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25 BEST Scientific Study Tips · Motivation study

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Speaker 1: This video is a compilation of a series we created
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Speaker 1: on YouTube focused on helping you to become a remarkable student.
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Speaker 1: And so you're going to learn in this video from
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Speaker 1: beginning to the end, the 25 most scientifically proven and
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Speaker 1: practical ways to be the best student that you can
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Speaker 1: to overcome procrastination and unlock your true potential. So stay
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Speaker 1: tuned and comment below what you're going to do as
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Speaker 1: a result of what you've learned in this video. Did
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Speaker 1: you know there are people out there so good at
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Speaker 1: remembering things that they compete in tournaments of learning and
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Speaker 1: they are known as memory athletes. In an annual contest
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Speaker 1: called the World Memory Championships, they were given 20 minutes
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Speaker 1: to remember a list of 72 random words And on average,
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Speaker 1: they scored nearly 71 of the 72. By contrast, an
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Speaker 1: untrained control group could only manage 26. Picture where the
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Speaker 1: spoons are kept in your kitchen, the socks in your room,
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Speaker 1: the color of your toothbrush. These memory athletes use an
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Speaker 1: ancient Greek technique called memory palaces. And once you master
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Speaker 1: this technique, you too are going to dramatically improve your
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Speaker 1: ability to study effectively and finally open up your dormant
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Speaker 1: reserves of memory. The idea is simple. You walk through
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Speaker 1: an environment like your house and you place objects in
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Speaker 1: specific places and then you match the things you want
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Speaker 1: to learn with those objects. So when you're trying to
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Speaker 1: remember that information, Perhaps the notes you took that day
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Speaker 1: in class. This technique maps new information onto something that
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Speaker 1: your brain has already evolved to do extremely well. Recall
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Speaker 1: imagery in specific locations. The second technique I want to
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Speaker 1: introduce you to is also known as the protégé effect. A.k.a.
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Speaker 1: teach someone what you want to learn. A 2007 study
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Speaker 1: looked at this. How does teaching someone impact your learning?
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Speaker 1: Students in this study who were also teachers to younger students,
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Speaker 1: they scored higher on tests than pupils who were learning
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Speaker 1: only for their own sake. Why? Well, the researchers found
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Speaker 1: when you choose to teach someone else, you have to
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Speaker 1: work harder to understand the materials. to recall it more
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Speaker 1: accurately and apply it more effectively. Something known as depth
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Speaker 1: of processing. Physicist Robert Feynman created a mental model called
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Speaker 1: the Feynman technique. This technique has four steps to it.
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Speaker 1: Number one, write the name of a concept on the
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Speaker 1: top of a blank page that you want to learn.
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Speaker 1: Number two, Write down an explanation of the concept as
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Speaker 1: if you're teaching a new student. Number three, identify what's missing.
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Speaker 1: Go back, relearn and step four, review everything. Make sure
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Speaker 1: you're avoiding using complicated language and try to simplify everything
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Speaker 1: on the page as much as possible. Number three, if
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Speaker 1: I asked you right now, is reading again and again
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Speaker 1: a good way to learn? Is highlighting a good way
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Speaker 1: to learn? Is using keyword monics? Well, all of these,
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Speaker 1: they're scientifically proven to be relatively low in effectiveness for
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Speaker 1: long-term learning. At the other end of the scale, things
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Speaker 1: like practice tests, spreading out your learning, they are scientifically
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Speaker 1: proven to boost your performance. Let's take a look. In 2005,
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Speaker 1: a guy called Reagan A.R. Gurung assessed 229 students using
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Speaker 1: 11 different techniques of studying. He then matched their techniques
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Speaker 1: with their final exam scores. And many, but not all,
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Speaker 1: of the techniques they used, they did achieve better exam scores.
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Speaker 1: For example, the number of hours they put in, it
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Speaker 1: did help. But things like starting studying early or reading
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Speaker 1: material before and after class that didn't seem to be effective.
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Speaker 1: Reagan also found detriments to studying and one of them
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Speaker 1: was listening to music. So what did he find that
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Speaker 1: does work Well, Reagan actually found a technique that strongly
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Speaker 1: predicted your exam score. And that was the number of
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Speaker 1: times a student did practice tests. This one thing, above
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Speaker 1: all others, had a significant impact on how well they
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Speaker 1: did on their final exam. Have you ever heard of
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Speaker 1: number four, the Zaganik effect? It's a concept in psychology
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Speaker 1: that argues you remember uncompleted or interrupted tasks better than
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Speaker 1: the ones that you complete. Why? When we start a
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Speaker 1: task and then interrupt it, it creates a task-specific tension
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Speaker 1: that can improve your cognitive function. So step away from
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Speaker 1: your desk as you study. That tiny little tension that
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Speaker 1: you feel I still need to finish reviewing that chapter.
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Speaker 1: I haven't done the next paper yet. It keeps the
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Speaker 1: task at the top of your mind and this keeps
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Speaker 1: your brain focused on it. This way you can easily
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Speaker 1: access that information and remember it better. So how do
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Speaker 1: you take advantage of this technique? You take frequent breaks
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Speaker 1: during your deep work. The Zaganik effect suggests that students
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Speaker 1: who take breaks during which they perform Totally unrelated activities,
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Speaker 1: studying other subjects, reading a book, going on a three
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Speaker 1: minute walk, playing the piano. They remember material better than
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Speaker 1: students who go through longer study sessions without taking a break.
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Speaker 1: Cramming is better than not studying in the short term.
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Speaker 1: But is seven hours in one day better than one
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Speaker 1: hour every day for a week? If you are given
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Speaker 1: the same amount of time for study, Would you be
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Speaker 1: better off spreading it out? And the answer is a
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Speaker 1: resounding yes. Space it out. This is known as distributed practice.
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Speaker 1: And how general are the effects? How consistent? Well, one
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Speaker 1: group of scientists looked at 254 studies involving over 14,000 people.
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Speaker 1: And overall, students recalled more after spaced study than after
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Speaker 1: cramming and massed study. And the first thing you need
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Speaker 1: to do is go inside, not outside, for that motivation,
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Speaker 1: for that drive, the energy that you need. And it
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Speaker 1: starts with something you've heard many people say before. Remind
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Speaker 1: yourself of why. Why are you taking that course? Why
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Speaker 1: are you going to school? I know you have to,
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Speaker 1: but what is this for? Are you struggling because of
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Speaker 1: school or are you struggling for something? One of these
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Speaker 1: is a victim mindset and one of these is a
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Speaker 1: champion mindset. One of the most surprising things about motivation,
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Speaker 1: a common misconception that we have is that it often
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Speaker 1: comes after starting a behavior, not before. So this is
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Speaker 1: the problem. You're waiting for motivation to study when you
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Speaker 1: need to study to get motivated. Your mind is ruled
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Speaker 1: by two different systems. The rational mind and the emotional mind.
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Speaker 1: And both of them compete for control. Your rational mind,
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Speaker 1: it wants to change something. It wants to study. It
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Speaker 1: wants you to achieve your potential in life. The emotional
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Speaker 1: mind It loves the comfort. It loves the safety. It
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Speaker 1: loves doing the fun things, the procrastinating things. Every behavior
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Speaker 1: has a positive intention behind it. So stop waiting for
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Speaker 1: motivation and ask yourself, why does this matter? The second
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Speaker 1: thing you need to remember, start looking for the best
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Speaker 1: environment possible. Environment is the invisible hand that shapes your behavior.
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Speaker 1: You might think that your habits are a product only
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Speaker 1: of your motivation, your talent, your willpower, your effort, but
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Speaker 1: your personal characteristics, your intentions sometimes get trumped by the
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Speaker 1: environment around you. And this is nothing new. It's been
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Speaker 1: known for 80 years. In 1936, psychologist Kurt Lewin He
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Speaker 1: wrote a simple equation that effectively summarized human behavior. P
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Speaker 1: equals F brackets P E. This equation is basically saying
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Speaker 1: behavior is the result of that person in an environment.
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Speaker 1: So think about it. When you're sat in an exam,
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Speaker 1: you're at the front of the hall or the classroom
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Speaker 1: and the teacher is standing over you and 30 other
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Speaker 1: students are sitting in silence, writing away. Do you worry
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Speaker 1: about motivation? No. Are you motivated? Yes. The next tip
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Speaker 1: is state change. When you have no motivation, what is
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Speaker 1: it like? Just pay attention to your body. How is
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Speaker 1: it moving? What are your eyes focusing on? How many
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Speaker 1: tabs do you have open right now? How many other
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Speaker 1: things are you trying to do? What you need to
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Speaker 1: do is change your emotional state. Your mind and your body,
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Speaker 1: they're interconnected. When your body gets tired after a long day,
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Speaker 1: your mind gets tired. Just notice what your breathing is
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Speaker 1: like when you're motivated, when you're in flow versus when
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Speaker 1: you're distracted. There's several ways you can do this. The
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Speaker 1: first one is go for a nine minute walk. Spend
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Speaker 1: time with your loved ones. Talk about your motivation levels
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Speaker 1: with someone. Do some Wim Hof breathing. Play an instrument.
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Speaker 1: Take a long warm bath or shower. Because this gets
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Speaker 1: you into a relaxed state of mind. Which is important
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Speaker 1: to get you in the right frame of mind. The
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Speaker 1: right focus. And it's only when your mind is at ease.
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Speaker 1: That those alpha waves start rippling through your brain. And
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Speaker 1: you're more likely to look inwards. To introspect and think.
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Speaker 1: This is why I need to get this done. This
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Speaker 1: is why I need to focus. Tip number four, think negatively.
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Speaker 1: There's always people advising you to follow the law of attraction,
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Speaker 1: to think positively and envisage your success. But there's pros
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Speaker 1: and cons to everything. So it's important to think what
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Speaker 1: could go wrong. If you sit here doing nothing while
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Speaker 1: you're listening to me, the clock is ticking. You have
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Speaker 1: less time now than you did before. Do you feel
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Speaker 1: motivated now? Instead of a vision board, create a worst
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Speaker 1: case scenario absolute failure board. You can call it negative thinking,
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Speaker 1: but it's productive and it works. Once you've understood all
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Speaker 1: of the potential risks and you've prepared against them, there
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Speaker 1: is no more fear, just motivation. And the final tip,
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Speaker 1: set up a non-negotiable agreement. Call your friend and tell them,
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Speaker 1: if I don't do my assignment by next week, I'll
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Speaker 1: give you £ 100. This is known as a commitment device.
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Speaker 1: Because if you commit to nothing, you are going to
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Speaker 1: be distracted by everything. It's called hyperbolic discounting. It's a
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Speaker 1: fancy way of saying we overvalue the short run relative
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Speaker 1: to the long run. So if I give you two
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Speaker 1: similar rewards, you will show a preference for the one
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Speaker 1: that you can have now rather than later. And in addition,
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Speaker 1: you have to set a concrete goal. Instead of saying,
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Speaker 1: I'm going to lose some weight this year, I'm going
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Speaker 1: to do some more studying this year. You have to
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Speaker 1: say something like, I will spend two hours every day
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Speaker 1: after school in the library focusing on my maths module
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Speaker 1: that I'm weak on. You get what you focus on
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Speaker 1: in life. And if you don't know what you need
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Speaker 1: to focus on, if you don't commit to something, you
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Speaker 1: are doomed to fail and be distracted. Take it serious.
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Speaker 1: So the first thing that I want to say here
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Speaker 1: is go to bed at a set time early so
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Speaker 1: that you have a better chance of waking up early
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Speaker 1: in the morning. That 4 a.m. wake up, 5 a.m.
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Speaker 1: wake up, it doesn't just start at 4 a.m. and
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Speaker 1: it doesn't just depend on what kind of alarm clock
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Speaker 1: you're using, what bed you're sleeping in. The most important
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Speaker 1: thing is, did you get your eight hours of sleep?
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Speaker 1: Are you going to bed at the same time every
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Speaker 1: single day?
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Speaker 2: So you want to train yourself just like you would
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Speaker 2: train a puppy to go to bed at the same
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Speaker 2: time every single day so that your circadian rhythm, the
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Speaker 2: rhythm that you are naturally in based on your environment,
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Speaker 2: your psychology, you're going to bed at the same time.
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Speaker 1: So your body knows it's eight o'clock, the sun has
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Speaker 1: gone down and it's time for me to go to bed.
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Speaker 1: Even just half an hour or an hour every single
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Speaker 1: day of not getting enough sleep, it has a cumulative effect.
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Speaker 1: And so that compounding effect of all that sleep debt
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Speaker 1: that you've accrued, you're gonna have to pay it off
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Speaker 1: at some point. And this leads me to the second
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Speaker 1: proven way Some of you have heard of the great
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Speaker 1: speaker and role model and inspiration that is David Goggins.
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Speaker 1: And he talks about developing a calloused mind. The reason
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Speaker 1: he wakes up at 4 a.m. is he's training his
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Speaker 1: body just like when he's training in the gym. And
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Speaker 1: on his hands, he develops callouses from all the pull-ups
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Speaker 1: that he's done where he's hit the world record. In
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Speaker 1: the same way, I want my mind to know You
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Speaker 1: may have a tactical advantage over me. You may know
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Speaker 1: me inside out. You may try and conquer my weaknesses,
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Speaker 1: but guess what? I'm going to callous myself to that.
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Speaker 1: I'm going to develop such a powerful routine that I'm
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Speaker 1: going to stick to every single day because there are
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Speaker 1: so many flaws and things I need to change about
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Speaker 1: myself that I'm going to be immune to your tactics,
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Speaker 1: immune to my weaknesses. At 4am you wake up, it's
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Speaker 1: dark outside. There is nobody else on your street awake.
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Speaker 1: It's cold, it's damp, it's boring, it's not fun. But
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Speaker 1: you know what? I'm the first one up. You're going
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Speaker 1: to look around and realise I've done so much already.
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Speaker 1: My day has been won. And if you start strong,
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Speaker 1: you have a much better chance of finishing strong. Don't
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Speaker 1: leave these things to the last minute. And the third thing,
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Speaker 1: this is something that I've learned in my experience as
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Speaker 1: a life coach, is mentally check in with yourself on
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Speaker 1: a scale from one to 10. And I want you
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Speaker 1: to write down your answer in the comments right now.
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Speaker 1: Are you a 10? Are you a 10 out of
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Speaker 1: 10 for doing this? And if you are anything but
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Speaker 1: a 10, why not? If you're a nine, what would
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Speaker 1: get you to a 10? If you're an eight, what
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Speaker 1: would get you to a 10? I ask this question
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Speaker 1: Because if you don't have certainty, certainty in your mind,
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Speaker 1: I am definitely going to wake up at four o'clock tomorrow.
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Speaker 1: What do you think is going to happen at 3.55 a.m.
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Speaker 1: or 4.55 a.m. whenever you're waking up and that alarm
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Speaker 1: clock goes off and you're cozy, you're wrapped up in
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Speaker 1: your covers and you want comfort. Your brain wants comfort.
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Speaker 1: You don't care about being remarkable. You don't care about
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Speaker 1: waking up early. Why do I want to wake up
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Speaker 1: at 4am, 5am, 6am, 7am? What is the plan? I'm
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Speaker 1: going to wake up and do what? The clearer you are,
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Speaker 1: the less thinking you have to do when you wake up.
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Speaker 1: And complexity is your enemy of implementation. Tip number four.
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Speaker 1: Use tools and tactics to your advantage. You can go
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Speaker 1: on your phone right now, most of you have smartphones
18:44
Speaker 1: or you know someone that does, and you can download
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Speaker 1: an app where you have to scan a barcode before
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Speaker 1: it turns off. You can sleep with the curtains open
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Speaker 1: so you have no choice but to wake up when
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Speaker 1: the sun hits your eyes. You can't get back to sleep.
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Speaker 1: Use these things, design your environment in a way that
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Speaker 1: nudges you to take the right course of action. Design
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Speaker 1: it for yourself rather than being a dead fish that
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Speaker 1: goes with the flow. And the final, I left the
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Speaker 1: best tip till last, is learn your sleep chronotype. Waking
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Speaker 1: up at 4 a.m. won't change your life if your
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Speaker 1: body isn't designed for that. Your lifestyle is not designed
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Speaker 1: for that. If it means you're only getting four hours
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Speaker 1: of sleep, what is the point? You have something known
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Speaker 1: as the PER3 gene and what this gene does in
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Speaker 1: your DNA is coded into you that you have a
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Speaker 1: natural rhythm to your day. you know this already learn
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Speaker 1: to manage your energy not your time so create a
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Speaker 1: graph on one axis you've got the time of day
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Speaker 1: and the other axis you've got your energy and map
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Speaker 1: out what is my energy like throughout the day at
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Speaker 1: 10am I have a lot of energy I'm really creative
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Speaker 1: but at 1pm I'm finished But then at 6 p.m.,
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Speaker 1: I feel really energized. I'm so creative. I have 100 ideas.
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Speaker 1: And then at 11 p.m., my mind is wired to
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Speaker 1: get work done. But I need to get to sleep now.
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Speaker 1: So learn your sleep chronotype and realize that everyone's routine
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Speaker 1: is different. Everyone's sleep routine is different. Everyone's journey is different.
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Speaker 1: Everyone's success is different. You are different. And the first
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Speaker 1: thing I want you to realize is the most important.
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Speaker 1: Studies show numerous times a link between loneliness, anxiety, depression
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Speaker 1: and social media. As human beings we have fundamental needs
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Speaker 1: to relate and to belong and in recent decades with
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Speaker 1: the development of all these technologies, all of these apps,
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Speaker 1: all of these smartphones, There is a rapid rise of
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Speaker 1: being able to access the internet at any given moment,
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Speaker 1: of being able to communicate at any given moment. And
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Speaker 1: so the way that we use social media, the way
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Speaker 1: we use the internet is dramatically changed. Social media addiction
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Speaker 1: has been found to be associated with a host of emotional,
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Speaker 1: relational problems. health and performance problems and there's not just
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Speaker 1: one study i found there are numerous studies studies in
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Speaker 1: 2010 2011 2017 2018 but i want you to understand
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Speaker 1: the causes the consequences of being addicted it's of critical
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Speaker 1: importance that in your quest to being a remarkable student
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Speaker 1: You understand you can't minimize this problem. You cannot heal
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Speaker 1: what you continue to deny. So let's be honest about
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Speaker 1: our addictions. Number two, it's changing your brain structure quite literally.
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Speaker 1: The way the internet itself and social media works, it
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Speaker 1: hacks into a bug in your brain that loves getting
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Speaker 1: short bursts of dopamine, which is released every time You
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Speaker 1: check a notification every time you open the app. And
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Speaker 1: there is a great book called The Shallows, which shows
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Speaker 1: us exactly how this works. We are being conditioned to
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Speaker 1: always be reactive, always be waiting for the next ding,
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Speaker 1: ping or notification from our mobile phones. There are studies
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Speaker 1: that have been shown. There are programmers who've openly admitted
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Speaker 1: these apps have been designed by the same people who
22:51
Speaker 1: design gambling machines in your local casino. Every time you
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Speaker 1: play on a slot machine, you're waiting for the next novelty,
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Speaker 1: you're waiting for the next hit of dopamine. And when
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Speaker 1: you flick your phone down to refresh your feed, to
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Speaker 1: see the latest post, the latest video, it is the
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Speaker 1: same thing at play. Number three, is what Mel Robbins
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Speaker 1: talks about in her book, The Five Second Rule, that
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Speaker 1: every time we hesitate on doing something we know we
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Speaker 1: should get done, we move into what's known as a
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Speaker 1: spotlight effect, where we hesitate and our brain believes that
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Speaker 1: there's more of a threat than there actually is. And
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Speaker 1: so the more we train ourselves to hesitate, the longer
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Speaker 1: we hesitate for. And if you throw digital media, social
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Speaker 1: media into this mix, where when you hesitate for five
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Speaker 1: seconds or more, and you're supposed to sit down and
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Speaker 1: focus for the next two hours, but you look at Instagram, YouTube, Facebook, TikTok,
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Speaker 1: whatever your app is, and then you're lost for half
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Speaker 1: an hour looking at what other people are doing. And
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Speaker 1: this brings me to point number four, unreal expectations of
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Speaker 1: real life. Understand that what we are getting when we
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Speaker 1: look at people's feeds, when we look at people's lives,
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Speaker 1: We're getting a perfect filtered version of somebody else's life,
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Speaker 1: but not the messy behind the scenes because not everybody
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Speaker 1: is sharing vulnerably and authentically, but also realize that there
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Speaker 1: are many accounts on social media that their company's looking
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Speaker 1: to make a profit. Their company's looking to get paid
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Speaker 1: off of your views and likes. And so when you
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Speaker 1: judge your own life against the friend in your class
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Speaker 1: or the colleague at work, How is that making you feel?
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Speaker 1: And let's move now to the final point, digital minimalism.
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Speaker 1: Another great book by one of my favorite authors, Cal Newport.
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Speaker 1: He says in his book, the more you seek that validation,
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Speaker 1: the more masters you serve. And that dopamine, it messes
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Speaker 1: with your mind. You seek interaction, but a digital like,
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Speaker 1: it gives you nothing. You can't compare 30 likes to
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Speaker 1: 30 seconds of a warm hug from your favorite person
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Speaker 1: in this world. So you feel empty and you end
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Speaker 1: up chasing more and more hits and studies show that
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Speaker 1: there are links to the brains of drug addicts and
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Speaker 1: social media addicts. Similar pathways light up in the brain
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Speaker 1: and that link alone is enough to warrant a degree
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Speaker 1: of worry. And the first thing that I've done is
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Speaker 1: disable all notifications so I'm less distracted. I'm less likely
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Speaker 1: to check when my phone tells me I wanna check
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Speaker 1: tailor your feeds this is my favorite tool of all
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Speaker 1: follow uplifting and positive people you don't have to get
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Speaker 1: rid of social media it's not a negative thing but
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Speaker 1: you need to be aware of its dangers on iphones
25:54
Speaker 1: you can now set timers to restrict the amount you
25:57
Speaker 1: look at certain apps per day one of the things
26:01
Speaker 1: i also like to do When you're working, always put
26:04
Speaker 1: your phone out of sight in another room. That way,
26:07
Speaker 1: you're not going to look at your phone. You're not
26:09
Speaker 1: going to see the light flashing that there's another notification
26:13
Speaker 1: working for you. Ask yourself, why do I use social media?
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Speaker 1: Is it because everyone else is using it? Or is
26:21
Speaker 1: it because it helps me to achieve my goals? And
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Speaker 1: the first of the five ways that you can conquer
26:28
Speaker 1: your laziness is choose excellence. The first step is a
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Speaker 1: process that is often used in neuro-linguistic programming known as
26:37
Speaker 1: modeling excellence. To put it simply, this is the study
26:42
Speaker 1: of what works, what is excellent and copying that. There's
26:45
Speaker 1: no need to reinvent the wheel. You need to be
26:47
Speaker 1: clear on what you're getting done every single day, but
26:51
Speaker 1: also within your lifetime, what matters and what doesn't. Warren
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Speaker 1: uses a system that I like to call the 5-25
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Speaker 1: principle when it comes to setting these goals. I want
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Speaker 1: you to write down on a piece of paper 25
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Speaker 1: life-changing and inspirational goals that you want to complete before
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Speaker 1: you die. Things that if you could accomplish, you would
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Speaker 1: really feel like you'd mastered your potential. Once you've done this,
27:23
Speaker 1: I want you to take a look at your list.
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Speaker 1: Now your job gets more difficult. Choose from that list
27:28
Speaker 1: just five that you really want to complete above all
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Speaker 1: others and circle them. Everything that you don't circle but
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Speaker 1: those five, you cross out. That is now your focus.
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Speaker 1: Until you get them done, you don't do anything else.
27:45
Speaker 1: Number two is a calm mind. The next method you
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Speaker 1: can use is a mindful meditation practice, any that works
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Speaker 1: for you. And I say this because it's not meditation alone,
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Speaker 1: but the habit of meditating that builds the benefits. A
28:03
Speaker 1: 2012 study done by Italian neuroscientist G. Pagnoni found that
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Speaker 1: meditation not only changes brain patterns, but it also confers
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Speaker 1: advantages in mental focus that may improve your cognitive performance.
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Speaker 1: and Pagnoni recruited 12 Zen meditators who'd been practicing for
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Speaker 1: at least three years. He compared them with a control
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Speaker 1: group of 12 volunteers who'd never meditated but were the
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Speaker 1: same age and had the same education level as the meditators.
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Speaker 1: He then put each of them into an MRI machine
28:36
Speaker 1: to measure how their brain patterns were moving and functioning.
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Speaker 1: What did he find? Compared to the non-meditators, the meditators
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Speaker 1: had more stability in what's known as the VPMC, a
28:51
Speaker 1: region of your brain that's thought to be linked to
28:53
Speaker 1: spontaneous thoughts and mind wandering. In every test that he
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Speaker 1: did involving mental focus, the meditators who had a consistent
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Speaker 1: habit of meditating outperformed the control group on the task.
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Speaker 1: Number three is choice. Maybe you're not lazy, but you're lost.
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Speaker 1: A man convinced against his will remains of the same
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Speaker 1: opinion still. Did you choose to take on this work,
29:21
Speaker 1: this assignment, even if it was forced on you by
29:24
Speaker 1: your parents, your friends, your school, college, university? Did you
29:28
Speaker 1: take some time to make that choice your own? There
29:32
Speaker 1: is a concept known in the world of psychology called
29:35
Speaker 1: the locus of control. What we refer to when we
29:39
Speaker 1: talk about a locus of control in an individual is
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Speaker 1: something that dictates not just your own laziness but things
29:46
Speaker 1: like your attitude, your performance and fulfillment from life. And
29:50
Speaker 1: what it refers to is an individual's belief system regarding
29:54
Speaker 1: the causes of his or her experiences. the factors that
29:58
Speaker 1: attribute to your success or failure. There are two main
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Speaker 1: types of control, the external locus of control and an
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Speaker 1: internal locus of control. And if we take an honest
30:09
Speaker 1: look at your focus and procrastination today, is it based
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Speaker 1: on externalized factors or internalized factors? Which one has greater effect?
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Speaker 1: Which one has greater importance? If a person has an
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Speaker 1: internal locus of control, that person attributes their success to
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Speaker 1: his or her own efforts and abilities. On the other hand,
30:32
Speaker 1: if you have an external locus of control, you're constantly
30:35
Speaker 1: looking out the window instead of in the mirror. You're
30:37
Speaker 1: attributing your success or your lack of it to luck, fate,
30:42
Speaker 1: and therefore it's less likely you're going to put the
30:44
Speaker 1: effort in. That's not to say that an internal locus
30:48
Speaker 1: of control is good and an external locus of control
30:51
Speaker 1: is bad. There are other variables that we have to consider. However,
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Speaker 1: psychological research has found that people with an internal locus
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Speaker 1: of control, they tend to be better off in life.
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Speaker 1: Number four is contribution. When you think of the jobs
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Speaker 1: that people imagine as being the most meaningful, what do
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Speaker 1: you think of? Fireman, nurse, midwife, neurosurgeon, teacher. These are
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Speaker 1: all jobs that help other people in some way. There's
31:23
Speaker 1: a growing body of evidence that helping others is a
31:26
Speaker 1: key ingredient for life satisfaction. People who volunteer, for example,
31:31
Speaker 1: tend to be less depressed and healthier. A randomized study
31:35
Speaker 1: showing that performing a random act of kindness makes the
31:39
Speaker 1: individual giving even happier. And a global survey found that
31:44
Speaker 1: people who donate to charity are as satisfied with their
31:48
Speaker 1: lives as those who earn twice as much. And the
31:53
Speaker 1: final one, and perhaps the most important one, are you happy? Seriously,
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Speaker 1: are you happy? Are you connected with good people and
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Speaker 1: building good relationships? None of us exist in isolation, and
32:09
Speaker 1: the most common regret of those who are dying is
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Speaker 1: not maintaining good relationships with good people. You can't do
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Speaker 1: epic things with basic people. Social connection is the greatest
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Speaker 1: predictor of long-term happiness and the greatest long-term predictor of success.
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Speaker 1: It's not that success makes you happy. It's the other
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Speaker 1: way around. Being happy makes you more successful. I want
32:38
Speaker 1: you to take action on the videos that you've seen.
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Speaker 1: I want you to apply this to your own life.
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Speaker 1: And I want to end with the following quote. Whatever
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Speaker 1: the mind of man can conceive and believe, he can achieve.
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Speaker 1: Thank you.