Latest / Space News Today / Blue Origin’s TeraWave Network, Historic ISS Medical Evacuation & Buzz Aldrin Turns 96
Transcript
- 0:00Hey there, space fans. I'm Anna.
- 0:03>> And I'm Avery. Welcome to Astronomy
- 0:05Daily, your daily dose of space and
- 0:08astronomy news. It's Thursday, January
- 0:1122nd, 2026. And boy, do we have a packed
- 0:15episode for you today.
- 0:17>> We really do. We're covering everything
- 0:19from Blue Origins ambitious new
- 0:22satellite internet network to an update
- 0:24on that historic medical evacuation from
- 0:27the International Space Station. Plus,
- 0:30we'll celebrate a special birthday for a
- 0:32lunar legend.
- 0:33>> That's right. We've also got some
- 0:35fascinating science stories, including
- 0:38new insights into Saturn's moon
- 0:40Enceladus, surprising discoveries about
- 0:43plasma waves at Mercury, and
- 0:45groundbreaking observations of solar
- 0:47flares.
- 0:48>> So, buckle up. Let's dive right into
- 0:52today's space headlines.
- 0:54>> All right, Anna, let's kick things off
- 0:56with some major news from Blue Origin.
- 0:58Jeff Bezos's space company just
- 1:01announced a new satellite internet
- 1:03network called Terrowave. And the
- 1:05numbers are pretty staggering.
- 1:07>> They really are. We're talking about
- 1:10data speeds up to 6 terabs per second.
- 1:13That's seriously impressive. How does
- 1:16that compare to what's available now?
- 1:18Well, for context, SpaceX's Starlink
- 1:21currently maxes out at 400 megabits per
- 1:24second for consumers, though they're
- 1:26planning to upgrade to 1 GB speeds in
- 1:28the future. But 6 terabs per second,
- 1:31that's in a completely different league.
- 1:34>> So, this isn't really targeting the same
- 1:36market as Starlink then.
- 1:38>> Exactly. Blue Origin is very clear about
- 1:41this. Terra Wave is geared toward
- 1:43enterprise customers, data centers, and
- 1:46government applications. It's meant to
- 1:48add a space-based layer to existing
- 1:50network infrastructure, particularly for
- 1:53reaching locations that traditional
- 1:55methods can't access.
- 1:57>> What's the architecture looking like?
- 1:59How many satellites are we talking
- 2:00about?
- 2:01>> The constellation will use a mix of
- 2:035,280
- 2:05satellites in low Earth orbit and 128 in
- 2:09medium Earth orbit. The low Earth orbit
- 2:11satellites will use RF connectivity with
- 2:14maximum data transfer speeds of 144
- 2:17Gbits per second, while the medium Earth
- 2:20orbit satellites will use optical links
- 2:22to achieve those incredible 6 terabs per
- 2:25second speeds.
- 2:26>> When can we expect to see this actually
- 2:28deployed?
- 2:29>> Blue Origin plans to start deploying the
- 2:32first satellites in late 2027. They
- 2:34haven't given a timeline for the full
- 2:36buildout yet, which makes sense given
- 2:38the scale of the project.
- 2:40>> This is interesting timing, too, isn't
- 2:42it? Because Jeff Bezos's other company,
- 2:44Amazon, just rebranded their satellite
- 2:47network as LEO.
- 2:48>> That's right. LEO will have around 3,000
- 2:51satellites in low Earth orbit, offering
- 2:53more traditional broadband speeds to
- 2:55consumers. So taken together, Amazon's
- 2:58LEO and Blue Origins Terrowave could
- 3:01provide pretty robust competition to
- 3:03SpaceX's Starlink across different
- 3:06market segments.
- 3:07>> Bits really shaping up to be an exciting
- 3:09era for satellite internet. The
- 3:11competition should drive innovation and
- 3:14hopefully improve service for everyone.
- 3:17>> Absolutely. And it shows how Blue Origin
- 3:19is evolving beyond just their space
- 3:21tourism flights with New Shepard. With
- 3:23the successful launches of their new
- 3:25Glenn rocket, landing the booster on
- 3:27just a second attempt. And now this
- 3:30satellite network announcement, they're
- 3:32really becoming a multiaceted commercial
- 3:34space player.
- 3:35>> Great point. All right, let's move on to
- 3:38some news from closer to home, or at
- 3:40least from low Earth orbit. Avery, we
- 3:43need to talk about the unprecedented
- 3:45medical evacuation from the
- 3:47International Space Station. This was a
- 3:49historic moment and not in a way anyone
- 3:52wanted. Well, today we have a bit of an
- 3:55update as the astronauts have made their
- 3:57first live appearance since returning to
- 3:59Earth.
- 4:00>> You're absolutely right, Anna. For the
- 4:02first time in over 25 years of
- 4:05continuous human presence on the ISS and
- 4:08the first time in NASA's entire history,
- 4:10a space mission was cut short due to a
- 4:13medical issue. The four astronauts of
- 4:15crew 11 splashed down in the Pacific
- 4:18Ocean off the coast of California on
- 4:20January 15th about a month earlier than
- 4:23planned.
- 4:24>> Can you tell us who was on this crew?
- 4:26>> The crew included NASA astronauts Zena
- 4:29Cardman and Mike Fank, Japan Aerospace
- 4:32Exploration Agency astronaut Kima Yui,
- 4:35and Russian cosminaut Oleg Platanov.
- 4:38They'd been on the station for 167 days,
- 4:41having launched back in August 2025.
- 4:44>> And NASA still hasn't disclosed which
- 4:46crew member had the medical issue or
- 4:48what the condition was.
- 4:50>> That's correct. They're protecting the
- 4:51astronaut's medical privacy. What they
- 4:54have said is that the crew member is
- 4:56stable and that this wasn't an emergency
- 4:58situation despite bringing the entire
- 5:01crew home early.
- 5:02>> How did this unfold? What were the
- 5:04warning signs? The first public
- 5:06indication came when NASA cancelled a
- 5:09planned spacew walk on January 8th due
- 5:11to a medical concern. Mike Think and
- 5:14Zena Cardman were supposed to venture
- 5:16outside the station to work on the power
- 5:18system. The next day, NASA made the
- 5:21decision to bring the entire crew home
- 5:23early.
- 5:24>> That must have been a difficult decision
- 5:25to make.
- 5:26>> Absolutely. NASA administrator Jared
- 5:29Isaacman emphasized that while they have
- 5:32medical equipment and trained crew
- 5:34members aboard the ISS, the capability
- 5:37to properly diagnose and treat this
- 5:39particular condition simply doesn't
- 5:41exist on the station. He called it a
- 5:44controlled medical evacuation, not an
- 5:47emergency de-orbit.
- 5:48>> What's particularly interesting to me is
- 5:50what the crew members said at their
- 5:52press conference yesterday. They seemed
- 5:54remarkably positive about the
- 5:56experience.
- 5:57>> They really did. Mike Frink, who was the
- 6:00ISS commander during this mission, said
- 6:02the way the crew and ground teams
- 6:04handled everything made him more
- 6:06confident about human space exploration,
- 6:08not less. He specifically mentioned this
- 6:11bodess well for the upcoming Artemis
- 6:12program.
- 6:13>> I remember reading that they used the
- 6:15portable ultrasound machine on the ISS
- 6:18during this incident.
- 6:19>> Right. Think mentioned that during the
- 6:21press conference. He emphasized that
- 6:23while the ultrasound was extremely
- 6:24helpful, the ISS doesn't have the
- 6:27capacity for larger imaging equipment
- 6:28like MRI machines. Zena Cardman also
- 6:31pointed out that as we venture beyond
- 6:33low Earth orbit to the moon and
- 6:35eventually Mars, having better
- 6:37diagnostic and treatment tools on board
- 6:39will be a critical challenge to solve.
- 6:42>> How has this affected operations on the
- 6:44ISS? All their departure left only three
- 6:47people on the station. Two Russian
- 6:49cosminauts and one NASA astronaut who'd
- 6:52arrived on a soyuse capsule in November.
- 6:54That's significantly reduced from the
- 6:56typical crew of seven, which means fewer
- 6:59experiments and less maintenance can be
- 7:01performed. The next crew rotation, crew
- 7:0312, is scheduled to launch no earlier
- 7:06than February 15th. Despite the
- 7:08challenging circumstances, this really
- 7:10demonstrates the professionalism and
- 7:12preparedness of our space programs.
- 7:15>> Exactly. As Cardman emphasized,
- 7:17astronauts are the eyes and ears for
- 7:19researchers on the ground. And this
- 7:21experience will undoubtedly inform how
- 7:24we prepare for longer duration missions
- 7:26further from Earth. All right, shall we
- 7:28move on to a much happier space story?
- 7:31>> Absolutely. This past Tuesday, January
- 7:3420th, marked the 96th birthday of Buzz
- 7:37Aldrin, the second man to walk on the
- 7:39moon and now the oldest living
- 7:42astronaut.
- 7:43>> What an incredible milestone. Buzz
- 7:45Aldrin, born Edwin Eugene Uldren Jr. on
- 7:49January 20th, 1930 in Glenrich, New
- 7:52Jersey, made history alongside Neil
- 7:54Armstrong during the Apollo 11 landing
- 7:56in 1969.
- 7:58He was 39 years old when he stepped onto
- 8:00the lunar surface.
- 8:02>> I love the story behind his nickname.
- 8:04Did you know that his sister couldn't
- 8:06pronounce brother properly and called
- 8:07him Buzzer, which got shortened to Buzz?
- 8:10>> I did, and he liked it so much he
- 8:12legally changed his first name to Buzz
- 8:15in 1988. Now, it's worth noting that
- 8:18this past year hasn't been easy for
- 8:20Aldren. He lost his wife, Anka Fowler,
- 8:22last fall after a battle with cancer.
- 8:25They'd been married on his 93rd birthday
- 8:27in 2023.
- 8:28>> That's heartbreaking, but it sounds like
- 8:31he's surrounded by family now.
- 8:33>> Yes, his family posted an update in late
- 8:35December showing he's spending time with
- 8:37his children and grandchildren in Los
- 8:38Angeles, and they're planning to move
- 8:40him closer to family in Southern
- 8:42California. Despite his age and recent
- 8:45loss, he remains a cheerleader for NASA
- 8:47and space exploration.
- 8:49>> Speaking of which, the timing of his
- 8:50birthday is pretty special with the
- 8:52Aremis 2 mission coming up. Absolutely.
- 8:54The Aremis astronauts wished him a happy
- 8:56birthday this past weekend from Kennedy
- 8:58Space Center as their Orion spacecraft a
- 9:01top the space launch system rocket
- 9:03rolled out to launch pad 39B. It's the
- 9:06same pad that launched many Apollo
- 9:08missions.
- 9:09>> The Artemis 2 crew, NASA astronauts Reed
- 9:12Wisman, Victor Glover, Christina Cutch,
- 9:14and Canadian Space Agency astronaut
- 9:16Jeremy Hansen could launch as early as
- 9:18February 6th. They'll be the first
- 9:20humans to return to the vicinity of the
- 9:22moon since 1972.
- 9:25>> And they'll make history, too. Victor
- 9:27Glover will be the first black
- 9:28astronaut, Christina Coach the first
- 9:30woman, and Jeremy Hansen the first
- 9:33non-American to travel that far from
- 9:35Earth.
- 9:35>> What really struck me was how the
- 9:37Artemis astronauts talked about their
- 9:39connections to the Apollo program.
- 9:41>> Me, too. Reed Wiseman shared this great
- 9:44story about almost missing a call from
- 9:45Apollo 10's General Tom Stafford on the
- 9:48day he was selected for Artemis 2. He
- 9:51thought it was a telemarketer, but
- 9:52Stafford called to congratulate him and
- 9:54Wiseman said the Apollo astronauts are
- 9:56just so excited that we're headed back
- 9:58to the moon.
- 9:59>> Victor Glover mentioned carrying a bag
- 10:01of wisdom quotes from Apollo 9's Rusty
- 10:03Schwiker to the space station and he's
- 10:06planning to take it to the moon as well.
- 10:08And Christina Coach talked about Fred
- 10:09Hayes from Apollo 13 teasing her about
- 10:12breaking their distance record. She said
- 10:15that moment brought her into the Apollo
- 10:16camaraderie and she promised to carry
- 10:18that spirit forward.
- 10:20>> Jeremy Hansen's story is my favorite
- 10:22though. He saw a picture of Buzz or Neil
- 10:24on the moon as a kid, turned his
- 10:26treehouse into a spaceship, and here he
- 10:29is now about to go to the moon himself.
- 10:31>> It really shows the lasting impact of
- 10:33the Apollo program. Of the 12 men who
- 10:36walked on the moon, only four are still
- 10:38alive. Buzz Aldrin at 96, David Scott at
- 10:4193, Charles Duke at 90, and Harrison
- 10:44Schmidt at 90.
- 10:46>> Buzz Aldrin truly is a living legend,
- 10:48and his enthusiasm for the future of
- 10:50space exploration is inspiring. Happy
- 10:5396th birthday, Buzz.
- 10:55>> You're here. Now, let's shift gears and
- 10:57head out to Saturn's moon, Enceladus.
- 11:00Anna, this next story is about one of
- 11:02the most exciting places in our solar
- 11:04system. When it comes to the search for
- 11:06life, Saturn's moon, Enceladus.
- 11:08>> Oh, I love Enceladus. Those gorgeous
- 11:11plumes shooting out from the South Pole
- 11:13are just mesmerizing. What's the new
- 11:15development?
- 11:16>> A team of Japanese scientists has
- 11:18developed a new method for analyzing
- 11:20those plumes that could help us
- 11:21determine whether Enceladus' subsurface
- 11:24ocean is habitable. They're proposing to
- 11:26use Raymon spectroscopy to estimate the
- 11:29pH levels of the water being ejected
- 11:31from the moon. Raymond spectroscopy. Can
- 11:34you explain what that is for our
- 11:35listeners?
- 11:36>> Sure. Rayman spectroscopy is a technique
- 11:38that uses laser light to identify the
- 11:41molecular composition of materials. It's
- 11:43been used on several planetary missions,
- 11:45including on the Perseverance rover
- 11:47currently on Mars. The technique can
- 11:49identify different chemical compounds,
- 11:51and in this case, different pH levels.
- 11:54>> And why is pH so important for
- 11:56habitability? Well, the pH level tells
- 11:59us how acidic or alkaline the water is,
- 12:02which is crucial for understanding
- 12:03whether life as we know it could
- 12:05potentially exist there. Scientists have
- 12:07estimated that Enceladus' plumes likely
- 12:10have a pH somewhere between 8 and 12,
- 12:13which is weakly to strongly alkaline.
- 12:15>> So, how did they test this method?
- 12:18>> The researchers conducted laboratory
- 12:20experiments using carbonate salty fluid
- 12:22samples at different pH levels. They
- 12:25placed these samples in a vacuum chamber
- 12:27to simulate Enceladus' surface
- 12:29conditions, letting the fluid evaporate
- 12:32and freeze, leaving only the salt
- 12:34deposits behind. Then they used ramen
- 12:37spectroscopy instruments configured to
- 12:39simulate how they'd work on a future
- 12:41space mission.
- 12:42>> And were they successful?
- 12:44>> They were. The ramen spectroscopy
- 12:46successfully identified the different pH
- 12:49levels in each of the salt deposit
- 12:51samples. The researchers concluded that
- 12:53this technique could identify carbonate
- 12:55minerals on Enceladus's surface and
- 12:57potentially estimate the pH of the
- 13:00subsurface ocean.
- 13:01>> This is particularly clever because it
- 13:04means we wouldn't necessarily need to
- 13:05drill through the ice to sample the
- 13:07ocean directly.
- 13:09>> Exactly. The plumes are constantly
- 13:11depositing material on the surface. So,
- 13:14a lander could analyze these deposits
- 13:16and learn about the ocean below. It's a
- 13:18much more accessible approach than
- 13:20trying to penetrate kilome of ice.
- 13:23>> Remind me, what do we already know about
- 13:25Enceladus from the Cassini mission?
- 13:27>> Well, Cassini discovered the plumes back
- 13:29in the mid 2000s and even flew through
- 13:32them. The mission found mostly water
- 13:34ice, but also salt rich ice grains,
- 13:37organic molecules, hydrogen gas, and
- 13:40evidence of heat, all indicative of
- 13:42active geology and a warm subsurface
- 13:45ocean. And the presence of hydrogen gas
- 13:47was particularly exciting because it
- 13:49could be produced by hydrothermal vents
- 13:51on the ocean floor. Right.
- 13:53>> Exactly. That could provide a source of
- 13:56chemical energy for potential microbial
- 13:58life, similar to what we see around
- 14:00hydrothermal vents in Earth's deep
- 14:02oceans. Being able to measure the pH
- 14:05more accurately would be another crucial
- 14:07piece of the habitability puzzle.
- 14:10>> This really makes me excited for future
- 14:12missions to Enceladus. Hopefully, we'll
- 14:14see a dedicated mission there in the
- 14:15coming decades.
- 14:17>> Absolutely. The technology is there. We
- 14:19just need the mission. All right, let's
- 14:21head to Mercury for our next story.
- 14:24Avery, this next story reveals some
- 14:26surprising connections between Mercury
- 14:28and Earth. It turns out these two very
- 14:31different planets have more in common
- 14:33than we thought when it comes to their
- 14:34magnetospheres.
- 14:36>> That's right, Anna. An international
- 14:38team of researchers has discovered that
- 14:40natural electromagnetic waves called
- 14:42chorus emissions occur in Mercury's
- 14:45magnetosphere with strikingly similar
- 14:47characteristics to those found around
- 14:49Earth despite Mercury having a magnetic
- 14:52field only about 100th as strong.
- 14:55>> Chorus waves. That's such an evocative
- 14:57name. Can you explain what these are?
- 14:59>> Sure. Chorus waves are plasma waves that
- 15:02sound like bird song when converted to
- 15:04audio frequencies. They're created when
- 15:07electrons in a planet's magnetosphere
- 15:09interact with electromagnetic waves,
- 15:11producing these characteristic rising
- 15:14and falling tones.
- 15:15>> And why do we care about these waves
- 15:18>> on Earth? They play a crucial role in
- 15:20the Van Allen radiation belts. They can
- 15:22both accelerate particles to create the
- 15:24belts and also cause particles to rain
- 15:27down into the atmosphere, depleting
- 15:29them. Understanding these waves is
- 15:31important for space weather forecasting
- 15:33and protecting satellites from
- 15:35radiation.
- 15:36>> So, how did researchers make this
- 15:38discovery at Mercury?
- 15:40>> They use data from the Bey Columbo
- 15:42mission's magnetospheric orbiter called
- 15:44MO during six flybys of Mercury between
- 15:482021 and 2025. They combined this with
- 15:51decades of data from Earth's Geotail
- 15:54satellite which operated from 1992 to
- 15:562022. Why was Geotail particularly
- 16:00useful for comparison?
- 16:02>> Great question. Geotail observed Earth's
- 16:04magneto tail from about 10 Earth radi
- 16:07away, conditions that actually resemble
- 16:10Mercury's much smaller, more compact
- 16:12magnetosphere. This made it an excellent
- 16:15benchmark for comparison.
- 16:16>> What exactly did they find? The team
- 16:19identified rapid rising and falling
- 16:22frequency sweeps at Mercury, indicating
- 16:25the same kind of nonlinear coupling
- 16:27between electrons and waves that we see
- 16:30at Earth. They also found that the
- 16:32emissions were concentrated in the
- 16:34dawnside sector just like at Earth where
- 16:38energetic electrons preferentially
- 16:40stream through the magnetosphere.
- 16:42>> What surprised me about this is that
- 16:44Mercury has almost no atmosphere. I
- 16:47would have thought that would make a big
- 16:48difference.
- 16:49>> That's what scientists expected too.
- 16:52Earlier theories suggested that Mercury
- 16:55wouldn't have the cold or low energy
- 16:57electrons necessary to generate chorus
- 17:00waves. But this discovery confirms
- 17:03predictions from 2025 that these
- 17:05electrons do exist around Mercury.
- 17:09>> So what does this tell us about how
- 17:10universal these plasma processes are? It
- 17:13demonstrates that the mechanisms
- 17:15responsible for generating chorus
- 17:17emissions can operate across vastly
- 17:20different planetary environments. From
- 17:22Earth with its strong magnetic field and
- 17:25thick atmosphere to Mercury with its
- 17:27weak field and virtually no atmosphere,
- 17:30it's a universal plasma process.
- 17:33>> This has implications for other planets
- 17:35too, doesn't it?
- 17:37>> Absolutely. The researchers mentioned
- 17:39that this opens up systematic
- 17:40comparative studies of auroral and
- 17:43radiation processes at multiple planets
- 17:46including Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn. By
- 17:49understanding how these emissions work
- 17:51across different planetary systems, we
- 17:53can build a more complete picture of
- 17:56plasma physics throughout the solar
- 17:57system.
- 17:58>> And Mio is scheduled to enter Mercury
- 18:00orbit in late 2026. Right.
- 18:04>> That's correct. Once in orbit, Mia will
- 18:06be able to make much more detailed
- 18:08observations of how these emissions vary
- 18:10with location and how they interact with
- 18:13electron populations around Mercury. We
- 18:16should learn a lot more in the coming
- 18:18years.
- 18:18>> It's amazing how studying one planet
- 18:21helps us understand others. All right,
- 18:23let's wrap up with some solar science.
- 18:26For our final story today, Anna, we're
- 18:28heading to the sun to talk about some
- 18:30remarkable new insights into how solar
- 18:33flares actually work, courtesy of Solar
- 18:36Orbiter spacecraft. Solar flares are one
- 18:39of those phenomena that everyone's heard
- 18:41of and are certainly in the news this
- 18:43week. But I think many people don't
- 18:45really understand what's happening. What
- 18:47did Solar Orbiter discover? Well,
- 18:50researchers found that solar flares
- 18:52start with what they're calling a
- 18:54magnetic avalanche. Just like a snow
- 18:57avalanche starts with a small amount of
- 18:59snow movement and then cascades into
- 19:01something much larger, solar flares
- 19:03begin with initially weak magnetic
- 19:06disturbances that rapidly become more
- 19:08violent.
- 19:09>> That's a great analogy. How are they
- 19:12able to observe this? Solar Orbiter
- 19:14captured one of its most detailed views
- 19:16of a large solar flare during its
- 19:19September 30th, 2024 close approach to
- 19:22the sun. What made this observation
- 19:24special was the combination of four
- 19:27different instruments working together.
- 19:29The extreme ultraviolet imager along
- 19:31with spice sticks and fi.
- 19:34>> What kind of detail are we talking
- 19:36about? The highresolution imagery from
- 19:39the EUI instrument zoomed into features
- 19:42just a few hundred kilometers across in
- 19:45the sun's corona capturing changes every
- 19:482 seconds and the team was able to watch
- 19:51the buildup to the flare for about 40
- 19:53minutes before it erupted.
- 19:55>> That's incredibly fortunate timing.
- 19:58>> It really was. Praep Chittita from the
- 20:00Max Plank Institute for Solar System
- 20:02Research who led the study said they
- 20:05were very lucky to witness the precursor
- 20:07events in such beautiful detail. These
- 20:10kinds of high cadence observations take
- 20:12up enormous amounts of memory on
- 20:14spacecraft. So they can't do them all
- 20:16the time.
- 20:17>> So what actually happens during this
- 20:20magnetic avalanche? About 40 minutes
- 20:22before the main flare, the instruments
- 20:25observed a dark filament of twisted
- 20:27magnetic fields connected to a
- 20:29cross-shaped structure of progressively
- 20:31brightening magnetic field lines. New
- 20:34magnetic field strands appeared every 2
- 20:37seconds or less. Each one magnetically
- 20:39contained and becoming twisted like
- 20:41ropes.
- 20:42>> And then everything becomes unstable.
- 20:45>> Exactly. Just like in a typical
- 20:47avalanche, the region becomes unstable.
- 20:50The twisted strands begin to break and
- 20:52reconnect in what's called magnetic
- 20:55reconnection. This rapidly triggers a
- 20:57cascade of further destabilizations,
- 21:00creating progressively stronger
- 21:02reconnection events and outflows of
- 21:04energy visible as increasing brightness
- 21:06in the imagery.
- 21:07>> This is different from how scientists
- 21:09previously thought flares work.
- 21:11>> Scientists had proposed a simple
- 21:13avalanche model for explaining the
- 21:15collective behavior of thousands of
- 21:17flares on the sun and other stars. But
- 21:20it wasn't clear whether a single large
- 21:22flare could be described this way. This
- 21:24result shows that a flare isn't
- 21:26necessarily one coherent eruption, but
- 21:29can be a cascade of many interacting
- 21:31reconnection events.
- 21:33>> I read something about raining plasma
- 21:36blobs in this study.
- 21:37>> Yes, that's one of the most fascinating
- 21:39parts. The team observed ribbon-like
- 21:42features moving extremely quickly down
- 21:44through the sun's atmosphere even before
- 21:47the main episode of the flare. These
- 21:49streams of what they called raining
- 21:51plasma blobs are signatures of energy
- 21:54deposition. They get stronger as the
- 21:56flare progresses and continue even after
- 21:59the flare subsides.
- 22:00>> And they detected some seriously high
- 22:03energy particles too. Right.
- 22:05>> They did. The STIX instrument measured
- 22:08X-ray emission that rose dramatically
- 22:11during the flare. As reconnection events
- 22:13increased, particles were accelerated to
- 22:15speeds of 40 to 50% the speed of light.
- 22:18That's about 430 to 540 km hour.
- 22:23>> Those high energy particles can be
- 22:25dangerous for satellites and astronauts,
- 22:27can't they?
- 22:28>> Absolutely. They can escape into
- 22:30interplanetary space and pose radiation
- 22:32hazards to satellites, astronauts, and
- 22:35even earth-based technologies. That's
- 22:37why understanding this process is
- 22:39essential for forecasting space weather.
- 22:41>> What surprised the researchers most
- 22:44about this discovery?
- 22:45>> Cheetah said they didn't expect the
- 22:47avalanche process could lead to such
- 22:49high energy particles. They're excited
- 22:51to explore this further, but he
- 22:53mentioned they'd meet even higher
- 22:55resolution X-ray imagery from future
- 22:57missions to really untangle all the
- 22:59details.
- 23:00>> What does this mean for our
- 23:01understanding of flares on other stars?
- 23:04>> That's a great question. Miho Janvir,
- 23:07ISO Solar Orbiter co- project scientist,
- 23:10called this one of the most exciting
- 23:12results from Solar Orbiter so far. She
- 23:14said an interesting prospect is whether
- 23:16this avalanche mechanism happens in all
- 23:19flares and on other flaring stars as
- 23:21well. It really highlights how much we
- 23:23still have to learn about our own sun
- 23:25even as we explore the far reaches of
- 23:27the solar system.
- 23:29>> Absolutely. And that's the beauty of
- 23:31space science. There's always new
- 23:33mysteries to unravel. Well, that wraps
- 23:35up another packed episode of Astronomy
- 23:38Daily. We've covered everything from
- 23:40cuttingedge satellite technology to
- 23:43historic medical operations in space.
- 23:46From birthday celebrations to
- 23:48groundbreaking scientific discoveries,
- 23:50>> what a journey through the cosmos. From
- 23:53Blue Origin's ambitious Tarowave network
- 23:56to the first medical evacuation in ISS
- 23:59history. From Buzz Aldrin's 96th
- 24:01birthday to Enceladus' potentially
- 24:04habitable ocean, from Mercury's plasma
- 24:06waves to the sun's magnetic avalanches,
- 24:09there's never a dull moment in space
- 24:11exploration.
- 24:12>> If you enjoyed today's episode, make
- 24:14sure to subscribe to Astronomy Daily
- 24:16wherever you get your podcasts. We bring
- 24:18you the latest space and astronomy news
- 24:20every single day.
- 24:22>> And don't forget to follow us on social
- 24:24media for updates, bonus content, and to
- 24:26join our community of space enthusiasts.
- 24:29You can find all our episodes and more
- 24:31at astronomyaily.io.
- 24:33>> Thanks for joining us on this cosmic
- 24:35journey. Keep looking up. Clear skies,
- 24:38everyone.
- 24:39>> This has been Astronomy Daily. We'll see
- 24:41you tomorrow.
- 24:42>> Astronomy Daily.
- 24:53Stories told.