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Super Puffy Exoplanet Has a Thermometer Molecule · Made of Stars

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  Warning. The following podcast contains an entertaining look at astronomy, physics, and
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  space news throughout the known universe. Listeners have been known to learn about astronomical
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  phenomenon the scientific method and expand their vocabulary to include terms like quasar asterism and
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  uranus. Listen, that's your own risk. Go ahead. Where made of
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  Stars, Made of Stars, made Sie, Where stars you could be from
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  Highywood, New Mexico, Mars. Where Stars we are made of Stars.
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  I'm West Carroll, joined by my good friend doctor Sean Cruizen from Columbus State
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  Universities Coca Cola Space Science Center. Mornan, Sean, good morning, lest
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  good to be here. It is officially dragon Con Thursday, and we're gonna
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  do this and then I'm gonna get on the road and get to dragon Con.
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  That's what we do. But today's show is this show episode of Made
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  of Stars is sponsored by the Dragon Con pregame show that is sponsored by Columbus
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  State University's Coca Cola Space Science Center. And we are proud to be a
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  sponsor of that pregame show because we understand that the inspiration of science fiction helps
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  drive a lot of people into the sciences, and so we know that the
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  curiosity about what could be inspires people to go after and find out what really
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  is. And so that's kind of that's the connection that we make. If
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  you talk to pretty much anybody who's in the field of physics for astronomy,
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  they're going to have some kind of touch point with science fiction along the way
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  that helped inspire them to go into those fields. And so we really recognize
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  that there's a strong connection there, which is why we support the dragon Confree
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  game show. And this year talking with Adam Savage from MythBusters on the pregame
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  show, and I had to ask him some questions about stem about the fact
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  that, you know, his show MythBusters inspired so many people. There's a
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  whole genera We always talk about the significance of things like Star Trek and its
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  impact on like people of your generation, there's a whole generation later, you
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  know, down the line that watched MythBusters and said, you know, and
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  they joke, you know, the show is like, you know, four
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  percent real science and then the rest of it is just them trying to blow
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  stuff up. But in reality, that was part of them going through a
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  process trying to determine and trying to prove things, and I just couldn't help.
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  But uh, you know, with a chance to talk with him and
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  ask him about that's got to be it's got to feel great knowing that so
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  many people went into those fields because of you. And he said, really,
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  it's it's overwhelming. But that he said, ultimately they just knew that
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  they were onto something because they were enjoying what they were doing on the show,
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  and then everything else, of course, is a bonus to go with
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  that. But that's one of the questions that I talked with him or asked
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  him, and we talked about that particular topic on the pregame show and that
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  podcast. Wherever you're hearing this podcast, you can hear the dragon Con Pregame
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  Show podcast, and then interviews with other guests from the past are also up.
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  Some of those guests will be in attendance to dragon Con this year.
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  And the other guest that is now MythBusters is not a show that's part of
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  the strike, that is not something that when they worked on it, it's
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  what they call struck work. So we can we can talk about MythBusters,
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  we can't talk about the movies and other projects that Adam Savage worked on.
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  We can talk about his website tested. But Phil Lamar, who is a
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  very talented actor, voice actor, he's in TV, film, animation,
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  video games, we can't talk about his projects because of the strike. We're
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  respecting their rules for that. But you know Phil Lamar, trust me,
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  you know Phil Lamar. You're can look him up. And then we talked
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  with a cous player and twitch gamer, Angie Starr. But all that's there,
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  And I appreciate you guys sponsoring our coverage yet again, all these years,
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  you guys have been very supportive of what we do when we go to
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  dragon Con and cover that event. Well, we're proud of the partnerships again
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  West that we have with you. And again we can do things to inspire
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  people to look a little deeper into the sciences because they're curious from the arena
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  of science fiction. And you know, the reason the word science is in
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  science fiction is because it's based on science. Right, So it's the kind
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  of what if, what if we combine these scientific principles and then imagine this
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  new thing. Well, honestly, when scientists are looking into new areas,
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  that's what they're doing. They're saying Hey, we we understand the laws of
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  physics, what if we apply it to this new circumstance or situation or phenomenon
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  that we see in outer space, And so it's really kind of a similar
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  process. And plus we're a bunch of geeks too, so we like sci
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  fi. So so yeah, we really do appreciate what you do in the
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  coverage and what you do to bring really fine guests, like all the ones
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  you just mentioned. But you know, I'm going to just go ahead and
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  geek out, particularly Adam Savage. I have to admit that my son is
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  one of those inspired by the MythBusters generation because he sat that was that was
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  musty TV at our house. We sat around and watched you know, it
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  was appointment television. We sat around and watched all of the MythBusters episodes.
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  And now my son is a test engineer for an aerospace company, so you
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  know, he's kind of doing the MythBusters thing on real space ships now,
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  so pretty fun stuff. Yeah, there you go, And we have another
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  guest I didn't mention on the pregame show. It's guy doctor Sean Cruisen,
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  and he talks about some of the actual science that will inspire science fiction moving
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  forward, and it was fun having you on there. We usually get you
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  on to talk about something related to this topic, but that was a great
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  addition of the show this year, just talking about some of the new discoveries
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  and things that we cover on this show that will affect science fiction moving forward.
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  So speaking of that, let's talk about some science now, because we
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  do have some stories. I guess we should start with last night's blue supermoon
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  because a lot of people were talking about that, and I think a lot
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  of people still don't have a great understanding of exactly what it means to be
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  a blue moon, a supermoon, and especially not a blue supermoon. Well,
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  and there's another weird term called blood moon that floats around out there,
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  and you know, people people consider that to be a reference to a lunar
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  eclipse. But let me just say that prior to about ten or fifteen years
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  ago, I had never heard that term before applied to a lunar eclipse.
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  The point is, these terms kind of get hung on things and people don't
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  necessarily understand what they mean. But for these two terms, they have very
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  specific meanings. And the first we're going to talk about is what's called a
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  super moon. So if you've heard the term supermoon before, that's because there
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  is a full moon that corresponds in time to the Moon being near its closest
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  approach to the Earth. You see, the Moon's orbit around the Earth is
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  kind of a stretched out circle called an ellipse, and so sometimes the Moon
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  can be a little farther away, and sometimes it can be a little closer
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  to the Earth. Well, if that close point called perege happens at the
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  same time that it's a full moon, then the moon looks a little brighter
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  in the sky than it would at other full moons, a little bit bigger
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  in the sky. And so that has come to be coined in kind of
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  a contemporary sense. It's a fairly modern term as a supermoon, and the
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  supermoon has a specific definition it's within ninety percent of parag So when we talk
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  about the supermoon, astronomers have now defined the term to say, well,
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  if it's in within ninety percent of its closest approach to the Earth at the
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  same time that it is a full moon, we're going to now designate that
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  as a supermoon. And what you can guarantee is that if you see the
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  moon on one of these nights where it is a supermoon full moon at parag
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  or near parag, the moon's gonna look just brighter in the sky. It's
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  noticeably brighter. It is, at least for a long term skywatcher like myself.
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  I can go out there and tell yep, that moon is just a
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  tad brighter than it normally is at full phase. And so so that's that's
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  what the supermoon designation is. Now let's take on the second one, the
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  blue moon. You might have understand that once in a blue moon means it
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  almost never ever happens. That's kind of the way we colloquially use that phrase
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  in our society. But the but the actual astronomical term blue moon means two
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  full moons in the same calendar month, like August, for instance, And
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  so that's what's happening this time. This is the second full moon in the
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  month of August. In the year of twenty twenty three, the first full
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  moon occurred on August first. Now, see here's the thing. The distance
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  in time between two full moons is twenty nine and a half days, which
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  is almost the length of the month, which means if you're going to have
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  two full moons in the same month, you have to have that first one
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  very early on, sometime within the first two days of the month. And
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  that's what happened this month August first, the first full moon that was called
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  the Sturgeon moon, and that first moon occurred on first full moon occurred on
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  August first. And now a second full moon has occurred night Wednesday night on
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  the thirtieth of August. And that one, because it is the second full
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  month within the calendar month of August, is called the is called the blue
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  moon. So so blue moon, second full moon in the calendar month of
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  August twenty twenty three. I had a friend in high school named Benjie.
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  He was Superman. I don't have to tell you any stories. I'll just
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  tell you that when whenever Superman was around, it was a scene. Man.
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  That's all I can tell you. All Right, let's talk about the
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  uh, let's talk about the super puffy exo planet that has the thermometer molecule.
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  What is the thermometer molecule and how does that work? I mean,
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  where's Benji today? This is what I need to know. Whatever happened,
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  Maybe I don't really need to know. Okay, So yeah, I know
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  where he is today. It would be very comical if you knew where he
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  was in the middle between high school and what he's doing today, that particular
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  profession would be comical. But anyway, let's just put it this way.
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  It would have been appropriate to call him the Blue Superman. That's as big
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  of a hint as I can tell you. But you know, I mean,
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  he had a job that involved carrying a gun, That's all I'm telling
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  you. So all right, well you know, here's here's the Blue Superman's
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  Okay, what about planets that are like big marshmallows. That's weird. And
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  there is one, and it's called Wasp thirty one B. And so what
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  is Wasp thirty one B. Well, it's a planet about one and a
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  half times wider than our planet Jupiter, the larger largest planet in our Solar
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  system. But here's the weird thing. It only has about half the mass
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  of Jupiter. So again one and a half times wider, but only half
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  the mass. That means the density of this planet is super low. It's
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  only about thirteen percent of the density of Jupiter, which comes out to be
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  about one point one seven grams per cubic centimeter point one seven. Now,
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  if you remember, water is one gram per cubics animeter. So if you
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  could take this puffy planet, Wasp thirty one B and find it, you
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  know, a home in a lake near you, it would float on water.
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  Right, that's just that's just the idea. And that's also true of
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  the planet Saturn in our own Solar system. But Saturn is still about six
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  times more dense than this planet. So this thing really is the state puff
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  marshmallow man of planets. Wait, was that is that against the writers strike
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  of I didn't say what movie is from anyway, it's it's a big marshmallow
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  weed planet, and so it's the planet. Wasp thirty one B is a
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  strange world. Now. Part of the reason it's so puffy is because it's
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  really close to its parents star. It's what we call a hot Jupiter,
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  and it gets the name name Jupiter because it's about the same size as Jupiter,
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  or roughly the class of size of Jupiter. But it's hot because it's
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  so close to its parents star. In fact, it orbits in about three
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  and a half days all the way around the star. So a year on
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  Wasp thirty one B is only about three and a half days. So that
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  gives you an idea that it's just a weird place in a weird location,
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  and it's a weird it's got weird physical conditions. Now in that marshmallowy world,
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  astronomers have identified for the very first time a very interesting molecule called chromium
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  hydride, and that's the thermometer molecule, because chromium hydride can only exist in
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  a very rare and a very narrow range of fairly high temperatures somewhere between seventeen
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  hundred degrees fahrenheit and thirty one hundred and forty degrees fahrenheit. Any hotter than
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  that, then it just breaks apart that molecule and you just simply get chromium.
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  Any lower than seventeen hundred degrees which is still pretty hot. Any lower
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  temperature than that, then the compound begins to add other substances to it and
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  it becomes a different compound. So the season they call this thing the thermometer
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  molecule is because if you know you locate chromium hydride in the spectrum of some
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  object out there in outer space, you instantly know that the temperature of that
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  object is between seventeen hundred thirty one hundred degrees fahrenheit. So it gets you,
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  it locks you in on that temperature range just simply by observing that that
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  molecule exists. Now typically, and I mean every time, but this time
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  we've ever discovered chromium hydride. It's always been in the atmosphere of stars,
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  not planets. So that's what makes the weird marshmallow planet even more strange,
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  because this is the very first time we've ever found chromium hydride in the spectrum
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  of any planet, so only stars till now. But in this hot Jupiter,
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  we now find the metal hydride called chromium hydride, and we suddenly instantly
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  know that the temperature of that star is between I'm sorry, that tempature that
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  planet is between seventeen hundred and thirty degrees fahrenheit, a temperature range typically reserved
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  for stars. So this is just a weird object in a weird place,
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  and it's a great first find for astronomers, and they can now begin to
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  look for the same compound, the same molecule in the atmospheres of other exoplanets
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  to help determine the temperature and conditions on those worlds. Orbiting other stars fascinating.
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  And my biggest takeaway is that I have a new expression now whenever I
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  get excited, I'm gonna say, hot Jupiter. I like it. Yeah,
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  I like it. I think we need to post a video of you
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  actually doing that had dragons. We can make that happen, all right,
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  So the New Horizons mission needs your help. It does, and actually it
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  already got my help. What it needs is all the rest of it,
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  everyone else's help. And I'm gonna tell you right now just for the record,
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  and this is not This is the first time I've ever advocated for anybody
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  going to change dot org for anything. Never done that before, so this
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  is a first for me. Meet me. Also, it's the first petition
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  I've ever signed on change dot Org. And let me tell you why I
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  jumped in. By the way, you can read about this article on astronomy
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  dot com that I'm about to talk about. But the New Horizons Mission,
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  let's talk a little bit about what that was. First, that was the
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  very first spacecraft to visit the planet and now dwarf planet Pluto. So the
• 16:41
  New Horizons spacecraft left Earth when Pluto was still a planet, so it's on
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  its way out there thinking I'm out here going out to photograph a planet.
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  But meanwhile, back on the Earth, Neil deGrasse Tyson and a bunch of
• 16:56
  other side I just decided to kick Pluto out of the planet club. So
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  it got demoted down to a door planet. And look, there's good scientific
• 17:03
  reason why that happened. We can maybe talk about that on another show,
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  or we have in the past. Just go back and listen to some of
• 17:10
  our past episodes. However, New Horizons didn't know any better, so it's
• 17:14
  still just heading out to Pluto, and it's still just photographs Pluto as if
• 17:17
  Pluto was still a planet and sent back absolutely amazing science back to the Earth
• 17:23
  from that frozen world out of the edge of our Solar system. The principal
• 17:29
  investigator on that mission as a gentleman by the name of doctor Alan Stern.
• 17:33
  He's at JPL and so that all occurred a few years ago, and since
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  that time though, the spaceship didn't stop there. It's just heading out to
• 17:44
  deeper space. And so they extended the New Horizons mission to go out and
• 17:49
  explore the Kuiper Belt. And so the Kuiper Belt ladies and gentlemen is a
• 17:56
  ring of frozen worlds similar to the to the parent bodies of comets. They're
• 18:00
  just big chunks of ice and rock that are not as large as even dwarf
• 18:07
  planets. They're smaller than that. But there may be a few other dwarf
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  plants tucked out there in the Kuiper Belt too. It's kind of a mysterious
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  region of our Solar System just because it's so far away from the Earth.
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  But wait, we have a spacecraft. It already visited Pluto and now it's
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  heading out to the Kuiper Belt. Why don't we use that spacecraft to investigate
• 18:26
  the Kuiper Belt objects. Well, that was exactly the plan, but suddenly
• 18:33
  NASA has jumped in and they are planning to end that portion of the mission,
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  of the Kuiper Belt portion of the mission, and they're planning to restructure
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  all the mission, its team, in other words, all the people working
• 18:47
  on that mission, and adjust its scientific goals to basically ignore the Kuiper Belt
• 18:52
  and only focus entirely on the Sun. Now it's got there, there's good
• 18:59
  science behind it, but a spacecraft that is literally one of the furthest spacecraft
• 19:03
  away from Earth to then turn around and photograph the Sun. When we have
• 19:07
  plenty of perfectly good spacecraft studying the Sun already, why do we need another
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  one photographing the Sun. Well, this was the argument made by Alan Stern
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  and other scientists, and they have now put forth the petition that Wes was
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  referring to on a page called change dot org. And this is the Planetary
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  Societies change dot org page. You, ladies and gentlemen, can jump in.
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  I said, Planetary Society. It's actually the National Space Society. I
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  apologize. So this is the National Space Society's change dot org page. They're
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  asking you to jump in, sign their petition and send NASA a message that
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  you want new horizons investigating the Kuiper Belt just like it was supposed to do,
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  so we can have the first ever spacecraft investigating this weird, strange batch
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  of bodies that are left over from the formation of the Solar System out at
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  this very great distance from the Sun. Ladies and gentlemen, right before I
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  went on live here with WES, I actually jumped on change dot org and
• 20:10
  signed the National Space Society's petition. So I need you to do the same
• 20:15
  thing, because we really want to get the maximum amount of Solar system science
• 20:21
  out of this Solar system explorer called New Horizons. Let's talk about a debris
• 20:26
  capture bag. How does this work? So this is related to basically orbital
• 20:33
  debris, just things floating around that it needs to be collected and it's basically
• 20:38
  going like into a big hefty bag. How does this work? Two individual
• 20:44
  areas of science and engineering have come together. The first area was, hey,
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  what if we went out and captured asteroids out of their orbits and brought
• 20:56
  them back into orbit around the Moon, and then mind all the really valuable
• 21:00
  minerals out of those suckers. We could get rich billions and trillions of dollars
• 21:06
  on some of these asteroids. Right. Indeed, and literally we've talked about
• 21:08
  that again on the podcast in a previous episode. But these things are rich
• 21:12
  with highly valuable materials here on the Earth. Okay, So that's one area
• 21:18
  of science and engineering. The second area of science and engineering to come together
• 21:22
  in this project was this, Hey, we have a big problem because certain
• 21:26
  countries keep blowing up their satellites and that sends those satellite debris into the orbital
• 21:33
  paths of other useful satellites and maybe even into the International Space Station, and
• 21:37
  if you've seen the movie Gravity, that ends badly. So we don't want
• 21:42
  a bunch of man made orbital debris flying around up there above the Earth because
• 21:48
  it's a hazard to navigation. All right, Now you have these two areas
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  well. You have a company called Transastra in California, and they've came up
• 21:59
  with a with an idea for the asteroid mining. They said, what if
• 22:03
  we made a giant bag. Now almost you can almost imagine it this way.
• 22:07
  Imagine that you're at the park with your dog and you're walking your dog
• 22:12
  and suddenly your dog does something really kind of socially unacceptable right on the dog
• 22:18
  path on the bike path. Well, fortunately there's this stand over there with
• 22:22
  a metal box on the top, and it's got these little green bags underneath,
• 22:26
  and you can actually pull the bag out, open up the bag,
• 22:32
  enclose the offending material on the bike path inside the bag, tie it up
• 22:37
  and throw it away. Imagine if you could do that with an asteroid.
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  Well that's what Transasterra did. They came up with a giant space bag that
• 22:48
  you could throw around us an orbiting asteroid and wrap it up tight and bring
• 22:53
  it back to orbit. Around the Moon and then collect all its valuables.
• 22:59
  Well, then NASA put forth a different proposal for somebody to come up with
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  mitigation efforts for this orbital debris that's in orbit around the Earth. And the
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  guys from Transastra said, well, wait a minute, our bag for capturing
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  asteroids would also be great for capturing debris from defunct satellites in orbit around the
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  Earth. And here's a quote from Joe Cercel, Transastra founder and CEO.
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  This is on SpaceNews dot com. He says this, we originally developed a
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  small captured bag prototype to demonstrate asteroid mining in low Earth orbit with a synthetic
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  asteroid, but we subsequently realized this is the greatest thing ever for orbital debris
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  clean up. It doesn't require the target to have any fixture that you can
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  grab onto, says Surcell. It does not require docking, which is a
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  precision maneuver. You have to be precise enough to open the bag, get
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  the bag around the thing, and close the bag. Now that's the way
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  a CEO talks, ladies and gentlemen. That's the end quote from a julcer
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  Cell from Transastra. Imagine if you have a giant doggie poop bag that you
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  were going to pick up asteroids with, but suddenly there's a more pressing problem
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  from NASA and you can win a large contract. Well that's exactly what happened,
• 24:23
  and Transastra now has an eight hundred and fifty thousand dollars contract from NASA
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  to expand its development of the shall we call it doggie bag in space?
• 24:36
  Sounds like as good a thing to call it as I've ever heard, and
• 24:38
  I like his description of how to use it. It sounds a lot like
• 24:41
  the way you describe picking up the doggie do so, and I don't think
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  that's what I do. You know, it wasn't too far off, so
• 24:48
  you seem to have experience with I know I have experience with that, and
• 24:53
  I wish more people in my neighborhood had experience with that. But that's another
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  I have one hundred pound so you don't have to pay attention. I have
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  to have a little bit. I have to bring my own bags. I
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  was gonna say, you might actually need the bags that they're the Transastra bags.
• 25:07
  I need the Transas. Yeah, it sounds like it. Coming up.
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  After a quick break, we'll talk about metallic spheres found on the Pacific
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  floor and where they have come from. We'll talk about that next, all
• 25:41
  right, So this is kind of fascinating. A metallic spheres found on the
• 25:45
  Pacific floor interstellar in origin, at least according to a Harvard professor. So
• 25:53
  let's let's back up and tell this story. Ave Lobe as an astrophysicist,
• 25:59
  a theoretical astra physicist from Harvard who has launched what's called the Galileo Project.
• 26:04
  And the Galileo project is specifically the search for evidence of extraterrestrial life somewhere in
• 26:14
  our universe. So that's Ave Lobe. So Ave Lobe is looking for ets,
• 26:19
  that's what he's doing. I don't know if he's looking on UAPs or
• 26:22
  UFOs or whatever they're called these days, looking on the bottom of the ocean.
• 26:27
  He's very interested in things that might give evidence for the presence of extraterrestrial
• 26:33
  intelligence out there. All right. Let's then enter into March of twenty twenty
• 26:38
  two, when the US Space Command announced in a letter that they had tracked
• 26:45
  an object that came in and splashed down in our ocean, which they said
• 26:49
  was on a trajectory that had to be coming from get ready, here's the
• 26:53
  quote another solar system, all right, Now, that's just could be a
• 26:59
  rock that up to form around another star. It got ejected somehow, and
• 27:03
  it has a close encounter where the earthen comes in. Well. The next
• 27:07
  suggestion, though, comes from Abby Lobe and Auvy Lobe says, yes,
• 27:11
  but the chemical composition of this particular object or it's characteristics lead us to believe
• 27:18
  that it may have been not just a natural object, but an actual possible
• 27:26
  interstellar spacecraft. And so then ave Lobe had jumped in to an effort to
• 27:30
  recover this object from the bottom of the ocean. Now, listen, this
• 27:34
  thing came in in twenty fourteen, so it's been down there a while,
• 27:38
  but it's in very shallow waters off the coast of Papua New Guinea. Now,
• 27:44
  ave Lobe and a team launched an effort back in June to go get
• 27:48
  this thing. We actually did a feature on this podcast about that effort.
• 27:52
  And so they have been searching the bottom of the ocean floor for evidence of
• 27:59
  this object that from another solar system, so that they could get evidence from
• 28:03
  a physical evidence from it to test to see whether it's of intelligent origin or
• 28:07
  not all right, So there's the setup. Here's the story. Now,
• 28:11
  they actually found some pieces of some little metal spheres or better known as sphere
• 28:18
  rules. They're small, they're tiny, but they have recovered them, and
• 28:22
  chemical analysis of these sphere rules from the impact region off Papua New Guinea have
• 28:30
  shown quote extremely high abundances un of an unheard composition of heavy metals, including
• 28:37
  beryllium, lanthanum, and uranium. Well, what's so weird about those things?
• 28:41
  We've heard of those before. Yeah, they don't occur in any kind
• 28:45
  of significant quantity on the surface of the Earth, let alone all three of
• 28:51
  them compounded together in tiny sphere ules of one single object. So that's weird.
• 28:59
  And the the combination of the beryllium, lantheum, and uranium do not
• 29:04
  match any terrestrial alloys of those substances, nor do they match the fallout from
• 29:11
  nuclear explosions. So av Lobe and the team have concluded that these things are
• 29:17
  definitely of interstellar origin. So we've at least nailed that down now, right,
• 29:22
  So, in addition to some orbital mechanics that was tracked by the US
• 29:26
  Space Command and some unusual surface properties, now they actually have their hands on
• 29:32
  what they believe is physical evidence that this thing came in from another solar system.
• 29:36
  Now here's the weird part. The weird part is they have a whole
• 29:40
  nother battery of tests that they're going to be performing on these samples to investigate
• 29:45
  whether or not they are artificially made. Could these actually be signs of the
• 29:52
  guys driving around in the UAPs? Wow, that has taken it to the
• 29:59
  net next level. I mean, it's it's kind of like, you know,
• 30:03
  it's like a Saturday morning cereal and not the cereal you eat like a
• 30:07
  serial cartoon in our show where they leave you with a cliffhanger, Right,
• 30:11
  we have to know more. By the way, the story I've just quoted
• 30:14
  you is found in USA Today dot Com. Check it out and find out
• 30:18
  all about Alvi Loebe's most recent discoveries of the weird object coming in off Papua
• 30:22
  New Guinnity New Guinea a few years ago, First Star Wars takes us to
• 30:29
  a different galaxy in the Asoka series, and now this maybe Interstellar origins.
• 30:34
  Sorry if it was a spoiler spoiler alert on Asoka Sean let you guys just
• 30:40
  had the toy comic book show at the Coca Cola Space Science Center. I
• 30:44
  know that's always one of the big signature events and I know was another big
• 30:47
  one for you guys. Yeah, thanks for everybody who came down and joined
• 30:49
  us for the Columbus Comic Book and Toy Show at the Coca Cola Space Science
• 30:52
  Center last weekend. There was a really great turnout, and we were able
• 30:57
  to partner with our friends over at the River Center for the Performing Arts because
• 31:02
  they had a Spider Man into the Spider Verse concert the night before, and
• 31:07
  then we had the comic Book and Toy show the next morning. So we
• 31:10
  co sponsored our events and gave some discount of tickets to those things, and
• 31:15
  we really appreciate everybody that came out and supported both of those events here in
• 31:18
  our community. We have something else that's coming up that's kind of fun too.
• 31:22
  Staying in that kind of performing arts area, The upcount Columbus Concert Series
• 31:27
  is starting up down on Front Avenue or I'm sorry, on Broadway in Columbus,
• 31:32
  Georgia, and it's gonna be on Friday nights, and the Space Science
• 31:34
  Center is going to be a sponsor of that concert series and we're gonna be
• 31:38
  out with our own booth, and we're gonna have lots of space related fun
• 31:42
  for the kids to participate in while the concerts taking place. So you can
• 31:45
  be looking for us throughout about the next six Friday nights down there at the
• 31:51
  concert series, not Labor Day obviously, but then starting after that on September
• 31:55
  the eighth, we'll be down at that concert series. You can come out
• 31:57
  and join us for a lot of great music and also some spacey fun during
• 32:01
  that concert series. And you guys have all of your events and some really
• 32:06
  cool a database of articles and things Scott Norman has put posted on your website
• 32:14
  and all that is waiting for everyone online at www dot cc SSC dot org.
• 32:22
  Charlie Charlie Sam Sam Charlie dot org. Scott Norman is our space historian
• 32:27
  and he's an excellent writer, and he's got some really cool, kind of
• 32:30
  behind the scenes space stories that you might not be aware of. Check them
• 32:34
  out at the website. Check out all of our events, and come out
• 32:37
  and see us soon at Columbus State University's Coca Cola Space Science Center. And
• 32:40
  once again, we thank you for listening. I'm headed to Dragon Con.
• 32:45
  We'll see you guys here. Again next See you guys here again next week.
• 32:55
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