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The Carreira da Índia: Portugal's Perilous Sea Route to Empire
In this episode, Lucas and Luna explore the Carreira da Índia, the regular sea route that connected Portugal to its Asian empire from 1497 onward. They discuss the brutal conditions aboard the naus—the massive ships that made the 6-to-8-month voyage around Africa—and the staggering death toll from scurvy, storms, and disease, which could reach 50% on a single journey. The conversation covers key innovations like the Portuguese square-rigged carrack and the use of the volta do mar, the ocean gyre that allowed ships to sail from the Cape of Good Hope to India. Lucas explains how the Crown…
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