Latest / Marriage Life and More and Bible Study / Isaiah 22 - God Said, "Repent." Jerusalem Said, "Pass the Nachos!" - 363

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Isaiah 22 - God Said, "Repent." Jerusalem Said, "Pass the Nachos!" - 363 · Marriage Life and More and Bible Study

• 0:06
  Daniel Moore: So Jerusalem, the enemy is at the gate, the defenses are failing, and your big spiritual strategy is throw a party?
• 0:14
  Daniel Moore: You remembered to inspect the walls, count the weapons, and secure the water supply, but did anybody think maybe we should check in with the God who gave us the city?
• 0:24
  Daniel Moore: Well this week we're opening Isaiah chapter 22, and Isaiah turned his attention towards Jerusalem, the very people who should have known better.
• 0:33
  Daniel Moore: Trouble is coming, the city is in danger, and everybody is scrambling to get ready.
• 0:38
  Daniel Moore: They're checking the weapons, strengthening the walls, protecting the water supply, and doing everything you would expect during a national emergency.
• 0:46
  Daniel Moore: There's just one rather important item missing from the emergency preparedness checklist.
• 0:51
  Daniel Moore: God.
• 0:52
  Daniel Moore: Isaiah says, but ye have not looked into the maker thereof, neither had respect unto him that fashioned it long ago.
• 1:00
  Daniel Moore: In other words, they were preparing for everything except the one who actually controlled the outcome.
• 1:06
  Daniel Moore: And somehow things even get stranger.
• 1:08
  Daniel Moore: God calls the people to repentance, warning, and humility.
• 1:12
  Daniel Moore: But instead, they decide, this sounds like a great time for a barbecue.
• 1:17
  Daniel Moore: Their attitude becomes, let us eat and drink, for tomorrow we shall die.
• 1:22
  Daniel Moore: Well, that's not exactly the response Isaiah was hoping for.
• 1:25
  Daniel Moore: But underneath the humor is a serious warning that hits surprisingly close to home.
• 1:31
  Daniel Moore: It is possible to be extremely prepared for a crisis and completely unprepared spiritually.
• 1:37
  Daniel Moore: Isaiah 22 challenges us to ask where we look first when life starts falling apart.
• 1:42
  Daniel Moore: To our resources, our plans, our own ingenuity, or to the God who sees the whole picture.
• 1:49
  Daniel Moore: To grab your Bible, turn to Isaiah chapter 22, and let's see what happens when Jerusalem has plenty of preparation, but not enough dependence on God.
• 1:58
  Daniel Moore: Let's get to it.
• 2:03
  Daniel Moore: Welcome to Connecting the Gap.
• 2:05
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  Daniel Moore: And we thank you for doing that.
• 2:40
  Daniel Moore: Well, welcome once again as we continue our verse-by-verse study through Isaiah.
• 2:44
  Daniel Moore: And this week we've reached chapter 21.
• 2:48
  Daniel Moore: And this is a little bit longer chapter.
• 2:50
  Daniel Moore: We want to get through it.
• 2:50
  Daniel Moore: So we're going to go ahead and jump into that for this week as we're going to tear this chapter apart.
• 2:56
  Daniel Moore: You can visit our website for any resources you'd like to get from us here as a ministry.
• 3:01
  Daniel Moore: We do have this verse-by-verse study in book format.
• 3:04
  Daniel Moore: You can get it in hardback, paperback, or ebook.
• 3:06
  Daniel Moore: And you can check our resources page for that.
• 3:08
  Daniel Moore: There's also marriage resources there as well.
• 3:11
  Daniel Moore: And there's a contact page you can reach out to us and tell us how you're enjoying this series as we study Isaiah verse by verse.
• 3:19
  Daniel Moore: Well, we're going to do is we're going to go ahead and get started for this week.
• 3:24
  Daniel Moore: And we're going to break this into two sections.
• 3:27
  Daniel Moore: So we're going to go ahead and start in Isaiah chapter 22, verses 1 through 12.
• 3:44
  Daniel Moore: Isaiah chapter 22 presents a prophetic oracle concerning the Valley of Vision, a poetic reference to Jerusalem.
• 3:52
  Daniel Moore: In this chapter, the prophet Isaiah delivers a message of judgment against the city for its complacency and lack of true repentance in the face of impending disaster.
• 4:02
  Daniel Moore: The chapter reveals God's displeasure with the people's reliance on human strategies and failure to seek him during a time of crisis.
• 4:10
  Daniel Moore: It also includes a striking personal judgment against Shebna, a high-ranking official, and introduces Eliakim as a faithful servant who will be trusted with authority.
• 4:21
  Daniel Moore: This chapter stands as both a warning to those who trust in their own strength and a reminder of God's sovereign control over leaders and nations.
• 4:30
  Daniel Moore: So as we get started this week, we're going to go ahead and start by reading our text, and we're going to start by reading verses 1 through 12 from the ESV version of the Bible.
• 4:42
  Daniel Moore: Isaiah 22, verse 1, the oracle concerning the valley of vision.
• 4:47
  Daniel Moore: What do you mean that you have gone up?
• 4:49
  Daniel Moore: All of you to the housetops, you who are full of shoutings, tumultuous city, exultant town?
• 4:55
  Daniel Moore: Your slain are not slain with the sword or dead in battle, all your leaders have fled together, without the bow, they were captured.
• 5:03
  Daniel Moore: All of you who are found were captured, though they had fled far away.
• 5:08
  Daniel Moore: Therefore I said, Look away from me, let me weep bitter tears, do not labor to comfort me, concerning the destruction of the daughters of my people.
• 5:18
  Daniel Moore: For the Lord God of hosts has a day of tumult and trampling and confusion in the valley of Vision, a battering down of walls and a shouting to the mountains.
• 5:28
  Daniel Moore: And Elam bore the quiver with chariots and horsemen, and Ker uncovered the shield.
• 5:33
  Daniel Moore: Your choicest valleys were full of chariots, and the horsemen took their stand at the gates.
• 5:39
  Daniel Moore: He has taken away the covering of Judah.
• 5:43
  Daniel Moore: In that day you looked to the weapons of the house of the forest, and you saw that the breaches of the city of David were many.
• 5:50
  Daniel Moore: You collected the waters of the lower pool, and you counted the house of Jerusalem, and you broke down the houses to fortify the wall.
• 5:57
  Daniel Moore: You made a reservoir between the two walls for the water of the old pool, but you did not look to him who did it, or see him who planned it long ago.
• 6:07
  Daniel Moore: In that day the Lord God of hosts called for weeping and mourning, for baldness, and wearing sackcloth.
• 6:15
  Daniel Moore: So we're going to go ahead and stop there for the moment, and we'll come up and pick up the rest of the scriptures here after we walk through these first twelve verses.
• 6:23
  Daniel Moore: So as we get started here, this starts out with a pronouncement against Jerusalem.
• 6:28
  Daniel Moore: As we start looking at this verse by verse study here in verse 1, it says the oracle concerning the valley of vision.
• 6:34
  Daniel Moore: What do you mean that you have gone up, all of you to the house tops?
• 6:38
  Daniel Moore: Well, here the term valley of vision is a poetic and somewhat ironic title for Jerusalem.
• 6:44
  Daniel Moore: Though physically positioned on a hill, Jerusalem is metaphorically called a valley because it is spiritually blind, unable to see the truth despite being the center of prophetic revelation.
• 6:56
  Daniel Moore: Matthew Henry notes that Jerusalem had once been a place of divine visions and spiritual insight, but it had lost its holiness and had become corrupt.
• 7:06
  Daniel Moore: The question, what do you mean that you have gone up to the house tops, refers to the cultural practice of climbing rooftops to see, celebrate, or mourn.
• 7:16
  Daniel Moore: But here it's a sarcastic indictment.
• 7:19
  Daniel Moore: The people were gathering on their flat rooftops not out of repentance, but to celebrate or gawk and disbelief during a time of danger.
• 7:28
  Daniel Moore: John MacArthur states that during an impending siege, the people of Jerusalem were engaging in revelry instead of repentance, showing spiritual ignorance and arrogance even as destruction loomed.
• 7:41
  Daniel Moore: Verse 2, you who are full of shoutings, tumultuous city, exultant town, your slain or not slain, with the sword are dead in battle.
• 7:51
  Daniel Moore: Verse 2 here intensifies the irony.
• 7:54
  Daniel Moore: Jerusalem is described as a tumultuous city, full of shoutings and celebration, completely detached from the grim situation that it faces.
• 8:03
  Daniel Moore: The city's leaders and citizens are not somber or penitent, they are joyful in the midst of crisis.
• 8:10
  Daniel Moore: The line, You're slain or not slain with the sword or dead in battle, suggests that Jerusalem's destruction would not come in honorable battle, but in disgrace, through starvation, siege or captivity, possibly without resistance.
• 8:25
  Daniel Moore: The ESV study Bible notes that this refers to the humiliation of defeat without a fight, undermining the city's pride.
• 8:33
  Daniel Moore: Historically, this points to events surrounding the Assyrian siege, or more likely the Babylonian siege in 586 BC, when Jerusalem fell due to internal decay and divine judgment rather than military defeat alone.
• 8:49
  Daniel Moore: Verse 3, all your leaders have fled together.
• 8:52
  Daniel Moore: Without the bow they were captured.
• 8:54
  Daniel Moore: All of you who are found were captured, though they had fled far away.
• 9:00
  Daniel Moore: So this verse describes the cowardice and failure of Jerusalem's leaders, who abandoned their post and fled in fear.
• 9:07
  Daniel Moore: The phrase, without the bow they were captured, implies that they didn't even fight back.
• 9:12
  Daniel Moore: They were taken prisoner while trying to escape.
• 9:15
  Daniel Moore: This highlights a deeper national moral crisis.
• 9:18
  Daniel Moore: Not only the people, but their leaders lacked courage, integrity, and faith in God.
• 9:25
  Daniel Moore: Matthew Henry points out that during the Babylonian siege of Jerusalem, the nobles and officials tried to escape, but were overtaken by the enemy.
• 9:34
  Daniel Moore: This is recorded in 2 Kings 25, verses 4 through 7, where King Zedekiah and his men fled by night, but were captured.
• 9:43
  Daniel Moore: The verse underscores the futility of human plans without divine protection.
• 9:49
  Daniel Moore: Verse 4.
• 9:51
  Daniel Moore: Therefore I said, Look away from me, let me weep bitter tears.
• 9:55
  Daniel Moore: Do not labor to comfort me concerning the destruction of the daughter of my people.
• 10:00
  Daniel Moore: Here Isaiah breaks into personal lament.
• 10:03
  Daniel Moore: He is deeply grieved and instructs others not to comfort him.
• 10:08
  Daniel Moore: The daughter of my people is a poetic way of referring to Jerusalem or Judah as a beloved but wayward child.
• 10:14
  Daniel Moore: The prophet's sorrow is deep and raw.
• 10:17
  Daniel Moore: He sees the coming destruction not just as a military calamity, but a spiritual tragedy.
• 10:23
  Daniel Moore: This verse reflects the heart of a true servant of God who mourns over the sins and spiritual blindness of his people.
• 10:31
  Daniel Moore: John MacArthur here highlights that Isaiah is so overcome with grief that he refuses consolation, acknowledging the seriousness of the judgment ahead.
• 10:40
  Daniel Moore: His tears are not just for the physical devastation, but for the people's rebellion and the broken relationship with their God.
• 10:49
  Daniel Moore: To summarize these first four verses, they paint a powerful picture of God's grief and judgment over a complacent and spiritually bind blind people.
• 10:58
  Daniel Moore: Rather than turning to God, the people of Jerusalem rely on their own devices, celebrate inappropriately, and are led by men without faith.
• 11:07
  Daniel Moore: Isaiah's lament shows the depth of divine sorrow, not for mere disobedience, but for a people who have completely missed the source of their salvation.
• 11:19
  Daniel Moore: Continuing on to verse five.
• 11:31
  Daniel Moore: Isaiah proclaims that this day of judgment is not merely due to political events, but is ordained by the Lord God of hosts, Yahweh, the commander of heavenly armies.
• 11:42
  Daniel Moore: The repetition underscores divine sovereignty.
• 11:46
  Daniel Moore: The day of tumult and trampoline and confusion paints a scene of chaos and fear within Jerusalem, or the Valley of Vision.
• 11:55
  Daniel Moore: The language echoes descriptions of divine judgment in other prophetic books, such as Joel chapter two verses one and two, or Zephaniah chapter one, verse fifteen.
• 12:05
  Daniel Moore: According to the ESV study Bible, this refers to God's active involvement in allowing foreign armies to batter the walls of Jerusalem and cause mass confusion.
• 12:16
  Daniel Moore: The phrase shouting to the mountains adds to the terror of the scene.
• 12:21
  Daniel Moore: John MacArthur explains that shouts could reflect both cries for help and the war cries of the invaders echoing into the surrounding hills, emphasizing that destruction will be total and inescapable.
• 12:33
  Daniel Moore: Historically, this could refer to the Assyrian threat during Isaiah's time, or more significantly, the later Babylonian siege that led to complete devastation in 586 BC.
• 12:46
  Daniel Moore: Verse 6, and Elam bore the quiver with chariots and horsemen, and Ker uncovered the shield.
• 12:53
  Daniel Moore: Elam and Ker are regions east of Babylon.
• 12:57
  Daniel Moore: Elam was in modern day Iran, and Ker, perhaps in northeastern Mesopotamia.
• 13:02
  Daniel Moore: The inclusion of these foreign nations illustrates the scope of invading forces aligned against Judah.
• 13:09
  Daniel Moore: Elam was known for its archers and military strength, while Ker's warriors prepared for battle by uncovering the shield, a phrase meaning they were readying for direct combat.
• 13:21
  Daniel Moore: This verse emphasizes that Jerusalem's enemies are vast and diverse, confirming that Jerusalem's defeat is not merely political misfortune, but part of God's ordained judgment.
• 13:32
  Daniel Moore: Commentators like Alec Mother affirmed that the mention of foreign troops such as Elam and Kerr likely refers to the multinational makeup of Babylon's army, a clear reminder that no earthly alliances will save Jerusalem.
• 13:47
  Daniel Moore: Verse 7.
• 13:48
  Daniel Moore: Your choicest valleys were full of chariots, and the horsemen took their stand at the gates.
• 13:54
  Daniel Moore: This verse shows just how close the enemy has come, right to the gates of Jerusalem.
• 14:00
  Daniel Moore: The previously lush and peaceful choicest valleys like the valley of Henem or Kidron had become places of war, occupied by troops and chariots.
• 14:10
  Daniel Moore: The beauty and fertility of the land are defiled by the instruments of battle.
• 14:15
  Daniel Moore: According to the ESV study Bible, the imagery highlights the inability of Judah's leaders to prevent their enemies from advancing deep into the land.
• 14:23
  Daniel Moore: Matthew Henry points out that while Judah trusted in its terrain and defensive preparations, none of that could stop the judgment that God had decreed.
• 14:33
  Daniel Moore: This is especially powerful because chariots were symbols of military strength and dominance, so to have enemies' chariots within sight of Jerusalem's gates was a shattering blow to national pride and perceived security.
• 14:47
  Daniel Moore: Verse eight, he has taken away the covering of Judah.
• 14:50
  Daniel Moore: In that day you look to the weapons of the house of the forest.
• 14:56
  Daniel Moore: So here the phrase he has taken away the covering of Judah refers to God removing his divine protection, often seen in the Old Testament as both spiritual and literal defense.
• 15:06
  Daniel Moore: With God's hand of protection and favor withdrawn, the people of Judah are vulnerable to their enemies.
• 15:12
  Daniel Moore: The covering suggests perhaps a reference to a military shield or even God's covenant protection.
• 15:19
  Daniel Moore: This removal of protection ultimately leads Judah to trust in its own military preparations.
• 15:26
  Daniel Moore: House of forest here refers to the house of the forest of Lebanon, a part of Solomon's palace complex, which you can read about in 1 Kings 10 17 and Isaiah 39 2, which was used to store military weapons.
• 15:40
  Daniel Moore: In response to danger, instead of turning to God in repentance and prayer, Judah turned to its stockpiles of weapons.
• 15:47
  Daniel Moore: This reveals a spiritual condition of pride and misplaced trust.
• 15:52
  Daniel Moore: The ESV study Bible notes that their turning to weapons rather than to God was a fundamental failure, exposing their reliance on human strength rather than divine aid.
• 16:03
  Daniel Moore: Summarizing verses five through eight shows the depth of Jerusalem's crisis, chaos, invasion, and an absence of divine protection.
• 16:11
  Daniel Moore: These verses present both a stark warning about the consequences of spiritual blindness and a theological truth about the futility of trusting in human defenses apart from God.
• 16:23
  Daniel Moore: Moving on here to verse 9.
• 16:25
  Daniel Moore: And you saw the breaches of the city of David were many.
• 16:28
  Daniel Moore: You collected the waters of the lower pole.
• 16:32
  Daniel Moore: Well in this verse, Isaiah addresses the people of Jerusalem during a time of imminent siege.
• 16:37
  Daniel Moore: Most scholars believe this refers to the Assyrian threat under King Sennacherib in 701 BC.
• 16:44
  Daniel Moore: The city of David, the stronghold within Jerusalem, had visible signs of vulnerability, physical breaches in its defensive walls.
• 16:52
  Daniel Moore: Instead of turning to God, the leaders attempted to remedy the situation with human solutions.
• 16:58
  Daniel Moore: In this case, securing water in the event of a siege by collecting it in the lower pool, likely the pool of Siloam, reinforced through Hezekiah's tunnel, which you can read about in 2 Kings 20, verse 20 and 2 Chronicles 32, 30.
• 17:13
  Daniel Moore: The ESV study Bible notes that this activity, although practical, is being criticized because the people relied on their own engineering efforts rather than depending on the Lord.
• 17:24
  Daniel Moore: The Brever Child's commentary on Isaiah emphasizes that this is a poetic description contrasting material preparedness with spiritual negligence.
• 17:34
  Daniel Moore: Verse 10 And you counted the houses of Jerusalem, and you broke down the houses to fortify the wall.
• 17:42
  Daniel Moore: So here in their desperation to defend the city, the inhabitants dismantled homes to use the materials for in reforcing city walls.
• 17:50
  Daniel Moore: This action reveals the intensity of the concern for self-preservation.
• 17:55
  Daniel Moore: However, it also shows the misplacement of trust, trust placed in military and architectural strategy instead of divine intervention.
• 18:03
  Daniel Moore: The New American commentary by Gary V.
• 18:06
  Daniel Moore: Smith explains that this was part of emergency measures by King Hezekiah during the Assyrian threat.
• 18:12
  Daniel Moore: The archaeological evidence supports that buildings were demolished to strengthen city defenses at that time.
• 18:19
  Daniel Moore: Alec Mother in his commentary argues that such drastic measures underscore the level of panic, but Isaiah criticizes them because they exclude God from their considerations.
• 18:31
  Daniel Moore: So to move on to verse eleven, you made a reservoir between the two walls for the water of the old pool, but you did not look to him who did it, or see him who planned it long ago.
• 18:43
  Daniel Moore: Here Isaiah highlights one of the most glaring failures of the people, neglecting to acknowledge God.
• 18:49
  Daniel Moore: Though they engineered a reservoir, possibly referring again to Hezekiah's tunnel, redirecting the Gihon Spring, they failed to turn their hearts to God, the one who ultimately holds the city's fate.
• 19:01
  Daniel Moore: The phrase him who did it indicates the Lord, who not only allows but often plans circumstances to bring about repentance and recognition of his sovereignty.
• 19:11
  Daniel Moore: The Tyndale Old Testament commentary states that Isaiah points out the spiritual blindness of leaders who make commendable efforts, practically, but have no regard for God's providence.
• 19:22
  Daniel Moore: John Oswalt observes that Isaiah mourns how their theological outlook is absent, they fail to see history even crisis, as under God's sovereign design.
• 19:33
  Daniel Moore: And verse twelve, in that day the Lord God of hosts called for weeping and mourning, for baldness and wearing sacloth.
• 19:41
  Daniel Moore: So this verse shows what God's desired response was to the crisis, repentance and brokenness.
• 19:48
  Daniel Moore: The imagery of weeping, mourning, and baldness, a symbol of mourning often achieved by shaving the head, and sackcloth, which were rough garments worn in grief, reflects the proper posture of a people under divine discipline or facing calamity due to disobedience.
• 20:04
  Daniel Moore: Instead of responding with humility and seeking mercy, Jerusalem ignored God's call to repent.
• 20:11
  Daniel Moore: According to Alec Mother, Isaiah portrays the day of crisis not just as a geopolitical emergency, but as a spiritual opportunity wherein God calls his people to humble themselves.
• 20:22
  Daniel Moore: The phrase Lord God of hosts emphasizes God's supreme authority over all armies, earthly and heavenly, indicating that he is the one issuing the call.
• 20:33
  Daniel Moore: The Killendeleach commentary explains that Isaiah contrasts the behavior of the people with what God intended.
• 20:40
  Daniel Moore: Rather than treating the siege as a reason for spiritual introspection, the people reviewed it pragmatically and with misplaced optimism.
• 20:48
  Daniel Moore: It also notes how prophetic messages often interpret political events as instruments of divine pedagogy.
• 20:55
  Daniel Moore: So as we summarize those four verses 9 through 12, they present a scathing critique of Jerusalem's self-reliance during a national crisis.
• 21:04
  Daniel Moore: The people took logical steps to secure their survival, but they did so without acknowledging God whose hand was behind the events.
• 21:12
  Daniel Moore: Isaiah's prophecy serves as a theological reminder that visible threats should drive people not simply to material preparedness, but to spiritual repentance.
• 21:22
  Daniel Moore: These verses highlight the tension between human strategy and divine sovereignty, a central theme in Isaiah's prophecies.
• 21:33
  Daniel Moore: So now let's go ahead and finish reading the text, verses 13 through 25, in the ESV version of the Bible, as we continue to look through these verses here in chapter 22.
• 21:46
  Daniel Moore: Verse 13 And behold, joy and gladness, killing oxen and slaughtering sheep, eating flesh and drinking wine.
• 21:54
  Daniel Moore: Let us eat and drink, for tomorrow we die.
• 21:57
  Daniel Moore: The Lord of hosts has revealed himself in my ears.
• 22:00
  Daniel Moore: Surely this iniquity will not be atoned for until you die, says the Lord of hosts.
• 22:06
  Daniel Moore: Thus says the Lord God of hosts, come, go to the steward Toshevna, who is over the household, and say to him, What have you to do here?
• 22:15
  Daniel Moore: And whom have you here, that you have cut out here a tomb for yourself?
• 22:19
  Daniel Moore: You who have cut out a tomb on the height, and carve a dwelling for yourself in the rock.
• 22:24
  Daniel Moore: Behold, the Lord will hurl you away violently, O you strong men.
• 22:29
  Daniel Moore: He will seize firm hold on you, and whirl you around and around, and throw you like a ball into a wide land.
• 22:36
  Daniel Moore: There you shall die, and there shall be your glorious chariots, you shame of your master's house.
• 22:42
  Daniel Moore: I will thrust you from your office, and you'll be pulled down from your station.
• 22:47
  Daniel Moore: In that day I will call my servant Eliakim, the son of Hilkiah, and I will clothe him with your robe, and will bind your sash on him, and will commit your authority to his hand, and he shall be a father to the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and to the house of Judah, and I will place on his shoulder the key of the house of David, he shall open, and none shall shut, and he shall shut, and none shall open, and I will fasten him like a peg in a secure place, and he'll become a throne of honor to his father's house, and they will hang on him the whole honor of his father's house, the offspring and issue, every small vessel from the cups to all the flagons.
• 23:27
  Daniel Moore: In that day, declares the Lord of hosts, the peg that was fastened into a secure place will give way, and it'll be cut down and fall, and the load that was on it will be cut off, for the Lord has spoken.
• 23:39
  Daniel Moore: That finishes up chapter twenty two, verses thirteen through twenty five.
• 23:45
  Daniel Moore: So as we start walking through here verse by verse, in verse thirteen it says, And behold, joy and gladness, killing oxen and slaughtering sheep, eating flesh and drinking wine.
• 23:57
  Daniel Moore: Let us eat and drink, for tomorrow we die.
• 24:01
  Daniel Moore: So here, reflecting back to verse twelve, instead of responding to God's call for mourning and repentance, the people of Jerusalem chose pleasure and indulgence.
• 24:10
  Daniel Moore: The phrase, let us eat and drink for tomorrow we die, reflects a fatalistic attitude.
• 24:16
  Daniel Moore: They believed that since death seemed inevitable with the approaching enemy, they might as well enjoy life while they could.
• 24:22
  Daniel Moore: This attitude reflects a shocking spiritual indifference and resistance to God's call for repentance.
• 24:29
  Daniel Moore: Paul quotes this line in 1 Corinthians 15 32 to illustrate the absurdity of life without belief in the resurrection.
• 24:37
  Daniel Moore: The Tyndale Old Testament commentary observes that this is a classic expression of hedonism rooted in despair.
• 24:44
  Daniel Moore: John Oswald comments that their joy is perverse because it is out of place.
• 24:50
  Daniel Moore: It mocks the seriousness of their situation, and it reflects their rejection of God's sovereignty in favor of self-gratification.
• 24:59
  Daniel Moore: Historically, this probably took place during the Assyrian threat in 701 BC, when Sennacherib's army was threatening the city.
• 25:08
  Daniel Moore: The leaders and people of the city turned to revelry instead of repentance.
• 25:13
  Daniel Moore: Isaiah 22 verse 14, the Lord of hosts has revealed himself in my ears.
• 25:19
  Daniel Moore: Surely this iniquity will not be atoned for until you die, says the Lord God of hosts.
• 25:24
  Daniel Moore: So here, Isaiah solemnly announces God's judgment.
• 25:29
  Daniel Moore: Because of their intransigence and refusal to repent, God declares their sin unforgivable in their lifetime.
• 25:36
  Daniel Moore: The iniquity mentioned here is not just a moral lapse, it is an intentional rejection of divine appeal.
• 25:43
  Daniel Moore: Their celebration in the face of judgment is not just misguided but deeply offensive to God.
• 25:48
  Daniel Moore: Kill and Delich note that the form of the phrase rendered has revealed himself in my ears shows that this was a divine oracle delivered personally to the prophet, emphasizing the seriousness of the judgment.
• 26:01
  Daniel Moore: The pulpit commentary interprets this as a point of no return moment for Jerusalem.
• 26:06
  Daniel Moore: The city has violated its covenantal relationship so deeply that divine forgiveness is withheld in this particular instance.
• 26:14
  Daniel Moore: Alec Mother adds that the refusal to turn to God in a time of crisis essentially seals their own fate.
• 26:20
  Daniel Moore: Though God is merciful and desirous of repentance, their hardened hearts leave no room for atonement.
• 26:27
  Daniel Moore: As we move to verse fifteen in Isaiah twenty two, it's a pronouncement against Shebna.
• 26:33
  Daniel Moore: It says, Thus says the Lord God of hosts, come go to this steward to Shebna, who is over the household, and say to him, So this marks a shift in the passage, moving from a corporate indictment of Jerusalem to a personal rebuke of a specific individual, Shebna, a high ranking official.
• 26:51
  Daniel Moore: Over the household was a powerful position, akin to being a prime minister or head of the royal palace.
• 26:58
  Daniel Moore: Shebna's name suggests that he was possibly a foreigner, and he seemed to represent the worldly, self-exalting attitude Isaiah condemned.
• 27:07
  Daniel Moore: The New American Commentary explains that by isolating one figure, Isaiah provides a concrete example of the arrogance and self-reliance rampant among Jerusalem's leaders.
• 27:18
  Daniel Moore: The title steward indicates administrative responsibility, but God intervenes through Isaiah to challenge not only Shebna's actions, but his character and place of honor.
• 27:29
  Daniel Moore: Historically, Shebna may have supported diplomacy with Egypt against Assyria, contrary to Isaiah's message of relying solely on God.
• 27:38
  Daniel Moore: This makes him a symbol of Jerusalem's misplaced trust in foreign alliances.
• 27:43
  Daniel Moore: Verse 16 continues, What have you to do here, and whom have you here?
• 27:48
  Daniel Moore: That you have cut out here a tomb for yourself, you who cut out a tomb on the height, and carve a dwelling for yourself and the rock.
• 27:57
  Daniel Moore: So this verse condemns Shebna for building an elaborate tomb for himself, possibly in a prestigious location in Jerusalem.
• 28:06
  Daniel Moore: Rock hewn tombs on elevated sites were signs of honor, wealth, and permanence.
• 28:11
  Daniel Moore: Isaiah questions both his right to such a legacy and the pride behind it.
• 28:16
  Daniel Moore: Shebna's self-angrodizement during a time of national crisis mirrors the people's broader arrogance.
• 28:22
  Daniel Moore: Commentators like Alec Mother and John Oswald see this as damning evidence of Shebna's attempt to immortalize himself and secure a legacy apart from any trust in God.
• 28:33
  Daniel Moore: He prepared for death with great pride rather than preparing it for it spiritually.
• 28:39
  Daniel Moore: The public commentary adds that by questioning Shebna's identity and his right to such a tomb, Isaiah emphasizes his improper place and prideful actions.
• 28:49
  Daniel Moore: That Shebna, like a foreigner, would secure a burial among the honorable dead of Israel was considered inappropriate and presumptuous.
• 28:58
  Daniel Moore: So to summarize those four verses, they continue the theme of misplaced trust and arrogant self-reliance.
• 29:04
  Daniel Moore: While the city faces existential threat, its leaders indulge in reckless celebration and self-glorification.
• 29:10
  Daniel Moore: God responds with a declaration of judgment.
• 29:13
  Daniel Moore: This kind of iniquity, rejecting God's overtures of repentance, leads to judgment both on the communal and individual level.
• 29:22
  Daniel Moore: So moving on to verse 17, it says, Behold, the Lord will hurl you away violently, O you strong man, he will seize firm hold on you.
• 29:33
  Daniel Moore: This verse continues God's judgment against Shebna, the palace steward.
• 29:37
  Daniel Moore: The imagery is vivid and forceful.
• 29:40
  Daniel Moore: God is depicted as taking hold of Shebna and throwing him out.
• 29:44
  Daniel Moore: The term strongman is likely ironic, emphasizing Shebna's position of power and self-importance.
• 29:50
  Daniel Moore: However, despite his high office, God will personally remove him.
• 29:55
  Daniel Moore: The verb hurl or tulipica indicates a decisive and humiliating act of divine intervention.
• 30:03
  Daniel Moore: According to the pulpit commentary, the accusation implies not only personal arrogance, but also divine determination to bring that arrogance low.
• 30:12
  Daniel Moore: John Oswald points out that this is divine retribution for Shebna's self-exalting behavior, including his attempts to build a glorious legacy for himself, as we saw in verse 16.
• 30:23
  Daniel Moore: Historically, this movement reflects God's disapproval of Judah's foreign alliances and reliance on unfaithful administrators.
• 30:30
  Daniel Moore: Shebna seems to have been part of a factual aligned with Egypt against Assyria, contrary to Isaiah's call to trust in God alone.
• 30:40
  Daniel Moore: Moving on to verse 18.
• 30:42
  Daniel Moore: And whirl you around and around, and throw you like a ball into a wide land.
• 30:47
  Daniel Moore: There you shall die, and there you shall be glorious chariots, you shame of your master's house.
• 30:54
  Daniel Moore: This verse continues the metaphor of divine judgment.
• 30:57
  Daniel Moore: Shebna will be spun and hurled into a foreign land, likely a prophecy of exile, possibly to Assyria or Egypt.
• 31:05
  Daniel Moore: The imagery of being whirled around gives a sense of humiliation and loss of control.
• 31:10
  Daniel Moore: Unlike someone who dies honored in his homeland, Shebna will die far from Jerusalem.
• 31:17
  Daniel Moore: The expression your glorious chariots likely refers to Shebna's symbols of prestige and status.
• 31:22
  Daniel Moore: They too will be discarded or rendered useless in this distant place.
• 31:26
  Daniel Moore: Alec Mocher and John Oswalt agree that the reference to chariots points to his pride and perhaps a misuse of royal resources.
• 31:34
  Daniel Moore: The phrase you shame of your master's house is a stinging rebuke, though he held a position of great trust.
• 31:41
  Daniel Moore: Shebna's behavior brought dishonor rather than dignity.
• 31:45
  Daniel Moore: The Tyndale Old Testament commentary notes that Shebna is the embodiment of the broader national failure, placing trust in wealth, military might, and political maneuvering instead of in the Lord.
• 31:58
  Daniel Moore: Moving on to verse 19, I will thrust you from your office, and you'll be pulled down from your station.
• 32:04
  Daniel Moore: So this verse sums up God's judgment.
• 32:07
  Daniel Moore: Shebna will be forcibly removed both from his public office and his influence.
• 32:12
  Daniel Moore: These are two distinct actions forced ejection and complete humiliation.
• 32:18
  Daniel Moore: The language is blunt and disruptive, affirming that no amount of his personal schemes will withstand God's determination.
• 32:25
  Daniel Moore: John Calvin notes in his commentary that Shebna is emblematic of those who hold positions for their own self-interest and prestige rather than for God's purposes.
• 32:35
  Daniel Moore: His removal is not just a political shuffle, it is the divine response to corruption and pride.
• 32:41
  Daniel Moore: Historically, 2 Kings 18:18 and 2 Kings 19 2 mention Shebna as downgraded to secretary while Eliakim assumes his former higher role.
• 32:52
  Daniel Moore: This supports Isaiah's prophecy and demonstrates its fulfillment.
• 32:57
  Daniel Moore: In verse 20, in that day I will call my servant Eliakim, the son of Hilkiah.
• 33:04
  Daniel Moore: So this verse here introduces Eliakim as Shebna's replacement.
• 33:08
  Daniel Moore: The phrase my servant is significant.
• 33:11
  Daniel Moore: It indicates approval from God.
• 33:13
  Daniel Moore: Unlike Shebna, Eliakim is chosen not for self-promotion, but for faithful servanthood.
• 33:19
  Daniel Moore: Calling him the son of Hilkiah identifies him clearly and gives honor to his lineage.
• 33:25
  Daniel Moore: The ESV Study Bible and Killin the Leach both point out that calling someone my servant in prophetic literature, especially Isaiah, is a term usually reserved for faithful followers, and later for the Messiah himself that we'll see in Isaiah 42, verse 1.
• 33:41
  Daniel Moore: This shows the contrast between Shebna, an ambitious nationalist, and Eliakim, a humble, trustworthy man.
• 33:49
  Daniel Moore: Eliakim embodies righteous leadership during a time of turmoil.
• 33:53
  Daniel Moore: His installation marks not just a political change, but a restoration of faithful governance aligned with God's purposes.
• 34:01
  Daniel Moore: His future actions, detailed in subsequent verses, reflect divine stewardship and paternal care over the house of David.
• 34:10
  Daniel Moore: As we summarize those four verses, Isaiah 22, 17 through 20, they provide a vivid contrast between two men.
• 34:18
  Daniel Moore: Shebna, who symbolizes arrogance, self-glorification, and political manipulation, and Eliakum, who is marked by humility and divine approval.
• 34:27
  Daniel Moore: God makes clear that leadership among his people must be accountable, servant-hearted, and rooted in faithfulness to his purposes.
• 34:34
  Daniel Moore: These verses reflect Isaiah's wider themes of judgment and restoration, political corruption versus divine providence, and human pride set against God's sovereign will.
• 34:46
  Daniel Moore: So as we jump here into the last four verses of this chapter, starting with verse 21, I will clothe him with your robe, and will bind your sash on him, and will commit your authority to his hand, and he shall be a father to the inhabitants of Jerusalem and to the house of Judah.
• 35:03
  Daniel Moore: This verse continues the prophecy of Eliakim replacing Shebna.
• 35:07
  Daniel Moore: God declares that Eliakim will inherit the official garments and position previously held by Shebna.
• 35:14
  Daniel Moore: The robe and sash are symbols of office and authority in the role administration, indicating a full transition of power.
• 35:21
  Daniel Moore: The expression commit your authority to his hand implies that Eliakim will have full control, not a token or shared role.
• 35:30
  Daniel Moore: He will not be a figurehead, but will exercise real influence in the government.
• 35:35
  Daniel Moore: Importantly, Isaiah says he'll be a father to the inhabitants of Jerusalem.
• 35:39
  Daniel Moore: This imagery points to leadership characterized by care, protection, and moral responsibility.
• 35:46
  Daniel Moore: Unlike Shebna, who sought personal glory, Eliakim is called the selfless service.
• 35:51
  Daniel Moore: John Oswald notes that the idea of leadership here is redefined.
• 35:56
  Daniel Moore: True authority nurtures and protects, not dominates or exploits.
• 36:01
  Daniel Moore: Historically, Eliakim is mentioned in 2 Kings 18 18 and 2 Kings 19 2 as the royal steward during Hezekiah's reign, indicating that he did indeed assume the post.
• 36:14
  Daniel Moore: Verse 22, and I will place on his shoulder the key of the house of David.
• 36:19
  Daniel Moore: He shall open and none shall shut.
• 36:22
  Daniel Moore: He shall shut and none shall open.
• 36:26
  Daniel Moore: This verse uses royal imperial language.
• 36:29
  Daniel Moore: The key of the house of David represents the power and authority of the Davidic kingdom.
• 36:34
  Daniel Moore: In the ancient Near East, keys were symbols of control, particularly over palace access and royal decrees.
• 36:42
  Daniel Moore: Placing the key on his shoulder implies a heavy responsibility and visible power.
• 36:47
  Daniel Moore: The phrase he shall open and none shall shut, and he shall shut and none shall open, signifies absolute authority under divine appointment.
• 36:57
  Daniel Moore: This verse is directly alluded to in Revelation 3 7, referring to Christ, indicating messianic overtones and emphasizing that Eliakim serves as a type of Christ.
• 37:08
  Daniel Moore: The Tyndale Old Testament commentary points out that this verse's significance for understanding God given authority and its enduring theological relevance.
• 37:17
  Daniel Moore: Eliakim acting in submission to God's will acts with power and echoes divine authority.
• 37:24
  Daniel Moore: Verse 23 and I will fasten him like a peg in a secure place, and he'll become a throne of honor to his father's house.
• 37:33
  Daniel Moore: So this metaphor shifts to emphasize stability and reliability.
• 37:37
  Daniel Moore: A peg in a secure place refers to a wooden peg driven firmly into a wall, used in homes to hang important vessels.
• 37:46
  Daniel Moore: This image conveys Eliakim's dependability, a man set in place by God as a fixture of stability in the kingdom.
• 37:54
  Daniel Moore: The phrase a throne of honor to his father's house suggests that through Eliakim's rise, his entire family will experience increased honor and status.
• 38:03
  Daniel Moore: In contrast to Shebna, who sought personal legacy, Eliakim's elevation brings dignity to his household.
• 38:11
  Daniel Moore: Killin Delitch comment that this verse emphasizes the ideal of divinely appointed civil servants who serve not for self-interest, but as instruments of God's will and for the communal good.
• 38:23
  Daniel Moore: Verse 24, and they will hang on him the whole honor of his father's house, the offspring and issue, every small vessel, and the cups to all the flagons.
• 38:34
  Daniel Moore: So this verse here continues to build on the peg imagery.
• 38:37
  Daniel Moore: Eliakum will bear the responsibility and honor of his entire lineage, every family member and their needs, symbolized by various vessels.
• 38:46
  Daniel Moore: This includes everything from small details, the cups, to the larger matters, the flagons.
• 38:53
  Daniel Moore: The vessels metaphorically represent people and responsibilities.
• 38:57
  Daniel Moore: The offspring in issue suggest the extended family will rely on him.
• 39:02
  Daniel Moore: However, the piling of all these onto the peg may imply an excessive burden.
• 39:07
  Daniel Moore: According to John Oswald and Alec Mocher, while the verse begins by underscoring honor, there is an undertone suggesting that he may become overburdened.
• 39:16
  Daniel Moore: There is a growing list of dependence and symbolic weight.
• 39:21
  Daniel Moore: As we finish up this chapter, verse 25, in that day declares the Lord of hosts, the peg that was fastened in a secure place will give way, and it will be cut down and fall, and the load that was on it will be cut off, for the Lord has spoken.
• 39:36
  Daniel Moore: So, this closing verse introduces a surprising reversal.
• 39:40
  Daniel Moore: The secure peg, likely referring to Eliakum or any future individual standing in his place, is prophesied to eventually give way.
• 39:49
  Daniel Moore: This suggests that even the most dependable human leader is still fallible and temporary.
• 39:54
  Daniel Moore: The burden and load, the demands of his office, the expectations of his family, and the weight of honor become too great.
• 40:01
  Daniel Moore: In the prophetic context, this warns against placing ultimate trust in human authority, no matter how godly.
• 40:08
  Daniel Moore: Gary V.
• 40:09
  Daniel Moore: Smith in the New American Commentary suggests that this may reflect a future degeneracy in Eliakum's line or a general warning against turning godly leaders into idols.
• 40:20
  Daniel Moore: John Oswald argues that this verse tempers the praise in earlier verses, reminding the reader that ultimate security and authority rest not in human leaders, but in God alone.
• 40:32
  Daniel Moore: So summarizing those last four verses in chapter 22, they contrast faithful leadership with divine limitations.
• 40:39
  Daniel Moore: Eliakum is installed by God as a faithful and honorable steward, the opposite of Shebna.
• 40:45
  Daniel Moore: However, even a godly leader will one day reach his limits.
• 40:49
  Daniel Moore: Past achievements do not guarantee perpetual legacy unless rooted in continuous faithfulness to God.
• 40:55
  Daniel Moore: These verses highlight the need for responsible servant-hearted leadership, the caution against extensive reliance on any human institution or man.
• 41:05
  Daniel Moore: Trust ultimately belongs to the Lord of hosts alone.net, and there you can learn all about our ministry.
• 41:49
  Daniel Moore: The things that we offer our marriage ministry is there as well.
• 41:52
  Daniel Moore: And of course, visit our resources page.
• 41:55
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• 42:05
  Daniel Moore: And they might also like the marriage episodes as well.
• 42:09
  Daniel Moore: So please do that.
• 42:10
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• 42:14
  Daniel Moore: So anywhere that you get your favorite podcast, continue to listen and please subscribe if you have not done so as we continue these studies and move on to other things in the future.
• 42:24
  Daniel Moore: And we can do all that together.
• 42:25
  Daniel Moore: Well, as we get uh ready here to finish up this week's, we're going to go ahead and do our wrap-up for chapter 22, and then we're going to pull some things out of it on how we can apply this to our lives today.
• 42:36
  Daniel Moore: So as we look at Isaiah 22, it's a prophetic message directed toward the people of Jerusalem, often referred to as the Valley of Vision.
• 42:43
  Daniel Moore: This chapter contains both a warning and a condemnation of the city's leadership and people for their misplaced confidence and neglect of God in times of crisis.
• 42:53
  Daniel Moore: The chapter begins with a vision of chaos and destruction in Jerusalem.
• 42:58
  Daniel Moore: Instead of mourning or turning to God, the people are celebrating, displaying denial and a lack of spiritual awareness.
• 43:05
  Daniel Moore: God rebukes them for placing their trust in military preparations rather than seeking him.
• 43:11
  Daniel Moore: They built fortifications and secured water supplies, but they failed to recognize God as the ultimate source of protection.
• 43:18
  Daniel Moore: Then a key figure Shebna, who appears to be a high ranking official, is rebuked for arrogance and self-promotion.
• 43:25
  Daniel Moore: God pronounces judgment on him and announces that he'll be replaced by Eliakim, a servant with more noble qualities who will serve responsibly.
• 43:34
  Daniel Moore: However, even Eliakim's household eventually will not hold under the pressure, indicating that no human leadership can fully bear the nation's burdens apart from God.
• 43:45
  Daniel Moore: So as we look at some application here, how can we apply it to our lives today?
• 43:50
  Daniel Moore: Well, Isaiah 22 provides timely lessons for individuals and communities in our world today.
• 43:56
  Daniel Moore: First, it reminds us not to put our ultimate trust in human systems, achievements, or preparations.
• 44:02
  Daniel Moore: It's easy to rely on wealth, technology, or military power, but when these things become substitutes for trusting in God, they lead to downfall.
• 44:12
  Daniel Moore: Secondly, the chapter challenges us to take God seriously in time of crisis.
• 44:17
  Daniel Moore: Rather than ignoring spiritual responsibilities or indulging in distractions, believers are called to respond with humility, prayer, and repentance.
• 44:25
  Daniel Moore: And lastly, the contrast between Shebna and Eliakim teaches the importance of humility and servant leadership.
• 44:33
  Daniel Moore: Leadership should be marked not by personal gain, but by integrity and responsibility, always pointing back to dependence on God.
• 44:42
  Daniel Moore: So in short, this chapter in Isaiah chapter 22, it calls us to examine where we place our trust and urges us to live with spiritual awareness, humility, and a deep commitment to God's purposes.
• 44:56
  Daniel Moore: Well, that's gonna do it for this week's episode.
• 44:58
  Daniel Moore: Next week, when we come back, we will go ahead and jump into chapter 23, and we're gonna be talking about an oracle concerning Tyre and Sidon in next week's episode.
• 45:09
  Daniel Moore: So be sure to come back, subscribe to this podcast so you don't miss that episode.
• 45:13
  Daniel Moore: That way you can successfully journey all through the whole book of Isaiah with me, all the way to the very end, as we finish up and continue here this verse by verse study in Isaiah.
• 45:25
  Daniel Moore: Well, that's all for this week, and we believe that God's Word never fails us.
• 45:28
  Daniel Moore: God's word has stood the test of time, and through Jesus' death on the cross, he has connected the gap.
• 45:34
  Daniel Moore: This episode is recorded in the upper room at our Connecting the Gap Studios.
• 45:38
  Daniel Moore: This is an extension of Connecting the Gap Ministries.
• 45:40
  Daniel Moore: We pray that you have a blessed week.