Latest / Austin Signal / How to protect yourself during a rough mosquito season in Austin

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How to protect yourself during a rough mosquito season in Austin · Austin Signal

0:08
We haven't yet hit the 100 degree
0:10
mark here in Austin this summer, but
0:12
you know we're gonna do it very
0:13
soon. What is already in peak
0:15
activity, mosquito season.
0:17
And if it seems like this year's
0:18
batch is particularly bad, well,
0:20
you might be onto something.
0:22
We're gonna go out in the field with
0:23
the people keeping tabs on mosquito
0:24
populations in our area, and we'll
0:26
talk about the do's and don'ts of
0:28
prevention that you can put into
0:29
action now.
0:30
Plenty more about mosquitoes
0:32
coming up on today's show.
0:34
The Austin Signal is a production
0:36
of KUT News, hosted by
0:38
Jerry Quijano.
0:39
Plus, the KUTX Artists
0:41
of the Month for June makes twee
0:42
music that's as dreamy as it is
0:44
rockin'. They're taking their latest
0:46
album, Graceful, on tour overseas.
0:49
We're gonna chat with a couple
0:49
members of Touch Girl,
0:51
Apple Blossom.
0:53
That and a whole lot more.
0:54
Coming up next, it's all right here
0:56
on Austin Signal.
1:07
Howdy out there, this is Austin
1:09
Signal. I'm your host, Jerry Kehono.
1:11
It is Monday, June 29th.
1:13
Glad you're here with us.
1:15
An update since we last spoke,
1:17
the Austin Independent School
1:18
District is pushing most of its
1:19
school boundary realignment changes
1:21
to the 2028-29
1:23
school year.
1:24
The plan, which could change
1:25
enrollment areas for students in all
1:27
grades, was set to take place in the
1:29
2027-28 school
1:31
year to help balance enrollment.
1:32
But... The district says moving the
1:34
date will let them make better and
1:36
more sustainable long-term
1:38
decisions.
1:39
We have more about that story at
1:40
KUT.org and
1:42
on the KUT app.
1:45
We are in the thick of mosquito
1:46
season and you may have wondered if
1:48
there are more of the bloodsuckers
1:50
buzzing around this year.
1:51
Well, you're not imagining it.
1:54
Health officials say mosquito
1:55
activity does appear to be higher
1:57
than normal, at least so far.
1:59
Austin Signals' Alexandra Hart takes
2:01
a look at how local authorities keep
2:03
an eye on mosquito populations and
2:05
the diseases they carry.
2:08
It's a warm, suffocatingly
2:10
humid morning, and I'm wading
2:12
through tall grass around a small
2:13
creek not too far from the UT
2:15
campus.
2:16
Perfect conditions for mosquito
2:18
trapping.
2:21
Today is the day that we set, so
2:22
you're probably not going to get good
2:23
audio.
2:24
I'm meeting up with Aaron Urbanek,
2:27
he's senior environmental health
2:28
officer with Austin Public Health.
2:30
He and his team are here to set up a
2:32
device to trap a particular species
2:34
of mosquito, Culex mosquitoes,
2:36
which are the primary carriers of
2:38
West Nile here in Central Texas.
2:40
So this style of trap, since they
2:42
take a blood meal
2:44
and then go to lay eggs,
2:47
is real specific to Culex
2:48
mosquitoes.
2:49
It's one of about 30 traps the team
2:51
sets across the city each week.
2:53
The way it works is a reservoir of
2:55
stinky water attracts female
2:57
mosquitoes that are ready to lay
2:58
eggs, then a small battery-powered
3:01
fan sucks them up into a net.
3:03
And so they're alive when we go to
3:05
collect them after 24
3:07
hours.
3:08
Pretty simple little rig.
3:09
The mosquitoes then get sent to the
3:11
Texas Department of State Health
3:12
Services for lab testing.
3:15
It's important for health officials
3:16
to keep an eye on mosquito
3:18
populations not only because
3:20
they're a nuisance, but because they
3:21
can carry diseases.
3:23
A human case of West Nile has
3:25
already been confirmed this year in
3:27
Harris County.
3:28
Closer to home, a mosquito pool in
3:30
Williamson County recently tested
3:31
positive for the virus.
3:33
And if it feels like mosquitoes are
3:35
especially abundant right now,
3:37
health officials I spoke with all
3:38
agreed that.
3:40
That appears to be the
3:41
case. While they don't track exact
3:43
numbers, Urbanic says they have been
3:45
noticing more mosquitoes in their
3:46
traps overall, and that's due to
3:48
a mix of favorable weather
3:49
conditions.
3:51
First, mosquito populations got a
3:52
head start this season thanks to a
3:54
warm winter.
3:55
And so some of the eggs that even
3:57
might be sitting dormant in the
3:58
ground, even those are
4:01
viable.
4:01
Then a cool, wet spring and
4:03
summer so far is helping things
4:05
along.
4:06
Lots of rain means plenty of
4:07
standing water for female mosquitoes
4:09
to lay eggs in.
4:10
And so we're right at that level
4:12
where the temperature's great and
4:15
the weather's great and all the
4:17
reproductive stuff that's going on
4:19
with mosquitoes is just right in the
4:20
range for them.
4:21
But more mosquitoes flying around
4:23
doesn't automatically mean more
4:25
disease.
4:27
We haven't seen anything too
4:31
crazy yet.
4:32
That's Bethany Bowling.
4:33
She's with the Zoonotic Virology
4:35
Laboratory at the Texas Department
4:37
of State Health Services.
4:39
This is where mosquito samples are
4:40
sent to get tested for viruses.
4:43
Only certain mosquitoes actually get
4:44
tested, females because they're the
4:46
ones that bite, and the lab is
4:48
looking at just a handful of
4:50
species.
4:50
So in Texas, we have over
4:52
85 different species of
4:54
mosquitoes, but there's only about
4:56
five or six that are really
4:58
important for virus transmission.
5:01
So we focus on those species.
5:02
We call those vector species.
5:04
Bowling says the lab is testing for
5:06
three main diseases, West Nile,
5:08
St. Louis encephalitis, and Eastern
5:10
equine ence phalitis.
5:12
West Niles is by far the most
5:14
common, and while it can cause
5:16
serious complications in rare cases,
5:18
Bowling only about 20% of people
5:20
infected with West Nial actually
5:22
develop symptoms.
5:23
So there can be a lot of people who
5:25
get bit with a mosquito
5:27
and actually get infected with West
5:29
Nile virus, but they will be
5:30
asymptomatic.
5:31
When a mosquito does test positive,
5:33
Bowling says DSHS notifies
5:35
the local agency with information
5:37
about the date and location of the
5:38
trap that had the infected sample.
5:40
And then it's up to the submitter.
5:43
Agency what they do with that
5:44
information.
5:46
Some will go spray, you know,
5:48
some sort of adult
5:50
sighting response.
5:51
Some don't have that capability.
5:53
While adult deciding, that is,
5:55
spraying to kill active adult
5:57
mosquitoes, is one tool
5:59
in Austin Public Health's arsenal,
6:01
it's typically used as a last resort
6:03
due to health and environmental
6:04
considerations.
6:06
Erin Urbineck with APH says
6:07
prevention is the first line of
6:09
defense.
6:10
The biggest one we do in
6:12
these normal times would be just
6:13
outreach, talking to people about
6:15
different ways to prevent
6:16
mosquitoes.
6:18
After that, we do
6:20
larvicide in city-owned
6:22
right of ways.
6:24
And then if we meet certain
6:26
thresholds, then we would look at
6:27
possibly even adult asiding in a
6:29
given area.
6:30
But we haven't reached those levels
6:32
in a long time.
6:33
He says the number one thing people
6:34
can do to control mosquitoes is dump
6:37
standing water around their homes
6:38
after it rains.
6:40
That prevents opportunities for the
6:41
insects to breed.
6:42
A lot of times people want to point
6:44
to a creek and say that that's where
6:46
some of the mosquitoes are coming
6:47
from.
6:48
A lot times they're just homegrown
6:49
mosquitoes right in someone's
6:50
backyard.
6:51
Speaking of creeks, I'm meeting back
6:53
up with Urbanek to check the
6:54
creekside mosquito traps he set the
6:56
day before.
6:57
That sound is him collecting the
6:59
insects with a tiny vacuum-like
7:00
device before putting them in a jar
7:02
to take to the lab.
7:03
Probably today in this trap,
7:05
there's probably about 30 to 50.
7:08
Is this about what you would expect
7:09
to see in a trap?
7:11
Is this kind of accurate?
7:11
It's a little bit on the low side
7:13
of what we would normally see this
7:15
time of year.
7:16
This actually surprises me.
7:18
Urbanic says it's probably because a
7:19
recent heavy rain means more flowing
7:21
water in the creek, which is not
7:23
conducive to mosquito breeding.
7:25
But once it dries out a little bit.
7:27
Probably in about a week or
7:29
so, we'll start seeing some of
7:30
those, you know, stagnant pockets
7:32
of water, so where we'll see a lot
7:34
more mosquitoes showing up.
7:36
Also, as we move further into
7:38
the summer heat, mosquitoes spend
7:40
less time out and about during the
7:42
daytime.
7:42
A lot more of what they're doing
7:44
during the day is just trying to
7:46
find locations to
7:46
Stay cool.
7:48
Mosquitoes, they're just like us.
7:51
I'm Alexandra Hart in Austin.
7:59
And Alexandra is with us now
8:01
for a reporter's notebook.
8:02
Welcome to the show. Hey, Jerry.
8:04
So what made you want to look into
8:06
the mosquito situation this year in
8:07
particular?
8:08
So I was living in Houston earlier
8:10
this year, which is kind of like
8:11
mosquito world headquarters, at
8:13
least it feels like it.
8:13
And I had heard or read that
8:15
mosquitoes might be particularly bad
8:17
this year because we had such a warm
8:19
winter. And then when we had such
8:21
a rainy stretch here in Austin,
8:22
I thought that might be making it
8:24
worse.
8:25
Anyone who walks outside with any
8:27
exposed skin can probably attest to
8:28
that. So I asked around and sort of
8:30
the expert consensus was that,
8:32
yeah, we have all these ideal
8:34
conditions coming together to make
8:35
for a very active mosquito season.
8:37
Okay, we all know about mosquitoes,
8:39
at least those of us who have grown
8:40
up here in Texas, so what surprised
8:42
you about what you found out in your
8:44
reporting?
8:44
So I think the biggest one was the
8:46
role that humidity plays.
8:47
I thought it was always sort of like
8:49
mosquitoes either just like humidity
8:51
or, you know, maybe it's it's humid
8:53
because we've had lots of rain and
8:54
so there's lots of standing water.
8:56
And so mosquitoes and humidity are
8:57
sort of correlated that way.
8:59
But when I was speaking with Aaron
9:01
with Austin Public Health, he told
9:02
me that mosquitoes actually need the
9:04
humidity to survive when
9:06
it gets too hot and too dry, their
9:07
bodies sort of dry out and they die.
9:09
So it's not just the mosquitoes sort
9:11
of incidentally are in
9:13
humid locations because of the
9:14
water. They actually need that
9:16
moisture in the air to survive.
9:18
Also, and this is gonna make me
9:19
sound like a mosquito propagandist,
9:21
but some male mosquitoes are
9:22
actually pollinators, so they're not
9:24
all that.
9:25
Okay, okay, not all male
9:27
mosquitoes.
9:28
Okay, so we say it often, but
9:30
what can people do about mosquitoes
9:32
and prevention?
9:33
Right. So the prevailing message
9:34
among everyone I spoke with was dump
9:36
the standing water out.
9:37
That's the easiest factor to control
9:39
for, and it's also the least
9:41
invasive.
9:42
I spoke with entomologist Wizzy
9:43
Brown. She's Senior Extension
9:45
Program Specialist with Texas A&M
9:47
AgriLife Extension Service, and she
9:49
explained it this way.
9:50
If you think about it logically,
9:53
mosquitoes have a complete life
9:54
cycle. They have four life stages,
9:56
egg, larva, pupa, adult.
9:59
And the one that we as humans are
10:01
focused on are the adults,
10:03
because the adult females are the
10:05
ones that take a blood meal and
10:06
they're the ones making us crazy.
10:09
The eggs, the larvae and the pupae
10:11
are all in
10:13
standing water.
10:15
And that is a contained system.
10:17
What about pesticides?
10:19
Okay, so those generally should be
10:21
used as a last resort because like
10:22
Brown mentioned, that just targets
10:24
one life cycle and also they
10:26
sort of kill insects
10:27
indiscriminately.
10:29
The majority of the products
10:31
that people use that
10:32
are on the market for
10:35
treating adult mosquitoes
10:37
in vegetation are going to
10:39
be broad spectrum
10:40
contact kill pesticides
10:43
that can not only
10:44
kill the mosquitoes, they
10:46
can also kill any
10:48
of the other insects that come into
10:50
contact with it.
10:51
And that might be bees, that might
10:52
butterflies, that may be
10:54
things that you might necessarily
10:56
want to kill.
10:57
So she recommends keeping vegetation
10:59
trimmed and so sunlight and airflow
11:01
can get in there and make things
11:03
less inviting for mosquitoes.
11:04
Okay, so what are the things that
11:06
don't work?
11:07
So she said stuff like dryer sheets,
11:09
bar soap, eating garlic,
11:11
all of those don't make a
11:12
difference. She also said planting
11:13
smelly plants like citronella plants
11:15
that supposedly repel mosquitoes
11:17
is counterproductive.
11:19
So the citronella plant,
11:21
that one really makes
11:23
me crazy because yes,
11:25
it's kind of stinky, but the thing
11:27
is you would have to
11:29
plant your whole entire yard
11:31
in citronellas and then you're
11:33
actually creating habitat because
11:34
you've got that lush vegetation that
11:36
we were talking about earlier.
11:37
So it's a double
11:39
edged sword on that one.
11:41
So instead, if you're trying to
11:42
repel mosquitoes, stick with bug
11:44
spray with DEET or picaridin
11:46
or oil of lumen eucalyptus.
11:48
She says the CDC website has a list
11:50
of repellents that are actually
11:51
proven to work, so check that out.
11:53
All right, that is Alexandra Hart.
11:55
She is a producer here on our show.
11:57
Great to talk with you. Thanks,
11:58
Jerry.
11:59
And a heads up, the Texas Commission
12:01
on Environmental Quality is warning
12:03
about compromised air quality today
12:05
as Saharan dust is expected to
12:06
blow into the state today and
12:08
possibly tomorrow.
12:09
The area could have air quality in
12:11
the middle to upper end of the
12:13
moderate range and in addition
12:15
to the haze expect a hot and humid
12:17
day with a high near 97,
12:19
it'll feel more like 102.
12:21
Stay cool out there and stay tuned
12:23
in right here to Austin
12:25
Signal.
12:36
This is Austin Signal.
12:37
Thank you for tuning in.
12:39
The KUTX artist of the month for
12:41
June is Touch Girl Apple Blossom.
12:43
Today we're talking with a couple
12:44
members of the band, Olivia Garner
12:46
and Dustin Pilkington.
12:47
Welcome to the show.
12:48
Hi. Hey, thanks for having us.
12:50
So first off, tell us a little bit
12:52
about yourselves. How long have you
12:53
been here in Austin and how long
12:54
have have you been making music
12:55
individually?
12:57
Um, my name is Dustin
12:59
and I, uh, uh
13:01
I've been here like 22
13:03
years, which is horrifying to
13:05
say out loud, but, um,
13:07
yeah, I'm from Fort Worth
13:08
originally, but I came here
13:10
because I had been coming
13:12
here for years to go to shows.
13:14
And it was so exciting to me.
13:16
And I immediately started bands
13:18
and I've been playing, I've been
13:20
consistently in bands since
13:22
then, sometimes in like four
13:24
at a time. I'm like.
13:26
But now it's, I've
13:28
mellowed out.
13:28
Okay. Okay.
13:29
That's cool. What about you, Olivia?
13:32
So I'm Olivia.
13:33
Taurus.
13:36
I've lived in Austin for ten years
13:38
now and I
13:41
kind of started playing music here
13:42
in Austin during the pandemic so it
13:43
was really low-key and low-stakes
13:46
and I was in a band that never
13:47
played a show and just,
13:50
you know, did some random stuff
13:52
around and then Touch Girl was like
13:53
my first real band.
14:09
And now Touch Girl is the KUTX
14:11
Artist of the Month.
14:12
You're playing in Studio 1A.
14:13
How are you feeling about things?
14:15
It's crazy!
14:17
Life is crazy.
14:18
Dreams can come true.
14:20
Absolutely. So tell us a little bit
14:21
about the other band members and how
14:23
did this current iteration of the
14:25
band come together?
14:26
So I met John, the
14:28
other guitarist, uh,
14:30
in this pandemic band that
14:32
never did anything.
14:33
We were in a country band and it was
14:35
awesome. One day, hopefully that
14:36
might, music might come from that.
14:38
Um, and I met Daniel,
14:40
the drummer in El Paso when he lived
14:42
there.
14:43
We did karaoke together at some
14:45
random bar in Elpaso and he's an
14:46
awesome drummer and he moved to
14:48
Austin.
14:49
And I used to go to Dustin's karaoke
14:51
nights.
14:52
Around town and I met Dustin through
14:54
that and when I decided
14:56
I had like enough songs to
14:58
maybe start a band
15:00
I just reached
15:02
out to this random
15:04
group of guys that I knew that I
15:06
thought were all cool and talented
15:07
and it worked out.
15:09
Yeah, what do you enjoy?
15:10
You said you've been in bands for 20
15:12
plus years here in Austin.
15:13
What do you about working with Touch
15:15
Girl or Apple Bossam?
15:17
So this is like the
15:19
first, I've loved this kind of music
15:21
since high school essentially
15:23
and I was in
15:25
a semi-pop band called Best Friends
15:27
back in the day, but it
15:29
was really obnoxious and
15:31
screamy and kind of bleepy,
15:33
bloopy. They were awesome.
15:34
Yeah, but this is the first
15:36
band,
15:39
like pop kind of band
15:41
that I've been in that I'm like, oh
15:42
my God, yes.
15:44
Like, I...
15:46
This is corny, but I've just I've
15:47
waited my whole life to be in a band
15:49
like this and I
15:51
feel very lucky that the
15:53
stars aligned
16:01
When you say this kind of music,
16:03
how would you describe the music
16:05
that is on? Let's talk about this
16:06
new, this latest project, Graceful.
16:08
What kind of Music can people hear
16:10
on it?
16:11
Um, I,
16:13
I am bad at this, but I
16:15
mean, it's really just
16:18
kind of all over
16:21
the place in my mind.
16:22
It may have like a common, like
16:24
sonic thread, I guess,
16:26
but there, there are
16:28
dynamics, there's, it
16:30
just,
16:33
some of it's fun, some it's
16:35
sad.
16:36
I don't, I'm really bad at
16:37
explaining.
16:37
No worries, no worries.
16:38
I think the album, at least for
16:40
me, is as equally dreamy
16:42
as it is kind of rocky.
16:51
I was just wondering what were some
16:52
of the inspirations that led to
16:54
the music and how long had you been
16:55
working on these 10 songs that
16:57
appear on the project?
16:59
So
17:01
One of the songs that we're playing
17:03
today on the radio is
17:05
one of the songs from Graceful, and
17:07
we wrote that song three years
17:09
ago. These songs we've been working
17:11
on forever.
17:12
We all sort of like took
17:14
a lot of time with this record.
17:16
Cause I mean, for me, it was my
17:18
first record that I ever recorded.
17:21
And I didn't really know what
17:23
the undertaking would be like.
17:25
Uh, you know, I think we all
17:26
contribute songwriting.
17:28
Dustin, John, and I.
17:30
Specifically, Daniel plays, you
17:31
know, writes all of his own drums,
17:33
but we all have
17:35
common threads in our taste, but I
17:37
think a lot of like
17:40
very, we all bring a
17:42
unique, our own personal thing
17:44
to it. And that's why you can't
17:45
really just call it like a Tweed
17:47
record or like
17:49
Everything I read about Touch
17:51
Girl Apple Blossom included the word
17:53
Tweet. Are you okay with that?
17:54
I love it.
17:54
I love it! I mean, I love because I
17:56
think it's more of like an ethos
17:58
than anything, you know?
17:59
Like it's like DIY and
18:02
adorable, which, you know, I'm down
18:04
with.
18:05
Well the band name comes from lyrics
18:07
from a beat happening song and now
18:08
you're signed to a label founded by
18:10
the band. How did all of that
18:11
happen?
18:12
That's the craziest thing ever.
18:14
It really is.
18:15
It really is um well
18:17
so the
18:19
record came out on K slash
18:21
perennial and that is
18:23
ran by Jolie and Hayes and
18:25
Calvin Johnson from Beat Happening
18:27
is still part of it for sure but
18:29
uh I have just
18:31
known Jolie through
18:33
like this world of
18:36
twee music just have known her
18:38
we have mutual friends and they
18:40
we're at. This festival that we
18:41
played in New York that our friend,
18:43
who's from Austin, Donna from
18:45
Chronophage, shout out,
18:46
she booked a festival in New York
18:48
and Jolie and Hayes were there and
18:49
they saw us and they knew that we
18:51
had a record recorded, like,
18:53
completed and uh,
18:55
offered to put it out, which was
18:57
crazy!
18:58
And now they're just the best
19:00
thing that happened to us in all of
19:02
them.
19:05
Well, you mentioned how much of an
19:07
undertaking the record was,
19:09
I think, like, and you said it was
19:10
your first one that you were making,
19:12
so I'm sure you were really excited
19:13
about so many things, but what ended
19:15
up being the most challenging part
19:17
about getting it to completion?
19:19
Oh my god,
19:21
okay, honestly, to me,
19:25
I feel like the
19:27
labor of creating
19:30
all the artwork and stuff was
19:32
hard, but I think recording,
19:35
feeling like lyrics were complete
19:37
was the hardest thing for me,
19:39
because I've been singing these
19:41
songs for years, but when
19:43
I went into the studio to record, I
19:45
changed everything, you know?
19:46
I kind of was just like, I couldn't
19:48
commit to any...
19:49
Words, which was difficult for
19:51
me.
20:02
What about you, Dustin?
20:03
You said this is kind of like you've
20:05
been waiting for this band for a
20:07
long time, but what was difficult
20:09
or what was a challenging aspect
20:11
of creating Graceful?
20:12
So, a lot of the music was
20:14
recorded pretty quickly,
20:16
like, honestly within a few days,
20:18
but we
20:20
were lucky that one of our friends
20:22
was the person
20:24
recording us, so we got to go
20:26
back to his house like,
20:28
you know, every other weekend to add
20:30
this, that, and the other thing.
20:31
So, we really took our time.
20:34
Like, personally for me, it was
20:36
hard to record vocals.
20:38
I've never sang like
20:39
this in a band before I'm always
20:41
like screaming pretty much.
20:44
So, uh, yeah, I had
20:46
to do like 10 vocal takes and
20:48
then go like,
20:50
and like a thousand false starts,
20:52
getting in the right mood.
20:53
I'm sitting in a chair, like trying
20:55
to get into it. I'm like, this is
20:56
not like my car.
20:57
This is not my bedroom.
20:58
I can't do this.
20:59
And yeah, but
21:01
I think I
21:03
kind of just said, um,
21:06
let's see what's, what's the, what
21:08
the non cuss word for,
21:10
um.
21:10
Screw it
21:13
You can say F it, we'll
21:15
bleep it out, yeah, exactly.
21:16
At a point, I was like,
21:19
this is how the vocals sound,
21:21
and we're rolling with it.
21:22
And actually, I'm very happy with
21:24
how it turned out, but that was, it
21:25
was really hard for me, honestly,
21:27
just because I get so in my head
21:29
about stuff.
21:46
Well the good thing is that it's out
21:47
now, you don't have to go back,
21:49
and I don't think you're going to be
21:50
going back and making changes, maybe
21:51
your friends will be making a visit
21:53
to you soon. Yeah, the next-
21:53
Yeah, the next press, a bunch
21:55
of changes have been made.
21:57
All right. Well, good luck with the
21:58
rest of the year.
21:58
Congratulations on your album.
22:00
We've been speaking with Olivia
22:01
Garner and Dustin Polkington.
22:02
They are band members of Touch Girl,
22:05
Apple Blossom, the KUTX Artist of
22:07
the Month for June.
22:07
We're going to have a link in the
22:09
podcast show notes.
22:10
Thank you.
22:10
Thank you so much.
22:19
And the Studio 1A session from
22:21
Touch Girl, Apple Blossom will be on
22:23
the KUTX YouTube soon
22:25
enough. Be sure to check that out.
22:26
You can always find that at
22:28
kutx.org.
22:30
That is it for us today.
22:32
You can also find more from our show
22:34
at k-u-t-dot-org
22:36
slash signal and more about the
22:38
stories we shared with you in
22:40
today's podcast, Show Notes.
22:42
Rene Chavez is our technical
22:44
director, Alexandra Hart is our
22:46
producer, and Kristin Cabrera is
22:48
our managing producer.
22:49
I'm your host, Jerry Quijano.
22:51
We will be back with you same time
22:52
tomorrow.
22:53
Talk to you then.