Latest / Space Nuts: Astronomy Insights & Cosmic Discoveries / #409: Eclipse Escapades & Stellar Shadows: Fred's Cosmic Journey & The Heaviest Black Hole Discovery

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#409: Eclipse Escapades & Stellar Shadows: Fred's Cosmic Journey & The Heaviest Black Hole Discovery · Space Nuts: Astronomy Insights & Cosmic Discoveries

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Hi there, Thanks for joining us again on Space Nuts, where we talk
0:03
astronomy and space science. My name is Andred Uncle, your host. It's
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always good to have your company. Thanks for joining us. Coming up today,
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we are going to talk about Fred's trip to the US where he saw
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clipses, he saw rocket launchers, he saw dogs and cats living together.
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There were all sorts of things happening, and we will be revisiting that little
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tour because some pretty exciting things happened, and this wasn't exciting. This was
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probably a bit harrowing space junk hitting a house in Florida. That doesn't happen
0:33
often, and probably one of the biggest stories in recent weeks or months,
0:37
the most massive stellar black hole yet found in our galaxy. We'll be talking
0:43
about that and on our upcoming Well that's it. That's it. We've got
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to keep forgetting. We're split ap the show in too so i'll tell you
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about the Q and a episode later, but those things coming up on this
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episode of Space Nuts. Fifteen seconds guided in Channel ten nine ignition Space Nuts
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or three two one Space Nuts, as I reported, real good and here
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he is, fully jet lagged and ready to go. Professor Fred what's our
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astronomer at large? However, who are you again? That's right? And
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the other the other thing I didn't realize overnight television was so horrible. That's
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the other thing that Jet LaGG teaches us. You know, I haven't gone
1:38
there. It's been it's not been too bad. Actually, it's it's it's
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coming. Coming this way, I think is a little bit better than going
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the other way. Definitely, we lost Friday, the what was it Friday,
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the twelfth of April that disappeared over the dateline. We didn't see any
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of that, which was all right. It's just a weird thing, isn't
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it. Though. You take off on a Friday and you get home on
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a Sunday and you go, hang on what happened there? Yeah, it's
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just it's such a strange thing. But going the other way, you sometimes
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continue to live the same day for like thirty six or forty hours. It's
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really bizarre. But that's, you know, one of the first world problems
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we deal with. Indeed it is. But yes, thank you, where
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we're fine really still in a way, it's still processing this marvelous journey that
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we've had over in North America. So we started off in Vancouver in Canada.
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I have never visited Canada before, and I you, I've been pressed,
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and I was. It is a lovely place, yeah, especially British
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Columbia where we were took in the snow up there as well all sorts of
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things. We went up by train to, which is Subarctic. It's in
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Yukon. One of the highlights of that train trip was a lovely couple who
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turned out to be from the Central Coast in Australia, who came up and
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said, do you Fred Watson. There were space nuts fans, so shout
3:16
out to them, Hello, Hello, Yeah. And the great thing about
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white Horse, of course, is that, as I said, it's Subarctic,
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and so they do get the aurora there, they get the northern lights.
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And we did spend three nights aurora hunting. We were quasi successful.
3:34
We saw the Northern lights on well some of us saw them on all three
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nights, but they weren't spectacular displays. There were green streaks in the sky.
3:45
What pleased me was that I now know how to use my iPhone to
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take photographs of the aurora. So when we go up to Lapland next year,
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I shall be armed with the iPhone and something to stand it on,
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so we get dramatic images hopefully to bring back to space. Now Rusty from
4:00
Donnybrook taught me how to do it. So this is on an iPhone.
4:04
So I don't know if you can see that, but you press that little
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up arrow. Yeah you're doing and there's a yeah, and then there's a
4:10
little moon icon there. That's right, and that's that gives you the capacity
4:14
to increase the exposure time and things like that. He said. A photo
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of the sky from Western Australia and the stars the other day, brilliant photo.
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Amazing yep, all with it, all with an iPhone, all with
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an iPhone. Well, no, it's extraordinary. So yeah, so that
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yeah, so that was that was great. We actually caught up with the
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White Hors Astronomical Society as well, which has twenty two members. But they've
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got a lovely observatory out there in the bush. We we spent a night
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sky watching there waiting for an aurora, which turned up actually just after we
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left, but some of other groups saw it, so that was great.
4:50
From there it was down through the ice to Jasper and Lake Louise, places
4:58
which are extraordinary in was it was it still frozen when you saw it.
5:02
Yep. Lake Louise was frozen solid. Yeah, it was. Were people
5:05
being buff heads and walking out on top of it? Oh yeah, all
5:09
over the place there were buildings. I wouldn't do it. There snow persons
5:14
on it. We we had a we had a rain sleigh ride actually which
5:20
didn't it did go over the ice just to turn around at the end of
5:24
the lake come back. Yeah. Anyway, Yeah, there was confluence in
5:28
the thickness of the ice there. We knew from you know, white House
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what the thickness of ice was because you could see it in the river.
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It was the best part of two frees or something like that, maybe even
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more. Yeah anyway, well that sounds look Having done a similar trip to
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you only last year, I can. I can. Yeah, you brought
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back a lot of memories for me of Canada is just the most beautiful place,
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and as is the northern part of the United States. Similar countryside and
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just a glorious part of the world. I loved Vancouver. I love Seattle
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for that matter, they're both in the same vicinity. In fact, I
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did the shortest international flight I've ever done from Seattle to Vancouver, which I
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was in twenty to three minutes. Not very and no, we spent more
6:16
time on the tarmac waiting than we did in the air. But yeah,
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glorious part of the world. And yeah, very lucky to live there,
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except I could not stand your cold. It just does not get that cold
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here, and I don't want it ever to get as cold as that's in
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my part of the world. No way, But you did go over there
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for one specific reason, Fred, the eclipse, that's right. So we
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took a flight down from after we left Lake Louise, we took a flight
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down from Calgary to Houston, and the first thing that I got was an
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email from the Angle Australian Telescope, which was more or less Houston, we
6:54
have a problem, which they did with the mirror elevator at the telescope,
6:59
which was rapidly fixed, I have to say, but it was very odd.
7:01
As soon as I arrived in Houston, I got this email the paraphrased
7:06
it, Houston, we have a problem. Of course, the space the
7:11
Space center there, mission control. We took in all that we took in
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the Houston Museum of Natural Sciences, which is an extraordinarily good Museum then took
7:24
in sort of via San Antonio up to Dallas and Fort Worth, and it
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was from there that we made our eclipse expedition. We saw the eclipse at
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a place called Bristol, which is the name of a big town in the
7:39
United Kingdom, but it's also the name of the little village not very far
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from Dallas, probably an hour or so from Dallas, and there's a winery.
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That's where we had our eclipse location. We were one of about the
7:55
one hundred people there, so we were quite a large group among that and
8:00
had a wonderful morning waiting for the sky to clear. Because it was cloudy,
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we could get glimpses of the Sun. We could see after twelve twenty
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two, which is which was the time of first contact, we could see
8:13
the Moon's disks starting to slip across the disc of the Sun. Totality was
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at one forty Texas time, and at about one thirty nine the sky cleared
8:28
completely. The whole sky just cleared. It was astonishing, and so we
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were in this We're in this completely blue sky for the total eclips of which
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we had four minutes twenty three seconds. It was a long eclipse, very
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dramatic, lovely views of the corona. I didn't bother trying to take photographs
8:46
because I know I'm rubbish at it, but I had binoculars, got some
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great views of the corona, some very prominent prominences, as they're called,
8:54
these pink blobs that are clouds of glowing hydrogen being pushed off the surface of
9:00
the Sun into its inner atmosphere. Yeah, almost the chromosphere. All that
9:05
was really dramatic. We saw Bailey's beads, those little gaps where you're seeing
9:11
the Sun itself through through valleys on the Moon's surface. We saw the diamond
9:16
ring effect, which is just a big version of that. And then the
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eclipse was over, and everybody cheered and were very happy, and all of
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those people who weren't about to talk on TV like I was, had lots
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of glasses of wine. I didn't touch any till the evening. Because it's
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funny you should mention that, because I was on are on the radio at
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the time and I glanced up at one of the TV news services and there
9:39
was free What's And I thought, oh, seriously, yeah when it happened,
9:46
so yeah, yeah, I saw you talking on Sky News here that's
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not necessarienipity that Yeah, and there was another couple at the winery who were
9:58
space nuts phones as well. I didn't get to talk to Marty did marvelous
10:01
Well. I was certainly jealous because I would have loved to have been there.
10:07
But if I'm patient enough, I won't have to go anywhere, because
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in twenty twenty eight we get our own right here in Dubbo total eclipse of
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the Sun at one fifty two PM I think it is, and it'll be
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fine now, it'll be yeah about that, but it'll be three minutes and
10:24
fifty two seconds of totality in Dubo. Okay, yeah, Well, after
10:30
you've seen it in Dubble, the moon Shutdow will be right overhead here where
10:33
I'm sitting now, Yes it will, because yeah, it's going to come
10:37
across from the northwest of the state over central New South Wales and it's going
10:41
to totally black out Sydney like it did in Melbourne in nineteen seventy whatever it
10:45
was for you, some three, was it? Yeah? Yeah, I
10:48
was quite young and they wouldn't let me go outside. I so wanted to
10:52
see it, but yes, not advisable without protection. And these days,
10:56
of course, you can buy sunscreen and rub it in your eyes and that's
10:58
sold the problem. Now, don't do that. Don't do that. No,
11:05
no, I think that could be misinformation that, yes, could be
11:09
yes, yes, just ignore that. No, that don't put sounds greened
11:13
in your eyes. But yes, you wear good proper glasses and filters and
11:16
all that sort of stuff. And yeah, I can't wait twenty twenty eight.
11:20
That should be very exciting. But a great trip by the sound of
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it, frit Yeah, we sorry, God, yeah, I was gonna
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say, on a scale of under ten, what what you're rating about twelve?
11:30
We wrapped up. We wrapped up with with a flight down to Orlando
11:35
from from Dallas Fort Worth, where we took a trip to the spaceport to
11:43
Cape Canaveral and our hotel one was such that we had a view of the
11:46
whole of the launch area, and in fact, it was a it was
11:50
a bit. It was one of those things where you're racing against the clock
11:54
because the the Dallas Fort Worth Orlando flight was delayed significant and we knew there
12:01
was a launch coming up around having and we had a coach transfer from the
12:05
airport, so we got in I don't know, nine p thirty or something
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like that, hurled ourselves into this coach to get to the hotel and made
12:15
it just in time, except that they delayed the launch, so it was
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originally twelve, but eventually it was a SpaceX Falcon nine. Its registration in
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terms of starling satellites which it was launches launching, was six forty eight.
12:33
And so we saw it very very clearly from our hotel, which had a
12:39
viewing platform, especially for watchings based launches. They're all set up there.
12:45
Yeah, so I got the binoculars out again again. I didn't try and
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photograph it, but very spectacular, marvelous thing to happen. Some of our
12:54
some of our number actually followed it right through to when the first stage was
13:01
you know released, the second stage went on its way, first stage turns
13:03
around to come back down. By the time we'd finished watching, it was
13:07
already sitting on a barge in the Atlantic Ocean. I this must not go
13:13
beyond these four walls, Andrew. But I had the binoculars on and there
13:18
was cloud there. So the rocket exhaust or the you know, the basically
13:22
the fiery exhaust of the Falcon nine disappeared into the clouds, and then it
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reappeared and I thought, that's fantastic. I'll watch for the second stage,
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yeah, you know, parting of the two components. Watched and watched and
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watched and thought, it's funny this. It's not really moving. There's two
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bright stars on either side of that rocket launch. Then the penny dropped.
13:45
I was looking at the star antaries in the scorpius, the scorpion, which
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looked exactly like the exhaust of this falcon. So I the binoculars quietly away
13:58
and yes, that was fantastic, wasn't it. You know, rocket side
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has fred that's for sure. It's actually the second time that's happened, because
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I remember once decades ago. It was in Gunnadar, which is in northwestern
14:16
New south it's just from us, not very far from you, and I
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was waiting for to meet somebody off a coach during the night, and basically
14:28
it was standing outside the bus station at night and this flaming red object passed
14:33
overhead and there was a coach driver standing next to me and I said,
14:37
look at that. I said, that looks to me like like a re
14:43
entering bit of space jump. Because it's you can see that it's fire.
14:46
It's red, it's it's coming in at quite a high speed. I reckon,
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that's what it is, and he said to me, actually, no,
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it's not. He said, it's a garbage bag with the firelighter tied
14:56
underneath. Some kids been launching that. The police are trying to find out
15:01
who he is before he sets the whole town of fire. So I told
15:07
him. I told him what I do for a living, and he almost
15:09
wet himself. He was so amused by the fact that that's brilliant. That
15:15
is brilliant. Yeah, I love it. Of course. I'm Ganada,
15:18
home to the one hundred and fiftieth time one hundred and fifty degree time iridian.
15:24
Is that it? Uh, it's yes, I think it's one fifty.
15:28
I think that's right. Yes, yeah, yeah, very good.
15:33
All right. Did you do you want to talk about the space junk now
15:37
or do you want to leave it till the next No, let's just mention
15:39
it because it's Yeah, it's as you said, it's in the same neck
15:43
of the woods. This is a story about a gentleman in Actually it's one
15:50
of the seaside cities in Florida. Naples, and he basically had something come
15:58
through his roof, which didn't cheer him up much, but when he looked
16:04
at it, he's very This gentleman is very astute about space technology. He
16:08
reckoned. It was part of a palette, basically a support palette used to
16:18
mount batteries which are being basically re entered to burn up in the atmosphere.
16:25
And it was a piece of metal round about four inches ten centimeters by one
16:30
and a half inches or four centimeters, weighing a bit more than half a
16:34
kilogram one point six pounds. And yeah, sure enough, that was what's
16:40
gone through his roof. It's been analyzed. It was well burnt up.
16:42
Actually. You can find this story, by the way, on space dot
16:47
com, very nicely covered there with some pictures of before and after for one
16:52
of these stand shops. Yeah look at that. Yeah wow so yeah,
16:56
so yeah, so then I've had him off the International Space Station. Yes,
17:02
it basically was something that was being thrown away from the International Space Station.
17:07
It was you know, chunk that was that was being basically being allowed
17:14
to burn up in the atmosphere. And normally that sort of thing burns up
17:18
completely, but sometimes it doesn't and in fact, I think the Space Agency
17:22
itself, NASA, have launched a bit of an inquiry to find out why
17:26
that did not burn up in the end. Yeah, that's a strange one.
17:30
Gosh, it's a good thing it didn't hit a person that would have
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made it. That's that's right. Yeah, so far the odds are remote,
17:38
but yes, not impossible. That Yeah, space junk landing in Naples,
17:45
Florida rang a bell. I think they play a PGA too, a
17:47
golf event in name Florida revenue. And talking about the ISS has just reminded
17:53
me of one of the real highlights of the trip. You know. I've
17:57
talked about the spectacular ones, but the Kennedy Space Flight Center, where we
18:03
went the day after we'd seen the Falcon nine launch utterly mind blowing. It
18:08
absolutely took my breath away, all my favorite bits of space hardware there.
18:15
I've got so many photographs now of me standing in front of the Gemini Titan
18:19
combination, which I as a rocket park. Yeah, that's right, rocket
18:25
park. It's thrillingly you know. I was thrilled by all that while I
18:29
was a university student in the nineteen sixties, and it just brought it all
18:32
back. It was fantastic. But the thing that surprised me most Andrew,
18:36
you know that the Space Shuttle Atlantis is there at Kennedy Space Flight Center in
18:41
the same enclosure is a life size replica of the Hubble space telescope. And
18:48
for some reason, yes, I know it's a two point for me to
18:52
telescope, but I just hadn't expected it to be so big. Oh wow,
18:56
which is huge. And yes, it's a big telescope. You know,
19:02
you've got this the tube which in all the photographs we see of it
19:04
deployed in space, it looks relatively small, but that thing's ten feet in
19:08
diameter. Effectively it's nearly three meters or thereabouts, and the instrumentation package at
19:15
the back is much bigger. So it is a very very large piece of
19:18
kit. And yes, it kind of really enhanced my appreciation for the fact
19:23
that it was taken into a bit by a space shuttle in its cargo bay
19:29
and just what I think it was the biggest thing that they ever put in
19:33
the cargo bay, I think, with about an inch to spare on either
19:34
side of it. So yeah, really remarkable. That was one of those
19:38
epiphany moments that I didn't really expect I would have thought. You know,
19:42
I knew that the space the Hubble Space Telescope was big, I didn't realize
19:48
just how big it is. And of course the James Web Telescope is even
19:52
bigger, much much bigger, with a six point five meter diameter. Anyway,
19:59
enough of that, Sorry, I druff Really no, that's okay.
20:02
Yeah, we can live through your travels and enjoy them as almost as much.
20:07
But I must say, Kennedy Space Center mind blowing. I can add
20:12
one more footnote to it. Yeah, you go. For us, it
20:15
was even more special for us because we had a guide. We had a
20:21
friend of a friend, Kerry Doherty in Adelaide, used to work at the
20:23
Parahause Museum. She was the Parahause Museum space specialist, very well known in
20:29
the Australian space well. She has a friend called Tim Gannon and she basically
20:37
got her friend Tim, who works in the Kennedy Space Center, to give
20:41
us a personalized tour. Now, Tim is a very special individual because he
20:45
is a space artist and he has designed nineteen of the mission patches that have
20:52
flown with astronauts, mostly on the Space Shuttle, but others as well.
20:56
So he's his artwork has been in space and as he works with astronauts to
21:02
say, what do you want on this artwork? Extraordinary man, and we've
21:04
got to get him on space. Note and maybe he could design us a
21:10
mission patch for space. Now hey, now you're talking, woudn't that be
21:12
cool? The logo, Yeah, that's my brother's design. I like that.
21:18
I love those two little characters. Yeah. But yeah, getting Tim
21:22
on the job would would be remarkable. Can I I know many of our
21:27
listeners can't see this, but I'm going to show you something anyway where you
21:30
can see. It's in YouTube, and don't forget to subscribe below. You
21:36
got it in there. I got it in there. When he said goodbye
21:38
to us, Tim knew that I was a mad, keen fan of the
21:42
Gemini missions, which preceded the Apollo missions. There were two person spacecraft and
21:48
it was all of there were twelve missions, all of which are about learning
21:52
how to dark and round everyone and things like that. So Tim knew I
21:55
was keen on it. And actually the day after we saw him, became
21:57
especially to our hotel to give me to give me this YEP, which is
22:04
kind of giant is patch for geminy two. That's right, but all the
22:08
other ones around the edge way around one, two, three, four,
22:14
five, six, and seven flew together and eight, nine, ten,
22:18
eleven, twelve, twelve. Is that one there? Yeah, So that's
22:22
a giant sized mission patch which is going to be in a frame and on
22:25
my wall here in the office before too long. It wasn't that great?
22:29
What a what a what a gracious and talented and knowledgeable man. It was
22:33
a delight to be with him. So heads up to you, Tim,
22:36
Thank you very much for that incredible all right, I will leave it there,
22:40
but you're listening to Space NATS with Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson.
22:48
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space Nuts. Now back to the show piece. Nuts, now Fred to
26:38
something extraordinary. We probably get more questions about black holes than anything else,
26:44
and they are in the news all the time. And a new piece of
26:48
information that's now been brought forward and I've heard this on the news in the
26:52
last day or so, and this is basically the most massive stellar black hole
27:00
yet found in our galaxy? Would that be the right way of describing it?
27:04
Perfect, That's exactly what it is. That's right, and it's great
27:08
because well it's got strong connections with Australia, not direct connections, but they
27:18
are there. The original discovery was made using the European Space Agency's GEIA spacecraft,
27:23
and I'll explain how that happened in a minute. GEIA is an astrometry
27:27
spacecraft measuring the positions of starsbury accurately. But the follow up work was done
27:33
with the VLT, the very Large telescope of the European Southern Observatory down in
27:37
northern Chile at Sarah Paranel. The telescope that impact. It's four telescopes,
27:42
but they can be used in combination or singly eight point two meter mirrors each
27:47
one those telescopes are accessible by Australian astronomers because of the strategic partnership that we
27:53
have with the European Southern Observatory. So it's a good news story, not
27:57
just from the science point of view, from the fact that we can brag
28:00
about, you know what, is effectively Australia's National Optical Observatory, not on
28:07
Australian soil, but down there in Chile because we have this partnership. So
28:11
it's a good news story. So what's the story. What's the story?
28:15
Friend? I hear you say big in the sky. That's great, that's
28:19
right. So what happened was scientists who were working with the Gaya mission.
28:30
So this is as I said, it's an astrometry mission. It measures the
28:33
positions of stars in the sky very very accurately. Working these astronomers are from
28:41
institutions in Europe, notably Observe de Paris Paris Observatory, very nice building as
28:49
well as a nice institution. They they noticed that one particular star had a
28:56
wobble to it that was, you know, detected by the Geyer spacecraft.
29:03
So this thing's measuring star positions very accurately. If you do that over time,
29:07
you can tell if a star is moving or wobbling or doing something funny
29:11
like that. And they analyzed the wobble spectroscopically using the very large telescope and
29:19
realized that what was happening to this star is that it was in orbit around
29:25
something else, something else that was invisible. And their calculation showed that this
29:30
object had a mass of thirty three times the mass of our Sun, which
29:37
makes it the only candidate that it could be is a black hole. But
29:41
it also makes it a record breaker because the next most massive stellar mass black
29:48
hole in our neighborhood. I put Jordie in here so he wouldn't do that
29:55
is quiet audience place. Yeah anyway, Yeah, it's all happening. So
30:06
the next most massive known it's twenty one solar masses that signa s X one.
30:11
It's a very famous one of the first black holes ever discovered. This
30:17
one is one and a half times the mass of that thirty three solar masses.
30:21
Quite exceptional. There are more massive black holes in other galaxies, but
30:29
this is significant because it's in our own galaxy. It's only two thousand light
30:33
years away, and it's challenged our understanding of black holes because remember we're talking
30:41
now about stellar mass black holes. That means black holes with the mass of
30:45
about one star is thirty three in this case, which are ones that have
30:49
been formed when a star gets to the end of its life and collapses,
30:53
so that they're not the super massive black holes that we think about in the
30:56
centers of galaxies. They are probably formed by black holes are creting together,
31:03
you know, building up a very very solid array of a very solid mass
31:07
of black holes, sometimes billions of times the mass of the Sun. But
31:12
in the stellar mass region, this is a record holder within our galaxy.
31:17
And as I said, it's challenging astronomers understanding of how something this massive could
31:22
form because typically they are ten solar masses something like that. How could you
31:26
get something as massive as this? And a clue comes from the companion star,
31:33
which may well have been formed at the same time as the progenitor star
31:37
of the black hole, the thing that was the star before it exploded and
31:40
created the black hole. Because it's highly metal poor. And as you know,
31:45
everything except hydrogen and helium to an astronomer is a metal and this star
31:52
is very metal poor. It means it's mostly hydrogen and helium with not much
31:57
else, and that makes it a bit different from your normal star. You
32:02
know, most stars have got quite significant amounts of other elements in them,
32:07
like sodium, carbon and oxygen and iron and all of those things, whereas
32:13
there these metal poor ones have only very small amounts of that. And so
32:16
maybe it is something to do with the fact that the companion star and almost
32:22
certainly the progenitor star of the black hole were metal poor. That might be
32:27
a clue to why we have this super this not super massive black hole,
32:31
but very massive stellar massive black hole general galaxy. The other theory I have
32:37
is it's actually thirty three and a third times the mess of the sun and
32:44
it's not a black hole, it's just a vinyl LP. Ah. Now
32:49
you're talking. Now, I hadn't made that connection, Andrew, and I
32:53
have to say it is a fairly tenuous connection on the one link that I
32:59
think gives it with some credibility. One thing that gives it some credibility is
33:05
that vinyl LPs are black. Yes, that's right, that's the only connection
33:09
I was making, really, and kind of the same shape without the whole.
33:15
Now they've got the hole in the middle. Yeah, a hole in
33:17
the middle. I suppose you could equate the edge of the vinyl to the
33:22
event horizon of a black hole. That might be. It's just a thought,
33:27
just a thought, but yeah, quite an incredible discovery. Makes you
33:32
wonder, what, you know, if there's anything potentially bigger out there in
33:36
the stellar mess. Yeah, the black hole arena. I mean, you
33:39
know, the reason why we haven't known about this before because it is close,
33:45
much closer than signal s X one. It's because it's quiescent, it's
33:50
not gobbling anything up, because that's what normally gives them away. If you've
33:53
got the accretion disc which is swirling around the black hole, you're going to
33:58
get radiation from it, and that's what we normally discover, but not in
34:02
this it's the wabble of the star. It's like finding a volcano that's been
34:07
there for billions of years and you only just notice this nut rigs a bell
34:10
too. Indeed, all right, Fred, we are done, but a
34:17
reminder to everybody, if you're particularly watching us on YouTube, to subscribe,
34:22
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34:45
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34:52
page where you can all talk to each other and swap photos and yarns and
34:57
so it's a good time place. Fred, we are done for another day.
35:00
Thank you so much. Good to have you back in person. We've
35:04
we've kind of been in pre record mode for the last month or so,
35:07
but we're back and things will be normal for probably a week or two before
35:13
someone else goes overseas. I wonder that'll be who knows? Yes, yes,
35:17
all right? Thanks Red, so soon, cheers, Thanks for not
35:21
changing. Fred Wat's an astronomer at large part of the team here at Space
35:23
Nuts. Good to have Hu back as well, although he's forgotten how to
35:27
do everything. And for me Andrew Dunkley, thanks for your company. Catch
35:30
you on the next episode a Q and a episode of Space Nuts soon.
35:35
Bye bye, sus. You'll be listening to the Space Nuts podcast available at
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