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034 - Xxxiv That Terms Applied To God And Creatures Are Employed Analogically · Summa Contra Gentiles, First Book (On God)

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  Speaker 1: Chapter thirty four of Summa Contragentilees, First Book on God
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  Speaker 1: by Saint Thomas aquinas translated by the Fathers of the
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  Speaker 1: English Dominican Province. This LibriVox recording is in the public domain.
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  Speaker 1: Chapter thirty four that terms applied to God and creatures
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  Speaker 1: are employed analogically. It follows, then, from what has been said,
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  Speaker 1: that those things which are said of God and other
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  Speaker 1: things are predicated neither unifically nor equivocally, but analogically, that is,
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  Speaker 1: according to an order or relation to some one thing.
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  Speaker 1: This happens in two ways. First, according as many things
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  Speaker 1: have a relation to some one thing. Thus, in relation
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  Speaker 1: to the one health, an animal is said to be
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  Speaker 1: healthy as its subject, medicine as effect thereof food as
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  Speaker 1: preserving it, and urine as its sign. Secondly, according as
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  Speaker 1: order or relation of two things may be observed not
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  Speaker 1: to some other thing, but to one of them. Thus
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  Speaker 1: being is said of substance and accident in so far
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  Speaker 1: as accident bears a relation to substance, and not as
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  Speaker 1: though substance and accident were referred to a third thing. Accordingly,
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  Speaker 1: such names are not said of God and other things analogically.
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  Speaker 1: In the first way, for it would be necessary to
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  Speaker 1: suppose something previous to God. But in the second way. Now,
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  Speaker 1: in this analogical predication, the relationship is sometimes found to
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  Speaker 1: be the same both as to the name and as
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  Speaker 1: to the thing, and sometimes it is not the same.
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  Speaker 1: For the relationship of the name is consequent upon the
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  Speaker 1: relationship of knowledge, since the name is the sign of
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  Speaker 1: intellectual conception. Accordingly, when that which comes first in reality
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  Speaker 1: is found to be first, also in knowledge, the same
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  Speaker 1: thing is found to be first, both as to the
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  Speaker 1: meaning of the name and as to the nature of
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  Speaker 1: the thing. Thus substance is prior to accident, both in
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  Speaker 1: nature inasmuch as substance is the cause of accident, and
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  Speaker 1: in knowledge inasmuch as substance is placed in the definition
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  Speaker 1: of accident. Wherefore being is said of substance previously to
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  Speaker 1: being said of accident, both in reality and according to
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  Speaker 1: the meaning of the word. On the other hand, when
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  Speaker 1: that which comes first according to nature comes afterwards according
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  Speaker 1: to knowledge, then in analogical terms, there is not the
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  Speaker 1: same order according to the real reality and according to
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  Speaker 1: the meaning of the name. Thus the healing power in
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  Speaker 1: health giving medicines is naturally prior to health than the
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  Speaker 1: animal as cause is prior to effect. Yet as we
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  Speaker 1: know this power through its effect, we name it from
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  Speaker 1: that effect. Hence it is that health giving is first
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  Speaker 1: in the order of reality, and yet healthy is predicated
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  Speaker 1: of animal first according to the meaning of the term. Accordingly,
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  Speaker 1: since we arrive at the knowledge of God from other things,
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  Speaker 1: the reality of the names predicated of God and other
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  Speaker 1: things is first in God according to his mode. But
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  Speaker 1: the meaning of the name is in him afterwards. Wherefore
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  Speaker 1: he is said to be named from his effects. End
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  Speaker 1: of Chapter thirty four read by Michael Shane, Craig, Lambert
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  Speaker 1: Elsie