 2: a play or to a party. The dream not infrequently
• 43:15
  Speaker 2: anticipates in impatience, as it were, the expected pleasure. At
• 43:21
  Speaker 2: other times, the dream expresses the realization of the desire
• 43:25
  Speaker 2: somewhat indirectly. Some connection, some sequel, must be known the
• 43:30
  Speaker 2: first step towards recognizing the desire. Thus, when a husband
• 43:37
  Speaker 2: related to me the dream of his young wife that
• 43:40
  Speaker 2: a monthly period has begun, I had to think myself
• 43:44
  Speaker 2: that the young wife would have expected a pregnancy if
• 43:47
  Speaker 2: the period had been absent. The dream is then a
• 43:50
  Speaker 2: sign of pregnancy. Its meaning is that it shows the
• 43:54
  Speaker 2: wish realized that the pregnancy should not occur us Yet,
• 43:58
  Speaker 2: under unusual and extreme circumstances, these dreams of the infantile
• 44:03
  Speaker 2: type become very frequent. The leader of a polar expedition
• 44:07
  Speaker 2: tells us, for instance, that during the wintering amid the ice.
• 44:10
  Speaker 2: The crew, with their monotonous diet and slight rations, drempt
• 44:14
  Speaker 2: regularly like children of fine meals, of mountains, of tobacco,
• 44:19
  Speaker 2: and of home. It is not uncommon that out of
• 44:24
  Speaker 2: some long, complicated and intricate dream, one specially lurid part
• 44:28
  Speaker 2: stands out, containing unmistakably the realization of a desire, but
• 44:33
  Speaker 2: bound up with much unintelligible matter. On more frequently, analyzing
• 44:39
  Speaker 2: the seemingly more transparent dreams of adults, it's astonishing to
• 44:43
  Speaker 2: discover that these are rarely as simple as the dreams
• 44:46
  Speaker 2: of children, and that they cover another meaning beyond that
• 44:49
  Speaker 2: of the realization of a wish. It would certainly be
• 44:54
  Speaker 2: a simple and convenient solution of the riddle if the
• 44:57
  Speaker 2: work of analysis made it at all possible for us
• 44:59
  Speaker 2: to t trace the meaningless and intricate dreams of adults
• 45:02
  Speaker 2: back to the infantile type, to the realization of some
• 45:06
  Speaker 2: intensely experienced desire of the day. But there is no
• 45:10
  Speaker 2: warrant for such an expectation. Their dreams are generally full
• 45:14
  Speaker 2: of the most indifferent and bizarre matter, no trace of
• 45:18
  Speaker 2: the realization of the wishes to be found in their content.
• 45:24
  Speaker 2: Before leaving these infantile dreams, which are obviously unrealized desires,
• 45:29
  Speaker 2: We must not fail to mention another chief characteristic of dreams,
• 45:33
  Speaker 2: one that has been long noticed and one which stands
• 45:35
  Speaker 2: out most clearly in this class. I can replace any
• 45:39
  Speaker 2: of these dreams by a phrase expressing a desire, if
• 45:43
  Speaker 2: the sea trip had only lasted longer, if I were
• 45:46
  Speaker 2: only washed and dressed, if I had only been allowed
• 45:49
  Speaker 2: to keep the cherries instead of giving them to my uncle.
• 45:54
  Speaker 2: But the dream gives something more than the choice. For
• 45:57
  Speaker 2: here the desire is already realized. Its realization is real
• 46:01
  Speaker 2: and actual. The dream presentations consist chiefly, if not wholly,
• 46:07
  Speaker 2: of scenes and mainly of visual sense images. Hence, a
• 46:12
  Speaker 2: kind of transformation is not entirely absent in this class
• 46:16
  Speaker 2: of dreams, and this may be fairly designated as the
• 46:20
  Speaker 2: dream work. An idea merely existing in the region of
• 46:24
  Speaker 2: possibility is replaced by a vision of its accomplishment. End
• 46:39
  Speaker 2: of dream Psychology, Chapter.
• 46:41
  Speaker 3: One, Chapter two of Dream Psychology. We are compelled to
• 46:46
  Speaker 3: assume that such transformation of scene has also taken place
• 46:49
  Speaker 3: in intricate dreams, though we do not know whether it
• 46:52
  Speaker 3: has encountered any possible desire. The dream instance at the commencement,
• 46:56
  Speaker 3: which we analyze somewhat thoroughly, did give us occasion in
• 46:59
  Speaker 3: two places to suspect something of the kind. Analysis brought
• 47:03
  Speaker 3: out that my wife was occupied with others at the table,
• 47:06
  Speaker 3: and that I did not like it. In the dream itself,
• 47:09
  Speaker 3: exactly the opposite occurs, for the person who replaces my
• 47:12
  Speaker 3: wife gives me her undivided attention. But can one wish
• 47:16
  Speaker 3: for anything pleasanter after a disagreeable incident than that The
• 47:19
  Speaker 3: exact contrary should have occurred, just as the dream has it.
• 47:24
  Speaker 3: The stinging thought in the analysis that I have never
• 47:26
  Speaker 3: had anything for nothing is similarly connected with the woman's
• 47:29
  Speaker 3: remark in the dream, you have always had such beautiful eyes.
• 47:33
  Speaker 3: Some portion of the opposition between the latent and manifest
• 47:37
  Speaker 3: content of the dream must be therefore derived from the realization.
• 47:40
  Speaker 2: Of a wish.
• 47:43
  Speaker 3: Another manifestation of the dream. Work, which all incoherent dreams
• 47:47
  Speaker 3: have in common, is still more noticeable. Choose any instance
• 47:51
  Speaker 3: and compare the number of separate elements in it or
• 47:54
  Speaker 3: the extent of the dream, if written down with the
• 47:56
  Speaker 3: dream thoughts yielded by analysis, and of which beta trace
• 47:59
  Speaker 3: can be found in the dream itself. There can be
• 48:02
  Speaker 3: no doubt that the dream working has resulted in an
• 48:05
  Speaker 3: extraordinary compression or condensation. It is not at first easy
• 48:09
  Speaker 3: to form an opinion as to the extent of the condensation.
• 48:13
  Speaker 3: The more deeply you go into the analysis, the more
• 48:15
  Speaker 3: deeply you were impressed by it. Throwby found no factor
• 48:18
  Speaker 3: in the dream. Whence the change of associations did not
• 48:21
  Speaker 3: lead in two or more directions, no scene which has
• 48:24
  Speaker 3: not been pieced together out of two or more impressions
• 48:26
  Speaker 3: and events. For instance, I once dreamt about a kind
• 48:30
  Speaker 3: of swimming bath where the bathers suddenly separated in all directions.
• 48:36
  Speaker 3: At one place, on the edge, a person stood bending
• 48:38
  Speaker 3: towards one of the bathers, as if to drag him out.
• 48:41
  Speaker 3: The scene was a composite one, made up of an
• 48:44
  Speaker 3: event that occurred at the time of puberty and of
• 48:46
  Speaker 3: two pictures, one of which I had just seen shortly
• 48:49
  Speaker 3: before the dream. The two pictures were the surprise in
• 48:52
  Speaker 3: the bath from Schwinn's cycle of the Melusine note the
• 48:56
  Speaker 3: bathers were suddenly separating, and the flood an Italian master.
• 49:02
  Speaker 3: The little incident was that I once witnessed a lady
• 49:05
  Speaker 3: who had tarried in the swimming bath until the men's hour,
• 49:09
  Speaker 3: being helped out of the water by the swimming master.
• 49:12
  Speaker 3: The scene in the dream which was selected for the
• 49:14
  Speaker 3: analysis led to a whole group of reminiscences, each one
• 49:18
  Speaker 3: of which had contributed to the dream content. First of
• 49:22
  Speaker 3: all came the little episode from the time of my courting,
• 49:25
  Speaker 3: of which I have already spoken. The pressure of a
• 49:28
  Speaker 3: hand under the table gave rise in the dream to
• 49:30
  Speaker 3: the under the table, which I had subsequently to find
• 49:33
  Speaker 3: a place for in my recollection. There was, of course,
• 49:36
  Speaker 3: at the time, not a word about undivided attention. Analysis
• 49:40
  Speaker 3: taught me that this factor is the realization of a
• 49:42
  Speaker 3: desire through its contradictory and related to the behavior of
• 49:46
  Speaker 3: my wife at the table. d'Hote, an exactly similar and
• 49:51
  Speaker 3: much more important episode of our courtship, one which separated
• 49:55
  Speaker 3: us for an entire day, lies hidden behind this recent recollection.
• 50:00
  Speaker 3: The intimacy the hand resting upon the knee refers to
• 50:04
  Speaker 3: a quite different connection and to quite other persons. This
• 50:07
  Speaker 3: element in the dream becomes again the starting point of
• 50:10
  Speaker 3: two distinct series of reminiscences, and so on, the stuff
• 50:15
  Speaker 3: of dream thoughts which has been accumulated for the formation
• 50:18
  Speaker 3: of the dream scene must be naturally fit for this application.
• 50:21
  Speaker 3: There must be one or more common factors. The dream
• 50:25
  Speaker 3: work proceeds like Francis Galton with his family photographs. The
• 50:29
  Speaker 3: different elements are put one on top of the other.
• 50:32
  Speaker 3: What is common to the composite picture stands out clearly.
• 50:35
  Speaker 3: The opposing details cancel each other. This process of reproduction
• 50:39
  Speaker 3: partly explains the wavering statements of a peculiar vagueness in
• 50:43
  Speaker 3: so many elements of the dream. For the interpretation of dreams,
• 50:46
  Speaker 3: this rule holds good when analysis discloses uncertainty as to
• 50:50
  Speaker 3: either or read, and taking each selection of the apparent
• 50:54
  Speaker 3: alternatives as a separate outlet for a series of impressions.
• 50:59
  Speaker 3: When nothing in common between the dream thoughts, the dream
• 51:02
  Speaker 3: work takes the trouble to create a something in order
• 51:05
  Speaker 3: to make a common presentation feasible in the dream. The
• 51:08
  Speaker 3: simplest way to approximate two dream thoughts which have as
• 51:11
  Speaker 3: yet nothing in common, consists in making such a change
• 51:14
  Speaker 3: in the actual expression of an one idea, as it
• 51:17
  Speaker 3: will meet a slight responsive recasting in the form of
• 51:19
  Speaker 3: the other idea. The process is analogous to that of
• 51:23
  Speaker 3: a rhyme, when consonance supplies the desired common factor. A
• 51:27
  Speaker 3: good deal of the dream work consists in the creation
• 51:29
  Speaker 3: of those frequently very witty, but often exaggerated digressions. These
• 51:34
  Speaker 3: vary from the common presentation in the dream content to
• 51:37
  Speaker 3: dream thoughts, which are as varied as are the causes
• 51:40
  Speaker 3: in form and essence which give rise to them. In
• 51:44
  Speaker 3: the analysis of our example of the dream, I find
• 51:46
  Speaker 3: a like cause of the transformation of a thought in
• 51:49
  Speaker 3: order that it might agree with another essentially foreign one.
• 51:54
  Speaker 3: In following out the analysis, I struck upon the thought
• 51:57
  Speaker 3: I should like to have something for nothing. But this
• 52:00
  Speaker 3: formula is not serviceable to the dream. Hence it is
• 52:03
  Speaker 3: replaced by another one. I should like to enjoy something
• 52:07
  Speaker 3: free of cost. The word cost in bracket's taste, with
• 52:12
  Speaker 3: its double meaning, is appropriate to a table d'Hote. It, moreover,
• 52:17
  Speaker 3: is in place through the special sense in the dream.
• 52:20
  Speaker 3: At home, if there is a dish which the children decline,
• 52:23
  Speaker 3: their mother first tries gentle persuasion with a just taste,
• 52:26
  Speaker 3: it that the dream work should unhesitatingly use. The double
• 52:30
  Speaker 3: meaning of the word is certainly remarkable. Ample experience has shown, however,
• 52:35
  Speaker 3: that the occurrence is quite usual. Through consideration are through
• 52:41
  Speaker 3: condensation of the certain const constituent parts of its content
• 52:47
  Speaker 3: are explicable, which are peculiar to the dream life alone,
• 52:50
  Speaker 3: and which are not found in the waking state. Such
• 52:53
  Speaker 3: are the composite and mixed persons, the extraordinary mixed figures,
• 52:56
  Speaker 3: creations comparable with the fantastic animal, composition of all orientals
• 53:01
  Speaker 3: a moment's thought, and these are reduced to unity, whilst
• 53:03
  Speaker 3: the fancies of the dream are ever formed anew in
• 53:06
  Speaker 3: an inexhaustible profusion. Everyone knows such images in his own dreams.
• 53:12
  Speaker 3: Manifold are their origins. I can build up a person
• 53:16
  Speaker 3: by borrowing one feature from one person and one from another,
• 53:19
  Speaker 3: or by giving to the form of one the name
• 53:22
  Speaker 3: of another. In my dream, I can also visualize one person,
• 53:26
  Speaker 3: but place them in a position which has occurred to another.
• 53:30
  Speaker 3: There is a meaning in all these cases when different
• 53:32
  Speaker 3: persons are amalgamated into one substitute. Such cases denote an
• 53:37
  Speaker 3: and and I, just like a comparison of their original
• 53:40
  Speaker 3: person from a certain point of view, a comparison which
• 53:43
  Speaker 3: can be also realized in the dream itself. As a rule, However,
• 53:47
  Speaker 3: the identity of the blended persons is only discoverable by analysis,
• 53:51
  Speaker 3: and is only indicated in the dream content by the
• 53:53
  Speaker 3: formation of the combined person. The same diversity in their
• 54:02
  Speaker 3: ways of formation, and the same rules for its solution
• 54:06
  Speaker 3: hold good also for the innumerable medley of dream contents,
• 54:09
  Speaker 3: examples of which I need scarcely adduce. Their strangeness quite
• 54:14
  Speaker 3: disappears when we resolve not to place them on a
• 54:16
  Speaker 3: level with the objects of perception as known to us
• 54:19
  Speaker 3: when awake, but to remember that they represent the art
• 54:21
  Speaker 3: of dream condensation. By an exclusion of unnecessary detail, prominence
• 54:27
  Speaker 3: is given to the common character of the combination. Analysis
• 54:30
  Speaker 3: must also generally supply the common features the dream says simply,
• 54:35
  Speaker 3: all these things have an X in common. The decomposition
• 54:40
  Speaker 3: of these mixed images by analysis is often the quickest
• 54:43
  Speaker 3: way to an interpretation of the dream. Thus, I once
• 54:47
  Speaker 3: dreamt that I was sitting with one of my former
• 54:50
  Speaker 3: university tutors on a bench which was undergoing a rapid
• 54:53
  Speaker 3: continuous movement amidst other benches. This was a combination of
• 54:57
  Speaker 3: lecture room and moving staircase. I will not pursue the
• 55:01
  Speaker 3: further result of the thought. Another time, I was sitting
• 55:04
  Speaker 3: in a carriage and on my lap an object in
• 55:06
  Speaker 3: shape like a top hat, which however, was made of
• 55:09
  Speaker 3: transparent glass. The scene at once brought me to the proverb,
• 55:15
  Speaker 3: he who keeps his hat in his hand will travel
• 55:18
  Speaker 3: safely through the land by a slight turn. The glass
• 55:22
  Speaker 3: hat reminded me of Auer's light, and I knew that
• 55:26
  Speaker 3: I was about to invent something which was to make
• 55:28
  Speaker 3: me as rich and independent as his invention had made
• 55:31
  Speaker 3: my countryman, doctor Er of Welsbach. Then I should be
• 55:35
  Speaker 3: able to travel instead of remaining in Vienna. In the dream,
• 55:38
  Speaker 3: I was traveling with my invention, with the it is true,
• 55:42
  Speaker 3: rather awkward glass top hat. The dream work is particularly
• 55:46
  Speaker 3: adept at representing two contradictory conceptions by means of the
• 55:50
  Speaker 3: same mixed image. Thus, for instance, a woman dreamt of
• 55:54
  Speaker 3: herself carrying a tall flower stalk is in the picture
• 55:57
  Speaker 3: of the annunciation Chastity, Mary is your own name, But
• 56:01
  Speaker 3: the stalk was bedecked with thick white blossoms resembling camellias.
• 56:05
  Speaker 3: Contrast with Chastity the dame o Camillias. A great deal
• 56:12
  Speaker 3: of what we have called dream condensation can thus be formulated.
• 56:16
  Speaker 3: Each one of the elements of the dream content is
• 56:18
  Speaker 3: overdetermined by the matter of the dream thoughts. It is
• 56:21
  Speaker 3: not derived from one of the elements of these thoughts,
• 56:24
  Speaker 3: but from a whole series. These are not necessarily interconnected
• 56:28
  Speaker 3: in any way, but may belong to the most diverse
• 56:31
  Speaker 3: spheres of thought. The dream element truly represents all this
• 56:34
  Speaker 3: disparate matter in the dream content analysis, moreover, discloses another
• 56:40
  Speaker 3: side of the relationship between dream content and dream thoughts.
• 56:43
  Speaker 3: Just as one element of the dream leads to associations
• 56:46
  Speaker 3: with several dream thoughts, so as a rule, the one
• 56:49
  Speaker 3: dream thought represents more than one dream element. The threads
• 56:52
  Speaker 3: of the association do not simply converge from the dream
• 56:55
  Speaker 3: thoughts to the dream content, but on the way they
• 56:58
  Speaker 3: overlap and interweave in every way. Next to the transformation
• 57:03
  Speaker 3: of one thought in the scene, its dramatization, condensation is
• 57:07
  Speaker 3: the most important and most characteristic feature of the dream work.
• 57:11
  Speaker 3: We have as yet no clue as to the motive
• 57:13
  Speaker 3: calling for such compression of the content. In the complicated
• 57:17
  Speaker 3: and intricate dreams with which we are now concerned, condensation
• 57:20
  Speaker 3: and dramatization do not wholly account for the difference between
• 57:24
  Speaker 3: dream contents and dream thoughts. There is evidence of a
• 57:27
  Speaker 3: third factor which deserves careful consideration. When I have arrived
• 57:32
  Speaker 3: at an understanding of the dream thoughts by my analysis,
• 57:35
  Speaker 3: I notice above all that the matter of the manifest
• 57:38
  Speaker 3: is very different from that of the latent dream content.
• 57:41
  Speaker 3: That is, I admit only an apparent difference, which vanishes
• 57:45
  Speaker 3: on closer investigation, For in the end I find the
• 57:48
  Speaker 3: whole dream content carried out in the dream thoughts, nearly
• 57:52
  Speaker 3: all the dream thoughts again represented in the dream content. Nevertheless,
• 57:56
  Speaker 3: there does remain a certain amount of difference. The content
• 58:00
  Speaker 3: which stood out clearly and broadly in the dream must,
• 58:02
  Speaker 3: after analysis, rest satisfied with a very subordinate role among
• 58:07
  Speaker 3: the dream thoughts. These very dream thoughts, which, going by
• 58:11
  Speaker 3: my feelings, have a claim to the greatest importance, are
• 58:14
  Speaker 3: either not present at all in the dream content, or
• 58:17
  Speaker 3: are represented by some remote allusion in some obscure region
• 58:21
  Speaker 3: of the dream. I can thus describe these phenomena during
• 58:26
  Speaker 3: the dream work. The psychical intensity of those thoughts and
• 58:29
  Speaker 3: conceptions to which it properly pertains flows to others, which,
• 58:33
  Speaker 3: in my judgment, have no claim to such emphasis. There
• 58:38
  Speaker 3: is no other process which contributes so much to the
• 58:41
  Speaker 3: concealment of the dream's meaning and to make the connection
• 58:43
  Speaker 3: between the dream content and the dream ideas irreconcilable. During
• 58:49
  Speaker 3: this process, which I will call the dream displacement, I
• 58:53
  Speaker 3: notice also the psychical intensity, significance, or emotional nature of
• 58:57
  Speaker 3: the thoughts become transposed in sensory vividness. What was clearest
• 59:01
  Speaker 3: in the dream seems to me, without further consideration, the
• 59:03
  Speaker 3: most important, but often in some obscure element of the dream,
• 59:07
  Speaker 3: I can recognize the most direct offspring of the principal
• 59:10
  Speaker 3: dream thought. I could only designate this dream displacement as
• 59:16
  Speaker 3: the transvaluation of psychical values. The phenomena will not have
• 59:20
  Speaker 3: been considered in all its bearings unless I add that
• 59:23
  Speaker 3: this displacement or transvaluation is shared by different dreams in
• 59:27
  Speaker 3: extremely varying degrees. There are dreams which take place almost
• 59:31
  Speaker 3: without any displacement. These have the same time meaning and
• 59:35
  Speaker 3: intelligibility as we found in the dreams which recorded a desire.
• 59:40
  Speaker 3: In other dreams, not a bit of the dream idea
• 59:42
  Speaker 3: has retained its own psychical value, or everything essential in
• 59:46
  Speaker 3: these dream ideas has been replaced by unessentials, whilst every
• 59:50
  Speaker 3: kind of transition between these conditions can be found. The
• 59:54
  Speaker 3: more obscure and intricated dream is, the greater is the
• 59:56
  Speaker 3: part to be ascribed to the impetus of the displacement
• 1:00:01
  Speaker 3: in its formation. The example that we chose for analysis
• 1:00:05
  Speaker 3: shows that at least this much of the displacement, that
• 1:00:10
  Speaker 3: its context has a different center of interest from that
• 1:00:13
  Speaker 3: of the dream ideas. In the forefront of the dream content,
• 1:00:17
  Speaker 3: the main scene appears as if a woman wished to
• 1:00:19
  Speaker 3: make advances to me. In the dream idea, the chief
• 1:00:23
  Speaker 3: interest rests on the desire to enjoy disinterested love, which
• 1:00:27
  Speaker 3: shall cost nothing. This idea lies at the back of
• 1:00:30
  Speaker 3: the talk about the beautiful eyes and the far fetched
• 1:00:32
  Speaker 3: allusion to spinach. If we abolish the dream displacement, we
• 1:00:37
  Speaker 3: attain through analysis quite certain conclusions regarding the two problems
• 1:00:41
  Speaker 3: of the dream which are most disputed. As to what
• 1:00:44
  Speaker 3: provokes a dream at all, and as to the connection
• 1:00:46
  Speaker 3: of the dream with our waking life. There are dreams
• 1:00:50
  Speaker 3: which at once expose their links with the events of
• 1:00:52
  Speaker 3: the day, in others, no trace of such a connection
• 1:00:55
  Speaker 3: can be found. By the aid of analysis, it can
• 1:00:58
  Speaker 3: be shown that every dream, without exception, is linked up
• 1:01:02
  Speaker 3: with our impressions of the day, or perhaps it would
• 1:01:05
  Speaker 3: be more correct to say of the day previous to
• 1:01:07
  Speaker 3: the dream. The impressions which have incited the dream may
• 1:01:11
  Speaker 3: be so important that we are not surprised at our
• 1:01:14
  Speaker 3: being occupied with them whilst awake. In this case, we
• 1:01:18
  Speaker 3: are right in saying that the dream carries on the
• 1:01:20
  Speaker 3: chief interest of our waking life. More usually, however, when
• 1:01:25
  Speaker 3: the when the dream contains anything relating to the impressions
• 1:01:28
  Speaker 3: of the day, it is so trivial, unimportant, and so
• 1:01:31
  Speaker 3: deserving of oblivion that we can only recall it with
• 1:01:34
  Speaker 3: an effort. The dream content appears, then, even when can
• 1:01:38
  Speaker 3: coherent and intelligible, to be concerned with those indifferent trifles
• 1:01:42
  Speaker 3: of thought undeserving of our waking interest. The depreciation of
• 1:01:46
  Speaker 3: dreams is largely due to the predominance of the indifferent
• 1:01:49
  Speaker 3: and the worthless in their content. Analysis destroys the appearance
• 1:01:55
  Speaker 3: upon which this derogatory judgment is based discloses nothing but
• 1:02:01
  Speaker 3: some indifferent impression as instigating the dream. Analysis ever, indicates
• 1:02:06
  Speaker 3: some significant event which has been replaced by something indifferent,
• 1:02:09
  Speaker 3: with which it has entered into abundant associations where the
• 1:02:13
  Speaker 3: dream is concerned with uninteresting and unimportant conceptions. Analysis reveals
• 1:02:19
  Speaker 3: the numerous associative paths which connects the trivial with the momentous.
• 1:02:23
  Speaker 3: In the psychical estimation of the individual, it is only
• 1:02:27
  Speaker 3: the action of displacement if what is indifferent obtains recognition
• 1:02:32
  Speaker 3: in the dream content instead of those impressions which are
• 1:02:34
  Speaker 3: really the stimulus, or instead of the things of real interest.
• 1:02:39
  Speaker 3: In answering the question as to what provokes the dream
• 1:02:42
  Speaker 3: as to the connection of the dream in the daily troubles,
• 1:02:45
  Speaker 3: we must say, in terms of the insight given us
• 1:02:47
  Speaker 3: by replacing the manifest latent dream content, the dream does
• 1:02:51
  Speaker 3: never trouble itself about things which are not deserving of
• 1:02:53
  Speaker 3: our concern during the day, and trivialities which do not
• 1:02:57
  Speaker 3: trouble us during the day have no power to pursue
• 1:02:59
  Speaker 3: us while to sleep. What provoked the dream In the
• 1:03:03
  Speaker 3: example which we've analyzed the really unimportant event that a
• 1:03:07
  Speaker 3: friend invited me to a free ride in his cab.
• 1:03:10
  Speaker 3: The table d'Hote scene in the dream contains an allusion
• 1:03:14
  Speaker 3: to this indifferent motive, For in conversation I had brought
• 1:03:18
  Speaker 3: the taxi parallel with the table d'Hote. But I can
• 1:03:23
  Speaker 3: indicate the important event which has its substitute the trivial one.
• 1:03:27
  Speaker 3: A few days before I disputed a large sum of
• 1:03:29
  Speaker 3: money for a member of my family who is very
• 1:03:31
  Speaker 3: dear to me. Small wonder, says the dream thought. If
• 1:03:34
  Speaker 3: this person is grateful to me for this, this love
• 1:03:37
  Speaker 3: is not cost free, but love that shall cause nothing
• 1:03:40
  Speaker 3: is one of the prime thoughts of the dream. The
• 1:03:42
  Speaker 3: fact that shortly before this I had several drives with
• 1:03:46
  Speaker 3: the relative relative in question puts the one drive with
• 1:03:51
  Speaker 3: my friend in a position to recall the connection with
• 1:03:53
  Speaker 3: the other person. The indifferent impression, which by such ramifications
• 1:03:59
  Speaker 3: provokes the dream as subservient to another condition, which is
• 1:04:02
  Speaker 3: not true of the real source of the dream. The
• 1:04:04
  Speaker 3: impression must be a recent one, everything arising from the
• 1:04:07
  Speaker 3: day of the dream. I cannot leave the question of
• 1:04:10
  Speaker 3: dream displacement without the consideration of a remarkable process in
• 1:04:14
  Speaker 3: the formation of dreams, in which condensation and displacement work
• 1:04:18
  Speaker 3: together towards one end. In condensation, we have already considered
• 1:04:22
  Speaker 3: the case where two conceptions in the dream have something
• 1:04:24
  Speaker 3: in common. Some point of contact are replaced in the
• 1:04:27
  Speaker 3: dream content by a mixed image, where the distinct germ
• 1:04:31
  Speaker 3: corresponds to what is common and the indistinct secondary modifications
• 1:04:36
  Speaker 3: to what is distinctive. If displacement is added to condensation,
• 1:04:42
  Speaker 3: there is no formation of a mixed image, but a
• 1:04:44
  Speaker 3: common mean which bears the same relationship to the individual
• 1:04:48
  Speaker 3: elements as does the resultant in the parallelogram of forces
• 1:04:52
  Speaker 3: to its components. In one of my dreams, for instance,
• 1:04:57
  Speaker 3: there is talk of an injection with propyl. On first analysis,
• 1:05:03
  Speaker 3: I discovered an indifferent but true incident where Ammel played
• 1:05:07
  Speaker 3: a part as the excitant of the dream. I cannot
• 1:05:11
  Speaker 3: yet vindicate the exchange of amyl for propyl to the
• 1:05:15
  Speaker 3: round of ideas of the same dream. However, there belongs
• 1:05:18
  Speaker 3: to the recollection of my first visit to Munich when
• 1:05:22
  Speaker 3: the Propylaea struck me. The attendant circumstances of the analysis
• 1:05:26
  Speaker 3: render it admissible that the influence of this second group
• 1:05:29
  Speaker 3: of conceptions caused the displacement of amyl to propyl. Propyl is,
• 1:05:34
  Speaker 3: so to say, the mean idea between amyl and propyloia.
• 1:05:38
  Speaker 3: It got into the dream as a kind of compromise
• 1:05:40
  Speaker 3: by stimulus by simultaneous condensation and displacement. The need of
• 1:05:46
  Speaker 3: discovering some motive for this bewildering work of the dream
• 1:05:50
  Speaker 3: is more called for in the case of displacement than
• 1:05:53
  Speaker 3: in condensation, although the work of displacement must be held
• 1:05:57
  Speaker 3: mainly responsible if the dream thoughts are not refound or
• 1:06:00
  Speaker 3: recognized in the dream content, unless the motive of the
• 1:06:03
  Speaker 3: changes be guessed. It is another and milder kind of
• 1:06:07
  Speaker 3: transformation which will be considered with the dream thoughts, which
• 1:06:10
  Speaker 3: leads to the discovery of a new, but readily understood
• 1:06:13
  Speaker 3: act of dream work. The first dream thoughts, which are
• 1:06:18
  Speaker 3: unraveled by analysis frequently strike one by their unusual wording.
• 1:06:23
  Speaker 3: They do not appear to be expressed in the sober
• 1:06:25
  Speaker 3: form which our thinking prefers. Rather, they are expressed symbolically
• 1:06:29
  Speaker 3: by allegories and metaphors, like the figurative language of the poets.
• 1:06:34
  Speaker 3: It is not difficult to find the motives for this
• 1:06:37
  Speaker 3: degree of constraint in the expression of the dream ideas.
• 1:06:40
  Speaker 3: The dream content consists chiefly of visual scenes. Hence the
• 1:06:44
  Speaker 3: dream ideas must, in the first place be prepared to
• 1:06:47
  Speaker 3: make use of these forms of presentation. Conceive that a
• 1:06:50
  Speaker 3: political leaders or a Barrister's address had to be transposed
• 1:06:54
  Speaker 3: into pantomime, and it will be easy to understand the
• 1:06:57
  Speaker 3: transformations to which the dream work is construed by regard
• 1:07:01
  Speaker 3: for this dramatization of the dream content around the psychical
• 1:07:07
  Speaker 3: stuff of dream thoughts, there are ever found reminiscences of impressions,
• 1:07:10
  Speaker 3: not infrequently of early childhood scenes, which as a rule
• 1:07:14
  Speaker 3: have been visually grasped whenever possible. This portion of the
• 1:07:18
  Speaker 3: dream ideas exercises a definite influence upon the modeling of
• 1:07:22
  Speaker 3: the dream content. It works like a center of crystallization
• 1:07:25
  Speaker 3: by attracting and rearranging the stuff of dream thoughts. The
• 1:07:29
  Speaker 3: scene of the dream is not infrequently nothing but a
• 1:07:32
  Speaker 3: modified repetition, complicated by interpolations of events that have left
• 1:07:37
  Speaker 3: such an impression the dream, but very seldom reproduces accurate
• 1:07:41
  Speaker 3: and unmixed reproductions of real scenes. The dream content does not, however,
• 1:07:49
  Speaker 3: consist exclusively of scenes, but it also includes scattered fragments
• 1:07:53
  Speaker 3: of visual images, conversations, and even bits of unchanged thoughts.
• 1:07:58
  Speaker 3: It will be perhaps to the point if we instance
• 1:08:01
  Speaker 3: in the briefest way the means of dramatization which are
• 1:08:04
  Speaker 3: at the disposal of the dream work for the repetition
• 1:08:06
  Speaker 3: of the dream thoughts and the peculiar language of the dream.
• 1:08:12
  Speaker 3: The dream thoughts, which we learned from the analysis, exhibit
• 1:08:15
  Speaker 3: themselves as a psychical complex, the most un of the
• 1:08:18
  Speaker 3: most complicated superstructure. Their parts stand in the most diverse
• 1:08:22
  Speaker 3: relationship to each other. They form backgrounds and foregrounds, stipulations, digressions, illustrations,
• 1:08:28
  Speaker 3: demonstrations and protestations. It may be said to be almost
• 1:08:34
  Speaker 3: the rule that one train of thought is followed by
• 1:08:36
  Speaker 3: its contradictory. No feature known to our reason whilst awake
• 1:08:40
  Speaker 3: is absent. If a dream is to grow out of
• 1:08:42
  Speaker 3: all this, the psychical matter is submitted to a pressure
• 1:08:45
  Speaker 3: which condenses it extremely to an inner shrinking in displacement,
• 1:08:50
  Speaker 3: creating at the same time fresh surfaces to a selective
• 1:08:53
  Speaker 3: interweaving among the constituents best adapted for the construction of
• 1:08:57
  Speaker 3: these scenes. Having regard to the origin of this stuff,
• 1:09:01
  Speaker 3: the term regression can be fairly applied to this process.
• 1:09:05
  Speaker 3: The logical chains with which hitherto held the psychical stuff
• 1:09:10
  Speaker 3: together become lost in this transformation to the dream content.
• 1:09:15
  Speaker 3: The dream work takes on, as it were, only the
• 1:09:18
  Speaker 3: essential content of the dream thoughts for elaboration, it is
• 1:09:21
  Speaker 3: left of analysis to restore the connection which the dream
• 1:09:24
  Speaker 3: work has destroyed. The dream's means of expression must therefore
• 1:09:29
  Speaker 3: be regarded as meager in comparison with those of our imagination.
• 1:09:33
  Speaker 3: Though the dream does not renounce all claims to the
• 1:09:35
  Speaker 3: restitution of logical relation to dream thoughts, it rather succeeds
• 1:09:40
  Speaker 3: with tolerable frequency in replacing these by formal characters of
• 1:09:42
  Speaker 3: its own. By reason of the undoubted connection existing between
• 1:09:47
  Speaker 3: all parts of the dream thoughts, the dream is able
• 1:09:50
  Speaker 3: to embody this matter into a single scene. It upholds
• 1:09:53
  Speaker 3: a logical connection as approximation in time and space, just
• 1:09:57
  Speaker 3: as the painter who groups all the poets for his
• 1:09:59
  Speaker 3: picture ure of Parnassus, who, though they have never been
• 1:10:03
  Speaker 3: altogether on a mountain peak, yet form ideally a community.
• 1:10:07
  Speaker 3: The dream continues this method of presentation in individual dreams,
• 1:10:11
  Speaker 3: and often when it displays two elements close together in
• 1:10:13
  Speaker 3: the dream content, it warrants some special interconnection between what
• 1:10:17
  Speaker 3: they represent the dream thoughts. It should be moreover observed
• 1:10:22
  Speaker 3: that all the dreams of one night prove, on analysis
• 1:10:24
  Speaker 3: to originate from the same sphere of thought. The causal
• 1:10:28
  Speaker 3: connection between two ideas is either left without presentation, or
• 1:10:32
  Speaker 3: replaced by two different long portions of dreams, one after
• 1:10:36
  Speaker 3: the other. This presentation is frequently reversed, one the beginning
• 1:10:40
  Speaker 3: of the dream being the deduction, and its end the hypothesis.
• 1:10:46
  Speaker 3: The direct transformation of one thing into another in the
• 1:10:48
  Speaker 3: dream seems to serve the relationship of cause and effect.
• 1:10:52
  Speaker 3: The dream never utters the alternative either or, but accepts
• 1:10:56
  Speaker 3: both as having equal rights in the same connection. When
• 1:10:59
  Speaker 3: either or is used in the reproduction of dreams, it is,
• 1:11:02
  Speaker 3: as I have already mentioned, to be replaced by and
• 1:11:06
  Speaker 3: conceptions which stand in opposition to another are preferably expressed
• 1:11:10
  Speaker 3: in dreams by the same element. There seems no not
• 1:11:14
  Speaker 3: in dreams opposition between two ideas. The relation of conversation
• 1:11:18
  Speaker 3: is represented in dream in a very remarkable way, is
• 1:11:21
  Speaker 3: expressed by the reversal of another part of the dream content.
• 1:11:24
  Speaker 3: Just as if by a way of appendix, we shall
• 1:11:27
  Speaker 3: later on deal with another form of expressing disagreement. The
• 1:11:33
  Speaker 3: common dream sensation of movement checked serves the purpose of
• 1:11:36
  Speaker 3: representing disagreement of impulses, a conflict of the will. Only
• 1:11:41
  Speaker 3: one of the logical relationships, that of similarity. Identity agreement
• 1:11:45
  Speaker 3: is found highly developed in the mechanism of dream formation.
• 1:11:49
  Speaker 3: Dream work makes use of these cases at a starting
• 1:11:51
  Speaker 3: point for condensation, drawing together everything which shows such agreement
• 1:11:55
  Speaker 3: to a fresh unity. These short, crude observations naturally do
• 1:12:04
  Speaker 3: not suffice as an estimate of the abundance of the
• 1:12:06
  Speaker 3: dream's formal means of presenting the logical relationships of the
• 1:12:09
  Speaker 3: dream thoughts. In this respect, individual dreams are worked out
• 1:12:14
  Speaker 3: more nicely or more carelessly. Our text will have been
• 1:12:17
  Speaker 3: followed more or less closely. Auxiliaries of dream work will
• 1:12:21
  Speaker 3: have been taken more or less into consideration. In the
• 1:12:24
  Speaker 3: latter case, they appear obscure, intricate, incoherent. When the dream
• 1:12:28
  Speaker 3: appears openly absurd, when it contains an obvious paradox in
• 1:12:32
  Speaker 3: its content, it is so of purpose through its apparent
• 1:12:37
  Speaker 3: disregard of all logical claims it expresses a part of
• 1:12:40
  Speaker 3: the intellectual content of the dream. Ideas absurdity is in
• 1:12:44
  Speaker 3: the dream denotes disagreement to scorn disdained in the dream thoughts,
• 1:12:49
  Speaker 3: as this explanation is in entire disagreement with the view
• 1:12:52
  Speaker 3: that the dream owes its origin to dissociated uncritical cerebral activity.
• 1:12:58
  Speaker 3: I will emphasize my view by an example. One of
• 1:13:03
  Speaker 3: my acquaintances, mister M, has been attacked by no less
• 1:13:07
  Speaker 3: a person than Goeth in an essay with we all
• 1:13:10
  Speaker 3: maintain unwarrantable violence. Mister M has naturally been ruined by
• 1:13:14
  Speaker 3: this attack. He complains very bitterly of this at a
• 1:13:17
  Speaker 3: dinner party, but his respect for Goethe has not diminished
• 1:13:20
  Speaker 3: through this personal experience. I now attempt to clear up
• 1:13:24
  Speaker 3: the chronological relations which strike me as unimprobable. Goethe died
• 1:13:28
  Speaker 3: in eighteen thirty two, as his attack upon mister M
• 1:13:31
  Speaker 3: must of course have taken place before. Mister M must
• 1:13:36
  Speaker 3: have been then a very young man. It seems to
• 1:13:39
  Speaker 3: me plausible that he was eighteen. I am not certain, however,
• 1:13:43
  Speaker 3: what year we are actually in, and the whole calculation
• 1:13:46
  Speaker 3: falls into obscurity. The attack was moreover contained in Goeth's
• 1:13:50
  Speaker 3: well known essay on Nature. The absurdity of the dream
• 1:13:54
  Speaker 3: becomes more glaring when I state that mister M is
• 1:13:56
  Speaker 3: a young businessman without any poetical or literary interest. My
• 1:14:00
  Speaker 3: analysis of the dream will show what method there are
• 1:14:03
  Speaker 3: is in its madness. The dream has derived its material
• 1:14:07
  Speaker 3: from three sources. One mister M to whom I was
• 1:14:11
  Speaker 3: introduced at a dinner party, begged me one day to
• 1:14:13
  Speaker 3: examine his elder brother, who showed signs of mental trouble.
• 1:14:17
  Speaker 3: In conversation with the patient, an unpleasant episode occurred. Without
• 1:14:21
  Speaker 3: the slightest occasion, he disclosed one of his brother's youthful escapades.
• 1:14:26
  Speaker 3: I had asked the patient the year of his birth,
• 1:14:29
  Speaker 3: year of death in the dream, and led him to
• 1:14:32
  Speaker 3: various calculations which might show up his want of memory.
• 1:14:36
  Speaker 3: A medical journal which displayed my name among others on
• 1:14:39
  Speaker 3: the cover, had published a ruinous review of a book
• 1:14:42
  Speaker 3: by my friend F of Berlin, from the pen of
• 1:14:46
  Speaker 3: a very juvenile reviewer. I communicated with the editor, who
• 1:14:50
  Speaker 3: indeed expressed his regret, but would not promise any redress.
• 1:14:55
  Speaker 3: Thereupon I broke off my connection with the paper. In
• 1:14:59
  Speaker 3: my letter of resigna, I expressed the hope that our
• 1:15:01
  Speaker 3: personal relations would not suffer from this. Here is the
• 1:15:04
  Speaker 3: real source of the dream. The derogatory reception of my
• 1:15:07
  Speaker 3: friend's work had made a deep impression upon me. In
• 1:15:10
  Speaker 3: my judgment, it contained a fundamental biological discovery which only
• 1:15:15
  Speaker 3: now several years later, commences to find favor among the professors.
• 1:15:21
  Speaker 3: A little while before, a patient gave me the medical
• 1:15:23
  Speaker 3: history of her brother, who, exclaiming nature, nature had gone
• 1:15:27
  Speaker 3: out of his mind. The doctors considered that the exclamation
• 1:15:31
  Speaker 3: arose from a study of Goethe's Beautiful Essay, and indicated
• 1:15:34
  Speaker 3: the patient had been overworking. I expressed the opinion that
• 1:15:37
  Speaker 3: it seemed more plausible to me that the explanation exclamation
• 1:15:41
  Speaker 3: nature was to be taken in that sexual meaning known
• 1:15:44
  Speaker 3: also to the less educated in our country. It seemed
• 1:15:48
  Speaker 3: to me that this view had something in it, because
• 1:15:51
  Speaker 3: the unfortunate youth afterwards mutilated his genital organs. The patient
• 1:15:55
  Speaker 3: was eighteen years old when the attack occurred. The first
• 1:16:00
  Speaker 3: person in the dream thoughts behind the ego was my friend,
• 1:16:04
  Speaker 3: who had been so scandalously treated. I now attempted to
• 1:16:07
  Speaker 3: clear up the chronological relation. My friend's book deals with
• 1:16:12
  Speaker 3: the now, with the chronological relations of life, and, amongst
• 1:16:15
  Speaker 3: other things, correlates Go's duration of life with a number
• 1:16:18
  Speaker 3: of days, in many ways important to biology. The ego is, however,
• 1:16:23
  Speaker 3: represented as a general paralytic. I am not certain what
• 1:16:26
  Speaker 3: year we are actually in. The dream exhibits my friend
• 1:16:30
  Speaker 3: as behaving like a general paralytic and thus riots in absurdity.
• 1:16:34
  Speaker 3: But the dream runs the dream thoughts run ironically. Of course,
• 1:16:38
  Speaker 3: he is a madman, a fool, and you are the
• 1:16:40
  Speaker 3: genius who understands it all. But shouldn't it be the other
• 1:16:44
  Speaker 3: way around? This inversion obviously took place in the dream
• 1:16:47
  Speaker 3: when attacked the young man, which is absurd Whilst anyone,
• 1:16:51
  Speaker 3: however young, can today easily attack the great goeth. I
• 1:16:59
  Speaker 3: am prepared to make maintain that no dream is inspired
• 1:17:01
  Speaker 3: by other than egoistic emotions. The ego in the dream
• 1:17:05
  Speaker 3: does not indeed represent only my friend, but stands for myself. Also.
• 1:17:10
  Speaker 3: I identify myself with him because the fate of his
• 1:17:12
  Speaker 3: discovery appears to me typical of the acceptance of my own.
• 1:17:16
  Speaker 3: If I were to publish my own theory, which gives
• 1:17:19
  Speaker 3: sexuality predominance in the ideology of psychoerotic disorders see the
• 1:17:24
  Speaker 3: allusion to the eighteen year old patient nature nature, the
• 1:17:27
  Speaker 3: same criticism would be leveled at me, and it would
• 1:17:30
  Speaker 3: be it would even now meet with the same contempt.
• 1:17:35
  Speaker 3: When I follow out the dream thoughts closely, I ever
• 1:17:38
  Speaker 3: find only scorn and contempt as correlated with the dream's absurdity.
• 1:17:42
  Speaker 3: It is well known that the discovery of a cracked
• 1:17:44
  Speaker 3: sheep skull on the Alito in Venice gave Goethe the
• 1:17:47
  Speaker 3: hint for the so called vertebral theory of the skull.
• 1:17:50
  Speaker 3: My friend plumes himself on having, as a student raised
• 1:17:53
  Speaker 3: a hubbub for the resignation of an aged professor who
• 1:17:56
  Speaker 3: had done good work, including some in this very subject
• 1:17:59
  Speaker 3: of comparative an atom but who on account of decrepitude,
• 1:18:03
  Speaker 3: had become quite incapable of teaching. The agitation my friend
• 1:18:07
  Speaker 3: inspired was so successful because in the German universities an
• 1:18:10
  Speaker 3: age limit is not demanded for the academic work. Age
• 1:18:14
  Speaker 3: is no protection against folly in the hospital. Here I
• 1:18:18
  Speaker 3: had four years the honor to serve under a chief who,
• 1:18:20
  Speaker 3: long fossilized, was for descades stentoriously feeble minded, and yet
• 1:18:25
  Speaker 3: was permitted to continue in his responsible office, A trait
• 1:18:30
  Speaker 3: after the manner of the find in the Lado, forces
• 1:18:34
  Speaker 3: itself upon me. Here. It was to this man that
• 1:18:37
  Speaker 3: some youthful colleagues in the hospital adapted then the popular
• 1:18:41
  Speaker 3: slang of the day. No Goeth has written that no
• 1:18:44
  Speaker 3: Schiller composed that, etc. We have not exhausted our valuation
• 1:18:48
  Speaker 3: of the dream work. In addition to condensation, displacement and
• 1:18:52
  Speaker 3: the definite arrangement of the psychical matter, we must ascribe
• 1:18:55
  Speaker 3: to it yet another activity, one which is indeed not
• 1:18:59
  Speaker 3: shared by every dream. I shall not treat this position
• 1:19:02
  Speaker 3: of the dream work exhaustively. I will only point out
• 1:19:05
  Speaker 3: that the readiest way to arrive at a conception of
• 1:19:07
  Speaker 3: what it is to take for granted, probably unfairly, that
• 1:19:11
  Speaker 3: it only subsequently influences the dream content, which has already
• 1:19:14
  Speaker 3: been built up. Its mode of action thus consists in
• 1:19:19
  Speaker 3: so coordinating the parts of the dream that these coalesce
• 1:19:22
  Speaker 3: to a coherent whole. To a dream composition, the dream
• 1:19:26
  Speaker 3: gets a kind of facade which, it is true, does
• 1:19:29
  Speaker 3: not conceal the whole of its content. There is a
• 1:19:32
  Speaker 3: sort of preliminary explanation to be strengthened by interpolations and
• 1:19:37
  Speaker 3: slight alterations. Such elaborations of the dream content must not
• 1:19:41
  Speaker 3: be too pronounced. The misconception of the dream thoughts to
• 1:19:44
  Speaker 3: which it gives rise is merely superficial, and our first
• 1:19:48
  Speaker 3: piece of work in analyzing a dream is to get
• 1:19:50
  Speaker 3: rid of these early attempts at interpretation. The motives for
• 1:19:54
  Speaker 3: this part of the dream work are easily gauged. This
• 1:19:57
  Speaker 3: final elaboration of the dream is due to our regard
• 1:20:00
  Speaker 3: for intelligibility, a fact at once betraying the origin of
• 1:20:04
  Speaker 3: an action which behaves towards the actual dream content, just
• 1:20:08
  Speaker 3: as our normal psychical action behaves towards some proferred perception,
• 1:20:12
  Speaker 3: that is, to our liking. The dream content is thus
• 1:20:16
  Speaker 3: secured under the pretense of certain expectations, is perceptually classified
• 1:20:23
  Speaker 3: by the supposition of its intelligibility, thereby risking its falsification,
• 1:20:27
  Speaker 3: whilst in fact the most extraordinary misconceptions arise if the
• 1:20:32
  Speaker 3: dream can be correlated with nothing familiar. Everyone is aware
• 1:20:37
  Speaker 3: that we are unable to look at any series of
• 1:20:39
  Speaker 3: unfamiliar signs, or to listen to any discussion of unknown words,
• 1:20:43
  Speaker 3: without at once making perpetual changes through our regard for intelligibility,
• 1:20:49
  Speaker 3: through our falling back upon what is familiar. We can
• 1:20:53
  Speaker 3: call those dreams properly made up, which are the result
• 1:20:56
  Speaker 3: of an elaboration in every way analogous to the psychical
• 1:20:59
  Speaker 3: action of our waking life. In other dreams, there is
• 1:21:03
  Speaker 3: no such action, not even an attempt is made to
• 1:21:07
  Speaker 3: bring about order and meaning. We regard the dream as
• 1:21:09
  Speaker 3: quite mad, because on awaking. It is this last named
• 1:21:12
  Speaker 3: part of the dream work, the dream elaboration, that we
• 1:21:15
  Speaker 3: identify ourselves. So far, However, as our analysis is concerned,
• 1:21:20
  Speaker 3: the dream, which resembles a medley of disconnected fragments, is
• 1:21:23
  Speaker 3: of as much value as the one with a smooth
• 1:21:25
  Speaker 3: and beautifully polished surface. In the former case, we are
• 1:21:29
  Speaker 3: spared to some extent the trouble of breaking down the
• 1:21:31
  Speaker 3: super elaboration of the dream content. All the same, it
• 1:21:36
  Speaker 3: would be an error to see in the dream facade
• 1:21:38
  Speaker 3: nothing but the misunderstood and somewhat arbitrary elaboration of the
• 1:21:41
  Speaker 3: dream carried out at the instance of our psychical life.
• 1:21:46
  Speaker 3: Wishes and fantasies are not infrequently employed in the erection
• 1:21:49
  Speaker 3: of this facade, which were already fashioned in the dream thoughts.
• 1:21:53
  Speaker 3: They are akin to those of waking life day dreams,
• 1:21:56
  Speaker 3: as they are very properly called. These wishes and fantasies,
• 1:22:00
  Speaker 3: which analysis discloses in our dreams at night, often present
• 1:22:03
  Speaker 3: themselves as repetitions and refashionings of the scenes of infancy. Thus,
• 1:22:08
  Speaker 3: the dream facad may show us directly the true core
• 1:22:11
  Speaker 3: of the dream, distorted through admixture with other matter. Beyond
• 1:22:16
  Speaker 3: these four activities, there is nothing else to be discovered
• 1:22:18
  Speaker 3: in the dream work. If we keep closely to the
• 1:22:21
  Speaker 3: definition that dream work denotes the transference of dream thoughts
• 1:22:24
  Speaker 3: to dream content, we are compelled to say that the
• 1:22:27
  Speaker 3: dream work is not creative. It develops no fancies of
• 1:22:31
  Speaker 3: its own. It judges nothing, decides nothing. It does nothing
• 1:22:35
  Speaker 3: but prepare the matter for condensation and displacement, and refashions
• 1:22:39
  Speaker 3: it for dramatization, to which must be added to the
• 1:22:43
  Speaker 3: inconstant last named mechanism, that of explanatory elaboration. It is
• 1:22:49
  Speaker 3: true that a good deal is found in the dream content,
• 1:22:51
  Speaker 3: which might be understood as the result of another and
• 1:22:54
  Speaker 3: more intellectual performance. But analysis shows conclusively every time that
• 1:22:58
  Speaker 3: these intellectual operations were all present in the dream thoughts
• 1:23:01
  Speaker 3: and have only been taken over by the dream content.
• 1:23:05
  Speaker 3: A syllogism in the dream is nothing other than the
• 1:23:07
  Speaker 3: repetition of a syllogism in the dream thoughts. It seems
• 1:23:11
  Speaker 3: inoffensive if it has been transferred to the dream without alteration.
• 1:23:16
  Speaker 3: It becomes absurd if in the dream work it has
• 1:23:18
  Speaker 3: been transferred to other matter. A calculation in the dream
• 1:23:22
  Speaker 3: content simply means that there is a calculation the dream thoughts.
• 1:23:26
  Speaker 3: Whilst this is always correct, the calculation in the dream
• 1:23:28
  Speaker 3: can furnish the silliest results by the condensation of its
• 1:23:32
  Speaker 3: factors and the displacement of the same operations to other things.
• 1:23:36
  Speaker 3: Even speeches which are found other in the dream content
• 1:23:39
  Speaker 3: are not new compositions. They prove to be pieced together
• 1:23:43
  Speaker 3: out of speeches which have been made, or heard or read.
• 1:23:46
  Speaker 3: The words are faithfully copied, but the occasion of their
• 1:23:50
  Speaker 3: utterance is quite overlooked, and their meaning is most violently changed.
• 1:23:55
  Speaker 3: It is perhaps not superfluous to support these assertions by examples.
• 1:24:01
  Speaker 3: One a seemingly inoffensive, well made dream of a patient.
• 1:24:06
  Speaker 3: She was going to market with her cook, who carried
• 1:24:08
  Speaker 3: the basket. The butcher said to her when she asked
• 1:24:11
  Speaker 3: him for something, that is all gone, and wished to
• 1:24:14
  Speaker 3: give her something else, remarking that's very good. She declines
• 1:24:19
  Speaker 3: and goes to the greengrocer, who wants to sell her
• 1:24:22
  Speaker 3: a peculiar vegetable which is bound up in bundles and
• 1:24:25
  Speaker 3: of a black color. She says, I don't know that,
• 1:24:28
  Speaker 3: I won't take it. The remark that is all gone
• 1:24:31
  Speaker 3: arose from the treatment a few days before, I said
• 1:24:34
  Speaker 3: myself to the patient that the earliest reminiscences of childhood
• 1:24:37
  Speaker 3: are all gone as such, but are replaced by transferences
• 1:24:40
  Speaker 3: and dreams. Thus I am the butcher. The second remark
• 1:24:45
  Speaker 3: I don't know arose in a very different connection the
• 1:24:47
  Speaker 3: day before she had herself called out in rebuke to
• 1:24:50
  Speaker 3: the cook, who moreover also appears in the dream. Behave
• 1:24:53
  Speaker 3: yourself properly. I don't know that. That is, I don't
• 1:24:56
  Speaker 3: know this kind of behavior. I won't have it. The
• 1:24:59
  Speaker 3: more a harmless portion of this speech was arrived at
• 1:25:02
  Speaker 3: by a displacement of the dream content in the dream thoughts.
• 1:25:05
  Speaker 3: Only the other portion of the speech played a part,
• 1:25:08
  Speaker 3: because the dream work changed in imaginary situation into utterly
• 1:25:13
  Speaker 3: irrecognizable and complete inoffensiveness. While in a certain sense I
• 1:25:19
  Speaker 3: behave in an unseemly way to the lady. The situation
• 1:25:23
  Speaker 3: resulting in this fantasy, however, is nothing but a new
• 1:25:26
  Speaker 3: edition of one that actually took place. Two. A dream,
• 1:25:31
  Speaker 3: apparently meaningless, relates to figures. She wants to pay something.
• 1:25:34
  Speaker 3: Her daughter takes her Florins sixty five cruisers out of
• 1:25:37
  Speaker 3: her purse, but she says, what are you doing it
• 1:25:40
  Speaker 3: only costs twenty one cruisers. The dreamer was a stranger
• 1:25:43
  Speaker 3: who had placed her child at school in Vienna, and
• 1:25:46
  Speaker 3: who was able to continue under my treatment so long
• 1:25:48
  Speaker 3: as her daughter remained in Vienna. The day before the dream,
• 1:25:53
  Speaker 3: the directress of the school had recommended her to keep
• 1:25:55
  Speaker 3: the child another year at school. In this case, she
• 1:25:58
  Speaker 3: would have been able to prolong her treatment by one year.
• 1:26:01
  Speaker 3: The figures in the dream become important if it to
• 1:26:03
  Speaker 3: be remembered that time is money. One year equals three
• 1:26:06
  Speaker 3: hundred and sixty five days, or expressed in cruisers three
• 1:26:09
  Speaker 3: hundred and sixty five kruzers, which is three florins sixty
• 1:26:13
  Speaker 3: five cruisers. The twenty one cruisers correspond with the three
• 1:26:16
  Speaker 3: weeks which remained from the day of the dream to
• 1:26:18
  Speaker 3: the end of the school term, unless to the end
• 1:26:20
  Speaker 3: of the treatment. It was obviously financial considerations which had
• 1:26:24
  Speaker 3: moved the lady to refuse the proposal of the directress,
• 1:26:27
  Speaker 3: and which were answerable for the triviality of the amount
• 1:26:30
  Speaker 3: of the dream. Example three, a lady, young but already
• 1:26:36
  Speaker 3: ten years married, heard that a friend of hers, miss
• 1:26:39
  Speaker 3: Elise l of about the same age, had become engaged.
• 1:26:42
  Speaker 3: This gave rise to the following dream. She was sitting
• 1:26:46
  Speaker 3: with her husband in the theater. The one side of
• 1:26:48
  Speaker 3: the stalls was quite empty. Her husband tells her elise
• 1:26:52
  Speaker 3: L and her fiance had intended coming, but could only
• 1:26:56
  Speaker 3: get some cheap seats three for one florin fifty kreuzers,
• 1:26:59
  Speaker 3: and these they would not take. In her opinion, that
• 1:27:02
  Speaker 3: would not have mattered very much. The origin of the
• 1:27:06
  Speaker 3: figures from the matter of the dream thoughts, and the
• 1:27:08
  Speaker 3: changes the figures underwent are of interest. Whence came the
• 1:27:13
  Speaker 3: one florin fifty kreuzers from a trifling occurrence of the
• 1:27:16
  Speaker 3: previous day, Her sister in law had received one hundred
• 1:27:19
  Speaker 3: and fifty florins as a present from her husband, and
• 1:27:22
  Speaker 3: had quickly got rid of it by buying some ornament.
• 1:27:25
  Speaker 3: Note that one hundred and fifty florins is one hundred
• 1:27:28
  Speaker 3: times one florin fifty kreuzers. For the three concerned with
• 1:27:31
  Speaker 3: the tickets. The only link is that elise L is
• 1:27:34
  Speaker 3: exactly three months younger than the dreamer. The scene in
• 1:27:38
  Speaker 3: the dream is the repetition of a little adventure for
• 1:27:40
  Speaker 3: which she has often been teased by her husband. She
• 1:27:43
  Speaker 3: was once in a great hurry to get tickets in
• 1:27:45
  Speaker 3: time for a peace, And when she came to the theater,
• 1:27:48
  Speaker 3: one side of the stalls was almost empty. It was
• 1:27:51
  Speaker 3: therefore quite unnecessary for her to have been in such
• 1:27:53
  Speaker 3: a hurry. Nor must we overlook the absurdity of the
• 1:27:58
  Speaker 3: dream that two persons should take three tickets for the theater.
• 1:28:03
  Speaker 3: Now for the dream ideas, it was stupid to have
• 1:28:05
  Speaker 3: married so early, I need not have been in so
• 1:28:08
  Speaker 3: great a hurry. Elise L's example shows me that I
• 1:28:12
  Speaker 3: should have been able to get a husband later, indeed
• 1:28:15
  Speaker 3: one a hundred times better. If I had but waited,
• 1:28:18
  Speaker 3: I could have bought three such men with the money Dowry.
• 1:28:26
  Speaker 3: End of section.
• 1:28:28
  Speaker 4: Chapter three. Why the dream disguises the desires? In the
• 1:28:36
  Speaker 4: foregoing exposition, we have now learnt something of the dream work.
• 1:28:41
  Speaker 4: We must regard it as a quite special psychical process, which,
• 1:28:46
  Speaker 4: so far as we are aware, resembles nothing else. To
• 1:28:50
  Speaker 4: The dream work has been transferred to that bewilderment which
• 1:28:54
  Speaker 4: its product, the dream, has aroused in us. In truth,
• 1:28:59
  Speaker 4: the dream work work is only the first recognition of
• 1:29:02
  Speaker 4: a group of psychical processes to which must be referred
• 1:29:05
  Speaker 4: to the origin of hysterical symptoms, the ideas of morbid dread,
• 1:29:10
  Speaker 4: obsession and delusion, condensation, and especially displacement and never failing
• 1:29:17
  Speaker 4: features in these other processes. The regard for appearance remains,
• 1:29:23
  Speaker 4: on the other hand, peculiar to the dream work. If
• 1:29:27
  Speaker 4: this explanation brings the dream into line with the formation
• 1:29:31
  Speaker 4: of psychical disease, it becomes the more important to fathom
• 1:29:35
  Speaker 4: the essential conditions of processes like dream building. It will
• 1:29:40
  Speaker 4: be probably a surprise to hear that neither the state
• 1:29:44
  Speaker 4: of sleep nor illness is among the indispensable conditions. A
• 1:29:49
  Speaker 4: whole number of phenomena of the everyday life of healthy persons, forgetfulness,
• 1:29:55
  Speaker 4: slips in speaking and in holding things together with a
• 1:29:59
  Speaker 4: certain class of minsas mis are due to a psychical
• 1:30:02
  Speaker 4: mechanism analogous to that of the dream and the other
• 1:30:05
  Speaker 4: members of this group. Displacement is the core of the
• 1:30:12
  Speaker 4: problem and the most striking of all the dream performances.
• 1:30:17
  Speaker 4: A thorough investigation of the subject shows that the essential
• 1:30:21
  Speaker 4: condition of a displacement is purely psychological. It is in
• 1:30:25
  Speaker 4: the nature of a motive we get on the track
• 1:30:29
  Speaker 4: by thrashing out experiences which one cannot avoid. In the
• 1:30:33
  Speaker 4: analysis of dreams. I had to break off the relations
• 1:30:37
  Speaker 4: of my dream thoughts in the Analysis of my dream
• 1:30:40
  Speaker 4: on page eight, because I found some experiences which I
• 1:30:44
  Speaker 4: do not wish strangers to know, and which I could
• 1:30:47
  Speaker 4: not relate without serious damage to important considerations. I added,
• 1:30:54
  Speaker 4: it would be no use were I to select another
• 1:30:56
  Speaker 4: instead of that particular dream. In every dream, whether content
• 1:31:01
  Speaker 4: is obscure or intricate, I should hit upon dream thoughts
• 1:31:05
  Speaker 4: which call for secrecy. If, however, I continue the analysis
• 1:31:10
  Speaker 4: for myself without regard to those others, for whom, indeed
• 1:31:15
  Speaker 4: so personal an event as my dream cannot matter, I
• 1:31:19
  Speaker 4: arrive finally at ideas which surprise me, which I have
• 1:31:23
  Speaker 4: not known to be mine, which not only appear foreign
• 1:31:27
  Speaker 4: to me, but which are unpleasant, and which I would
• 1:31:30
  Speaker 4: like to oppose vehemently. Whilst the chain of ideas running
• 1:31:34
  Speaker 4: through the analysis intrudes upon me inexorably, I can only
• 1:31:40
  Speaker 4: take these circumstances into account by admitting that these thoughts
• 1:31:45
  Speaker 4: are actually part of my psychical life, possessing a certain
• 1:31:49
  Speaker 4: psychical intensity or energy. However, by virtue of a particular
• 1:31:56
  Speaker 4: psychological condition, the thoughts could not become conscious to me.
• 1:32:01
  Speaker 4: I call this particular condition repression. It is therefore impossible
• 1:32:07
  Speaker 4: for me not to recognize some casual relationship between the
• 1:32:12
  Speaker 4: obscurity of the dream content and this state of repression,
• 1:32:16
  Speaker 4: this incapacity of consciousness. Whence I conclude that the cause
• 1:32:22
  Speaker 4: of the obscurity is the desire to conceal these thoughts.
• 1:32:27
  Speaker 4: Thus I arrive at the conception of the dream distortion
• 1:32:30
  Speaker 4: as the deed of the dream work, and of displacement
• 1:32:33
  Speaker 4: serving to disguise this object. I will test this in
• 1:32:39
  Speaker 4: my own dream and ask myself, what is the thought which,
• 1:32:45
  Speaker 4: quite innocuous in its distorted form, provokes my liveliest opposition
• 1:32:49
  Speaker 4: in its real form. I remember that the free drive
• 1:32:54
  Speaker 4: reminded me of the last expensive drive with a member
• 1:32:57
  Speaker 4: of my family. The interpreter of the dream being I
• 1:33:02
  Speaker 4: should for once like to experience affection for which I
• 1:33:05
  Speaker 4: should not have to pay, and that shortly before the
• 1:33:09
  Speaker 4: dream I had to make a heavy disbursement for this
• 1:33:12
  Speaker 4: very person. In this connection, I cannot get away from
• 1:33:17
  Speaker 4: the thought that I regret this disbursement. It is only
• 1:33:21
  Speaker 4: when I acknowledge this feeling that there is any sense
• 1:33:24
  Speaker 4: in my wishing in the dream for an affection that
• 1:33:27
  Speaker 4: should entail no outlay, And yet I can state on
• 1:33:31
  Speaker 4: my honor that I did not hesitate for a moment
• 1:33:34
  Speaker 4: when it became necessary to expend that sum. The regret
• 1:33:39
  Speaker 4: the countercurrent was unconscious to me. Why it was unconscious
• 1:33:46
  Speaker 4: is quite another question which would lead us far away
• 1:33:49
  Speaker 4: from the answer, which, though within my knowledge, belongs elsewhere.
• 1:33:56
  Speaker 4: If I subject the dream of another person instead of
• 1:33:59
  Speaker 4: one of my own to analysis, the result is the same.
• 1:34:03
  Speaker 4: The motives for convincing others is, however, changed. In the
• 1:34:09
  Speaker 4: dream of a healthy person, the only way for me
• 1:34:12
  Speaker 4: to enable him to accept this repressed idea is the
• 1:34:15
  Speaker 4: coherence of the dream thoughts. He is at liberty to
• 1:34:19
  Speaker 4: reject this explanation. But if we are dealing with a
• 1:34:23
  Speaker 4: person suffering from any neurosis save from hysteria, the recognition
• 1:34:28
  Speaker 4: of these repressed ideas is compulsory by reason of their
• 1:34:32
  Speaker 4: connection with the symptoms of his illness, and of the
• 1:34:35
  Speaker 4: improvement resulting from exchanging the symptoms for the repressed ideas.
• 1:34:42
  Speaker 4: Take the patient from whom I got the last dream
• 1:34:44
  Speaker 4: about the three tickets for one florin fifty Koiters. Analysis
• 1:34:50
  Speaker 4: shows that she does not think highly of her husband,
• 1:34:53
  Speaker 4: that she regrets having married him, that she would be
• 1:34:56
  Speaker 4: glad to change him for someone else. It is it's
• 1:35:00
  Speaker 4: true that she maintains that she loves her husband, that
• 1:35:03
  Speaker 4: her emotional life knows nothing about this depreciation a hundred
• 1:35:08
  Speaker 4: times better. But all her symptoms lead to the same
• 1:35:12
  Speaker 4: conclusion as this dream. When her repressed memories had rewakened
• 1:35:17
  Speaker 4: a certain period when she was conscious that she did
• 1:35:19
  Speaker 4: not love her husband, her symptoms disappeared, and therewith disappeared
• 1:35:25
  Speaker 4: her resistance to the interpretation of the dream. This conception
• 1:35:31
  Speaker 4: of repression, once fixed, together with the distortion of the
• 1:35:35
  Speaker 4: dream in relation to repressed psychical matter, we are in
• 1:35:39
  Speaker 4: a position to give a general exposition of the principal
• 1:35:42
  Speaker 4: results which the analysis of dreams supplies. We learnt that
• 1:35:47
  Speaker 4: the most intelligible and meaningful dreams are unrealized desires. The
• 1:35:53
  Speaker 4: desires they pictured as realized unknown to consciousness, have been
• 1:35:57
  Speaker 4: held over from the daytime anne and are of absorbing interest.
• 1:36:03
  Speaker 4: The analysis of obscure and intricate dreams discloses something very similar.
• 1:36:09
  Speaker 4: The dream scene again pictures as realized some desire which
• 1:36:13
  Speaker 4: regularly proceeds from the dream ideas, but the picture is
• 1:36:16
  Speaker 4: unrecognizable and is only cleared up in the analysis. The
• 1:36:21
  Speaker 4: desire itself is either one repressed foreign to consciousness, or
• 1:36:27
  Speaker 4: it is closely bound up with repressed ideas. The formula
• 1:36:32
  Speaker 4: for these dreams may be thus stated. They are concealed
• 1:36:36
  Speaker 4: realizations of repressed desires. It is interesting to note that
• 1:36:42
  Speaker 4: they are right who regard the dream as foretelling the future,
• 1:36:47
  Speaker 4: although the future which the dream shows us is not
• 1:36:50
  Speaker 4: that which will occur, but that which we would like
• 1:36:52
  Speaker 4: to occur. Folk psychology precedes here according to its wont
• 1:36:57
  Speaker 4: it believes what it wishes to believe. Dreams can be
• 1:37:03
  Speaker 4: divided into three classes according to their relation towards the
• 1:37:08
  Speaker 4: realization of desire. Firstly come those which exhibit a non repressed,
• 1:37:14
  Speaker 4: non concealed desire. These are dreams of the infantile type,
• 1:37:18
  Speaker 4: becoming ever rarer among adults. Secondly, dreams which express in
• 1:37:24
  Speaker 4: veiled form some repressed desire. These constitute by far the
• 1:37:29
  Speaker 4: larger number of our dreams, and they require analysis for
• 1:37:32
  Speaker 4: their understanding. Thirdly, these dreams where repression exists but without
• 1:37:40
  Speaker 4: or with but slight concealment. These dreams are invariably accompanied
• 1:37:46
  Speaker 4: by a feeling of dread. Which brings the dream to
• 1:37:48
  Speaker 4: an end. This feeling of dread here replaces dream displacement
• 1:37:54
  Speaker 4: are regarded the dream work as having prevented this. In
• 1:37:57
  Speaker 4: the dream of the second class, it is not very
• 1:38:01
  Speaker 4: difficult to prove that what is now present as intense
• 1:38:04
  Speaker 4: dread in the dream was once desire and is now
• 1:38:08
  Speaker 4: secondary to the repression. There are also definite dreams with
• 1:38:15
  Speaker 4: a painful content, without the presence of any anxiety in
• 1:38:18
  Speaker 4: the dream. These cannot be reckoned among dreams of dread.
• 1:38:23
  Speaker 4: They have, however, always been used to prove the unimportance
• 1:38:27
  Speaker 4: and the psychical futility of dreams. An analysis of such
• 1:38:31
  Speaker 4: an example will show that it belongs to our second
• 1:38:34
  Speaker 4: class of dreams, a perfectly concealed realization of repressed desires.
• 1:38:40
  Speaker 4: Analysis will demonstrate at the same time how excellently adapted
• 1:38:44
  Speaker 4: is the work of displacement to the concealment of desires.
• 1:38:50
  Speaker 4: A girl dreamt that she saw lying dead before her
• 1:38:54
  Speaker 4: the only surviving child of her sister, amid the same
• 1:38:58
  Speaker 4: surroundings as a few years before she saw the first
• 1:39:01
  Speaker 4: child lying dead. She was not sensible of any pain,
• 1:39:06
  Speaker 4: but naturally combated the view that the scene represented a
• 1:39:09
  Speaker 4: desire of hers, nor was that view necessary. Years ago,
• 1:39:16
  Speaker 4: it was at the funeral of the child that she
• 1:39:18
  Speaker 4: had last seen and spoken to the man that she loved.
• 1:39:22
  Speaker 4: Where the second child to die, she would be sure
• 1:39:25
  Speaker 4: to meet this man again in her sister's house. She
• 1:39:29
  Speaker 4: is longing to meet him, but struggles against this feeling.
• 1:39:33
  Speaker 4: The day of the dream, she had taken a ticket
• 1:39:35
  Speaker 4: for a lecture which announced the presence of the man
• 1:39:39
  Speaker 4: she always loved. The dream is simply a dream of impatience,
• 1:39:43
  Speaker 4: common to those which happened before a journey theater, or
• 1:39:47
  Speaker 4: simply anticipated pleasures. The longing is concealed by the shifting
• 1:39:52
  Speaker 4: of the scene to the occasion where any joyous feeling
• 1:39:55
  Speaker 4: were out of place, and yet where it did once exist.
• 1:40:00
  Speaker 4: Note further that the emotional behavior in the dream is
• 1:40:03
  Speaker 4: adapted not to the displaced but to the real but
• 1:40:07
  Speaker 4: suppressed dream ideas. The scene anticipates the long hoped for meeting.
• 1:40:14
  Speaker 4: There is here no call for painful emotions. There has
• 1:40:19
  Speaker 4: hitherto been no occasion for philosophers to bestir themselves with
• 1:40:23
  Speaker 4: a psychology of repression. We must be allowed to construct
• 1:40:28
  Speaker 4: some clear conception as to the origin of dreams. As
• 1:40:32
  Speaker 4: the first steps in this unknown territory. The scheme which
• 1:40:37
  Speaker 4: we have formulated not only from a study of dreams,
• 1:40:40
  Speaker 4: is it is true, already somewhat complicated, but we cannot
• 1:40:45
  Speaker 4: find any simpler one that will suffice. We hold that
• 1:40:49
  Speaker 4: our psychical apparatus contains two procedures for the construction of thoughts.
• 1:40:55
  Speaker 4: The second one has the advantage that its products find
• 1:40:58
  Speaker 4: an open path to conciousness, while the activity of the
• 1:41:02
  Speaker 4: first procedure is unknown to itself and can only arrive
• 1:41:06
  Speaker 4: at consciousness through the second one. At the borderland of
• 1:41:11
  Speaker 4: these two procedures, where the first passes over into the second,
• 1:41:16
  Speaker 4: a censorship is established, which only passes what pleases it,
• 1:41:20
  Speaker 4: keeping back everything else. That which is rejected by the
• 1:41:24
  Speaker 4: censorship is, according to our definition, in a state of repression.
• 1:41:31
  Speaker 4: Under certain conditions, one of which is the sleeping state,
• 1:41:35
  Speaker 4: the balance of power between the two procedures is so
• 1:41:38
  Speaker 4: changed that what is repressed can no longer be kept back.
• 1:41:44
  Speaker 4: In the sleeping state. This may possibly occur through the
• 1:41:47
  Speaker 4: negligence of the censor. What has been hitherto repressed will
• 1:41:51
  Speaker 4: now succeed in finding its way to consciousness. But as
• 1:41:55
  Speaker 4: the censorship is never absent, but merely off guard. Certain
• 1:41:59
  Speaker 4: altars must be conceded so as to plicate it. It
• 1:42:04
  Speaker 4: is a compromise which becomes conscious, in this case, a
• 1:42:07
  Speaker 4: compromise between what one procedure has in view and the
• 1:42:11
  Speaker 4: demands of the other repression, laxity of the censor compromise.
• 1:42:18
  Speaker 4: This is the foundation for the origin of many another
• 1:42:21
  Speaker 4: psychological process, just as it is for the dream. In
• 1:42:26
  Speaker 4: such compromises we can observe the processes of condensation, of displacement,
• 1:42:31
  Speaker 4: the acceptance of superficial associations which we have found in
• 1:42:36
  Speaker 4: the dream work. It is not for us to deny
• 1:42:40
  Speaker 4: the demonic element which has played a part in constructing
• 1:42:44
  Speaker 4: our explanation of dream work. The impression left is that
• 1:42:48
  Speaker 4: the formation of obscure dreams proceeds as if a person
• 1:42:52
  Speaker 4: had something to say which must be agreeable for another
• 1:42:55
  Speaker 4: person upon whom he is dependent to hear. It is
• 1:43:00
  Speaker 4: by the use of this image that we figure to
• 1:43:02
  Speaker 4: ourselves the conception of the dream distortion and of the censorship,
• 1:43:07
  Speaker 4: and ventured to crystallize our impression in a rather crude
• 1:43:11
  Speaker 4: but at least definite psychological theory. Whatever explanation the future
• 1:43:17
  Speaker 4: may offer of these first and second procedures, we shall
• 1:43:21
  Speaker 4: expect a confirmation of our correlate that the second procedure
• 1:43:25
  Speaker 4: commands the entrance to consciousness and can exclude the first
• 1:43:29
  Speaker 4: from consciousness. Once the sleeping state overcome, the censorship resumes
• 1:43:36
  Speaker 4: complete sway and is now able to revoke that which
• 1:43:40
  Speaker 4: was granted in a moment of weakness. That the forgetting
• 1:43:44
  Speaker 4: of dreams explains this in part, at least, we are
• 1:43:47
  Speaker 4: convinced by our experience, confirmed again and again. During the
• 1:43:53
  Speaker 4: relation of a dream or during analysis of one, it
• 1:43:56
  Speaker 4: not infrequently happens that some fragment of the dream is
• 1:44:00
  Speaker 4: suddenly forgotten. This fragment so forgotten invariably contains the best
• 1:44:06
  Speaker 4: and readiest approach to an understanding of the dream. Probably
• 1:44:11
  Speaker 4: that is why it sinks into oblivion, i e. Into
• 1:44:14
  Speaker 4: a renewed suppression. Viewing the dream content as the representation
• 1:44:21
  Speaker 4: of a realized desire, and referring its vagueness to the
• 1:44:24
  Speaker 4: changes made by the censor in the repressed matter, it
• 1:44:28
  Speaker 4: is no longer difficult to grasp the function of dreams.
• 1:44:32
  Speaker 4: In fundamental contrast with those sores which assume that sleep
• 1:44:36
  Speaker 4: is disturbed by dreams, we hold the dream as the
• 1:44:39
  Speaker 4: guardian of sleep. So far as children's dreams are concerned,
• 1:44:44
  Speaker 4: our view should find ready acceptance. The sleeping state or
• 1:44:50
  Speaker 4: the psychical changed to sleep, whatsoever it be, is brought
• 1:44:54
  Speaker 4: about by the child being sent to sleep or compelled
• 1:44:58
  Speaker 4: thereto by fatigue, only assisted by the removal of all
• 1:45:01
  Speaker 4: stimuli which might open other objects to the psychical apparatus.
• 1:45:07
  Speaker 4: The means which serve to keep external stimuli distant unknown.
• 1:45:11
  Speaker 4: But what are the means we can employ to depress
• 1:45:14
  Speaker 4: the internal psychical stimuli which frustrates sleep. Look at a
• 1:45:19
  Speaker 4: mother getting her child to sleep. The child is full
• 1:45:23
  Speaker 4: of beseeching, he wants another kiss, he wants to play,
• 1:45:26
  Speaker 4: yet awhile his requirements are in part met, in part
• 1:45:31
  Speaker 4: drastically put off till the following day. Clearly, these desires
• 1:45:36
  Speaker 4: and needs which agitate him are hindrances to sleep. Everyone
• 1:45:42
  Speaker 4: knows the charming story of the bad boy Baldwin Grollers,
• 1:45:46
  Speaker 4: who awoke at night bellowing out, I want the rhinoceros.
• 1:45:51
  Speaker 4: A really good boy instead of bellowing, would have dreamt
• 1:45:55
  Speaker 4: that he was playing with the rhinoceros. Because the dream,
• 1:45:59
  Speaker 4: which really as his desire is believed during sleep, it
• 1:46:03
  Speaker 4: removes the desire and makes sleep possible. It cannot be
• 1:46:08
  Speaker 4: denied that this belief accords with the dream image, because
• 1:46:11
  Speaker 4: it is a arrayed in the psychical appearance of probability.
• 1:46:15
  Speaker 4: The child is without the capacity which it will acquire
• 1:46:18
  Speaker 4: later to distinguish hallucinations or phantasies from reality. The adult
• 1:46:26
  Speaker 4: has learnt this differentiation. He has also learned the futility
• 1:46:31
  Speaker 4: of desire, and by continuous practice, manages to postpone his
• 1:46:36
  Speaker 4: aspirations until they can be granted in some roundabout method
• 1:46:40
  Speaker 4: by a change in the external world. For this reason,
• 1:46:44
  Speaker 4: it is rare for him to have his wishes realized
• 1:46:47
  Speaker 4: during sleep in the short psychical way. It is even
• 1:46:52
  Speaker 4: possible that this never happens, and that everything which appears
• 1:46:56
  Speaker 4: to us like a child's dream demands a much more
• 1:46:58
  Speaker 4: elaborate explanation. Thus it is that for adults, for every
• 1:47:04
  Speaker 4: sane person, without exception, a differentiation of the psychical matter
• 1:47:09
  Speaker 4: has been fashioned which the child knew not. A psychical
• 1:47:14
  Speaker 4: procedure has been reached, which, informed by the experience of life,
• 1:47:19
  Speaker 4: exercises with jealous power, a dominating and restraining influence upon
• 1:47:24
  Speaker 4: psychical emotions. By its relation to consciousness and by its
• 1:47:29
  Speaker 4: spontaneous mobility, it is endowed with the greatest means of
• 1:47:33
  Speaker 4: psychical power. A portion of the infantile emotions has been
• 1:47:38
  Speaker 4: withheld from this procedure as useless to life, and all
• 1:47:42
  Speaker 4: the thoughts which flow from these are found in the
• 1:47:45
  Speaker 4: state of repression. Whilst the procedure in which we recognize
• 1:47:50
  Speaker 4: our normal ego reposes upon the desire for sleep, it
• 1:47:54
  Speaker 4: appears compelled by the psychopsychological conditions of sleep to abandon
• 1:47:59
  Speaker 4: some of the energy with which it was once during
• 1:48:02
  Speaker 4: the day to keep down what was repressed. This neglect
• 1:48:06
  Speaker 4: is really harmless. However much the emotions of the child's
• 1:48:10
  Speaker 4: spirit may be stirred, they find the approach to consciousness
• 1:48:13
  Speaker 4: rendered difficult, and that to movement blocked in consequence of
• 1:48:17
  Speaker 4: the state of sleep. The danger of their disturbing sleep must, however,
• 1:48:22
  Speaker 4: be avoided. Moreover, we must admit that even in deep sleep,
• 1:48:28
  Speaker 4: some amount of free attention is exerted as a protection
• 1:48:32
  Speaker 4: against sense stimuli, which might perchance make an awakening seem
• 1:48:36
  Speaker 4: wiser than the continuance of sleep. Otherwise we could not
• 1:48:41
  Speaker 4: explain the fact of our being always awakened by stimuli
• 1:48:44
  Speaker 4: of certain quality. As the old physiologist Burdack pointed out,
• 1:48:50
  Speaker 4: the mother is awakened by the whimpering of her child,
• 1:48:54
  Speaker 4: the miller by the cessation of his mill, most people
• 1:48:58
  Speaker 4: by gently calling out their names. This attention thus on
• 1:49:02
  Speaker 4: the alert makes use of the internal stimuli arising from
• 1:49:06
  Speaker 4: repressed desires and fuses them into the dream, which, as
• 1:49:10
  Speaker 4: a compromise, satisfies both procedures at the same time. The
• 1:49:16
  Speaker 4: dream creates a form of psychical release for the wish
• 1:49:19
  Speaker 4: which is either suppressed or formed by the aid of repression.
• 1:49:23
  Speaker 4: Inasmuch as it presents it as realised, the other procedure
• 1:49:28
  Speaker 4: is also satisfied. Since the continuance of the sleep is assured.
• 1:49:34
  Speaker 4: Our ego here gladly behaves like a child. It makes
• 1:49:38
  Speaker 4: the dream pictures believable, saying, as it were, quite right,
• 1:49:42
  Speaker 4: but let me sleep. The contempt which, once awakened we
• 1:49:48
  Speaker 4: bear the dream, and which rests upon the absurdity and
• 1:49:52
  Speaker 4: apparent illogicality of the dream, is probably nothing but the
• 1:49:55
  Speaker 4: reasoning of our sleeping ego on the feelings about what
• 1:49:59
  Speaker 4: was repressed. With greater right, it should rest upon the
• 1:50:03
  Speaker 4: incompetency of this disturber of our sleep. In sleep, we
• 1:50:08
  Speaker 4: are now and then aware of this contempt. The dream
• 1:50:11
  Speaker 4: content transcends the censorship rather too much. We think it
• 1:50:16
  Speaker 4: is only a dream and sleep on. It is no
• 1:50:22
  Speaker 4: objection to this view. If there are borderlines for the
• 1:50:25
  Speaker 4: dream where its function to preserve sleep from interruption can
• 1:50:29
  Speaker 4: no longer be maintained, as in the dreams of impending dread,
• 1:50:34
  Speaker 4: it is here changed for another function, to suspend the
• 1:50:37
  Speaker 4: sleep at the proper time. It acts like a conscientious
• 1:50:42
  Speaker 4: night watchman who first does his duty by quelling disturbances
• 1:50:46
  Speaker 4: so as not to waken the citizen, but equally does
• 1:50:49
  Speaker 4: his duty quite properly when he awakens the street, should
• 1:50:53
  Speaker 4: the causes of the trouble seem to him serious and
• 1:50:56
  Speaker 4: himself unable to cope with them alone. This function of
• 1:51:02
  Speaker 4: dreams becomes especially well marked when there arises some incentive
• 1:51:06
  Speaker 4: for the sense. Perception that the senses aroused during sleep
• 1:51:10
  Speaker 4: influence the dream is well known and can be experimentally verified.
• 1:51:15
  Speaker 4: It is one of the certain but much overestimated results
• 1:51:19
  Speaker 4: of the medical investigation of dreams. Hitherto there has been
• 1:51:24
  Speaker 4: an insoluble riddle connected with this discovery. The stimulus to
• 1:51:29
  Speaker 4: the sense by which the investigator affects the sleeper is
• 1:51:33
  Speaker 4: not properly recognized in the dream, but is intermingled with
• 1:51:37
  Speaker 4: a number of indefinite interpretations whose determination appears left to
• 1:51:41
  Speaker 4: psychical free will. There is, of course, no such psychical
• 1:51:46
  Speaker 4: free will to an external sense stimulus. The sleeper can
• 1:51:51
  Speaker 4: react in many ways. Either he awakens or he succeeds
• 1:51:55
  Speaker 4: in sleeping on. In the latter case, he can make
• 1:51:58
  Speaker 4: use of the dream to dismot miss the external stimulus,
• 1:52:01
  Speaker 4: and this again in more ways than one. For instance,
• 1:52:06
  Speaker 4: he can stay the stimulus by dreaming of a scene
• 1:52:09
  Speaker 4: which is absolutely intolerable to him. This was the means
• 1:52:14
  Speaker 4: used by one who was troubled by a painful perenneal abscess.
• 1:52:18
  Speaker 4: He dreamt that he was on horseback and made use
• 1:52:21
  Speaker 4: of the poultice which was intended to alleviate his pain,
• 1:52:24
  Speaker 4: as a saddle, and thus got away from the cause
• 1:52:27
  Speaker 4: of the trouble. Or, as is more frequently the case,
• 1:52:32
  Speaker 4: the external stimulus undergoes a new rendering which leads him
• 1:52:36
  Speaker 4: to connect it with a repressed desire seeking its realization,
• 1:52:40
  Speaker 4: and robs him of its reality, and is treated as
• 1:52:43
  Speaker 4: if it were part of the psychical matter. Thus, someone
• 1:52:48
  Speaker 4: dreamt that he had written a comedy which embodied a
• 1:52:50
  Speaker 4: definite motif it was being performed, the first act was
• 1:52:54
  Speaker 4: over amid enthusiastic applause. There was great clapping at this moment.
• 1:53:00
  Speaker 4: The dreamer must have succeeded in prolonging his sleep despite
• 1:53:04
  Speaker 4: the disturbance, for when he woke he no longer heard
• 1:53:06
  Speaker 4: the noise. He concluded rightly that some one must have
• 1:53:10
  Speaker 4: been beating a carpet or bed. The dreams which come
• 1:53:15
  Speaker 4: with a loud noise just before waking have all attempted
• 1:53:18
  Speaker 4: to cover the stimulus to waking by some other explanation,
• 1:53:22
  Speaker 4: and thus to prolong the sleep for a little while.
• 1:53:26
  Speaker 4: Whosoever has firmly accepted this censorship as the chief motive
• 1:53:30
  Speaker 4: for the distortion of dreams will not be surprised to learn,
• 1:53:34
  Speaker 4: as the result of dream interpretation, that most of the
• 1:53:38
  Speaker 4: dreams of adults are traced by analysis to erotic desires.
• 1:53:43
  Speaker 4: This assertion is not drawn from dreams obviously of a
• 1:53:46
  Speaker 4: sexual nature, which are known to all dreamers from their
• 1:53:50
  Speaker 4: own experience, and are the only ones usually described as
• 1:53:54
  Speaker 4: sexual dreams. These dreams are, ever sufficiently mysterious by reason
• 1:54:00
  Speaker 4: of the choice of persons who are made the objects
• 1:54:02
  Speaker 4: of sex, the removal of all the barriers which cry
• 1:54:06
  Speaker 4: halt to the dream of sexual needs in his waking state,
• 1:54:09
  Speaker 4: the many strange reminders as to details of what are
• 1:54:13
  Speaker 4: called perversions. But analysis discovers that in many other dreams
• 1:54:19
  Speaker 4: in whose manifest content nothing erotic can be found, the
• 1:54:23
  Speaker 4: work of interpretation shows them up as in reality realization
• 1:54:28
  Speaker 4: of sexual desires, whilst on the other hand, that much
• 1:54:32
  Speaker 4: of the thought making while awake, the thoughts saved us
• 1:54:36
  Speaker 4: as surplus from the day, only reaches presentation in dreams
• 1:54:40
  Speaker 4: with the help of repressed erotic desires. Towards the explanation
• 1:54:46
  Speaker 4: of this statement, which is no theoretical postulate, it must
• 1:54:51
  Speaker 4: be remembered that no other class of instincts has required
• 1:54:55
  Speaker 4: so vast a suppression at the behest of civilization as
• 1:54:58
  Speaker 4: the sexual, whilst their mastery by the highest psychical processes
• 1:55:04
  Speaker 4: are in most persons soonest of all relinquished. Since we
• 1:55:10
  Speaker 4: have learned to understand infantile sexuality, often so vague in
• 1:55:14
  Speaker 4: its expression, so invariably overlooked and misunderstood, we are justified
• 1:55:20
  Speaker 4: in saying that nearly every civilized person has retained, at
• 1:55:24
  Speaker 4: some point or other, the infantile type of sex life. Thus,
• 1:55:29
  Speaker 4: we understand that repressed infantile sex desires furnish the most
• 1:55:33
  Speaker 4: frequent and most powerful impulses for the formation of dreams.
• 1:55:40
  Speaker 4: If the dream, which is the expression of some erotic desire,
• 1:55:44
  Speaker 4: succeeds in making its manifest content appear innocently asexual, it
• 1:55:49
  Speaker 4: is only possible in one way. The matter of these
• 1:55:53
  Speaker 4: sexual presentations cannot be exhibited as such, but must be
• 1:55:57
  Speaker 4: replaced by allusions, suggestions, and similar indirect means. Differing from
• 1:56:03
  Speaker 4: other cases of indirect presentation, those used in dreams must
• 1:56:07
  Speaker 4: be deprived of direct understanding. The means of presentation which
• 1:56:13
  Speaker 4: answer these requirements are commonly termed symbols. A special interest
• 1:56:18
  Speaker 4: has been directed towards these since it has been observed
• 1:56:22
  Speaker 4: that the dreamers of the same language use the like symbols, indeed,
• 1:56:27
  Speaker 4: that in certain cases, community of symbol is greater than
• 1:56:31
  Speaker 4: community of speech. Since the dreamers do not themselves know
• 1:56:36
  Speaker 4: the meaning of the symbols they use, it remains a
• 1:56:39
  Speaker 4: puzzle whence arises their relationship with what they replace and denote.
• 1:56:46
  Speaker 4: The fact itself is undoubted, and becomes of importance for
• 1:56:49
  Speaker 4: the technique of the interpretation of dreams, since by the
• 1:56:53
  Speaker 4: aid of a knowledge of this symbolism, it is possible
• 1:56:56
  Speaker 4: to understand the meaning of the elements of a dream,
• 1:56:59
  Speaker 4: or parts of a dream, occasionally even the whole dream itself,
• 1:57:03
  Speaker 4: without having to question the dreamer as to his own ideas.
• 1:57:08
  Speaker 4: We thus come near to the popular idea of an
• 1:57:11
  Speaker 4: interpretation of dreams, and on the other hand, possess again
• 1:57:16
  Speaker 4: the technique of the ancients, among whom the interpretation of
• 1:57:20
  Speaker 4: dreams was identical with their explanation through symbolism. Though the
• 1:57:26
  Speaker 4: study of dream symbolism is far removed from finality. We
• 1:57:31
  Speaker 4: now possess a series of general statements and of particular
• 1:57:35
  Speaker 4: observations which are quite certain. Footnote the words from and
• 1:57:42
  Speaker 4: to channels in the next sentence is a short summary
• 1:57:45
  Speaker 4: of the passage in the original. As this book will
• 1:57:48
  Speaker 4: be read by other than professional people, the passage has
• 1:57:51
  Speaker 4: not been translated in deference to English opinion translator. There
• 1:57:57
  Speaker 4: are symbols which practically always have the same meaning. Emperor
• 1:58:01
  Speaker 4: and empress, king and queen always mean the parents, room,
• 1:58:06
  Speaker 4: a woman, and so on. The sexes are represented by
• 1:58:10
  Speaker 4: a great variety of symbols, many of which would be
• 1:58:13
  Speaker 4: at first quite incomprehensible had not the clues to the
• 1:58:16
  Speaker 4: meaning been often obtained through other channels. There are symbols
• 1:58:22
  Speaker 4: of universal circulation found in all dreamers of one range
• 1:58:27
  Speaker 4: of speech and culture. There are others of the narrowest
• 1:58:31
  Speaker 4: individual significance, which an individual has built up out of
• 1:58:35
  Speaker 4: his own material. In the first class, those can be
• 1:58:40
  Speaker 4: differentiated whose claim can at once be recognized by the
• 1:58:43
  Speaker 4: replacement of sexual things in common speech, those for instance,
• 1:58:47
  Speaker 4: arising from agriculture as a reproduction seed, from others whose
• 1:58:53
  Speaker 4: sexual references appear to reach back to the earliest times
• 1:58:57
  Speaker 4: and to the obscurest depths of our image building. The
• 1:59:01
  Speaker 4: power of building symbols in both these special forms of
• 1:59:04
  Speaker 4: symbols has not died out. Recently discovered things like the
• 1:59:10
  Speaker 4: airship are at once brought into universal use as sex symbols.
• 1:59:17
  Speaker 4: It would be quite an error to suppose that a
• 1:59:19
  Speaker 4: profounder knowledge of dream symbolism the language of dreams, would
• 1:59:24
  Speaker 4: make us independent of questioning the dreamer regarding his impressions
• 1:59:28
  Speaker 4: about the dream, and would give us back the whole
• 1:59:30
  Speaker 4: technique of ancient dream interpreters. Apart from individual symbols and
• 1:59:37
  Speaker 4: the variations in the use of what is general, one
• 1:59:41
  Speaker 4: never knows whether an element in the dream is to
• 1:59:43
  Speaker 4: be understood symbolically or in its proper meaning. The whole
• 1:59:48
  Speaker 4: content of the dream is certainly not to be interpreted symbolically.
• 1:59:53
  Speaker 4: The knowledge of dream symbols will only help us in
• 1:59:56
  Speaker 4: understanding portions of the dream content, and does not render
• 1:59:59
  Speaker 4: the use of the technical rules previously given at all superfluous.
• 2:00:04
  Speaker 4: But it must be of the greatest service in interpreting
• 2:00:08
  Speaker 4: a dream just when the impressions of the dreamer are
• 2:00:10
  Speaker 4: withheld or are insufficient. Dream symbolism proves also indispensable for
• 2:00:18
  Speaker 4: understanding the so called typical dreams and the dreams that
• 2:00:22
  Speaker 4: repeat themselves. Dream symbolism leads us far beyond the dream.
• 2:00:28
  Speaker 4: It does not belong only to dreams, but is likewise
• 2:00:32
  Speaker 4: dominant in legend, myth and saga, in wit and in folklore.
• 2:00:38
  Speaker 4: It compels us to pursue the inner meaning of the
• 2:00:40
  Speaker 4: dream in these productions. But we must acknowledge that symbolism
• 2:00:45
  Speaker 4: is not a result of the dream work, but is
• 2:00:48
  Speaker 4: a peculiarity, probably of our unconscious thinking, which furnishes to
• 2:00:52
  Speaker 4: the dream work the matter for condensation, displacement, and dramatization.
• 2:01:01
  Speaker 4: End of Chapter three.
• 2:01:03
  Speaker 5: Chapter four dream analysis. Perhaps we shall now begin to
• 2:01:09
  Speaker 5: suspect that dream interpretation is capable of giving us hints
• 2:01:14
  Speaker 5: about the structure of our psychic apparatus, which we have
• 2:01:18
  Speaker 5: thus far expected in vain from philosophy. We shall, not, however,
• 2:01:23
  Speaker 5: follow this track, but return to our original problem. As
• 2:01:27
  Speaker 5: soon as we have cleared up the subject of dream disfigurement,
• 2:01:31
  Speaker 5: the question has arisen how dreams with disagreeable content can
• 2:01:35
  Speaker 5: be analyzed as the fulfillment of wishes. We see now
• 2:01:39
  Speaker 5: that this is possible in case dream disfigurement has taken place,
• 2:01:43
  Speaker 5: in case the disagreeable content serves only as a disguise
• 2:01:47
  Speaker 5: for what is wished. Keeping in mind our assumptions in
• 2:01:51
  Speaker 5: regard to the two psychic instances, we may now proceed
• 2:01:55
  Speaker 5: to say disagreeable dreams, as a matter of fact, contain
• 2:01:59
  Speaker 5: something which is disagreeable to the second instance, but which
• 2:02:03
  Speaker 5: at the same time fulfill the wish of the first instance.
• 2:02:07
  Speaker 5: They are wish dreams in the sense that every dream
• 2:02:10
  Speaker 5: originates in the first instance, while the second instance acts
• 2:02:14
  Speaker 5: towards the dream only in repelling, not in a creative manner.
• 2:02:19
  Speaker 5: If we limit ourselves to a consideration of what the
• 2:02:23
  Speaker 5: second instance contributes to the dream, we can never understand
• 2:02:27
  Speaker 5: the dream. If we do so, all the riddles which
• 2:02:30
  Speaker 5: the authors have found in the dream remain unsolved. That
• 2:02:35
  Speaker 5: the dream actually has a secret meaning which turns out
• 2:02:39
  Speaker 5: to be the fulfillment of a wish must be proved
• 2:02:42
  Speaker 5: afresh for every case by means of an analysis. I
• 2:02:46
  Speaker 5: therefore select several dreams which have painful contents and attempt
• 2:02:50
  Speaker 5: an analysis of them. They are partly dreams of hysterical subjects,
• 2:02:55
  Speaker 5: which require long preliminary statements, and now and then also
• 2:03:00
  Speaker 5: an examination of the psychic processes which occur in histeria.
• 2:03:05
  Speaker 5: I cannot, however, avoid this added difficulty in the exposition.
• 2:03:10
  Speaker 5: When I give a psychoneurotic patient analytic treatment, dreams are, always,
• 2:03:15
  Speaker 5: as I have said, the subject of our discussion. It
• 2:03:19
  Speaker 5: must therefore give him all the psychological explanations through whose
• 2:03:24
  Speaker 5: aid I myself have come to an understanding of his symptoms.
• 2:03:28
  Speaker 5: And here I undergo an unsparing criticism, which is perhaps
• 2:03:32
  Speaker 5: not less keen than that I must expect from my colleagues.
• 2:03:36
  Speaker 5: Contradiction of the thesis that all dreams are the fulfillments
• 2:03:40
  Speaker 5: of wishes is raised by my patients, which perfect regularity.
• 2:03:45
  Speaker 5: Here are several examples of the dream material which has
• 2:03:49
  Speaker 5: offered me to refute this position. If you always tell
• 2:03:53
  Speaker 5: me that the dream is a wish fulfilled, begins a
• 2:03:56
  Speaker 5: clever lady, patient. Now I shall tell you a dream
• 2:03:59
  Speaker 5: in which the content is quite the opposite, in which
• 2:04:03
  Speaker 5: a wish of mine is not fulfilled. How do you
• 2:04:06
  Speaker 5: reconcile that with your theory? The dream is as follows.
• 2:04:12
  Speaker 5: I want to give a supper, but having nothing at
• 2:04:15
  Speaker 5: hand except some smoked salmon, I think of going marketing,
• 2:04:19
  Speaker 5: but I remember that it is Sunday afternoon, when all
• 2:04:22
  Speaker 5: the shops are closed. I next try to telephone to
• 2:04:26
  Speaker 5: some caterus, but the telephone is out of order. Thus
• 2:04:29
  Speaker 5: I must resign my wish to give a supper. I answer,
• 2:04:33
  Speaker 5: of course, that only the analysis can decide the meaning
• 2:04:37
  Speaker 5: of this dream, although I admit that at first sight
• 2:04:40
  Speaker 5: it seems sensible and coherent and looks like the opposite
• 2:04:44
  Speaker 5: of a wish fulfillment. But what occurrence has given rise
• 2:04:47
  Speaker 5: to this dream? I ask?
• 2:04:50
  Speaker 3: You?
• 2:04:50
  Speaker 5: Know that the stimulus for a dream always lies among
• 2:04:53
  Speaker 5: the experiences of the preceding day analysis. The husband of
• 2:04:58
  Speaker 5: the patient, an up, bright and conscientious wholesale butcher, had
• 2:05:02
  Speaker 5: told her the day before that he is growing too fat,
• 2:05:06
  Speaker 5: and that he must therefore begin treatment for obesity. He
• 2:05:10
  Speaker 5: was going to get up early, take exercise, keep to
• 2:05:13
  Speaker 5: a strict diet, and above all, except no more invitations
• 2:05:16
  Speaker 5: to suppers. She proceeds laughingly to relate how her husband,
• 2:05:21
  Speaker 5: at an inn table, had made the acquaintance of an
• 2:05:24
  Speaker 5: artist who insisted upon painting his portrait because he the
• 2:05:27
  Speaker 5: painter had never found such an expressive head. But her
• 2:05:32
  Speaker 5: husband had answered, in his rough way that he was
• 2:05:35
  Speaker 5: very thankful for the honor, but that he was quite
• 2:05:37
  Speaker 5: convinced that a portion of the backside of a pretty
• 2:05:40
  Speaker 5: young girl would please the artist better than his whole face.
• 2:05:45
  Speaker 5: She said that she was at the time very much
• 2:05:47
  Speaker 5: in love with her husband, and teased him a good deal.
• 2:05:51
  Speaker 5: She had also asked him not to send her any
• 2:05:53
  Speaker 5: caviat What does that mean? As a matter of fact,
• 2:05:57
  Speaker 5: she had wanted for a long time to eat a
• 2:05:59
  Speaker 5: cavit sandwich every forenoon, but had grudged herself the expense.
• 2:06:05
  Speaker 5: Of course, she would at once get the caviare from
• 2:06:07
  Speaker 5: her husband as soon as she asked him for it.
• 2:06:10
  Speaker 5: But she had begged him, on the contrary not to
• 2:06:13
  Speaker 5: send her the caviare in order that she might tease
• 2:06:16
  Speaker 5: him about it longer. This explanation seems far fetched to me.
• 2:06:21
  Speaker 5: Unadmitted motives are in the habit of hiding behind such
• 2:06:25
  Speaker 5: unsatisfactory explanations. We are reminded of subjects hypnotized by Bernheim,
• 2:06:31
  Speaker 5: who carried out a post hypnotic order, and who, upon
• 2:06:35
  Speaker 5: being asked for their motives, instead of answering, I do
• 2:06:38
  Speaker 5: not know why I did that, had to invent a
• 2:06:41
  Speaker 5: reason that was obviously inadequate. Something similar is probably the
• 2:06:46
  Speaker 5: case with the cavia of my patient. I see that
• 2:06:49
  Speaker 5: she is compelled to create an unfulfilled wish in life.
• 2:06:53
  Speaker 5: Her dream also shows the reproduction of the wish as accomplished.
• 2:06:58
  Speaker 5: But why does she need an unfulfilled wish? The ideas
• 2:07:02
  Speaker 5: so far produced are insufficient for the interpretation of the dream.
• 2:07:06
  Speaker 5: I beg for more. After a short pause, which corresponds
• 2:07:10
  Speaker 5: to the overcoming of a resistance, she reports further that
• 2:07:14
  Speaker 5: the day before she had made a visit to a
• 2:07:16
  Speaker 5: friend of whom she is really jealous because her husband
• 2:07:20
  Speaker 5: is always praising this woman so much. Fortunately, this friend
• 2:07:24
  Speaker 5: is very lean and thin, and her husband likes well
• 2:07:28
  Speaker 5: rounded figures. Now of what did this lean friend speak
• 2:07:33
  Speaker 5: naturally of her wish to become somewhat stouter? She also asked,
• 2:07:37
  Speaker 5: my patient, when are you going to invite us again?
• 2:07:40
  Speaker 5: You always have such a good table. Now the meaning
• 2:07:43
  Speaker 5: of the dream is clear, I may say to the patient,
• 2:07:47
  Speaker 5: it is just as though you had sought at the
• 2:07:49
  Speaker 5: time of the request. Of course, I'll invite you so
• 2:07:52
  Speaker 5: you can eat yourself fat at my house and become
• 2:07:55
  Speaker 5: still more pleasing to my husband. I would rather give
• 2:07:59
  Speaker 5: no more suppers. The dream then tells you that you
• 2:08:02
  Speaker 5: cannot give a supper, thereby fulfilling your wish not to
• 2:08:05
  Speaker 5: contribute anything to the rounding out of your friend's figure.
• 2:08:09
  Speaker 5: The resolution of your husband to refuse invitations to supper
• 2:08:12
  Speaker 5: for the sake of getting thin teaches you that one
• 2:08:16
  Speaker 5: grows fat on the things served in company. Now, only
• 2:08:20
  Speaker 5: some conversation is necessary to confirm the solution. The smoked
• 2:08:24
  Speaker 5: salmon in the dream has not yet been traced. How
• 2:08:28
  Speaker 5: did the salmon mentioned in the dream occur to you,
• 2:08:31
  Speaker 5: smoked salmon is the favorite dish of this friend, She answered,
• 2:08:35
  Speaker 5: I happen to know the lady, and may corroborate this
• 2:08:38
  Speaker 5: by saying that she grudges herself the salmon just as
• 2:08:41
  Speaker 5: much as my patient grudges herself. The caveat the dream
• 2:08:45
  Speaker 5: admits of still another and more exact interpretation, which is
• 2:08:49
  Speaker 5: necessitated only by a subordinate circumstance. The two interpretations do
• 2:08:55
  Speaker 5: not contradict one another, but rather cover each other and
• 2:08:58
  Speaker 5: furnish a neat example of the usual ambiguity of dreams,
• 2:09:02
  Speaker 5: as well as of all other psychopathological formations. We have
• 2:09:06
  Speaker 5: seen that at the same time that she dreams of
• 2:09:09
  Speaker 5: the denial of the wish, the patient is in reality
• 2:09:12
  Speaker 5: occupied in securing an unfulfilled wish. The caviare sandwiches. Her
• 2:09:19
  Speaker 5: friend too had expressed a wish, namely to get fatter,
• 2:09:23
  Speaker 5: and it would not surprise us if our lady had
• 2:09:26
  Speaker 5: dreamt that the wish of the friend was not being fulfilled,
• 2:09:30
  Speaker 5: for it is her own wish that a wish of
• 2:09:32
  Speaker 5: her friends for increase in weight should not be fulfilled.
• 2:09:37
  Speaker 5: Instead of this, however, she dreams that one of her
• 2:09:40
  Speaker 5: own wishes is not fulfilled, the dream becomes capable of
• 2:09:44
  Speaker 5: a new interpretation if in the dream she does not
• 2:09:47
  Speaker 5: intend herself but her friend, If she has put herself
• 2:09:51
  Speaker 5: in the place of her friend, or as we may say,
• 2:09:55
  Speaker 5: has identified herself with her friend. I think she has
• 2:09:59
  Speaker 5: actually done this, and as a sign of this identification,
• 2:10:02
  Speaker 5: she has created an unfulfilled wish in reality. But what
• 2:10:07
  Speaker 5: is the meaning of this hysterical identification? To clear this up,
• 2:10:12
  Speaker 5: a sorrow exposition is necessary. Identification is a highly important
• 2:10:17
  Speaker 5: factor in the mechanism of hysterical symptoms. By this means,
• 2:10:22
  Speaker 5: patients are enabled, in their symptoms to represent not merely
• 2:10:26
  Speaker 5: their own experiences, but the experiences of a great number
• 2:10:30
  Speaker 5: of other persons, and can suffer, as it were, for
• 2:10:34
  Speaker 5: a whole mass of people, and feel all the parts
• 2:10:37
  Speaker 5: of a drama by means of their own personalities alone.
• 2:10:41
  Speaker 5: It will here be objected that this is a well
• 2:10:44
  Speaker 5: known historical imitation the ability of hysteric subjects to copy
• 2:10:49
  Speaker 5: all the symptoms which express them when they occur in others,
• 2:10:53
  Speaker 5: as though their pity we was stimulated to the point
• 2:10:56
  Speaker 5: of reproduction. But this only indicates the way in which
• 2:11:00
  Speaker 5: the psychic process is discharged. In hysterical imitation, the way
• 2:11:05
  Speaker 5: in which a psychic act proceeds and the act itself
• 2:11:09
  Speaker 5: are two different things. The latter is slightly more complicated
• 2:11:14
  Speaker 5: than one is apt to imagine the imitation of hysterical
• 2:11:17
  Speaker 5: subjects to be. It corresponds to an unconscious, concluded process.
• 2:11:22
  Speaker 5: As an example will show, the physician who has a
• 2:11:26
  Speaker 5: female patient with a particular kind of twitching lodged in
• 2:11:29
  Speaker 5: the company of other patients in the same room in
• 2:11:32
  Speaker 5: the hospital, is not surprised when some warning he learns
• 2:11:36
  Speaker 5: that this peculiar hysterical attack has found imitations. He simply
• 2:11:41
  Speaker 5: says to himself, the others have seen her and have
• 2:11:44
  Speaker 5: done likewise. That is psychic infection, yes, But psychic infection
• 2:11:50
  Speaker 5: proceeds in somewhat the following manner. As a rule, patients
• 2:11:55
  Speaker 5: know more about one another than the physician knows about
• 2:11:58
  Speaker 5: each of them, and they are concerned about each other.
• 2:12:01
  Speaker 5: When the visit of the doctor is over, some of
• 2:12:04
  Speaker 5: them have an attack. Today Soon it is known among
• 2:12:08
  Speaker 5: the rest that a letter from home, a return of love, sickness,
• 2:12:11
  Speaker 5: or the like, is the cause of it. Their sympathy
• 2:12:15
  Speaker 5: is aroused, and the following syllogism which does not reach
• 2:12:19
  Speaker 5: consciousness is completed in them. If it is possible to
• 2:12:22
  Speaker 5: have this kind of attack from such causes, I too
• 2:12:26
  Speaker 5: may have this kind of attack, for I have the
• 2:12:28
  Speaker 5: same reasons. If this were a cycle capable of becoming conscious,
• 2:12:33
  Speaker 5: it would perhaps express itself in fear of getting the
• 2:12:37
  Speaker 5: same attack, But it takes place in another psychic sphere
• 2:12:41
  Speaker 5: and therefore ends in the realization of the dreaded symptom.
• 2:12:45
  Speaker 5: Identification is therefore not a simple imitation, but a sympathy
• 2:12:50
  Speaker 5: based upon the same etiological claim. It expresses an as
• 2:12:55
  Speaker 5: though and refers to some common quality which has remained
• 2:12:59
  Speaker 5: in the unconscious. Identification is most often used in histerior
• 2:13:05
  Speaker 5: to express sexual community. A hysterical woman identifies herself most readily,
• 2:13:11
  Speaker 5: although not exclusively, with persons with whom she has had
• 2:13:15
  Speaker 5: sexual relations, or who have sexual intercourse with the same
• 2:13:19
  Speaker 5: persons as herself. Language takes such a conception into consideration.
• 2:13:25
  Speaker 5: Two lovers are one in the hysterical fantasy as well
• 2:13:30
  Speaker 5: as in the dream. It is sufficient for the identification
• 2:13:34
  Speaker 5: if one thinks of sexual relations, whether or not they
• 2:13:37
  Speaker 5: become real. The patient then only follows the rules of
• 2:13:41
  Speaker 5: the hysterical thought processes when she gives expression to her
• 2:13:45
  Speaker 5: jealousy of her friend, which moreover, she herself admits to
• 2:13:49
  Speaker 5: be unjustified in that she puts herself in her place
• 2:13:53
  Speaker 5: and identifies herself with her by creating a symptom the
• 2:13:57
  Speaker 5: denied wish. I might further clarify the process specifically as follows.
• 2:14:04
  Speaker 5: She puts herself in the place of her friend in
• 2:14:06
  Speaker 5: the dream because her friend has taken her own place
• 2:14:09
  Speaker 5: relation to her husband, and because you would like to
• 2:14:12
  Speaker 5: take her friend's place in the esteem of her husband.
• 2:14:16
  Speaker 5: Footnote one. To sit for the painter guta, and if
• 2:14:22
  Speaker 5: he has no backside, how can the nobleman sit? End
• 2:14:26
  Speaker 5: a footnote footnote two. I myself regret the introduction of
• 2:14:32
  Speaker 5: such passages from the psychopathology of histeria, which, because of
• 2:14:36
  Speaker 5: their fragmentary representation and of being torn from all connection
• 2:14:40
  Speaker 5: with the subject, cannot have a very enlightening influence. If
• 2:14:44
  Speaker 5: these passages are capable of throwing light upon the intimate
• 2:14:48
  Speaker 5: relations between the dream and the psychoneurosis, they have served
• 2:14:52
  Speaker 5: the purpose for which I have taken them up End
• 2:14:55
  Speaker 5: footnote The contradiction to my theory of dreams in the
• 2:15:00
  Speaker 5: case of another female patient. The most witty among all
• 2:15:04
  Speaker 5: my dreamers was solved in a simpler manner. Although according
• 2:15:08
  Speaker 5: to the scheme that a non fulfillment of one wish
• 2:15:11
  Speaker 5: signifies the fulfillment of another, I had one day explained
• 2:15:15
  Speaker 5: to her that the dream is a wish of fulfillment.
• 2:15:19
  Speaker 5: The next day she brought me a dream to the
• 2:15:21
  Speaker 5: effect that she was traveling with her mother in law
• 2:15:24
  Speaker 5: to their common summer resort. Now I knew that she
• 2:15:28
  Speaker 5: had struggled violently against spending the summer in the neighborhood
• 2:15:31
  Speaker 5: of her mother in law. I also knew that she
• 2:15:35
  Speaker 5: had luckily avoided her mother in law by renting an
• 2:15:38
  Speaker 5: estate in a far distant country resort. Now the dream
• 2:15:42
  Speaker 5: reversed this wished for solution. Was not this in the
• 2:15:46
  Speaker 5: flattest contradiction to my theory of wish fulfillment in the dream? Certainly,
• 2:15:51
  Speaker 5: it was only necessary to draw the inferences from this
• 2:15:54
  Speaker 5: dream in order to get at its interpretation. According to
• 2:15:59
  Speaker 5: this dream, I was in the wrong. It was thus
• 2:16:02
  Speaker 5: her wish that I should be in the wrong, and
• 2:16:04
  Speaker 5: this wish the dream showed her as fulfilled. But the
• 2:16:08
  Speaker 5: wish that I should be in the wrong, which was
• 2:16:10
  Speaker 5: fulfilled in the seam of the country Home referred to
• 2:16:13
  Speaker 5: a more serious matter at the time that I had
• 2:16:16
  Speaker 5: made up my mind from this material furnished by her analysis,
• 2:16:20
  Speaker 5: that something of significance for her illness must have occurred
• 2:16:23
  Speaker 5: at a certain time in her life. At that time,
• 2:16:26
  Speaker 5: I had made up my mind from the material furnished
• 2:16:29
  Speaker 5: by her analysis, that something of significance for her illness
• 2:16:33
  Speaker 5: must have occurred at a certain time in her life.
• 2:16:37
  Speaker 5: She had denied it because it was not present in
• 2:16:39
  Speaker 5: her memory. We soon came to see that I was
• 2:16:42
  Speaker 5: in the right. Her wish that I should be in
• 2:16:45
  Speaker 5: the wrong, which is transformed into the dream, thus corresponded
• 2:16:49
  Speaker 5: to the justifiable wish that those things which at the
• 2:16:52
  Speaker 5: time had only been suspected had never occurred at all,
• 2:16:56
  Speaker 5: without an analysis, and merely by means of an assumption.
• 2:17:00
  Speaker 5: I took the liberty of interpreting a little occurrence. In
• 2:17:03
  Speaker 5: the case of a friend who had been my colleague
• 2:17:06
  Speaker 5: through the eight classes of the gymnasium, he once heard
• 2:17:09
  Speaker 5: a lecturer of mine delivered to a small assemblage on
• 2:17:13
  Speaker 5: the novel subject of the dream, as the fulfillment of
• 2:17:16
  Speaker 5: a wish he went home dreamt that he had lost
• 2:17:19
  Speaker 5: all his suits. He was a lawyer, and then complained
• 2:17:23
  Speaker 5: to me about it. I took refuge in the evasion.
• 2:17:27
  Speaker 5: One can't win all one's suits. But I thought to myself,
• 2:17:31
  Speaker 5: if for eight years I sat as primus on the
• 2:17:34
  Speaker 5: first bench while he moved around somewhere in the middle
• 2:17:37
  Speaker 5: of the class, may he not naturally have had a
• 2:17:40
  Speaker 5: wish from his boyhood days, that I too, might for
• 2:17:43
  Speaker 5: once completely disgrace myself in the same way. Another dream
• 2:17:48
  Speaker 5: of a more gloomy character was offered me by a
• 2:17:50
  Speaker 5: female patient as a contradiction to my theory of the
• 2:17:54
  Speaker 5: wish dream. The patient, a young girl, began as follows.
• 2:18:00
  Speaker 5: He remember that my sister has now only one boy, Charles.
• 2:18:04
  Speaker 5: She lost the elder one Otto while I was still
• 2:18:06
  Speaker 5: at her house. Otto was my favorite. It was I
• 2:18:10
  Speaker 5: who really brought him up. I like the other little
• 2:18:13
  Speaker 5: fellow too, but of course not nearly as much as
• 2:18:15
  Speaker 5: the dead one.
• 2:18:17
  Speaker 3: Now.
• 2:18:17
  Speaker 5: I dreamt last night that I saw Charles lying dead
• 2:18:20
  Speaker 5: before me. He was lying in his little coffin, his
• 2:18:24
  Speaker 5: hands folded. There were candles all about, and in short,
• 2:18:27
  Speaker 5: it was just like the time of little OTO's death,
• 2:18:30
  Speaker 5: which shocked me so profoundly. Now tell me what does
• 2:18:34
  Speaker 5: this mean? You know me, am I really bad enough
• 2:18:37
  Speaker 5: to wish my sister to lose the only child she
• 2:18:40
  Speaker 5: has left? Or does the dream mean that I wished
• 2:18:42
  Speaker 5: Charles to be dead rather than Otto, whom I like
• 2:18:45
  Speaker 5: so much better? I assured her that this interpretation was impossible.
• 2:18:50
  Speaker 5: After some reflection, I was able to give her the
• 2:18:53
  Speaker 5: interpretation of the dream, which had subsequently made her confirm
• 2:18:58
  Speaker 5: having become an orphan at an early age. The girl
• 2:19:01
  Speaker 5: had been brought up in the house of a much
• 2:19:02
  Speaker 5: older sister, and had met, along the friends and visitors
• 2:19:06
  Speaker 5: who came to the house, a man who made a
• 2:19:09
  Speaker 5: lasting impression upon her heart. It looked for a time
• 2:19:13
  Speaker 5: as though these barely expressed relations were to end in marriage,
• 2:19:17
  Speaker 5: But this happy culmination was frustrated by the sister, whose
• 2:19:21
  Speaker 5: motives have never found a complete explanation. After the break,
• 2:19:25
  Speaker 5: the man, who was loved by our patient avoided the house.
• 2:19:29
  Speaker 5: She herself became independent some time after little Otto's death,
• 2:19:34
  Speaker 5: to whom her affection had now turned, but she did
• 2:19:37
  Speaker 5: not succeed in freeing herself from the inclination for her
• 2:19:40
  Speaker 5: sister's friend. In which she had become involved. Her pride
• 2:19:45
  Speaker 5: commanded her to avoid him, but it was impossible for
• 2:19:48
  Speaker 5: her to transfer her love to the other suitors, who
• 2:19:51
  Speaker 5: presented themselves in order. Whenever the man whom she loved,
• 2:19:55
  Speaker 5: who was a member of the literary profession, announced a
• 2:19:58
  Speaker 5: lecture anywhere, she was sure to be found in the audience.
• 2:20:02
  Speaker 5: She also seized every other opportunity to see him from
• 2:20:05
  Speaker 5: a distance unobserved by him. I remembered that on the
• 2:20:09
  Speaker 5: day before she had told me that the Professor was
• 2:20:12
  Speaker 5: going to a certain concert, and that she was also
• 2:20:14
  Speaker 5: going there in order to enjoy the sight of him.
• 2:20:18
  Speaker 5: This was on the day of the dream, and the
• 2:20:20
  Speaker 5: concert was to take place on the day on which
• 2:20:23
  Speaker 5: she told me the dream. I could now easily see
• 2:20:26
  Speaker 5: the correct interpretation, and I asked her whether she could
• 2:20:29
  Speaker 5: think of any event which had happened after the death
• 2:20:32
  Speaker 5: of Little Otto. She answered immediately certainly. At the time
• 2:20:36
  Speaker 5: the Professor returned after a long absence, and I saw
• 2:20:40
  Speaker 5: him once more beside the coffin of Little Otto, it
• 2:20:43
  Speaker 5: was exactly as I had expected. I interpreted the dream
• 2:20:47
  Speaker 5: in the following manner. If now the other boy were
• 2:20:51
  Speaker 5: to die, the same thing would be repeated. He would
• 2:20:54
  Speaker 5: spend the day with your sister. The professor would surely
• 2:20:57
  Speaker 5: come in order to offer condolence, and he would see
• 2:21:00
  Speaker 5: him again under the same circumstances as at that time.
• 2:21:04
  Speaker 5: The dream signifies nothing but this wish of yours to
• 2:21:07
  Speaker 5: see him again, against which you are fighting inwardly. I
• 2:21:11
  Speaker 5: know that you are carrying the ticket for today's concert
• 2:21:14
  Speaker 5: in your bag. Your dream is a dream of impatience.
• 2:21:18
  Speaker 5: It has anticipated the meeting which is to take place
• 2:21:20
  Speaker 5: to day by several hours. In order to disguise her wish,
• 2:21:24
  Speaker 5: she had obviously selected a situation in which wishes of
• 2:21:28
  Speaker 5: that sort are commonly suppressed, a situation which is so
• 2:21:32
  Speaker 5: filled with sorrow that love is not thought of. And
• 2:21:36
  Speaker 5: yet it is very easily probable that even in the
• 2:21:39
  Speaker 5: actual situation at the bier of the second more dearly
• 2:21:42
  Speaker 5: loved boy, which the dream copied faithfully, she had not
• 2:21:46
  Speaker 5: been able to suppress her feelings of affection for the
• 2:21:49
  Speaker 5: visitor whom she had missed for so long a time.
• 2:21:55
  Speaker 5: A different explanation was found in the case of a
• 2:21:58
  Speaker 5: similar dream of an another female patient who was distinguished
• 2:22:02
  Speaker 5: in her earlier years by her quick wit and had
• 2:22:05
  Speaker 5: cheerful demeanors, and who still showed these qualities, at least
• 2:22:09
  Speaker 5: in the notion which occurred to her in the course
• 2:22:12
  Speaker 5: of treatment. In connection with a longer dream, it seemed
• 2:22:17
  Speaker 5: to this lady that she saw her fifteen year old
• 2:22:20
  Speaker 5: daughter lying dead before her in a box. She was
• 2:22:24
  Speaker 5: strongly inclined to convert this dream image into an objection
• 2:22:29
  Speaker 5: to the theory of wish fulfillment, but herself suspected that
• 2:22:33
  Speaker 5: the detail of the box must lead to a different
• 2:22:36
  Speaker 5: conception of the dream a footnote something like the smoked
• 2:22:42
  Speaker 5: salmon in the dream of the deferred supper. End of footnote.
• 2:22:50
  Speaker 5: In the course of the analysis, it occurred to her that,
• 2:22:53
  Speaker 5: on the evening before, the conversation of the company had
• 2:22:57
  Speaker 5: turned upon the English word box, and upon the numerous
• 2:23:01
  Speaker 5: translations of it into German, such as box, theater, box, chest,
• 2:23:06
  Speaker 5: box on the ear, et cetera. From other components of
• 2:23:10
  Speaker 5: the same dream. It is now possible to add that
• 2:23:13
  Speaker 5: the lady had guessed the relationship between the English word
• 2:23:17
  Speaker 5: box and the German boxer, and had then been haunted
• 2:23:21
  Speaker 5: by the memory that buxer as well as box, is
• 2:23:25
  Speaker 5: used in vulgar speech to designate the female genital organ.
• 2:23:30
  Speaker 5: It was therefore possible, making a certain allowance for her
• 2:23:34
  Speaker 5: notions on the subject of topographical anatomy, to assume that
• 2:23:38
  Speaker 5: the child in the box signified a child in the
• 2:23:41
  Speaker 5: womb of the mother. At this stage of the explanation,
• 2:23:44
  Speaker 5: she no longer denied that the picture of the dream
• 2:23:48
  Speaker 5: really corresponded to one of her wishes. Like so many
• 2:23:52
  Speaker 5: other young women, she was by no means happy when
• 2:23:55
  Speaker 5: she became pregnant, and admitted to me more than once
• 2:23:58
  Speaker 5: the wish that her child might die before its birth.
• 2:24:02
  Speaker 5: In a fit of anger following a violent scene with
• 2:24:05
  Speaker 5: a husband. She had even struck her abdomen with her
• 2:24:07
  Speaker 5: fists in order to hit the child within. The dead
• 2:24:11
  Speaker 5: child was therefore really a fulfillment of a wish, but
• 2:24:15
  Speaker 5: a wish which had been put aside for fifteen years,
• 2:24:18
  Speaker 5: And it is not surprising that the fulfillment of the
• 2:24:21
  Speaker 5: wish was no longer recognized after so long an interval,
• 2:24:25
  Speaker 5: for there had been many changes. Meanwhile, the group of
• 2:24:30
  Speaker 5: dreams to which the two last mentioned belong, having as
• 2:24:33
  Speaker 5: content the death of beloved relatives, will be considered again
• 2:24:38
  Speaker 5: under the head of typical dreams. I shall there be
• 2:24:42
  Speaker 5: able to show by new examples that, in spite of
• 2:24:45
  Speaker 5: their undesirable content, all these dreams must be interpreted as
• 2:24:49
  Speaker 5: wish fulfillments. In the following dream, which again was told
• 2:24:54
  Speaker 5: me in order to deter me from a hasty generalization
• 2:24:57
  Speaker 5: of the theory of wishing in dreams, I am indebted
• 2:25:01
  Speaker 5: not too patient, but to an intelligent jurist of my acquaintance.
• 2:25:07
  Speaker 5: I dream my informant tells me that I am walking
• 2:25:11
  Speaker 5: in front of my house with a lady on my arm.
• 2:25:14
  Speaker 5: Here a closed wagon is waiting. A gentleman steps up
• 2:25:17
  Speaker 5: to me, gives his authority as an agent of the police,
• 2:25:22
  Speaker 5: and demands that I should follow him. I only ask
• 2:25:26
  Speaker 5: for time in which to arrange my affairs. Can you
• 2:25:30
  Speaker 5: possibly suppose this is a wish of mine to be arrested?
• 2:25:33
  Speaker 5: Of course not, I must admit. Do you happen to
• 2:25:36
  Speaker 5: know upon which charge you were arrested? Yes, I believe
• 2:25:42
  Speaker 5: for infanticide. Infanticide? But you know that only a mother
• 2:25:48
  Speaker 5: can commit this crime upon her newly born child. That
• 2:25:52
  Speaker 5: is true. Footnote. It often happens that it is told incompletely,
• 2:26:02
  Speaker 5: and that a recollection of the emitted portions appear only
• 2:26:05
  Speaker 5: in the course of the analysis. These portions subsequently fitted
• 2:26:09
  Speaker 5: in regularly furnish the key to the interpretation. Compare below
• 2:26:15
  Speaker 5: about forgetting in dreams end a footnote? And under what
• 2:26:23
  Speaker 5: circumstances did you dream? What happened on the evening before?
• 2:26:28
  Speaker 5: I would rather not tell you that it's a delicate matter,
• 2:26:32
  Speaker 5: but I must have it otherwise we must forego the
• 2:26:35
  Speaker 5: interpretation of the dream. Well, then I will tell you
• 2:26:40
  Speaker 5: I spent the night not at home, but at the
• 2:26:42
  Speaker 5: house of a lady who means very much to me.
• 2:26:45
  Speaker 5: When we awoke in the morning, something again passed between us.
• 2:26:49
  Speaker 5: Then I went to sleep again and dreamt what I
• 2:26:51
  Speaker 5: have told you. The woman is married, Yes, and you
• 2:26:58
  Speaker 5: do not wish her to conceive a child? No, that
• 2:27:02
  Speaker 5: might betray us. Then ye do not practice normal coitus.
• 2:27:08
  Speaker 5: I'd take the precaution to withdraw before ejaculation. I am
• 2:27:12
  Speaker 5: I permitted to assume that YE did this trick several
• 2:27:15
  Speaker 5: times during the night, and that in the morning you
• 2:27:17
  Speaker 5: were not quite sure whether you had succeeded. That might
• 2:27:21
  Speaker 5: be the case, then your dream is the fulfillment of
• 2:27:25
  Speaker 5: a wish. By means of it, you secure the assurance
• 2:27:29
  Speaker 5: that you have not begotten a child, or what amounts
• 2:27:32
  Speaker 5: to the same thing that you have killed a child.
• 2:27:35
  Speaker 5: I can easily demonstrate the connecting links. Do you remember
• 2:27:39
  Speaker 5: a few days ago we were talking about the distress
• 2:27:41
  Speaker 5: of matrimony e anought, and about the inconsistency of permitting
• 2:27:47
  Speaker 5: the practice of coitus as long as no impregnation takes place,
• 2:27:51
  Speaker 5: while every delinquency after the ovum and the seamen meet
• 2:27:55
  Speaker 5: and the fetus is formed is punished as a crime.
• 2:28:00
  Speaker 5: In connection with this, we also recalled the medieval controversy
• 2:28:04
  Speaker 5: about the moment of time at which the soul is
• 2:28:06
  Speaker 5: really lodged in the fetus, since the concept of murder
• 2:28:10
  Speaker 5: becomes admissible only from that point on. Doubtless you also
• 2:28:14
  Speaker 5: know the gruesome poem by Leno which puts infanticide and
• 2:28:18
  Speaker 5: the prevention of children on the same plane. Strangely enough,
• 2:28:24
  Speaker 5: I had happened to think of Leno during the afternoon.
• 2:28:27
  Speaker 5: Another echo of your dream, and now I shall demonstrate
• 2:28:31
  Speaker 5: to you another subordinate wish fulfillment. In your dream, you
• 2:28:35
  Speaker 5: walk in front of your house with the lady on
• 2:28:37
  Speaker 5: your arm, so you take her home instead of spending
• 2:28:41
  Speaker 5: the night at her house, as you do in actuality.
• 2:28:44
  Speaker 5: The fact that this was wish fulfillment, which is the
• 2:28:47
  Speaker 5: essence of the dream, disguises itself in such an unpleasant
• 2:28:51
  Speaker 5: form has perhaps more than one reason. From my essay
• 2:28:57
  Speaker 5: on the etiology of anxiety neuroses, you will see that
• 2:29:01
  Speaker 5: I note interrupted coitus as one of the factors which
• 2:29:05
  Speaker 5: caused the development of neurotic fear. It would be consistent
• 2:29:09
  Speaker 5: with this that if after repeated cohabitation of the kind mentioned,
• 2:29:13
  Speaker 5: he should be left in an uncomfortable mood, which now
• 2:29:17
  Speaker 5: becomes an element in the composition of your dream. You
• 2:29:21
  Speaker 5: also make use of this unpleasant state of mind to
• 2:29:24
  Speaker 5: conceal the wish fulfillment. Furthermore, the mention of infanticide has
• 2:29:29
  Speaker 5: not yet been explained. Why does this crime, which is
• 2:29:33
  Speaker 5: peculiar to females occur to you? I shall confess to
• 2:29:38
  Speaker 5: you that I was involved in such an affair years ago.
• 2:29:42
  Speaker 5: Through my fault, A girl tried to protect herself from
• 2:29:45
  Speaker 5: the consequences of a liaison with me by securing an abortion.
• 2:29:50
  Speaker 5: I had nothing to do with carrying out the plan,
• 2:29:52
  Speaker 5: but I was naturally for a long time worried lest
• 2:29:55
  Speaker 5: the affair might be discovered. I understand this recollection fir
• 2:30:00
  Speaker 5: mais to second reason why the supposition that you had
• 2:30:02
  Speaker 5: done your trick badly must have been painful to you.
• 2:30:07
  Speaker 5: A young physician who had heard this dream of my
• 2:30:10
  Speaker 5: colleague when it was told, must have felt implicated by it,
• 2:30:14
  Speaker 5: for he hastened to imitate it in a dream of
• 2:30:16
  Speaker 5: his own, applying its mode of thinking to another subject.
• 2:30:21
  Speaker 5: The day before he had handed in a declaration of
• 2:30:23
  Speaker 5: his income, which was perfectly honest because he had little
• 2:30:26
  Speaker 5: to declare. He dreamt that an acquaintance of his came
• 2:30:30
  Speaker 5: from a meeting of the tax commission and informed him
• 2:30:33
  Speaker 5: that all the other declarations of income had passed uncontested,
• 2:30:37
  Speaker 5: but that his own had awakened general suspicion, and that
• 2:30:41
  Speaker 5: he would be punished with a heavy fine. The dream
• 2:30:45
  Speaker 5: is a poorly concealed fulfillment of the wish to be
• 2:30:47
  Speaker 5: known as a physician with a large income. It likewise
• 2:30:51
  Speaker 5: recalls the story of a young girl who was advised
• 2:30:54
  Speaker 5: against accepting her suitor because he was a man of
• 2:30:58
  Speaker 5: quick temper who would surely treat her to blows after
• 2:31:00
  Speaker 5: they were married. The answer of the girl was, I
• 2:31:05
  Speaker 5: wish you would strike me. Her wish to be married
• 2:31:08
  Speaker 5: is so strong that she takes into the bargain the
• 2:31:11
  Speaker 5: discomfort which is said to be connected with matrimony and
• 2:31:14
  Speaker 5: which is predicted for her, and even raises it to
• 2:31:17
  Speaker 5: a wish. If I group the very frequently occurring dreams
• 2:31:23
  Speaker 5: of this sort, which seem flatly to contradict my theory,
• 2:31:27
  Speaker 5: in that they contain the denial of a wish or
• 2:31:30
  Speaker 5: some occurrence decidedly unwished. For under the head of counter
• 2:31:34
  Speaker 5: wished dreams, I observe that they may all be referred
• 2:31:37
  Speaker 5: to two principles, of which one has not yet been mentioned,
• 2:31:42
  Speaker 5: although it plays a large part in the dreams of
• 2:31:44
  Speaker 5: human beings. One of the motives inspiring these dreams is
• 2:31:49
  Speaker 5: the wish that I should appear in the wrong. These
• 2:31:52
  Speaker 5: dreams regularly occur in the course of my treatment if
• 2:31:55
  Speaker 5: the patient shows a resistance against me, and I can
• 2:31:58
  Speaker 5: count with a large degree of certainty upon causing such
• 2:32:01
  Speaker 5: a dream after I have once explained to the patient
• 2:32:05
  Speaker 5: my theory that the dream is a wish fulfillment footnote.
• 2:32:12
  Speaker 5: Similar counter wish dreams have been repeatedly reported to me
• 2:32:16
  Speaker 5: within the last few years by my pupils, who thus
• 2:32:20
  Speaker 5: reacted to their first encounter with the wish theory of
• 2:32:23
  Speaker 5: the dream end of footnote. I may even expect this
• 2:32:31
  Speaker 5: to be the case in a dream, merely in order
• 2:32:33
  Speaker 5: to fulfill the wish that I may appear in the wrong.
• 2:32:37
  Speaker 5: The last dream, which I shall tell from those occurring
• 2:32:40
  Speaker 5: in the course of treatment, again shows this very thing.
• 2:32:43
  Speaker 5: A young girl who has struggled hard to continue my
• 2:32:46
  Speaker 5: treatment against the will of her relatives and the authorities
• 2:32:49
  Speaker 5: whom she had consulted, dreams as follows. She is forbidden
• 2:32:55
  Speaker 5: at home to come to me any more. She then
• 2:32:57
  Speaker 5: reminds me of the promise I made her to treat
• 2:33:00
  Speaker 5: her for nothing if necessary, and I say to her,
• 2:33:03
  Speaker 5: I can show no consideration in money matters. It is
• 2:33:07
  Speaker 5: not at all easy in this case to demonstrate the
• 2:33:10
  Speaker 5: fulfillment of a wish. But in all cases of this kind,
• 2:33:13
  Speaker 5: there is a second problem, the solution of which helps
• 2:33:16
  Speaker 5: also to solve the first. Where does she get the
• 2:33:19
  Speaker 5: words which she puts into my mouth? Of course, I
• 2:33:22
  Speaker 5: have never told her anything like that, but one of
• 2:33:25
  Speaker 5: her brothers, the very one who has the greatest influence
• 2:33:28
  Speaker 5: over her, has been kind enough to make this remark
• 2:33:31
  Speaker 5: about me. It is then the purpose of the dream
• 2:33:34
  Speaker 5: that this brother should remain in the right, and she
• 2:33:37
  Speaker 5: does not try to justify this brother merely in the dream.
• 2:33:40
  Speaker 5: It is her purpose in life and the motive for
• 2:33:43
  Speaker 5: her being ill. The other motive for counterwish dreams is
• 2:33:49
  Speaker 5: so clear that there is danger of overlooking it, as
• 2:33:54
  Speaker 5: for some time happened in my own case. In the
• 2:33:57
  Speaker 5: sexual make up of many people, there is a mesa
• 2:34:00
  Speaker 5: chistic component which has arisens through the conversion of the
• 2:34:03
  Speaker 5: aggressive sadistic component into its opposite. Such people are called
• 2:34:09
  Speaker 5: ideal mazarchists if they seek pleasure not in the bodily
• 2:34:13
  Speaker 5: pained which may be inflicted upon them, but in humiliation
• 2:34:17
  Speaker 5: and in chastisement of the soul. It is obvious that
• 2:34:21
  Speaker 5: such persons can have counter wish dreams and disagreeable dreams, which, however,
• 2:34:27
  Speaker 5: for them, are nothing but wish fulfillment, affording satisfaction for
• 2:34:31
  Speaker 5: their mazarchistic inclinations. Here is such a dream. A young
• 2:34:36
  Speaker 5: man who has in earlier years tormented his elder brother
• 2:34:40
  Speaker 5: towards whom he was homosexually inclined, but who had undergone
• 2:34:44
  Speaker 5: a complete change of character, has the following dream, which
• 2:34:47
  Speaker 5: consists of three parts One he is insulted by his brother.
• 2:34:53
  Speaker 5: Two two adults are caressing each other with homosexual intentions.
• 2:34:58
  Speaker 5: Three his my brother has sold the enterprise whose management
• 2:35:02
  Speaker 5: the young man reserved for his own future. He awakens
• 2:35:06
  Speaker 5: from the last mentioned dream with the most unpleasant feelings,
• 2:35:10
  Speaker 5: And yet it is a masochistic wish dream, which might
• 2:35:13
  Speaker 5: be translated it would serve me quite right if my
• 2:35:16
  Speaker 5: brother were to make that sale against my interest, as
• 2:35:18
  Speaker 5: a punishment for all the torments which he has suffered
• 2:35:21
  Speaker 5: at my hands. I hope that the above discussion and
• 2:35:27
  Speaker 5: examples will suffice until further objection can be raised to
• 2:35:31
  Speaker 5: make it seem credible that even dreams with the painful
• 2:35:34
  Speaker 5: content are to be analyzed as the fulfillment of wishes.
• 2:35:39
  Speaker 5: Nor will it seem a matter of chance that in
• 2:35:41
  Speaker 5: the course of interpretation one always happens upon subjects of
• 2:35:45
  Speaker 5: which one does not like to speak or think. The
• 2:35:49
  Speaker 5: disagreeable sensation with which such dreams arouse is simply identical
• 2:35:54
  Speaker 5: with the antipathy which endeavors, usually with success, to restrain
• 2:35:58
  Speaker 5: us from the treatment or discussion of such subjects, and
• 2:36:02
  Speaker 5: which must be overcome by all of us, if, in
• 2:36:05
  Speaker 5: spite of its unpleasantness, we find it necessary to take
• 2:36:08
  Speaker 5: the matter in hand. But this disagreeable sensation, which occurs
• 2:36:14
  Speaker 5: also in dreams, does not preclude the existence of a wish.
• 2:36:18
  Speaker 5: Everyone has wishes which he would not like to tell
• 2:36:21
  Speaker 5: to others, which he does not want to admit even
• 2:36:24
  Speaker 5: to himself. We are, on other grands, justified in connecting
• 2:36:28
  Speaker 5: the disagreeable character of all these dreams with the fact
• 2:36:31
  Speaker 5: of dream disfigurement, and in concluding that these dreams are distorted,
• 2:36:36
  Speaker 5: and that the wish fulfillment in them is disguised until
• 2:36:39
  Speaker 5: recognition is impossible, for no other reason than that the
• 2:36:43
  Speaker 5: repugnance a will to suppress exists in relation to the
• 2:36:46
  Speaker 5: subject matter of the dream, or in relation to the
• 2:36:49
  Speaker 5: wish which the dream creates. Dream disfigurement then turns out
• 2:36:55
  Speaker 5: in reality to be an act of the censor. We
• 2:36:58
  Speaker 5: shall take into consideration everything which the analysis of disagreeable
• 2:37:02
  Speaker 5: dreams has brought to light. If we reword our formula
• 2:37:06
  Speaker 5: as follows, the dream is the disguised fulfillment of a suppressed,
• 2:37:12
  Speaker 5: repressed wish. Now there still remains as a particular species
• 2:37:20
  Speaker 5: of dreams with painful content, dreams of anxiety, the inclusion
• 2:37:25
  Speaker 5: of which under dreams of wishing will find least acceptance
• 2:37:28
  Speaker 5: with the uninitiated. But I can settle the problem of
• 2:37:32
  Speaker 5: anxiety dreams in very short order, for what they may
• 2:37:35
  Speaker 5: reveal is not a new aspect of the dream problem.
• 2:37:39
  Speaker 5: It is a question in their case of understanding neurotic anxiety.
• 2:37:43
  Speaker 5: In general, the fear which we experience in the dream
• 2:37:47
  Speaker 5: is only seemingly explained by the dream content. If we
• 2:37:51
  Speaker 5: subject to the content of the dream to analysis, we
• 2:37:54
  Speaker 5: become aware that the dream fear is no more justified
• 2:37:57
  Speaker 5: by the dream content than the fear a phobia is
• 2:38:01
  Speaker 5: justified by the idea upon which the phobia depends. For example,
• 2:38:06
  Speaker 5: it is true that it is possible to fall out
• 2:38:08
  Speaker 5: of a window, and that some care must be exercised
• 2:38:11
  Speaker 5: when one is near a window. But it is inexplicable
• 2:38:14
  Speaker 5: why the anxiety in the corresponding phobia is so great,
• 2:38:19
  Speaker 5: and why it follows its victims to an extent so
• 2:38:22
  Speaker 5: much greater than is warranted by its origin. The same explanation, then,
• 2:38:29
  Speaker 5: which applies to the phobia, applies also to the dream
• 2:38:32
  Speaker 5: of anxiety. In both cases, the anxiety is only superficially
• 2:38:37
  Speaker 5: attached to the idea which accompanies it and comes from
• 2:38:40
  Speaker 5: another source. On account of the intimate relation of dream
• 2:38:45
  Speaker 5: fear to neurotic fear, discussion of the former obliges me
• 2:38:48
  Speaker 5: to refer to the latter in a Little Essay on
• 2:38:52
  Speaker 5: the anxiety neurosis footnote see Selected papers on Histeria and
• 2:39:00
  Speaker 5: other psychoneurosis, page one hundred thirty three, translated by A. A.
• 2:39:05
  Speaker 5: Brill Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases Monograph series. End
• 2:39:11
  Speaker 5: of footnote. I maintained that neurotic fear has its origin
• 2:39:18
  Speaker 5: in the sexual life and corresponds to a libido which
• 2:39:22
  Speaker 5: has been turned away from its object and has not
• 2:39:25
  Speaker 5: succeeded in being applied. From this formula, which has since
• 2:39:29
  Speaker 5: proved its validity more and more clearly, we may deduce
• 2:39:33
  Speaker 5: the conclusion that the content of anxiety dreams is of
• 2:39:37
  Speaker 5: a sexual nature, the libido belonging to which content has
• 2:39:40
  Speaker 5: been transformed into fear. End of Chapter four, Dream Analysis.
• 2:39:50
  Speaker 6: Section five Sex in Dreams. The more one is occupied
• 2:39:56
  Speaker 6: with the solution of dreams, the more willing one must
• 2:39:59
  Speaker 6: be come to acknowledge that the majority of the dreams
• 2:40:03
  Speaker 6: of adults treat of sexual material and give expression to
• 2:40:07
  Speaker 6: erotic wishes. Only one who really analyzes dreams, that is
• 2:40:13
  Speaker 6: to say, who pushes forward from their manifest content to
• 2:40:16
  Speaker 6: the latent dream thoughts, can form an opinion on this subject,
• 2:40:21
  Speaker 6: never the person who is satisfied with registering the manifest content.
• 2:40:25
  Speaker 6: As for example, Naki in his works on sexual dreams.
• 2:40:31
  Speaker 6: Let us recognize at once that this fact is not
• 2:40:34
  Speaker 6: to be wondered at, but that it is in complete
• 2:40:37
  Speaker 6: harmony with the fundamental assumptions of dream explanation. No other
• 2:40:42
  Speaker 6: impulse has had to undergo so much suppression from the
• 2:40:46
  Speaker 6: time of childhood as the sex impulse, in its numerous
• 2:40:50
  Speaker 6: components from no other impulse have survived so many and
• 2:40:54
  Speaker 6: such intense unconscious wishes which now act in the sleeping
• 2:40:59
  Speaker 6: state in seance such a manner as to produce dreams.
• 2:41:03
  Speaker 6: In dream interpretation, this significance of sexual complexes must never
• 2:41:08
  Speaker 6: be forgotten, nor must they, of course, be exaggerated to
• 2:41:12
  Speaker 6: the point of being considered exclusive of many dreams. It
• 2:41:17
  Speaker 6: can be ascertained by a careful interpretation that they are
• 2:41:21
  Speaker 6: even to be taken bisexually, inasmuch as they result in
• 2:41:25
  Speaker 6: an irrefutable secondary interpretation in which they realize homosexual feelings,
• 2:41:31
  Speaker 6: that is, feelings that are common to the normal sexual
• 2:41:34
  Speaker 6: activity of the dreaming person. But that all dreams are
• 2:41:39
  Speaker 6: to be interpreted bisexually seems to me to be a
• 2:41:42
  Speaker 6: generalization as indemonstrable as it is improbable, which I should
• 2:41:48
  Speaker 6: not like to support. Above all, I should not know
• 2:41:52
  Speaker 6: how to dispose of the apparent fact that there are
• 2:41:54
  Speaker 6: many dreams satisfying other than in the widest sense erotic needs,
• 2:42:00
  Speaker 6: as dreams of hunger, thirst, convenience, et cetera. Likewise, the
• 2:42:06
  Speaker 6: similar assertions quote that behind every dream one finds the
• 2:42:10
  Speaker 6: death sentence unquote Stecle, and that every dream shows quote
• 2:42:16
  Speaker 6: a continuation from the feminine to the masculine line unquote Adler,
• 2:42:21
  Speaker 6: seem to me to proceed far beyond what is admissible
• 2:42:25
  Speaker 6: in the interpretation of dreams. We have already asserted elsewhere
• 2:42:30
  Speaker 6: the dreams, which are conspicuously innocent, invariably embody coarse erotic wishes,
• 2:42:36
  Speaker 6: and we might confirm this by means of numerous fresh examples.
• 2:42:41
  Speaker 6: But many dreams which appear indifferent and which would never
• 2:42:44
  Speaker 6: be suspected of any particular significance, can be traced back
• 2:42:49
  Speaker 6: after analysis to unmistakably sexual wish feelings, which are often
• 2:42:54
  Speaker 6: of an unexpected nature. For example, who would suspect a
• 2:42:59
  Speaker 6: sexual wish? And the following dream until the interpretation had
• 2:43:03
  Speaker 6: been worked out, the dreamer relates between two stately palaces,
• 2:43:08
  Speaker 6: stands a little house receding somewhat, whose doors are closed.
• 2:43:13
  Speaker 6: My wife leads me a little way along the street
• 2:43:16
  Speaker 6: up to the little house and pushes in the door,
• 2:43:20
  Speaker 6: And then I slip quickly and easily into the interior
• 2:43:23
  Speaker 6: of a courtyard that slants obliquely upwards. Anyone who has
• 2:43:29
  Speaker 6: had experience in the translating dreams will of course immediately
• 2:43:33
  Speaker 6: perceive the penetrating into narrow spaces and opening locked doors
• 2:43:38
  Speaker 6: belong to the commonest sexual symbolism, and will easily find
• 2:43:42
  Speaker 6: in this dream a representation of attempted equation from behind
• 2:43:48
  Speaker 6: between the two stately buttocks of the female body. The narrow,
• 2:43:52
  Speaker 6: slanting passage is, of course the vagina. The assistance attributed
• 2:43:57
  Speaker 6: to the wife of the dreamer requires the interpretation that
• 2:44:01
  Speaker 6: in reality it is only consideration for the wife which
• 2:44:05
  Speaker 6: is responsible for the detention from such an attempt. Moreover,
• 2:44:10
  Speaker 6: inquiry shows that on the previous day, a young girl
• 2:44:13
  Speaker 6: had entered the household of the dreamer, who had pleased him,
• 2:44:17
  Speaker 6: and who had given him the impression that she would
• 2:44:19
  Speaker 6: not be altogether opposed to an approach of this sort.
• 2:44:23
  Speaker 6: The little house between the two palaces is taken from
• 2:44:27
  Speaker 6: a reminiscence of the Fragan in Prague, and thus points
• 2:44:31
  Speaker 6: again to the girl, who is a native of that city.
• 2:44:36
  Speaker 6: If with my patience I emphasize the frequency of the
• 2:44:39
  Speaker 6: Oedipus dream of having sexual intercourse with one's mother, I
• 2:44:43
  Speaker 6: get the answer I cannot remember such a dream. Immediately afterwards, however,
• 2:44:48
  Speaker 6: there arises the recollection of another disguised and indifferent dream
• 2:44:53
  Speaker 6: which has been dreamed repeatedly by the patient, and the
• 2:44:56
  Speaker 6: analysis shows it to be a dream of this same content.
• 2:45:00
  Speaker 6: That is, another Oedipus dream. I can assure the reader
• 2:45:04
  Speaker 6: that veiled dreams of sexual intercourse with the mother are
• 2:45:07
  Speaker 6: a great deal more frequent than open ones. To the
• 2:45:10
  Speaker 6: same effect, there are dreams about landscapes and localities, in
• 2:45:15
  Speaker 6: which emphasis is always laid upon the assurance I have
• 2:45:18
  Speaker 6: been there before. In this case, the locality is always
• 2:45:22
  Speaker 6: the genital organ of the mother. It can indeed be
• 2:45:25
  Speaker 6: asserted with such certainty of no other locality that one
• 2:45:30
  Speaker 6: has been there before. A large number of dreams, often
• 2:45:34
  Speaker 6: full of fear, which are concerned with passing through narrow
• 2:45:37
  Speaker 6: spaces or with staying in the water, are based upon
• 2:45:41
  Speaker 6: fancies about the embryonic life, about the sojourn in the
• 2:45:45
  Speaker 6: mother's womb, and about the act of birth. The following
• 2:45:49
  Speaker 6: is the dream of the young man, who, in his fancy,
• 2:45:52
  Speaker 6: has already while an embryo, taken advantage of his opportunity
• 2:45:56
  Speaker 6: to spy upon an act of coition between his parents.
• 2:46:01
  Speaker 6: He is in a deep shaft in which there is
• 2:46:03
  Speaker 6: a window, as in the summering tunnel. At first he
• 2:46:07
  Speaker 6: sees an empty landscape through this window, and then he
• 2:46:10
  Speaker 6: composes a picture into it, which is immediately at hand,
• 2:46:14
  Speaker 6: and which fills out the empty space. The picture represents
• 2:46:18
  Speaker 6: a field which is being thoroughly harrowed by an implement,
• 2:46:21
  Speaker 6: and the delightful air, the accompanying idea of hard work,
• 2:46:25
  Speaker 6: and the bluish black clods of earth make a pleasant impression.
• 2:46:30
  Speaker 6: He then goes on and sees a primary school opened,
• 2:46:33
  Speaker 6: and he is surprised that so much attention is devoted
• 2:46:36
  Speaker 6: in it to the sexual feelings of the child. Which
• 2:46:40
  Speaker 6: makes him think of me. Here is a pretty water
• 2:46:43
  Speaker 6: dream of a female patient which was turned to extraordinary
• 2:46:47
  Speaker 6: account in the course of treatment at her summer resort
• 2:46:51
  Speaker 6: at the lake. She hurls herself into the dark water
• 2:46:55
  Speaker 6: at a place where the pale moon is reflected in
• 2:46:58
  Speaker 6: the water. Dreams of this sort are partuician dreams. Their
• 2:47:04
  Speaker 6: interpretation is accomplished by reversing the fact reported in the
• 2:47:08
  Speaker 6: manifest dream content. Thus, instead of throwing one's self into
• 2:47:13
  Speaker 6: the water read coming out of the water, that is
• 2:47:17
  Speaker 6: being born. The place from which one is born is
• 2:47:21
  Speaker 6: recognized if one thinks of the bad sense of the
• 2:47:24
  Speaker 6: French lalon. The pale moon thus becomes the white quote
• 2:47:29
  Speaker 6: bottom unquote popo, which the child soon recognizes as the
• 2:47:34
  Speaker 6: place from which it came. Now, what can be the
• 2:47:37
  Speaker 6: meaning of the patient's wishing to be born at her
• 2:47:40
  Speaker 6: summer resort? I asked the dreamer this, and she answered
• 2:47:44
  Speaker 6: without hesitation, hasn't the treatment made me as though I
• 2:47:47
  Speaker 6: were born again? Thus the dream becomes an invitation to
• 2:47:52
  Speaker 6: continue the cure at this summer resort, that is, to
• 2:47:56
  Speaker 6: visit her there. Perhaps it also contains a very bashful
• 2:48:00
  Speaker 6: allusion to the wish to become a mother herself. Another
• 2:48:05
  Speaker 6: dream of parturition, with its interpretation I take from the
• 2:48:10
  Speaker 6: work of E. Jones. Quote. She stood at the seashore
• 2:48:15
  Speaker 6: watching a small boy who seemed to be hers, wading
• 2:48:18
  Speaker 6: into the water. This he did till the water covered
• 2:48:21
  Speaker 6: him and she could only see his head bobbing up
• 2:48:24
  Speaker 6: and down near the surface. The scene then changed to
• 2:48:28
  Speaker 6: the crowded hall of a hotel. Her husband left her
• 2:48:32
  Speaker 6: and she entered into conversation with a stranger unquote. The
• 2:48:37
  Speaker 6: second half of the dream was discovered in the analysis
• 2:48:41
  Speaker 6: to represent a flight from her husband and the entering
• 2:48:44
  Speaker 6: into intimate relations with a third person behind whom was
• 2:48:48
  Speaker 6: plainly indicated mister X's brother mentioned in a former dream.
• 2:48:53
  Speaker 6: The first part of the dream was a fairly evident
• 2:48:56
  Speaker 6: birth fantasy. In dreams, as in mythology, the delivery of
• 2:49:00
  Speaker 6: a child from the uterine waters is commonly presented by
• 2:49:04
  Speaker 6: distortion as the entry of the child into water, among
• 2:49:09
  Speaker 6: many others. The births of Adonis, Osiris, Moses, and Bacchus
• 2:49:14
  Speaker 6: are well known illustrations of this. The bobbing up and
• 2:49:18
  Speaker 6: down of the head in the water at once recalled
• 2:49:21
  Speaker 6: to the patient the sensation of quickening she had experienced
• 2:49:25
  Speaker 6: in her only pregnancy. Thinking of the boy going into
• 2:49:29
  Speaker 6: the water induced a reverie in which she saw herself
• 2:49:32
  Speaker 6: taking him out of the water, carrying him into the nursery,
• 2:49:36
  Speaker 6: washing him and dressing him, and installing him in her household.
• 2:49:41
  Speaker 6: The second half of the dream therefore represents thoughts concerning
• 2:49:45
  Speaker 6: the elopement, which belonged to the first half of the
• 2:49:48
  Speaker 6: underlying latent content. The first half of the dream corresponded
• 2:49:53
  Speaker 6: with the second half of the latent content, the birth fantasy.
• 2:49:58
  Speaker 6: In the first half, the child entered the water and
• 2:50:01
  Speaker 6: then his head bobbed. In the underlying dream thoughts, first
• 2:50:05
  Speaker 6: the quickening occurred, and then the child left the water,
• 2:50:08
  Speaker 6: a double inversion. In the second half, her husband left her.
• 2:50:12
  Speaker 6: In the dream thoughts she left her husband. Another Partuiician
• 2:50:17
  Speaker 6: dream is related by Abraham of a young woman looking
• 2:50:21
  Speaker 6: forward to her first confinement. From a place in the
• 2:50:24
  Speaker 6: floor of the house, a subterranean canal leads directly into
• 2:50:29
  Speaker 6: the water Partuiician path amniotic liquor. She lifts up a
• 2:50:34
  Speaker 6: trap in the floor and there immediately appears a creature
• 2:50:37
  Speaker 6: dressed in a brownish fur, which almost resembles a seal.
• 2:50:42
  Speaker 6: This creature changes into the young brother of the dreamer
• 2:50:45
  Speaker 6: to whom she has always stood in maternal relationship. Dreams
• 2:50:49
  Speaker 6: of saving are connected with Parturisian dreams. To save, especially
• 2:50:55
  Speaker 6: to save from the water, is equivalent to giving birth
• 2:50:58
  Speaker 6: when dreamed by a woman. This sense is, however, modified
• 2:51:02
  Speaker 6: when the dreamer is a man. Robbers, burglars at night,
• 2:51:07
  Speaker 6: and ghosts of which we are afraid before going to bed,
• 2:51:11
  Speaker 6: and which occasionally even disturb our sleep originate in one
• 2:51:15
  Speaker 6: and the same childish reminiscence. They are the nightly visitors
• 2:51:20
  Speaker 6: who have awakened the child to set it on the
• 2:51:22
  Speaker 6: chamber so that it may not wet the bed, or
• 2:51:25
  Speaker 6: have lifted the cover in order to see clearly how
• 2:51:28
  Speaker 6: the child is holding its hands while sleeping. I have
• 2:51:32
  Speaker 6: been able to induce an exact recollection of the nocturnal
• 2:51:35
  Speaker 6: visitor in the analysis of some of these anxiety dreams.
• 2:51:39
  Speaker 6: The robbers were always the father. The ghosts more probably
• 2:51:43
  Speaker 6: corresponded to feminine persons with white night gowns. When one
• 2:51:48
  Speaker 6: has become familiar with the abundant use of symbolism for
• 2:51:51
  Speaker 6: the representation of sexual material in dreams, one naturally raises
• 2:51:56
  Speaker 6: the question whether there are not many of these symbols
• 2:51:59
  Speaker 6: which appear once and for all with a firmly established significance,
• 2:52:04
  Speaker 6: like the science and stenography, And one is tempted to
• 2:52:08
  Speaker 6: compile a new dream book according to the cipher method.
• 2:52:11
  Speaker 6: In this connection, it may be remarked that this symbol
• 2:52:14
  Speaker 6: does not belong peculiarly to the dream, but rather to
• 2:52:18
  Speaker 6: unconscious thinking, particularly that of the masses. And it is
• 2:52:23
  Speaker 6: to be found in greater perfection in the folklore, in
• 2:52:26
  Speaker 6: the myths, legends and manners of speech, in the proverbial sayings,
• 2:52:30
  Speaker 6: and in the current witticisms of a nation, than in
• 2:52:33
  Speaker 6: its dreams. The dream takes advantage of this symbolism in
• 2:52:38
  Speaker 6: order to give a disguised representation to its latent thoughts.
• 2:52:43
  Speaker 6: Among the symbols which are used in this manner, there
• 2:52:46
  Speaker 6: are of course many which regularly or almost regularly mean
• 2:52:50
  Speaker 6: the same thing. Only it is necessary to keep in
• 2:52:54
  Speaker 6: mind the curious plasticity of psychic material. Now and then
• 2:52:59
  Speaker 6: a symbol in the dream content may have to be
• 2:53:02
  Speaker 6: interpreted not symbolically, but according to its real meaning. At
• 2:53:07
  Speaker 6: another time, the dreamer, owing to a peculiar set of
• 2:53:10
  Speaker 6: recollections may create for himself the right to use anything
• 2:53:14
  Speaker 6: whatever as a sexual symbol, though it is not ordinarily
• 2:53:18
  Speaker 6: used in that way, nor are the most frequently used
• 2:53:22
  Speaker 6: sexual symbols unambiguous. Every time after these limitations and reservations,
• 2:53:29
  Speaker 6: I may call attention to the following Emperor and Empress,
• 2:53:34
  Speaker 6: King and Queen, in most cases really represent the parents
• 2:53:38
  Speaker 6: of the dreamer. The dreamer himself or herself is the
• 2:53:42
  Speaker 6: prince or princess. All elongated objects sticks, tree trunks, and umbrellas,
• 2:53:48
  Speaker 6: on account of the stretching up, which might be compared
• 2:53:51
  Speaker 6: to an erection. All elongated and sharp weapons, knives, daggers,
• 2:53:57
  Speaker 6: and pikes are intended to represent the man member. A frequent,
• 2:54:02
  Speaker 6: not very intelligible symbol for the same is a nail file,
• 2:54:06
  Speaker 6: on account of the rubbing and scraping. Little cases, boxes, caskets, closets,
• 2:54:13
  Speaker 6: and stoves correspond to the female part. The symbolism of
• 2:54:18
  Speaker 6: lock and key has been very gracefully employed in Uhland
• 2:54:23
  Speaker 6: in his song about the Grayffon Eberstein to make a
• 2:54:26
  Speaker 6: common smuddy joke, the dream of walking through a row
• 2:54:30
  Speaker 6: of rooms is a brothel or harem dream staircases ladders
• 2:54:35
  Speaker 6: and flights of stairs, or climbing on these, either upwards
• 2:54:39
  Speaker 6: or downwards, are symbolic representations of the sexual act. Smooth
• 2:54:44
  Speaker 6: walls over which one is climbing, facades of houses upon
• 2:54:48
  Speaker 6: which one is letting oneself down, frequently under great anxiety,
• 2:54:53
  Speaker 6: correspond to the erect human body, and probably repeat in
• 2:54:58
  Speaker 6: the dream reminiscences of the upper climbing of little children
• 2:55:02
  Speaker 6: on their parents or foster parents. Smooth walls are men.
• 2:55:06
  Speaker 6: Often in a dream of anxiety, one is holding on
• 2:55:10
  Speaker 6: firmly to some projection from a house. Tables, set tables
• 2:55:14
  Speaker 6: and boards are women, perhaps on account of the opposition
• 2:55:18
  Speaker 6: which does away with the bodily contours. Since bed and
• 2:55:23
  Speaker 6: board mensa a thoris constitute marriage, the former are often
• 2:55:29
  Speaker 6: put for the latter in the dream, and as far
• 2:55:32
  Speaker 6: as practicable, the sexual presentation complex is transposed to the
• 2:55:37
  Speaker 6: eating complex of articles of dress. The woman's hat may
• 2:55:42
  Speaker 6: frequently be definitely interpreted as the male genital. In dreams
• 2:55:46
  Speaker 6: of men, one often finds the cravat as a symbol
• 2:55:50
  Speaker 6: for the penis. This, indeed, is not only because cravats
• 2:55:54
  Speaker 6: hang down long and are characteristic of the man, but
• 2:55:58
  Speaker 6: also because one can select them at pleasure, a freedom
• 2:56:01
  Speaker 6: which is prohibited by nature in the original of the symbol.
• 2:56:06
  Speaker 6: Persons who make use of this symbol in the dream
• 2:56:09
  Speaker 6: are very extravagant with cravats and possess regular collections of them.
• 2:56:14
  Speaker 6: All complicated machines and apparatus in dream are very probably genitals,
• 2:56:19
  Speaker 6: in the description of which dream symbolism shows itself to
• 2:56:23
  Speaker 6: be as tireless as the activity of wit. Likewise, many
• 2:56:28
  Speaker 6: landscapes and dreams, especially with bridges or with wooded mountains,
• 2:56:32
  Speaker 6: can be readily recognized as descriptions of the genitals. Finally,
• 2:56:37
  Speaker 6: where one finds incomprehensible neologisms, one may think of combinations
• 2:56:42
  Speaker 6: made up of components having a sexual significance. Children, also
• 2:56:47
  Speaker 6: in the dream, often signify the genitals as men and
• 2:56:51
  Speaker 6: women are in the habit of fondly referring to their
• 2:56:54
  Speaker 6: genital organ as their little one. As a very recent
• 2:56:59
  Speaker 6: symbol of the male genital may be mentioned the flying machine,
• 2:57:03
  Speaker 6: utilization of which is justified by its relation to flying,
• 2:57:07
  Speaker 6: as well as occasionally by its form. To play with
• 2:57:11
  Speaker 6: the little child or to beat a little one is
• 2:57:13
  Speaker 6: often the dream's representation of onanism. A number of other symbols,
• 2:57:20
  Speaker 6: in part not sufficiently verified, are given by Steckel, who
• 2:57:24
  Speaker 6: illustrates them with examples right and left according to him,
• 2:57:28
  Speaker 6: or to be conceived in the dream in an ethical sense. Quote,
• 2:57:33
  Speaker 6: the right way always signifies the road to righteousness, the
• 2:57:36
  Speaker 6: left the one to crime. Thus the left may signify homosexuality, incest,
• 2:57:42
  Speaker 6: and perversion, while the right signifies marriage, relations with a prostitute,
• 2:57:48
  Speaker 6: et cetera. The meaning is always determined by the individual
• 2:57:52
  Speaker 6: moral viewpoint of the dreamer. Unquote, relatives in the dream
• 2:57:58
  Speaker 6: generally play the role of genia. Not to be able
• 2:58:01
  Speaker 6: to catch up with a wagon is interpreted by Steckel
• 2:58:04
  Speaker 6: as regret not to be able to come up to
• 2:58:07
  Speaker 6: a difference in age. Baggage with which one travels is
• 2:58:10
  Speaker 6: the burden of sin by which one is oppressed. Also,
• 2:58:14
  Speaker 6: numbers which frequently occur in the dream are assigned by
• 2:58:17
  Speaker 6: Stecyl a fixed symbolical meaning. But these interpretations seem neither
• 2:58:23
  Speaker 6: sufficiently verified nor of general validity, although the interpretation in
• 2:58:28
  Speaker 6: individual cases can generally be recognized as probable. In a
• 2:58:34
  Speaker 6: recently published book by W. Stecyl, Dispraque de Traumme, which
• 2:58:39
  Speaker 6: I was enable to utilize. There is a list of
• 2:58:42
  Speaker 6: the most common sexual symbols, the object of which is
• 2:58:46
  Speaker 6: to prove that all sexual symbols can be bisexually used.
• 2:58:50
  Speaker 6: He states, quote, is there a symbol which parenthesy, if
• 2:58:55
  Speaker 6: in any way permitted by the fantasy, parenthesy may not
• 2:58:59
  Speaker 6: be used simultaneously in the masculine and feminine sense. To
• 2:59:04
  Speaker 6: be sure, the clause in parentheses takes away much of
• 2:59:07
  Speaker 6: the absoluteness of this assertion, for this is not at
• 2:59:10
  Speaker 6: all permitted by the phantasy. I do not, however, think
• 2:59:14
  Speaker 6: it superfluous to state that, in my experience Steckel's general
• 2:59:19
  Speaker 6: statement has to give way to the recognition of a
• 2:59:22
  Speaker 6: greater manifoldness. Besides those symbols which are just as frequent
• 2:59:27
  Speaker 6: for the male as for the female genitals, there are
• 2:59:30
  Speaker 6: others which preponderately or almost exclusively designate one of the sexes.
• 2:59:36
  Speaker 6: And there are still others of which only the male
• 2:59:39
  Speaker 6: or only the female signification is known. To use long,
• 2:59:43
  Speaker 6: firm objects and weapons as symbols of the female genitals
• 2:59:47
  Speaker 6: or hollow objects chests pouches as symbols of the male
• 2:59:51
  Speaker 6: genitals is indeed not allowed by the fancy. It is
• 2:59:56
  Speaker 6: true that the tendency of the dream and the unconscious
• 2:59:59
  Speaker 6: fancy to utilize the sexual symbol bisexually betrays an archaic trend,
• 3:00:05
  Speaker 6: for in children a difference in the genitals is unknown,
• 3:00:08
  Speaker 6: and the same genitals are attributed to both sexes. These
• 3:00:12
  Speaker 6: very incomplete suggestions may suffice to stimulate others to make
• 3:00:16
  Speaker 6: a more careful collection. I shall now add a few
• 3:00:20
  Speaker 6: examples of the application of such symbolisms and dreams, which
• 3:00:24
  Speaker 6: will serve to show how impossible it becomes to interpret
• 3:00:28
  Speaker 6: a dream without taking into account the symbolism of dreams,
• 3:00:32
  Speaker 6: and how imperatively it obtrudes itself in many cases. One
• 3:00:37
  Speaker 6: the hat as a symbol of a man of the
• 3:00:39
  Speaker 6: male genital, a fragment from the dream of a young
• 3:00:43
  Speaker 6: woman who suffered from agoraphobia on account of a fear
• 3:00:46
  Speaker 6: of temptation. Quote. I am walking in the street in summer.
• 3:00:51
  Speaker 6: I wear a straw hat of peculiar shape, the middle
• 3:00:55
  Speaker 6: piece of which is bent upwards, and the side pieces
• 3:00:57
  Speaker 6: of which hang downwards. The discription became here obstructed, and
• 3:01:02
  Speaker 6: in such a fashion that one is lower than the other.
• 3:01:05
  Speaker 6: I am cheerful and in a confidential mood and as
• 3:01:08
  Speaker 6: I pass a troop of young officers, I think to myself,
• 3:01:12
  Speaker 6: none of you can have any designs upon me. As
• 3:01:17
  Speaker 6: she could produce no associations to the hat, I said
• 3:01:20
  Speaker 6: to her, the hat is really a male genital, with
• 3:01:23
  Speaker 6: its raised middle piece and the two downward hanging side pieces.
• 3:01:28
  Speaker 6: I intentionally refrained from interpreting those details concerning the unequal
• 3:01:33
  Speaker 6: downward hanging of the two side pieces, although just such
• 3:01:37
  Speaker 6: individualities in the determinations lead the way to the interpretation.
• 3:01:42
  Speaker 6: I continued by saying that if she only had a
• 3:01:45
  Speaker 6: man with such a virile genital, she would not have
• 3:01:48
  Speaker 6: to fear the officers. That is, she would have nothing
• 3:01:51
  Speaker 6: to wish from them, for she is mainly kept from
• 3:01:54
  Speaker 6: going without protection and company by her fancies of temptation.
• 3:01:59
  Speaker 6: This last explained of her fear I had already been
• 3:02:02
  Speaker 6: able to give her repeatedly on the basis of other material.
• 3:02:07
  Speaker 6: It is quite remarkable how the dreamer behaved after this interpretation.
• 3:02:12
  Speaker 6: She withdrew her description of the hat and claimed not
• 3:02:15
  Speaker 6: to have said that the two side pieces were hanging downwards.
• 3:02:19
  Speaker 6: I was, however, too sure of what I had heard
• 3:02:21
  Speaker 6: to allow myself to be misled, and I persisted in it.
• 3:02:25
  Speaker 6: She was quiet for a while and then found the
• 3:02:28
  Speaker 6: courage to ask why it was that one of her
• 3:02:30
  Speaker 6: husband's testicles was lower than the other, and whether it
• 3:02:33
  Speaker 6: was the same in all men. With this, the peculiar
• 3:02:37
  Speaker 6: detail of the hat was explained and the whole interpretation
• 3:02:40
  Speaker 6: was accepted by her. The hat symbol was familiar to
• 3:02:44
  Speaker 6: me long before the patient related this dream from other
• 3:02:47
  Speaker 6: but less transparent cases. I believed that the hat may
• 3:02:51
  Speaker 6: also be taken as a female genital two, the little
• 3:02:56
  Speaker 6: one as the genital to be run over as a
• 3:02:59
  Speaker 6: symbol of section will intercourse another dream of the same
• 3:03:02
  Speaker 6: agoraphobic patient quote her mother sends away her little daughter
• 3:03:08
  Speaker 6: so that she must go alone. She rides with her
• 3:03:11
  Speaker 6: mother to the railroad and sees her little one walking
• 3:03:14
  Speaker 6: directly upon the tracks so that she cannot avoid being
• 3:03:17
  Speaker 6: run over. She hears the bones crackle. From this, she
• 3:03:21
  Speaker 6: experiences a feeling of discomfort, but no real horror. She
• 3:03:26
  Speaker 6: then looks out through the car window to see whether
• 3:03:28
  Speaker 6: the parts cannot be seen behind. She then reproaches her
• 3:03:32
  Speaker 6: mother for allowing the little one to go out alone.
• 3:03:36
  Speaker 6: Unquote analysis, it is not an easy matter to give
• 3:03:41
  Speaker 6: here a complete interpretation of the dream. It forms part
• 3:03:44
  Speaker 6: of a cycle of dreams and can be fully understood
• 3:03:47
  Speaker 6: only in connection with the others, for it is not
• 3:03:51
  Speaker 6: easy to get the necessary material sufficiently isolated to prove
• 3:03:55
  Speaker 6: the symbolism. The patient at first finds that the railroad
• 3:03:59
  Speaker 6: journey is to be interpreted historically as an allusion to
• 3:04:03
  Speaker 6: a departure from a sanatorium for nervous diseases with the
• 3:04:07
  Speaker 6: superintendent of which she naturally was in love. Her mother
• 3:04:11
  Speaker 6: took her away from this place, and the physician came
• 3:04:14
  Speaker 6: to the railroad station and handed her a bouquet of flowers.
• 3:04:17
  Speaker 6: On leaving, she felt uncomfortable because her mother witnessed this homage. Here,
• 3:04:23
  Speaker 6: the mother therefore appears as a disturber of her love affairs,
• 3:04:26
  Speaker 6: which is the role actually played by this strict woman
• 3:04:30
  Speaker 6: during her daughter's girlhood. The next thought referred to the
• 3:04:34
  Speaker 6: sentence quote. She then looks to see whether the parts
• 3:04:37
  Speaker 6: can be seen behind unquote in the dream facade, one
• 3:04:42
  Speaker 6: would naturally be compelled to think of the parts of
• 3:04:45
  Speaker 6: the little daughter run over and ground up. The thought, however,
• 3:04:50
  Speaker 6: turns in quite a different direction. She recalls that she
• 3:04:53
  Speaker 6: once saw her father in the bathroom naked from behind.
• 3:04:56
  Speaker 6: She then begins to talk about the sex differentiation and
• 3:05:00
  Speaker 6: asserts that in the man, the genitals can be seen
• 3:05:03
  Speaker 6: from behind, but in the woman they cannot. In this connection,
• 3:05:07
  Speaker 6: she now herself offers the interpretation that the little one
• 3:05:11
  Speaker 6: is the genital her little one. She has a four
• 3:05:14
  Speaker 6: year old daughter, her own genital. She reproaches her mother
• 3:05:19
  Speaker 6: for wanting her to live as though she had no genital,
• 3:05:22
  Speaker 6: and recognizes this reproach in the introductory sentence of the dream.
• 3:05:27
  Speaker 6: The mother sends away her little one so that she
• 3:05:30
  Speaker 6: must go alone. In her fantasy, going alone on the
• 3:05:33
  Speaker 6: street signifies to have no man and no sexual relations.
• 3:05:38
  Speaker 6: Quarr equals to go together, and this she does not like.
• 3:05:43
  Speaker 6: According to all her statements, she really suffered as a
• 3:05:46
  Speaker 6: girl on account of the jealousy of her mother, because
• 3:05:49
  Speaker 6: she showed a preference for her father. The little one
• 3:05:53
  Speaker 6: has been noted as a symbol for the male or
• 3:05:56
  Speaker 6: the female genitals by Steckel, who can refer in this
• 3:05:59
  Speaker 6: connection to a very widespread usage of language. The deeper
• 3:06:04
  Speaker 6: interpretation of this dream depends upon another dream of the
• 3:06:08
  Speaker 6: same night, in which the dreamer identifies herself with a brother.
• 3:06:12
  Speaker 6: She was a tomboy and was always being told that
• 3:06:15
  Speaker 6: she should have been born a boy. This identification with
• 3:06:19
  Speaker 6: the brother shows with special clearness that the little one
• 3:06:23
  Speaker 6: signifies the genital. The mother threatened him her with carastration,
• 3:06:29
  Speaker 6: which could only be understood as a punishment for playing
• 3:06:32
  Speaker 6: with the parts, and the identification therefore shows that she
• 3:06:36
  Speaker 6: herself had masturbated as a child, though this fact she
• 3:06:40
  Speaker 6: now retained only in memory. Concerning her brother, an early
• 3:06:44
  Speaker 6: knowledge of the male genital, which she later lost, she
• 3:06:48
  Speaker 6: must have acquired at that time, according to the assertions
• 3:06:51
  Speaker 6: of this second dream. Moreover, the second dream points to
• 3:06:55
  Speaker 6: the infantile sexual theory that girls originate from boys through castration.
• 3:07:01
  Speaker 6: After I had told her of this childish belief, she
• 3:07:04
  Speaker 6: at once confirmed it with an anecdote in which the
• 3:07:07
  Speaker 6: boy asks the girl was it cut off, to which
• 3:07:10
  Speaker 6: the girl replied, no, it's always been so. The sending
• 3:07:16
  Speaker 6: away of the little one of the genital in the
• 3:07:18
  Speaker 6: first dream therefore also refers to the threatened castration. Finally,
• 3:07:23
  Speaker 6: she blames her mother for not having been born a boy.
• 3:07:27
  Speaker 6: That being run over symbolizes sexual intercourse would not be
• 3:07:31
  Speaker 6: evident from this dream if we were not sure of it.
• 3:07:34
  Speaker 6: From many other sources. Three. Representation of a genital by structures,
• 3:07:41
  Speaker 6: stairways and shafts. Dream of a young man inhibited by
• 3:07:45
  Speaker 6: a father complex quote. He is taking a walk with
• 3:07:49
  Speaker 6: his father in a place which is surely the prater,
• 3:07:52
  Speaker 6: for the rotunda may be seen in front of which
• 3:07:55
  Speaker 6: there is a small front structure to which is attached
• 3:07:58
  Speaker 6: a captive balloon. The balloon, however, seems quite collapsed. His
• 3:08:04
  Speaker 6: father asks him what this is all for. He is
• 3:08:07
  Speaker 6: surprised at it, but he explains it to his father.
• 3:08:10
  Speaker 6: They come into a court in which lies a large
• 3:08:13
  Speaker 6: sheet of tin. His father wants to pull off a
• 3:08:16
  Speaker 6: big piece of this, but first looks around to see
• 3:08:18
  Speaker 6: if any one is watching. He tells his father that
• 3:08:22
  Speaker 6: all he needs to do is to speak to the watchman,
• 3:08:25
  Speaker 6: and then he can take without any further difficulty, as
• 3:08:28
  Speaker 6: much as he wants to. From this court, a stairway
• 3:08:31
  Speaker 6: leads down into a shaft, the walls of which are
• 3:08:34
  Speaker 6: softly upholstered something like a leather pocket book. At the
• 3:08:38
  Speaker 6: end of this shaft there is a longer platform, and
• 3:08:41
  Speaker 6: then a new shaft begins. Analysis. This dream belongs to
• 3:08:47
  Speaker 6: a type of patient which is not favorable from a
• 3:08:49
  Speaker 6: therapeutic point of view. They follow in the analysis without
• 3:08:54
  Speaker 6: offering any resistances whatever up to a certain point, but
• 3:08:58
  Speaker 6: from that point on there remain almost inaccessible. This dream,
• 3:09:03
  Speaker 6: he almost analyzed himself. The rotunda, he said, is my genital.
• 3:09:08
  Speaker 6: The captive balloon in front is my penis, about the
• 3:09:12
  Speaker 6: weakness of which I have worried. We must, however, interpret
• 3:09:16
  Speaker 6: in greater detail. The rotunda is the buttock, which is
• 3:09:20
  Speaker 6: regularly associated by the child with the genital. The smaller
• 3:09:25
  Speaker 6: front structure is this grotum. In the dream, his father
• 3:09:29
  Speaker 6: asks him what this is all for. That is, he
• 3:09:32
  Speaker 6: asks him about the purpose and arrangement of the genitals.
• 3:09:36
  Speaker 6: It is quite evident that this state of affairs should
• 3:09:38
  Speaker 6: be turned around, and that he should be the questioner.
• 3:09:42
  Speaker 6: As such a questioning on the side of the father
• 3:09:44
  Speaker 6: has never taken place in reality. We must conceive the
• 3:09:48
  Speaker 6: dream thought as a wish, or take it conditionally as follows.
• 3:09:53
  Speaker 6: If I had only asked my father for sexual enlightenment,
• 3:09:57
  Speaker 6: the continuation of this thought, we shall soon find in
• 3:10:00
  Speaker 6: another place. The court in which the tin sheet is
• 3:10:04
  Speaker 6: spread out is not to be conceived symbolically in the
• 3:10:07
  Speaker 6: first instance, but originates from his father's place of business.
• 3:10:12
  Speaker 6: For discretionary reasons, I've inserted the tin for another material
• 3:10:16
  Speaker 6: in which the father deals, without however, changing anything in
• 3:10:20
  Speaker 6: the verbal expression of the dream. The dreamer had entered
• 3:10:23
  Speaker 6: his father's business and had taken a terrible dislike to
• 3:10:26
  Speaker 6: the questionable practices upon which profit mainly depends. Hence the
• 3:10:32
  Speaker 6: continuation of the above dream thought. If I had only
• 3:10:36
  Speaker 6: asked him would be he would have deceived me, just
• 3:10:39
  Speaker 6: as he does his customers. For the pulling off, which
• 3:10:43
  Speaker 6: serves to represent commercial dishonesty. The dreamer himself gives a
• 3:10:47
  Speaker 6: second explanation, namely onanism. This is not only entirely familiar
• 3:10:53
  Speaker 6: to us, but agrees very well with the fact that
• 3:10:56
  Speaker 6: the secrecy of onanism is expressed by its opposite why
• 3:11:01
  Speaker 6: one can do it quite openly. It moreover agrees entirely
• 3:11:06
  Speaker 6: with our expectations that the Onanistic activity is again put
• 3:11:10
  Speaker 6: off on the father, just as was the questioning in
• 3:11:13
  Speaker 6: the first scene of the dream. The shaft he at
• 3:11:17
  Speaker 6: once interprets as the vagina by referring to the soft
• 3:11:20
  Speaker 6: upholstering of the walls that the act of coition in
• 3:11:24
  Speaker 6: the vagina is described as a going down instead of
• 3:11:27
  Speaker 6: in the usual way as a going up. I have
• 3:11:30
  Speaker 6: also found true in other instances the details that at
• 3:11:35
  Speaker 6: the end of the first shaft there is a longer
• 3:11:37
  Speaker 6: platform and then a new shaft. He himself explains biographically
• 3:11:43
  Speaker 6: he had for some time consorted with women sexually, but
• 3:11:46
  Speaker 6: had then given it up because of inhibitions, and now
• 3:11:49
  Speaker 6: hopes to be able to take it up again with
• 3:11:52
  Speaker 6: the aid of the treatment. The dream, however, becomes indistinct
• 3:11:56
  Speaker 6: toward the end, and to the experienced interpreter it becomes
• 3:12:00
  Speaker 6: evident that in the second scene of the dream, the
• 3:12:03
  Speaker 6: influence of another subject has begun to assert itself. In
• 3:12:07
  Speaker 6: this his father's business and his dishonest practices signify the
• 3:12:11
  Speaker 6: first vagina represented as a shaft, so that one might
• 3:12:15
  Speaker 6: think of a reference to the mother. Four, the male
• 3:12:20
  Speaker 6: genital symbolized by persons, and the female by a landscape.
• 3:12:25
  Speaker 6: Dream of a woman of the lower class whose husband
• 3:12:28
  Speaker 6: is a policeman reported by B. Dattner. Then some one
• 3:12:33
  Speaker 6: broke into the house and anxiously called for a policeman,
• 3:12:37
  Speaker 6: but he went with two tramps by mutual consent. Into
• 3:12:40
  Speaker 6: a church, to which led a great many stairs. Behind
• 3:12:44
  Speaker 6: the church there was a mountain on top of which
• 3:12:46
  Speaker 6: a dense forest. The policeman was furnished with a helmet,
• 3:12:50
  Speaker 6: a gorget, and a cloak. The two vagrants who went
• 3:12:54
  Speaker 6: along with the policemen quite peaceably, had tied to their
• 3:12:57
  Speaker 6: loins sack like aprons. The road led from the church
• 3:13:01
  Speaker 6: to the mountain. This road was overgrown on each side
• 3:13:04
  Speaker 6: with grass and brushwood, which became thicker and thicker as
• 3:13:08
  Speaker 6: it reached the height of the mountain, where it spread
• 3:13:11
  Speaker 6: out into quite a forest. Five A stairway dream reported
• 3:13:18
  Speaker 6: and interpreted by Otto Rank for the following transparent pollution dream,
• 3:13:24
  Speaker 6: I am indebted to the same colleague who furnished us
• 3:13:27
  Speaker 6: with the dental irritation dream. I am running down the
• 3:13:31
  Speaker 6: stairway in the stairhouse after a little girl whom I
• 3:13:34
  Speaker 6: wished to punish because she has done something to me.
• 3:13:38
  Speaker 6: At the bottom of the stairs, some one held the
• 3:13:40
  Speaker 6: child for me, a grown up woman. I grasp it,
• 3:13:43
  Speaker 6: but do not know whether I have hid it, for
• 3:13:46
  Speaker 6: I suddenly find myself in the middle of the stairway,
• 3:13:48
  Speaker 6: where I practice coitus with the child in the air
• 3:13:52
  Speaker 6: as it were, It is really no coitus. I only
• 3:13:55
  Speaker 6: rub my genital on her external genital, and in doing
• 3:13:58
  Speaker 6: this I see it very distinctly, as distinctly as I
• 3:14:02
  Speaker 6: see her head, which is lying sideways during the sexual act,
• 3:14:06
  Speaker 6: I see hanging to the left and above me, also
• 3:14:09
  Speaker 6: as if in the air. Two small pictures landscapes representing
• 3:14:13
  Speaker 6: a house on a green. On the smaller one, my
• 3:14:16
  Speaker 6: surname stood in the place where the painter's signature should be.
• 3:14:20
  Speaker 6: It seemed to be intended for my birthday present. A
• 3:14:23
  Speaker 6: small sign hung in front of the pictures, to the
• 3:14:25
  Speaker 6: effect the cheaper pictures could also be obtained. I then
• 3:14:29
  Speaker 6: see myself very indistinctly, lying in bed, just as I
• 3:14:33
  Speaker 6: had seen myself at the foot of the stairs, and
• 3:14:35
  Speaker 6: I am awakened by a feeling of dampness which came
• 3:14:38
  Speaker 6: from the pollution interpretation. The dreamer had been in a
• 3:14:44
  Speaker 6: bookstore on the evening of the day of the dream,
• 3:14:46
  Speaker 6: where while he was waiting, he examined some pictures which
• 3:14:50
  Speaker 6: were exhibited which represented motives similar to the dream pictures.
• 3:14:55
  Speaker 6: He stepped nearer to a small picture which particularly took
• 3:14:58
  Speaker 6: his fancy, in order to to see the name of
• 3:15:00
  Speaker 6: the artist, which however, was quite unknown to him. Later,
• 3:15:06
  Speaker 6: in the same evening, in company, he heard about a
• 3:15:09
  Speaker 6: bohemian servant girl who boasted that her illegitimate child was
• 3:15:13
  Speaker 6: made on the stairs. The dreamer inquired about the details
• 3:15:17
  Speaker 6: of this unusual occurrence and learned that the servant girl
• 3:15:20
  Speaker 6: went with her lover to the home of her parents,
• 3:15:22
  Speaker 6: where there was no opportunity for sexual relations, and that
• 3:15:26
  Speaker 6: the excited man performed the act on the stairs. In
• 3:15:29
  Speaker 6: witty allusion to the mischievous expression used about wine adulterers,
• 3:15:34
  Speaker 6: the dreamer remarked, the child really grew on the cellar steps.
• 3:15:39
  Speaker 6: These experiences of the day, which are quite prominent in
• 3:15:42
  Speaker 6: the dream content, were readily reproduced by the dreamer, But
• 3:15:46
  Speaker 6: he just as readily reproduced an old fragment of infantile recollection,
• 3:15:51
  Speaker 6: which was also utilized by the dream The stairhouse was
• 3:15:55
  Speaker 6: the house in which he had spent the greatest part
• 3:15:57
  Speaker 6: of his childhood and in which he had first been
• 3:16:00
  Speaker 6: become acquainted with sexual problems. In this house he used,
• 3:16:04
  Speaker 6: among other things, to slide down the banister astride, which
• 3:16:07
  Speaker 6: caused him to become sexually excited. In the dream, he
• 3:16:11
  Speaker 6: also comes down the stairs very rapidly, so rapidly that,
• 3:16:15
  Speaker 6: according to his own distinct assertions, he hardly touched the
• 3:16:18
  Speaker 6: individual stairs, but rather flew or slid down, as we
• 3:16:23
  Speaker 6: used to say. Upon reference to this infantile experience, the
• 3:16:28
  Speaker 6: beginning of the dream seems to represent the factor of
• 3:16:31
  Speaker 6: sexual excitement. In the same house and in the adjacent residence,
• 3:16:35
  Speaker 6: the dreamer used to play pugnacious games with the neighboring children,
• 3:16:39
  Speaker 6: in which he satisfied himself, just as he did in
• 3:16:42
  Speaker 6: the dream. If one recalls from Freud's investigation of sexual
• 3:16:46
  Speaker 6: symbolism that in the dream stairs or climbing stairs almost
• 3:16:50
  Speaker 6: regularly symbolizes coitus, the dream becomes clear its mode of
• 3:16:55
  Speaker 6: power as well as its effect, as is shown by
• 3:16:58
  Speaker 6: the pollution, is of a purely libidinous nature. Sexual excitement
• 3:17:03
  Speaker 6: became aroused during the sleeping state in the dream. This
• 3:17:06
  Speaker 6: is represented by the rapid running or sliding down the
• 3:17:09
  Speaker 6: stairs and the sudistic thread in this is on the
• 3:17:12
  Speaker 6: basis of the pugnacious playing indicated in the pursuing and
• 3:17:16
  Speaker 6: overcoming of the child. The libidinous excitement becomes enhanced and
• 3:17:22
  Speaker 6: urges to sexual action, represented in the dream by the
• 3:17:26
  Speaker 6: grasping of the child and the conveyance of it to
• 3:17:29
  Speaker 6: the middle of the stairway. Up to this point the
• 3:17:32
  Speaker 6: dream would be one of pure sexual symbolism and obscure
• 3:17:36
  Speaker 6: for the unpracticed dream interpreter. But this symbolic gratification, which
• 3:17:41
  Speaker 6: would have ensured undisturbed sleep, was not sufficient for the
• 3:17:44
  Speaker 6: powerful libidinous excitement. The excitement leads to an orgasm, and
• 3:17:49
  Speaker 6: thus the whole stairway symbolism is unmasked as a substitute
• 3:17:53
  Speaker 6: for coitus. Freud lays stress on the rhythmical character of
• 3:17:57
  Speaker 6: both actions as one of the reasons for the sexual
• 3:18:00
  Speaker 6: utilization of the stairway symbolism, and this dream especially seems
• 3:18:05
  Speaker 6: to corroborate this, for, according to the express assertion of
• 3:18:09
  Speaker 6: the dreamer, the rhythm of the sexual act was the
• 3:18:12
  Speaker 6: most pronounced feature in the whole dream. Still another remark
• 3:18:17
  Speaker 6: concerning the two pictures, which, aside from their real significance,
• 3:18:21
  Speaker 6: also have the value of vibs builder literally woman pictures,
• 3:18:26
  Speaker 6: but idiomatically women. This is at once shown by the
• 3:18:30
  Speaker 6: fact that the dream deals with a big and a
• 3:18:32
  Speaker 6: little picture, just as the dream content presents a big
• 3:18:36
  Speaker 6: grown up and a little girl. The cheap pictures could
• 3:18:40
  Speaker 6: also be obtained points to the prostitution complex, just as
• 3:18:43
  Speaker 6: the dreamer's surname and the little picture and the thought
• 3:18:46
  Speaker 6: that it was intended for his birthday point to the
• 3:18:49
  Speaker 6: parent complex. To be born on the stairway to be
• 3:18:52
  Speaker 6: conceived in coitus, The indistinct final scene in which the
• 3:18:57
  Speaker 6: dreamer sees himself on the staircase, landing lie in bed
• 3:19:00
  Speaker 6: and feeling wet, seems to go back into childhood, even
• 3:19:04
  Speaker 6: beyond the infantile onanism, and manifestly has its prototype in
• 3:19:09
  Speaker 6: similar pleasurable scenes of bedwetting. Six. A modified stair dream
• 3:19:16
  Speaker 6: to one of my very nervous patients, who is an
• 3:19:18
  Speaker 6: abstainer whose fancy was fixed on his mother, and who
• 3:19:21
  Speaker 6: were repeatedly dreamed of climbing stairs accompanied by his mother,
• 3:19:25
  Speaker 6: I once remarked that moderate masturbation would be less harmful
• 3:19:29
  Speaker 6: to him than enforced abstinence. This influence provoked the following dream.
• 3:19:35
  Speaker 6: His piano teacher reproaches him for neglecting his piano playing
• 3:19:39
  Speaker 6: and for not practicing the etude of Mochel and Clementi's
• 3:19:43
  Speaker 6: Gradis ad parnissum. In relation to this, he remarked that
• 3:19:48
  Speaker 6: the gradis is only a stairway, and that the piano
• 3:19:50
  Speaker 6: itself is only a stairway, as it has a scale.
• 3:19:54
  Speaker 6: It is correct to say that there is no series
• 3:19:56
  Speaker 6: of associations which cannot be adapted to the representation of
• 3:20:00
  Speaker 6: sexual facts. I conclude with the dream of a chemist,
• 3:20:04
  Speaker 6: a young man who has been trying to give up
• 3:20:06
  Speaker 6: his habit of masturbation by replacing it with intercourse with women.
• 3:20:11
  Speaker 6: Preliminary statement. On the day before the dream, he had
• 3:20:15
  Speaker 6: given a student instruction concerning Grenard's reaction, in which magnesium
• 3:20:19
  Speaker 6: is to be dissolved in absolutely pure ether under the
• 3:20:22
  Speaker 6: catalytic influence of iodine. Two days before, there had been
• 3:20:27
  Speaker 6: an explosion in the course of the same reaction, in
• 3:20:30
  Speaker 6: which the investigator had burned his hand. Dream one. He
• 3:20:34
  Speaker 6: is to make penel magnesium bromide. He sees the apparatus
• 3:20:38
  Speaker 6: with particular clearness, but he has substituted himself for the magnesium.
• 3:20:43
  Speaker 6: He is now in a curious, swaying attitude. He keeps
• 3:20:46
  Speaker 6: repeating to himself, this is the right thing. It is working.
• 3:20:50
  Speaker 6: My feet are beginning to dissolve, and my knees are
• 3:20:53
  Speaker 6: getting soft. Then he reaches down and feels for his feet,
• 3:20:56
  Speaker 6: and meanwhile he does not know how he takes his
• 3:21:00
  Speaker 6: legs out of the crucible, and then again says to
• 3:21:03
  Speaker 6: himself that cannot be. Yes, it must be so it
• 3:21:07
  Speaker 6: has been done correctly. Then he partially awakens and repeats
• 3:21:11
  Speaker 6: the dream to himself because he wants to tell it
• 3:21:14
  Speaker 6: to me. He is distinctly afraid of the analysis of
• 3:21:16
  Speaker 6: the dream. He is much excited during this semi sleeping
• 3:21:20
  Speaker 6: state and repeats continually Fenel Fenel. Two, he is in
• 3:21:27
  Speaker 6: with his whole family at half past eleven. He is
• 3:21:30
  Speaker 6: to be at the chtenthor for a rendezvous with a
• 3:21:33
  Speaker 6: certain lady, but he does not wake up until half
• 3:21:35
  Speaker 6: past eleven. He says to himself, it is too late now.
• 3:21:40
  Speaker 6: When you get there, it will be half past twelve.
• 3:21:42
  Speaker 6: The next instant, he sees the whole family gathered about
• 3:21:45
  Speaker 6: the table, his mother and the servant girl with the
• 3:21:48
  Speaker 6: soup tureen with particular clearness. Then he says to himself, well,
• 3:21:53
  Speaker 6: if we are eating already, I certainly can't get away analysis.
• 3:21:58
  Speaker 6: He feels sure that even the first dream contains a
• 3:22:01
  Speaker 6: reference to the lady whom he is to meet at
• 3:22:03
  Speaker 6: the rendezvous. The dream was dreamed during the night before
• 3:22:07
  Speaker 6: the expected meeting. The student to whom he gave the
• 3:22:10
  Speaker 6: instruction is a particularly unpleasant fellow. He had said to
• 3:22:14
  Speaker 6: the chemist that isn't right because the magnesium was still unaffected,
• 3:22:18
  Speaker 6: and the latter answered, as though he did not care
• 3:22:20
  Speaker 6: anything about it, it certainly isn't right. He himself must
• 3:22:25
  Speaker 6: be this student. He is as indifferent towards his analysis
• 3:22:28
  Speaker 6: as the student is towards his synthesis. The he in
• 3:22:31
  Speaker 6: the dream, however, who accomplishes the operation is myself, how
• 3:22:36
  Speaker 6: unpleasant he must seem to me with his indifference towards
• 3:22:40
  Speaker 6: the success achieved. Moreover, he is the material with which
• 3:22:44
  Speaker 6: the analysis synthesis is made, for it is a question
• 3:22:49
  Speaker 6: of the success of the treatment. The legs in the
• 3:22:51
  Speaker 6: dream were call an impression of the previous evening, he
• 3:22:55
  Speaker 6: met a lady at a dancing lesson whom he wished
• 3:22:57
  Speaker 6: to conquer. He pressed her to him so clo closely
• 3:23:00
  Speaker 6: that she once cried out. After he had stopped pressing
• 3:23:03
  Speaker 6: against her legs, he felt her firm responding pressure against
• 3:23:07
  Speaker 6: his lower thighs as far as just above his knees
• 3:23:10
  Speaker 6: at the place mentioned in the dream. In this situation,
• 3:23:14
  Speaker 6: then the woman is the magnesium in the retort which
• 3:23:17
  Speaker 6: is at last working. He is feminine towards me, as
• 3:23:21
  Speaker 6: he is masculine towards the woman. If it will work
• 3:23:24
  Speaker 6: with the woman, the treatment will also work. Feeling and
• 3:23:28
  Speaker 6: becoming aware of himself in the region of his knees
• 3:23:30
  Speaker 6: refers to masturbation and corresponds to his fatigue if the
• 3:23:35
  Speaker 6: previous day the rendezvous had actually been set up for
• 3:23:38
  Speaker 6: half past eleven. His wish to oversleep and to remain
• 3:23:42
  Speaker 6: with his usual sexual objects, that is, with masturbation, corresponds
• 3:23:47
  Speaker 6: with his resistance.
• 3:23:51
  Speaker 4: End of Section five, Chapter six.
• 3:23:55
  Speaker 1: The wish in dreams that the dream should be nothing
• 3:24:00
  Speaker 1: but a wish fulfillment surely seemed strange to us all,
• 3:24:05
  Speaker 1: and that not alone, because of the contradictions offered by
• 3:24:08
  Speaker 1: the anxiety dream. After learning from the first analytical explanations
• 3:24:14
  Speaker 1: that the dream conceals sense and psychic validity, we could
• 3:24:18
  Speaker 1: hardly expect so simple a determination of this sense. According
• 3:24:23
  Speaker 1: to the correct but concise definition of Aristotle, the dream
• 3:24:27
  Speaker 1: is a continuation of thinking in sleep in so far
• 3:24:31
  Speaker 1: as one sleeps. Considering that during the day our thoughts
• 3:24:35
  Speaker 1: produce such a diversity of psychic acts, judgments, conclusions, contradictions, expectations, intentions, etc.
• 3:24:45
  Speaker 1: Why should our sleeping thoughts be forced to confine themselves
• 3:24:49
  Speaker 1: to the production of wishes? Are there not? On the contrary,
• 3:24:53
  Speaker 1: many dreams that present a different psychic act in dream form,
• 3:24:58
  Speaker 1: for example, a solicitude and is not the very transparent
• 3:25:02
  Speaker 1: father's dream mentioned above of such a nature. From the
• 3:25:07
  Speaker 1: gleam of light falling into his eyes while asleep, the
• 3:25:11
  Speaker 1: father draws the solicitous conclusion that a candle has been
• 3:25:15
  Speaker 1: upset and may have set fire to the corpse. He
• 3:25:19
  Speaker 1: transforms this conclusion into a dream by investing it with
• 3:25:23
  Speaker 1: a senseful situation enacted in the present tense. What part
• 3:25:29
  Speaker 1: is played in this dream by the wishfulfillment? And which
• 3:25:32
  Speaker 1: are we to suspect the predominance of the thought continued
• 3:25:36
  Speaker 1: from the waking state or of the thought incited by
• 3:25:40
  Speaker 1: the new sensory impression. All these considerations are just and
• 3:25:45
  Speaker 1: force us to enter more deeply into the part played
• 3:25:48
  Speaker 1: by the wishfulfillment in the dream and into the significance
• 3:25:52
  Speaker 1: of the waking thoughts continued in sleep. It is, in
• 3:25:56
  Speaker 1: fact the wishfulfillment that has already induced us to separate
• 3:26:00
  Speaker 1: dreams into two groups. We have found some dreams that
• 3:26:05
  Speaker 1: were plainly wish fulfillment, and others in which wish fulfillment
• 3:26:09
  Speaker 1: could not be recognized and was frequently concealed by every
• 3:26:14
  Speaker 1: available means. In this latter class of dreams we recognize
• 3:26:18
  Speaker 1: the influence of the dream censor. The undisguised wish dreams
• 3:26:23
  Speaker 1: were chiefly found in children, yet fleeting, open hearted wish
• 3:26:27
  Speaker 1: dreams seemed I purposely emphasized this word to occur also
• 3:26:33
  Speaker 1: in adults. We may now ask whence the wish fulfilled
• 3:26:38
  Speaker 1: in the dream originates? But to what opposition or to
• 3:26:42
  Speaker 1: what diversity do we refer this whence? I think it
• 3:26:47
  Speaker 1: is to the opposition between conscious daily life and a
• 3:26:51
  Speaker 1: psychic activity remaining unconscious, which can only make itself noticeable
• 3:26:56
  Speaker 1: during the night. I thus find a threefold post stability
• 3:27:00
  Speaker 1: for the origin of a wish. Firstly, it may have
• 3:27:04
  Speaker 1: been incited during the day and, owing to external circumstances,
• 3:27:08
  Speaker 1: failed to find gratification. There is thus left for the
• 3:27:12
  Speaker 1: night an acknowledged but unfulfilled wish. Secondly, it may come
• 3:27:18
  Speaker 1: to the surface during the day but be rejected leaving
• 3:27:21
  Speaker 1: an unfulfilled but suppressed wish, or thirdly, it may have
• 3:27:26
  Speaker 1: no relation to daily life and belong to those wishes
• 3:27:30
  Speaker 1: that originate during the night from the suppression. If we
• 3:27:35
  Speaker 1: now follow our scheme of the psychic apparatus, we can
• 3:27:38
  Speaker 1: localize a wish of the first order in the system
• 3:27:42
  Speaker 1: fore conscious. We may assume that a wish of the
• 3:27:46
  Speaker 1: second order has been forced back from the foe conscious
• 3:27:49
  Speaker 1: system into the unconscious system, where alone, if anywhere, it
• 3:27:54
  Speaker 1: can maintain itself, while a wish feeling of the third
• 3:27:58
  Speaker 1: order we consider alltogether whyther incapable of leaving the unconscious system.
• 3:28:04
  Speaker 1: This brings up the question whether wishes arising from these
• 3:28:07
  Speaker 1: different sources possess the same value for the dream, and
• 3:28:12
  Speaker 1: whether they have the same power to incite a dream.
• 3:28:16
  Speaker 1: On reviewing the dreams which we have at our disposal
• 3:28:19
  Speaker 1: for answering this question, we are at once moved to
• 3:28:23
  Speaker 1: add as a fourth source of the dream wish the
• 3:28:26
  Speaker 1: actual wish incitements arising during the night, such as thirst
• 3:28:30
  Speaker 1: and sexual desire. It then becomes evident that the source
• 3:28:35
  Speaker 1: of the dream wish does not affect its capacity to
• 3:28:38
  Speaker 1: incite a dream, that a wish suppressed during the day
• 3:28:43
  Speaker 1: asserts itself in the dream. Can be shown by a
• 3:28:46
  Speaker 1: great many examples. I shall mention a very simple example
• 3:28:50
  Speaker 1: in this class. A somewhat sarcastic young lady whose younger
• 3:28:55
  Speaker 1: friend has become engaged to be married, is asked throughout
• 3:28:59
  Speaker 1: the day by her acquaintances whether she knows and what
• 3:29:02
  Speaker 1: she thinks of the fiance. She answers with unqualified praise,
• 3:29:07
  Speaker 1: thereby silencing her own judgment, as she would prefer to
• 3:29:11
  Speaker 1: tell the truth, namely that he is an ordinary person.
• 3:29:15
  Speaker 1: The following night, she dreams that the same question is
• 3:29:18
  Speaker 1: put to her, and that she replies with the formula.
• 3:29:22
  Speaker 1: In case of subsequent orders, it will suffice to mention
• 3:29:25
  Speaker 1: the number. Finally, we have learned from numerous analyzes that
• 3:29:30
  Speaker 1: the wish in all dreams that have been subject to
• 3:29:33
  Speaker 1: distortion has been derived from the unconscious and has been
• 3:29:37
  Speaker 1: unable to come to perception in the waking state. Thus
• 3:29:42
  Speaker 1: it would appear that all wishes are of the same
• 3:29:44
  Speaker 1: value and force for the dream formation. I am at
• 3:29:50
  Speaker 1: present unable to prove that the state of affairs is
• 3:29:53
  Speaker 1: really different, but I am strongly inclined to assume a
• 3:29:57
  Speaker 1: more stringent determination of the dream. Children's dreams leave no
• 3:30:03
  Speaker 1: doubt that an unfulfilled wish of the day may be
• 3:30:06
  Speaker 1: the instigator of the dream. But we must not forget
• 3:30:10
  Speaker 1: that it is, after all the wish of a child.
• 3:30:13
  Speaker 1: That it is a wish feeling of infantile strength. Only
• 3:30:17
  Speaker 1: I have a strong doubt whether an unfulfilled wish from
• 3:30:20
  Speaker 1: the day would suffice to create a dream in an adult.
• 3:30:25
  Speaker 1: It would rather seem that as we learn to control
• 3:30:27
  Speaker 1: our impulses by intellectual activity, we more and more reject
• 3:30:32
  Speaker 1: as vain the formation or retention of such intense wishes
• 3:30:36
  Speaker 1: as are natural to childhood. In this indeed, there may
• 3:30:40
  Speaker 1: be individual variations. Some retain the infantile type of psychic
• 3:30:46
  Speaker 1: processes longer than others. The differences I hear the same
• 3:30:50
  Speaker 1: as those found in the gradual decline of the originally
• 3:30:53
  Speaker 1: distinct visual imagination. In general, however, I am of the
• 3:30:59
  Speaker 1: opinion that unfulfilled wishes of the day are insufficient to
• 3:31:03
  Speaker 1: produce a dream in adults. I readily admit that the
• 3:31:07
  Speaker 1: wish instigators originating in conscious life contribute towards the incitement
• 3:31:13
  Speaker 1: of dreams, but that is probably all. The dream would
• 3:31:16
  Speaker 1: not originate if the four conscious wish were not reinforced
• 3:31:21
  Speaker 1: from another source. That source is the unconscious. I believe
• 3:31:28
  Speaker 1: that the conscious wish is a dream inciter only if
• 3:31:32
  Speaker 1: it succeeds in arousing a similar unconscious wish which reinforces it.
• 3:31:38
  Speaker 1: Following the suggestions obtained through the psychoanalysis of the neuroses,
• 3:31:43
  Speaker 1: I believe that these unconscious wishes are always active and
• 3:31:46
  Speaker 1: ready for expression whenever they find an opportunity to unite
• 3:31:50
  Speaker 1: themselves with an emotion from conscious life, and that they
• 3:31:54
  Speaker 1: transfer their greater intensity to the lesser intensity of the
• 3:31:58
  Speaker 1: latter footnote. They share this character of indestructibility with all
• 3:32:05
  Speaker 1: psychic acts that are really unconscious, that is, with psychic
• 3:32:09
  Speaker 1: acts belonging to the system of the unconscious. Only these
• 3:32:13
  Speaker 1: paths are constantly open and never fall into disuse. They
• 3:32:18
  Speaker 1: conduct the discharge of the exciting process as often as
• 3:32:22
  Speaker 1: it becomes endowed with unconscious excitement. To speak metaphorically, they
• 3:32:27
  Speaker 1: suffer the same form of annihilation as the shades of
• 3:32:31
  Speaker 1: the Lower Region in the Odyssey, who awoke to new
• 3:32:35
  Speaker 1: life the moment they drank blood. The processes depending on
• 3:32:39
  Speaker 1: the four conscious system are destructible in a different way.
• 3:32:43
  Speaker 1: The psychotherapy of the neuroses is based on this difference.
• 3:32:48
  Speaker 1: End of footnote. It may therefore seem that the conscious
• 3:32:53
  Speaker 1: wish alone has been realized in a dream, but a
• 3:32:57
  Speaker 1: slight peculiarity in the formation of this will put us
• 3:33:00
  Speaker 1: on the track of the powerful helper from the unconscious. These,
• 3:33:06
  Speaker 1: ever active, and as it were, immortal wishes from the unconscious.
• 3:33:11
  Speaker 1: Recall the legendary Titans, who, from time immemorial have borne
• 3:33:15
  Speaker 1: the ponderous mountains which were once rolled upon them by
• 3:33:19
  Speaker 1: the victorious gods, and which even now quiver from time
• 3:33:23
  Speaker 1: to time from the convulsions of their mighty limbs. I
• 3:33:27
  Speaker 1: say that these wishes found in the repression are of
• 3:33:31
  Speaker 1: themselves of an infantile origin, as we have learned from
• 3:33:34
  Speaker 1: the psychological investigation of the neuroses, I should like, therefore
• 3:33:39
  Speaker 1: to withdraw the opinion previously expressed that it is unimportant
• 3:33:44
  Speaker 1: whence the dream wish originates, and replace it by another.
• 3:33:48
  Speaker 1: As follows, the wish manifested in the dream, must be
• 3:33:52
  Speaker 1: an infantile one. In the adults, it originates in the unconscious,
• 3:33:58
  Speaker 1: while in the child, where no separation and censor as
• 3:34:02
  Speaker 1: yet exist between fore conscious and unconscious or where these
• 3:34:06
  Speaker 1: are only in the process of formation, it is an
• 3:34:09
  Speaker 1: unfulfilled and unrepressed wish from the waking state. I am
• 3:34:14
  Speaker 1: aware that this conception cannot be generally demonstrated, but I
• 3:34:19
  Speaker 1: maintain nevertheless that it can be frequently demonstrated even when
• 3:34:23
  Speaker 1: it is not suspected, and that it cannot be generally refuted.
• 3:34:29
  Speaker 1: The wish feelings which remain from the conscious waking state
• 3:34:33
  Speaker 1: are therefore relegated to the background in the dream formation.
• 3:34:39
  Speaker 1: In the dream content, I shall attribute to them only
• 3:34:42
  Speaker 1: the part attributed to the material of actual sensations during sleep.
• 3:34:48
  Speaker 1: If I now take into account those other psychic instigations
• 3:34:52
  Speaker 1: remaining from the waking state which are not wishes, I
• 3:34:56
  Speaker 1: shall only adhere to the line mapped out for me.
• 3:34:58
  Speaker 1: By this train of thought. We may succeed in provisionally
• 3:35:03
  Speaker 1: terminating the sum of energy of our waking thoughts by
• 3:35:06
  Speaker 1: deciding to go to sleep. He is a good sleeper
• 3:35:09
  Speaker 1: who can do this. Napoleon the First is reputed to
• 3:35:13
  Speaker 1: have been a model of this sort. But we do
• 3:35:16
  Speaker 1: not always succeed in accomplishing it, or in accomplishing it perfectly.
• 3:35:21
  Speaker 1: Unsolved problems harassing cares overwhelming impressions continue the thinking activity
• 3:35:28
  Speaker 1: even during sleep, maintaining psychic processes in the system which
• 3:35:34
  Speaker 1: we have termed the fore conscious. These mental processes continuing
• 3:35:39
  Speaker 1: into sleep may be divided into the following groups. One
• 3:35:44
  Speaker 1: that which has not been terminated during the day owing
• 3:35:47
  Speaker 1: to casual prevention. Two that which has been left unfinished
• 3:35:53
  Speaker 1: by temporary paralysis of our mental power, i e. The unsolved.
• 3:35:59
  Speaker 1: Three that which has been rejected and suppressed during the day.
• 3:36:04
  Speaker 1: This unites with a powerful group four, formed by that
• 3:36:09
  Speaker 1: which has been excited in our unconscious during the day
• 3:36:13
  Speaker 1: by the work of the fore conscious. Finally, we may
• 3:36:16
  Speaker 1: add group five, consisting of the indifferent and hence unsettled
• 3:36:21
  Speaker 1: impressions of the day. We should not underrate the psychic
• 3:36:26
  Speaker 1: intensities introduced into sleep by these remnants of waking life,
• 3:36:31
  Speaker 1: especially those emanating from the group of the unsolved. These
• 3:36:36
  Speaker 1: excitations surely continue to strive for expression during the night,
• 3:36:41
  Speaker 1: and we may assume with equal certainty that the sleeping
• 3:36:44
  Speaker 1: state renders impossible the usual continuation of the excitement in
• 3:36:49
  Speaker 1: the fore conscious and determination of the excitement by its
• 3:36:53
  Speaker 1: being conscious. As far as we can normally become conscious
• 3:36:57
  Speaker 1: of our mental processes even during the night, in so
• 3:37:01
  Speaker 1: far we are not asleep. I shall not venture to
• 3:37:05
  Speaker 1: state what change is produced in the fore conscious system
• 3:37:08
  Speaker 1: by the sleeping state, But there is no doubt that
• 3:37:11
  Speaker 1: the psychological character of sleep is essentially due to the
• 3:37:15
  Speaker 1: change of energy in this very system, which also dominates
• 3:37:19
  Speaker 1: the approach to motility, which is paralyzed during sleep. In
• 3:37:25
  Speaker 1: contradistinction to this, there seems to be nothing in the
• 3:37:28
  Speaker 1: psychology of the dream to warrant the assumption that sleep
• 3:37:32
  Speaker 1: produces any but secondary changes in the conditions of the
• 3:37:36
  Speaker 1: unconscious system. Hence, for the nocturnal excitation in the fore
• 3:37:41
  Speaker 1: conscious there remains no other path than that followed by
• 3:37:46
  Speaker 1: the wish excitements from the unconscious. This excitation must seek
• 3:37:51
  Speaker 1: reinforcement from the unconscious and follow the detours of the
• 3:37:56
  Speaker 1: unconscious excitations. But what is the real of the four
• 3:38:01
  Speaker 1: conscious day remnants to the dream. There is no doubt
• 3:38:05
  Speaker 1: that they penetrate abundantly into the dream, that they utilize
• 3:38:10
  Speaker 1: the dream content to obtrude themselves upon consciousness even during
• 3:38:14
  Speaker 1: the night. Indeed, they occasionally even dominate the dream content
• 3:38:19
  Speaker 1: and impel it to continue the work of the day.
• 3:38:23
  Speaker 1: It is also certain that the day remnants may just
• 3:38:26
  Speaker 1: as well have any other character as that of wishes,
• 3:38:30
  Speaker 1: but it is highly instructive and even decisive for the
• 3:38:33
  Speaker 1: theory of wish fulfillment to see what conditions they must
• 3:38:37
  Speaker 1: comply with in order to be received into the dream.
• 3:38:42
  Speaker 1: Let us pick out one of the dreams cited above
• 3:38:45
  Speaker 1: as examples, for example, the dream in which my friend
• 3:38:48
  Speaker 1: Otto seems to show the symptoms of Besdow's disease. My
• 3:38:54
  Speaker 1: friend Otto's appearance occasioned me some concern during the day,
• 3:38:58
  Speaker 1: and this worry, like everything else referring to this person,
• 3:39:02
  Speaker 1: affected me. I may also assume that these feelings followed
• 3:39:06
  Speaker 1: me into sleep. I was probably bent on finding out
• 3:39:10
  Speaker 1: what was the matter with him. In the night, my
• 3:39:13
  Speaker 1: worry found expression in the dream which I have reported,
• 3:39:17
  Speaker 1: the content of which was not only senseless but failed
• 3:39:20
  Speaker 1: to show any wish fulfillment. But I began to investigate
• 3:39:24
  Speaker 1: for the source of this incongruous expression of the solicitude
• 3:39:28
  Speaker 1: felt during the day, and analysis revealed the connection. I
• 3:39:33
  Speaker 1: identified my friend Otto with a certain Baron L and
• 3:39:37
  Speaker 1: myself with a Professor R. There was only one explanation
• 3:39:42
  Speaker 1: for my being impelled to select just this substitution for
• 3:39:46
  Speaker 1: the day thought, I must have always been prepared in
• 3:39:50
  Speaker 1: the unconscious to identify myself with Professor R. As it
• 3:39:54
  Speaker 1: meant the realization of one of the immortal infantile wishes viz.
• 3:40:00
  Speaker 1: That of becoming great repulsive ideas respecting my friend that
• 3:40:05
  Speaker 1: would certainly have been repudiated in a waking state. Took
• 3:40:09
  Speaker 1: advantage of the opportunity to creep into the dream. But
• 3:40:13
  Speaker 1: the worry of the day likewise found some form of
• 3:40:16
  Speaker 1: expression through a substitution in the dream content. The day thought,
• 3:40:23
  Speaker 1: which was no wish in itself, but rather a worry,
• 3:40:26
  Speaker 1: had in some way to find a connection with the infantile,
• 3:40:30
  Speaker 1: now unconscious and suppressed wish, which then allowed it, though
• 3:40:35
  Speaker 1: already properly prepared to originate for consciousness. The more dominating
• 3:40:42
  Speaker 1: this worry, the stronger must be the connection to be
• 3:40:45
  Speaker 1: established between the contents of the wish and that of
• 3:40:48
  Speaker 1: the worry. There need be no connection, nor was there
• 3:40:52
  Speaker 1: one in any of our examples. We can now sharply
• 3:40:57
  Speaker 1: define the significance of the uncore conscious wish for the dream.
• 3:41:02
  Speaker 1: It may be admitted that there is a whole class
• 3:41:05
  Speaker 1: of dreams in which the incitement originates preponderatingly or even exclusively,
• 3:41:11
  Speaker 1: from the remnants of daily life. And I believe that
• 3:41:14
  Speaker 1: even my cherished desire to become at some future time
• 3:41:18
  Speaker 1: a professor extraordinarius would have allowed me to slumber undisturbed
• 3:41:23
  Speaker 1: that night had not my worry about my friend's health
• 3:41:26
  Speaker 1: been still active. But this worry alone would not have
• 3:41:30
  Speaker 1: produced a dream. The motive power needed by the dream
• 3:41:34
  Speaker 1: had to be contributed by a wish, and it was
• 3:41:38
  Speaker 1: the affair of the worrimentt to procure for itself such
• 3:41:41
  Speaker 1: wish as a motive power of the dream. To speak figuratively,
• 3:41:46
  Speaker 1: it is quite possible that a day thought plays the
• 3:41:49
  Speaker 1: part of the contractor or entrepreneur in the dream. But
• 3:41:54
  Speaker 1: it is known that no matter what idea the contractor
• 3:41:57
  Speaker 1: may have in mind, and how desirous he may be
• 3:42:00
  Speaker 1: of putting it into operation, he can do nothing without capital.
• 3:42:04
  Speaker 1: He must depend upon a capitalist to defray the necessary expenses.
• 3:42:09
  Speaker 1: And this capitalist, who supplies the psychic expenditure for the dream,
• 3:42:14
  Speaker 1: is invariably and indisputably a wish from the unconscious, no
• 3:42:19
  Speaker 1: matter what the nature of the waking thought may be.
• 3:42:24
  Speaker 1: In other cases, the capitalist himself is the contractor for
• 3:42:28
  Speaker 1: the dream. This indeed seems to be the more usual case.
• 3:42:33
  Speaker 1: An unconscious wish is produced by the day's work, which
• 3:42:37
  Speaker 1: in turn creates the dream. The dream processes, moreover, run
• 3:42:42
  Speaker 1: parallel with all the other possibilities of the economic relationship
• 3:42:46
  Speaker 1: used here as an illustration. Thus, the entrepreneur may contribute
• 3:42:51
  Speaker 1: some capital himself, or several entrepreneurs may seek the aid
• 3:42:55
  Speaker 1: of the same capitalist, or several capitalists may jointly supply
• 3:43:00
  Speaker 1: the capital required by the entrepreneur. Thus there are dreams
• 3:43:05
  Speaker 1: produced by more than one dream wish, and many similar
• 3:43:09
  Speaker 1: variations which may readily be passed over and are of
• 3:43:12
  Speaker 1: no further interest to us. What we have left unfinished
• 3:43:17
  Speaker 1: in this discussion of the dream wish we shall be
• 3:43:19
  Speaker 1: able to develop later. The tertium comparationis in the comparisons
• 3:43:26
  Speaker 1: just employed, i e. The sum placed at our free
• 3:43:30
  Speaker 1: disposal in proper allotment admits of still finer application for
• 3:43:36
  Speaker 1: the illustration of the dream structure. We can recognize in
• 3:43:40
  Speaker 1: most dreams a centre, especially supplied with perceptible intensity. This
• 3:43:46
  Speaker 1: is regularly the direct representation of the wish fulfillment. For
• 3:43:51
  Speaker 1: if we undo the displacements of the dream work by
• 3:43:54
  Speaker 1: a process of retrogression. We find that the psychic intensity
• 3:43:58
  Speaker 1: of the elements of the dreams thoughts is replaced by
• 3:44:02
  Speaker 1: the perceptible intensity of the elements in the dream content.
• 3:44:07
  Speaker 1: The elements adjoining the wishfulfillment have frequently nothing to do
• 3:44:11
  Speaker 1: with its sense, but prove to be descendants of painful
• 3:44:15
  Speaker 1: thoughts which oppose the wish. But owing to their frequently
• 3:44:20
  Speaker 1: artificial connection with the central element, they have acquired sufficient
• 3:44:25
  Speaker 1: intensity to enable them to come to expression. Thus, the
• 3:44:30
  Speaker 1: force of expression of the wishfulfillment is diffused over a
• 3:44:34
  Speaker 1: certain sphere of association, within which it raises to expression
• 3:44:39
  Speaker 1: all elements, including those that are in themselves impotent. In
• 3:44:45
  Speaker 1: dreams having several strong wishes, we can readily separate from
• 3:44:49
  Speaker 1: one another the spheres of the individual wishfulfillments. The gaps
• 3:44:54
  Speaker 1: in the dream, likewise, can often be explained as boundary zones.
• 3:45:01
  Speaker 1: Although the foregoing remarks have considerably limited the significance of
• 3:45:05
  Speaker 1: the day remnants for the dream, it will nevertheless be
• 3:45:09
  Speaker 1: worth our while to give them some attention, For there
• 3:45:12
  Speaker 1: must be a necessary ingredient in the formation of the
• 3:45:15
  Speaker 1: dream inasmuch as experience reveals the surprising fact that every
• 3:45:21
  Speaker 1: dream shows in its content a connection with some impression
• 3:45:24
  Speaker 1: of a recent day, often of the most indifferent kind.
• 3:45:29
  Speaker 1: So far we have failed to see any necessity for
• 3:45:32
  Speaker 1: this addition to the dream mixture. This necessity appears only
• 3:45:37
  Speaker 1: when we follow closely the part played by the unconscious wish,
• 3:45:42
  Speaker 1: and then seek information in the psychology of the neuroses.
• 3:45:46
  Speaker 1: We thus learn that the unconscious idea as such is
• 3:45:50
  Speaker 1: altogether incapable of entering into the fore conscious, and that
• 3:45:55
  Speaker 1: it can exert an influence there only by uniting with
• 3:45:59
  Speaker 1: a harmless idea already belonging to the fore conscious, to
• 3:46:03
  Speaker 1: which it transfers its intensity and under which it allows
• 3:46:06
  Speaker 1: itself to be concealed. This is the fact of transference,
• 3:46:11
  Speaker 1: which furnishes an explanation for so many surprising occurrences in
• 3:46:16
  Speaker 1: the psychic life of neurotics. The idea from the fore conscious,
• 3:46:22
  Speaker 1: which thus obtains an unmerited abundance of intensity, may be
• 3:46:27
  Speaker 1: left unchanged by the transference, or it may have forced
• 3:46:31
  Speaker 1: upon it a modification from the content of the transferring idea.
• 3:46:36
  Speaker 1: I trust the reader will pardon my fondness for comparisons
• 3:46:39
  Speaker 1: from daily life. But I feel tempted to say that
• 3:46:42
  Speaker 1: the relations existing for the repressed idea are similar to
• 3:46:46
  Speaker 1: the situations existing in Austria for the American dentist who
• 3:46:51
  Speaker 1: is forbidden to practice unless he gets permission from a
• 3:46:54
  Speaker 1: regular physician to use his name on the public sign
• 3:46:58
  Speaker 1: board and thus cover the legal requirements. Moreover, just as
• 3:47:03
  Speaker 1: it is naturally not the busiest physicians who form such
• 3:47:07
  Speaker 1: alliances with dental practitioners, so in the psychic life only
• 3:47:12
  Speaker 1: such fore conscious or conscious ideas are chosen to cover
• 3:47:16
  Speaker 1: a repressed idea, as have not themselves attracted much of
• 3:47:20
  Speaker 1: the attention which is operative in the fore conscious. The
• 3:47:25
  Speaker 1: unconscious entangles with its connections preferentially, either those impressions and
• 3:47:31
  Speaker 1: ideas of the fore conscious which have been left unnoticed
• 3:47:34
  Speaker 1: as indifferent, or those that have soon been deprived of
• 3:47:38
  Speaker 1: this attention through rejection. It is a familiar fact from
• 3:47:43
  Speaker 1: the association studies, confirmed by every experience, that ideas which
• 3:47:48
  Speaker 1: have formed intimate connections in one direction assume an almost
• 3:47:52
  Speaker 1: negative attitude to hold groups of new connections. I once
• 3:47:57
  Speaker 1: tried from this principle to develop a theory for hysterical paralysis.
• 3:48:04
  Speaker 1: If we assume that the same need for the transference
• 3:48:08
  Speaker 1: of the repressed ideas which we have learned to know
• 3:48:11
  Speaker 1: from the analysis of the neuroses, makes its influence felt
• 3:48:15
  Speaker 1: in the dream as well, we can at once explain
• 3:48:18
  Speaker 1: two riddles of the dream, viz. That every dream analysis
• 3:48:23
  Speaker 1: shows an interweaving of a recent impression, and that this
• 3:48:28
  Speaker 1: recent element is frequently of the most indifferent character. We
• 3:48:33
  Speaker 1: may add what we have already learned elsewhere, that these
• 3:48:37
  Speaker 1: recent and indifferent elements come so frequently into the dream
• 3:48:41
  Speaker 1: content as a substitute for the most deep lying of
• 3:48:45
  Speaker 1: the dream thoughts, for the further reason that they have
• 3:48:48
  Speaker 1: least to fear from the resisting censor. But while this
• 3:48:53
  Speaker 1: freedom from censorship explains only the preference for trivial elements,
• 3:48:59
  Speaker 1: the concert and presence of recent elements points to the
• 3:49:02
  Speaker 1: fact that there is a need for transference. Both groups
• 3:49:07
  Speaker 1: of impressions satisfy the demand of the repression for materials
• 3:49:11
  Speaker 1: still free from associations, the indifferent ones because they have
• 3:49:16
  Speaker 1: offered no inducement for extensive associations, and the recent ones
• 3:49:21
  Speaker 1: because they have had insufficient time to form such associations.
• 3:49:27
  Speaker 1: We thus see that the day remnants, among which we
• 3:49:31
  Speaker 1: may now include the indifferent impressions, when they participate in
• 3:49:35
  Speaker 1: the dream formation, not only borrow from the unconscious the
• 3:49:39
  Speaker 1: motive power at the disposal of the repressed wish, but
• 3:49:43
  Speaker 1: also offer to the unconscious something indispensable, namely the attachment
• 3:49:48
  Speaker 1: necessary to the transference. If we here attempted to penetrate
• 3:49:54
  Speaker 1: more deeply into the psychic processes, we should first have
• 3:49:58
  Speaker 1: to throw more light on the play of emotions between
• 3:50:01
  Speaker 1: the fore conscious and the unconscious, to which indeed we
• 3:50:05
  Speaker 1: are urged by the study of the psychoneuroses, whereas the
• 3:50:09
  Speaker 1: dream itself offers no assistance in this respect. Just one
• 3:50:15
  Speaker 1: further remark about the day remnants, there is no doubt
• 3:50:19
  Speaker 1: that they are the actual disturbers of sleep, and not
• 3:50:23
  Speaker 1: the dream, which, on the contrary, strives to guard sleep.
• 3:50:27
  Speaker 1: But we shall return to this point later. We have
• 3:50:32
  Speaker 1: so far discussed the dream wish. We have traced it
• 3:50:35
  Speaker 1: to the sphere of the unconscious, and analyzed its relations
• 3:50:39
  Speaker 1: to the day remnants, which in turn may be either wishes,
• 3:50:43
  Speaker 1: psychic emotions of any other kind, or simply recent impressions.
• 3:50:49
  Speaker 1: We have thus made room for any claims that may
• 3:50:51
  Speaker 1: be made for the importance of conscious thought activity in
• 3:50:55
  Speaker 1: dream formations in all its variations. Dying upon our thought series,
• 3:51:02
  Speaker 1: it would not be at all impossible for us to
• 3:51:04
  Speaker 1: explain even those extreme cases in which the dream, as
• 3:51:07
  Speaker 1: a continuer of the day work brings to a happy
• 3:51:10
  Speaker 1: conclusion an unresolved problem of the waking state. We do, not, however,
• 3:51:16
  Speaker 1: possess an example, the analysis of which might reveal the
• 3:51:20
  Speaker 1: infantile or repressed wish source furnishing such alliance and successful
• 3:51:25
  Speaker 1: strengthening of the efforts of the fore conscious activity. But
• 3:51:30
  Speaker 1: we have not come one step nearer a solution of
• 3:51:33
  Speaker 1: the riddle why can the unconscious furnish the motive power
• 3:51:37
  Speaker 1: for wish fulfillment only during sleep? The answer to this
• 3:51:42
  Speaker 1: question must throw light on the psychic nature of wishes,
• 3:51:46
  Speaker 1: and it will be given with the aid of the
• 3:51:48
  Speaker 1: diagram of the psychic apparatus. We do not doubt that
• 3:51:53
  Speaker 1: even this apparatus attained its present perfection through a long
• 3:51:58
  Speaker 1: course of development. Let us attempt to restore it as
• 3:52:02
  Speaker 1: it existed in an early phase of its activity. From
• 3:52:05
  Speaker 1: assumptions to be confirmed elsewhere, we know that at first
• 3:52:10
  Speaker 1: the apparatus strove to keep us as free from excitement
• 3:52:13
  Speaker 1: as possible, and in its first formation, therefore, the scheme
• 3:52:18
  Speaker 1: took the form of a reflex apparatus, which enabled it
• 3:52:21
  Speaker 1: promptly to discharge through the motor tracts any sensible stimulus
• 3:52:26
  Speaker 1: reaching it from without. But this simple function was disturbed
• 3:52:31
  Speaker 1: by the wants of life, which likewise furnished the impulse
• 3:52:35
  Speaker 1: for the further development of the apparatus. The wants of
• 3:52:39
  Speaker 1: life first manifested themselves to it in the form of
• 3:52:43
  Speaker 1: the great physical needs. The excitement aroused by the inner
• 3:52:48
  Speaker 1: want seeks an outlet in motility, which may be designated
• 3:52:53
  Speaker 1: as inner changes or as an expression of the emotions.
• 3:52:58
  Speaker 1: The hungry child cries or fidgets helplessly, but its situation
• 3:53:03
  Speaker 1: remains unchanged. For the excitation proceeding from an inner want
• 3:53:08
  Speaker 1: requires not a momentary outbreak, but a force working continuously.
• 3:53:14
  Speaker 1: A change can occur only if in some way a
• 3:53:17
  Speaker 1: feeling of gratification is experienced, which in the case of
• 3:53:21
  Speaker 1: the child, must be through outside help in order to
• 3:53:25
  Speaker 1: remove the inner excitement. An essential constituent of this experience
• 3:53:31
  Speaker 1: is the appearance of a certain perception of food. In
• 3:53:34
  Speaker 1: our example, the memory picture of which thereafter remains associated
• 3:53:40
  Speaker 1: with the memory trace of the excitation of want. Thanks
• 3:53:44
  Speaker 1: to the established connection, there results that the next appearance
• 3:53:48
  Speaker 1: of this want a psychic feeling which revives the memory
• 3:53:52
  Speaker 1: picture of the former perception and thus recalls the former
• 3:53:56
  Speaker 1: perception itself i e. It actually re estabates publishes the
• 3:54:00
  Speaker 1: situation of the first gratification. We call such a feeling
• 3:54:05
  Speaker 1: a wish. The reappearance of the perception constitutes the wish fulfillment,
• 3:54:12
  Speaker 1: and the full revival of the perception by the want
• 3:54:14
  Speaker 1: excitement constitutes the shortest road to the wish fulfillment. We
• 3:54:20
  Speaker 1: may assume a primitive condition of the psychic apparatus in
• 3:54:24
  Speaker 1: which this road is really followed i e. Where the
• 3:54:27
  Speaker 1: wishing merges into an hallucination. This first psychic activity therefore
• 3:54:34
  Speaker 1: aims at an identity of perception i e. It aims
• 3:54:39
  Speaker 1: at a repetition of that perception which is connected with
• 3:54:42
  Speaker 1: the fulfillment of the want. This primitive mental activity must
• 3:54:49
  Speaker 1: have been modified by a bitter practical experience into a
• 3:54:53
  Speaker 1: more expedient secondary activity. The establishment of the identity perception
• 3:54:59
  Speaker 1: on the shore what regressive road within the apparatus does
• 3:55:03
  Speaker 1: not In another respect, carry with it the result which
• 3:55:06
  Speaker 1: inevitably follows the revival of the same perception from without.
• 3:55:11
  Speaker 1: The gratification does not take place, and the want continues.
• 3:55:16
  Speaker 1: In order to equalize the internal with the external sum
• 3:55:20
  Speaker 1: of energy, the former must be continually maintained, just as
• 3:55:25
  Speaker 1: actually happens in the hallucinatory psychoses and in the deliriums
• 3:55:30
  Speaker 1: of hunger, which exhaust their psychic capacity in clinging to
• 3:55:34
  Speaker 1: the object desired. In order to make more appropriate use
• 3:55:39
  Speaker 1: of the psychic force, it becomes necessary to inhibit the
• 3:55:43
  Speaker 1: full regression so as to prevent it from extending beyond
• 3:55:47
  Speaker 1: the image of memory, whence it can select other paths,
• 3:55:51
  Speaker 1: leading ultimately to the establishment of the desired identity from
• 3:55:55
  Speaker 1: the outer world. This inhibition and consequence deviation from the
• 3:56:01
  Speaker 1: excitation becomes the task of a second system which dominates
• 3:56:06
  Speaker 1: the voluntary motility, i e. Through whose activity the expenditure
• 3:56:11
  Speaker 1: of motility is now devoted to previously recalled purposes. But
• 3:56:17
  Speaker 1: this entire complicated mental activity which works its way from
• 3:56:21
  Speaker 1: the memory picture to the establishment of the perception identity
• 3:56:25
  Speaker 1: from the outer world, merely represents a detour which has
• 3:56:29
  Speaker 1: been forced upon the wishfulfillment by experience. Footnote Lelorin justly
• 3:56:37
  Speaker 1: extolls the wishfulfillment of the dream Saint fatigue, serriers, saint
• 3:56:43
  Speaker 1: zetro blegedre, courier, acid lute, opinatre, elongue, quilluscororde, le jouissance,
• 3:56:50
  Speaker 1: pauruce viville. End of footnote. Thinking is indeed nothing but
• 3:56:57
  Speaker 1: the equivalent of the hallucinatory wick, And if the dream
• 3:57:02
  Speaker 1: be called a wish fulfillment, this becomes self evident, as
• 3:57:06
  Speaker 1: nothing but a wish can impel our psychic apparatus to activity.
• 3:57:11
  Speaker 1: The dream, which in fulfilling its wishes, follows the short
• 3:57:15
  Speaker 1: regressive path, thereby preserves for us only an example of
• 3:57:20
  Speaker 1: the primary form of the psychic apparatus, which has been
• 3:57:24
  Speaker 1: abandoned as inexpedient. What once ruled in the waking state,
• 3:57:29
  Speaker 1: when the psychic life was still young and unfit, seems
• 3:57:33
  Speaker 1: to have been banished into the sleeping state, just as
• 3:57:37
  Speaker 1: we see again in the nursery, the bow and arrow,
• 3:57:40
  Speaker 1: the discarded primitive weapons of grown up humanity. The dream
• 3:57:45
  Speaker 1: is a fragment of the abandoned psychic life of the child.
• 3:57:49
  Speaker 1: In the psychoses. These modes of operation of the psychic apparatus,
• 3:57:54
  Speaker 1: which are normally suppressed in the waking state, reassert themselves
• 3:57:59
  Speaker 1: and then betray their inability to satisfy our wants in
• 3:58:02
  Speaker 1: the outer world. The unconscious wish feelings evidently strive to
• 3:58:09
  Speaker 1: assert themselves during the day also, and the fact of
• 3:58:13
  Speaker 1: transference and the psychoses teach us that they endeavor to
• 3:58:17
  Speaker 1: penetrate to consciousness and dominate motility by the road leading
• 3:58:22
  Speaker 1: through the system of the fore conscious. It is therefore
• 3:58:26
  Speaker 1: the censor lying between the unconscious and the fore conscious,
• 3:58:30
  Speaker 1: the assumption of which is forced upon us by the dream,
• 3:58:34
  Speaker 1: that we have to recognize and honor as the guardian
• 3:58:37
  Speaker 1: of our psychic health. But is it not carelessness on
• 3:58:41
  Speaker 1: the part of this guardian to diminish its vigilance during
• 3:58:45
  Speaker 1: the night and to allow the suppressed emotions of the
• 3:58:48
  Speaker 1: unconscious to come to expression, thus again making possible the
• 3:58:52
  Speaker 1: hallucinatory regression. I think not, For when the critical guardian
• 3:58:58
  Speaker 1: goes to rest, and we have proof that his slumber
• 3:59:01
  Speaker 1: is not profound, he takes care to close the gate
• 3:59:05
  Speaker 1: to motility. No matter what feelings from the otherwise inhibited
• 3:59:10
  Speaker 1: unconscious may roam about on the scene, they need not
• 3:59:14
  Speaker 1: be interfered with. They remain harmless because they are unable
• 3:59:18
  Speaker 1: to put in motion the motor apparatus, which alone can
• 3:59:22
  Speaker 1: exert a modifying influence upon the outer world. Sleep guarantees
• 3:59:28
  Speaker 1: the security of the fortress which is under guard. Conditions
• 3:59:33
  Speaker 1: are less harmless when a displacement of forces is produced
• 3:59:38
  Speaker 1: not through a nocturnal diminution in the operation of the
• 3:59:41
  Speaker 1: critical censor, but through pathological enfeeblement of the latter, or
• 3:59:46
  Speaker 1: through pathological reinforcement of the unconscious excitations. And this while
• 3:59:52
  Speaker 1: the fore conscious is charged with energy and the avenues
• 3:59:56
  Speaker 1: to motility are open. The guardian is then overpower the
• 4:00:01
  Speaker 1: unconscious excitations subdue the fore conscious through it, they dominate
• 4:00:06
  Speaker 1: our speech and actions, or they enforce the hallucinatory regression,
• 4:00:12
  Speaker 1: thus governing an apparatus not designed for them, by virtue
• 4:00:16
  Speaker 1: of the attraction exerted by the perceptions on the distribution
• 4:00:20
  Speaker 1: of our psychic energy. We call this condition a psychosis.
• 4:00:27
  Speaker 1: We are now in the best position to complete our
• 4:00:30
  Speaker 1: psychological construction, which has been interrupted by the introduction of
• 4:00:34
  Speaker 1: the two systems unconscious and fore conscious. We have, still, however,
• 4:00:40
  Speaker 1: ample reason for giving further consideration to the wish as
• 4:00:44
  Speaker 1: the sole psychic motive power in the dream. We have
• 4:00:48
  Speaker 1: explained that the reason why the dream is in every
• 4:00:52
  Speaker 1: case a wish realization is because it is a product
• 4:00:55
  Speaker 1: of the unconscious, which knows no other aim in its
• 4:00:59
  Speaker 1: activity but the fulfillment of wishes, and which has no
• 4:01:03
  Speaker 1: other forces at its disposal but wish feelings. If we
• 4:01:08
  Speaker 1: avail ourselves for a moment longer of the right to
• 4:01:12
  Speaker 1: elaborate from the dream interpretation such far reaching psychological speculations,
• 4:01:18
  Speaker 1: we are in duty bound to demonstrate that we are
• 4:01:21
  Speaker 1: thereby bringing the dream into a relationship which may also
• 4:01:25
  Speaker 1: comprise other psychic structures. If there exists a system of
• 4:01:30
  Speaker 1: the unconscious, or something sufficiently analogous to it, for the
• 4:01:35
  Speaker 1: purpose of our discussion, the dream cannot be its sole manifestation.
• 4:01:41
  Speaker 1: Every dream may be a wishfulfillment, but there must be
• 4:01:45
  Speaker 1: other forms of abnormal wishfulfillment beside this of dreams. Indeed,
• 4:01:51
  Speaker 1: the theory of all psychoneurotic systems culminates in the proposition
• 4:01:56
  Speaker 1: that they too must be taken as wishfulfillments of the unconscious.
• 4:02:01
  Speaker 1: Our explanation makes the dream only the first member of
• 4:02:04
  Speaker 1: a group. Most important for the psychiatrist, an understanding, of
• 4:02:09
  Speaker 1: which means the solution of the purely psychological part of
• 4:02:13
  Speaker 1: the psychiatric problem. But other members of the group of
• 4:02:17
  Speaker 1: wish fulfillments, for example, the hysterical symptoms, evince one essential
• 4:02:23
  Speaker 1: quality which I have so far failed to find in
• 4:02:26
  Speaker 1: the dream. Thus, from the investigations frequently referred to in
• 4:02:31
  Speaker 1: this treatise, I know that the formation of an hysterical
• 4:02:35
  Speaker 1: symptom necessitates the combination of both streams of our psychic life.
• 4:02:42
  Speaker 1: The symptom is not merely the expression of a realized
• 4:02:46
  Speaker 1: unconscious wish, but it must be joined by another wish
• 4:02:50
  Speaker 1: from the fore conscious, which is fulfilled by the same symptom,
• 4:02:55
  Speaker 1: so that the symptom is at least doubly determined once
• 4:02:59
  Speaker 1: by each ward one of the conflicting systems. Just as
• 4:03:03
  Speaker 1: in the dream, there is no limit to further over determination.
• 4:03:08
  Speaker 1: The determination not derived from the unconscious is, as far
• 4:03:12
  Speaker 1: as I can see, invariably a stream of thought in
• 4:03:16
  Speaker 1: reaction against the unconscious wish, for example, a self punishment. Hence,
• 4:03:23
  Speaker 1: I may say in general that an hysterical symptom originates
• 4:03:27
  Speaker 1: only where two contrasting wish fulfillments, having their source in
• 4:03:32
  Speaker 1: different psychic systems are able to combine in one expression.
• 4:03:37
  Speaker 1: Compare my latest formulation of the origin of the hysterical
• 4:03:41
  Speaker 1: systems in a treatise published by the Zeitschrift fur sixuvar
• 4:03:46
  Speaker 1: Wissenschaft by Hirschfeld and others nineteen o eight. Examples on
• 4:03:52
  Speaker 1: this point would prove of little value, as nothing but
• 4:03:55
  Speaker 1: a complete unveiling of the complication in question would carry conviction.
• 4:04:00
  Speaker 1: I therefore content myself with the mere assertion, and will
• 4:04:04
  Speaker 1: cite an example not for conviction but for explication. The
• 4:04:10
  Speaker 1: hysterical vomiting of a female patient proved, on the one hand,
• 4:04:14
  Speaker 1: to be the realization of an unconscious fancy from the
• 4:04:18
  Speaker 1: time of puberty that she might be continuously pregnant and
• 4:04:22
  Speaker 1: have a multiple of children, and this was subsequently united
• 4:04:27
  Speaker 1: with the wish that she might have them from as
• 4:04:29
  Speaker 1: many men as possible. Against this immoderate wish there arose
• 4:04:34
  Speaker 1: a powerful defensive impulse. But as the vomiting might spoil
• 4:04:39
  Speaker 1: the patient's figure and beauty so that she would not
• 4:04:42
  Speaker 1: find favor in the eyes of mankind, the symptom was
• 4:04:45
  Speaker 1: therefore in keeping with her punitive trend of thought, and
• 4:04:49
  Speaker 1: being thus admissible from both sides. It was allowed to
• 4:04:53
  Speaker 1: become a reality. This is the same manner of consenting
• 4:04:58
  Speaker 1: to a wish fulfillment which the queen of the Parthians
• 4:05:01
  Speaker 1: chose for the triumvir Crassus, believing that he had undertaken
• 4:05:06
  Speaker 1: the campaign out of greed for gold, she caused molten
• 4:05:10
  Speaker 1: gold to be poured into the throat of the corpse.
• 4:05:13
  Speaker 1: Now hast thou what thou hast longed for? As yet
• 4:05:18
  Speaker 1: we know of the dream only that it expresses a
• 4:05:20
  Speaker 1: wish fulfillment of the unconscious, and apparently the dominating fore
• 4:05:25
  Speaker 1: conscious permits this only after it has subjected the wish
• 4:05:29
  Speaker 1: to some distortions. We are really in no position to
• 4:05:33
  Speaker 1: demonstrate regularly a stream of thought antagonistic to the dream
• 4:05:38
  Speaker 1: wish which is realized in the dream as in its counterpart.
• 4:05:43
  Speaker 1: Only now and then have we found in the dream
• 4:05:46
  Speaker 1: traces of reaction formulations, as for instance, the tenderness towards
• 4:05:52
  Speaker 1: friend are in the uncle dream. But the contribution from
• 4:05:57
  Speaker 1: the fore conscious, which is missing here, may be found
• 4:06:00
  Speaker 1: in another place. While the dominating system has withdrawn on
• 4:06:05
  Speaker 1: the wish to sleep, the dream may bring to expression,
• 4:06:09
  Speaker 1: with manifold distortions, a wish from the unconscious and realize
• 4:06:14
  Speaker 1: this wish by producing the necessary changes of energy in
• 4:06:17
  Speaker 1: the psychic apparatus, and may finally retain it through the
• 4:06:22
  Speaker 1: entire duration of sleep. Footnote. This idea has been borrowed
• 4:06:28
  Speaker 1: from the theory of sleep by Liebo, who revived hypnotic
• 4:06:32
  Speaker 1: investigation in our days De sommet provoke et ce Paris,
• 4:06:39
  Speaker 1: eighteen eighty nine, end of footnote. This persistent wish to
• 4:06:44
  Speaker 1: sleep on the part of the fore conscious in general,
• 4:06:48
  Speaker 1: facilitates the formation of the dream. Let us refer to
• 4:06:52
  Speaker 1: the dream of the father, who, by the gleam of
• 4:06:55
  Speaker 1: light from the death chamber, was brought to the conclusion
• 4:06:58
  Speaker 1: that the body had been set on fire. We have
• 4:07:01
  Speaker 1: shown that one of the psychic forces decisive in causing
• 4:07:05
  Speaker 1: the father to form this conclusion instead of being awakened
• 4:07:09
  Speaker 1: by the gleam of light, was the wish to prolong
• 4:07:12
  Speaker 1: the life of the child seen in the dream by
• 4:07:15
  Speaker 1: one moment. Other wishes proceeding from the repression probably escape
• 4:07:21
  Speaker 1: us because we are unable to analyze this dream. But
• 4:07:25
  Speaker 1: as a second motive power of the dream, we may
• 4:07:28
  Speaker 1: mention the father's desire to sleep, for like the life
• 4:07:31
  Speaker 1: of the child, the sleep of the father is prolonged
• 4:07:35
  Speaker 1: for a moment by the dream. The underlying motive is
• 4:07:39
  Speaker 1: let the dream go on, otherwise I must wake up.
• 4:07:43
  Speaker 1: As in this dream, so also in all other dreams,
• 4:07:47
  Speaker 1: the wish to sleep lends its support to the unconscious wish.
• 4:07:52
  Speaker 1: We reported dreams which were apparently dreams of convenience, but
• 4:07:56
  Speaker 1: properly speaking, all dreams may claim this desert nation. The
• 4:08:01
  Speaker 1: efficacy of the wish to continue to sleep is the
• 4:08:05
  Speaker 1: most easily recognized in the waking dreams, which so transformed
• 4:08:10
  Speaker 1: the objective sensory stimulus as to render it compatible with
• 4:08:14
  Speaker 1: the continuance of sleep. They interweave this stimulus with the
• 4:08:19
  Speaker 1: dream in order to rob it of any claims it
• 4:08:22
  Speaker 1: might make as a warning to the outer world. But
• 4:08:26
  Speaker 1: this wish to continue to sleep must also participate in
• 4:08:30
  Speaker 1: the formation of all other dreams, which may disturb the
• 4:08:33
  Speaker 1: sleeping state from within. Only now then sleep on why
• 4:08:38
  Speaker 1: it's but a dream? This is in many cases the
• 4:08:42
  Speaker 1: suggestion of the fore conscious to consciousness when the dream
• 4:08:46
  Speaker 1: goes too far, And this also describes in a general way,
• 4:08:51
  Speaker 1: the attitude of our dominating psychic activity toward dreaming. Though
• 4:08:56
  Speaker 1: the thought remains tacit, I must draw the conclusion that,
• 4:09:01
  Speaker 1: throughout our entire sleeping state, we are just as certain
• 4:09:05
  Speaker 1: that we are dreaming as we are certain that we
• 4:09:08
  Speaker 1: are sleeping. We are compelled to disregard the objection urged
• 4:09:13
  Speaker 1: against this conclusion, that our consciousness is never directed to
• 4:09:17
  Speaker 1: a knowledge of the former, and that it is directed
• 4:09:20
  Speaker 1: to a knowledge of the latter only on special occasions
• 4:09:23
  Speaker 1: when the censor is unexpectedly surprised against this objection, we
• 4:09:29
  Speaker 1: may say that there are persons who are entirely conscious
• 4:09:32
  Speaker 1: of their sleeping and dreaming, and who are apparently endowed
• 4:09:36
  Speaker 1: with the conscious faculty of guiding their dream life. Such
• 4:09:41
  Speaker 1: a dreamer, when dissatisfied with the course taken by the dream,
• 4:09:45
  Speaker 1: breaks it off without awakening, and begins it anew in
• 4:09:50
  Speaker 1: order to continue it with a different turn, like the
• 4:09:53
  Speaker 1: popular author who, on request gives a happier ending to
• 4:09:57
  Speaker 1: his play, or at another time, if placed by the
• 4:10:01
  Speaker 1: dream in a sexually exciting situation, he thinks in his sleep,
• 4:10:06
  Speaker 1: I do not care to continue this dream and exhaust
• 4:10:09
  Speaker 1: myself by a pollution. I prefer to defer it in
• 4:10:13
  Speaker 1: favor of a real situation. End of Chapter six.
• 4:10:21
  Speaker 7: Chapter seven the function of the dream. Since we know
• 4:10:26
  Speaker 7: that the fore conscious is suspended during the night by
• 4:10:28
  Speaker 7: the wish to sleep, we can proceed to an intelligent
• 4:10:31
  Speaker 7: investigation of the dream process. But let us first some
• 4:10:35
  Speaker 7: of the knowledge of this process already gained. We have
• 4:10:39
  Speaker 7: shown that the waking activity leaves day remnants from which
• 4:10:42
  Speaker 7: the sum of energy cannot be entirely removed, or the
• 4:10:46
  Speaker 7: waking activity revives during the day one of the unconscious wishes,
• 4:10:51
  Speaker 7: or both conditions occur simultaneously. We have already discovered the
• 4:10:55
  Speaker 7: many variations that may take place. The unconscious wish has
• 4:10:59
  Speaker 7: our made its way to the day remnants, either during
• 4:11:02
  Speaker 7: the day or at any rate with the beginning of sleep,
• 4:11:06
  Speaker 7: and has effected a transference to it. This produces a
• 4:11:09
  Speaker 7: wish transferred to the recent material, or the suppressed recent
• 4:11:13
  Speaker 7: wish comes to life again through a reinforcement from the unconscious.
• 4:11:19
  Speaker 7: This wish now endeavors to make its way to consciousness
• 4:11:22
  Speaker 7: on the normal path of the mental processes through the
• 4:11:25
  Speaker 7: fore conscious, to which indeed it belongs through one of
• 4:11:29
  Speaker 7: its constituent elements. It is confronted, however, by the sensor,
• 4:11:33
  Speaker 7: which is still active and to the influence of which
• 4:11:36
  Speaker 7: it now succumbs. It now takes on the distortion for
• 4:11:40
  Speaker 7: which the way has already been paved by its transference
• 4:11:43
  Speaker 7: to the recent material. Thus far it is in the
• 4:11:46
  Speaker 7: way of becoming something resembling an obsession, delusion, or the
• 4:11:50
  Speaker 7: like i e. A thought reinforced by a transference and
• 4:11:55
  Speaker 7: distorted in expression by the censor. But its further progress
• 4:11:59
  Speaker 7: is now checked through the dormant state of the fore conscious.
• 4:12:02
  Speaker 7: This system has apparently protected itself against invasion by diminishing
• 4:12:06
  Speaker 7: its excitements. The dream process therefore takes the regressive course
• 4:12:12
  Speaker 7: which has just been opened by the peculiarity of the
• 4:12:15
  Speaker 7: sleeping state, and thereby follows the attraction exerted on it
• 4:12:19
  Speaker 7: by the memory groups, which themselves exist in part only
• 4:12:22
  Speaker 7: as visual energy, not yet translated into terms of the
• 4:12:26
  Speaker 7: later systems. On its way to regression, the dream takes
• 4:12:30
  Speaker 7: on the form of dramatization. The subject of compression will
• 4:12:34
  Speaker 7: be discussed later. The dream process has now terminated the
• 4:12:37
  Speaker 7: second part of its repeatedly impeded course. The first part
• 4:12:42
  Speaker 7: expended itself progressively from the unconscious scenes or phantasies to
• 4:12:46
  Speaker 7: the fore conscious, while the second part gravitates from the
• 4:12:49
  Speaker 7: advent of the censor back to the perceptions. But when
• 4:12:53
  Speaker 7: the dream process becomes a content of perception, it has,
• 4:12:57
  Speaker 7: so to speak, eluded the obstacles set up in the
• 4:13:00
  Speaker 7: fore conscious by the censor and by the sleeping state.
• 4:13:05
  Speaker 7: It succeeds in drawing attention to itself and in being
• 4:13:08
  Speaker 7: noticed by a consciousness. For consciousness, which means to us,
• 4:13:12
  Speaker 7: a sensory organ for the reception of psychic qualities, may
• 4:13:16
  Speaker 7: receive stimuli from two sources, first from the periphery of
• 4:13:20
  Speaker 7: the entire apparatus, viz. From the perception system, and secondly
• 4:13:25
  Speaker 7: from the pleasure and pain stimuli, which constitute the sole
• 4:13:29
  Speaker 7: psychic quality produced in the transformation of energy within the apparatus.
• 4:13:35
  Speaker 7: All other processes in the system, even those in the
• 4:13:38
  Speaker 7: fore conscious, are devoid of any psychic quality, and are
• 4:13:42
  Speaker 7: therefore not objects of consciousness. Inasmuch as they do not
• 4:13:46
  Speaker 7: furnish pleasure or pain for perception, we shall have to
• 4:13:50
  Speaker 7: assume that those liberations of pleasure and pain automatically regulate
• 4:13:55
  Speaker 7: the outlet of the occupation processes. But in order to
• 4:13:59
  Speaker 7: make possible more delicate functions, it was later found necessary
• 4:14:03
  Speaker 7: to render the course of the presentations more independent of
• 4:14:06
  Speaker 7: the manifestations of pain. To accomplish this, the four conscious
• 4:14:11
  Speaker 7: system needed some qualities of its own which could attract consciousness,
• 4:14:16
  Speaker 7: and most probably received them through the connection of the
• 4:14:19
  Speaker 7: four conscious processes with the memory system of the signs
• 4:14:23
  Speaker 7: of speech, which is not devoid of qualities. Through the
• 4:14:27
  Speaker 7: qualities of this system, consciousness, which had hitherto been a
• 4:14:31
  Speaker 7: sensory organ only for the perceptions, now becomes also a
• 4:14:35
  Speaker 7: sensory organ for a part of our mental processes. Thus
• 4:14:39
  Speaker 7: we have now, as it were, two sensory surfaces, one
• 4:14:42
  Speaker 7: directed to perceptions and the other to the four conscious
• 4:14:45
  Speaker 7: mental processes. I must assume that the sensory surface of
• 4:14:50
  Speaker 7: consciousness devoted to the four conscious is rendered less excitable
• 4:14:55
  Speaker 7: by sleep than that directed to the piece systems. The
• 4:15:00
  Speaker 7: giving up of interest for the nocturnal mental processes is
• 4:15:03
  Speaker 7: indeed purposeful. Nothing is to disturb the mind. The fore
• 4:15:08
  Speaker 7: conscious wants to sleep, But once the dream becomes a perception,
• 4:15:13
  Speaker 7: it is then capable of exciting consciousness Through the qualities
• 4:15:17
  Speaker 7: thus gained, the sensory stimulus accomplishes what it was really
• 4:15:22
  Speaker 7: destined for, namely, it directs a part of the energy
• 4:15:26
  Speaker 7: at the disposal of the fore conscious in the form
• 4:15:29
  Speaker 7: of attention upon the stimulant. We must therefore admit that
• 4:15:34
  Speaker 7: the dream invariably awakens us, that is, it puts into
• 4:15:38
  Speaker 7: activity a part of the dormant force of the fore conscious.
• 4:15:44
  Speaker 7: This force imparts to the dream that influence which we
• 4:15:47
  Speaker 7: have designated as secondary elaboration for the sake of connection
• 4:15:51
  Speaker 7: and comprehensibility. This means that the dream is treated by
• 4:15:56
  Speaker 7: it like any other content of perception. It is subjected
• 4:15:59
  Speaker 7: to the same ideas of expectation as far at least
• 4:16:03
  Speaker 7: as the material admits. As far as the direction is concerned.
• 4:16:07
  Speaker 7: In this third part of the dream, it may be
• 4:16:10
  Speaker 7: said that here again the movement is progressive. To avoid misunderstanding,
• 4:16:16
  Speaker 7: it will not be amiss to say a few words
• 4:16:18
  Speaker 7: about the temporal peculiarities of these dream processes. In a
• 4:16:22
  Speaker 7: very interesting discussion apparently suggested by Maurice's puzzling Guillotine dream,
• 4:16:28
  Speaker 7: Goblay tries to demonstrate that the dream requires no other
• 4:16:31
  Speaker 7: time than the transition period between sleeping and awakening. The
• 4:16:36
  Speaker 7: wakening requires time as the dream takes place during that period.
• 4:16:41
  Speaker 7: One is inclined to believe that the final picture of
• 4:16:43
  Speaker 7: the dream is so strong that it forces the dreamer
• 4:16:46
  Speaker 7: to awaken. But as a matter of fact, this picture
• 4:16:50
  Speaker 7: is strong only because the dreamer is already very near
• 4:16:53
  Speaker 7: awakening when it appears on glev Say unrevey Ki comments.
• 4:16:59
  Speaker 7: It has already been emphasized by Dugaw that Goblat was
• 4:17:02
  Speaker 7: forced to repudiate many facts in order to generalize his theory.
• 4:17:08
  Speaker 7: There are, moreover, dreams from which we do not awaken,
• 4:17:11
  Speaker 7: e g. Some dreams in which we dream that we dream.
• 4:17:15
  Speaker 7: From our knowledge of the dream work, we can by
• 4:17:18
  Speaker 7: no means admit that it extends only over the period
• 4:17:21
  Speaker 7: of awakening. On the contrary, we must consider it probable
• 4:17:25
  Speaker 7: that the first part of the dream work begins during
• 4:17:28
  Speaker 7: the day, when we are still under the domination of
• 4:17:30
  Speaker 7: the fore conscious. The second phase of the dream work,
• 4:17:35
  Speaker 7: vis the modification through the censor, the attraction by the
• 4:17:39
  Speaker 7: unconscious scenes, and the penetration to perception, must continue throughout
• 4:17:43
  Speaker 7: the night, and we are probably always right when we
• 4:17:46
  Speaker 7: assert that we feel as though we had been dreaming
• 4:17:49
  Speaker 7: the whole night, although we cannot say what I do not, however,
• 4:17:54
  Speaker 7: think it necessary to assume that up to the time
• 4:17:57
  Speaker 7: of becoming conscious, the dream process really follow the temporal
• 4:18:01
  Speaker 7: sequence which we have described, viz. That there is first
• 4:18:05
  Speaker 7: the transferred dream wish, then the distortion of the censor,
• 4:18:09
  Speaker 7: and consequently the change of direction to regression, and so on.
• 4:18:14
  Speaker 7: We were forced to form such a succession for the
• 4:18:16
  Speaker 7: sake of description. In reality, however, it is much rather
• 4:18:20
  Speaker 7: a matter of simultaneously trying this path and that, and
• 4:18:24
  Speaker 7: of emotions fluctuating to and fro, until finally, owing to
• 4:18:28
  Speaker 7: the most expedient distribution, one particular grouping is secured, which
• 4:18:33
  Speaker 7: remains from certain personal experiences. I am myself inclined to
• 4:18:38
  Speaker 7: believe that the dream work often requires more than one
• 4:18:41
  Speaker 7: day and one night to produce its result. If this
• 4:18:45
  Speaker 7: be true, the extraordinary art manifested in the construction of
• 4:18:49
  Speaker 7: the dream loses all its marvels. In my opinion, even
• 4:18:53
  Speaker 7: the regard for comprehensibility as an occurrence of perception, may
• 4:18:57
  Speaker 7: take effect before the dream attracts consciousness to itself. To
• 4:19:02
  Speaker 7: be sure, from now on the process is accelerated, as
• 4:19:05
  Speaker 7: the dream is henceforth subjected to the same treatment as
• 4:19:09
  Speaker 7: any other perception. It is like fireworks, which require hours
• 4:19:14
  Speaker 7: of preparation and only a moment for ignition. Through the
• 4:19:18
  Speaker 7: dream work. The dream process now gains either sufficient intensity
• 4:19:22
  Speaker 7: to attract consciousness to itself and arouse the fore conscious,
• 4:19:26
  Speaker 7: which is quite independent of the time or profundity of sleep,
• 4:19:30
  Speaker 7: or its intensity being insufficient. It must wait until it
• 4:19:33
  Speaker 7: meets the attention which is set in motion immediately before awakening.
• 4:19:39
  Speaker 7: Most dreams seem to operate with relatively slight psychic intensities,
• 4:19:43
  Speaker 7: for they wait for the awakening. This, however, explains the
• 4:19:47
  Speaker 7: fact that we regularly perceive something dreamt on being suddenly
• 4:19:50
  Speaker 7: aroused from a sound sleep. Here as well as in
• 4:19:54
  Speaker 7: spontaneous awakening, the first glance strikes the perception content created
• 4:19:58
  Speaker 7: by the dream work, while the next strikes the one
• 4:20:01
  Speaker 7: produced from without. But if greater theoretical interest are those
• 4:20:06
  Speaker 7: dreams which are capable of waking us in the midst
• 4:20:09
  Speaker 7: of sleep, we must bear in mind the expediency elsewhere
• 4:20:13
  Speaker 7: universally demonstrated and ask ourselves why the dream or the
• 4:20:17
  Speaker 7: unconscious wish has the power to disturb sleep, i e.
• 4:20:21
  Speaker 7: The fulfillment of the fore conscious wish. This is probably
• 4:20:26
  Speaker 7: due to certain relations of energy into which we have
• 4:20:28
  Speaker 7: no insight. If we possess such insight, we should probably
• 4:20:33
  Speaker 7: find that the freedom given to the dream and the
• 4:20:35
  Speaker 7: expenditure of a certain amount of detached attention represent for
• 4:20:39
  Speaker 7: the dream and economy and energy. Keeping in view the
• 4:20:42
  Speaker 7: fact that the unconscious must be kept in check at night,
• 4:20:46
  Speaker 7: just as during the day, we know from experience that
• 4:20:50
  Speaker 7: the dream, even if it interrupts sleep repeatedly during the
• 4:20:53
  Speaker 7: same night, still remains compatible with sleep. We wake up
• 4:20:58
  Speaker 7: for an instant and immediately resume doom our sleep. It
• 4:21:01
  Speaker 7: is like driving off a fly during sleep. We awake
• 4:21:04
  Speaker 7: ad hoc, and when we resume our sleep, we have
• 4:21:07
  Speaker 7: removed the disturbance. As demonstrated by familiar examples from the
• 4:21:12
  Speaker 7: sleep of wet nurses, et cetera, the fulfillment of the
• 4:21:15
  Speaker 7: wish to sleep is quite compatible with the retention of
• 4:21:18
  Speaker 7: a certain amount of attention in a given direction. But
• 4:21:23
  Speaker 7: we must here take cognizance of an objection that is
• 4:21:26
  Speaker 7: based on a better knowledge of the unconscious processes. Although
• 4:21:30
  Speaker 7: we have ourselves described the unconscious wishes as always active,
• 4:21:35
  Speaker 7: we have nevertheless asserted that they are not sufficiently strong
• 4:21:38
  Speaker 7: during the day to make themselves perceptible. But when we sleep,
• 4:21:43
  Speaker 7: and the unconscious wish has shown its power to form
• 4:21:45
  Speaker 7: a dream and with it to awaken the foe conscious.
• 4:21:49
  Speaker 7: Why then, does this power become exhausted after the dream
• 4:21:52
  Speaker 7: has been taken cognizance of would it not seem more
• 4:21:56
  Speaker 7: probable that the dream should continually renew itself, like the
• 4:21:59
  Speaker 7: troublesome flare, which, when driven away, takes pleasure in returning
• 4:22:03
  Speaker 7: again and again. What justifies our assertion that the dream
• 4:22:07
  Speaker 7: removes the disturbance of sleep, that the unconscious wishes always
• 4:22:12
  Speaker 7: remain active is quite true. They represent paths which are
• 4:22:16
  Speaker 7: passable whenever a sum of excitement makes use of them. Moreover,
• 4:22:20
  Speaker 7: a remarkable peculiarity of the unconscious processes is the fact
• 4:22:24
  Speaker 7: that they remain indestructible. Nothing can be brought to an end.
• 4:22:28
  Speaker 7: In the unconscious, nothing can cease or be forgotten. This
• 4:22:33
  Speaker 7: impression is most strongly gained in the study of the neuroses,
• 4:22:37
  Speaker 7: especially of hysteria. The unconscious stream of thought which leads
• 4:22:42
  Speaker 7: to the discharge through an attack, becomes passable again as
• 4:22:45
  Speaker 7: soon as there is an accumulation of a sufficient amount
• 4:22:48
  Speaker 7: of excitement. The mortification brought on thirty years ago after
• 4:22:52
  Speaker 7: having gained access to the unconscious effective source operates during
• 4:22:57
  Speaker 7: all these thirty years like a recent one. Whenever its
• 4:23:00
  Speaker 7: memory is touched, it is revived and shows itself to
• 4:23:03
  Speaker 7: be supplied with the excitement which is discharged in a
• 4:23:06
  Speaker 7: motor attack. It is just here that the office of
• 4:23:09
  Speaker 7: psychotherapy begins its task, being to bring about adjustment and
• 4:23:14
  Speaker 7: forgetfulness for the unconscious processes. Indeed, the fading of memories
• 4:23:19
  Speaker 7: and the flagging of effects, which we are apt to
• 4:23:22
  Speaker 7: take as self evident and to explain as a primary
• 4:23:25
  Speaker 7: influence of time on the psychic memories, are in reality
• 4:23:29
  Speaker 7: secondary changes brought about by painstaking work. It is the
• 4:23:33
  Speaker 7: fore conscious that accomplishes this work, and the only course
• 4:23:37
  Speaker 7: to be pursued by psychotherapy is the subjegate of the
• 4:23:40
  Speaker 7: unconscious to the domination of the foe conscious. There are
• 4:23:46
  Speaker 7: therefore two exits for the individual unconscious emotional process. It
• 4:23:51
  Speaker 7: is either left to itself, in which case it ultimately
• 4:23:54
  Speaker 7: breaks through somewhere and secures for once a discharge for
• 4:23:58
  Speaker 7: its excitation into motels, or it succumbs to the influence
• 4:24:02
  Speaker 7: of the fore conscious and its excitation becomes confined through
• 4:24:06
  Speaker 7: this influence instead of being discharged. It is the latter
• 4:24:11
  Speaker 7: process that occurs in the dream owing to the fact
• 4:24:14
  Speaker 7: that it is directed by the conscious excitement. The energy
• 4:24:17
  Speaker 7: from the fore conscious which confronts the dream, when grown
• 4:24:21
  Speaker 7: to perception, restricts the unconscious excitement of the dream and
• 4:24:25
  Speaker 7: renders it harmless as a disturbing factor. When the dreamer
• 4:24:29
  Speaker 7: wakes up for a moment, he has actually chased away
• 4:24:32
  Speaker 7: the fly that has threatened to disturb his sleep. We
• 4:24:36
  Speaker 7: can now understand that it is really more expedient and
• 4:24:39
  Speaker 7: economical to give full sway to the unconscious wish and
• 4:24:43
  Speaker 7: clear its way to regression, so that it may form
• 4:24:45
  Speaker 7: a dream, and then restrict and adjust this dream by
• 4:24:49
  Speaker 7: means of a small expenditure of fore conscious labor, than
• 4:24:53
  Speaker 7: to curb the unconscious thought the entire period of sleep.
• 4:24:57
  Speaker 7: We should indeed expect that the dream, even if if
• 4:25:00
  Speaker 7: it was not originally an expedient process, would have acquired
• 4:25:04
  Speaker 7: some function in the play of forces of the psychic life.
• 4:25:08
  Speaker 7: We now see what this function is. The dream has
• 4:25:11
  Speaker 7: taken it upon itself to bring the liberated excitement of
• 4:25:14
  Speaker 7: the unconscious back under the domination of the fore conscious.
• 4:25:19
  Speaker 7: It thus affords relief for the excitement of the unconscious
• 4:25:22
  Speaker 7: and acts as a safety valve for the latter, and
• 4:25:25
  Speaker 7: at the same time it insures the sleep of the
• 4:25:28
  Speaker 7: fore conscious at a slight expenditure of the waking state.
• 4:25:32
  Speaker 7: Like the other psychic formations of its group, the dream
• 4:25:35
  Speaker 7: offers itself as a compromise, serving simultaneously both systems by
• 4:25:40
  Speaker 7: fulfilling both wishes in so far as they are compatible
• 4:25:43
  Speaker 7: with each other. A glance at Robert's elimination theory will
• 4:25:48
  Speaker 7: show that we must agree with this author in his
• 4:25:50
  Speaker 7: main point, viz. In the determination of the function of
• 4:25:53
  Speaker 7: the dream, though we differ from him in our hypotheses
• 4:25:57
  Speaker 7: and in our treatment of the dream process. The above qualification,
• 4:26:03
  Speaker 7: in so far as the two wishes are compatible with
• 4:26:05
  Speaker 7: each other, contains the suggestion that there may be cases
• 4:26:09
  Speaker 7: in which the function of the dream suffer shipwreck. The
• 4:26:13
  Speaker 7: dream process is, in the first instance admitted as a
• 4:26:16
  Speaker 7: wish fulfillment of the unconscious. But if this tentative wish
• 4:26:20
  Speaker 7: fulfillment disturbs the fore conscious to such an extent that
• 4:26:23
  Speaker 7: the latter can no longer maintain its rest, the dream
• 4:26:26
  Speaker 7: then breaks the compromise and fails to perform the second
• 4:26:29
  Speaker 7: part of its task. It is then at once broken
• 4:26:33
  Speaker 7: off and replaced by complete wakefulness. Here too, it is
• 4:26:37
  Speaker 7: not really the fault of the dream, if, while ordinarily
• 4:26:40
  Speaker 7: the guardian of sleep, it is here compelled to appear
• 4:26:43
  Speaker 7: as the disturber of sleep. Nor should this cause us
• 4:26:46
  Speaker 7: to entertain any doubts as to its efficacy. This is
• 4:26:51
  Speaker 7: not the only case in the organism in which an
• 4:26:53
  Speaker 7: otherwise efficacious arrangement becomes inefficacious and disturbing as soon as
• 4:26:58
  Speaker 7: some element is changed the conditions of its origin. The
• 4:27:02
  Speaker 7: disturbance then serves at least the new purpose of announcing
• 4:27:05
  Speaker 7: the change and calling into play against it the means
• 4:27:09
  Speaker 7: of adjustment of the organism. In this connection, I naturally
• 4:27:13
  Speaker 7: bear in mind the case of the anxiety dream, and,
• 4:27:16
  Speaker 7: in order not to have the appearance of trying to
• 4:27:18
  Speaker 7: exclude this testimony against the theory of wish fulfillment wherever
• 4:27:22
  Speaker 7: I encounter it, I will attempt an explanation of the
• 4:27:25
  Speaker 7: anxiety dream, at least offering some suggestions that a psychic
• 4:27:31
  Speaker 7: process developing anxiety may still be a wish fulfillment has
• 4:27:35
  Speaker 7: long ceased to impress us as a contradiction. We may
• 4:27:38
  Speaker 7: explain this occurrence by the fact that the wish belongs
• 4:27:41
  Speaker 7: to one system, the unconscious, while by the other system,
• 4:27:45
  Speaker 7: the fore conscious, this wish has been rejected and suppressed.
• 4:27:50
  Speaker 7: The subjection of the unconscious by the fore conscious is
• 4:27:53
  Speaker 7: not complete even in perfect psychic health. The amount of
• 4:27:57
  Speaker 7: this suppression shows the degree of our psychic normality. Neurotic
• 4:28:02
  Speaker 7: symptoms show that there is a conflict between the two systems.
• 4:28:06
  Speaker 7: The symptoms are the results of a compromise of this conflict,
• 4:28:09
  Speaker 7: and they temporarily put an end to it. On the
• 4:28:12
  Speaker 7: one hand, they afford the unconscious an outlet for the
• 4:28:16
  Speaker 7: discharge of his excitement and serve it as a sally port,
• 4:28:20
  Speaker 7: while on the other hand, they give the foe conscious
• 4:28:23
  Speaker 7: the capability of dominating the unconscious to some extent. It
• 4:28:28
  Speaker 7: is highly instructive to consider, e g. The significance of
• 4:28:32
  Speaker 7: any hysterical phobia or of an agoraphobia. Suppose a neurotic
• 4:28:38
  Speaker 7: incapable of crossing the street alone, which we would justly
• 4:28:41
  Speaker 7: call a symptom. We attempt to remove this symptom by
• 4:28:45
  Speaker 7: urging him to the action which he deems himself incapable of.
• 4:28:49
  Speaker 7: The result will be an attack of anxiety, just as
• 4:28:52
  Speaker 7: an attack of anxiety in the street has often been
• 4:28:55
  Speaker 7: the cause of establishing an agoraphobia. We thus learned that
• 4:28:59
  Speaker 7: the symptom has been constituted in order to guard against
• 4:29:02
  Speaker 7: the outbreak of the anxiety. The phoebea is thrown before
• 4:29:06
  Speaker 7: the anxiety like a fortress on the frontier. Unless we
• 4:29:11
  Speaker 7: enter into the part played by the effects in these processes,
• 4:29:15
  Speaker 7: which can be done here only imperfectly, we cannot continue
• 4:29:18
  Speaker 7: our discussion. Let Us therefore advance the proposition that the
• 4:29:23
  Speaker 7: reason why the suppression of the unconscious becomes absolutely necessary
• 4:29:27
  Speaker 7: is because if the discharge of the presentation should be
• 4:29:31
  Speaker 7: left to itself, it would develop an effect in the
• 4:29:34
  Speaker 7: unconscious which originally bore the character of pleasure, but which,
• 4:29:38
  Speaker 7: since the appearance of the repression, bears the character of pain.
• 4:29:43
  Speaker 7: The aim, as well as the result of the suppression,
• 4:29:46
  Speaker 7: is to stop the development of this pain. The suppression
• 4:29:50
  Speaker 7: extends over the unconscious ideation, because the liberation of pain
• 4:29:54
  Speaker 7: might emanate from the ideation. The foundation is here laid
• 4:29:58
  Speaker 7: for a very definite assumption concerning the nature of the
• 4:30:01
  Speaker 7: effect of development. It is regarded as a motor or
• 4:30:05
  Speaker 7: secondary activity, the key to the innervation of which is
• 4:30:09
  Speaker 7: located in the presentations of the unconscious. Through the domination
• 4:30:14
  Speaker 7: of the fore conscious. These presentations become, as it were,
• 4:30:17
  Speaker 7: throttled and inhibited at the exit of the emotion developing impulses.
• 4:30:22
  Speaker 7: The danger, which is due to the fact that the
• 4:30:25
  Speaker 7: fore conscious ceases to occupy the energy, therefore consists in
• 4:30:29
  Speaker 7: the fact that the unconscious excitations liberate such an effect,
• 4:30:33
  Speaker 7: as in consequence of the repression that has previously taken place,
• 4:30:38
  Speaker 7: can only be perceived as pain or anxiety. This danger
• 4:30:42
  Speaker 7: is released through the full sway of the dream process.
• 4:30:45
  Speaker 7: The determinations for its realization consist in the fact that
• 4:30:49
  Speaker 7: repressions have taken place and that the suppressed emotional wishes
• 4:30:54
  Speaker 7: shall become sufficiently strong. They thus stand entirely without the
• 4:30:58
  Speaker 7: psychological realm of the dreams structure. Were it not for
• 4:31:02
  Speaker 7: the fact that our subject is connected through just one factor,
• 4:31:05
  Speaker 7: namely the freeing of the unconscious during sleep with the
• 4:31:09
  Speaker 7: subject of the development of anxiety, I could dispense with
• 4:31:12
  Speaker 7: discussion of the anxiety dream and thus avoid all obscurities
• 4:31:16
  Speaker 7: connected with it. As I have often repeated, the theory
• 4:31:21
  Speaker 7: of the anxiety belongs to the psychology of the neuroses.
• 4:31:25
  Speaker 7: I would say that the anxiety in the dream is
• 4:31:28
  Speaker 7: an anxiety problem and not a dream problem. We have
• 4:31:31
  Speaker 7: nothing further to do with it. After having once demonstrated
• 4:31:34
  Speaker 7: its point of contact with the subject of the dream process.
• 4:31:39
  Speaker 7: There is only one thing left for me to do.
• 4:31:41
  Speaker 7: As I have asserted that the neurotic anxiety originates from
• 4:31:45
  Speaker 7: sexual sources, I can subject anxiety dreams to analysis in
• 4:31:49
  Speaker 7: order to demonstrate the sexual material in their dream thoughts.
• 4:31:54
  Speaker 7: For good reasons, I refrain from citing here any of
• 4:31:57
  Speaker 7: the numerous examples placed at my disposal by neurotic patients,
• 4:32:01
  Speaker 7: but prefer to give anxiety dreams from young persons. Personally,
• 4:32:07
  Speaker 7: I have had no real anxiety dream for decades, but
• 4:32:10
  Speaker 7: I recall one from my seventh or eighth year, which
• 4:32:13
  Speaker 7: I subjected to interpretation about thirty years later. The dream
• 4:32:17
  Speaker 7: was very vivid and showed me my beloved mother with
• 4:32:20
  Speaker 7: peculiarly calm sleeping countenance, carried into the room and laid
• 4:32:25
  Speaker 7: on the bed by two or three persons with birds beaks.
• 4:32:30
  Speaker 7: I awoke crying and screaming, and disturbed my parents. The
• 4:32:33
  Speaker 7: very tall figures draped in a peculiar manner with beaks
• 4:32:37
  Speaker 7: I had taken from the illustrations of Philipson's Bible. I
• 4:32:41
  Speaker 7: believe they represented deities with heads of sparrowhawks from an
• 4:32:45
  Speaker 7: Egyptian tomb relief. The analysis also introduced the reminiscence of
• 4:32:50
  Speaker 7: a naughty janitor's boy who used to play with us
• 4:32:53
  Speaker 7: children on the meadow in front of the house. I
• 4:32:56
  Speaker 7: would add that his name was Philip. I feel that
• 4:32:59
  Speaker 7: I first heard from this boy the vulgar word signifying
• 4:33:02
  Speaker 7: sexual intercourse, which is replaced among the educated by the
• 4:33:06
  Speaker 7: Latin coitus, but to which the dream distinctively elludes. By
• 4:33:10
  Speaker 7: the selection of the birds heads. I must have suspected
• 4:33:14
  Speaker 7: the sexual significance of the word from the facial expression
• 4:33:17
  Speaker 7: of my worldly wise teacher. My mother's features in the
• 4:33:21
  Speaker 7: dream were copied from the countenance of my grandfather, whom
• 4:33:24
  Speaker 7: I had seen a few days before his death, snoring
• 4:33:27
  Speaker 7: in the state of coma. The interpretation of the secondary
• 4:33:31
  Speaker 7: elaboration in the dream must therefore have been that my
• 4:33:34
  Speaker 7: mother was dying. The tomb relief, too, agrees with this.
• 4:33:39
  Speaker 7: In this anxiety, I awoke and could not calm myself
• 4:33:43
  Speaker 7: until I had awakened my parents. I remember that I
• 4:33:46
  Speaker 7: suddenly became calm on coming face to face with my mother,
• 4:33:50
  Speaker 7: as if I needed the assurance that my mother was
• 4:33:52
  Speaker 7: not dead. But this secondary interpretation of the dream had
• 4:33:56
  Speaker 7: been effected only under the influence of the developed and anxiety.
• 4:34:01
  Speaker 7: I was not frightened because I dreamed that my mother
• 4:34:03
  Speaker 7: was dying, but I interpreted the dream in this manner
• 4:34:07
  Speaker 7: in the fell conscious elaboration, because I was already under
• 4:34:10
  Speaker 7: the domination of the anxiety. The latter, however, could be
• 4:34:14
  Speaker 7: traced by the means of the repression to an obscure,
• 4:34:17
  Speaker 7: obviously sexual desire, which had found its satisfying expression in
• 4:34:21
  Speaker 7: the visual content of the dream. A man twenty seven
• 4:34:26
  Speaker 7: years old who had been severely ill for a year
• 4:34:29
  Speaker 7: had had many terrifying dreams between the ages of eleven
• 4:34:32
  Speaker 7: and thirteen. He thought that a man with an axe
• 4:34:35
  Speaker 7: was running after him. He wished to run, but felt
• 4:34:39
  Speaker 7: paralyzed and could not move from the spot. This may
• 4:34:43
  Speaker 7: be taken as a good example of a very common
• 4:34:45
  Speaker 7: and apparently sexually indifferent anxiety dream. In the analysis, the
• 4:34:50
  Speaker 7: dreamer first thought of a story told him by his uncle,
• 4:34:53
  Speaker 7: which chronologically was later than the dream, thez that he
• 4:34:57
  Speaker 7: was attacked at night by a suspicious looking individual. This
• 4:35:01
  Speaker 7: occurrence led him to believe that he himself might have
• 4:35:04
  Speaker 7: already heard of a similar episode at the time of
• 4:35:07
  Speaker 7: the dream. In connection with the axe, he recalled that
• 4:35:10
  Speaker 7: during that period of his life, he once hurt his
• 4:35:13
  Speaker 7: hand with an axe while chopping wood. This immediately led
• 4:35:17
  Speaker 7: to his relations with his younger brother, whom he used
• 4:35:19
  Speaker 7: to maltreat and knock down. In particular, he recalled an
• 4:35:23
  Speaker 7: occasion when he struck his brother on the head with
• 4:35:26
  Speaker 7: his boot until he bled, whereupon his mother remarked, I
• 4:35:29
  Speaker 7: fear he will kill him some day. While he was
• 4:35:32
  Speaker 7: seemingly thinking of the subject of violence, a reminiscence from
• 4:35:36
  Speaker 7: his ninth year suddenly occurred to him. His parents came
• 4:35:40
  Speaker 7: home late and went to bed. While he was feigning sleep,
• 4:35:43
  Speaker 7: He soon heard panting and other noises that appeared strange
• 4:35:46
  Speaker 7: to him, and he could also make out the position
• 4:35:49
  Speaker 7: of his parents in bed. His further association showed that
• 4:35:53
  Speaker 7: he had established an analogy between this relation between his
• 4:35:57
  Speaker 7: parents and his own relation toward his younger brother. He
• 4:36:01
  Speaker 7: subsumed what occurred between his parents under the conception violence
• 4:36:05
  Speaker 7: and wrestling, and thus reached a sadistic conception of the
• 4:36:08
  Speaker 7: coitus act, as often happens among children. The fact that
• 4:36:12
  Speaker 7: he often noticed blood on his mother's bed corroborated his
• 4:36:15
  Speaker 7: conception that the sexual intercourse of adults appears strange to
• 4:36:20
  Speaker 7: children who observe it, and arouses fear in them, I
• 4:36:23
  Speaker 7: dare say, is a fact of daily experience. I have
• 4:36:27
  Speaker 7: explained this fear by the fact that sexual excitement is
• 4:36:30
  Speaker 7: not mastered by their understanding, and is probably also inacceptable
• 4:36:34
  Speaker 7: to them because their parents are involved in it. For
• 4:36:38
  Speaker 7: the same son, this excitement is converted into fear at
• 4:36:41
  Speaker 7: a still earlier period of life. Sexual emotion directed towards
• 4:36:45
  Speaker 7: the parent of opposite sex does not meet with repression,
• 4:36:48
  Speaker 7: but finds free expression, as we have seen before, for
• 4:36:53
  Speaker 7: the night terrors with hallucinations pavor nocturnus frequently found in children,
• 4:36:58
  Speaker 7: I would unhesitatingly get of the same explanation here too.
• 4:37:02
  Speaker 7: We are certainly dealing with the incomprehensible and rejected sexual feelings, which,
• 4:37:07
  Speaker 7: if noted, would probably show a temporal puriosity. For an
• 4:37:11
  Speaker 7: enhancement of the sexual libido may just as well be
• 4:37:14
  Speaker 7: produced accidentally through emotional impressions as through the spontaneous and
• 4:37:19
  Speaker 7: gradual processes of development. I lacked the necessary material to
• 4:37:24
  Speaker 7: sustain these explanations from observation. On the one hand, the
• 4:37:28
  Speaker 7: pediatrist seemed to lack the point of view, which alone
• 4:37:31
  Speaker 7: makes comprehensible the whole series of phenomena on the somatic
• 4:37:35
  Speaker 7: as well as on the psychic side. To illustrate by
• 4:37:38
  Speaker 7: a comical example, how one wearing the blinders of medical
• 4:37:41
  Speaker 7: mythology may miss the understanding of such cases, I will
• 4:37:46
  Speaker 7: relate a case which I found in a thesis on
• 4:37:48
  Speaker 7: Pavnocturnus by de Bacer eighteen eighty one. A thirteen year
• 4:37:53
  Speaker 7: old boy of delicate health began to become anxious and dreamy.
• 4:37:57
  Speaker 7: His sleep became restless, and about one week it was
• 4:38:00
  Speaker 7: interrupted by an acute attack of anxiety with hallucinations. The
• 4:38:05
  Speaker 7: memory of these dreams was invariably very distinct. Thus he
• 4:38:09
  Speaker 7: related that the devil shouted at him, now we have you,
• 4:38:12
  Speaker 7: Now we have you, and this was followed by an
• 4:38:15
  Speaker 7: odor of sulfur. The fire burned his skin. This dream
• 4:38:19
  Speaker 7: aroused him terror stricken. He was unable to scream at first.
• 4:38:24
  Speaker 7: Then his voice returned and he was heard to stay distinctly, No, no,
• 4:38:27
  Speaker 7: not me, why I have done nothing? Or please don't
• 4:38:32
  Speaker 7: I shall never do it again. Occasionally also, he said,
• 4:38:36
  Speaker 7: Albert has not done that. Later he avoided undressing because,
• 4:38:41
  Speaker 7: as he said, the fire attacked him only when he
• 4:38:43
  Speaker 7: was undressed. From amid these evil dreams which menaced his health,
• 4:38:48
  Speaker 7: he was sent into the country, where he recovered within
• 4:38:51
  Speaker 7: a year and a half. But at the age of fifteen,
• 4:38:54
  Speaker 7: he once confessed journalseil Paulavieu made geppreuvey contigument les pique
• 4:39:01
  Speaker 7: a de surrexascian a partis a la fin selin manerve
• 4:39:05
  Speaker 7: tonquepri geof fois Cheponce, migiete parle feritrie or d'Artois. It
• 4:39:12
  Speaker 7: is certainly not difficult to suspect one that the boy
• 4:39:15
  Speaker 7: had practiced masturbation in former years, that he probably denied
• 4:39:19
  Speaker 7: it and was threatened with severe punishment for his wrongdoing.
• 4:39:23
  Speaker 7: His confession jeune le ferre priau his denial Albert Najamee
• 4:39:29
  Speaker 7: Fey saw two that under the pressure of puberty, the
• 4:39:34
  Speaker 7: temptation to self abuse shows the tickling of the genitals
• 4:39:37
  Speaker 7: was reawakened. Three that now, however, a struggle of repression
• 4:39:42
  Speaker 7: arose in him suppressing the libido and changing it into fear,
• 4:39:46
  Speaker 7: which subsequently took the form of the punishments with which
• 4:39:49
  Speaker 7: he was then threatened. Let us, however, quote the conclusions
• 4:39:53
  Speaker 7: drawn by our author. This observation shows one that the
• 4:39:58
  Speaker 7: influence of puberty may be reduced in a boy of
• 4:40:01
  Speaker 7: delicate health a condition of extreme weakness, and that it
• 4:40:04
  Speaker 7: may lead to a very marked cerebral anemia. Two. This
• 4:40:09
  Speaker 7: cerebral anemia produces a transformation of character demonomaniacal hallucinations and
• 4:40:15
  Speaker 7: very violent nocturnal perhaps also diurnal states of anxiety. Three,
• 4:40:21
  Speaker 7: demonomania and the self reproaches of the day can be
• 4:40:24
  Speaker 7: traced to the influences of religious education which the subject
• 4:40:28
  Speaker 7: underwent as a child. Four. All manifestations disappeared as a
• 4:40:34
  Speaker 7: result of a lengthy sojourn in the country, bodily exercise,
• 4:40:38
  Speaker 7: and the return of physical strength after the termination of
• 4:40:41
  Speaker 7: the period of puberty. Five. A predisposing influence for the
• 4:40:46
  Speaker 7: origin of the cerebral condition of the boy may be
• 4:40:49
  Speaker 7: attributed to heredity and to the father's chronic syphilitic state.
• 4:40:55
  Speaker 7: The concluding remarks of the author read nussavon Fei entrees
• 4:40:59
  Speaker 7: set observaci done carre de de lier Epi, Doni, Nascian
• 4:41:05
  Speaker 7: carse Alaskimi, cerebral, quino, raton Chan, particularly.
• 4:41:13
  Speaker 2: End of Chapter seven, Section eight, the primary and secondary
• 4:41:19
  Speaker 2: process aggression. In venturing to attempt to penetrate more deeply
• 4:41:26
  Speaker 2: into the psychology of the dream processes, I have undertaken
• 4:41:30
  Speaker 2: a difficult task to which, indeed my power of description
• 4:41:33
  Speaker 2: is hardly equal to reproduce and description by succession of words,
• 4:41:39
  Speaker 2: the simultaneousness of so complex a chain of events, and
• 4:41:43
  Speaker 2: in doing so, to appear unbiased throughout the exposition goes
• 4:41:47
  Speaker 2: fairly beyond my powers. I have now to atone for
• 4:41:52
  Speaker 2: the fact that I have been unable in my description
• 4:41:55
  Speaker 2: of the dream psychology to follow the historic development of
• 4:41:58
  Speaker 2: my views. The viewpoints for my conception of the dream
• 4:42:03
  Speaker 2: were reached through earlier investigations in the psychology of the neuroses,
• 4:42:08
  Speaker 2: to which I'm not supposed to refer here, but to
• 4:42:10
  Speaker 2: which I am repeatedly forced to refer. Whereas I should
• 4:42:18
  Speaker 2: prefer to proceed in the opposite direction, and starting from
• 4:42:22
  Speaker 2: the dream to establish a connection with the psychology of
• 4:42:25
  Speaker 2: the neuroses, I am well aware of all the inconveniences
• 4:42:30
  Speaker 2: arising for the reader from this difficulty, but I know
• 4:42:34
  Speaker 2: of no way to avoid them. As I am dissatisfied
• 4:42:39
  Speaker 2: with the state of affairs, I am glad to dwell
• 4:42:42
  Speaker 2: upon another viewpoint which seems to raise the value of
• 4:42:44
  Speaker 2: my efforts. As have been shown in the In deduction
• 4:42:48
  Speaker 2: to the first chapter, I found myself confronted with a
• 4:42:52
  Speaker 2: theme which had been marked by the sharpest contradictions on
• 4:42:55
  Speaker 2: the part of authorities. After our laboration of the dream problems,
• 4:43:01
  Speaker 2: we found room for most of these contradictions. We have
• 4:43:05
  Speaker 2: been forced, however, to take a decided exception to two
• 4:43:08
  Speaker 2: of the views pronounced. That is that the dream is
• 4:43:12
  Speaker 2: a senseless and that it is a somatic process. Apart
• 4:43:18
  Speaker 2: from these cases, we have had to accept all the
• 4:43:21
  Speaker 2: contradictory views in one place or another of the complicated argument,
• 4:43:26
  Speaker 2: and we have been able to demonstrate that they had
• 4:43:28
  Speaker 2: discovered something that was correct. That the dream continues the
• 4:43:33
  Speaker 2: impulses and interests of the waking state has been quite
• 4:43:36
  Speaker 2: generally confirmed through the discovery of the latent thoughts of
• 4:43:39
  Speaker 2: the dream. These thoughts concern themselves only with things that
• 4:43:44
  Speaker 2: seem important and of momentous interest to us. The dream
• 4:43:49
  Speaker 2: never occupies itself with trifles. But we have also concurred
• 4:43:55
  Speaker 2: with the contrary view, that is that the dream gathers
• 4:43:58
  Speaker 2: up the indifferent remnants of the day, and that not
• 4:44:02
  Speaker 2: until it has, in some measure withdrawn itself from the
• 4:44:04
  Speaker 2: waking activity can an important event of the day be
• 4:44:07
  Speaker 2: taken up by the dream. We found this holding true
• 4:44:11
  Speaker 2: for the dream content, which gives a dream thought its
• 4:44:14
  Speaker 2: changed expression by means of disfigurement. We have said that
• 4:44:19
  Speaker 2: from the nature of the association mechanism of the dream
• 4:44:22
  Speaker 2: process more easily takes possession of recent or indifferent material
• 4:44:27
  Speaker 2: which has not yet been seized by the waking mental activity,
• 4:44:32
  Speaker 2: and by reason of the sensor it transfers to psychic
• 4:44:35
  Speaker 2: intensity from the important but also disagreeable to the indifferent material.
• 4:44:42
  Speaker 2: The hyperdmesia of the dream and the resort to infantile
• 4:44:46
  Speaker 2: material have become main supports in our theory. In our
• 4:44:51
  Speaker 2: theory of the dream, we have attributed to the wish
• 4:44:54
  Speaker 2: originating from the infantile the part of an indispensable motor
• 4:44:58
  Speaker 2: for the formation of the dream. We naturally could not
• 4:45:03
  Speaker 2: think of doubting the experimentally demonstrated significance of the objective
• 4:45:07
  Speaker 2: sensory stimuli during sleep, but we have brought this material
• 4:45:11
  Speaker 2: into the same relation to the dream wish as the
• 4:45:13
  Speaker 2: thought remnants from the waking activity. There was no need
• 4:45:19
  Speaker 2: of disputing the fact that the dream interprets objective sensory
• 4:45:22
  Speaker 2: stimuli after the manner of an illusion, but we have
• 4:45:26
  Speaker 2: supplied the motive for this interpretation, which has been left
• 4:45:29
  Speaker 2: undecided by the authorities. The interpretation follows in such a
• 4:45:35
  Speaker 2: manner that the perceived object has rented harmless as a
• 4:45:38
  Speaker 2: sleep disturber and becomes available for the wish fulfillment. Though
• 4:45:43
  Speaker 2: we do not admit as special sources of the dream
• 4:45:46
  Speaker 2: the subjective state of excitement of the sensory organs during sleep,
• 4:45:50
  Speaker 2: which seems to have been demonstrated by trumble Lad, we
• 4:45:54
  Speaker 2: are nevertheless able to explain this excitement through the regressive
• 4:45:57
  Speaker 2: revival of active memories behind the dream. A modest part
• 4:46:02
  Speaker 2: in our conception has also been assigned to the inner
• 4:46:05
  Speaker 2: organic sensations, which are wont to be taken as the
• 4:46:08
  Speaker 2: cardinal point in the explanation of the dream. These, the
• 4:46:13
  Speaker 2: sensation of falling, flying, or inhibition, stand as an ever
• 4:46:17
  Speaker 2: ready material to be used by the dream work to
• 4:46:19
  Speaker 2: express the dream thought. As often as need arises. That
• 4:46:25
  Speaker 2: the dream process is a rapid and momentary one seems
• 4:46:28
  Speaker 2: to be true for the perception through consciousness of the
• 4:46:31
  Speaker 2: already prepared dream content. The preceding parts of the dream
• 4:46:36
  Speaker 2: process probably take a slow fluctuating course. We have solved
• 4:46:41
  Speaker 2: the rival of the superbundon dream content compressed within the
• 4:46:44
  Speaker 2: briefest moment by explaining that is due to the appropriation
• 4:46:47
  Speaker 2: of almost fully formed structures from the psychic life, that
• 4:46:51
  Speaker 2: the dream is disfigured and distorted by memory. We found
• 4:46:54
  Speaker 2: to be correct, but not troublesome, as this is only
• 4:46:58
  Speaker 2: the last manifest operation in work of disfigurement, which has
• 4:47:01
  Speaker 2: been active from the beginning of the dream work. In
• 4:47:06
  Speaker 2: the bitter and seemingly irreconcilable controversy as to whether the
• 4:47:11
  Speaker 2: psychic life sleeps at night or can make the same
• 4:47:14
  Speaker 2: use of all its capabilities as during the day, we
• 4:47:17
  Speaker 2: have been able to agree with both sides, though not
• 4:47:19
  Speaker 2: fully with either. We have found proof that the dream
• 4:47:23
  Speaker 2: thoughts represent a most complicated intellectual activity, employing almost every
• 4:47:28
  Speaker 2: means furnished by the psychic apparatus. Still, it cannot be
• 4:47:32
  Speaker 2: denied that the dream thoughts originated during the day, and
• 4:47:36
  Speaker 2: it is indispensable to assume that there is a sleeping
• 4:47:39
  Speaker 2: state of the psychic life. Thus even the theory of
• 4:47:43
  Speaker 2: partial sleep has come into play. But the characteristics of
• 4:47:46
  Speaker 2: the sleeping state have been found not in the dilapidation
• 4:47:50
  Speaker 2: of the psychic connections, but in the cessation of the
• 4:47:53
  Speaker 2: psychic system dominating to day, arising from its desire to sleep.
• 4:47:59
  Speaker 2: The withdrawal from the outer world retains its significance also
• 4:48:02
  Speaker 2: for our conception, though not the only factor, and nevertheless
• 4:48:07
  Speaker 2: helps the regression to make possible the representation of the
• 4:48:09
  Speaker 2: dream that we should reject the voluntary guidance of the
• 4:48:13
  Speaker 2: presentation course is uncontestable. But the psychic life does not
• 4:48:17
  Speaker 2: thereby become aimless. For we have seen that after the
• 4:48:21
  Speaker 2: abandonment of the desired and presentation, undesired ones gained mastery.
• 4:48:27
  Speaker 2: The loose associative connection in the dream we have not
• 4:48:29
  Speaker 2: only recognized, but we have placed under its control of
• 4:48:32
  Speaker 2: far greater territory that could have been supposed. We have, however,
• 4:48:37
  Speaker 2: found it merely the feign substitute for another correct and
• 4:48:40
  Speaker 2: senseful one. To be sure, we too have called the
• 4:48:44
  Speaker 2: dream absurd, but we have been able to learn from
• 4:48:47
  Speaker 2: examples how wise the dream really is when it simulates absurdity.
• 4:48:53
  Speaker 2: We do not deny any of the functions that have
• 4:48:55
  Speaker 2: been attributed to the dream, that the dream relieves the
• 4:48:58
  Speaker 2: mind like a valve, and that, according to Robert's assertion,
• 4:49:01
  Speaker 2: all kinds of harmful material are rendered harmless through representation
• 4:49:05
  Speaker 2: in the dream. Not only exactly corresponds with our theory
• 4:49:08
  Speaker 2: of the two fold with fulfillment in the dream, but
• 4:49:12
  Speaker 2: in his own wording becomes even more comprehensible for us
• 4:49:15
  Speaker 2: than for Robert himself. The free indulgence of the psychic
• 4:49:19
  Speaker 2: in the play of its faculties finds expression with us
• 4:49:22
  Speaker 2: in the non interference with the dream on the part
• 4:49:24
  Speaker 2: of the fore conscious activity. The quote returned to the
• 4:49:28
  Speaker 2: umbrinal state of the psychic life in the dream endote
• 4:49:31
  Speaker 2: and the observation of Halock ellis quote an archaic world
• 4:49:35
  Speaker 2: of vast emotions and imperfect thoughts end quote appear to
• 4:49:39
  Speaker 2: us as happy anticipations of our deductions, to the effect
• 4:49:43
  Speaker 2: that primitive modes of work suppressed during the day participate
• 4:49:46
  Speaker 2: in the formation of the dream, and with us, as
• 4:49:50
  Speaker 2: with the lodge, the suppressed material becomes the mainspring of
• 4:49:54
  Speaker 2: the dreaming. We have fully recognized the role which Scherner
• 4:49:58
  Speaker 2: ascribes to the dream fantasy and even its interpretation, but
• 4:50:02
  Speaker 2: we have been obliged, so to speak, to conduct them
• 4:50:04
  Speaker 2: to another department. In the problem. It is not the
• 4:50:07
  Speaker 2: dream that produces the fantasy, but the unconscious fantasy that
• 4:50:11
  Speaker 2: takes a greater part in the formation of dream thoughts.
• 4:50:14
  Speaker 2: We are indebted as Nearer for his clue to the
• 4:50:17
  Speaker 2: source of the dream thoughts. But almost everything that he
• 4:50:19
  Speaker 2: ascribes to the dream work is attributable to the activity
• 4:50:22
  Speaker 2: of the unconscious, which is at work during the day,
• 4:50:25
  Speaker 2: and which supplies incitements not only for dreams, but for
• 4:50:29
  Speaker 2: neurotic symptoms as well. We have had to separate the
• 4:50:33
  Speaker 2: dream work from this activity, as being something entirely different
• 4:50:36
  Speaker 2: and far more restricted. Finally, we have by no means
• 4:50:41
  Speaker 2: abandoned the relation of the dream to mental disturbances. But
• 4:50:44
  Speaker 2: on the contrary, we have given it a more solid
• 4:50:47
  Speaker 2: foundation on new ground. Thus held together by the new
• 4:50:53
  Speaker 2: material of our theory, as by a superior unity, we
• 4:50:56
  Speaker 2: find the most varied and most contradictory conclusions of the
• 4:50:59
  Speaker 2: authority is fitting into our structure. Some of them are
• 4:51:03
  Speaker 2: differently disposed, only a few of them are entirely rejected.
• 4:51:09
  Speaker 2: But our own structure is still unfinished. Or Disregarding the
• 4:51:14
  Speaker 2: many obscurities which we have necessarily encountered in our advance
• 4:51:17
  Speaker 2: into the darkness of psychology, we are now apparently embarrassed
• 4:51:21
  Speaker 2: by a new contradiction. On the one hand, we have
• 4:51:25
  Speaker 2: allowed the dream thoughts to proceed from perfectly normal mental operations,
• 4:51:29
  Speaker 2: while on the other hand, we have found among the
• 4:51:32
  Speaker 2: dream thoughts a number of entirely abnormal mental processes which
• 4:51:35
  Speaker 2: extend likewise to the dream contents. These, consequently, we have
• 4:51:41
  Speaker 2: repeated in the interpretation of the dream all that we
• 4:51:45
  Speaker 2: have termed the dream work seems so remote from the
• 4:51:48
  Speaker 2: psychic processes recognized by us as correct, that the severest
• 4:51:52
  Speaker 2: judgment of the authors as to the low psychic activity
• 4:51:55
  Speaker 2: of dreaming seems to us well founded. Perhaps only through
• 4:52:03
  Speaker 2: still further advance can enlightenment and improvement be brought about.
• 4:52:08
  Speaker 2: I shall pick out one of the constellations leading to
• 4:52:11
  Speaker 2: the formation of dreams. We have learned that the dream
• 4:52:17
  Speaker 2: replaces a number of thoughts derived from daily life, which
• 4:52:19
  Speaker 2: are perfectly formed. Logically, we cannot therefore doubt that these
• 4:52:23
  Speaker 2: thoughts originate from our normal mental life. All the qualities
• 4:52:27
  Speaker 2: which we esteem in our mental operations, and which distinguish
• 4:52:31
  Speaker 2: these as complicated activities of a high order, we find
• 4:52:34
  Speaker 2: repeated in the dream thoughts. There is, however, no need
• 4:52:39
  Speaker 2: of assuming that this mental work is performed during sleep,
• 4:52:42
  Speaker 2: as this would materially impair the conception of the psychic
• 4:52:44
  Speaker 2: state of sleep we have hither ato are adhered to.
• 4:52:48
  Speaker 2: These thoughts may just as well have originated from the
• 4:52:51
  Speaker 2: day and unnoticed by our consciousness. From their inception, they
• 4:52:56
  Speaker 2: may have continued to develop until they stood complete at
• 4:52:59
  Speaker 2: the end set of sleep. If we are to conclude
• 4:53:03
  Speaker 2: anything from the state of affairs, it will at most
• 4:53:07
  Speaker 2: prove that the most complex mental operations are possible without
• 4:53:11
  Speaker 2: the cooperation of consciousness, which we have already learned independently
• 4:53:16
  Speaker 2: from every psychoanalysis of person suffering from hysteria or obsessions.
• 4:53:22
  Speaker 2: These stream thoughts are in themselves surely not incapable of
• 4:53:25
  Speaker 2: consciousness if they have not become conscious to us during
• 4:53:29
  Speaker 2: the day. This may have various reasons. The state of
• 4:53:32
  Speaker 2: becoming conscious depends on the exercise of a certain psychic function,
• 4:53:36
  Speaker 2: that is, attention which seems to be extended only in
• 4:53:40
  Speaker 2: a definite quantity, and which may have been withdrawn from
• 4:53:43
  Speaker 2: the stream of thought and question by other aims. Another
• 4:53:49
  Speaker 2: way in which such mental streams are kept from consciousness
• 4:53:52
  Speaker 2: is the following. Our conscious reflection teaches us that, when
• 4:53:57
  Speaker 2: exercising attention, we press to a definite course. But if
• 4:54:03
  Speaker 2: that course leads us to an idea which does not
• 4:54:05
  Speaker 2: hold its own with the critic, we discontinue and cease
• 4:54:09
  Speaker 2: to apply our attention. Now, apparently, the stream of thought,
• 4:54:14
  Speaker 2: thus started and abandoned, may spin on without regaining attention
• 4:54:18
  Speaker 2: unless it reaches a spot of a specially marked intensity
• 4:54:22
  Speaker 2: which forces the return of attention. An initial rejection, perhaps
• 4:54:28
  Speaker 2: consciously bought about by the judgment on the ground of
• 4:54:30
  Speaker 2: incorrectness or unfitness for actual purpose of the mental act,
• 4:54:34
  Speaker 2: may therefore account for the fact that a mental process
• 4:54:37
  Speaker 2: continues until the onset of sleep, unnoticed by consciousness. Let
• 4:54:45
  Speaker 2: us recapitulate by saying that we call such a stream
• 4:54:48
  Speaker 2: of thought a foe conscious one, that we believe it
• 4:54:52
  Speaker 2: to be perfectly correct, and then it may just as
• 4:54:55
  Speaker 2: well be a more neglected one, or an interrupted and
• 4:54:57
  Speaker 2: suppressed one. Let us also state frankly, in what manner
• 4:55:02
  Speaker 2: we conceive this presentation course, We believe that a certain
• 4:55:07
  Speaker 2: sum of excitement, which we call occupation energy, is displaced
• 4:55:11
  Speaker 2: from an end presentation along the association paths selected by
• 4:55:14
  Speaker 2: that end presentation. A quote neglected end quote stream of
• 4:55:19
  Speaker 2: thought has received no such occupation, and from a quote
• 4:55:23
  Speaker 2: suppressed or quote rejected one this occupation has been withdrawn.
• 4:55:29
  Speaker 2: Both have thus been left to their own emotions. The
• 4:55:33
  Speaker 2: end stream of thoughts, stocked with energy, is under certain conditions,
• 4:55:37
  Speaker 2: able to draw to itself the attention of consciousness, through
• 4:55:41
  Speaker 2: which means it then receives a quote surplus of energy
• 4:55:44
  Speaker 2: end quote. We shall be obliged somewhat later to elucidate
• 4:55:48
  Speaker 2: our assumption concerning the nature and activity of consciousness. A
• 4:55:54
  Speaker 2: train of thought thus incited in the four conscious may
• 4:55:56
  Speaker 2: either disappear spontaneously or continue the former issue. We conceive
• 4:56:01
  Speaker 2: as follows. It diffuses its energy through all the association
• 4:56:05
  Speaker 2: paths emanating from it, and throws the entire chain of
• 4:56:08
  Speaker 2: ideas into a state of excitement, which, after lasting for
• 4:56:12
  Speaker 2: a while, subsides through transformation of the excitement, requiring an
• 4:56:15
  Speaker 2: outlet into dormant energy footnote c f the significant observations
• 4:56:23
  Speaker 2: by J. Boyer in Our Studies on Hysteria eighteen ninety
• 4:56:26
  Speaker 2: five and second edition, nineteen oh nine. End footnote. If
• 4:56:32
  Speaker 2: this first issue is brought about, the process has no
• 4:56:36
  Speaker 2: further significance for the dream formation. But other endpresentations are
• 4:56:41
  Speaker 2: lurking and are fore conscious, that originate from the sources
• 4:56:44
  Speaker 2: of our unconscious and from the ever active wishes. These
• 4:56:49
  Speaker 2: may take possession of the excitations in the circle of thought,
• 4:56:52
  Speaker 2: thus left to itself, establish a connection between it and
• 4:56:55
  Speaker 2: the unconscious wish, and transferred to with the energy inherent
• 4:56:59
  Speaker 2: in the uncom conscious wish. Henceforth, the neglected or surprised
• 4:57:03
  Speaker 2: train of thought is in a position to maintain itself,
• 4:57:07
  Speaker 2: although this reinforcement does not help it to gain access
• 4:57:09
  Speaker 2: to consciousness. We may say that hitherto four conscious train
• 4:57:15
  Speaker 2: of thought has been drawn into the unconscious. Other consolation
• 4:57:21
  Speaker 2: for the dream formation would the result in the four
• 4:57:23
  Speaker 2: conscious train of thought had from the beginning been connected
• 4:57:26
  Speaker 2: with the unconscious wish and for that reason met with
• 4:57:29
  Speaker 2: rejection by the dominating end occupation. Or if an unconscious
• 4:57:33
  Speaker 2: wish were made active for other possibly somatic reasons, and
• 4:57:39
  Speaker 2: of its own accord sought a transference to the psychic
• 4:57:41
  Speaker 2: remnants not occupied by the fore conscious. All three cases
• 4:57:44
  Speaker 2: finally combine in one issue, so that there is established
• 4:57:48
  Speaker 2: in the fore conscious a stream of thought which, having
• 4:57:51
  Speaker 2: been abandoned by the fore conscious occupation, receives occupation from
• 4:57:54
  Speaker 2: the unconscious wish. The thought is henceforth subjected to a
• 4:58:02
  Speaker 2: series of transformations which we no longer recognize as normal
• 4:58:05
  Speaker 2: psychic processes, and which gives us a surprising result, that is,
• 4:58:10
  Speaker 2: a psychopathological formation. Let us emphasize and group the same one.
• 4:58:20
  Speaker 2: The intensities of the individual ideas become capable of discharge
• 4:58:24
  Speaker 2: in their entirety, and proceeding from one conception to the other,
• 4:58:28
  Speaker 2: they thus form single presentations endowed with marked intensity. Through
• 4:58:33
  Speaker 2: the repeated recurrence of this process, the intensity of an
• 4:58:36
  Speaker 2: entire train of ideas may ultimately be gathered into a
• 4:58:38
  Speaker 2: single presentation element. This is the principle of compression or condensation.
• 4:58:47
  Speaker 2: It is condensation that is mainly responsible for the strange
• 4:58:50
  Speaker 2: impression of the dream, for we know nothing analogous to
• 4:58:53
  Speaker 2: it in the normal psychic life accessible to consciousness. We
• 4:58:58
  Speaker 2: find here also which possess great psychic significance as junctions
• 4:59:03
  Speaker 2: or as end results of whole chains of thought. But
• 4:59:07
  Speaker 2: this validity does not manifest itself in any character conspicuous
• 4:59:11
  Speaker 2: enough for the interim perception. Hence, what has been presented
• 4:59:14
  Speaker 2: in it does not become in any way more intensive.
• 4:59:19
  Speaker 2: In the process of condensation, the entire psychic connection becomes
• 4:59:23
  Speaker 2: transformed into the intensity of the presentation content. It is
• 4:59:28
  Speaker 2: the same as in a book, where we space or
• 4:59:30
  Speaker 2: print in heavy type any word upon which particular stress
• 4:59:34
  Speaker 2: is laid for the understanding of the text. In speech,
• 4:59:38
  Speaker 2: the same word would be pronounced loudly and deliberately and
• 4:59:41
  Speaker 2: with emphasis. The first comparison leads us at once to
• 4:59:45
  Speaker 2: an example taken from the chapter on the dream work
• 4:59:47
  Speaker 2: Prenhes trimeth Lamming and the Dream of Hermi's Injection and Prenzes.
• 4:59:54
  Speaker 2: Historians of art call our attention to the fact that
• 4:59:56
  Speaker 2: the most ancient historical sculptures follow a simple principle and
• 5:00:00
  Speaker 2: expressing in the rank of the persons represented by the
• 5:00:02
  Speaker 2: size of the statue, the king is made two or
• 5:00:06
  Speaker 2: three times as large as his retinue or the vanquished enemy.
• 5:00:11
  Speaker 2: A piece of art, however, from the Roman period, makes
• 5:00:14
  Speaker 2: you some more subtle means to accomplish the same purpose.
• 5:00:18
  Speaker 2: The figure of the Emperor is placed in the center
• 5:00:21
  Speaker 2: in a firmly erect posture. Special care is bestowed upon
• 5:00:24
  Speaker 2: the prompt modeling of his figures. His enemies are seen
• 5:00:28
  Speaker 2: cowering at his feet, but he is no longer represented
• 5:00:32
  Speaker 2: a giant among dwarfs. However, the bowing of the subordinate
• 5:00:37
  Speaker 2: to a superior in our days is only an echo
• 5:00:39
  Speaker 2: of that ancient principle of representation. The direction taken by
• 5:00:46
  Speaker 2: the condensations of the dream is prescribed on the one
• 5:00:48
  Speaker 2: hand by the true four conscious relations of the dream thoughts,
• 5:00:52
  Speaker 2: on the other hand, by the attraction of the visual
• 5:00:54
  Speaker 2: reminiscence of the unconscious. The success of the condensation work
• 5:00:59
  Speaker 2: produces those intensities which are required for penetration into the
• 5:01:02
  Speaker 2: perception systems two. Through this free transferability of the intensities. Moreover,
• 5:01:10
  Speaker 2: and in the service of condensation, intermediary presentations compromises, as
• 5:01:15
  Speaker 2: it were, are formed prends cee f. The numerous examples
• 5:01:20
  Speaker 2: and preans period This, likewise, is something unheard of in
• 5:01:24
  Speaker 2: the normal presentation course, where it is above all a
• 5:01:28
  Speaker 2: question of selection and retention of the proper presentation element.
• 5:01:32
  Speaker 2: On the other hand, composite and compromised formations occur with
• 5:01:36
  Speaker 2: extraordinary frequency when we are trying to find the linguistic
• 5:01:40
  Speaker 2: expression for the four conscious thoughts. These are considered quote
• 5:01:44
  Speaker 2: slips of the tongue end quote three. The presentations which
• 5:01:50
  Speaker 2: transfer their intensities to one another are very loosely connected,
• 5:01:53
  Speaker 2: and are joined together by such forms of association as
• 5:01:56
  Speaker 2: are spurned in our serious thought and are utilized in
• 5:01:59
  Speaker 2: the production of the ae wit. Only. Among these we
• 5:02:02
  Speaker 2: particularly find associations of the sound and consonance types. Four
• 5:02:10
  Speaker 2: Contradictory thoughts do not strive to eliminate one another, but
• 5:02:13
  Speaker 2: remain side by side. They often unite to produce condensation
• 5:02:17
  Speaker 2: as if no contradiction existed, or they form compromises for
• 5:02:22
  Speaker 2: which we should never forgive our thoughts, but which we
• 5:02:24
  Speaker 2: frequently approve of in our actions. These are some of
• 5:02:29
  Speaker 2: the most conspicuous abnormal processes to which the thoughts which
• 5:02:32
  Speaker 2: have been previously rationally formed are subjected in the course
• 5:02:35
  Speaker 2: of the dream work. As the main feature of these processes,
• 5:02:39
  Speaker 2: we recognize the high importance attached to the fact of
• 5:02:42
  Speaker 2: rendering the occupation energy mobile and capable of discharge. The
• 5:02:47
  Speaker 2: content and the actual significance of the psychic elements to
• 5:02:50
  Speaker 2: which these energies adhere becomes a matter of secondary importance.
• 5:02:56
  Speaker 2: One might possibly think that the condensation and compromise formations
• 5:02:59
  Speaker 2: affected only in the service of regression when occasion arises
• 5:03:03
  Speaker 2: for changing thoughts in the pictures, but the analysis and
• 5:03:08
  Speaker 2: still more distinctly, the synthesis of dreams which lack regression
• 5:03:11
  Speaker 2: towards pictures. For example, the dream quote, autodidascar, conversation with
• 5:03:18
  Speaker 2: the court counselor n end quote presents the same processes
• 5:03:22
  Speaker 2: of displacement and condensation as the others. Hence, we cannot
• 5:03:27
  Speaker 2: refuse to acknowledge that the two kinds of essentially different
• 5:03:30
  Speaker 2: psychic processes participate in the formation of the dream. One
• 5:03:35
  Speaker 2: forms perfectly correct dream thoughts, which are equivalent to normal thoughts,
• 5:03:39
  Speaker 2: while the other treats these ideas in a highly surprising
• 5:03:42
  Speaker 2: and incorrect manner. The latter process we have already set
• 5:03:45
  Speaker 2: apart as the dreamwork proper. What have we now to
• 5:03:49
  Speaker 2: advance conturning this latter psychic process? We should be unable
• 5:03:56
  Speaker 2: to answer this question here if we had not penetrated
• 5:03:58
  Speaker 2: considerably to the psychology of the neurosis, and especially of hysteria.
• 5:04:04
  Speaker 2: From this we learned that the same incorrect psychic process,
• 5:04:07
  Speaker 2: as well as others that have not been enumerated, control
• 5:04:10
  Speaker 2: the formation of hysterical symptoms. In hysteria too, we at
• 5:04:14
  Speaker 2: once find a series of perfectly correct thoughts equivalent to
• 5:04:17
  Speaker 2: our conscious thoughts, of whose existence, However, in this form
• 5:04:20
  Speaker 2: we can learn nothing in which we can only subsequently
• 5:04:23
  Speaker 2: reconstruct if they have forced their way anywhere to our perception.
• 5:04:29
  Speaker 2: We discover from the analysis of the symptom formed that
• 5:04:32
  Speaker 2: these normal thoughts have been subjected to abnormal treatment and
• 5:04:35
  Speaker 2: have been transformed into the symptom by means of condensation
• 5:04:39
  Speaker 2: and compromised formation, through superficial associations, under cover of contradictions,
• 5:04:45
  Speaker 2: and eventually over the road of regression. In view of
• 5:04:51
  Speaker 2: the complete identity found between the peculiarities of the dream
• 5:04:54
  Speaker 2: work and the psychic activity forming the psycho neurotic symptoms,
• 5:04:58
  Speaker 2: we shall feel justified in trains spring to the dream
• 5:05:00
  Speaker 2: the conclusions urged upon us by hysteria. From the theory
• 5:05:05
  Speaker 2: of hysteria, we borrow the proposition that such an abnormal
• 5:05:09
  Speaker 2: psychic elaboration of a normal train of thought takes place
• 5:05:12
  Speaker 2: only when the latter has been used for the transference
• 5:05:14
  Speaker 2: of an unconscious wish which dates from the infantile life
• 5:05:18
  Speaker 2: and is in a state of repression. In accordance with
• 5:05:24
  Speaker 2: this proposition, we have constructed the theory of the dream
• 5:05:27
  Speaker 2: on the assumption that the actual dream wish invariably originates
• 5:05:31
  Speaker 2: in the unconscious, which, as we ourselves have admitted, cannot
• 5:05:34
  Speaker 2: be universally demonstrated, though it cannot be refuted. But in
• 5:05:39
  Speaker 2: order to explain the real meaning of the term repression,
• 5:05:42
  Speaker 2: which we employed so freely, we shall be obliged to
• 5:05:45
  Speaker 2: make some further addition to our psychological construction. We have
• 5:05:50
  Speaker 2: above elaborated the fiction of a primitive psychic apparatus, whose
• 5:05:54
  Speaker 2: work is regulated by the efforts to avoid accumulation of excitement,
• 5:05:58
  Speaker 2: and as far as possible, to maintain its olf free
• 5:06:00
  Speaker 2: from excitement. For this reason, it was constructed after the
• 5:06:04
  Speaker 2: plan of a reflex apparatus. The motility, originally the path
• 5:06:08
  Speaker 2: for the inner bodily change, formed a discharging path, statting
• 5:06:12
  Speaker 2: at its disposal. We subsequently discussed the psychic results of
• 5:06:17
  Speaker 2: a feeling of gratification, and we might at the same
• 5:06:21
  Speaker 2: time have introduced the second assumption, that is that accumulation
• 5:06:25
  Speaker 2: of excitement following certain modalities that do not concern us,
• 5:06:30
  Speaker 2: is perceived as pain and sets the apparatus in motion
• 5:06:33
  Speaker 2: in order to reproduce a feeling of gratification, in which
• 5:06:36
  Speaker 2: the diminution of the excitement is perceived as pleasure. Such
• 5:06:40
  Speaker 2: a current in the apparatus, which emanates from pain and
• 5:06:43
  Speaker 2: strives for pleasure, we call a wish. We have said
• 5:06:46
  Speaker 2: that nothing but a wish is capable of setting the
• 5:06:49
  Speaker 2: apparatus in motion, and that the discharge of excitement and
• 5:06:52
  Speaker 2: the apparatus is regulated automatically by the perception of pleasure
• 5:06:55
  Speaker 2: and pain. The first wish must have been a hallucinatory
• 5:07:00
  Speaker 2: occupation of the memory for gratification. But this illucination, unless
• 5:07:04
  Speaker 2: it were maintained to the point of exhaustion, proved incapable
• 5:07:07
  Speaker 2: of bringing about a cessation of the desire and consequently
• 5:07:11
  Speaker 2: of securing the pleasure connected with gratification. Thus there was
• 5:07:18
  Speaker 2: required a second activity in our terminology, the activity of
• 5:07:21
  Speaker 2: a second system which should not permit the memory occupation
• 5:07:25
  Speaker 2: to advance to perception and therefrom to restrict a psychic forces,
• 5:07:29
  Speaker 2: but should lead the excitement emanating from the craving stimulus
• 5:07:32
  Speaker 2: by a devious path over the spontaneous motility, which ultimately
• 5:07:36
  Speaker 2: should so change the outer world as to allow the
• 5:07:39
  Speaker 2: per real perception of the object of gratification to take place.
• 5:07:45
  Speaker 2: Thus far we have elaborated the plan of the psychic apparatus.
• 5:07:49
  Speaker 2: These two systems are the germ of the UNK for
• 5:07:53
  Speaker 2: unconscious and FOREK for fore conscious, which we include in
• 5:07:57
  Speaker 2: the fully developed apparatus. In order to be in a
• 5:08:02
  Speaker 2: position successfully to change the outer world through the motility,
• 5:08:07
  Speaker 2: there is required the accumulation of a large sum of
• 5:08:09
  Speaker 2: experiences in the memory systems, as well as a manifold
• 5:08:13
  Speaker 2: fixation of the relations which are evolved in this memory
• 5:08:15
  Speaker 2: material by different and presentations. We now proceed further with
• 5:08:21
  Speaker 2: our assumption. The manifold activity of the second system, tentatively
• 5:08:26
  Speaker 2: sending forth and retracting energy, must, on the one hand,
• 5:08:30
  Speaker 2: have full command over all memory material, but on the
• 5:08:34
  Speaker 2: other hand, it would be a superfluous expenditure for it
• 5:08:37
  Speaker 2: to send through the individual mental paths large quantities of energy,
• 5:08:41
  Speaker 2: which would thus flow off to no purpose, diminishing the
• 5:08:44
  Speaker 2: quantity available for the transformation of the outer world. In
• 5:08:48
  Speaker 2: the interests of expediency. I therefore postulate that the second
• 5:08:52
  Speaker 2: system succeeds in maintaining the greater part of the occupation
• 5:08:55
  Speaker 2: energy in a dormant state, and in using but a
• 5:08:58
  Speaker 2: small portion for the purposes of this placement. The mechanism
• 5:09:02
  Speaker 2: of these processes is entirely unknown to me. Anyone who
• 5:09:06
  Speaker 2: wishes to follow up these ideas must try to find
• 5:09:08
  Speaker 2: the physical analogies and prepare the way for a demonstration
• 5:09:11
  Speaker 2: of the process of motion in the stimulation of the neuron.
• 5:09:17
  Speaker 2: I merely hold to the idea that the activity of
• 5:09:20
  Speaker 2: the first size system is directed to the free outflow
• 5:09:23
  Speaker 2: of the quantities of excitement, and that the second system
• 5:09:27
  Speaker 2: brings about an inhibition of this outflow through the energies
• 5:09:30
  Speaker 2: emanating from it. That is, it produces a transformation into
• 5:09:35
  Speaker 2: dormant energy, probably by raising the level. I therefore assume
• 5:09:41
  Speaker 2: that under the control of the second system, as compared
• 5:09:45
  Speaker 2: with the first, the course of the excitement is bound
• 5:09:48
  Speaker 2: to entirely different mechanical conditions. After the second system has
• 5:09:53
  Speaker 2: finished its tentative mental work, it removes the inhibition and
• 5:09:57
  Speaker 2: congestion of the excitements and allows these excitements to flow
• 5:10:01
  Speaker 2: off to the motility. An interesting chain of thought now
• 5:10:05
  Speaker 2: presents itself if we consider the relations of this inhibition
• 5:10:08
  Speaker 2: of discharge by the second system to the regulation through
• 5:10:11
  Speaker 2: the principle of pain. Let us now seek the counterpart
• 5:10:15
  Speaker 2: of the primary feeling of gratification, namely the objective feeling
• 5:10:19
  Speaker 2: of fear. A perceptive stimulus acts on the primitive apparatus,
• 5:10:25
  Speaker 2: becoming the source of a painful emotion. This will then
• 5:10:29
  Speaker 2: be followed by irregular motor manifestations until one of these
• 5:10:32
  Speaker 2: withdraws the apparatus from perception and at the same time
• 5:10:35
  Speaker 2: from pain. But on the reappearance of the perception, this
• 5:10:38
  Speaker 2: manifestation will immediately repeat itself, perends, perhaps as a movement
• 5:10:43
  Speaker 2: of flight, and perends until the perception has again disappeared.
• 5:10:49
  Speaker 2: But there will here remain no tendency again to occupy
• 5:10:52
  Speaker 2: the perception of the source of pain, in the form
• 5:10:54
  Speaker 2: of a hallucination or in any other form. On the contrary,
• 5:10:58
  Speaker 2: there will be a tendency in the primitive apparatus to
• 5:11:00
  Speaker 2: abandon the painful memory picture as soon as is in
• 5:11:04
  Speaker 2: any way wakened, as the overflow of its excitement, which
• 5:11:07
  Speaker 2: surely produce prends more precisely, begin to produce and priends pain.
• 5:11:14
  Speaker 2: The deviation from memory, which is but a repetition of
• 5:11:17
  Speaker 2: the formal flight from perception, is facilitated also by the
• 5:11:20
  Speaker 2: fact that, unlike perception, memory does not possess sufficient quality
• 5:11:24
  Speaker 2: to excite consciousness and thereby to attract to itself new energy.
• 5:11:30
  Speaker 2: This easy and regularly occurring deviation of the psychic process
• 5:11:33
  Speaker 2: from the formal painful memory presents to us the model
• 5:11:36
  Speaker 2: and the first example of psychic repression. As is generally known,
• 5:11:42
  Speaker 2: Much of this deviation from the painful, much of the
• 5:11:45
  Speaker 2: behavior of the ostrich, can readily be demonstrated even in
• 5:11:48
  Speaker 2: the normal psychic life of adults, by virtue of the
• 5:11:55
  Speaker 2: principle of pain. The first system is therefore altogether incapable
• 5:11:59
  Speaker 2: of reducing anything unpleasant into the mental associations. The system
• 5:12:05
  Speaker 2: cannot do anything but wish. If this remains so, the
• 5:12:08
  Speaker 2: mental activity of the second system, which should have at
• 5:12:12
  Speaker 2: its disposal all the memories stored up by experiences, would
• 5:12:15
  Speaker 2: be hindered. But two ways are now opened. The work
• 5:12:19
  Speaker 2: of the second system either frees itself completely from the
• 5:12:22
  Speaker 2: principle of pain and continues its course paying no heed
• 5:12:26
  Speaker 2: to the painful reminiscence, or it contrives to occupy the
• 5:12:29
  Speaker 2: painful memory in such a manner as to preclude the
• 5:12:33
  Speaker 2: liberation of pain. We may reject the first possibility, as
• 5:12:38
  Speaker 2: the principle of pain also manifests itself as a regulator
• 5:12:41
  Speaker 2: for the emotional discharge of the second system. We are
• 5:12:45
  Speaker 2: therefore directed to the second possibility, namely, that this system
• 5:12:50
  Speaker 2: occupies a reminiscence in such a manner as to inhibit
• 5:12:52
  Speaker 2: its discharge, and hence also to inhibit the discharge comparable
• 5:12:56
  Speaker 2: to a motor innovation for the development of pain. Thus,
• 5:13:01
  Speaker 2: from two starting points we are led to the hypothesis
• 5:13:04
  Speaker 2: that occupation through the second system is, at the same
• 5:13:06
  Speaker 2: time an inhibition for the emotional discharge, that is, from
• 5:13:11
  Speaker 2: a consideration of the principle of pain and from the
• 5:13:13
  Speaker 2: principle of the smallest expenditure of innervation. Let us, however,
• 5:13:18
  Speaker 2: keep to the fact this is the key to the
• 5:13:20
  Speaker 2: theory of repression, that the second system is capable of
• 5:13:23
  Speaker 2: occupying an idea only when it is positioned to check
• 5:13:27
  Speaker 2: the development of pain emanating from it. Whatever withdraws itself
• 5:13:32
  Speaker 2: from this inhibition also remains inaccessible for the second system,
• 5:13:35
  Speaker 2: and would soon be abandoned by virtue of the principle
• 5:13:38
  Speaker 2: of pain. The inhibition of pain, however, need not be complete.
• 5:13:42
  Speaker 2: It must be permitted to begin, as it indicates to
• 5:13:45
  Speaker 2: the second system the nature of memory, and possibly its
• 5:13:48
  Speaker 2: defective adaptation for the purpose sought by the mind. The
• 5:13:53
  Speaker 2: psychic process, which is admitted by the first system only
• 5:13:56
  Speaker 2: I shall now call the primary process, and the one
• 5:13:59
  Speaker 2: resulting from the inhibition of the second system I shall
• 5:14:02
  Speaker 2: call the secondary process. I show by another point for
• 5:14:06
  Speaker 2: what principle the second system is obliged to correct the
• 5:14:09
  Speaker 2: primary process. The primary process strives for a discharge of
• 5:14:13
  Speaker 2: the excitement in order to establish a perception identity. With
• 5:14:17
  Speaker 2: the sum of excitement thus gathered. The secondary process has
• 5:14:21
  Speaker 2: abandoned this intention and undertaken instead the task of bringing
• 5:14:25
  Speaker 2: about a thought identity. All thinking is only a circuitous
• 5:14:30
  Speaker 2: path from the memory of gratification taken as an end presentation,
• 5:14:34
  Speaker 2: to the identical occupation of the same memory, which is
• 5:14:37
  Speaker 2: again to be attained on the track of the motor experiences.
• 5:14:42
  Speaker 2: The state of thinking must take an interest in the
• 5:14:44
  Speaker 2: connecting paths between the presentations, without allowing itself to be
• 5:14:48
  Speaker 2: misled by their intensities. But it is obvious that the
• 5:14:52
  Speaker 2: condensations and intermediate or compromise formations occurring in the presentations
• 5:14:57
  Speaker 2: impede the attainment of this end identity. By substituting one
• 5:15:00
  Speaker 2: idea for the other, they deviate from the path which
• 5:15:03
  Speaker 2: otherwise would have been continued from the original idea. Such
• 5:15:08
  Speaker 2: processes are therefore carefully avoided in the secondary thinking. Nor
• 5:15:13
  Speaker 2: is it difficult to understand that the principle of pain
• 5:15:16
  Speaker 2: also impedes the progress of the mental stream in its
• 5:15:18
  Speaker 2: pursuit of the thought identity, though indeed it offers to
• 5:15:22
  Speaker 2: the mental stream the most important points of departure. Hence,
• 5:15:27
  Speaker 2: the tendency of the thinking process must be to free
• 5:15:29
  Speaker 2: itself more and more from exclusive adjustment by the principle
• 5:15:32
  Speaker 2: of pain, and through the working of the mind, to
• 5:15:35
  Speaker 2: restrict the effect of development to that minimum which is necessary.
• 5:15:38
  Speaker 2: As a signal, this refinement of the activity must have
• 5:15:43
  Speaker 2: been attained through a recent overoccupation of energy brought about
• 5:15:46
  Speaker 2: by consciousness. But we are aware that this refinement is
• 5:15:50
  Speaker 2: seldom completely successful even the most normal psychic life, and
• 5:15:54
  Speaker 2: that our thoughts ever remain accessible to falsification. Through the
• 5:15:58
  Speaker 2: interference of the principle of This, however, is not the
• 5:16:03
  Speaker 2: breach in the functional efficiency of our psychic apparatus, through
• 5:16:06
  Speaker 2: which the thoughts forming the material of the secondary mental
• 5:16:08
  Speaker 2: work are enabled to make their way to the primary
• 5:16:10
  Speaker 2: psychic process, with which formula we may now describe the
• 5:16:14
  Speaker 2: work leading to the dream and to the hysterical symptoms.
• 5:16:19
  Speaker 2: This case of insufficiency results from the union of the
• 5:16:21
  Speaker 2: two factors from the history of our revolution, one of
• 5:16:26
  Speaker 2: which belongs solely to the psychic apparatus and has exerted
• 5:16:29
  Speaker 2: a determining influence on the relation of the two systems,
• 5:16:32
  Speaker 2: while the other optuates fluctuatingly and introduces motive forces of
• 5:16:36
  Speaker 2: organic origin into the psychic life. Both originate in the
• 5:16:41
  Speaker 2: infantile life and result from the transformation which our psychic
• 5:16:45
  Speaker 2: and somatic organism has undergone since the infantile period. When
• 5:16:51
  Speaker 2: I termed one of the psychic processes in the psychic
• 5:16:53
  Speaker 2: apparatus the primary process, I did so not only in
• 5:16:57
  Speaker 2: consideration of the order of precedence and capability, but also
• 5:17:01
  Speaker 2: as admitting the temporal relations to a share in the nomenclature.
• 5:17:05
  Speaker 2: As far as our knowledge goes, there is no psychic
• 5:17:08
  Speaker 2: apparatus possessing only the primary process, and in so far
• 5:17:13
  Speaker 2: it is a theoretical fiction. But so much is based
• 5:17:16
  Speaker 2: on the fact that the primary processes are present in
• 5:17:19
  Speaker 2: the apparatus from the beginning, while the secondary process is
• 5:17:22
  Speaker 2: developed gradually in the course of life, inhibiting and covering
• 5:17:26
  Speaker 2: the primary ones, and gaining complete mastery over them, perhaps
• 5:17:29
  Speaker 2: only at the height of life. Owing to this retarded
• 5:17:34
  Speaker 2: appearance of the secondary processes, the essence of our being,
• 5:17:38
  Speaker 2: consisting in unconscious wish feelings, can neither be seized nor
• 5:17:41
  Speaker 2: inhibited by the fore conscious, whose part is once and
• 5:17:45
  Speaker 2: for all restricted to the indication of the most suitable
• 5:17:48
  Speaker 2: paths for the wish feelings originating in the unconscious. These
• 5:17:54
  Speaker 2: unconscious wishes established for all subsequent psychic efforts a compulsion
• 5:17:58
  Speaker 2: to which they have to submit, and which they must strive,
• 5:18:01
  Speaker 2: if possible, to divert from its course and direct the
• 5:18:04
  Speaker 2: higher aims. In consequence of this retardation of the fore
• 5:18:08
  Speaker 2: conscious occupation, a large sphere of the memory material remains inaccessible.
• 5:18:15
  Speaker 2: Among these indestructible and uncovered wish feelings originating from the
• 5:18:18
  Speaker 2: infantile life, there are also some the fulfillments of which
• 5:18:23
  Speaker 2: have entered into a relation of contradiction to the unpresentation
• 5:18:26
  Speaker 2: of the secondary thinking. The fulfillment of these wishes would
• 5:18:31
  Speaker 2: no longer produce an effect of pleasure, but one of pain.
• 5:18:35
  Speaker 2: And it is just this transformation of affect that constitutes
• 5:18:38
  Speaker 2: the nature of what we designate as quote repression, in
• 5:18:42
  Speaker 2: which we recognize the infantile first step of passing adverse
• 5:18:46
  Speaker 2: sentence or of rejecting through reason. To investigate in what
• 5:18:53
  Speaker 2: way and through what motive forces such a transformation can
• 5:18:57
  Speaker 2: be produced, constitutes the problem of repression, which we need
• 5:19:01
  Speaker 2: here only skim over. It will suffice to remark that
• 5:19:05
  Speaker 2: such a transformation of affect occurs in the course of
• 5:19:08
  Speaker 2: development prends. One may think of the appearance and infantile
• 5:19:12
  Speaker 2: life of discuss which was originally absent close preends, and
• 5:19:15
  Speaker 2: that is connected with the activity of the secondary system.
• 5:19:20
  Speaker 2: The memories from which the unconscious wish brings about the
• 5:19:22
  Speaker 2: emotional discharge have never been accessible to the forec and
• 5:19:27
  Speaker 2: for that reason their emotional discharge cannot be inhibited. It
• 5:19:32
  Speaker 2: is just on account of this affective development that these
• 5:19:35
  Speaker 2: ideas are not even now accessible to the four conscious
• 5:19:38
  Speaker 2: thoughts to which they have transferred their wishing power. On
• 5:19:42
  Speaker 2: the contrary, the principle of pain comes into play and
• 5:19:46
  Speaker 2: causes the forak to deviate from these thoughts of transference.
• 5:19:50
  Speaker 2: The latter left to themselves are quote repressed, and thus
• 5:19:53
  Speaker 2: the existence of a store of infantile memories from the
• 5:19:56
  Speaker 2: very beginning withdrawn from the forec become the preliminary can
• 5:20:00
  Speaker 2: condition of repression. In the most favorable case, the development
• 5:20:06
  Speaker 2: of pain terminates as soon as the energy has been
• 5:20:08
  Speaker 2: withdrawn from the thoughts of transference in the foreak, and
• 5:20:11
  Speaker 2: this effect characterizes the intervention of the principle of pain
• 5:20:14
  Speaker 2: as expedient. It is different, however, if the repressed unconscious
• 5:20:20
  Speaker 2: wish receives an organic enforcement which it can lend its
• 5:20:23
  Speaker 2: thoughts of transference, and through which it can enable them
• 5:20:26
  Speaker 2: to make an effort towards penetration with their excitement, even
• 5:20:29
  Speaker 2: after they have been abandoned by the occupation of the foreek.
• 5:20:34
  Speaker 2: A defensive struggle then ensues inasmuch as the foreek reinforces
• 5:20:38
  Speaker 2: the antagonism against the repressed ideas, and subsequently this leads
• 5:20:42
  Speaker 2: to a penetration by the thoughts of transference preends the
• 5:20:46
  Speaker 2: carriers of the unconscious wish and preends in some form
• 5:20:49
  Speaker 2: of compromise through symptom formation. But from the moment that
• 5:20:54
  Speaker 2: the suppressed thoughts are powerfully occupied by the unconscious wish
• 5:20:57
  Speaker 2: feeling and abandoned by the fore conscious occupation, they succumb
• 5:21:01
  Speaker 2: to the primary psychic process and strive only for motor discharge, or,
• 5:21:06
  Speaker 2: if the path be free, for hallucinatory revival of the
• 5:21:09
  Speaker 2: desired perception identity. We have previously found empirically that the
• 5:21:15
  Speaker 2: incorrect processes described are enacted only with thoughts that exist
• 5:21:18
  Speaker 2: in the repression. We now grasp another part of the connection.
• 5:21:23
  Speaker 2: These incorrect processes are those that are primary in the
• 5:21:26
  Speaker 2: psychic apparatus. They appear wherever thoughts abandoned by the fore
• 5:21:32
  Speaker 2: conscious occupation are left to themselves and can fill themselves
• 5:21:35
  Speaker 2: with the uninhibited energy striving for discharge from the unconscious.
• 5:21:42
  Speaker 2: We may add a few further observations to support the
• 5:21:45
  Speaker 2: view that these processes designated quote incorrect end quote are
• 5:21:49
  Speaker 2: really not falsifications of the normal defective thinking, but the
• 5:21:53
  Speaker 2: modes of activity of the psychic apparatus when freed from inhibition.
• 5:21:58
  Speaker 2: Thus we see that the transference of the fore conscious
• 5:22:00
  Speaker 2: excitement to the motility takes place according to the same processes,
• 5:22:04
  Speaker 2: and that the connection of the four conscious presentation with
• 5:22:07
  Speaker 2: words readily manifest the same displacements and mixtures which are
• 5:22:10
  Speaker 2: ascribed to inattention. Finally, I should like to adduce proof
• 5:22:16
  Speaker 2: that an increase of work necessarily results from the inhibition
• 5:22:19
  Speaker 2: of these primary courses, from the fact that we gain
• 5:22:22
  Speaker 2: a comical effect a surplus to be discharged through laughter,
• 5:22:26
  Speaker 2: if we allow these streams of thought to come to consciousness.
• 5:22:33
  Speaker 2: The theory of the psychoneuroses asserts with complete certainty that
• 5:22:36
  Speaker 2: only sexual wish feeling from the infantile life experience repression
• 5:22:40
  Speaker 2: prends emotional transformation preends during the developmental period of childhood.
• 5:22:47
  Speaker 2: These are capable of returning to activity a later period
• 5:22:49
  Speaker 2: of development, and then have the faculty of being revived
• 5:22:53
  Speaker 2: either as a consequence of the sexual constitution, which is
• 5:22:58
  Speaker 2: really formed from the original bisexuality, or in consequence of
• 5:23:02
  Speaker 2: unfavorable influences of the sexual life, and they thus supply
• 5:23:07
  Speaker 2: the motive power for all psychonerotic symptom formations. It is
• 5:23:11
  Speaker 2: only by the introduction of these sexual forces that the
• 5:23:15
  Speaker 2: gap still demonstrable, and the theory of repression can be filled.
• 5:23:19
  Speaker 2: I will leave it undecided whether the postulate of the
• 5:23:21
  Speaker 2: sexual and infantile may also be asserted for the theory
• 5:23:24
  Speaker 2: of the dream. I leave this here unfinished because I
• 5:23:29
  Speaker 2: have already passed a step beyond the demonstrable in assuming
• 5:23:32
  Speaker 2: that the dream wish invariable originates from the unconscious. Footnote Here,
• 5:23:38
  Speaker 2: as in other places, there are gaps in the treatment
• 5:23:40
  Speaker 2: of the subject, which I have left intentionally because to
• 5:23:43
  Speaker 2: fill them up would require, on the one hand, too
• 5:23:45
  Speaker 2: great effort, and on the other hand, an extensive reference
• 5:23:47
  Speaker 2: to material that is foreign to the dream. Thus, I've
• 5:23:50
  Speaker 2: avoided stating whether I connect the words suppressed another sense
• 5:23:53
  Speaker 2: with the word repressed. It has been made clear only
• 5:23:56
  Speaker 2: that the latter emphasizes more than the form of the
• 5:23:58
  Speaker 2: relation to the unconscious. I have not entered into decognate
• 5:24:02
  Speaker 2: problem why the dream thoughts also experience distortion by the
• 5:24:04
  Speaker 2: sensor when they abandon the progressive continuation to consciousness and
• 5:24:07
  Speaker 2: choose the path of regression. I have been, above all
• 5:24:10
  Speaker 2: anxious to awaken an interest in the problems to which
• 5:24:12
  Speaker 2: the further analysis of the dream work leads and indicate
• 5:24:15
  Speaker 2: the other themes which meet these under way, It was
• 5:24:18
  Speaker 2: not always easy to decide just where the pursuits to
• 5:24:20
  Speaker 2: be discontinued. They have not treated exhaustively the part played
• 5:24:23
  Speaker 2: in the dream by the psychosexual life, and have avoided
• 5:24:26
  Speaker 2: the interpretation of dreams of an obvious sexual content is
• 5:24:29
  Speaker 2: due to a special reason which may not come up
• 5:24:31
  Speaker 2: to the reader's expectation. To be sure, it is very
• 5:24:34
  Speaker 2: far from my ideas and the principles expressed by me
• 5:24:36
  Speaker 2: in neuropathology to regard to sexual life as pudendum which
• 5:24:39
  Speaker 2: should be left unconsidered by the physician and the scientific investigator.
• 5:24:43
  Speaker 2: I also consider ludicrous the moral indignation which prompted the
• 5:24:46
  Speaker 2: translator of our tumulus of datleness to keep from the
• 5:24:49
  Speaker 2: reader's knowledge the chapter on sexual dreams contained in the
• 5:24:52
  Speaker 2: Symbolism of the Dreams. As for myself, I have been
• 5:24:55
  Speaker 2: actuated solely by the conviction that the explanation of sexual
• 5:24:58
  Speaker 2: dreams I should be bound to angle myself deeply in
• 5:25:01
  Speaker 2: the still unexplained problems of perversion and bisexuality, And for
• 5:25:04
  Speaker 2: that reason I have reserved this material for another connection
• 5:25:08
  Speaker 2: end footnote. Nor will I further investigate the difference in
• 5:25:13
  Speaker 2: the play of the psychic forces in the dream formation
• 5:25:16
  Speaker 2: and then the formation of the hysterical symptoms. For to
• 5:25:20
  Speaker 2: do this we ought to possess a more explicit knowledge
• 5:25:23
  Speaker 2: of one of the members to be compared. But I
• 5:25:26
  Speaker 2: regard another point as important, and will here confess that
• 5:25:30
  Speaker 2: it was on account of this very point that I
• 5:25:32
  Speaker 2: have just undertaken this entire discussion concerning the two psychic systems,
• 5:25:36
  Speaker 2: their modes of operation, and the repression. For it is
• 5:25:40
  Speaker 2: now immaterial whether I have conceived the psychological relation in
• 5:25:43
  Speaker 2: question with the approximate correctness, or as is easily possible
• 5:25:47
  Speaker 2: in such a difficult matter, in an erroneous and fragmentory manner.
• 5:25:52
  Speaker 2: Whatever changes may be made in the interpretation of the
• 5:25:55
  Speaker 2: psychic sensor and of the correct and of the abnormal
• 5:25:58
  Speaker 2: elaboration of the dream cond the fact nevertheless remains that
• 5:26:02
  Speaker 2: such processes are active in dream formation, and that essentially
• 5:26:06
  Speaker 2: they show the closest analogy to the processes observed in
• 5:26:09
  Speaker 2: the formation of the hysterical symptoms. The dream is not
• 5:26:14
  Speaker 2: a pathological phenomenon, and it does not leave behind an
• 5:26:17
  Speaker 2: enfeeblement of the mental faculties. The objection that no deduction
• 5:26:23
  Speaker 2: can be drawn regarding the dreams of healthy persons from
• 5:26:25
  Speaker 2: my own dreams, and from those of neurotic patients may
• 5:26:28
  Speaker 2: be rejected without comment. Hence, when we draw conclusions from
• 5:26:32
  Speaker 2: the phenomena as to their motive forces, we recognize that
• 5:26:35
  Speaker 2: the psychic mechanism made use of by the neuroses is
• 5:26:38
  Speaker 2: not created by a morbid disturbance of the psychic life,
• 5:26:41
  Speaker 2: but is found ready in the normal structure of the
• 5:26:44
  Speaker 2: psychic apparatus. The two psychic systems, the sensor crossing between them,
• 5:26:50
  Speaker 2: the inhibition and the covering of one activity by the other,
• 5:26:53
  Speaker 2: the relationships of both, the consciousness or whatever may offer
• 5:26:56
  Speaker 2: a more correct interpretation of the actual conditions in their stead.
• 5:27:00
  Speaker 2: All these belong to the normal structure of our psychic instrument,
• 5:27:04
  Speaker 2: and the dream points out for us one of the
• 5:27:06
  Speaker 2: roads leading to knowledge of this structure. If, in addition
• 5:27:10
  Speaker 2: to our knowledge we wish to be contented and with
• 5:27:12
  Speaker 2: a minimum perfectly established, we shall say that the dream
• 5:27:16
  Speaker 2: gives us proof that the suppressed material continues to exist
• 5:27:20
  Speaker 2: even in the normal person and remains capable of psychic activity.
• 5:27:26
  Speaker 2: The dream itself is one of the manifestations of the
• 5:27:29
  Speaker 2: suppress material. Theoretically, this is true in all cases. According
• 5:27:34
  Speaker 2: to substantial experience, it is true in at least a
• 5:27:37
  Speaker 2: great number of such as most conspicuously display the prominent
• 5:27:42
  Speaker 2: characteristics of dream life. The suppress psychic material, which in
• 5:27:46
  Speaker 2: the waking state has been prevented from expression and cut
• 5:27:49
  Speaker 2: off from internal perception by the antagonistic adjustment of the contradictions,
• 5:27:55
  Speaker 2: finds ways and means of obtruding itself on consciousness during
• 5:27:58
  Speaker 2: their night under domination of the compromise formations flectrosininiquis superus
• 5:28:05
  Speaker 2: acanarantum of abo. At any rate, the interpretation of dreams
• 5:28:11
  Speaker 2: is the via regia to a knowledge of the unconscious
• 5:28:14
  Speaker 2: and the psychic life. In following the analysis of the dream,
• 5:28:19
  Speaker 2: we have made some progress towards an understanding of the
• 5:28:21
  Speaker 2: composition of this most marvelous and most mysterious of instruments.
• 5:28:25
  Speaker 2: To be sure, we have not gone very far, but
• 5:28:28
  Speaker 2: enough of a beginning has been made to allow us
• 5:28:30
  Speaker 2: to advance from other so called pathological formations further into
• 5:28:34
  Speaker 2: the analysis of the unconscious disease. At least, that which
• 5:28:39
  Speaker 2: is justly term functional is not due to the destruction
• 5:28:43
  Speaker 2: of this apparatus and the establishment of new splittings in
• 5:28:46
  Speaker 2: its interior. It is rather to be explained dynamically through
• 5:28:49
  Speaker 2: the strengthening and weakening of the components in the play
• 5:28:52
  Speaker 2: of forces by which so many activities are concealed during
• 5:28:55
  Speaker 2: the normal function. We have been able to show in
• 5:28:58
  Speaker 2: another place how the com position of the apparatus from
• 5:29:01
  Speaker 2: the two systems permits a subtilization even of the normal activity,
• 5:29:05
  Speaker 2: which would be impossible for a single system. End of
• 5:29:09
  Speaker 2: Section eight, The Primary and Secondary process Regression, Chapter nine,
• 5:29:16
  Speaker 2: The unconscious and Consciousness Reality. On closer inspection, we find
• 5:29:28
  Speaker 2: that it is not the existence of two systems near
• 5:29:31
  Speaker 2: the motor end of the apparatus, but of two kinds
• 5:29:33
  Speaker 2: of processes or modes of emotional discharge, the assumption of
• 5:29:38
  Speaker 2: which was explained in the psychological discussions of the previous chapter.
• 5:29:46
  Speaker 2: This can make no difference for us, for we must
• 5:29:49
  Speaker 2: always be ready to drop our auxiliary ideas whenever we
• 5:29:53
  Speaker 2: deem ourselves in a position to replace them by something
• 5:29:57
  Speaker 2: else approaching more closely to the unknown reality. Let us
• 5:30:02
  Speaker 2: now try to correct some views which might be erroneously
• 5:30:05
  Speaker 2: formed as long as we regarded the two systems in
• 5:30:08
  Speaker 2: the crudest and most obvious sense as two localities within
• 5:30:12
  Speaker 2: the psychic apparatus, views which have left their traces in
• 5:30:16
  Speaker 2: the terms quote repression and quote penetration. Thus, when we
• 5:30:23
  Speaker 2: say that an unconscious idea strives for transference into the
• 5:30:26
  Speaker 2: fore conscious in order later to penetrate consciousness, we do
• 5:30:31
  Speaker 2: not mean that a second idea is to be formed
• 5:30:34
  Speaker 2: situated in a new locality, like an interlineation, near which
• 5:30:38
  Speaker 2: the original continues to remain. Also, when we speak of
• 5:30:44
  Speaker 2: penetration into consciousness, we wish carefully to avoid any idea
• 5:30:48
  Speaker 2: of change of locality. When we say that a four
• 5:30:53
  Speaker 2: conscious idea is repressed and subsequently taken up by the unconscious,
• 5:30:58
  Speaker 2: we might be tempted by these figures borrowed from the
• 5:31:01
  Speaker 2: idea of a struggle over a territory, to assume that
• 5:31:04
  Speaker 2: an arrangement is really broken up in one psychic locality
• 5:31:08
  Speaker 2: and replaced by a new one in the other locality.
• 5:31:13
  Speaker 2: For these comparisons, we substitute what would seem to correspond
• 5:31:17
  Speaker 2: better with the real state of affairs by saying that
• 5:31:20
  Speaker 2: an energy occupation is displaced to or withdrawn from a
• 5:31:25
  Speaker 2: certain arrangement, so that the psychic formation falls under the
• 5:31:29
  Speaker 2: domination of a system or is withdrawn from the same.
• 5:31:34
  Speaker 2: Here again we replace a topical mode of presentation by
• 5:31:38
  Speaker 2: a dynamic It is not the psychic formation that appears
• 5:31:42
  Speaker 2: to us as the moving factor, but the innervation of
• 5:31:45
  Speaker 2: the same. I deem it appropriate and justifiable. However, to
• 5:31:54
  Speaker 2: apply ourselves still further to the illustrative conception of the
• 5:31:57
  Speaker 2: two systems, we shall avoid any misapplication of this manner
• 5:32:03
  Speaker 2: of representation if we remember that presentations, thoughts and psychic
• 5:32:09
  Speaker 2: formations should generally not be localized in the organic elements
• 5:32:12
  Speaker 2: of the nervous system, but so to speak, between them,
• 5:32:17
  Speaker 2: where resistances and paths form the correlate corresponding to them.
• 5:32:26
  Speaker 2: Everything that can become an object of our internal perception
• 5:32:30
  Speaker 2: is virtual, like the image in a telescope produced by
• 5:32:33
  Speaker 2: the passage of the rays of light. But we are
• 5:32:38
  Speaker 2: justified in assuming the existence of the systems which have
• 5:32:42
  Speaker 2: nothing psychic in themselves, and which never become accessible to
• 5:32:46
  Speaker 2: our psychic perception, corresponding to the lenses of the telescope
• 5:32:50
  Speaker 2: which design the image. If we continue this comparison, we
• 5:32:57
  Speaker 2: may say that the sensor between two systems corresponds to
• 5:33:01
  Speaker 2: the refraction of rays during their passage into a new medium.
• 5:33:08
  Speaker 2: Thus far we have made psychology on our own responsibility.
• 5:33:14
  Speaker 2: It is now time to examine the theoretical opinions governing
• 5:33:17
  Speaker 2: present day psychology and to test the relation to our theories.
• 5:33:23
  Speaker 2: The question of the unconscious in psychology is, according to
• 5:33:28
  Speaker 2: authoritative words of Lips, less a psychological question than the
• 5:33:32
  Speaker 2: question of psychology, as long as psychology settled this question
• 5:33:39
  Speaker 2: with the verbal explanation that the quote psychic is the
• 5:33:42
  Speaker 2: quote conscience, and that the quote unconscious psychic occurrences end
• 5:33:46
  Speaker 2: quote are an obvious contradiction a psychological estimate of the
• 5:33:53
  Speaker 2: observations gained by the physician from abnormal mental states, which
• 5:33:56
  Speaker 2: precluded physician and the philosopher agree only when both acknowledge
• 5:34:03
  Speaker 2: that the unconscious psychic processes are quote the appropriate and
• 5:34:08
  Speaker 2: well justified expression for an established fact end quote. The
• 5:34:14
  Speaker 2: physician cannot but reject, with a shrug of his shoulders,
• 5:34:17
  Speaker 2: the assertion that quote consciousness is the indispensable quality of
• 5:34:21
  Speaker 2: the psychic end quote. He may assume, if his respect
• 5:34:26
  Speaker 2: for the utterings of the philosopher still be strong enough,
• 5:34:29
  Speaker 2: that he and they do not treat the same subject
• 5:34:32
  Speaker 2: and do not pursue the same science. For a single
• 5:34:37
  Speaker 2: intelligent observation of the psychic life of a neurotic, a
• 5:34:40
  Speaker 2: single analysis of a dream must force upon him the
• 5:34:45
  Speaker 2: unalterable conviction that the most complicated and correct mental operations,
• 5:34:51
  Speaker 2: to which no one will refuse the name of psychic occurrences,
• 5:34:54
  Speaker 2: may take place without exciting the consciousness of the person.
• 5:35:00
  Speaker 2: It is true that the physician does not learn of
• 5:35:02
  Speaker 2: these unconscious processes until they have exerted such an effect
• 5:35:06
  Speaker 2: on consciousness as to admit communication or observation. But this
• 5:35:13
  Speaker 2: effect of consciousness may show a psychic character wildly differing
• 5:35:17
  Speaker 2: from the unconscious processes, so that the internal perception cannot
• 5:35:22
  Speaker 2: possibly recognize the one as a substitute for the other.
• 5:35:28
  Speaker 2: The physician must reserve for himself the right to penetrate
• 5:35:31
  Speaker 2: by a process of deduction from the effect on consciousness
• 5:35:35
  Speaker 2: to the unconscious psychic processes. He learns in this way
• 5:35:41
  Speaker 2: that the effect on consciousness is only a remote psychic
• 5:35:44
  Speaker 2: product of the unconscious process, and that the latter has
• 5:35:48
  Speaker 2: not become conscious, as such, that it has been in
• 5:35:51
  Speaker 2: existence and operative without betraying itself in any way to consciousness.
• 5:36:00
  Speaker 2: A reaction from the overestimation of the quality of consciousness
• 5:36:04
  Speaker 2: becomes the indispensable preliminary condition for any correct insight into
• 5:36:09
  Speaker 2: the behavior of the psychic. In the words of Lips,
• 5:36:13
  Speaker 2: the unconscious must be accepted as the general basis of
• 5:36:17
  Speaker 2: the psychic life. The unconscious is the larger circle, which
• 5:36:23
  Speaker 2: includes within itself the smaller circle of the conscious. Everything
• 5:36:28
  Speaker 2: conscious has its preliminary step in the unconscious, whereas the
• 5:36:32
  Speaker 2: unconscious may stop with this step and still claim full
• 5:36:36
  Speaker 2: value as a psychic activity. Properly speaking, the unconscious is
• 5:36:43
  Speaker 2: the real psychic. Its inner nature is just as unknown
• 5:36:48
  Speaker 2: to us as the reality of the external world, and
• 5:36:52
  Speaker 2: it is just as imperfectly reported to us through the
• 5:36:56
  Speaker 2: data of consciousness as is the external world through the
• 5:36:59
  Speaker 2: end indication of our sensory organs. A series of dream
• 5:37:10
  Speaker 2: problems which have intensely occupied older authors will be laid
• 5:37:14
  Speaker 2: aside when the old opposition between conscious life and dream
• 5:37:18
  Speaker 2: life is abandoned and the unconscious psychic assigned to its
• 5:37:22
  Speaker 2: proper place. Thus, many of the activities who performances in
• 5:37:28
  Speaker 2: the dream have excited our admiration are now no longer
• 5:37:31
  Speaker 2: to be attributed to the dream, but to unconscious thinking,
• 5:37:36
  Speaker 2: which is also active during the day. If, according to Schneerer,
• 5:37:43
  Speaker 2: the dream seems to play with a sembling representation of
• 5:37:46
  Speaker 2: the body, we know that this is the work of
• 5:37:49
  Speaker 2: certain unconscious fantasies which have probably given into sexual emotions,
• 5:37:55
  Speaker 2: and that these fantasies come to expression not only in dreams,
• 5:38:00
  Speaker 2: but also in hysterical phobias and in other symptoms. If
• 5:38:05
  Speaker 2: the dream continues and settles activities of the day, and
• 5:38:09
  Speaker 2: even brings to light valuable inspirations, we have only to
• 5:38:13
  Speaker 2: subtract from it the dream disguise as a feat of
• 5:38:16
  Speaker 2: dream work and a mark of assistance from obscure forces
• 5:38:19
  Speaker 2: in the depth of the mind. Prenthes c f. The
• 5:38:24
  Speaker 2: devil in Tartinius Sonata dream and preentes. The intellectual task
• 5:38:30
  Speaker 2: as such must be attributed to the same psychic forces
• 5:38:34
  Speaker 2: which perform all such tasks during the day. We are
• 5:38:39
  Speaker 2: probably far too much inclined to overestimate the conscious character,
• 5:38:43
  Speaker 2: even of intellectual and artistic productions. From the communications of
• 5:38:49
  Speaker 2: some of the most highly productive persons, such as Kirta
• 5:38:52
  Speaker 2: and Helmholtz, we learn, indeed, that the most essential and
• 5:38:56
  Speaker 2: original parts in their creations came to them in the
• 5:39:00
  Speaker 2: form of inspirations and reach their perceptions almost finished. There
• 5:39:06
  Speaker 2: is nothing strange about the assistance of the conscious activity
• 5:39:10
  Speaker 2: in other cases where there was a concerted effort of
• 5:39:12
  Speaker 2: all the psychic forces. But it is a much abuse
• 5:39:17
  Speaker 2: privilege of the conscious activity that is allowed to hide
• 5:39:20
  Speaker 2: from us all other activities wherever it participates. It will
• 5:39:29
  Speaker 2: hardly be worthwhile to take up the historical significance of
• 5:39:33
  Speaker 2: dreams as a special subject. Where, for instance, a chieftain
• 5:39:38
  Speaker 2: has been urged through a dream to engage in a
• 5:39:40
  Speaker 2: bold undertaking, the success of which has had the effect
• 5:39:44
  Speaker 2: of changing history, a new problem results only so long
• 5:39:48
  Speaker 2: as the dream, regarded as a strange power, is contrasted
• 5:39:52
  Speaker 2: with the other, more familiar psychic forces. The problem, however,
• 5:39:58
  Speaker 2: disappears when we regard the dream as a form of
• 5:40:00
  Speaker 2: expression forefeelings which are burdened with the resistance during the day,
• 5:40:05
  Speaker 2: and which can receive reinforcements at night from deep emotional sources.
• 5:40:12
  Speaker 2: But the great respect shown by the ancients for the
• 5:40:14
  Speaker 2: dream is based on the correct psychological surmise. It is
• 5:40:18
  Speaker 2: an homage paid to the unsubdued and indestructible in the
• 5:40:22
  Speaker 2: human mind, and to the demoniacal which furnishes the dream wish,
• 5:40:27
  Speaker 2: and which we find again in our unconscious. Not inadvisedly
• 5:40:35
  Speaker 2: do I use the expression quote in our unconscious end quote,
• 5:40:40
  Speaker 2: for what we so designate does not coincide with the
• 5:40:43
  Speaker 2: unconscious of the philosophers, nor with the unconscious of Lips.
• 5:40:48
  Speaker 2: In the latter uses, it is intended to designate only
• 5:40:52
  Speaker 2: the opposite of conscious. That there are also unconscious psychic
• 5:40:57
  Speaker 2: processes beside the conscious ones is a hotly contested and
• 5:41:01
  Speaker 2: energetically defended issue. Lips gives us the more far reaching
• 5:41:06
  Speaker 2: theory that everything psychic exists is unconscious, but that some
• 5:41:11
  Speaker 2: of it may exist also as conscious. But it was
• 5:41:15
  Speaker 2: not to prove this theory that we have adduced the
• 5:41:17
  Speaker 2: phenomena of the dream and of the hysterical symptom formation.
• 5:41:22
  Speaker 2: The observation of normal life alone suffices to establish its
• 5:41:25
  Speaker 2: correctness beyond any doubt. The new fact that we have
• 5:41:30
  Speaker 2: learned from the analysis of the psychopathological formations, and indeed
• 5:41:35
  Speaker 2: from their first member, that is, dreams, is that the unconscious,
• 5:41:39
  Speaker 2: hence the psychic, occurs as a function of two separate systems,
• 5:41:44
  Speaker 2: and that it occurs as such even in normal psychic life. Consequently,
• 5:41:50
  Speaker 2: there are two kinds of unconscious, which we do not
• 5:41:53
  Speaker 2: as yet find distinguished by the psychologists. Both are unconscious
• 5:41:57
  Speaker 2: in the psychological sense, but in our sense. The first,
• 5:42:01
  Speaker 2: which we call unsee, is likewise incapable of consciousness, whereas
• 5:42:08
  Speaker 2: the second we term force e, because its emotions, after
• 5:42:12
  Speaker 2: the observance of certain rules, can reach consciousness, perhaps not
• 5:42:17
  Speaker 2: before they have again undergone censorship, but still regardless of
• 5:42:21
  Speaker 2: the unseased system. The fact that in order to attain consciousness,
• 5:42:28
  Speaker 2: the emotions must traverse an unalterable series of events or
• 5:42:31
  Speaker 2: succession of instances, as is portrayed through their alteration by
• 5:42:35
  Speaker 2: the sensor, has helped us to draw a comparison from spatiality.
• 5:42:42
  Speaker 2: We describe the relations of the two systems to each
• 5:42:45
  Speaker 2: other and to consciousness by saying that the system fores
• 5:42:50
  Speaker 2: is like a scream between the system unsee and consciousness.
• 5:42:55
  Speaker 2: The system force the not only bars access to consciousness,
• 5:43:00
  Speaker 2: but also controls the entrance to voluntary motility, and is
• 5:43:04
  Speaker 2: capable of sending out a sum of mobile energy, a
• 5:43:07
  Speaker 2: portion of which is familiar to us as attention. We
• 5:43:15
  Speaker 2: must also steer clear of the distinction super conscious and subconscious,
• 5:43:19
  Speaker 2: which have found so much favor in the more recent
• 5:43:22
  Speaker 2: literature on the psychoneuroses, for just such a distinction seems
• 5:43:27
  Speaker 2: to emphasize the equivalence of the psychic and the conscious.
• 5:43:33
  Speaker 2: What part now remains in our description of the once
• 5:43:36
  Speaker 2: all powerful and all overshadowing consciousness none other than that
• 5:43:41
  Speaker 2: of a sensory organ for the perception of psychic qualities.
• 5:43:46
  Speaker 2: According to the fundamental idea of schematic undertaking, we can
• 5:43:50
  Speaker 2: conceive the conscious perception only as the particular activity of
• 5:43:54
  Speaker 2: an independent system for which the abbreviated designation CONS commends itself.
• 5:44:01
  Speaker 2: The system we conceive to be similar in its mechanical
• 5:44:04
  Speaker 2: characteristics to the perception system, p hence excitable by qualities
• 5:44:09
  Speaker 2: and incapable of retaining the trace of changes, that is, is,
• 5:44:14
  Speaker 2: devoid of memory. The psychic apparatus, which, with the sensory
• 5:44:20
  Speaker 2: organ of the peace system, is turned to the outer world,
• 5:44:24
  Speaker 2: is itself the outer world for the sensory organ of
• 5:44:26
  Speaker 2: cons the teleological justification of which rests on this relationship.
• 5:44:33
  Speaker 2: We are here once more confronted with the principle of
• 5:44:36
  Speaker 2: the succession of instances, which seems to dominate the structure
• 5:44:39
  Speaker 2: of the apparatus. The material under excitement flows to the
• 5:44:44
  Speaker 2: cons sensory organ from the two sides, firstly from the
• 5:44:47
  Speaker 2: peace system, whose excitement qualitatively determined probably experiences a new
• 5:44:53
  Speaker 2: elaboration until it comes to conscious perception, and secondly from
• 5:44:59
  Speaker 2: the ind ture of the apparatus itself, the quantitative processes
• 5:45:03
  Speaker 2: of which are perceived as qualitative series of pleasure and
• 5:45:06
  Speaker 2: pain as soon as they have undergone certain changes. The
• 5:45:13
  Speaker 2: philosophers who have learned that correct and highly complicated thought
• 5:45:17
  Speaker 2: structures are possible even without the cooperation of consciousness have
• 5:45:22
  Speaker 2: found it difficult to attribute any function to consciousness. It
• 5:45:26
  Speaker 2: has appeared to them a superfluous mirroring of the perfected
• 5:45:30
  Speaker 2: psychic process. The analogy of our consystem with the systems
• 5:45:35
  Speaker 2: of perception relieves us of this embarrassment. We see that
• 5:45:39
  Speaker 2: perception through our sensory organs results in directing the occupation
• 5:45:43
  Speaker 2: of attention to those paths on which the incoming century
• 5:45:47
  Speaker 2: excitement is diffused. The qualitative excitement of the p system
• 5:45:53
  Speaker 2: serves the mobile quantity of the psychic apparatus as a
• 5:45:56
  Speaker 2: regulator for its discharge. We may claim this same function
• 5:46:00
  Speaker 2: for the overlying sensory organ of the con system. By
• 5:46:05
  Speaker 2: assuming new qualities, it furnishes a new contribution towards the
• 5:46:09
  Speaker 2: guidance and suitable distribution of the mobile occupation quantities. By
• 5:46:14
  Speaker 2: means of the perception of pleasure and pain, it influences
• 5:46:18
  Speaker 2: the course of the occupations within the psychic apparatus, which
• 5:46:21
  Speaker 2: normally operates unconsciously and through the displacement of quantities. It
• 5:46:28
  Speaker 2: is probable that the principle of pain first regulates displacements
• 5:46:31
  Speaker 2: of occupation automatically, but it is quite possible that the
• 5:46:35
  Speaker 2: consciousness of these qualities adds a second and more subtle regulation,
• 5:46:40
  Speaker 2: which may even oppose the first and perfect the working
• 5:46:43
  Speaker 2: capacity of the apparatus by placing it in the position
• 5:46:47
  Speaker 2: contrary to its original design for occupying and developing even
• 5:46:51
  Speaker 2: that which is connected with the liberation of pain. We
• 5:46:57
  Speaker 2: learn from neuropsychology that an important part of the functional
• 5:47:01
  Speaker 2: activity of the apparatus is attributed to such regulations. Through
• 5:47:04
  Speaker 2: the qualitative excitation of the sensory organs. The automatic control
• 5:47:10
  Speaker 2: of the primary principle of pain and the restrictions of
• 5:47:14
  Speaker 2: mental capacity connected with it are broken by the sensible regulations,
• 5:47:19
  Speaker 2: which in their turn are again automatisms. We learn that
• 5:47:24
  Speaker 2: the repression, which though originally expedient, terminates nevertheless in a
• 5:47:29
  Speaker 2: harmful rejection of inhibition and of psychic domination, is so
• 5:47:33
  Speaker 2: much more easily accomplished with reminiscences than with perceptions, because
• 5:47:38
  Speaker 2: the former there is no increase in occupation through the
• 5:47:41
  Speaker 2: excitement of the psychic sensory organs. When an idea to
• 5:47:46
  Speaker 2: be rejected has once failed to become conscious because it
• 5:47:49
  Speaker 2: has succumbed to repression, it can be repressed on other
• 5:47:52
  Speaker 2: occasions only because it has been withdrawn from conscious perception
• 5:47:56
  Speaker 2: on other grounds. These are hints employed by therapy in
• 5:48:01
  Speaker 2: order to bring about a retrogression of accomplished repressions. The
• 5:48:08
  Speaker 2: value of the over occupation, which is produced by the
• 5:48:11
  Speaker 2: regulating influence of the CON's sensory organ on the mobile quantities,
• 5:48:16
  Speaker 2: is demonstrated in the teleological connection by nothing more clearly
• 5:48:20
  Speaker 2: than by the creation of a new series of qualities
• 5:48:23
  Speaker 2: and consequently a new regulation, which constitutes the precedence of
• 5:48:28
  Speaker 2: man over the animals. For the mental processes are in
• 5:48:33
  Speaker 2: themselves devoid of quality, except for the excitements of pleasure
• 5:48:37
  Speaker 2: and pain accompanying them, which, as we know are to
• 5:48:41
  Speaker 2: be held in check as possible disturbances of thought, in
• 5:48:46
  Speaker 2: order to endow them with equality. They are associated in
• 5:48:49
  Speaker 2: man with verbal memories, the qualitative remnants of which suffice
• 5:48:53
  Speaker 2: to draw upon them the attention of consciousness, which in
• 5:48:56
  Speaker 2: turn endows thought with a new mobile energy. The manifold
• 5:49:06
  Speaker 2: problems of consciousness in their entirety can be examined only
• 5:49:10
  Speaker 2: through an analysis of the hysterical mental processes. From this
• 5:49:14
  Speaker 2: analysis we see receive the impression that the transition from
• 5:49:18
  Speaker 2: the fore conscious to the occupation of consciousness is also
• 5:49:22
  Speaker 2: connected with the censorship, similar to the one between the
• 5:49:26
  Speaker 2: unsee and the foresee. This censorship, too, begins to act
• 5:49:32
  Speaker 2: only with the reaching of a certain quantitative degree, so
• 5:49:35
  Speaker 2: that few intense thought formations escape it. Every possible case
• 5:49:41
  Speaker 2: of detension from consciousness, as well as of penetration to
• 5:49:45
  Speaker 2: consciousness under restriction, is found included within the picture of
• 5:49:49
  Speaker 2: the psychoinerotic phenomena. Every case points to the intimate and
• 5:49:54
  Speaker 2: twofold connection between the censor and consciousness. I shall conclude
• 5:50:00
  Speaker 2: these psychological discussions with the report of two such occurrences.
• 5:50:09
  Speaker 2: On the occasion of a consultation a few years ago
• 5:50:12
  Speaker 2: The subject was an intelligent and innocent looking girl. Her
• 5:50:16
  Speaker 2: attire was strange, whereas a woman's garbage usually groomed to
• 5:50:21
  Speaker 2: the last fold. She had one of her stockings hanging
• 5:50:24
  Speaker 2: down and two of her waiste buttons opened. She complained
• 5:50:29
  Speaker 2: of pains in one of her legs, and exposed her
• 5:50:32
  Speaker 2: leg unrequested. Her chief complaint, however, was in her own
• 5:50:38
  Speaker 2: words as follows. She had a feeling in her body,
• 5:50:42
  Speaker 2: as if something was stuck into it, which moved to
• 5:50:45
  Speaker 2: and fro and made her tremble through and through. This
• 5:50:49
  Speaker 2: sometimes made her whole body stiff. On hearing this, my
• 5:50:54
  Speaker 2: colleague and consultation looked at me. The complaint was quite
• 5:50:58
  Speaker 2: plain to him. To both of us, it seemed peculiar
• 5:51:02
  Speaker 2: that the patient's mother thought nothing of the matter. Of course,
• 5:51:05
  Speaker 2: she herself must have been repeatedly in the situation described
• 5:51:08
  Speaker 2: by her child. As for the girl, she had no
• 5:51:13
  Speaker 2: idea of the import of her words, or she would
• 5:51:15
  Speaker 2: never have allowed them to pass her lips. Here the
• 5:51:19
  Speaker 2: censor had been deceived so successfully that, under the mask
• 5:51:22
  Speaker 2: of an innocent complaint, a fantasy was admitted to consciousness,
• 5:51:26
  Speaker 2: which otherwise would have remained in the fore conscious. Another example,
• 5:51:35
  Speaker 2: I began the psychoanalytic treatment of a boy of fourteen
• 5:51:38
  Speaker 2: years who was suffering from tick, convulsive, hysterical, vomiting, headache,
• 5:51:43
  Speaker 2: et cetera, by assuring him that after closing his eyes,
• 5:51:48
  Speaker 2: he would see pictures or have ideas, which I requested
• 5:51:51
  Speaker 2: him to communicate to me. He answered by describing pictures.
• 5:51:57
  Speaker 2: The last impression he had received before coming to me
• 5:52:01
  Speaker 2: was visually revived in his memory. He had played a
• 5:52:04
  Speaker 2: game of checkers with his uncle, and now saw the
• 5:52:07
  Speaker 2: checkerboard before him. He commented on various positions that were
• 5:52:12
  Speaker 2: favorable or unfavorable, on the moves that were not safe
• 5:52:16
  Speaker 2: to make. He then saw a dagger lying on the checkerboard,
• 5:52:20
  Speaker 2: an object belonging to his father, but transferred to the
• 5:52:23
  Speaker 2: checkerboard by his fantasy. Then a sickle was lying on
• 5:52:28
  Speaker 2: the board, next a scythe was at it, and finally
• 5:52:31
  Speaker 2: he beheld the likeness of an old peasant mowing the
• 5:52:34
  Speaker 2: grass in front of the boy's distant rental home. A
• 5:52:39
  Speaker 2: few days later I discovered the meaning of this series
• 5:52:42
  Speaker 2: of pictures. Disagreeable family relations had made the boy nervous.
• 5:52:48
  Speaker 2: It was the case of a strict and crab father,
• 5:52:51
  Speaker 2: who lived unhappily with his mother, and whose educational methods
• 5:52:55
  Speaker 2: consisted in threats of the separation of his father from
• 5:52:58
  Speaker 2: his tender and delicate mind, and the remarrying of his father,
• 5:53:02
  Speaker 2: who one day brought home a young woman as his
• 5:53:04
  Speaker 2: new mama. The illness of the fourteen year old boy
• 5:53:08
  Speaker 2: broke out a few days later. It was the suppressed
• 5:53:12
  Speaker 2: anger against his father that had composed these pictures into
• 5:53:15
  Speaker 2: intelligible illusions. The material was furnished by a reminiscence from mythology.
• 5:53:23
  Speaker 2: The sickle was the one with which Zeus castrated his father.
• 5:53:28
  Speaker 2: The scythe and the likeness of the peasant represented Kronos,
• 5:53:32
  Speaker 2: the violent old man who eats his children and upon
• 5:53:35
  Speaker 2: whom Zeus wreaks vengeance in's oh so unfilial a manner.
• 5:53:41
  Speaker 2: The marriage of the father gave the boy an opportunity
• 5:53:44
  Speaker 2: to return the reproaches and frets of his father which
• 5:53:48
  Speaker 2: had previously been made. Because the child played with the stendals, brentzes,
• 5:53:53
  Speaker 2: the checkerboard, the prohibited moves, the dagger with which a
• 5:53:56
  Speaker 2: person may be killed, and preenthes. We have here long
• 5:54:01
  Speaker 2: repressed memories and their unconscious remnants which, under the guise
• 5:54:05
  Speaker 2: of senseless pictures, have slipped into consciousness by devious paths
• 5:54:09
  Speaker 2: left open to them. I should then expect to find
• 5:54:17
  Speaker 2: the theoretical value of the study of dreams and its
• 5:54:20
  Speaker 2: contributions to psychological knowledge and in its preparation for an
• 5:54:24
  Speaker 2: understanding of neuroses? Who can foresee the importance of a
• 5:54:29
  Speaker 2: thorough knowledge of the structure and activities of the psychic apparatus,
• 5:54:33
  Speaker 2: When even our present state of knowledge produces a happy
• 5:54:36
  Speaker 2: therapeutic influence in the caurable forms of the psychoneuroses. What
• 5:54:42
  Speaker 2: about the practical value of such studies? Someone may ask
• 5:54:45
  Speaker 2: for psychic knowledge and for discovering of the secret peculiarity
• 5:54:48
  Speaker 2: of individual character. Have not the unconscious feelings revealed by
• 5:54:54
  Speaker 2: the dream? The value of real forces in the psychic life?
• 5:54:59
  Speaker 2: Should we take lightly the ethical significance of the suppress wishes, which,
• 5:55:03
  Speaker 2: as they now create dreams, may someday create other things.
• 5:55:10
  Speaker 2: I do not feel justified in answering these questions. I
• 5:55:14
  Speaker 2: have not thought further upon this side of the dream problem.
• 5:55:18
  Speaker 2: I believe, however, that at all events, the Roman emperor
• 5:55:22
  Speaker 2: was in the wrong, who ordered one of his subjects
• 5:55:24
  Speaker 2: executed because the latter dreamt that he had killed the emperor.
• 5:55:29
  Speaker 2: He should first have endeavored to discover the significance of
• 5:55:32
  Speaker 2: the dream. Most probably it was not what it seemed
• 5:55:35
  Speaker 2: to be. And even if a dream of different content
• 5:55:40
  Speaker 2: had the significance of this defense against majesty, it would
• 5:55:44
  Speaker 2: still have been in place. To remember the words of Plato,
• 5:55:48
  Speaker 2: that the virtuous man contents himself with dreaming that which
• 5:55:51
  Speaker 2: the wicked man does in actual life. I am therefore
• 5:55:56
  Speaker 2: of the opinion that it is best to accord freedom
• 5:55:59
  Speaker 2: to dreams, whether in reality is to be attributed to
• 5:56:03
  Speaker 2: the unconscious wishes, and in what sense I am not
• 5:56:07
  Speaker 2: prepared to say offhand. Reality must naturally be denied to
• 5:56:12
  Speaker 2: all transition and intermediate thoughts. If we had before us
• 5:56:19
  Speaker 2: the unconscious wishes brought to their last and truest expression,
• 5:56:24
  Speaker 2: we should still do well to remember that more than
• 5:56:26
  Speaker 2: one single form of existence must be ascribed to the
• 5:56:29
  Speaker 2: psychic reality. Action and the conscious expression of thought mostly
• 5:56:35
  Speaker 2: suffice for the practical need of judging a man's character. Action,
• 5:56:39
  Speaker 2: above all, marriage to be placed in the first rank.
• 5:56:43
  Speaker 2: For many of the impulses penetrating consciousness are neutralized by
• 5:56:47
  Speaker 2: real forces of the psychic life before they are converted
• 5:56:50
  Speaker 2: into action. Indeed, the reason why they frequently do not
• 5:56:55
  Speaker 2: encounter any psychic obstacle on their way is because the
• 5:56:58
  Speaker 2: unconscious is certain of their meeting with resistances later. In
• 5:57:04
  Speaker 2: any case, it is instructive to become familiar with the
• 5:57:07
  Speaker 2: much raked up soil from which our virtues proudly arise.
• 5:57:11
  Speaker 2: For the complication of human character moving dynamically in all
• 5:57:15
  Speaker 2: directions very rarely accommodates itself to adjustment through a simple alternative,
• 5:57:20
  Speaker 2: as our antiquated moral philosophy would have it. And how
• 5:57:26
  Speaker 2: about the value of the dream for knowledge of the future, that,
• 5:57:29
  Speaker 2: of course, we cannot consider. One feels inclined to substitute
• 5:57:35
  Speaker 2: quote for a knowledge of the past quote for the
• 5:57:38
  Speaker 2: dream originates from the past in every sense. To be sure,
• 5:57:43
  Speaker 2: the ancient belief that the dream reveals the future is
• 5:57:46
  Speaker 2: not entirely devoid of truth. By representing to us a
• 5:57:51
  Speaker 2: wish as fulfilled, the dream certainly leads us into the future.
• 5:57:56
  Speaker 2: But this future, taken by the dreamer as present, has
• 5:58:01
  Speaker 2: been formed into the likeness of that past by the
• 5:58:04
  Speaker 2: indestructible wish. End of chapter nine, the unconscious and consciousness,
• 5:58:18
  Speaker 2: Reality and of dream psychology by Sigmund Freud, translated by M. D. Eater,