Latest / Reformed Thinking / Hypocrites Deficient in the Duty of Prayer (Job 27:10) | Jonathan Edwards
Transcript
- 0:00Welcome back to Reform Thinking. We are glad to have you with us
- 0:02for another session where we take serious theological works
- 0:05and try to understand what they demand of us today.
- 0:09It's good to be here. We're looking at a text today
- 0:11that is, to put it mildly, terrifying.
- 0:14But it's terrifying in that necessary surgical way that you
- 0:17want when you know something might be wrong with you.
- 0:20Yes. That's a good way to put it.
- 0:22We are opening up a sermon by Jonathan Edwards.
- 0:25And you know, when people hear the name Edwards, they have a
- 0:27certain picture in mind. Absolutely sinners in the hands
- 0:30of an angry God. Right.
- 0:32They picture him just shouting fire and brimstone from a
- 0:35pulpit, trying to, you know, scare people into submission.
- 0:38But the Edwards we meet in this sermon is quite different.
- 0:42So this one is titled Hypocrites deficient in the Duty of prayer.
- 0:47And here he's not really shouting.
- 0:48He's analyzing. He's like a master physician
- 0:51conducting a very quiet, very precise dismantling of the human
- 0:55heart to figure out what's actually beating inside it.
- 0:58Really does feel like a diagnostic test.
- 1:01The text he's preaching from is Job 27.90.
- 1:05It's a short verse asking a pretty simple question about the
- 1:08hypocrite. The question is, will he always
- 1:11call upon God? And it's one of those questions
- 1:14that already has the answer baked in, right?
- 1:15Exactly. In the Hebrew poetry of Job, the
- 1:18implied answer is a resounding no, and that's the central
- 1:22thesis Edwards is driving at here.
- 1:24Which is what exactly? He says that while a person who
- 1:26is not truly converted, what the Bible calls a hypocrite, might
- 1:30keep up the appearance of religion for a season, it is
- 1:33their manner eventually to leave it off.
- 1:35So they might pray, they might attend church, they might look
- 1:38the part for years. Even for years, but eventually
- 1:40they will abandoned the Dewey and specifically, Edwards
- 1:43argues, they will abandoned the duty of secret prayer.
- 1:47That distinction is so key. The difference between public
- 1:50prayer and secret prayer seems to be the hinge this whole
- 1:52argument turns on. It is.
- 1:54But before we even get to why they stop, Edwards starts
- 1:57somewhere that I think catches people off guard.
- 1:59He actually admits that hypocrites do pray.
- 2:01Yes, and not only that they pray, but that they often pray a
- 2:04lot for a short time. They might even seem more
- 2:07consistent than a true Christian, which seems.
- 2:10Counterintuitive. We tend to think of the
- 2:11hypocrite as the guy who's, you know, faking it by doing the
- 2:14bare minimum. But Edwards says no.
- 2:16A person with no true spiritual life can still be incredibly
- 2:20active in religious duties, and we have to ask why?
- 2:24If the Holy Spirit isn't the engine driving that activity,
- 2:27what is? So what does he point to?
- 2:29He points to what theologians call common illuminations.
- 2:33OK, let's unpack that term a little, because it sounds
- 2:35technical. What does he mean by common
- 2:38illumination? He's referring to a work of the
- 2:40spirit that falls short of actual regeneration.
- 2:43A person can be illuminated or awakened to the reality of
- 2:47judgment. They see very clearly that hell
- 2:50is real. So it's an intellectual
- 2:51awakening. It's more than just
- 2:53intellectual, it's a genuine fear.
- 2:55They see that their soul is in danger and that fear is an
- 2:57incredibly powerful motivator. Fear creates a lot of energy.
- 3:01If I wake up and realize my house is on fire, I'm going to
- 3:04move very, very fast. That's a perfect analogy.
- 3:08I don't need to be a good person to run out of a burning
- 3:10building. I just need to be a terrified
- 3:12person. That's it.
- 3:13When a natural man, someone not yet born again, sees the danger
- 3:18of hell, they will do anything to escape it.
- 3:21They will read their Bible, they will go to services, and they
- 3:24will be constant in secret prayer because they are trying
- 3:28to strike a bargain with God. A.
- 3:30Transaction. It is a transaction.
- 3:31They're thinking I will give God this duty, I will give him these
- 3:35prayers, and in exchange he will not throw me into the fire.
- 3:39So it's just self preservation masquerading as devotion.
- 3:42That's the first engine, but Edwards says it's not just fear.
- 3:45It can also be what he calls false affections.
- 3:48And this part is even trickier because it involves positive
- 3:51emotions. They might actually feel
- 3:53something that resembles joy or love.
- 3:55This is where Edwards really shows his skill as a well a
- 3:59psychologist of the soul. He was writing during the Great
- 4:01Awakening, you have to remember. Right, he saw it all first hand.
- 4:04He saw people weeping in the aisles, shouting for joy,
- 4:08appearing to be radically changed.
- 4:10He had to figure out what was real and what wasn't.
- 4:13So he argues that a person can hear about the mercy of God or
- 4:16the love of Christ and feel a massive wave of relief.
- 4:20They might think God has saved me, I'm safe, and that relief
- 4:23creates a kind of gratitude. I could see how that happens.
- 4:27It's like if a judge suddenly dismissed a huge case against
- 4:30you, you'd feel A rush of affection for that judge.
- 4:32You might say, what a great judge.
- 4:33I love that man. Precisely.
- 4:35But Edwards would ask, do you love the judge for his justice
- 4:38and his character, or do you love him simply because he let
- 4:41you off the hook? That's a sharp question.
- 4:44Edwards calls this transactional love.
- 4:46It is entirely self referential. They don't love God for who he
- 4:49is, for His Holiness, His glory, his attributes.
- 4:52They love him because they think he thinks highly of them.
- 4:55It's a form of narcissism wrapped up in religious
- 4:57language. So as long as they're feeling
- 4:59good or as long as they feel safe, the prayer continues.
- 5:02It just flows out of that emotional high.
- 5:05It's like a fire fueled by straw or dry leaves.
- 5:08It burns hot and bright. It might even be brighter than
- 5:12the steady coal fire of a true St. for a moment.
- 5:15But the fuel source is external and temporary.
- 5:18Once the straw burns up, the fire goes out.
- 5:21But here's where it gets interesting.
- 5:23Edwards notes that even when those feelings fade, the
- 5:26hypocrite usually doesn't stop praying immediately.
- 5:29No, there's a momentum to it. Right, because stopping cold
- 5:33Turkey would be a, well, a disaster for their self-image.
- 5:37It would be a psychological shock they can't handle.
- 5:39Just think about it. You've told your family you're
- 5:41converted. You've told your church, You've
- 5:43convinced yourself if you suddenly stop praying, the
- 5:46moment the emotion dies down, you have to admit to yourself
- 5:48I'm right back where I started. And that's too terrifying to
- 5:51face. So they run on fumes.
- 5:52They run on the force of preconceived notions, as he puts
- 5:55it. They know that godly people
- 5:57persevere. So they force themselves to go
- 5:59through the motions to protect their own identity as a
- 6:02Christian. It becomes a performance for an
- 6:03audience of one themselves. Yes, they're acting out the role
- 6:07of a believer just to keep their own conscience quiet.
- 6:12But Edwards says this doesn't last forever.
- 6:14There's a gradual decline. It's not a Cliff, it's a slope.
- 6:18A slow erosion. That's the word.
- 6:20They begin to manage their conscience.
- 6:23They find loopholes. They might miss a day of secret
- 6:26prayer because they're busy. Then they miss two days.
- 6:28Then it becomes a weekly thing. And pretty soon, they've
- 6:30constructed a whole theology that allows them to feel safe
- 6:34while neglecting the closet entirely.
- 6:36They might tell themselves, well, you know, I'm not
- 6:38legalistic. I don't need a rigid schedule
- 6:40for prayer. And this brings us back to that
- 6:42critical distinction you mentioned earlier, public versus
- 6:45private prayer. Edwards seems to think the
- 6:47hypocrite can keep up the public stuff indefinitely.
- 6:50That is a chilling observation, he says.
- 6:52A man might attend family prayer, public worship, or small
- 6:55group meetings his entire life and still be a hypocrite.
- 6:58Why? What's the difference?
- 7:00Because public prayer has a social reward, it maintains your
- 7:03reputation. It keeps your spouse happy, your
- 7:06pastor off your back, and you're standing in the community
- 7:08intact. There is a horizontal benefit to
- 7:11being seen as a praying man. But the closet is different.
- 7:15The closet is the ultimate test. There's no applause in the
- 7:18closet. There's no social credit for
- 7:20closing the door and getting on your knees where only God sees.
- 7:24So that's the real test of the heart.
- 7:25That's what Edwards argues. If you only pray when others are
- 7:28watching, you're not worshiping God, you're worshiping your
- 7:31reputation. So when the hypocrite eventually
- 7:33drops the habit, it's the secret habit that goes first.
- 7:37That is a heavy diagnostic tool. Yeah, it forces every one of us
- 7:40to ask, what does my parental life look like when no one is
- 7:43looking? Yeah, But OK, let's move into
- 7:46the why. Edwards lists several reasons
- 7:48why this drop off happens. It's not accidental.
- 7:51It's theological. Right.
- 7:53The first reason is fundamental to our understanding of
- 7:56salvation. The hypocrite, he says, has no
- 7:59spirit of prayer. What does he mean by that?
- 8:01We have to remember what true prayer is.
- 8:04It's not just reciting words in a Reformed view.
- 8:07It's the Spirit of God dwelling within the believer, breathing
- 8:10back to the Father. It is a relational dynamic.
- 8:14It's a child talking to his father.
- 8:16And the hypocrite doesn't have that relationship.
- 8:18No, because they don't have the indwelling spirit.
- 8:21And Edwards contrasts this with the self-sufficiency of the
- 8:24false convert. The false convert thinks I'm.
- 8:27I'm saved, I'm rich, I have need of nothing.
- 8:29It's a paradox, isn't it? A false conversion leads to
- 8:32pride. I've got my ticket to heaven.
- 8:34I'm done. But a true conversion, it opens
- 8:37your eyes to how desperate you actually are.
- 8:40The true St. feels more needy after conversion than before.
- 8:43They see their remaining sin more clearly.
- 8:45They hunger and thirst for righteousness.
- 8:47So the true St. has, as Edwards puts it, business enough at the
- 8:51throne of grace. I like that phrase.
- 8:53It's a great phrase. It implies they have things to
- 8:56get done. They have things to discuss with
- 8:57God. They have sins to confess,
- 8:59mercies to ask for, gratitude to express, friends to intercede
- 9:02for. The plate is full.
- 9:05Whereas the hypocrite runs out of things to say.
- 9:07They run out of things to say because they don't really know
- 9:10God and deep down they don't think they need him anymore.
- 9:14It's like if you're stuck in an elevator with a stranger, you
- 9:17run out of things to say in 2 minutes, right?
- 9:19Weather. Sports, then silence.
- 9:22But if you're with your closest friend, you can talk all night.
- 9:25The hypocrite is stuck in the elevator with God.
- 9:27That is a really helpful way to frame it.
- 9:30If you run out of things to say to God, it might be because you
- 9:33don't realize how much you need Him.
- 9:35That's the first reason. And the second reason Edwards
- 9:38gives is false security. We touched on this, but it's
- 9:41this idea that hope can actually be a trap.
- 9:44A very dangerous trap. The hypocrite uses their hope of
- 9:47salvation as a shield against the commands of God.
- 9:50Christ says watch and pray. The hypocrite says I don't need
- 9:53to watch, I'm already safe. So the very thing that drove
- 9:57them to pray in the 1st place, fear, is now gone and it's
- 10:01replaced by a security that allows them to stop.
- 10:03Exactly. The irony is staggering.
- 10:07Fear drove them to pray, but false security leads them to
- 10:10stop. They become bold enough to
- 10:12ignore the plainest commands of Scripture because they think
- 10:15their insurance policy is all paid up.
- 10:17And then there's the third reason, which I found to be
- 10:19maybe the most practical and convicting the return to sin.
- 10:23Yes, Edwards has this blunt, unforgettable line.
- 10:28Sinning and praying agree. Not well together.
- 10:31It's a psychological and spiritual impossibility to
- 10:33maintain both for long. Isn't it?
- 10:35It is. Think about the analogy of Adam
- 10:37in the garden. After he sinned, what was his
- 10:40first instinct? He hid.
- 10:41He hid among the trees. He did not want to be in the
- 10:43presence of God. Because the presence of God is
- 10:45light, and sin loves darkness. Precisely.
- 10:49If a man is secretly nursing a sin, whether it's lust or greed
- 10:53or pride or resentment, he will find the prayer closet
- 10:55intolerable. To go into secret prayer is to
- 10:58step into the immediate presence of the Holy One.
- 11:00And if you're holding on to sin, your conscience will just fly in
- 11:03your face. It's painful.
- 11:05So the hypocrite has a choice, give up the sin or give up the
- 11:10prayer. And Edwards says they inevitably
- 11:12give up the prayer. He uses that vivid imagery from
- 11:15Scripture. The dog returning to its vomit,
- 11:19the false affections fade away, the old lusts revive, and the
- 11:23prayer life just dies. And that leads directly to the
- 11:25fourth reason, laziness and calculation.
- 11:28Edwards argues that hypocrites never truly counted the cost.
- 11:32They wanted the prize heaven, but they never actually agreed
- 11:34to the war. They wanted the crown without
- 11:36the cross. Yes, perseverance is hard work.
- 11:39It involves fighting the world, the flesh and the devil.
- 11:42The hypocrite views religion as a means to an end which is
- 11:45escaping hell, not a life of service and battle.
- 11:47So when they realized that prayer is a lifelong labor of
- 11:50watchfulness, they just quit. They quit.
- 11:52And the terrifying theological point Edwards adds here is that
- 11:55they have no promise from God to keep them wait.
- 11:57Unpack that for a second. We believe in the perseverance
- 12:00of the Saints, right? That God keeps his people.
- 12:02We absolutely do. But the keyword there is Saints.
- 12:06God has promised to uphold His children.
- 12:09He has promised that He will put His fear in their hearts so they
- 12:12will not depart from Him. But He has made no such promise
- 12:15to the hypocrite. So the hypocrite is on his own.
- 12:17If a man is relying on his own strength or a false hope, God is
- 12:21under no obligation to provide the grace for him to persevere.
- 12:25So when the emotional high wears off, the hypocrite is left to
- 12:29his own resources, and his own resources are completely
- 12:32insufficient. He falls away because there is
- 12:34no hand holding him up. Wow, that is a sobering thought.
- 12:38It shifts the conversation from am I trying hard enough to am I
- 12:42actually relying on his promises?
- 12:44It does, and this leads us right into the application section of
- 12:47the sermon. Edwards does not pull any
- 12:49punches here. He speaks directly to the person
- 12:51who knows deep down that they have abandoned secret prayer.
- 12:55And his advice is radical. It is, he says.
- 12:57Throw away your hope. That sounds so harsh.
- 13:00Usually, pastors are trying to encourage people to build up
- 13:02their hope. Edwards is telling them to
- 13:04destroy it. He's acting like a surgeon
- 13:07moving a tumor. If your hope is allowing you to
- 13:10live in disobedience to God, it is a cancer.
- 13:13It needs to be cut out. His logic is that if the fruit
- 13:16is dead, if there's no prayer life, then the tree must be
- 13:19dead. That's it.
- 13:21It doesn't matter what happened five years ago at a revival
- 13:23meeting. It doesn't matter if you cried
- 13:25tears of joy once, if you are living a prayerless life now,
- 13:30your hope is false. He deals with the excuses people
- 13:32make, too. I could just hear someone
- 13:34saying, but my pastor thinks I'm saved.
- 13:37My wife thinks I'm a Christian. I lead the Bible study.
- 13:39And Edwards cuts right through all of that.
- 13:41He says essentially, what does it matter?
- 13:44You can be approve it by every minister and St. in the world,
- 13:47but if you are living in a way that Scripture condemns, you are
- 13:50condemned. God sees The Secret Life.
- 13:52Yes, the verdict of Scripture outweighs the opinion of men
- 13:56every time. He has an analogy about
- 13:58friendship that really struck me.
- 14:00He says if you claim to love a friend but you avoid their
- 14:03company, you avoid talking to them, you avoid visiting them.
- 14:06It proves your heart is cold. It exposes the lie.
- 14:09You cannot claim to love God supremely while actively
- 14:12avoiding all contact with Him. It makes no sense.
- 14:15And he takes it a step further with the analogy of breathing.
- 14:18That one is so powerful. Prayer is to the new nature what
- 14:23breathing is to the body. If you saw a body that wasn't
- 14:26breathing, you wouldn't say, oh, he's just taking a break from
- 14:28breathing. You'd say it's dead.
- 14:29O To claim you're a Christian without prayer is just as absurd
- 14:34as claiming to be a living man without breath.
- 14:36It is, he even calls, a prayerless life a profane life.
- 14:40He says it's essentially the life of a heathen.
- 14:42That's the logical conclusion, isn't it?
- 14:44It. Is if you live without asking
- 14:47for God's help, without thanking him, without acknowledging Him
- 14:49in secret, you are living as a practical atheist.
- 14:52You might have the theological label of Christian, but your
- 14:55actual day-to-day existence is godless.
- 14:58OK, so Edwards has effectively dismantled the false hope.
- 15:02He's stripped away the excuses. Now let's pivot to the positive
- 15:05side of this. For the listener who is hearing
- 15:08this and thinking, I don't want to be that person.
- 15:10I want to stand fast. What is the path to
- 15:14perseverance? This is where we have to be very
- 15:16careful with our Reform distinctions.
- 15:18Edwards is not saying that our perseverance earns us salvation.
- 15:21We are justified by faith alone in Christ alone.
- 15:25But perseverance is the necessary evidence of that
- 15:28salvation. So it's not I pray so that I can
- 15:30be saved. It's I pray because I am being
- 15:32saved. The prayer flows from the new
- 15:34heart. Correct.
- 15:36But, and this is a big C, but Edward emphasizes that this
- 15:39doesn't happen on autopilot. He talks about the need for
- 15:42watchfulness. Not passive.
- 15:44No, there's this modern tendency to think, let go and let God, as
- 15:47if we are passive observers of our own sanctification, Edward
- 15:51says. No, the promise that God will
- 15:53keep us includes the promise that we will be watchful.
- 15:55We cannot simply drift. We have enemies, the world, the
- 15:59flesh and the devil. You can't walk through a
- 16:01battlefield sleepwalking. He uses the analogy of a child
- 16:05in a howling wilderness. I love that image because it
- 16:09combines that sense of danger with a sense of dependence.
- 16:13It is a perfect picture of the Christian life.
- 16:15A child lost in a wilderness cannot survive on their own.
- 16:18They need a guide. They need protection.
- 16:21If that child let's go of the guide's hand, they are lost.
- 16:24And we are that child. We are that child.
- 16:26Edwards is saying that our soul is in constant danger.
- 16:29We are pray for the roaring lion, Satan.
- 16:32Without fresh supplies of grace every single day, what He called
- 16:36Our Daily Bread, we cannot not resist sin, we cannot understand
- 16:39truth, and we cannot bring forth fruit.
- 16:42That really highlights the necessity of prayer.
- 16:44It isn't just a duty, it's a lifeline.
- 16:46If I am that child in the wilderness, I'm going to be
- 16:48shouting for help constantly. And that's the difference
- 16:51between the hypocrite and the Saint.
- 16:52The hypocrite thinks he knows the way out of the woods on his
- 16:55own. The Saint knows he is utterly
- 16:57helpless without the guide. So let's get practical.
- 17:00Edwards gives some very specific directions for the listener who
- 17:03wants to ensure they don't fall away.
- 17:05His first strategy is about watching the beginnings of
- 17:08neglect. This is wisdom for the ages
- 17:10really. Nobody wakes up 1 morning and
- 17:13decides to become an apostate. It starts with just this once.
- 17:17You're too tired on a Tuesday night, so you skip secret
- 17:20prayer. Then you're busy on Thursday
- 17:22morning. The conscience gets a little
- 17:24less sensitive each time you do it.
- 17:25The habit starts to erode. He uses a military analogy here
- 17:29about the retreat. Yes, he says that beginning to
- 17:31retreat in battle weakens the soldier and emboldens the enemy.
- 17:35The moment you give an inch, Satan takes a mile.
- 17:39His advice is do not give that first inch.
- 17:42Guard the habit of secret prayer with your life.
- 17:44So if you catch yourself making excuses, stop immediately and
- 17:48repent. Don't let that gap whiten.
- 17:50Exactly. His second strategy is what I
- 17:52would call a lifestyle audit, and this is where he gets very
- 17:56specific about the culture of his day, which honestly sounds a
- 17:59lot like the culture of our day. He talks about young company and
- 18:02frolics. Right.
- 18:03In modern terms, we're talking about the party scene, endless
- 18:06entertainment, spending all your time with people who have no
- 18:08regard for God at all. And Edwards challenges the
- 18:11listener to look at cause and effect.
- 18:13He asks a simple question. What happens to your prayer life
- 18:16after a night out with that group of friends?
- 18:19What happens after you spend 3 hours on that particular
- 18:21diversion? It's a simple test really.
- 18:24Does this activity make me want to pray, or does it make the
- 18:27idea of prayer feel boring and distasteful?
- 18:30And if the answer is that it kills your prayer life, Edwards
- 18:33says you have to cut it off. It's the Jesus principle.
- 18:36If your right hand causes you to stumble, cut it off.
- 18:39Even if it's a lawful activity. Even then, there's nothing
- 18:43inherently sinful about a dinner party or a hobby, but if for you
- 18:46it consistently leads to a neglect of God, it has to go.
- 18:49He poses that ultimate value judgment.
- 18:52Do you value a little worldly diversion more than heaven?
- 18:56Because at the end of the day, that's the trade you're making.
- 18:59It's a stark choice. He is asking us to be ruthless
- 19:02with our own schedules and our own affections.
- 19:05We cannot nurture a love for the world and a love for the closet
- 19:08at the same time. One will choke out the other.
- 19:11As we wrap this up, we have to acknowledge Edward's own
- 19:14skepticism. He ends the sermon with a
- 19:16warning that is, frankly, a bit depressing, but it's probably
- 19:19realistic. He knows human nature.
- 19:21He predicts that many people will hear the sermon or you
- 19:24know, this deep dive, and they will be convicted.
- 19:28They'll pray tonight. They.
- 19:28Will they might even pray for a whole week.
- 19:31But he warns that without a new heart, without a true work of
- 19:34the Spirit, they will eventually return to their old ways.
- 19:38The world will crowd in again. He.
- 19:40Leaves us with one final haunting image from the Book of
- 19:44Job, The Snow Waters. It's such a powerful metaphor.
- 19:49Imagine a stream in the springtime.
- 19:51It's roaring. It's violent.
- 19:53It's full of water. It looks like a mighty river.
- 19:55Looks real. It looks real.
- 19:57But where does the water come from?
- 19:58It comes from melting snow. It's just a reaction to the
- 20:01sun's heat. It's surface level.
- 20:02There's no spring, no groundwater feeding it.
- 20:04So when the summer heat comes. It dries up completely.
- 20:07It just vanishes. And Edwards asks us, is your
- 20:11religion like that? Is it a flash flood caused by
- 20:13fear, or a temporary emotional melt?
- 20:16Or is it a spring of living water welling up from within?
- 20:19Because the summer heat is coming.
- 20:20The summer heat, the trials of life, or just the simple passage
- 20:23of time will reveal the difference.
- 20:25And that really is the question we want you to sit with today.
- 20:29Are you a spring or are you just melting snow?
- 20:31It's the most important question you can ask yourself.
- 20:34And if you suspect you might be the snow water, the solution
- 20:38isn't just to do better. It's to go to Christ.
- 20:41Ask for that living water. Ask for the new heart that
- 20:44naturally breathes prayer. Amen to that.
- 20:47Thank you for joining us on this deep dive into Jonathan Edwards.
- 20:51It is tough medicine, but it's good medicine.
- 20:53Indeed it is. We will catch you next time on
- 20:56reformed thinking.