Latest / SHULCHAN ARUCH YOMI: Own the Halacha in 25 minutes a day! / Yoreh De’ah 234:21-27. Iran and Purim 2026. Vows: Father or Husband Annulling, Only First Day, or With a Beis Din, On Shabbos, Deaf, Child

Transcript

Yoreh De’ah 234:21-27. Iran and Purim 2026. Vows: Father or Husband Annulling, Only First Day, or With a Beis Din, On Shabbos, Deaf, Child · SHULCHAN ARUCH YOMI: Own the Halacha in 25 minutes a day!

• 0:00
  I would just like to point out as the days of Purim the aura
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  the Kadusha Purim has already begun starting from Yud Aleph
• 0:09
  through Tet Vav Shabbos was Yud Aleph today's yudabet and the
• 0:15
  war against Persia and Iran we all know reminds us of Purim.
• 0:21
  And was Khomeini and many evil people killed yesterday?
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  We have to definitely remember to have Hakara Satov to Hakarish
• 0:31
  Barku say words of to Helen of thanks Sukim from Halal and
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  Havakara Satov for the Kailim Hakkadoshim and the Air Force
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  for protecting us, risking their lives and to continue praying
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  for the safety of Khali Israel and the world in Israel and
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  outside. OK, we're on Raish Allah medala.
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  Tell us Nidarin again regarding the Hafarah, the husband or the
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  OR the father, can I null it? So kaf aleph raish al ahmadalat
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  kaf aleph Ain of Mayfair nidre beetle veloha BA al nidre ishto
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  alabiyom shoma. So the only time that the father
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  or the husband can do hafarah is only if it's the same day that
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  he hears about it. Vidalka kolhayyom.
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  Now it must be anytime within that day.
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  Veloma 8 late but it has nothing to do with you don't get 24
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  hours doesn't go like that. You only have that day right?
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  That halacha day and it's not an issue of 24 hours.
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  Allow us to explain. Sheeem shama, but he'lla talaila
• 1:47
  made for koala Leila V Yom ha maharat, right?
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  The era VE vulgar Yom ekhad. So the halacha is the day starts
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  in the evening or at night, and it continues all the way through
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  the night, through the whole day until shkia, let's say the next
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  day. All right, we'll mention Benesh
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  Mashhas in a moment. So anyways, so if you hear about
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  it, let's say at night time, 9:00 at night, generally
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  speaking, wherever you are in the whatever, it's night time,
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  the sunset, it says it's 9:00 at night.
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  You have all night and all the whole next day, right?
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  So you get, you don't get a full 24 hours, but you get pretty
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  close the in Shama Samukhashekha.
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  But what if you hear about it right before shkia?
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  So you only got a matter of minutes.
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  That's it. Because you have up until shkia,
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  right? Because it goes by the halachic
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  day. Bhim shama samukhashekha Eno
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  mafer ella ad shetakshak. Soon as that day goes, we're
• 2:48
  going to, we're going to say shkia happens, right?
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  Because between shkia and seis, it's Benesh mashals.
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  That's a Suffolk. Generally, we're going to say
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  sphaca de rice to lacomera, sphaca de rabun and lacula,
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  right? So depending on what the case
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  is, usually we're talking about cases of de rice over here.
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  So we're going to call that a Suffolk.
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  Let's keep going. I'm going to mention that in a
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  moment again. So the whole day passes, right?
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  And it could be a matter of minutes.
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  It could be almost 24 hours, right, depending when you heard
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  you get up until the following Shia, I feel look, even bishti
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  Kato El Itzara now, why were you quiet?
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  Because you wanted to make her suffer.
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  You wanted to, I don't know, threaten her, make her think you
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  weren't going to do Hafara. You were whatever the issue is,
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  but you were planning to do Hafara any ya kala hafair.
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  But you were only quiet that day in order to annoy her.
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  But really, maybe you wanted to do a fara but the day passed,
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  right? You were planning to do a fara
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  but you didn't. The day passed, that's it.
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  You missed your chance. It's too late.
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  You only have until shkia, I mean shot the Commission any
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  odea shyesh biyad haba Ala hafair.
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  Now, this is different. Let's say you were quiet because
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  you didn't know that you had the right to do hafara, right?
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  It's your first time reading the khomesh about juva.
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  Whatever it is. You didn't get a great education
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  and you never knew about this halacha, or you heard about it,
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  you even read about it in the khomesh, but you never really
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  understood exactly what to do, how to do.
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  You didn't really cop what's going on.
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  So then you didn't know about it.
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  Oh, I feel yo daya Ella Shinadra neder SH savor she any Akola
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  after or you knew she made a neder.
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  And you know, there's this concept of doing Hafara, but you
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  didn't think that you were able to do it.
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  You know, you know enough because you know we're going to
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  learn more about later, as there's no personal affliction
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  to her. We're going to learn that you
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  can't do Hafara on every nether. So you thought on this nether.
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  It didn't apply for you to do Hafara.
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  All right, So either you didn't know about Hafara or you didn't
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  think that you had the right to do Hafar.
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  So then yaak Ola Hafar Fiaghar, Kama Yami, even days, weeks,
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  years later, or as long as she's still not beyond 12 1/2, if
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  you're the father anyways, you can even do how far when you
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  hear about it much later, because that didn't when you
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  first heard about it, that didn't count as your first day
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  because you didn't know about it again either.
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  You didn't know if the net there happened, right?
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  That's one case. Or now we're learning.
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  Even if you know about Aneda, you heard it, she made one, but
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  you didn't know about this halacha of doing hafara, or you
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  didn't think it applied to you and to her in this situation.
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  So that halachically that first day never happened until now,
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  until you understood that you can do a fara.
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  That's your first day, velohaviashti Kato quiyum.
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  And when you were quiet the first time you really heard that
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  didn't count as doing a quiyum to uphold it because you didn't
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  know I'm Vishatia Diato. And when you first find out
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  about your ability to do a Farah, that's Kiluhi shot, the
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  nether shot Yomashimiya. That's we consider it for this
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  halacha, as if when she first made the nether, when you first
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  heard about it, Viaferla koloto hayom.
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  And then you get that whole day, that's your first day, and you
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  get that whole day. We mentioned being a shmasha.
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  That's just interesting enough. Normally we consider banish
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  Masha's and halacha as a Suffolk, Suffolk day, Suffolk
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  night. But this is 1 interesting time
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  and where if a person, the Arakasholkhan points out, if a
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  person hears about it after shkia, he can do right.
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  Normally we say like this, if you heard about it before shkia,
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  then after shkia it's too late. The day already happened at
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  least on a on a spake of the right level.
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  But what about it? If you hear about it after Shia
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  before, it says you're in that period of Benesh Mashas.
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  So he says in that period you're sure vadai you can do hafar
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  because he says there's no time in the day where it's
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  impossible. If there would be a time in the
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  day like Benesh Mashas would be impossible to do a fara because
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  you wouldn't be able to be considerate the same day,
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  consider the same day. So then Khazal somewhere in the
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  Gomorrah in the Rishonima would have been clear.
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  But but we see there's Khazal never told us there is a time
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  where you can never do hafar, there's never this, no day
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  period, the same this. So therefore he's seen this.
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  It says it's never Pashit that certainly within that same Baina
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  Shamashas you can actually do it and it's not considered a
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  Suffolk. Now, obviously we're talking
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  about that same period of being a shmashas, right?
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  We know from shkia till 13 minutes, certainly that's, you
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  know, within those 13 minutes for sure, that's called being a
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  shmashas. What if you heard about it right
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  after shkia and then it's 20 minutes later, 30 minutes later
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  and may may that may no longer be called being a shmashas.
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  So that's the whole separate topic.
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  What is being a shmashas? Is it 13 minutes long, 1820
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  minutes long 24723035, depending which you know where you are on
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  the horizon, which country? So anyways, but if it's within a
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  couple of minutes within that scene being a Shmashas, he says
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  that's not a question. Anyway, let's get to cuff.
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  But Nadra Ishta a a woman makes a his wife makes a Neder Vicki
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  IMA and he wasn't Bekayam. He said a lashon to to uphold
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  her Neder. Apparently there is some level
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  of he wanted to uphold it right. We're going to see later on, not
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  hopefully today or tomorrow where you can have cases.
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  If you totally don't want to be a Makayim it, then you're not.
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  So we're we're we're going to still understand better when we
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  get to it. For right now.
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  He said a lashon. It seems like he had Kavana to
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  be upholding it, but and he said it properly.
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  There are certain words you you're supposed to use to uphold
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  it, and there's certain words that if you use them, it doesn't
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  doesn't do anything right. That's it.
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  You have to use the correct words.
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  We're going to see that soon, but cassava enola shon hakam.
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  But you use words. You had kavana to be Makayam,
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  but you use words that the the husband was pretty sure cannot
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  be Makayam. Those weren't the words.
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  He just threw out a couple words to be Makayam, but because he
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  wanted to, but he didn't think that that would actually work.
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  Alright, Ubo bayon Haferella and then after when he was Makayam
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  it, he actually used words that did work, but he thought that
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  they didn't work to do the kiyum to uphold it.
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  And so since he didn't think it worked that same day he would
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  wanted to to do hafarah like presumably he changed his mind.
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  So the halakhah says hakama to hakama.
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  When you did hakama, that was hakama.
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  It did uphold it. In other words, he did hakama.
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  He used the right words to do a comma.
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  He just didn't think that he used the right words.
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  The Vilnagan points out in the it's kiyum bataus have a kiyum.
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  If you do it by mistake, it works.
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  That's this is a halacha from the Rashba.
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  He writes on it. Actually, it's Arakian.
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  In other words, really that's Arakian is how much kavana do
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  you have to have when you do such a kiyum and can you do
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  kiyum bataus anyways? The Rashba says yes, and that's
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  what's codified in the halacha. But presumably it has to be
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  where you have there isn't a level of he wanted to be
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  makayan. Let's keep going.
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  So again, you did hakama. We're assuming on some level you
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  wanted to do hakama and you thought that the words were not
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  correct, but you knew that there was a Ned there.
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  You knew you had a right to do hafara and you did kiyum and it
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  was the right words. So it worked even though you
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  didn't think it worked. It worked because you had all
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  the right ingredients, the the absolute necessary ingredients.
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  You had to know that there was a Ned there.
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  You you knew about Hafarah and you did the actual hakama who I
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  didn't let me share the Ashish bilateral Hafaro to Neder
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  Shenadra. So too, if a person knows that
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  he has the right to do Hafarah of a Loya Dashitari Hafar beyond
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  shomo. So also he writes, I believe
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  this is also from the the Rashba.
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  So here also, you knew about the halakhah of Neder and Dulin
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  Hafara. You didn't know about the
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  halakhah that has to be done the same day.
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  You thought you had more days ahead of you to do it.
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  You didn't know there was a time limit again.
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  Also Kevan shavar yomshmiya Anna yakola hafar.
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  It's too late. You don't have to know about
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  every little minute minute in halacha and to know what is
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  every detail. You don't have to know
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  everything to know for it to be called again.
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  The main ingredients were that you know she made the nedder,
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  you knew you had the right to do Hafarah, and you just didn't
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  know about the time limit too late.
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  Once the day goes, it's too late because you knew about the
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  nedder, you knew about Hafarah, and you didn't do it the same
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  day. So Kaylan chavri al Hakam
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  Hafarah to Schaefer Hafarah, Farah Toe Schaefer Hafarah.
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  So this is interesting. You did Akama, right?
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  Then you did hafarah. So he said once you did hakama,
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  it's too late, you can't do hafarah.
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  But if you did hafarah that same day and then you do nishal all
• 12:30
  the hakama, it's kind of like doing hataras nadarium on your
• 12:33
  kiyum. So then that retroactively and
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  you do Hatara or Hashallah on the kiyum that retroactively
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  annuls and wipes away the kiyum. And then we say when you did
• 12:45
  Hafarah, it did do it worked because you did Afara on the
• 12:49
  same day. So you use the words of Afara
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  that afara's kilo like waiting in the air, it's hovering if and
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  then it'll fall, it'll and land and it'll haul.
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  It'll work if you're able to erase the kilum.
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  So it kind of works retroactive. The hafara works retroactively
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  to when you did the hafara because you are erasing the
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  kilum. The ain't no sorry clocks or the
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  huffer and you don't have to repeat the hafara and do it
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  again because you already you already did it right.
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  The hafara that you did on that same day sort of worked, but it
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  wasn't called yet because you were because of the kiyum was in
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  the way. OK, let's do another one.
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  Oh, we're in the middle, right, Kafkama, right Kafkama baal
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  shakyam nidre ishthof. So now the husband is makayam
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  nidre ishta vahalka. So this we kind of mentioned
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  that anytime a woman needs to wants to do a taras and dharam,
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  she can do a taras and dharam. Hafara is an added, right?
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  An added feature just because a a woman makes another her.
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  So there's an added she has two options, or the husband can do
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  Hafara or she herself can go to a based in and or three had
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  Yotos and do Hataris Nadarian. So either one works even and
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  here we're adding even if he did Kiyum, she can still undo that
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  Taras Nadarian, even though he did Makayum cause and and her
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  Hatara will go retroactively to the to the very beginning and
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  it'll just make his Kiyum nothing because it it already
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  had She's what did the Hatara and got rid of the net there
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  before even the husband found out about it.
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  So it'll just wipe away everything Haga.
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  Now there is an opinion that says once the husband does
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  hakama it's too late and can no long then the the husband can
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  the Hakamim can no longer do a Taurus Nidharim Haba vekharishla
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  you call khakham la Hatter and so some say you call right.
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  So the only time that hakamim can do atarasandaram is if the
• 15:23
  husband didn't find out about it or he found out about it and he
• 15:26
  didn't do kyum and didn't do how far.
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  But once he does kyum then it's 28 Vito of lahmar.
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  So the rahma says it's good to be Mahmar.
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  According to this opinion, the union in Kiyam Lahaba that if
• 15:42
  the husband actually did kiyam so then because there is an
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  opinion and says it's you can't be redone anymore, you can't do
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  attara so shahish alabaal al hakam the afrullah.
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  So look at Hila right to be Mahmir and to Beyoncé according
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  to everyone. Then the BA al we should ask him
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  to do Hashallah and the Kiyum and do Hafara and then you
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  should do and then they should do a taras and dharam or or they
• 16:08
  can also do a taras and dharam. You may know be Yom Shomo.
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  And even if it's not and if it's not on the same day.
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  So here there are Mazi vanilla more Mako for this Khomra and he
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  goes that's only if it's on the same day, but if it's on the
• 16:26
  next day. So then he says, OK, never mind,
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  and the Kahamian can just do Ataras nidari because there's an
• 16:33
  opinion that says that a husband can only do hashalla anakim on
• 16:39
  the same day. So we're only going to be the
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  Rama saying a little bit of a middle ground of how Mahmir you
• 16:46
  want to be. He says, well, if it's on the
• 16:49
  same day, then the Kuli alma, you can do Hashallah on the
• 16:53
  kiyum on the next day. Some say you can't do it
• 16:55
  anymore. So we're not, we don't have to
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  be once. We're not going to be Mahamur
• 16:59
  all the way. Once it's on the next day, just
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  do a tars dharam. Don't worry, don't worry about
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  it. Anyway.
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  The the, the shock says no matter what, once the husband
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  does kiyum, even on the next day, you should still do a tars.
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  You should still have him do if possible.
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  If you can get the husband to agree he should still do
• 17:19
  Hashalla on the Kiyum because some say it does work on the
• 17:22
  next day and that's what we do say.
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  It might say it can be done on the next day if needed.
• 17:27
  Birki Osaf also is pretty much more similar to the more or less
• 17:31
  similar to the shock that whenever you can once the
• 17:34
  husband decided to do Kiyum, you should always try and get him to
• 17:37
  do Hashalla on the Kiyum as well.
• 17:40
  Now everyone agrees but calls it La Katila.
• 17:43
  This is only a din La Katila. This camera like who should
• 17:45
  swear to Makamirim to worry about the Makamirim about
• 17:48
  Ikarakiswara harishona. But the real lot has like the
• 17:51
  Shalkhanarak writes that always a hakam or shlocha yodos
• 17:56
  material, a hakam about the swara harishon anytime needed,
• 18:00
  even there, especially bishatak always Khalim can do ataras and
• 18:04
  darim even if the husband is not being cooperative.
• 18:08
  OK, cough Talid Mafirin Nidarim, the Shabbat Alpha Pisha enam
• 18:14
  itzara Shabbat. So we know we learned by Helkos
• 18:17
  Nadarin, by Hataris Nadarin. When did we say you can do it on
• 18:22
  Shabbos? So that'll look what we know
• 18:24
  from Arakai and Shinmam olive and you're a day we just had in
• 18:27
  Reich Kafkad. We don't do Ataris Nadarian on
• 18:30
  Shabbos unless it's another that you need to benefit from or you
• 18:35
  need to undo it for Shabbos itself because then it's it's
• 18:39
  our Shabbos. But some if it's another that
• 18:41
  only effects you during the week.
• 18:43
  So then we say like we don't do Ataras Nadarian because Khazal
• 18:47
  Theron explains, we don't want Khazal doesn't want us to do the
• 18:51
  tirka of dealing with Ataras Nadarian.
• 18:54
  And on Shabbos we don't want an extra tirka Shaloh letzaric on
• 18:58
  Shabbos. That's the that's the one of the
• 19:02
  principles on Shabbos is not to do it tirka shalo letzaric.
• 19:05
  And this is an extra, you know, getting the rabbis together,
• 19:08
  getting the basement together to do something that's not
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  Letzaric. So that's what we So again,
• 19:14
  Ataris and Darian we don't do on Shabbos unless you need to.
• 19:18
  But yeah, but if it was done, it was done, right?
• 19:20
  That's what we learned before here when it comes to doing
• 19:23
  Hafaris and adarium. So always you do it on Shabbos
• 19:26
  if you want to. Why?
• 19:29
  Because it could only be done beyond shamo on that first day,
• 19:32
  if you. So it's always, it's our Shabbos
• 19:34
  in a way. Because if you let one day go
• 19:36
  by, you wait till Monte Shabbos. Well, the day's over and it's
• 19:39
  impossible to do a fara. So therefore, of course it has
• 19:42
  to be done that day. Voloyo Marla.
• 19:46
  Now this is also a Kumar Adinder Abana.
• 19:48
  Now when you do have Farah on Shabbos, so we're going to say,
• 19:52
  you say move Farah 3 times or whatever you're going to say.
• 19:55
  We're going to get to that soon, the Lushan to do Hafara.
• 19:59
  But if it's Shabbos, we don't want it to be so obvious.
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  We kind of cover it up a little bit.
• 20:05
  So you on the you mentally think that you're doing Hafara?
• 20:10
  And you still have to say something verbally in order to
• 20:13
  do hafara. But what you mentally say in
• 20:17
  your mind is the normal words of hafara.
• 20:20
  But verbally, outwardly, you're not going to use the regular
• 20:23
  words. They're going to be shinoy a
• 20:25
  little bit. And let's see, voloyo marla
• 20:29
  mufar lately. You don't say those words.
• 20:31
  You know that you're a Mufar. And go ahead and do what you
• 20:33
  need to do commercial Mara behold that you normally say
• 20:36
  during the week, Ella Mavato Bilibo you you say Mavato
• 20:40
  Bilibo. You're Mavato the Neder after
• 20:43
  you think in your head, you're being Mavato the Neder Neder.
• 20:46
  You're being made for the Neder. But the Omer and the words that
• 20:50
  you say, you tell her Teli ugly take the food and eat it,
• 20:55
  assuming that was another that she wasn't supposed to eat or if
• 20:58
  the Neder was she wasn't supposed to drink.
• 20:59
  You say Teli Ushti take it and drink it or whatever is a you
• 21:04
  know, whatever is appropriate for according to that neda so
• 21:09
  that you're giving a hint to her verbally that she no longer is
• 21:13
  bound to her Neda. OK, kafei haba al O of yakola
• 21:22
  hafar baloshimiya. The husband or the fathers can
• 21:26
  do afara without hearing, right? The pastor says you have to
• 21:31
  hear. So everyone agrees you have to
• 21:33
  be able to hear, but do you actually have to hear what have
• 21:37
  you heard about it in the news or a friend told you about it?
• 21:40
  Even who piquea, if he's a normal, you know, well with it
• 21:44
  person, he's just normally he's cognitive, he knows what's going
• 21:47
  on and he hears about it. He doesn't actually hear her say
• 21:51
  the Ned there, but he knows about it.
• 21:54
  You read about it, whatever it is about Inoshamaya, but he
• 21:58
  doesn't hear it. The Who?
• 22:01
  Medabra, but he's able to speak in a yakola haffer.
• 22:06
  But if he's sorry, if Enos, he's not able to hear.
• 22:09
  He's deaf. He's completely deaf, but he's
• 22:12
  not. He's not doesn't have a den of a
• 22:13
  shelter, but he's able to speak. He's wise, He can read, he can
• 22:16
  speak. He just can't hear, right.
• 22:19
  Even if you can't hear, even with hearing aids, you
• 22:21
  completely can't hear anything. So, but you have a den of a
• 22:25
  picaya. So then so the halacha says he's
• 22:31
  not allowed to do a forest and darn, because the Pasak uses the
• 22:34
  words of Shmia. So the so the because I'll
• 22:38
  explain, you have to be able to hear, but you don't have to
• 22:42
  physically hear her say the Ned there this time you can just
• 22:45
  find out about it. That's the first opinion.
• 22:49
  VH Hulkinerama says that some argue and say no it's not enough
• 22:54
  just to know about it, you have to physically hear PK akala
• 22:58
  akshayishman till he actually hears it.
• 23:01
  Omihu IM hafair vihar kashama viafara.
• 23:04
  So the Rama says if he hears if he first does hafara, he finds
• 23:10
  out about it, someone tells him about it, he he reads about it
• 23:14
  but he doesn't hear her make the nether or how does he find out?
• 23:18
  Maybe he just reads about it. Whatever he doesn't hear about
• 23:21
  it to you finds out about it and then he hears about it.
• 23:26
  Maybe he hears from her. Who does he have to hear from?
• 23:28
  Not clear, but she, he, then he hears about it afterwards.
• 23:33
  Then he can do the hafara. Then you can do a then.
• 23:40
  Then even though he did the hafara before he hears about it,
• 23:44
  it's still considered an hafara retroactively from when he did
• 23:48
  the hafara. You don't.
• 23:50
  So that's what it sounds like from the Rama.
• 23:52
  But the Sholkhanar says, no, no, this Allaha comes from the rush.
• 23:56
  And the rush says, no, that's not exactly correct.
• 23:59
  You have to, it's true. You can hear, you can hear about
• 24:03
  it after you do the hafara, but it can't be called the hafara
• 24:08
  cannot take place until you do the, until you hear about it.
• 24:13
  So therefore, if you're going to do the Hafara before you hear
• 24:15
  about it, so then you have to say like this, you have to say
• 24:19
  when I hear about it, then the Hafar is going to work.
• 24:24
  And he also points out for the father, he has to still be her
• 24:27
  father, that she still has to be under 12 1/2 or not married when
• 24:32
  he, when he hears about it. Because if he hears about it,
• 24:36
  the Hafaro was done when he she was young enough or still
• 24:39
  erosine and then she becomes married or too old.
• 24:44
  So then it's too late. It doesn't work.
• 24:45
  It doesn't work anymore. Let's just do kavav hashota anal
• 24:50
  Mayfair someone who is not as as as mentally not with it.
• 24:56
  So then he can He cannot do hafara with his mind.
• 24:59
  He has no das even if he was properly married when he was
• 25:03
  wise or coherent Piquet. But now something happened and
• 25:08
  he lost his mind and he's not able to think straight or take
• 25:12
  care of himself and he's considered a shota.
• 25:14
  Then he can no longer do it. And a cub Zion is cotton anal
• 25:19
  Mayfair laficia analo issued. And a child also can't do a far
• 25:24
  as nadarim because a child can not be married holocaustly.
• 25:29
  A cotton cannot marry a woman until he's a ghetto.
• 25:32
  So since he's a cotton and he can't be married, he can never
• 25:36
  be considered the ball of the girl or the woman and so
• 25:40
  therefore it's not shy for him to do it.
• 25:43
  And so to a shota, if he gets married, that there's no issued
• 25:47
  by a shota.