Latest / Elon Musk Podcast / SpaceX Targets Two Trillion Dollar Orbital IPO
Transcript
- 0:00Elon Musk's SpaceX has secured an option to acquire the
- 0:03artificial intelligence coding startup Cursor for $60 billion,
- 0:08or alternatively pay a $10 billion fee entirely for their
- 0:13joint development work. I mean, the dollar amounts
- 0:15attached to that agreement are just staggering.
- 0:17Yeah, it's a huge number. We are looking at a deal that
- 0:20combines the world's most valuable private aerospace
- 0:23company with a heavily used enterprise software tool and the
- 0:27specific software arrangement it operates as the linchpin in a
- 0:30much larger strategy. We're talking about an upcoming
- 0:33initial public offering, the complete absorption of the ACC
- 0:37AI platform, and the deployment of server farms in low Earth
- 0:41orbit. OK, so how does acquiring a
- 0:43desktop coding application justify a multi trillion dollar
- 0:47aerospace valuation and lead to launching data centers into
- 0:50space? Well, the $60 billion cursor
- 0:53option exists entirely to bolster the financial narrative
- 0:56of the company's upcoming initial public offering.
- 0:59They are targeting a 1.75 trillion to $2 trillion
- 1:04valuation in this public offering, and they're actively
- 1:08seeking to raise up to $75 billion in new capital.
- 1:12Wow. I put those numbers into
- 1:14perspective for you. Raising $75 billion would easily
- 1:18surpass the Saudi Aramco listing.
- 1:20Making it the largest effort. Exactly the largest public
- 1:24offering in the history of the global capital markets.
- 1:26But the revenue multiple required to reach that specific
- 1:30target is just astonishing. I mean, if you look at the
- 1:32private valuation of the aerospace company just prior to
- 1:35these new financial maneuvers, it's sat at roughly $800
- 1:39billion. Right, which is already huge.
- 1:41Exactly. But jumping from 800 billion to
- 1:43a public target of 2 trillion means they are asking public
- 1:46markets to price the stock at a 100 to 125 times revenue
- 1:51multiple. That's a huge leap.
- 1:53It is for an investor to see any mathematical return on a
- 1:56multiple that high. The company would require
- 1:59roughly 40% annualized revenue growth for an entire decade just
- 2:03to break even on the initial pricing.
- 2:06And you just do not typically see those kinds of multiples
- 2:09applied to companies that manufacture heavy industrial
- 2:12hardware. No, definitely not.
- 2:14Because manufacturing rockets requires massive capital
- 2:17expenditure, you have to build factories, procure raw materials
- 2:21like stainless steel and titanium, employ thousands of
- 2:23aerospace engineers, and, you know, deal with the physical
- 2:27reality of building machines that routinely explode during
- 2:30testing. Right.
- 2:31Rockets blow up, software doesn't.
- 2:33Exactly. Industrial hardware companies
- 2:35traditionally trade at a fraction of that multiple, which
- 2:38is exactly why the financial foundation of the company has
- 2:41fundamentally shifted toward connectivity.
- 2:43The Internet side of things. Right.
- 2:45The underlying financials of the Starlink satellite Internet
- 2:48division generate the bulk of current revenue.
- 2:51The network has expanded to 9.2 million subscribers spread
- 2:56across 150 countries. That's a lot of dishes.
- 2:59It is. Those subscriptions generate
- 3:01roughly $16 billion in annual revenue, and the company reports
- 3:05an $8 billion profit from those specific operations.
- 3:09OK. But those profit margins require
- 3:11incredibly close scrutiny, you know.
- 3:14Oh absolutely. The global top line numbers look
- 3:16phenomenal On a slide deck, 50% profit margins sound like a
- 3:20software company, which is the exact narrative they want to
- 3:23push, of course. But when you examine specific
- 3:25regional filings, the picture changes dramatically.
- 3:28Like there is a specific filing from their European subsidiary
- 3:32operating in the Netherlands that shows a Net margin of less
- 3:36than 3%. Less than than 3%.
- 3:37Less than 3% and the gap between a 3% regional margin and a 50%
- 3:42global margin comes down to a very specific accounting
- 3:45mechanism. It's a $4 billion internal
- 3:49launch subsidy. Yeah, the mechanics of that
- 3:51subsidy are fascinating. The company generates 80% of its
- 3:55total launch revenue by paying itself to launch its own
- 3:58Starlink satellites. So they're their own biggest
- 4:01customer. It operates as a completely
- 4:03enclosed economic loop. When a Falcon 9 rocket launches
- 4:06a batch of satellites, the Internet division pays the
- 4:09launch division. They are booking revenue for
- 4:12launches that serve to build their own Internet
- 4:14infrastructure. Moving money from the left
- 4:16pocket to the right pocket. Exactly.
- 4:19By moving the money around like that, they can present a highly
- 4:22profitable launch cadence while absorbing the actual costs
- 4:26within the broader corporate structure.
- 4:28Which fundamentally changes how public markets must evaluate
- 4:32aerospace economics. By bundling the hardware
- 4:35manufacturing business, the launch services and the high
- 4:38margin Internet subscription business together into one
- 4:41single entity, they successfully shift the focus away from the
- 4:45low margin realities of building physical rockets.
- 4:48Because nobody wants to invest in low margin hardware.
- 4:51Right. So public market investors are
- 4:53being asked to evaluate the entire conglomerate using
- 4:56software and connectivity multiples, effectively ignoring
- 4:59the traditional metrics used for industrial hardware evaluations.
- 5:03But to justify that astronomical valuation jumped to $2 trillion,
- 5:07the company could not just rely on rockets or even the enclosed
- 5:10economics of satellite Internet. They needed more.
- 5:13They had to alter the fundamental identity of the
- 5:15organization by completely absorbing an artificial
- 5:18intelligence firm. Okay, the X AI deal, yes.
- 5:21They executed an all stock transaction that merged XAI
- 5:25directly into the aerospace company.
- 5:28That specific merger valued the combined entity at $1.25
- 5:34trillion, and it specifically valued the artificial
- 5:38intelligence firm XAI at $250 billion.
- 5:42And the mechanics of an all stock transaction are critical
- 5:45to understand here for anyone looking at this deal.
- 5:47No actual cash changed hands to facilitate this.
- 5:50Merger right, No wire transfers. Instead, they essentially
- 5:53printed new shares of the combined company and used those
- 5:56to absorb the artificial intelligence division.
- 5:59This maneuver allows them to assign these massive private
- 6:01valuations without needing to secure hundreds of billions of
- 6:04dollars in liquid capital from banks.
- 6:06And this execution relies on a financial concept known as the
- 6:09valuation matriyevska. The nesting dolls.
- 6:12Exactly. If you picture those Russian
- 6:14nesting dolls where one fits perfectly inside the other, that
- 6:18is exactly what they have built with these corporate structures.
- 6:22It operates as a sequence of nesting corporate entities.
- 6:25How so? Well, first, the social media
- 6:28platform X was acquired by X AI at a significantly reduced
- 6:33valuation. In that step, X cease to be an
- 6:36independent social media business evaluated on its
- 6:39ability to generate advertising revenue.
- 6:41Right, the ads don't matter as much anymore.
- 6:43Right. Instead, it became a dedicated
- 6:44data source used specifically for artificial intelligence
- 6:47training. Then the next all was stacked.
- 6:51The newly combined entity of X and XAI was absorbed by the
- 6:54aerospace company. Yeah, hold on, Wait.
- 6:56Back up. I want to make sure you catch
- 6:57this because the structure is dizzying.
- 6:59It really is. So an unprofitable social media
- 7:02platform is inside an AI startup, which is now inside a
- 7:05rocket company. That is the exact structural
- 7:08reality of the organization, and the ownership web extends even
- 7:11further than that. Oh yeah, Tesla shareholders,
- 7:14following a previous $2 billion investment in XAI, now owned
- 7:18preferred stock in an entity controlled entirely by an
- 7:22aerospace company. That is incredibly messy.
- 7:25And it gets better. The Artificial Intelligence
- 7:27division is carrying high double digit interest rate debt which
- 7:31is secured by physical graphics processing units as collateral.
- 7:35The chips themselves. Yes, they pledge their computer
- 7:39chips to secure the loans required to keep the systems
- 7:41running. Wow, securing high interest debt
- 7:44with depreciating computer hardware is incredibly
- 7:47aggressive. Very.
- 7:48I mean graphics processing units or GPU's lose value quickly as
- 7:52faster, more efficient chips hit the market.
- 7:55If you default on a loan secured by real estate, the bank takes
- 7:58the building, which likely holds its value.
- 8:01Land is land. But if you default on a loan
- 8:03secured by a 2 year old computer chip, the bank takes a piece of
- 8:06hardware that might be functional obsolete.
- 8:09But you know, this massive corporate structure limits the
- 8:13ability of outside investors to scrutinize the individual cash
- 8:17burn or profitability of the social media platform or the
- 8:21artificial intelligence division.
- 8:22Because it's all buried. Because they are now shielded
- 8:25completely within the broader aerospace revenue, you cannot
- 8:28easily parse out how much money the large language models are
- 8:31losing. No, you can't.
- 8:32From a corporate finance perspective, I actually view
- 8:35this as a brilliant shielding maneuver.
- 8:38Really. Yeah, they have taken extreme
- 8:40cash burn technologies, social media platforms and large
- 8:44language model training and hidden them safely inside a
- 8:47highly profitable government subsidized launch business.
- 8:51It protects the incredibly fragile AI valuation from direct
- 8:55public market scrutiny. OK, I view this entirely
- 8:57differently. Yeah, you might see a brilliant
- 8:59shielding maneuver, but this operates as a severe governance
- 9:03nightmare. How?
- 9:04You mean consolidating these massive, highly distinct
- 9:07businesses without any independent fairness?
- 9:09Opinions creates a complete fiduciary stress test.
- 9:12Right, the boards overlap. Exactly.
- 9:15When you have overlapping boards of directors and preferred
- 9:18shareholders from an automotive company suddenly holding equity
- 9:21in a rocket manufacturer just because the founder decided to
- 9:24merge the entities, it creates A chaotic environment for any
- 9:28institutional investor trying to properly assess risk.
- 9:32That's a fairpoint. The blending of high interest
- 9:34debt secured by rapidly depreciating computer chips with
- 9:38revenue generated by launching critical federal satellites
- 9:41creates a highly unstable corporate architecture.
- 9:44So with the artificial intelligence division
- 9:46successfully absorbed into that architecture, the newly combined
- 9:50entity immediately utilized its massive computing power to court
- 9:53CURSOR, which sits as the fastest growing tool in the
- 9:56entire enterprise software sector.
- 9:58Right. The mechanics of the Cursor deal
- 10:00present a strict binary choice. The agreement grants an option
- 10:04for an outright acquisition of the startup for $50 billion, or,
- 10:08alternatively, a $10 billion payment specifically allocated
- 10:11for joint development work. And to understand why those
- 10:14dollar amounts are so large for a software application, we have
- 10:17to look closely at the current AI coding tool ecosystem.
- 10:21It's crowded right now. Very crowded.
- 10:24There are three main approaches dominating the market right now.
- 10:28First, you have GitHub Copilot, which is an accessible $10 a
- 10:32month extension that functions essentially as highly advanced
- 10:36auto complete. Right, you type it finishes the
- 10:39thought. Exactly.
- 10:41A developer starts typing a line of code and copilot suggests the
- 10:44rest of the line based on the context.
- 10:46Then you have Quad code which takes a completely different
- 10:49approach. It is a terminal native
- 10:50autonomous agent and it features a 1,000,000 token context
- 10:55window. And we should probably define
- 10:56what a token context window actually means for you.
- 10:59Yeah, that's a good idea. In artificial intelligence, a
- 11:02token is roughly equivalent to a word or a piece of a word.
- 11:05The context window is the model short term memory.
- 11:08It's how much information it can hold in its head at one exact
- 11:12moment. So 1,000,000 words.
- 11:13Basically a 1,000,000 token context window means the AI can
- 11:17read and process an enormous amount of an applications code
- 11:20base simultaneously. It scores 80.8% on the SWE bench
- 11:25for complex multi file refactoring.
- 11:27Which is high. Very high.
- 11:28The SWE Bench is a rigorous testing framework that evaluates
- 11:33an AI's ability to solve real world software engineering
- 11:37issues found on platforms like GitHub.
- 11:39Right. Scoring over 80% means the AI
- 11:41can look at multiple interconnected files, understand
- 11:44how a change in one affects the others, and successfully rewrite
- 11:48the code without breaking the application.
- 11:50Finally you have cursor which is a $20.00 a month AI native
- 11:54integrated development environment.
- 11:56An IDE. An IDE?
- 11:57Yeah, unlike Copilot which just sits inside an existing program,
- 12:02Cursor is an entirely self-contained workspace.
- 12:05Cursor excels at visual multi file editing and utilizing
- 12:08background agents. Meaning the AI does work while
- 12:11you're busy doing something else.
- 12:13Exactly. A developer can highlight the
- 12:15section of code, ask the background agent to rewrite it
- 12:17to be more efficient, and the AI will complete that task while
- 12:21the developer continues working on a completely different part
- 12:23of the application and. Cursor has experienced hyper
- 12:26growth within that specific ecosystem.
- 12:28They have reached $2 billion in annual recurring revenue.
- 12:32That's. Wild for an enterprise software
- 12:34company hitting 2 billion in recurring revenue demonstrates
- 12:38extreme stickiness with their client base.
- 12:41Their software is currently used by 67% of the Fortune 500.
- 12:46Wow. Yeah, they have successfully
- 12:47captured the high end enterprise developer market.
- 12:50But the underlying economics of Cursor's business model show
- 12:54exactly why they would agree to this arrangement with the
- 12:57aerospace company. The API costs.
- 12:59The API Costs Cursor currently pays retail prices to companies
- 13:03like Anthropic and Open AI for direct access to their
- 13:07underlying language models. Every single time a Cursor user
- 13:11prompts the system to generate a block of code, Cursor pays an
- 13:15API fee to the very companies they are competing against in
- 13:18the broader AI market. It's.
- 13:19Huge disadvantage. They are effectively funding
- 13:22their own direct competitors just to keep their software
- 13:24functioning. Which is why the $10 billion
- 13:27alternative payment opens up a Compute for equity handshake.
- 13:30Cursor gets direct access to the Colossus supercomputer, which
- 13:34possesses computing power equivalent to 1,000,000 NVIDIA,
- 13:38each 100 chips. That is an unbelievable amount
- 13:41of power. Is this access allows Cursor to
- 13:44train their own proprietary coding models without relying on
- 13:48their competitors infrastructure?
- 13:49And what does SpaceX get? In exchange, the aerospace
- 13:52company gains immediate access to a massive stream of
- 13:55enterprise software revenue, which creates a highly
- 13:59attractive software narrative to bolster the financials of their
- 14:03upcoming public offering. The massive volume of compute
- 14:06required to train proprietary models for tools like Cursor,
- 14:10combined with the energy demands of the Colossus supercomputer,
- 14:13is rapidly exhausting the physical limits of Earth's power
- 14:17grid. We're just running out of power.
- 14:18We are simply running out of places to plug these machines
- 14:21in. This severe resource exhaustion
- 14:24has led to the most extreme proposal the aerospace company
- 14:27has ever produced. They submitted a formal filing
- 14:30to the Federal Communications Commission requesting
- 14:32authorization for an entirely new non geostationary orbit
- 14:36system. A new satellite constellation.
- 14:38Yes, the application details a network of up to 1,000,000
- 14:42individual satellites designed specifically to function as
- 14:45fully operational orbital data centers.
- 14:47The physics and orbital parameters of this plan are
- 14:50fascinating to examine. The satellites would operate at
- 14:54altitudes between 502,000 kilometers above the Earth,
- 14:58specifically utilizing Sun synchronous orbits.
- 15:01Which is a very deliberate choice.
- 15:03Right. This exact orbit matters
- 15:05immensely because the satellite rides the Terminator line.
- 15:09The Terminator line is the dividing boundary between day
- 15:12and night on Earth. By matching the satellites
- 15:14orbital speed with the Earth's rotation around the sun, the
- 15:18satellite never falls into the planet's shadow.
- 15:21This specific placement allows for near constant solar
- 15:24exposure. And because the solar panels are
- 15:27operating in the vacuum of space, there is absolutely no
- 15:30atmospheric filtering of the sunlight.
- 15:32So it's perfectly clear. Yes.
- 15:34On Earth, clouds, dust, and the atmosphere itself scatter the
- 15:38light before it ever hits a solar panel.
- 15:40In space, the light hits the panels with complete intensity,
- 15:43and because they are riding the Terminator line, there are no
- 15:46nighttime cycles to interrupt power generation.
- 15:48Constant power. A solar panel in this specific
- 15:50orbit can generate up to 40 times more usable energy than an
- 15:54identical panel placed on the surface of the Earth.
- 15:57But the technical infrastructure required to link 1,000,000
- 16:00server nodes in space is highly complex.
- 16:03The system relies entirely on high bandwidth optical inter
- 16:07satellite links. Yeah, they are essentially
- 16:10creating a vast laser mesh network in a vacuum to rapidly
- 16:15route data traffic between the servers and down to the ground
- 16:18stations. Right?
- 16:19Furthermore, placing these incredibly heavy compute nodes
- 16:22into space relies entirely on the Starship vehicles 200 ton
- 16:26payload capacity. A standard communications
- 16:29satellite weighs a fraction of what a server rack weighs.
- 16:33No other launch vehicle currently in existence possesses
- 16:35the raw lift capability required to physically transport this
- 16:39much heavy server hardware into orbit.
- 16:41Wait, let me just pull back here for a second.
- 16:43Because we are talking about launching massive server farms
- 16:45into the vacuum of space simply because we literally do not have
- 16:49enough electricity available on the ground to power the
- 16:51artificial intelligence industry.
- 16:53Exactly. We are out of juice down here,
- 16:55so we have to go up and the financial equation provided by
- 16:58the company in their filings attempts to rationalize the
- 17:01physics of doing this. How do they justify the cost?
- 17:03They claim that with the launch cost of the Starship vehicle
- 17:07dropping below $100 per kilogram, orbital computing
- 17:10could actually become 25% cheaper than running ground
- 17:14based operations. Really.
- 17:15Cheaper. Yes, think about what goes into
- 17:18building a terrestrial data center.
- 17:20You have the rising cost of commercial real estate.
- 17:23You have massive terrestrial grid interconnection delay where
- 17:27power companies tell developers they will have to wait years
- 17:30just to hook up a new facility. Because the grid can't handle
- 17:32it. Right, you also have the immense
- 17:34cost of cooling infrastructure. Keeping 1,000,000 running
- 17:37computer chips from melting down requires millions of gallons of
- 17:41water and massive industrial air conditioning systems.
- 17:45By moving the servers to a vacuum that sits near absolute
- 17:480, the cooling problem is functionally solved by the
- 17:52environment itself. That's fascinating, and they aim
- 17:55to eventually generate 100 gigawatts of compute capacity
- 17:59through this orbital network. 100 gigawatts.
- 18:02In the regulatory filing, they specifically describe this
- 18:05energy capacity as a step toward achieving A Kardashev Tucker
- 18:09level civilization. Oh, the Kardashev scale.
- 18:12Yeah, the Kardashev scale is a method of measuring a
- 18:15civilization's level of technological advancement based
- 18:18entirely on the amount of energy it is able to harness.
- 18:20OK, remind me how that works. A type of civilization can
- 18:23harness all the energy of its its home planet.
- 18:26A Type 2 civilization can harness all the energy of its
- 18:29home star by moving power generation and computation
- 18:33directly into space to capture unfiltered solar energy.
- 18:36They are framing this infrastructure project as an
- 18:39evolutionary leap in human technology.
- 18:42This physically relocates the primary bottleneck of artificial
- 18:45intelligence development. The constraint limiting AI
- 18:48growth is no longer the physical power grid infrastructure or the
- 18:51availability of real estate on Earth.
- 18:54The new bottleneck is strictly launch cadence and payload
- 18:57capacity in space. If a company wants more
- 19:00computing power, they physically have to launch more rockets to
- 19:04put more servers into orbit. But relocating critical
- 19:07computing infrastructure into orbit using a complex mix of
- 19:10international software and hardware components immediately
- 19:14triggers intense government scrutiny.
- 19:16Oh, I'm sure regulators love this.
- 19:18Not at all. The regulatory backlash against
- 19:20this plan is already servicing rapidly US senators have
- 19:24formally demanded probes into the company regarding strict
- 19:27foreign ownership control or influence rules.
- 19:29Oh, because of the funding. Exactly.
- 19:31There are specific detailed reports outlining undisclosed
- 19:35funds being routed through various entities in the
- 19:37Caribbean and the British Virgin Islands, specifically to
- 19:40purchase private shares in the aerospace firm.
- 19:43And this intense scrutiny connects directly back to the
- 19:45foundational code of the artificial intelligence models
- 19:48themselves. There is intense controversy
- 19:50currently surrounding Cursor's Composer 2 model.
- 19:53Right, the code origin. It was discovered that the
- 19:55system was secretly built upon the Chinese artificial
- 19:58intelligence model known as Kimi K 2.5.
- 20:01And the broader legislative actions responding to these
- 20:04discoveries are severe. Very severe.
- 20:07There is the No DeepSeek on Government Devices Act moving
- 20:10through the Legislature, along with bipartisan bills
- 20:13specifically barring federal contractors from utilizing any
- 20:18artificial intelligence models affiliated in any way with
- 20:21foreign adversaries. But you know, utilizing open
- 20:24weight international models like Kimi or DeepSeek is entirely
- 20:28standard practice for rapid iteration in the technology
- 20:31sector. Sure, in standard tech.
- 20:33Right. Developers take the absolute
- 20:35best available open source tools, refine them locally, and
- 20:39build specialized application layers directly on top of them.
- 20:42That is exactly how the software industry continuously achieves
- 20:45hyper growth. Yep, punishing a company for
- 20:48using the most efficient, effective code available stifles
- 20:51global innovation and completely misunderstands how global
- 20:54software development actually functions in reality.
- 20:57I get that, but a defense contractor cannot have
- 21:00undocumented code originating from foreign adversaries
- 21:04embedded within its core infrastructure.
- 21:07You think it's too risky? It's not simply a matter of
- 21:09software efficiency or speed of development.
- 21:11It is strictly about data security and the severe
- 21:15potential for espionage. OK, fair.
- 21:17When an aerospace company is responsible for managing highly
- 21:20classified national security payloads and they decide to
- 21:23integrate an AI tool built on a foreign adversaries architecture
- 21:27into their operational network, the risk of hidden back doors or
- 21:31data exfiltration becomes a profound vulnerability.
- 21:34The geographic origin of the code strictly dictates the
- 21:37operational security of the entire system.
- 21:39And this intense regulatory scrutiny is severely limits
- 21:42their operational freedom and directly threatens a $24.4
- 21:46billion backlog in Department of Defense and National
- 21:49Reconnaissance Office contracts. $24 billion on the line.
- 21:53Yeah, if the federal government strictly enforces these foreign
- 21:57influence roles, it could potentially force the company to
- 22:00completely RIP out the foundation of its newly acquired
- 22:04artificial intelligence tools, crippling the very software
- 22:07narrative they are utilizing to sell the public markets on a $2
- 22:10trillion valuation. Which is wild.
- 22:14By wrapping rockets, satellite Internet and advanced coding
- 22:18software together into a single massive financial package, the
- 22:22company is attempting to construct an entirely
- 22:24independent off planet computing infrastructure while
- 22:27simultaneously commanding the largest public valuation ever
- 22:31seen. So will public market investors
- 22:33agree to price the sprawling conglomerate based strictly on
- 22:36its off planet computing dreams? Or will the intense regulatory
- 22:40risks and the staggering cost of launching the hardware drag the
- 22:44entire valuation right back to Earth?
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