Latest / SHULCHAN ARUCH YOMI: Own the Halacha in 25 minutes a day! / Yoreh De’ah 248:7-249:5. Tzedakah: Who May Not Give, Be Generous, How Much To Give, 20% or 10%, With a Smile, Encouraging Others

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Yoreh De’ah 248:7-249:5. Tzedakah: Who May Not Give, Be Generous, How Much To Give, 20% or 10%, With a Smile, Encouraging Others · SHULCHAN ARUCH YOMI: Own the Halacha in 25 minutes a day!

• 0:00
  OK, good morning. We are in Helkos Sedaka resh mem
• 0:04
  tet. We're going to start with Si Eve
• 0:07
  Zain. I'm just was reminded just to
• 0:09
  tell over a real quick story from the famous story of Ramosha
• 0:14
  where there is a Balchuva who got his father into learning.
• 0:18
  His father, I think, was a boxer, according to the story,
• 0:21
  and he got him to Start learning.
• 0:23
  And it took him very long time to to learn his first daf in
• 0:30
  Gomorrah. And so he asked our Moshe to if
• 0:33
  he can come, if they can do a seal, and if he can come for his
• 0:38
  learning, his first daf, which I think took months to accomplish.
• 0:43
  And so our Moshe came. He said you can because for him
• 0:45
  that's appropriate, an appropriate seal.
• 0:49
  And they made a seal. And then the story has it the
• 0:52
  next day the father who made a seal passed away just as another
• 0:58
  example of a seum. I began to made a seum when he
• 1:01
  finished, took years, finished learning masila sashim.
• 1:05
  But anyways, that said, yeah, he also added a massacre of Gemara
• 1:09
  to feel more comfortable. But OK, let's continue Sedaka
• 1:13
  where we are. Zain Adam Shoah, a person who
• 1:19
  either calls out, makes himself like he's a, a noble, a rich
• 1:24
  man, a a Maher. Shinotain It could be an
• 1:28
  adjective, could be a verb. Unclear Shinotain.
• 1:31
  It's from the Rambam. Shinotain Sidaka yatira mera
• 1:34
  lilo. He gives, he says he's going to
• 1:36
  give or he tries to give more sidaka than he can afford, but
• 1:40
  he because he wants to show off. Oh shimait SER la oxmo venotain
• 1:45
  la gabaye kadesh shaloh intubayesh or he can't afford it
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  and but he gives more because he is embarrassed to give less.
• 1:55
  Everyone else is giving. How could he not give?
• 1:57
  So it's Usser with Tovo. Oh look, I bought me men with
• 2:00
  sedaka. And so the Gabi who collects the
• 2:04
  money, it's usser for him to go collect, even though he made
• 2:09
  another to, to give the money. It's usser for the Gabbai Sidaka
• 2:14
  to take the money and to collect it.
• 2:16
  And even to take it, he has to write the Kumar, the story when
• 2:20
  a certain rabbi, I forget he, he used to be, he used to give all
• 2:24
  of his money to Sidaka. So the the Gabbai and when they
• 2:27
  see him coming, they would have run away from him because it's
• 2:29
  usser to take from someone who can't afford it.
• 2:32
  The gabbai Shamakhlaimov ishar al Menu and a Gabbai who goes to
• 2:36
  him after he pledges, he says new where's your money?
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  Where's your money? And you keep telling me you're
• 2:41
  going to give. And when the person can't afford
• 2:45
  it and he's embarrassing and his body is pestering him, Atita
• 2:49
  Karoshbaru the parami Emmanuel Karoshbaru's going to punish
• 2:54
  this ghabite Sedaka. OK, so don't collect when the
• 2:58
  the giver can't afford it. Cut.
• 3:02
  I wrote the new Scott La Osmo. So this is from the Russian from
• 3:08
  the Rambam he talks about. This is in from the end of East
• 3:12
  Surrey Mizvaya. Most of his sedaka is in Matanus
• 3:18
  Ani in Azran anyway. Herothos.
• 3:25
  If a person wants to Mizaka himself merit himself to to get
• 3:32
  him a better place in Ola Mahaba, to be a better person,
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  he shall. He should force his Yeh Sahara,
• 3:39
  he should overcome his Yeh Sahara, the Yarakhi Viado, and
• 3:43
  he should be extremely generous, the code of our Shahu le shame
• 3:47
  Hashem Yeh Mahatov Vihayafa. And whenever he is, whenever
• 3:55
  he's going to give he should or whatever he should do, it should
• 3:58
  always whatever's done, the shame Hashem, it should always
• 4:01
  be from the best should be from the good, from the best, the
• 4:05
  nicest, the IME. For example, IM bana bait fila,
• 4:11
  you bait yeshiva to if you're going to come to build a bait
• 4:16
  Knesset. So then you should make it nicer
• 4:20
  than your house. If you're going to feed or when
• 4:26
  you're going to feed someone who's hungry, give them from the
• 4:33
  better food, the sweeter food that you have from your table,
• 4:36
  from your kitchen. If you're going to give them
• 4:41
  clothing, don't give them torn, ugly, unfashionable clothing.
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  You should give them the better clothing Hiktishtavar yaktisht
• 4:50
  mehayafeshwar. If you are going to donate and
• 4:54
  designate it's a it's a place of kodish to donate.
• 4:58
  You should give from your better stuff.
• 5:02
  Hein who Omer and this is the Rambam's interpretation.
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  Not positive if it's more of a homiletics of drash or the shot
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  but the Rambam writes this is part of the shot in by Euchre
• 5:16
  Gilmore talks about giving carbonos.
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  It says Kochelev la shem. So that means you're supposed to
• 5:23
  give the choices from the better to Hashem right?
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  The the Shulkanora quotes part of the Rambam, not all of it.
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  Couple points from the Rambam and you see it inside over
• 5:36
  there. It points out that's why Khazal.
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  They may go through a whole tumult to establish which oil is
• 5:43
  better than the next. He says they're all kosher
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  forgiven for the for manacos, for the flower offerings.
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  But Hazal still make an point of stressing which oil is better.
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  Why? So that you should know that if
• 5:58
  you can afford it, you should know which one to buy because
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  that's the one you should give, should always give from the the
• 6:05
  best. And he also points out we know
• 6:08
  this famous story from Heavil and Cayen.
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  Cayen gave me 3 just from the fruits just random.
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  It doesn't say MI re sheet so 'cause I'll say it means I mean
• 6:19
  hagarua, some of the worst fruit that he didn't really or produce
• 6:23
  he didn't really want to eat anyway so but Hevel gave
• 6:28
  nibiharozano from the before the 1st, which is always considered
• 6:31
  the best will make hell of a hen part of the Chagas.
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  It means he gave from the fatter the better of his flock.
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  And for that, Hashem listened to Hevel and didn't listen to kind.
• 6:44
  Yeah, I'll just point out real quick from the Birke Yosef on
• 6:47
  this Halatha. So he points out, not that you
• 6:49
  should have ulterior motives, but it's good to give, always
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  give from the best and and do your Max.
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  And it's also to motivate yourself.
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  It's also good to imagine as if someone's watching.
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  He points out by Boaz Boaz, he just gave.
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  He wasn't super, he was generous, but he wasn't super
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  generous with root. If you would have known that the
• 7:11
  whole story would have been written up about him in the
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  paper. So then he would have given him
• 7:17
  the best and he would have cooked it for her and the
• 7:21
  kool-aid and given given her given her the best fat cattle of
• 7:26
  the koolaid. Also, he reminds us of the
• 7:30
  Gemara, very nice Gemara Sanhedrin, and then we'll
• 7:32
  conclude this. Simon Sanhedrin Kuf Dalid on the
• 7:35
  base, on the bottom, discusses by Shlomo Hamela in the Gemara.
• 7:41
  They were deciding and they were probably they were planning to
• 7:45
  put him in the list of those who do not get Ola Mahaba.
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  They don't. He doesn't deserve it.
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  He what he didn't end up so good.
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  However, David comes to the comes down and rises from the
• 7:57
  dead and comes to the Kakami and say, but it's my son.
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  He's a he's a great guy. They didn't listen to him.
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  Then a Shamina Shamayan comes down in front of them and
• 8:08
  scorches their their wooden benches.
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  They don't listen. A Bosco comes down and tells
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  them, listen, my son, my, my, my, my beloved Shalomo, when he
• 8:21
  built the base on Migdash, which did he build first?
• 8:25
  Because this has to do with what he do first.
• 8:27
  He built the his, the base on Migdash first or he built his
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  own house first. So it says he built the base on
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  Migdash first. Not only that it took him seven
• 8:37
  years because he was, he did it with zeal Zreisus, but but when
• 8:43
  he came to his own house, it took him 13 years because he was
• 8:46
  more lazy and not as motivated for his own house.
• 8:50
  So you see, that's the proper way.
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  So he says the Bosco says, see, look how great shomo is, let him
• 8:56
  in. And they say we don't listen
• 8:58
  well, but shaman basically. And then the Bosco comes down
• 9:02
  and says, finally, listen, you hakamim have jurisdiction over
• 9:09
  halacha, but you don't have jurisdiction over deciding
• 9:13
  matters. And Olam Haba and Ganadin
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  Gehennam, that's not your jurisdiction.
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  And so they finally give in and they they count them among those
• 9:22
  who are going to get Olam Haba and Ganadin Bekole.
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  So that's the story. But there you see that Shlomo
• 9:28
  first put his emphasis on building the base on megdash.
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  OK, Simon Resh Mamtet Kamukhaya retain the keitzad ET anena.
• 9:38
  All right, so how much does one give for Sidaka olive shiur nati
• 9:41
  nata IMI adomasagit hitein kefitzoraka anime?
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  A person can afford it, so you give as much as they need.
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  But if he doesn't have enough money to feed all the anime that
• 9:55
  they need or whatever they're missing, then used to, we'll see
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  Hitein ad homesh nekhasov. So that's mitzvah Minamovkar is
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  to give 20% of your possessions or as we're going to see, once
• 10:10
  you do that every year forward, it means 20% of your income and
• 10:16
  your profits, your profits, right?
• 10:18
  The ephod miya Sara. But what we're all used to
• 10:22
  hearing is miser, 10% miser Xofim.
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  That's only a MI da benonit. That's not generous.
• 10:29
  That's really your minimum to be a, a good Jew, not not generous
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  Jew, but a good Jew. That's your, that's the minimum
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  Mikan Pakod Mikan I in Rahab. But if you give less than 10%,
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  then you have your stingy bad eye, the homeless Zesh amru.
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  Now when we say this 20 or 20% or 10% Shana Rishona Mccarran,
• 10:59
  that's your first year from what you your possessions, your
• 11:02
  assets or cash, OK, not sure if it means assets or cash.
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  Maybe it's the same Mikan Veila from now on.
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  So then it's 20% from your profits every year.
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  Haga the al you Vaz raise Adam you're terribly hommesh and
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  Nagas says but don't give more than a hommesh because then you
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  might end up Haas vishalam and eating to the briote.
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  If you don't. If you give away too much then
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  you won't be able to live to your standards or can affect
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  your running your business and it can not go well for you and
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  your family. OK, some point out so really
• 11:53
  many point out you're not allowed to give more, but some
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  say you are allowed or many say you're allowed to give more if
• 11:59
  you are an usher and mouflug if you're extremely wealthy.
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  So then most say you are allowed to give or should give.
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  It's OK the dafka koliamehaya. Now This is why you're alive
• 12:13
  because you need the money for yourself.
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  I'll be shot motel. But when a person is sees he's
• 12:18
  about to pass away. Yeah, I just visited my aunt
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  who's basically entered at a Hospice.
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  So sometimes you get you get a you know when a person is going
• 12:29
  to go, especially with cancer for kool-aid Yahoo Adam Litaine
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  Sedaka Koma shirts A person's allowed to give as much as you
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  or she wants. You know, she should have.
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  It's IBA bhat niima coma, at least painless coma Shi yurza.
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  A person's allowed to give whatever he wants when he's
• 12:50
  going to pass away The ane la so you don't have that same cap,
• 12:57
  the ane la sot NI masa shalo davar mitzvah now.
• 13:01
  So let's read this whole haggad. It's a little bit confusing.
• 13:06
  Or a mahogas. So he writes when you're giving
• 13:09
  Meister, it should not go towards your Meister money.
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  You shouldn't go towards a mitzvah Kegon nerot lebate
• 13:17
  Knesset for the candles of a bait Knesset.
• 13:20
  So what exactly is you're referring to as it you have an
• 13:24
  obligation to give the money and therefore you have to give
• 13:27
  already? Is it just extra beautifying for
• 13:30
  the Nerot or it's something that's you needed to do?
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  I think we all agree it shouldn't be used for, let's
• 13:37
  say, buying a Lula Vanessa. That's a mitzvah.
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  Sedaka doesn't go for that doesn't apply for that O
• 13:43
  shardavar mitzvah or other types of mitzvah rock Yitsunula anim,
• 13:48
  Sedaka must go towards anim. Now we're going to see that this
• 13:54
  face value, the way you might read this, it doesn't quite make
• 13:57
  sense or match up. We know giving to the show
• 14:00
  Kanak's about to say it if we get there today or tomorrow,
• 14:04
  giving money to a bait Knesset is certainly Sedaka.
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  So the so first of all, some disagree straight out with this
• 14:16
  reading of the of the of the Rama.
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  And some say, well, it means if you're obligated to give anyway.
• 14:24
  So then you can't use your miser for it.
• 14:27
  But if you're going to, if you don't have to give to the show
• 14:30
  for a reason or whatever the Sedaka is, but you choose to to
• 14:37
  obligate yourself as a generous donation.
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  So then you are high of you can't, the TAZ says you can't
• 14:45
  pay taxes with Meister, right. That's in general, by the way,
• 14:50
  just the rules of taxes in Sedaka are certainly different.
• 14:54
  I'm not going to compare them right now, but they don't run on
• 14:57
  the same the same. Yeah, I'll just read a little
• 15:00
  bit from the TAZ and the shock they point out that the shock
• 15:04
  points out from Maharami Rotenberg.
• 15:06
  If you are supporting your older children who are able to take
• 15:10
  care of themselves, but but they need help, so that's certainly
• 15:15
  considered Sedaka. You know if you have your little
• 15:19
  kids that they need you so they're helpless.
• 15:22
  So that's generally from your own pocket, not from Sedaka.
• 15:25
  But if you have older children, obviously it's better if they're
• 15:30
  self-sufficient, but depending, you know, in Matara, they need
• 15:34
  help. So then it can be used towards
• 15:38
  Sedaka. What else does he say?
• 15:39
  What about buying books? If you need books in order to
• 15:44
  learn? If you need books in order to
• 15:46
  learn, you can't afford it. So then if you wouldn't have
• 15:50
  bought the books anyway because you can't afford it and the only
• 15:55
  way to do it is with Sedaka, so then you're allowed to also.
• 16:02
  So that's very interesting to the taz writes.
• 16:04
  If you're going to buy books from Mysert Sedaka, the taz
• 16:08
  writes Lee Nira, he writes Nira Lee, that you have to write in
• 16:13
  the books. It's purchased from Meisser and
• 16:16
  therefore your children know it's not yours, it's not theirs.
• 16:21
  It belongs for for everybody. So that's interesting.
• 16:26
  I don't know if everyone would agree with that, but that's OK.
• 16:31
  It's consistent at least. OK, what else if they that's
• 16:39
  also could be for Sedaka. Anyway, we're going to get into
• 16:42
  more sedaka, obviously, as we keep reading.
• 16:45
  Let's start with, continue with bet.
• 16:48
  Now, the absolute minimum that a person must give in order so
• 16:58
  that he could be makayam the mitzvah sedaka and not be over a
• 17:01
  lob of nagda vin sedaka. Everyone must give at least 1/3
• 17:07
  of a shekel every year. We've not done pahote mizay.
• 17:12
  Look, mitzvah sedaka, if you gave less, you didn't fulfill
• 17:15
  it. What is 1/3 of a shekel?
• 17:18
  So you take the the weight of a shekel.
• 17:23
  I'll just rattle off the grams for you.
• 17:25
  So let's see, perhaps the most common number that's used from
• 17:32
  Okhayim Naya is ripe as a bit. It goes by weight, how much the,
• 17:37
  the, you know, weigh the barley. And it's been established with
• 17:40
  doros how much it is maybe in Durhams.
• 17:43
  Whatever the weight, according to Okhayim Naya, it's 19.2g.
• 17:49
  According to the Khazanish, it's 20.25 grams.
• 17:52
  According to the Benishe, it's 18.6g of silver, silver.
• 17:56
  According to the Rambam that many say the shot is based on
• 17:59
  his Durhams, it's 17 grams. Anyways, most go buy the I think
• 18:04
  18 or 19 grams. Whatever.
• 18:05
  Whoever it is, it's not a big difference.
• 18:08
  And what's a third of it based on modern day in May 2026, how
• 18:13
  much silver is worth comes out to about 100.
• 18:17
  It's very rough. What I'm telling you, it's about
• 18:19
  150 shekel. 1/3 is 50 shekel, or again very very approximate and
• 18:25
  it changes every day around $17.00 a year. $17.50 shekel is
• 18:32
  roughly what's the bare minimum, and I hope everyone is doing way
• 18:36
  more than that per year. Gimel sedaka beserver panemia
• 18:40
  vote the Simcha a person has to give sedaka when he gives it
• 18:45
  with a smile, with happiness who bit to leave of with a full
• 18:50
  heart. Oh meet onenima onion but
• 18:53
  sorrow. And you should show your plight,
• 18:56
  your sorrow, your suffering with the onion, with his sorrow you
• 19:00
  should show your compassion and empathy.
• 19:04
  Umedaberlo divra tanhumim and words of comfort.
• 19:08
  We even not to know but panim zoophil.
• 19:10
  But if you give it with with an unhappy face or an angry face.
• 19:15
  Vera oat mop seed Zakuto you lose your entire as huss.
• 19:21
  Not only that, even if you the shock says, even if you give a
• 19:24
  lot of money, you're still over the the love, the low gira
• 19:29
  lavaca. Your heart should not be evil or
• 19:33
  bad with him. Maybe you technically are
• 19:36
  Makayam a mitzvah of Sedaka, but you are losing.
• 19:40
  You're getting a bigger avera than a mitzvah, that's for sure.
• 19:43
  So better not to give a little better to give just control your
• 19:46
  control your face. Even if you're not so happy on
• 19:50
  the inside, show your happiness because so important for how you
• 19:56
  do it and the Annie how he receives it dollar in Shaloha
• 20:02
  Annie the and Annie comes to you and says I need Sadaka.
• 20:08
  You don't have. Don't yell at him and raise your
• 20:12
  voice on him. Ella ya Faisen will be dividing
• 20:15
  and you should speak to him nicely.
• 20:17
  Viera Libo had told Sharit Sono again Litaine Low that you show
• 20:21
  him that you want to give him Alicia Enya del Masaga you also
• 20:25
  can't afford or you don't have money on your pocket.
• 20:27
  Haga vasur lahaxia. That's why some people when they
• 20:31
  come to show, they make sure they bring coins with them or
• 20:35
  some of the opposite, they make sure they don't bring any money
• 20:37
  with them so that they don't have what to give can go in
• 20:40
  either direction. But obviously again, we're going
• 20:42
  to see again, we're going to keep reading.
• 20:44
  It's important to give. You should give maybe not so
• 20:47
  much. OK, let's, let's let's keep
• 20:49
  reading. Inside hagah we have sur lahasir
• 20:52
  haani asho El raykum afilo a nothing Iraq Roger akhat
• 20:57
  shinamar al yeshu dach nick lum right?
• 21:01
  You should never leave someone turn an honey away.
• 21:03
  At least give him something, a coin.
• 21:06
  I don't know whether it's half a shackle, I don't know. 10
• 21:09
  aggarotta counts and nickel. I'm not sure anymore if it
• 21:12
  counts, but something. If you think it's going to upset
• 21:15
  him, then then baby, don't give him or tell him you don't have
• 21:19
  whatever. Whatever the situation is.
• 21:21
  Promotious story of giving him a bag of pennies.
• 21:25
  I don't know. I don't know.
• 21:26
  Hey. But again, it depends how you
• 21:28
  give. That's really what it is.
• 21:30
  Well, both is important. It's great to make other people
• 21:36
  give Sedaka to encourage others. I'll just mention it here.
• 21:40
  I'm not sure if we'll come up to a similar topic.
• 21:42
  Should you put your name on a building or a name on the wall
• 21:45
  when you make a donation? So if the purpose is to show
• 21:49
  off, so obviously that's you shouldn't doesn't mean you
• 21:52
  can't, but that's not the way to give is to show off.
• 21:56
  However, right, That's sneeze. That's the real sneeze.
• 21:59
  That's sneeze. However, some point out that if
• 22:05
  your name goes on the wall and your buddy over there is going
• 22:08
  to oh, if he gave that much, I'm going to double what he gives.
• 22:11
  So my name is even bigger. Or just you're, you know, you're
• 22:15
  pushing the friends. Even if it's not a huge wall,
• 22:17
  it's for a, a shelf for, I don't know, a column or a shelf of
• 22:22
  books or for one clumish, if putting your name in there helps
• 22:29
  others to, to give to to encourage others.
• 22:35
  Thank you. So then you should then perhaps
• 22:38
  or probably you should put your name on there.
• 22:41
  OK, anyway. But if you're able to go around
• 22:44
  and get other people to give. So then that's a great mitzvah.
• 22:47
  If you're really collecting for yourself.
• 22:49
  I don't know if this applies right if you're taking a 2050%
• 22:53
  cut, but the idea is encouraging other people to give sidaka
• 22:57
  certainly scaro gadot MI Sahara notain.
• 23:01
  You get more reward by making other people give than just
• 23:04
  giving yourself. And maybe you have to raise more
• 23:06
  than you would give yourself, I don't know.