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109. Great Race of Mercy · Who Did What Now With Katie Charlwood

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Speaker 1: You're listening to an Airwave media podcast. Hello delicious friends,
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Speaker 1: and welcome to Who Did What Now? The history podcast
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Speaker 1: That's not your history class with me your host, Katie Charlewood,
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Speaker 1: history harlote and reader of books. If you are listening
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Speaker 1: to this on day of release, you might be thinking, hey,
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Speaker 1: this is late, and it is You are correct. You
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Speaker 1: see what happened was I had another episode up. It
0:45
Speaker 1: was ready to go. It was it was on a schedule,
0:48
Speaker 1: and it involved a double agent. It involved like scenic
0:53
Speaker 1: journeys and natural disasters and espionage and a strange connection
1:01
Speaker 1: to the IRA like. It had all this stuff, and
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Speaker 1: it also in the center of it had a mass
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Speaker 1: bombing of civilians. And it felt to me personally that
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Speaker 1: given the current situation in Gaza, with the strikes on
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Speaker 1: the refugee camp, the UN refugee camp in Rafa yesterday,
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Speaker 1: that it seemed exploitative. It was just not the right time.
1:35
Speaker 1: It's a story that will go up at some point,
1:37
Speaker 1: but right now is not the right time for it,
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Speaker 1: and it felt wrong to have it up. And it
1:44
Speaker 1: felt wrong because I'm in contract to have ads on
1:48
Speaker 1: my episodes, and it felt awful to profit off of that,
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Speaker 1: and so I pulled it. I just pulled it because
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Speaker 1: my conscience is here somewhere, but it is, and so
2:04
Speaker 1: I pulled it. And I already had this ready to go,
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Speaker 1: ready to go, I had notes put together, So hopefully
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Speaker 1: I have enough notes that I can make a cohesive story.
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Speaker 2: But I guess we'll find out, won't we.
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Speaker 1: So I was chatting to my Cardigan ill last night
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Speaker 1: and I told them my plans, and they fully supported
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Speaker 1: me in this endeavor and as such, this is where
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Speaker 1: we're at. And I decided so to try and give
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Speaker 1: as much as I can. I'm trying to spread awareness.
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Speaker 1: I'm trying to donate as much as i can. Like
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Speaker 1: I decided that my Sunday gig, the gig that's in
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Speaker 1: five days time in Glasgow. Is it five days, I
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Speaker 1: don't know. It's in Glasgow, second of June. It's a Sunday.
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Speaker 1: And I decided that the rest of the tickets I'm
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Speaker 1: just going to put up as a pay what you want,
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Speaker 1: So if somebody wants to pay fifty cents, they can
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Speaker 1: be fifty cents. It doesn't matter. I've already broken even
2:59
Speaker 1: on the tour right, I don't need to make any
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Speaker 1: more money on this like my cousin, I'm staying with them,
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Speaker 1: so like I've got accommodation covered, like I'm good. So
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Speaker 1: everything I make from this show, I'm just going to
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Speaker 1: donate Operationallive Branch. I've got stuff that's going to like
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Speaker 1: a SIMS neonatal care, prenatal care. There's just all this
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Speaker 1: stuff and I'll put links down below, so if anybody
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Speaker 1: wants to donate, they can. And if anybody was thinking, ah, sure,
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Speaker 1: you know I might go to this Glasgow gig, well
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Speaker 1: now you can go for like as cheap as you like.
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Speaker 1: But everything's just going to go to Gaza because that's that.
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Speaker 1: I just have to do something because I'm sick of
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Speaker 1: feeling helpless and so I'm gonna do it. So there
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Speaker 1: you go. And I know what you're thinking. You're thinking,
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Speaker 1: quite your jibber jabba, in fact me, in fact you
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Speaker 1: I will. But first we're going to get our source on.
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Speaker 1: Our sources are Leonard Intergo by Ham Flowers, Polar Pilot
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Speaker 1: by Dorothy Page, Leonard Sapala, The Siberian Dog and the
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Speaker 1: Golden Age of Sled dog Racing nineteen o eight to
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Speaker 1: nineteen forty one by Bob Thomas, Race Against Death, A
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Speaker 1: True Story of the Far North by Seymour Wait The
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Speaker 1: Race to Save No by Mike Kobbock. And of course
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Speaker 1: we have our old friends History dot com, Biography dot com,
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Speaker 1: and the Smithsonian dot com. Are you sitting comfortably good?
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Speaker 1: Then let's begin. So y'all should know me very well
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Speaker 1: at this point, and you know that I love history
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Speaker 1: that is often not shared, often not known, and an
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Speaker 1: this one, as it turns out, we hear all about
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Speaker 1: one particular player because one dog had really good pr right,
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Speaker 1: that's it, really good pr this one dog had, And
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Speaker 1: you don't really hear about the rest, And you don't
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Speaker 1: really hear much about what actually happened on the journey,
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Speaker 1: because the real journey are the friends we met along
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Speaker 1: the way. No, anyway, we're gonna tell you about we me.
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Speaker 1: There's no one else here, just me and my thoughts,
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Speaker 1: which is basically like having another person here, except that
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Speaker 1: person is going to hate you all the time. The
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Speaker 1: joys of adhd and rejection and sensitive for you. Anyway. Anyway,
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Speaker 1: I am sure you guessed from the title of this
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Speaker 1: episode that today we are discussing the Great Race of Mercy.
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Speaker 1: Parentheses the nineteen twenty five Zerom runs. Know, our story
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Speaker 1: starts in January nineteen twenty five in a wee village
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Speaker 1: called Nome in West Alaska. So it's January. It's winter.
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Speaker 1: It is cold as balls, Like Alaska not exactly known
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Speaker 1: for you know, warmer climbs, but in winter especially, you
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Speaker 1: could freeze the balls off a brass monkey. It is
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Speaker 1: lay chilly, right, very cold. It is a very very
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Speaker 1: cold place. You've got snow, you've got ice, You've got
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Speaker 1: bluzzards and snowstorms and frozen rivers and lakes and harbors
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Speaker 1: like it is a hard existence to be there, and
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Speaker 1: you really have to be hardy to survive that. You
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Speaker 1: have to be self sufficient in so many ways because
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Speaker 1: if you're so far from everything, everything's going to cost more,
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Speaker 1: everything's going to be more difficult to get to. Like
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Speaker 1: it's not it's not great. And also it's the nineteen twenties,
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Speaker 1: so also not super So it's January nineteen twenty five.
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Speaker 1: Shit's cold, okay, now a way a bit of backstory
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Speaker 1: or no, so, like originally the inhabitants would have been,
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Speaker 1: you know, it's Alaska, they would have been Native Alaskans.
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Speaker 1: I know you're shocked at this inflammation. Now, I don't
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Speaker 1: know exactly what Alaska natives would have resided there originally.
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Speaker 1: I'm not too upon that, but if you do know,
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Speaker 1: feel free to add in the comments or to message
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Speaker 1: me or tweet me threads all that jazz now, I
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Speaker 1: don't know if it's Alliot inknewit you put in, you
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Speaker 1: put it, Yak slangt Haida, simpsion and other First Nation
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Speaker 1: people's because I'm really bad at this. Did I say
8:12
Speaker 1: I knew it? I feel like I didn't say it.
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Speaker 1: Maybe I did, But yeah, I'm not sure which you
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Speaker 1: were specifically in this region, but they would have been
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Speaker 1: indigenous Alaskans there originally. Now, of course, being so close
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Speaker 1: to other areas, there's probably some transfer over from like
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Speaker 1: the Asian.
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Speaker 2: Side of Russia.
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Speaker 1: Probably that seems correct, doesn't It like there would have
8:34
Speaker 1: been some people walking over those ice bridges. But yeah,
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Speaker 1: Hymns to say anthropologists probably that's just not just not
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Speaker 1: himself from the last episode. We don't want sex raft
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Speaker 1: anthropologists getting up in here. It just seems just seems
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Speaker 1: like you'd have some weird plans and they don't need this.
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Speaker 1: They've suffered enough Yeah, AnyWho, they're there, and obviously you've
9:03
Speaker 1: got people sort of trading and traveling, and the population
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Speaker 1: changes a wee bit. And then of course there's the
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Speaker 1: gold rush. So when a gold rush happens, generally people
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Speaker 1: go gold crazy because they're like, I'm going to make
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Speaker 1: some money, Like you know those people who are like
9:22
Speaker 1: well obsessed with a lottery and they think they're, you know,
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Speaker 1: gonna win the lottery and they're buying all the tickets
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Speaker 1: because you know, it's a powerball or whatever. The fuck.
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Speaker 1: With the gold rush, you have this massive influx of
9:37
Speaker 1: people because you've got fortune hunters coming from all over
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Speaker 1: the shop, you know, trying to find gold. And so
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Speaker 1: the population hits about twenty thousand, and that's like at
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Speaker 1: the most, and then over time less gold, less stuff,
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Speaker 1: and it dwindles down until nineteen twenty five, where you've
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Speaker 1: got fifteen hundred inhabitants, with nine hundred and fifty odd
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Speaker 1: being of European descent and the other four hundred and
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Speaker 1: fifty ish they are indigenous Alaskans. Now, I know what
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Speaker 1: you're thinking, that seems like an imbalance. Well you're not wrong, now,
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Speaker 1: I know. I already mentioned that the winters and Gnome
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Speaker 1: could freeze the balls off a brass monkey. And yeah,
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Speaker 1: probably because it's only two degrees south of the Arctic
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Speaker 1: Circle like that.
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Speaker 2: That's that's not that far, right, not that.
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Speaker 1: Far at all. Like it is so cold that between
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Speaker 1: November and July it is practically inaccessible, like at this
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Speaker 1: point because the port, the only port, it is ice bound,
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Speaker 1: like it freezes, so the steamships they can't come in
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Speaker 1: and out. There's no way for it to travel. So
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Speaker 1: from November till like Midsummer, there's the only one way in,
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Speaker 1: and it's the Ida trod trail, and it's not easy.
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Speaker 1: It is between the port, like sort of in the
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Speaker 1: short south. It's the port through Alaska interior across mountain ranges.
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Speaker 1: It is treacherous as fuck, like it's not an easy
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Speaker 1: way to go, and it's kind of like you'll do
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Speaker 1: it if you have to, you know, that sort of way,
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Speaker 1: Like there are no cars, even cars at this point
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Speaker 1: are still pretty new vehicles, but they're not here, you know,
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Speaker 1: And even if you had them, they weren't going this direction.
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Speaker 1: The trains weren't coming that way either, Like it is rural,
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Speaker 1: and so when disaster strikes disaster strikes hard. Now there's
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Speaker 1: one hospital which serves Nome and the surrounding areas, the
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Speaker 1: Maynard Columbus Hospital, and it is Away Hospital and Away
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Speaker 1: Village in Westland, Alaska. And there was one doctor in
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Speaker 1: four nurses, doctor Curtis Welch. He's doing his rounds, he's
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Speaker 1: working in the hospital and he and the other four
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Speaker 1: members of staff realized that their entire batch of diphtheria
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Speaker 1: antitoxin had expired. Now, doctor Welch had ordered more, but
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Speaker 1: it hadn't arrived in town before the port froze over,
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Speaker 1: and so it didn't make it in time. And so
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Speaker 1: they were just kind of going about their business. And
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Speaker 1: in December, you know, kids start coming in and he's like, okay,
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Speaker 1: these these kids are sick. You know, there's a few
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Speaker 1: isolated cases here and there, you know, sore throats, tonsilitis,
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Speaker 1: and but like it's not really spreading so much in
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Speaker 1: diph theory, ah, just so you know, it's quite contagious
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Speaker 1: because it's in the air really because like if you
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Speaker 1: call it it's basically like spit and other such things.
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Speaker 1: You know, when it goes through the air, it's respiratory.
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Speaker 1: So like you inhale it and then you get infected.
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Speaker 1: It's pretty easy to pass on to one another, and
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Speaker 1: like hygienie helps, but kids they're always shoving their fingers
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Speaker 1: and things and stuff in their mouths, and stuff spreads easily,
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Speaker 1: especially amongst kids. Now he starts to see more cases
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Speaker 1: because you would expect to see like a lot more
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Speaker 1: because it's a contagious disease. But over the next few
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Speaker 1: weeks it becomes less isolated and the cases grow, and
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Speaker 1: four children died, and by mid January of the next year,
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Speaker 1: in nineteen twenty five, Welch is like, this is diphtheria.
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Speaker 1: He diagnosed it in a three year old boy who
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Speaker 1: ended up passing away like a fortnight just two weeks
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Speaker 1: after after a symptoms started appearing. And then the very
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Speaker 1: next day after this three year old dies, a seven
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Speaker 1: year old girl starts showing symptoms, and so doctor Welch,
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Speaker 1: in like pure desperation, tries to administer some of the
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Speaker 1: expired antiitoxin. But it doesn't work, does it, because it's
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Speaker 1: expired and it's just he was desperate, and the girl
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Speaker 1: ends up passing away a few hours later. So Welch
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Speaker 1: is like shit, like shared is it in the fan,
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Speaker 1: and so he calls the mayor of Nome, George Maynard,
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Speaker 1: and he's like, we need an emergency meeting, and the
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Speaker 1: town automatically like locks down. It's quarantined, like we cannot
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Speaker 1: spread this, and so they're quarantined. And they send this
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Speaker 1: telegram on the twenty second of January and it goes
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Speaker 1: all over Alaska because it's like a public health risk,
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Speaker 1: and he requests like and even contacts Washington, d C.
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Speaker 1: Trying to get help. So he ends up sending this
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Speaker 1: telegram an epidemic of diphtheria is almost inevitable here. Stop
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Speaker 1: I am an urgentate of one million units of diptheria antiitoxin.
15:46
Speaker 1: Stop mail is only a form of transportation. Stop I
15:51
Speaker 1: have made application to Commissioner of Health of the Territories
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Speaker 1: for antidoxin already stop. There are about three thousand Wag
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Speaker 1: Natives in the district. Like the fact that he was like, oh,
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Speaker 1: it's white people, by the way, white people are gonna die.
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Speaker 1: So it's important because you know, if it was just
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Speaker 1: Native people, would they have paid attention.
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Speaker 2: Whym's to say.
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Speaker 1: I think we all know the fucking answer to that,
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Speaker 1: don't we?
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Speaker 2: Now?
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Speaker 1: Diphtheria, like dysentery, is a disease I feel like we
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Speaker 1: shouldn't be seeing in the modern day. It's an old
16:23
Speaker 1: timey disease. It can stay there with fucking rickets and scurvy.
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Speaker 1: We shouldn't be dealing with that nowadays. We should have
16:32
Speaker 1: evolved past that, at least mentally, you know, we should
16:37
Speaker 1: be able to access those necessary medicines and ingredients that
16:43
Speaker 1: stop this shit happening. Anyway, Diphtheria sucks to say the
16:50
Speaker 1: least you go, horse gets really sore to swallow, like
16:56
Speaker 1: you have difficulties swallowing, and it's really fucking sore. You
16:59
Speaker 1: have sore throat generally at one of my favorite words
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Speaker 1: ever actually malaise, which is like a general hill in
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Speaker 1: Libyan unwill right. You get a low grade fever and
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Speaker 1: a really fast heart rate. And that's if you're an adult.
17:15
Speaker 1: If you're a child, it's so much bloody worse because
17:19
Speaker 1: you have nausea, vomiting, chills, headaches, like. It is a
17:26
Speaker 1: horrific experience, especially when you're wee. Because the younger you are,
17:32
Speaker 1: the less you have to compare it to. So for
17:35
Speaker 1: a lot of these children it will be the worst
17:38
Speaker 1: thing they ever experienced in their lives. And remember, it
17:43
Speaker 1: is a contagious disease which easily spreads amongst children, and
17:48
Speaker 1: it's fatal like it spreads through respiratory droplets which is
17:53
Speaker 1: the word I forgot earlier, droplets and creates a deadly toxin,
17:58
Speaker 1: which is why it needs an antiitoxin. And even though
18:02
Speaker 1: the village is under quarantine, there are at least twenty
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Speaker 1: confirmed cases and another like fifty suspected and without any serum,
18:14
Speaker 1: anyone who caught the disease like, chances are they were
18:18
Speaker 1: going to die like no if ants are butts and no.
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Speaker 1: Remember is practically inaccessible by playing train or automobile or
18:27
Speaker 1: ship or ship. Let's be fair. Now, it's basically inaccessible.
18:31
Speaker 1: You've got this one trail in or out, and it's treacherous.
18:35
Speaker 1: And luckily, luckily they manage to locate a supply of
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Speaker 1: antiitoxin in Anchorage. Unfortunately, Anchorage is one thousand miles away.
18:50
Speaker 1: Now the officials decide that they're going to make this work.
18:53
Speaker 1: They're going to get the serum to travel by train
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Speaker 1: to Nanana, which I think is where the bars are from.
19:01
Speaker 1: If I'm not mistaken, isn't it a thing. Then Nanana
19:04
Speaker 1: bars am I like mixing this up with a different
19:08
Speaker 1: bar anyway, like eat the bar that you eat, not
19:12
Speaker 1: like a bar that you drink at. Anyway, they decided
19:15
Speaker 1: it's going to travel by train to Nanana and a
19:19
Speaker 1: dog sled team would pick it up and take it
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Speaker 1: to Nlado and then it would go to another team
19:24
Speaker 1: who would take it back to Nome. And that's like
19:27
Speaker 1: six hundred and seventy four miles. Like that's the plan. Now,
19:31
Speaker 1: it's supposed to be like a relay situation. And typically
19:37
Speaker 1: typically the route that goes from Nanana to Nome would
19:41
Speaker 1: take a dog sled team about twenty five days on average,
19:46
Speaker 1: Like that's how much it would take usually, because that's
19:50
Speaker 1: how the post got out. It would travel by dogs lead.
19:54
Speaker 1: And the record was nine days. But because of the
19:58
Speaker 1: extreme cold and the weather that was happening, the serum,
20:03
Speaker 1: the antidote, the antiitoxin, I should say, would only last
20:07
Speaker 1: six days. Now, I'm not the best mathematician in the world,
20:11
Speaker 1: but even I know that six is much less than nine.
20:15
Speaker 1: That's three days. That is a good number of hours.
20:19
Speaker 1: That is a difficult fucking chance. Now, in fairness, they
20:23
Speaker 1: did try and find alternative solutions, one of which being
20:27
Speaker 1: to like fly the serum in No. Unfortunately, planes are
20:32
Speaker 1: still not super great at this point, added with the
20:36
Speaker 1: fact that the weather is dodgy at best, like the
20:40
Speaker 1: conditions would be too harsh, also adding the fact there's
20:44
Speaker 1: no fucking runway, like where is it gonna land, Like
20:48
Speaker 1: there's there's nobody of land. And it's not like it's
20:50
Speaker 1: a sea plane either, because yeah, the port is frozen,
20:54
Speaker 1: so not really a lot of options there. So they're like, no, no,
20:57
Speaker 1: We're gonna do like a dog sled real and it's
21:01
Speaker 1: gonna be like the only shot we have. Like are
21:05
Speaker 1: we gonna make it? We don't know, but we're certainly
21:08
Speaker 1: gonna try. Now, norm Superintendent George Maynard he had someone
21:14
Speaker 1: working for him, a one Leonard Sapala, now Leonard here.
21:20
Speaker 1: He was a former gold miner, he was a ski champion,
21:25
Speaker 1: and he was also and the most important part of
21:28
Speaker 1: this entire scenario, the three time winner of the All
21:32
Speaker 1: Alaska Sweepstakes. What are the fucking Alaska Sweepstakes? Kerrie? Well,
21:41
Speaker 1: this is this sled dog race that spans over four
21:44
Speaker 1: hundred miles across the Bering Sea, and it basically covered, yeah,
21:50
Speaker 1: roughly the same amount of like training as the Gnome
21:55
Speaker 1: to likena or run. Now, he had won it three
21:59
Speaker 1: times and the last time that he was the victor
22:04
Speaker 1: was eight years previous, and so him and his dog
22:08
Speaker 1: Togo are like the most famous like sled team like
22:13
Speaker 1: in the country. Like people are so impressed with him
22:18
Speaker 1: that they're like, maybe he should just do the whole
22:20
Speaker 1: thing himself. He should go to Nanana and back right.
22:25
Speaker 1: But you know, obviously, luckily the officials regained the sanity
22:30
Speaker 1: and realized that was a stupid, bloody idea. So five
22:35
Speaker 1: days after doctor Curtis Wilch's telegram went out, Leonard Sapala
22:41
Speaker 1: is headed for Nulato with his dog sled. Leading his
22:46
Speaker 1: pack is twelve year old Togo. So the initial plan
22:51
Speaker 1: was to have the serum transported from Nanano to Nulato,
22:56
Speaker 1: and that Leonard Sapala would take the serum from Nulato
23:01
Speaker 1: to no like there would be two teams in out.
23:07
Speaker 1: So Leonard Sapala and his dogs led led by Togo,
23:11
Speaker 1: they set off on the twenty seventh of January, and
23:15
Speaker 1: he is heading for Nulato. Now, unfortunately, the Alaskan Governor
23:23
Speaker 1: Scott c Bone. Yes really, he decides to change the
23:29
Speaker 1: plan without informing Sapala of this plan. See, originally two
23:37
Speaker 1: mishals are supposed to meet up in Nulato. It gets
23:40
Speaker 1: passed over from one to the other and off he
23:43
Speaker 1: trots sapalas away. Now instead of just having two mishaals,
23:49
Speaker 1: it's decided that, in order to ensure sort of the
23:53
Speaker 1: best possible outcome, that the teams would be waiting in
23:59
Speaker 1: different road houses, so it would be like a sled
24:02
Speaker 1: relay and it would just be passed from one to
24:04
Speaker 1: the other in order to ensure that the teams and
24:07
Speaker 1: the dogs and the mushalls would all be you know, fresh,
24:11
Speaker 1: that they would be faster and it would be more efficient,
24:14
Speaker 1: and so it would get through quicker, so that nobody
24:16
Speaker 1: would be to run down because again they're all traveling
24:19
Speaker 1: through this really harsh terrain in fucking awful weather because
24:24
Speaker 1: it's like twenty degrees like lower than it should be,
24:30
Speaker 1: and it's like one of the worst like recorded winters,
24:33
Speaker 1: Like it is bad, like really really bad. So now
24:43
Speaker 1: it seems like a good time to take away break and.
24:45
Speaker 2: Hear a little from our sponsors, and we are.
24:58
Speaker 1: Back delicious friends. So yes, Leonard Sabala has left for Nulato,
25:08
Speaker 1: but the plans have changed and now he's not supposed
25:11
Speaker 1: to be going to Nulato. He's supposed to be going
25:14
Speaker 1: to Shaktulik. Shaktulik, I've probably terribly mispronounced that, and it's
25:21
Speaker 1: about ninety five miles to the west, and saying that
25:24
Speaker 1: he's already left, there's no way to let him know
25:28
Speaker 1: that he is supposed to be going there. His roote
25:32
Speaker 1: doesn't go through any villages or any villages that had telephones,
25:36
Speaker 1: and they basically just kind of had to hope that
25:40
Speaker 1: he wouldn't miss the collection, which would have just ruined
25:46
Speaker 1: everything that it would have been destroyed. It wouldn't have
25:48
Speaker 1: made it. Now, when the governor Scott C. Bone, I'm sorry,
25:56
Speaker 1: but like it's about dogs and his name is Bone,
26:00
Speaker 1: Like you couldn't write this now, he decides to add
26:05
Speaker 1: more mushals and more dogs and he just sends out
26:07
Speaker 1: like blasts, you know, looking for it, like dogs led
26:12
Speaker 1: teams who lived along the route, and we're willing to
26:15
Speaker 1: volunteer because you know, this is dangerous shit, like this
26:19
Speaker 1: is not an easy trick by any standards, and twenty
26:24
Speaker 1: mushals sign on and there are mailmen, trapls, guides and
26:31
Speaker 1: sweep steak rasles, so people who are used to the trail,
26:35
Speaker 1: and they come from like all these different backgrounds. They're
26:39
Speaker 1: all from different regions, and you have sort of people
26:43
Speaker 1: of European descent, you have Norwegian immigrants, and you also
26:47
Speaker 1: have indigenous Alaskans. So everybody is just coming together. They
26:54
Speaker 1: heard the call and they're trying to do something. And
27:00
Speaker 1: the thing is, over the years, the names of all
27:04
Speaker 1: these people involved have been lost to the fucking wind,
27:09
Speaker 1: and we might not know their names, but we're gonna
27:10
Speaker 1: remember what they bloody did. And of course we don't
27:13
Speaker 1: know the reasons why these men were involved, why they
27:16
Speaker 1: took on this like dangerous mission. But like the last
27:21
Speaker 1: living survivor, like back in the nineties, he said that
27:24
Speaker 1: he just wanted to help, like he wanted to do
27:27
Speaker 1: his bit, and he bloody did. So all in all,
27:31
Speaker 1: you have twenty mushalls. Now Mischa is the dog sled driver.
27:36
Speaker 1: That's why they go mush mush. I didn't know that
27:40
Speaker 1: until I started looking up this story, because it's not
27:44
Speaker 1: something you get in rural Ireland, Like we don't have
27:48
Speaker 1: dog sledding. I don't think.
27:50
Speaker 2: I don't think, do we?
27:53
Speaker 1: I mean, could you imagine it in like an Irish
27:56
Speaker 1: wolfhound like sled That would be terrifying but also very funny.
28:02
Speaker 1: I'm just saying. So there's twenty mishells and one hundred
28:08
Speaker 1: and fifty dogs, so basically there's two breeds dogs. You've
28:13
Speaker 1: got Siberian Huskies and Alaskan Malamutes. And Togo. He was
28:17
Speaker 1: a wee husky and I say we because he was
28:21
Speaker 1: the runt of his letter. He was just like a
28:23
Speaker 1: wee dog. And like initially he wasn't too impressed with Togo,
28:29
Speaker 1: like Leonard Sapala was like eh, but then when he
28:32
Speaker 1: trained him a wee bit, he realized, like what a
28:34
Speaker 1: good lead dog he was. Like he also trained Balto,
28:39
Speaker 1: so like he trained both those dogs, but he thought
28:42
Speaker 1: Balto was just like not as good as Togo. And
28:46
Speaker 1: also at this point, remember Togo is twelve, Like he
28:50
Speaker 1: is not a young dog, and that makes what he
28:53
Speaker 1: does like so much more impressive.
28:55
Speaker 2: Was that I'm all.
28:56
Speaker 1: About giving big loved old dogs. Now back to the serum,
29:01
Speaker 1: So you've got about three hundred thousand doses of anti
29:04
Speaker 1: tooxin and it has traveled from Anchorage to Nanana. Was
29:09
Speaker 1: I calling it Nanana earlier? I was? Wasn't I I was?
29:14
Speaker 1: Anyway Nanana. I'm not going to go back and re
29:17
Speaker 1: record it because I'm already too far in. I'm sorry, lads,
29:19
Speaker 1: that ain't happening. So you've got three hundred thousand doses
29:23
Speaker 1: of anti tooxin and it is packed and it's all
29:26
Speaker 1: wrapped in quilts and a metal cylinder. They're basically trying
29:29
Speaker 1: to protect it as much from like the cold and
29:32
Speaker 1: everything else. Now it's easy to say that all twenty
29:35
Speaker 1: of these mushals knew exactly what they were letting themselves
29:38
Speaker 1: in for, because you know, they live in Alaska. They
29:41
Speaker 1: should be used to the winters, they should be used
29:42
Speaker 1: to the weather, they should be used to the trail. Yeah. Yeah,
29:48
Speaker 1: Now it's this. This is not an easy journey. It
29:51
Speaker 1: is six hundred and seventy four miles through the Alaskan wilderness,
29:58
Speaker 1: across mountain ranges, across a frozen sea with hurricane force
30:05
Speaker 1: winds and temperatures that were like at the lowest they
30:12
Speaker 1: had been for twenty years, and the temperature was hitting
30:16
Speaker 1: as low as minus sixty two degrees fahrenheit, which is
30:21
Speaker 1: like minus fifty something celsius. Listen, Google did the conversion.
30:28
Speaker 1: If it's wrong, you can just math me anyway. It's
30:32
Speaker 1: nine pm on the twenty seventh of January nineteen twenty five,
30:37
Speaker 1: and the Great Race of Mercy begins when one wild
30:40
Speaker 1: Bill Shannon meets the train in Nanana. Now, I am
30:45
Speaker 1: going to go out an Olympia and say that wild
30:47
Speaker 1: Bill is of Irish descent. So he meets the train,
30:52
Speaker 1: picks up the serum, packs it on a sled, and
30:55
Speaker 1: heads out with his dog team, which is led by Black.
31:00
Speaker 1: Now these dogs were not the most experienced, but you
31:05
Speaker 1: know they're doing their best, and for some it wasn't
31:11
Speaker 1: gonna be good enough. Trigger warning, some dogs are gonna die. Now,
31:18
Speaker 1: remember this is nighttime in winter in Alaska, and it
31:25
Speaker 1: is heading like minus fifty degrees minus sixty degrees feirenheit celsius.
31:31
Speaker 1: It's cold. It's very, very cold, and he is heading
31:35
Speaker 1: off straight away because as far as he's concerned, we
31:39
Speaker 1: don't have time to wait. He is in fact correct,
31:44
Speaker 1: so he leaves immediately and the temperature just.
31:47
Speaker 2: Drops, like pretty severely.
31:50
Speaker 1: It is so cold that Shannon, he can't actually just
31:54
Speaker 1: stay on the sled. He ends up having to like
31:57
Speaker 1: run alongside it in order to keep warm, and this
32:01
Speaker 1: may shock you, but it does not help, and he
32:05
Speaker 1: ends up getting hypothermia and frostbite to his face, Like
32:10
Speaker 1: his face is going black with frostbite. Now the dogs
32:15
Speaker 1: are running along, but unfortunately they're forced onto the even
32:20
Speaker 1: colder ice of the river because the trail has been
32:24
Speaker 1: buggered up by horses, Like they can't physically go over
32:28
Speaker 1: it because the way it's been mushed up. So he
32:31
Speaker 1: reaches Minto at three am and decides he needs to
32:34
Speaker 1: take a break. He needs to warm up, and so
32:37
Speaker 1: he sets a fire, warms up the serum, warms up himself.
32:41
Speaker 1: Now he rests for about four hours because you know,
32:43
Speaker 1: he's combating hypothermia and frostbite. But he knows that he
32:49
Speaker 1: is on a mission and he cannot afford to stay
32:51
Speaker 1: any longer. He needs to get where he needs to go,
32:54
Speaker 1: and he needs to get there as quickly as possible. Now,
32:58
Speaker 1: he notices that several of his dogs aren't doing that well,
33:03
Speaker 1: and so he leaves three by the fire and heads
33:06
Speaker 1: off with his remaining team because he's still got fifty
33:09
Speaker 1: two miles to go before Tolavona. He leaves the warmth
33:13
Speaker 1: of the fire and braces the Alaskan weather to try
33:18
Speaker 1: and make it to his destination. Now wild Will. Shannon
33:22
Speaker 1: did return for his dogs after his part of the
33:25
Speaker 1: journey was over, but they didn't make it. Shannon and
33:30
Speaker 1: his team finally reached Tullavana by eleven am, where he
33:34
Speaker 1: is met by Edgar Khaland now Kland, as it turns out,
33:39
Speaker 1: is half at the basket. So he's correct me if
33:43
Speaker 1: I'm wrong, that would make him First Nations part First Nations. Yeah, no, yeah, anyway,
33:51
Speaker 1: Caland manages to make it to Minto the night before,
33:56
Speaker 1: but he ends up being sent back like the day
33:59
Speaker 1: of really like they're like, no, go to Toullvana, wait there,
34:03
Speaker 1: and so he does so. When he gets the seerum
34:07
Speaker 1: from Shannon, who is in pretty bad shape, he ends
34:11
Speaker 1: up warming it in the roadhouse like by the fire,
34:14
Speaker 1: and once he's like it's sufficiently warm, off his heads
34:18
Speaker 1: with his dogs and he is making his way through
34:21
Speaker 1: forest and he takes the seerum all the way across
34:25
Speaker 1: to Manly Hot Springs. When he gets there, the owner
34:30
Speaker 1: has to pour boiling water onto the handlebar of the
34:35
Speaker 1: sled because Callen's hands had frozen to it, like right
34:43
Speaker 1: to the sled. So from this point it's mainly Athabascan
34:48
Speaker 1: people that are transporting the seerum like across Alaska, and no,
34:54
Speaker 1: I could not find their names. Are any of us
34:57
Speaker 1: really that surprised? No? Yes, A bunch of First Nations
35:01
Speaker 1: people transport the anti toxin until it finally reaches the
35:05
Speaker 1: hands of Edgar Nonner, so he picks it up at
35:09
Speaker 1: Whiskey Creek and he is racing towards Galina, hoping that
35:15
Speaker 1: his dogs know the trail well enough to make it there,
35:19
Speaker 1: because he can't actually see his dogs. He can barely
35:22
Speaker 1: see his hand in front of his face because of
35:25
Speaker 1: the fog that's coming off the snow, like he cannot
35:29
Speaker 1: see shit. Like it is blind faith at this point,
35:33
Speaker 1: but he makes the twenty four mile journey to Galina
35:36
Speaker 1: and passes the seerum to his brother, George Nonner. Now, George,
35:41
Speaker 1: he is absolutely legging it to Bishop Mountain so he
35:44
Speaker 1: can pass the Seerroum on to his brother in law,
35:47
Speaker 1: Charlie Evans. At least I think it's his brother in law.
35:51
Speaker 1: It's either his brother in law or his brother, Edgar's
35:55
Speaker 1: brother in law. He is a brother in law of
35:59
Speaker 1: one of them, not sure which one though. Now, because
36:02
Speaker 1: the temperatures had risen a wee bit, it made some
36:07
Speaker 1: of the journey even more difficult. And you think, why,
36:12
Speaker 1: if it's warmer, surely it's easier to travel. Now, that's great,
36:16
Speaker 1: except Charlie Evans. Yea, he has to cross a frozen river.
36:21
Speaker 1: So there's this bit where the Coyacok River meets the Yukon,
36:24
Speaker 1: it flows into it and because the temperature had thowed,
36:28
Speaker 1: so the ice it begins to crack, and of course
36:31
Speaker 1: it's river water comes out. And I don't know if
36:35
Speaker 1: you know this, but freezing temperatures and water not the
36:40
Speaker 1: best of mixtures, especially on a body. So the ice cracks,
36:45
Speaker 1: water comes up. The dogs try and cross the river,
36:48
Speaker 1: and the two lead dogs get soaked and they end
36:52
Speaker 1: up collapsing from frostbite. So he ends up picking up
36:57
Speaker 1: the dogs, putting them on his sledge, grabs the reins himself,
37:04
Speaker 1: and then physically leads the dogs led the rest of
37:07
Speaker 1: the way to Nulato. And when he does arrive there,
37:12
Speaker 1: unfortunately both of his lead dogs they died. So Evans
37:18
Speaker 1: he lands in Nulatto at ten am, and thirty minutes
37:22
Speaker 1: later Tommy Patsy is taking the Seerum out of Nulato
37:27
Speaker 1: and is heading towards the Caltag Portage. That sounds like
37:33
Speaker 1: I've said it wrong, but anyway, I've said it. So
37:37
Speaker 1: he gets it to Jack Nikolai, also known as Jack Screw.
37:43
Speaker 1: He gets it to the old woman cabin, which is
37:46
Speaker 1: like halfway up the portage. The anti toxin is then
37:50
Speaker 1: passed from Jack Screw to Victor and a Jick who
37:56
Speaker 1: gets it down the second half of the portage and
38:00
Speaker 1: hands it to Miles Ganagnin. And that's about the Norton
38:09
Speaker 1: Sound in un A LACLT. And that's about five am
38:14
Speaker 1: on January thirty first. Now there is a storm brewing,
38:18
Speaker 1: and they're supposed to be like the shortcut you can
38:20
Speaker 1: take across like the ice of the sound, and he
38:23
Speaker 1: ends up crossing the hills instead. Like half an hour
38:27
Speaker 1: after getting this year, he starts heading out because he
38:32
Speaker 1: has like no other choice, like he can't go across
38:36
Speaker 1: the ice, like he has to go like through the hills.
38:40
Speaker 1: And there is a white out and they do manage
38:45
Speaker 1: to clear by the time he reaches the shore, and
38:48
Speaker 1: by three pm here rise at Shaktulik. Now again, this
38:57
Speaker 1: is where Leonard Sapala is supposed to be, but he
39:01
Speaker 1: has not been notified because there's no body way to
39:04
Speaker 1: notify him. But luckily they had a backup plan because
39:08
Speaker 1: Henry Ivanov was there. Unbeknownst to absolutely everybody. Sapala was
39:14
Speaker 1: actually fairly close because he decided to take a shortcut,
39:19
Speaker 1: a really really dangerous shortcut. He had gone across the
39:22
Speaker 1: Norton Sound, which is a frozen sea forty two miles long.
39:28
Speaker 1: But because he'd taken that shortcut as opposed to Miles
39:33
Speaker 1: who had gone round it, like he was heading towards
39:39
Speaker 1: sort of or past shark Tuluk, where Ivanoff had left.
39:44
Speaker 1: So Sapala had basically reached it just as just as
39:49
Speaker 1: Ivanof was leaving, and he wasn't really paying attention to him,
39:55
Speaker 1: like he wasn't expecting to see another musher on the trail,
39:58
Speaker 1: and so he almost like rove right past him, except
40:04
Speaker 1: Ivanov's dogs had got like spooked, they've been scared by
40:07
Speaker 1: a reindeer, and they they were tangled up, so they
40:13
Speaker 1: should have passed each other earlier, and they wouldn't have noticed.
40:18
Speaker 1: But because Ivanov had stalled, because he was fucking untangling,
40:22
Speaker 1: you know, the reins, he was able to shout over
40:26
Speaker 1: to Sapala, who he knew was supposed to be there anyway.
40:31
Speaker 1: Like he was able to shout at him and like
40:34
Speaker 1: like scream that he had the serum. Like he sees
40:37
Speaker 1: him and he's like the.
40:38
Speaker 2: Serum, this serub I have it here, and.
40:43
Speaker 1: Like in a crazy random happenstance, Leonard Sapala actually managed
40:50
Speaker 1: to hear him, and like, at this point, Leonard, here,
40:55
Speaker 1: he's been traveling far enough. He's already gone one hundred
40:59
Speaker 1: and seventeen miles and that's from Nome to there. So
41:03
Speaker 1: now what he's gonna do is he's going to head
41:05
Speaker 1: back to Glovin, which is like ninety one miles away.
41:10
Speaker 1: So he just grabs the seerrum, turns around and off
41:14
Speaker 1: he fucking goes, right and off he goes. Now here's
41:18
Speaker 1: the thing him in Togo, they're used to this journey,
41:22
Speaker 1: like they're used to going across the Norton Sound. So
41:25
Speaker 1: like before this, like the team the Dogs, they'd got
41:29
Speaker 1: stuck on an ice floor and they were going towards
41:33
Speaker 1: the sea like I said, it's a dangerous bit. So
41:37
Speaker 1: Leonard here ties a rope around to go and then
41:43
Speaker 1: picks him up and just fucking lobs him onto like
41:47
Speaker 1: the ice that's actually stuck to the land, so that
41:51
Speaker 1: Togo can then pull the rest of the dogs to safety.
41:55
Speaker 1: Like now the rope snaps and falls into the water,
42:04
Speaker 1: like and Togo, super fucking hero dog here jumps in,
42:10
Speaker 1: grabs the rope, pulls it back onto the land, and
42:14
Speaker 1: then pulls the rest of the dog's back like what
42:20
Speaker 1: now anyway, this time, like that was the previous time
42:25
Speaker 1: or one of the previous times. This time they are
42:29
Speaker 1: trudging through like minus eighty five degree weather and it's
42:37
Speaker 1: a white out and it's also pitch black, so you've
42:41
Speaker 1: got like gale force winds, you've got wide outs, you've
42:45
Speaker 1: got black darkness, and he just has to rely on Togo.
42:52
Speaker 1: So he's done this journey before, and he could have
42:54
Speaker 1: gone the safer route, he could have taken that little
42:56
Speaker 1: bit of extra time, but he went fuck this for
42:59
Speaker 1: a game of soldier and of him in Togo went
43:02
Speaker 1: so because the stormy weather had gotten worse, like the
43:06
Speaker 1: ice had started to break, and he really had to
43:10
Speaker 1: rely on tog to like make his way carefully across
43:15
Speaker 1: the ice and back onto solid ground. So they get
43:19
Speaker 1: there across Little McKinley Mountain, and it's like one of
43:24
Speaker 1: the toughest parts of this entire trail because you know,
43:29
Speaker 1: the ground is is not you know, universal, like it's
43:35
Speaker 1: not simple. It's going up and down. You've got ridges
43:40
Speaker 1: and ledges and it is It's difficult, Okay, it's it's
43:46
Speaker 1: very difficult. And so they manage to get to Golovin
43:54
Speaker 1: at about three pm on February first, and the seerum
43:59
Speaker 1: has passed on to Olson, who packs the serum onto
44:02
Speaker 1: his sledge and makes his way towards Bluff. So as
44:07
Speaker 1: he's traveling along the trail, there's a wind chill of
44:10
Speaker 1: like minus seventy it's getting stormy, and he is blown
44:15
Speaker 1: off the trail and it is so cold. He is
44:18
Speaker 1: like desperately trying to protect his dogs, and so he
44:22
Speaker 1: actually gets frostbite in his hands from putting blankets on
44:26
Speaker 1: his dogs to protect them. So when he finally reaches
44:30
Speaker 1: Bluff at seven pm, and he should have been there
44:32
Speaker 1: much earlier. When he finally reaches there, like he is
44:37
Speaker 1: not in good shape and he passes the serum on
44:40
Speaker 1: to the most person who got all of the glory
44:43
Speaker 1: from this scenario, Gunner Cassin. So Gunner, he actually worked
44:50
Speaker 1: for Leonard Sapallo, like he was an employee slash colleague
44:54
Speaker 1: slash person, and Balto was his main dog, who like
44:59
Speaker 1: Leonard didn't really and I'm not here to insult an
45:01
Speaker 1: animal because I'm not going to be mean to dogs
45:03
Speaker 1: because as we know, all dogs go to heaven. But
45:06
Speaker 1: also justice for Togo, Justice for Togo. So yeah, anyway,
45:12
Speaker 1: he is like waiting out the storm and he realizes, ah,
45:15
Speaker 1: there's no waiting out the storm. It's not getting any better,
45:18
Speaker 1: and this seerrum needs to get going, and so he
45:21
Speaker 1: breaches this storm. There's like eighty mile an hour winds
45:27
Speaker 1: at this point, and he is just powering through where
45:31
Speaker 1: he gets hit or the sledge gets hit by one
45:34
Speaker 1: of these winds, and the serum is just like knocked
45:37
Speaker 1: right into the snow. Like luckily, it's like bundled up
45:39
Speaker 1: in blankets and flowers and then encased. But he knows
45:42
Speaker 1: if it gets too cold, like it's useless, and so
45:46
Speaker 1: he has to pull off his glove and like stick
45:49
Speaker 1: his bare hand into the snow so we can physically
45:52
Speaker 1: grab like this tube and like pull it out, and
45:55
Speaker 1: he ends up getting like really really severe frostbite because
45:58
Speaker 1: of it, but he manages to save the serum. So
46:01
Speaker 1: Gunner Casson, this leg of the journey was only supposed
46:04
Speaker 1: to be like twenty eight miles, and he makes it.
46:07
Speaker 1: And he's early, even with like the snow battery and
46:11
Speaker 1: him waiting out, you know, like he's going. Now. I
46:17
Speaker 1: think a lot of this is like time that was
46:19
Speaker 1: made up by Leonard, but I'm not here to like
46:23
Speaker 1: make a big deal of it. But anyway, so because
46:26
Speaker 1: he's doing so well and he's making up such good time,
46:30
Speaker 1: when he reaches Solomon, instead of waking up ed Rowan,
46:33
Speaker 1: who's supposed to be doing the next leg of the journey,
46:36
Speaker 1: he just keeps going because he doesn't want to wake
46:39
Speaker 1: him up. He doesn't want to have to get the
46:41
Speaker 1: dogs ready. He's like, I'm just gonna keep going. I
46:44
Speaker 1: think I can make it, and so off he goes.
46:49
Speaker 1: Now he manages to arrive in Nome at five point
46:54
Speaker 1: thirty am on the second of February nineteen twenty five.
46:59
Speaker 1: So I in a shock turn of events which surprise
47:01
Speaker 1: is absolutely fucking no one. The serum, as it turns out,
47:06
Speaker 1: has frozen. Luckily enough, doctor Curtis welch Is managed to
47:12
Speaker 1: thought and treat his dip theory of patients so as
47:18
Speaker 1: the sort of really was ongoing, like more people had
47:23
Speaker 1: contracted diphtheria. So, needless to say, they were incredibly grateful
47:28
Speaker 1: that the serum arrived, especially arriving early. So within three
47:33
Speaker 1: weeks of the serum arriving in Gnome, like the quarantine
47:38
Speaker 1: was lifted and the epidemic threat was gone. And so
47:43
Speaker 1: on the twenty first of February nineteen twenty five, the
47:47
Speaker 1: village of Nome was saved by twenty meishers one hundred
47:53
Speaker 1: and fifty dogs who had traveled six hundred and seventy
47:57
Speaker 1: four miles over the course of one hundred and twenty
48:01
Speaker 1: seven hours and thirty minutes, which is about twelve hours
48:05
Speaker 1: earlier than they had anticipated. So because Gunnar and Baltle
48:12
Speaker 1: were the ones to arrive and know, they got a
48:15
Speaker 1: lot of the publicity and a lot of the credit.
48:18
Speaker 1: Basically they had really really good pr and Balto gets
48:22
Speaker 1: all this praise and he gets a movie and all
48:24
Speaker 1: this stuff, even though Togo is the one who did
48:26
Speaker 1: like the most difficult part of the journey, justice for Togo.
48:31
Speaker 1: But yeah, they're saved and the rest of the mushers
48:36
Speaker 1: are all the mishals. They end up getting what was
48:40
Speaker 1: it now like thirty five dollars which is in today's
48:45
Speaker 1: money six hundred and twenty seven dollars and ten cents. Yes,
48:50
Speaker 1: I did look it up. And they end up getting medals.
48:57
Speaker 1: What was it now like this? The people who had
49:00
Speaker 1: made this year, im like they sent out medals or
49:03
Speaker 1: maybe President Calvin Coolidge. The sources are spotty and old
49:09
Speaker 1: timely newspapers.
49:10
Speaker 2: They were just like, yeah, that.
49:11
Speaker 1: Seems fine, that'll do. But yeah, that is the story,
49:18
Speaker 1: that is our good news. Where a town it was
49:20
Speaker 1: mainly children who had contracted diphtheria. So a village of
49:27
Speaker 1: children were saved by a group of men of different
49:33
Speaker 1: ethnicities and nationalities working together with a bunch of really
49:37
Speaker 1: good boys, really good duks who deserved so many earscriptures
49:42
Speaker 1: and treats. Yeah, and they came together to help people,
49:52
Speaker 1: and so ends my story. If you liked my retelling,
49:55
Speaker 1: please feel free to rate and review five stars. It
49:58
Speaker 1: will be amazing. I do expect a bunch of like
50:03
Speaker 1: big bad ratings for my opinions this week, and you
50:08
Speaker 1: know my professional statements. But it is what it is.
50:12
Speaker 1: And sometimes we just need a little bit of good news,
50:15
Speaker 1: even good history, just something to give us a little
50:20
Speaker 1: bit of a break, which doesn't happen often again, because
50:23
Speaker 1: history really bloody depressing. I don't forget. You can follow
50:27
Speaker 1: me on the socials. I'm on all of them. Yeah,
50:31
Speaker 1: you can date a meat and stuff. It's cool. I
50:33
Speaker 1: also answer emails as long as those emails aren't rude, okay.
50:40
Speaker 1: And now it's a recommendation. Time for watching. You're gonna
50:46
Speaker 1: laugh at me, but watch an episode of Bluey. Doesn't
50:52
Speaker 1: matter which one pick one, watch an episode of Bluey.
50:56
Speaker 1: Just relax.
50:58
Speaker 2: And just let it happen.
51:03
Speaker 1: For listening, I'm gonna suggest my friend I've had him
51:10
Speaker 1: on before, Kraken's Cabin podcast. It's a little bit of
51:17
Speaker 1: escapism and it's a very lovely voice reading you a
51:21
Speaker 1: bedtime story and a cabin for reasons, but just go
51:26
Speaker 1: with it. It's fine, Just go with it. And for reading,
51:33
Speaker 1: oh you know what, I'm just gonna recommend my Palell's book.
51:38
Speaker 1: Just go read Glasshouses by Melanie Murphy. There you go.
51:42
Speaker 1: You're welcome. I'm just gonna promote my pals now because
51:45
Speaker 1: I feel like it, because I'm in that mood. If
51:49
Speaker 1: I had friends who made TV shows, I would also
51:54
Speaker 1: get you to watch that, I guess, or a movie.
51:56
Speaker 1: If my friends run a movie, I would totally tell
51:59
Speaker 1: you to watch it, even if that movie was awful,
52:02
Speaker 1: because they deserve some love. Oh that was bad. I
52:06
Speaker 1: was so bad. Okay, now, thank you for listening. I
52:10
Speaker 1: hope we've had I know there's some sad bits in
52:13
Speaker 1: the story, but in the end, an entire village of
52:15
Speaker 1: children was saved, and I think that's just something really
52:20
Speaker 1: nice to think about. And so I shall bid you
52:23
Speaker 1: good night, adios au revoir vidas my friends, Bye bye.