Latest / Rabbi Moshe Haber - Daily Mussar/Weekly Perasha / Rabbi Moshe Haber Perashat Mishpatim:The Divine Logic of Civil Law 2.13.26
Transcript
- 0:01We have an Abasha, very much my team, which means these are the
- 0:08financial laws, the monetary laws and Mishpat name.
- 0:13They have to be Musharraf as the place in front of the Jewish
- 0:15people and sham is not mushay. Yeah, these are the Lord.
- 0:19They have to tell everyone to follow, right?
- 0:20She starts with this word. If it just said the word Ile,
- 0:25which would mean these are out the valve pasal traditionim, it
- 0:29would be separating the mishpat team from the laws that came
- 0:32prior the valve. The continuation changes that.
- 0:37What does it mean separate? It would have meant you would
- 0:39have told yourself that the mishpat team stand alone.
- 0:43They're not like that said to the broad not like 10
- 0:46commandments. You would have said they don't
- 0:48carry the same strengths. You would have said they don't
- 0:49carry the same power. They don't carry the same or you
- 0:53would have actually said they're not from harassing I the valve
- 0:56tells you and their continuation.
- 0:58So I wasn't I went into detail how the Mishpatim are really a
- 1:03direct continuation from that said the growth absolutely what
- 1:07they are in fact in a very clear line.
- 1:09You see, because the first of the Mishpatim is the law of
- 1:13Kitak Nevaevi. He purchased a Jewish slave and
- 1:17tells us the law of the fact that he only works six years.
- 1:22Sheshanintavo Yavot O Bashvi ET ET ET al Hoshi Reinam.
- 1:27And the 78 goes completely free, right?
- 1:31And there's certain laws how you have to treat them.
- 1:32We all know those laws. What is the shot?
- 1:34What's the idea that he goes free?
- 1:36If he's a slave, he's a slave. If he decided to sell himself as
- 1:39a slave or the court, he paid his debt.
- 1:42So sometimes he didn't. Sometimes his debt could be
- 1:44worth 20 years worth. How come he automatically is
- 1:48able to go free after six years? So the theme is it's connected
- 1:52to asset, the boat and that is you already accepted that Hashem
- 1:55is his God or they did it. Every Jew has that Hashem is his
- 1:59God and because that Hashem is his God, he cannot really become
- 2:04a servant to anybody else. So that first mishpat is when
- 2:08you purchase a Jewish slave, he goes free of the six years, he
- 2:12has to be treated like a very much human being, etcetera,
- 2:15etcetera. It's all based on the fact of
- 2:18that said that the blood that came prior, which is that he's a
- 2:20Jew. God is his God.
- 2:23He's a master to Hashem. And because of that, he's not
- 2:27really a slave. He's slave to Hashem.
- 2:29Excuse me. And because of that, he cannot
- 2:30be a slave to you. That's why he has the laws that
- 2:32he has. And in fact, the number six and
- 2:34seven is not just by accident. That number really tells you
- 2:39there you go ask my kids. It also tells him right and do
- 2:42it all the time, but also tells you that Shabbat, the idea of
- 2:47six and seven being related to Shabbat, which is a Jew in
- 2:51general. He works 6 days, he goes to
- 2:54Hashem on Shabbat. That's the idea that Shabbat is
- 2:57the day of you on Hashem. The world according to the
- 2:59Gemara, will be around for 6000 years, and the 7000 years it's
- 3:03called Yom Shikulo Shabbat. It's the years, 1000 years of
- 3:07just us and Hashem. All these concepts tell us that
- 3:11those numbers refer to a Jew becoming free because he's going
- 3:15back to his roots. And that is the ideal with this
- 3:18slave as well. Why is he called evitivity?
- 3:22Why is it called every V? Why not a VUDI?
- 3:26Every V? So the overall thing, there are
- 3:28different themes. Some are positive, some are
- 3:31negligency or the Chaim says every V he says.
- 3:39First of all, Tara does not want to use the word every dieseli
- 3:43because it sounds like a funny connotation.
- 3:46You have the word servant next to the word Israel makes a Jew
- 3:50sound like a servant. We didn't want to do that so we
- 3:51chose a different form of referring to us, which is every
- 3:56Hebrew another way of referring to a Jew in the original ways,
- 4:00but we don't use it the real way which is you say Ali, we use
- 4:04every don't refer to it directly.
- 4:06He also says that this slave is Jewish slave.
- 4:10We know many of the scenarios of a Jew became a slave was based
- 4:12on stealing. He stole, he has a debt
- 4:14campaign. So if we also hints to the fact
- 4:17that he was overt, he's overt on a sin, we don't want to give him
- 4:22the solid positive connotation of a Jew.
- 4:25We know he's a Jew. We don't want to use a regular
- 4:28connotation of a Jew. So we use a different term or
- 4:30just every, every. He also refers to us like
- 4:34Abraham every. But it also hints at the fact
- 4:37that this guy should have been called the asylum.
- 4:39He's called in every because he was overt on the sin of steel.
- 4:43That's why we use that terminology.
- 4:45But regardless, this entire mitzvah of how you treat this
- 4:49slave and how he has to go free is based on the fact that's the
- 4:53mishpat of Hashem, which means based on the fact that the
- 4:56mishpatin come right after the 10 commandments, which means
- 5:01they come after the fact that you're a solid.
- 5:04Do you accepted Hashem as your God and now you have very exact
- 5:09mishpatin. The connection of our mishpatin.
- 5:13I should have seen left hand. You have to follow Mishpatin
- 5:16but. Ask did I ever It could be a.
- 5:21Guy who has a dad, he can't pay it back.
- 5:23Yes, he can go to the court and they could sell him.
- 5:25He could sell himself because he can't pay back.
- 5:27Absolutely yes. When they force him to sell
- 5:30himself, it's because he stole not any debt.
- 5:33But if he randomly decides to sell himself, that could be just
- 5:36he has a debt, he can't pay it now.
- 5:39So this really becomes a theme of all homage by team, which is
- 5:42they all laws from Hashem based on the fact that you accepted it
- 5:48Hashem as your Hashem. You therefore have these laws.
- 5:51I'll give you another one, the law that will be mentioned in
- 5:53the morning, in our morning Class A couple of years ago.
- 5:55And that is if you steal an animal and you sell it or
- 6:00slaughter it, you have to pay a very large fine.
- 6:02That's the amount. Some animals four times the
- 6:06amount, other animals five times the amount, big time penalty.
- 6:10But how do you define, how do you decide that one is 4 * 1 is
- 6:14five? It's like you pay a lot.
- 6:15Be consistent. So Rashid tells about suktans.
- 6:19Depends if it's an ox or a sheep.
- 6:21An ox you pay. It's a good point.
- 6:24An ox you pay five times the amount.
- 6:27A sheep. However, when you steal it and
- 6:30solder it or sell it, you pay 4 times.
- 6:32Why would you pay less for a sheep than you do an ox?
- 6:36Says the Gemara and Rashid quotes it.
- 6:40Because when you steal an ox, you can walk it out.
- 6:44When you steal a sheep, a small animal you can carry over your
- 6:47shoulder. And because of that, you're
- 6:50going to pay a smaller fine for the overall act of stealing and
- 6:54selling. What does that mean, right,
- 6:56Rashi? It tells you how much Hashem can
- 7:00identify every person's feelings.
- 7:04Meaning when the thief, by the way, we're talking about a
- 7:06thief, when the thief steals the ox, he can walk it out.
- 7:10When the thief steals a sheep, he's going to carry it over his
- 7:13shoulders. It's going to be a level of
- 7:16embarrassment, carrying that sheep over his shoulder, talking
- 7:20about a Jewish thief. And because of that, he already
- 7:23shaved off some of his punishment because he suffered
- 7:27some degree of embarrassment. And the Torah therefore gives
- 7:31him a drop slider punishment. Now this thing, this law is
- 7:35wild. It tells you a couple of things.
- 7:37Number one, we're dealing with a thief.
- 7:40He is not a good guy in general. He's a thief.
- 7:44And Even so, Hashem finds his level of embarrassment as
- 7:48something to factor in. Hey, he's getting more
- 7:51embarrassment than the other thief who got to steal the ox.
- 7:55God notices the Bouchard of a thief.
- 7:58And on top of that, God notices every person's emotion and
- 8:03feeling to the slightest degree where a sham would go ahead and
- 8:08compare the Bouchard of a thief, an ox of an ox up against the
- 8:13Bouchard of someone stealing a sheep and say if the guy is
- 8:18stealing the sheep is getting a little bit more embarrassed than
- 8:22the person can get scattered on his shoulders.
- 8:23And the first guy in the ox sounds like it's harder to steal
- 8:26an ox to me. No, but one you can walk out.
- 8:29I hear 1. You can walk out.
- 8:31Oh, the one you carried on your shoulders.
- 8:32So because of this slight level Bouchard we therefore have to
- 8:37deal with, he gets a slider punishment.
- 8:40It's a serious punishment. We drop less.
- 8:42How many laws, how many concepts do you pull out from this law?
- 8:45One that shouldn't can notice the feelings of a thief. 2 A God
- 8:48can identify every person's small emotion, every detail of
- 8:53your emotion. Hashem is noticing to that
- 8:56degree, comparing the two of them, and it tells us.
- 8:59And when you talk about other people, when you deal with other
- 9:01people, when you're interacting with other people, their
- 9:04emotions matter. What they're feeling makes a
- 9:07difference. Hashem decided to put into our
- 9:09Torah a different halacha. You going into such great
- 9:13lengths for who? For people who steal, you're
- 9:17making a difference. The Steelers, really, they get
- 9:18what they get, the thieves. Not every person has a different
- 9:22emotion. And that tells us that Hashem
- 9:25deals with every single person to the slightest, smallest
- 9:29degree. And we need to recognize other
- 9:31people in the exact same way to that slightest, smallest degree.
- 9:34So we started with the fact that these are the Allah Meshpatim
- 9:38and these are your meshpatim connected to the thank you
- 9:41members, which means the the laws of God.
- 9:44And because of that, every detail is noticeable in the
- 9:47transmission of the team. Now there's one more.
- 9:49I mentioned a drop on Wednesday night.
- 9:50I want to delve into it for a minute.
- 9:53And that is the paszuk says there's a mitzvah to help.
- 9:58There's a mitzvah to help unload an animal when it's buckling
- 10:02under the load. Why help your friend who was the
- 10:06animal and sorry about Lekhaim. The animal's suffering.
- 10:10You have to worry about it. I don't want to suffer.
- 10:12You're not let it let an animal suffer.
- 10:13We know that you can't let the you can't literally step on a
- 10:17bug and let it let it be half going.
- 10:19Either kill it or leave it alive.
- 10:21You're not allowing something to suffer.
- 10:23Maybe that's an example. Possibly not, because bugs may
- 10:25not be definitely true. With big animals, there's a
- 10:28constant called suffer fine. So if the animals buckling on
- 10:32the road, you help all know that animal separately.
- 10:36There's nothing that's about. Do you have an obligation if
- 10:40your friend has, he is trying to load his animal and he can't
- 10:48load the animal properly? All right, You have an
- 10:51obligation to help him load his animal.
- 10:55I'm going to see clearly. Yeah.
- 11:01You have an obligation to help him load his animal.
- 11:06OK, let's meet this. They give out rising.
- 11:10It's Yeah. They say like you enemy.
- 11:15Yeah, enemy, I'm sorry, yes, as to the honestly, this came out
- 11:20points out if you have a choice, your friend has an animal that
- 11:25needs to be unloaded and your enemy has an animal that needs
- 11:29to be loaded trying to load it. He can't get it up, He can't get
- 11:32the he can't even load on top of his animal, right.
- 11:34One needs to be taken off and one needs a load to be put on.
- 11:38What's more of an employment mitzvah?
- 11:40To unload an animal is definitely more of an employment
- 11:43mitzvah because animal's suffering, right?
- 11:46So now you have a choice. Your friend's animal needs to be
- 11:49unloaded and your enemy's animal needs to be loaded on.
- 11:54Who do you help? Again, one includes Sarbal
- 11:58Khaim. The animal is suffering.
- 12:02Who do you help? The second, the second one, the
- 12:04enemies. And why one ass includes another
- 12:08details. How about the cream?
- 12:09The other one? We're dealing with the enemy.
- 12:13Maybe you'll make Shalom somewhat.
- 12:14Maybe it's a good thing it's against animals.
- 12:15Now let's go further. When the Torah say him, humans
- 12:19against animals. But not really.
- 12:20They're both equal. They're both involve humans.
- 12:22When it's Torah. Let's go one more step.
- 12:25When it's Torah, you use the word enemy.
- 12:27What is it? Torah defined enemy?
- 12:29What is it? Torah defined enemy?
- 12:31We're not talking about some guy that you don't like.
- 12:33You know what talking about talking about that enemy,
- 12:35someone that that holds you should not get along with
- 12:40someone who's really your enemy. Someone about a person who
- 12:43really is a problem. Maybe the guy has a different
- 12:45belief or guy has a different way of life for merely wrong you
- 12:49really terribly something that's a real enemy.
- 12:52No 'cause then I don't think I don't think it's the same thing
- 12:56with the court for this. No, maybe for the concept.
- 12:58Maybe I think it's I was talking about a Jew.
- 13:01So we're talking about a real problem.
- 13:02Now, one SEC, you're talking about a real problem, and the
- 13:05mitzvah that you're dealing with is not as strong a mitzvah.
- 13:09It doesn't carry the exact same weight as the one as helping an
- 13:14animal unload from buckling under.
- 13:17I need that. I was telling you, help the
- 13:20enemies. He's not a good guy.
- 13:23It's less of a mitzvah. Why am I helping an enemy?
- 13:26This is right here where you see the concept of the Meshpati
- 13:30being the Meshpati Hashem and the theme is so important when
- 13:33it's to lead to all of the theme says the Gemara.
- 13:36Now why did that tells you that one?
- 13:38Because for this one, la ho ET yitsuo, you're helping control
- 13:45yeh Yatsihara. What does that mean?
- 13:47That means when your enemy's animal is buckling or enemy's
- 13:51animal needs help to load up, there's a party that's saying
- 13:56they deserve that parting is saying, you know, great, and you
- 14:01want to overcome that feeling. So because you want to overcome
- 14:05that feeling of feeling good about someone else suffering,
- 14:07which is a reality that some people often times feel when
- 14:10they see some guy who stole from them who's having a hard time in
- 14:13business. You see to yourself, he deserves
- 14:15it, right? Again, we're coming to him.
- 14:16That's full of shame. That feeling, Jackie, that
- 14:19feeling, allowing that feeling to go on is something you need
- 14:24to overcome. So what is that what I say
- 14:27choose that mitzvah, even though that mitzvah is a lesser or the
- 14:31too mitzvah and even though the guy doesn't deserve your help,
- 14:34he nest you over doesn't make a damn it.
- 14:36It's better for you. Which tells so often be the
- 14:40better person? So often, yes.
- 14:41Why? Because so often people spite
- 14:45and people in their minds say I'm a good guy in general, but
- 14:48for that person didn't deserve my help.
- 14:51That person. I pray for people in general and
- 14:54so and so I can't get myself to pray for him when he really has
- 14:58wronged me in the past. So as soon as I can't pitch in
- 15:00to help him, not financially when he messed me over or that
- 15:04family member, whatever it may be, there's that feeling that's
- 15:07hatred and that feeling often times is warranted.
- 15:11And that feeling feels like it's deserved and it feels only
- 15:15natural. You don't even feel like a bad
- 15:16guy. And you may not be a bad guy.
- 15:18We're talking about an enemy that the Torah considers an
- 15:21enemy. Where, where's the problem?
- 15:23Like the problem will remain in you and that is you want to show
- 15:29yourself that I can overcome these feelings because you want
- 15:33to show yourself I'm not limited to these emotions.
- 15:36I'm not so simple. I'm not So what's the word?
- 15:42I'm not so yes, exactly. I'm not so emotionally related.
- 15:45I'm not so basic. I'm not so silly or immature,
- 15:49whatever the term is. Hey, you want any tough, tell
- 15:51yourself I'm bigger than that. That's power one.
- 15:54And the second part is because these types of emotions lead to
- 15:59worse things. Once a person rationalizes
- 16:03their, their their right to get upset at somebody.
- 16:06Once you say so and so he wronged me, him.
- 16:11Listen, I like people. I get along with people all the
- 16:13time. But once someone messing me over
- 16:15those people, they're that's legally technically people.
- 16:18You let a smile when something bad happens to them.
- 16:20Like, listen, same issue, same issue.
- 16:22You ready? Here's the problem.
- 16:25Here's the problem. It may be warranty, it might be
- 16:28allowed, but think about the ramifications that it's going to
- 16:31have on you. What are your ramifications?
- 16:34Once you allow yourself to adapt an emotion of hate, even if if
- 16:39it's for a person that deserves that hate, you now open up the
- 16:43door to the emotion of hate. And that very possibly will not
- 16:47stick only with the worst people.
- 16:50It might move over the people who are good.
- 16:52The same thing is true when we debated whether you should be a
- 16:55critical person or a cynical person.
- 16:57Often times you should be, but you now open up your eyes to the
- 17:01prospective cynicist. The same thing is true if you
- 17:05feel like you should protest. Should I protest against
- 17:07something that's bad or should I not?
- 17:10Maybe once in a lifetime you should, but you've now opened up
- 17:13the door to the emotion of getting being outspoken about
- 17:17things. And all these emotions, they
- 17:20come from a kind of the negative side.
- 17:23So we have a concept. You should use your two Yitzers
- 17:27to do much What? Or the two Yitzers?
- 17:30It's a 12 equal inclination, of course.
- 17:33And Yitzhara, you should use Yitzhara Schneezer.
- 17:39How do I use my Yitzhara serbachem?
- 17:42So sometimes it calls for you to use that strong side of
- 17:46yourself, the aggressive side, the angry side, the hateful
- 17:49side, the critical side, maybe once in a while, then you have
- 17:53to use it. But when you do open up the door
- 17:55to that side, you better be very careful.
- 17:58And that is it's very possible next situation that same
- 18:03emotions didn't come out and it's not warranted.
- 18:05It's like the guy who rails on the, you know, the liberals
- 18:09because he doesn't can't stand them.
- 18:11And then he starts to rail on other parts of society which
- 18:15don't carry the same obvious clear disdain fame.
- 18:19Just he got used to that style. You know, he's always talks and
- 18:22now he's talking about whatever comes his way.
- 18:25Or the person who really has a very serious axe to grind.
- 18:30Someone messed him over no problem.
- 18:33Cuts those people out of his life.
- 18:34I hear you. Could have been it is what it
- 18:36is. But now he starts to peel the
- 18:39onion and now it's starts to play play itself out regarding
- 18:43people that are not as bad. He just got used to that
- 18:45emotion. So that's what I was telling
- 18:47you. Help your enemy more than help
- 18:50your friends. Even though the mitzvah that
- 18:52you're doing is less a significant mitzvah, but the
- 18:54outcome and what you're doing is you're the hope with its Rd.
- 18:58You're controlling your, it's what you're really doing is
- 19:01you're not allowing yourself to go down a road, which can be a
- 19:04dangerous Rd. which tells you at its core that every person has
- 19:09to be on top of that game. And say to myself, I'm not only
- 19:13just going to do what's right, I'm also going to do things,
- 19:16make sure to do things that develop me properly.
- 19:19Which means at times I have a right to do what's right, but it
- 19:23may develop me down the wrong road at times.
- 19:26I have a right to be outspoken, to say my opinion, to be angry.
- 19:29I have a right to even lash out. I have a right to cut that
- 19:34person out, to ignore a person. All those things are your right
- 19:38to certain people. How can you speak incorrect, but
- 19:41you can very possibly have that reflect your existence and next
- 19:45thing you know, the Kampali DNA, it's very difficult to stop at
- 19:49one person. It's very, extremely difficult
- 19:52to apply it to only certain people and to be the most
- 19:54awesome guy. You know what I know many people
- 19:57we know that are relatively decent people who have certain
- 19:59people in their life that they don't get along with or that
- 20:01they cut out. They start to get used to that
- 20:04way and starts to play into other things.
- 20:06Sometimes they cuddle, cut out a cousin, and then family becomes
- 20:09even closer. Sometimes they cut out the they
- 20:12have a fight with one person, they lash out and then it
- 20:15becomes a little more frequent. This is just the way out.
- 20:18I get, I get to know how it works.
- 20:20If you give it an opening, it goes.
- 20:23So what you need to do is, yes, you pick and choose the moments
- 20:27in life that you shouldn't be a little bit on the strong side.
- 20:30Sure, you should be a critical person at times, but you need to
- 20:33be very careful. It's like walking something
- 20:36across a very tie, really. A tie rope bridge I need to walk
- 20:40across. I need to say what I have to say
- 20:43once in a blue moon I do. I need to maybe even get angry
- 20:46once in a while. When I do it, I have to be
- 20:49careful not to fall in, be careful not to cave.
- 20:53The same thing is true with the emotion of being critical with
- 20:55his cousins. To me, doubt being critical
- 20:57person, an outspoken person, an angry at times, a fighting
- 21:02person, protests, all these emotions that come from the
- 21:06strong side. I have that place in society.
- 21:09The reality is without these emotions, the world will not be
- 21:13kept in check. If you didn't have certain
- 21:17outspoken people, if every person was a soft guy, it says
- 21:21everything is wonderful and beautiful.
- 21:23You know what Sunny would look like, Even our community
- 21:26society, if there were no outspoken people at all who got
- 21:30upset when when the community allows something inappropriate,
- 21:33you know what these happen. These would continue and
- 21:36continue they do, but they would go even further because no one
- 21:40is going to stop it. Society needs such people to a
- 21:43degree. They need outspoken people.
- 21:46They got to be careful. You're going to be that person.
- 21:48You have to be careful not to allow it to become the DNA.
- 21:52The opposite is true as well. It can be.
- 21:55Missus. Sweetie.
- 21:56Miss a nice person, Missy. Yes.
- 21:58I thought everything is soft and sweet and wonderful and kind and
- 22:02you never allow yourself to ever stand up for what's right and
- 22:05nevertheless up to ever what we call protest, be outspoken, be
- 22:09like that, critical. And then as he said on Sunday,
- 22:13there's a term called a petty. A petty is that word a fool.
- 22:16A fool is the guy who just goes alone with everything.
- 22:19You go along with the flow too much, it's dangerous.
- 22:22You become outspoken, too much, it's dangerous.
- 22:25You need to find a very fine line.
- 22:28And when you do, you pick and choose your spots, you
- 22:32development. And this is one of the laws that
- 22:33we learned from Al Mishpati Mal Prasha.
- 22:36That's the idea. So that I will tell you it's
- 22:39more significant and important to help your enemy's animal with
- 22:42a slight of mazzfa as it's. Tired and actually it's supposed
- 22:45to be, says it or. As a basuk SE kita E hamor Sona,
- 22:51when you see the enemy of your donkey, you don't want to help.
- 22:57If Azo, you shouldn't be Tazzo be more says the Gemalas Pasuk
- 23:02or have lefrock your friend whom you love, you want to help
- 23:07unload. There's Sonia lit on and your
- 23:09enemy. You want to help him load
- 23:11Mitzvah the Sonia you have to help Quede de la Hoffa Dito says
- 23:15the camera and to overcome. It's a so the pasuk just says
- 23:19we're enemy. The Camara develops and says
- 23:21choice of language. Enemy is telling you this point.
- 23:24Get involved. Help him because it's good for
- 23:26your outcome. This is overall a team, and then
- 23:28the game over there says what kind of enemy?
- 23:31Someone says what kind of enemy Are we talking about?
- 23:33A total level enemy, A really bad guy.
- 23:36It doesn't matter if you adopt these V dot.
- 23:39I've seen it a million times, literally.
- 23:41I mean, it's a little exaggeration, but I've seen it
- 23:43so many times where people originally had a very solid
- 23:46opinion and they were strong in a certain area and before you
- 23:49know it, they became strong about everything.
- 23:51I've seen it the other way too. You have to be able to calm the
- 23:55fine calm of life and to be able to sit through and weave through
- 23:59what is good and what is bad. Don't allow you yet said to
- 24:03overcome me. That's what it's all leaves you.
- 24:04This mishpah. He was down for this.