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Voddie Baucham - Canonicity - Doctrine Of Scripture · Voddie Baucham Sermons

• 0:01
  Speaker 1: What they're arguing often is, well, there are these books
• 0:05
  Speaker 1: over here that were excluded. Now, when they do that,
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  Speaker 1: what are they admitting? Anybody? If they can say, these
• 0:21
  Speaker 1: books over here are in, but these books over here
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  Speaker 1: are not in, what are they saying about these books
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  Speaker 1: over here that are not in? It's not a trick question. Huh?
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  Speaker 1: They're saying that they exist, right? And they're saying that
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  Speaker 1: we have access to them, right? They're saying we can
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  Speaker 1: go evaluate them if we want to, right? Because if
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  Speaker 1: they found them, we can find them, right? So, again,
• 0:52
  Speaker 1: back to the point. The point is that we believe
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  Speaker 1: that God providentially gets to his church that which his
• 1:04
  Speaker 1: church needs. The idea that somehow there were a group
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  Speaker 1: of people who said, these are in and those are out,
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  Speaker 1: and that there are books that God intended to be
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  Speaker 1: in that somehow have been hidden from the church, well,
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  Speaker 1: that's false on its face because we can go and
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  Speaker 1: look at those other writings. I can show them to
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  Speaker 1: you on my iPad, right? I mean, if you've got
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  Speaker 1: a decent set of, you know, Bible software, you can
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  Speaker 1: access those things. They're not hidden. They're not, you know,
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  Speaker 1: in a secret vault somewhere. There are movies about this
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  Speaker 1: kind of stuff too, right? Like Constantine says, these they
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  Speaker 1: can see. These can be part of the Bible. These
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  Speaker 1: cannot be. And so what does he do, right? And
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  Speaker 1: so he has these special knights whose job it is
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  Speaker 1: to hide these from the church for the rest of history.
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  Speaker 1: But now, all of a sudden, there are these people
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  Speaker 1: who have found out the secret that these books are
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  Speaker 1: out there. And so these people now go and find
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  Speaker 1: this secret place where this group of knights has been
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  Speaker 1: replicating itself for centuries to hide this. Sounds like a
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  Speaker 1: movie plot, right? And there are movie plots like that.
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  Speaker 1: But here's the problem with that. We know the stuff.
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  Speaker 1: It's not hidden. It's just not scripture. It's not the same. Okay? Second,
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  Speaker 1: remember the first one is providential exposure. God gets it
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  Speaker 1: to his people. The second one is it has the
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  Speaker 1: attributes of canonicity. The attributes of canonicity. And there are
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  Speaker 1: three main attributes of canonicity. Let me give them to you. First,
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  Speaker 1: that the book has divine qualities. Canonical books bear the
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  Speaker 1: marks of divinity. They have divine qualities. Okay? Secondly, they
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  Speaker 1: have corporate reception. In other words, these books are recognized
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  Speaker 1: and have been recognized as Right? Remember what I said earlier?
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  Speaker 1: We reject the idea that there is a group or
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  Speaker 1: a body that has the authority over the scriptures to say, yes, this, no, that. Right?
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  Speaker 1: But we don't reject the idea that history is important.
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  Speaker 1: We don't reject the idea that history is important. And
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  Speaker 1: so it means something that the 66 canonical books... that
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  Speaker 1: we hold near and dear, have been recognized throughout the
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  Speaker 1: history of the church. Okay? That means something. Now, if
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  Speaker 1: we had a canon, and we decided, you know, no,
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  Speaker 1: there's only these 45 books, right? And, you know, now
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  Speaker 1: we've taken... 21 books that have been recognized throughout history
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  Speaker 1: and we've said no to those. Now, that's problematic. Okay?
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  Speaker 1: That's problematic. We better have a significant reason to do that. So,
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  Speaker 1: divine qualities. And by the way, this is one of
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  Speaker 1: the main arguments against the Apocrypha. is this lack of
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  Speaker 1: divine qualities. Historical material, sure, but lack of divine qualities.
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  Speaker 1: And corporate reception beyond a specific group. Thirdly, apostolic origins.
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  Speaker 1: Canonical books are the result of the redemptive historic activity
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  Speaker 1: of the apostles. So when it comes to the Old Testament,
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  Speaker 1: we ask ourselves, what Jesus and the apostles received as
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  Speaker 1: the Old Testament. Amen? So when Jesus talks about, you know,
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  Speaker 1: Moses and the prophets, and when Jesus is referencing Old
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  Speaker 1: Testament books, right? When people are coming there saying, well,
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  Speaker 1: you say Moses wrote the first five books of the Bible,
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  Speaker 1: but the first five books of the Bible don't say
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  Speaker 1: written by Moses. So how do you, Jesus attributed them
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  Speaker 1: to Moses. That's enough. Amen? Amen? That's enough. So Christ
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  Speaker 1: is at the center of this self-authenticating idea. So Christ
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  Speaker 1: grants authority to the apostles. Christ communicates his teaching to
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  Speaker 1: his apostles. Christ lives his life before his apostles. And
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  Speaker 1: his apostles, having witnessed these things and having been granted authority,
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  Speaker 1: are also attested to by miracle signs and wonders. Remember
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  Speaker 1: that from Hebrews 2? Right? We don't see miracle signs
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  Speaker 1: and wonders throughout history. We don't even see them, you know,
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  Speaker 1: in every epoch and period of the Bible. There are
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  Speaker 1: times in the Bible where there are major miracle signs
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  Speaker 1: and wonders. And they are times around God's revelation. And
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  Speaker 1: so when we see the prophets... There are miracle signs
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  Speaker 1: and wonders that authenticate the prophets. Now all of a
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  Speaker 1: sudden the New Testament comes along. We have miracle signs
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  Speaker 1: and wonders authenticating that. We have Christ. Miracle signs and wonders.
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  Speaker 1: We have the apostles. Miracle signs and wonders. Why? So
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  Speaker 1: that we can know what is revealed scripture. Because it's
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  Speaker 1: connected to people who are connected to Christ and attested
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  Speaker 1: to through miracle signs and wonders. That's why we don't
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  Speaker 1: need them today. That's why we don't see them today
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  Speaker 1: like we saw them in the apostolic age. People are
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  Speaker 1: claiming it all the time, right? But we don't see
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  Speaker 1: today what we saw in the apostolic age, okay? And
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  Speaker 1: people are so desperate, you know? They're so desperate now
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  Speaker 1: that we just water down the definition of a miracle.
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  Speaker 1: So now... you know, a baby is born, and oh,
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  Speaker 1: that's a miracle. No, actually it's not. It happens all day,
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  Speaker 1: every day, and I can explain exactly how. Amen? You
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  Speaker 1: want to talk about miraculous birth? Jesus, that's a miraculous birth. Right? Me, you,
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  Speaker 1: not at all. Okay? It's not supernatural. It was natural. Okay?
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  Speaker 1: So we were searching for every little things, right? Every
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  Speaker 1: little thing. Um, So, divine qualities, corporate reception, and apostolic origins.
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  Speaker 1: Those are the three things that we look for. And
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  Speaker 1: when you look at books that are not part of
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  Speaker 1: the canon, when you look at the Acts of Paul
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  Speaker 1: and Thecla, or when you look at the Gospel of Thomas,
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  Speaker 1: usually you have issues in all three of these areas.
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  Speaker 2: Okay?
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  Speaker 1: You have a lack of divine qualities, you have a
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  Speaker 1: lack of corporate reception, and you have a lack of
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  Speaker 1: apostolic origins, especially because of the time period in which
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  Speaker 1: many of them were written. Listen to this again from Kruger.
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  Speaker 1: In regard to the establishment of the new covenant, the
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  Speaker 1: message of redemption in Jesus Christ was entrusted to the
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  Speaker 1: apostles of Christ. to whom he gave his full authority
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  Speaker 1: and power. Luke 10, 16 says, the one who hears
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  Speaker 1: you hears me, and the one who rejects you rejects me.
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  Speaker 1: He says that about the apostles. The apostles are the
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  Speaker 1: link between the redemptive events themselves and the subsequent announcement
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  Speaker 1: of those events. Okay? They're the link. So this apostolic
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  Speaker 1: connection is essential. there are questions that are raised by that.
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  Speaker 1: Wait a minute. Well, what about what about books that
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  Speaker 1: were not written by apostles there are still apostolic connections
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  Speaker 1: so Luke for example Luke was not an apostle but
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  Speaker 1: who's Luke's apostolic connection Paul Luke is Paul's amanuensis his
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  Speaker 1: travel companion right um And Luke, as a historian, is
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  Speaker 1: recording apostolic truths that he has gotten through his investigation
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  Speaker 1: and time with the apostles themselves. And also, it has
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  Speaker 1: been received. So it has divine qualities, just like the
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  Speaker 1: other Gospels do. It has been received and has apostolic connection. Now,
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  Speaker 1: if Luke's just a guy out there who lived... a
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  Speaker 1: thousand years after everything happened, that changes everything. At that point,
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  Speaker 1: he's just like any of the other scholars that we
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  Speaker 1: might read today, right? Who've done good scholarly work, but
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  Speaker 1: their work is not authoritative. All right? Go to 2
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  Speaker 1: Peter chapter 1. So this third principle. First, providential exposure.
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  Speaker 1: God gets the scripture to his people. Right? Secondly, the
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  Speaker 1: attributes of canonicity. We looked at those attributes. Okay? Those
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  Speaker 1: attributes being they have a divine character, they're received historically,
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  Speaker 1: and They have an apostolic connection. And then thirdly, we're
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  Speaker 1: talking about the internal witness of the Spirit. Internal witness
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  Speaker 1: of the Spirit. 2 Peter chapter 1, beginning of verse 16.
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  Speaker 1: Sort of brings these things together. For we did not
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  Speaker 1: follow cleverly devised myths when we made known to you
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  Speaker 1: the power and coming of our Lord Jesus Christ. But
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  Speaker 1: we were eyewitnesses of his majesty. For when he received
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  Speaker 1: honor and glory from God the Father, and the voice
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  Speaker 1: was born to him by the majestic glory, this is
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  Speaker 1: my beloved son with whom I am well pleased. We
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  Speaker 1: ourselves heard this very voice born from heaven, for we
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  Speaker 1: were with him on the holy mountain. There's apostolic authority. Now,
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  Speaker 1: and we have the prophetic word more fully confirmed. What's
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  Speaker 1: the prophetic word? That's the Old Testament. Okay? That's the
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  Speaker 1: Old Testament, which was completely intact in the time of Christ.
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  Speaker 1: To which you do well to pay attention as to
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  Speaker 1: a lamp shining in a dark place until the day
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  Speaker 1: dawns and the morning star rises in your hearts, knowing
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  Speaker 1: this first of all, that no prophecy of Scripture comes
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  Speaker 1: from someone's own interpretations. For no prophecy was ever produced
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  Speaker 1: by the will of man. But men spoke from God
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  Speaker 1: as they were carried along by the Holy Spirit. So
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  Speaker 1: we see all of those elements there, right? We see
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  Speaker 1: Peter appealing to the divine character, appealing to the historic reception,
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  Speaker 1: and then appealing to apostolic authority. Kruger writes, in order
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  Speaker 1: for believers to rightly recognize these attributes of canonicity, the
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  Speaker 1: Holy Spirit works to overcome the noetic effects of sin
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  Speaker 1: and produces belief that these books are from God. There
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  Speaker 1: is a spiritual work that happens in us that causes,
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  Speaker 1: allows us to believe that these books are from God.
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  Speaker 1: God you know I referred in a message a couple
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  Speaker 1: of sermons ago I referred to a professor of mine
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  Speaker 1: who was you know unbelievable New Testament scholar leading authority
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  Speaker 1: on particularly the gospel of Mark but not a believer
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  Speaker 1: not a believer what is that Is he lacking a
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  Speaker 1: piece of information? No, he has more pieces of information
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  Speaker 1: than almost anybody, right? He's not lacking pieces of information.
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  Speaker 1: He's lacking this work of the Spirit in his heart,
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  Speaker 1: which takes us back to what Peter said. We have
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  Speaker 1: the prophetic word more fully confirmed, to which you do
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  Speaker 1: well to pay attention as to a lamp shining in
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  Speaker 1: a dark place, until the day dawns and the morning
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  Speaker 1: star rises in your hearts. Did you catch the word
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  Speaker 1: picture here? Peter's saying, you may not get it. You
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  Speaker 1: may not fully understand it. But you do want to
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  Speaker 1: pay attention to it. Like a lamp shining in a
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  Speaker 1: dark place. In other words, you're in pitch dark and
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  Speaker 1: you see something shining over there. You don't know exactly
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  Speaker 1: what it is, right? You don't know exactly what it is,
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  Speaker 1: but because it's dark, you see that something is lit.
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  Speaker 1: Something is shining over there. He says, you do well
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  Speaker 1: to pay attention to this. Like a lamp shining in
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  Speaker 1: a dark place until the day dawns and the morning
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  Speaker 1: star rises in your heart. You do well to pay
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  Speaker 1: attention now. Back to our confession. Paragraph five. of chapter
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  Speaker 1: one we may be moved and induced by the testimony
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  Speaker 1: of the church of god to a high and reverent
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  Speaker 1: esteem of the holy scriptures again i said it before
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  Speaker 1: i'll say it again because we reject the idea of
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  Speaker 1: the church having an authority higher than the scriptures doesn't
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  Speaker 1: mean that we reject all the benefits of history okay
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  Speaker 1: that's why we can disagree That's why the Reformation was
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  Speaker 1: able to happen. Thank you, but you're wrong here.
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  Speaker 2: Amen?
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  Speaker 1: And the heavenliness of the matter, the efficacy of the doctrine,
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  Speaker 1: and the majesty of the style, the consent of all
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  Speaker 1: the parts, the scope of the whole, which is to
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  Speaker 1: give all glory to God, the full discovery it makes
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  Speaker 1: of the only way of man's salvation, And many other
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  Speaker 1: incomparable excellencies and entire perfections thereof are arguments whereby it
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  Speaker 1: doth abundantly evidence itself to be the word of God.
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  Speaker 1: Those are the things. Those are the things. Not some
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  Speaker 1: group of people who said, this is okay and this
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  Speaker 1: is not. When we come to the scriptures, if that's
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  Speaker 1: all we have, we won't meet God there. If the
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  Speaker 1: only reason that you believe, like we're in the Gospel
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  Speaker 1: of John right now, if the only reason that you
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  Speaker 1: believe that the Gospel of John is holy writ is
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  Speaker 1: because you believe that somewhere a long time ago there
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  Speaker 1: was a meeting of people and John was one of
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  Speaker 1: the books that they gave the thumbs up. If that's
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  Speaker 1: the only reason that you believe the Gospel of John,
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  Speaker 1: you're not going to meet God there. You're not. But
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  Speaker 1: if we believe that there's a divine character there to
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  Speaker 1: that writing, and there is. If we believe that this
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  Speaker 1: divine character has been recognized and received historically, and it has.
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  Speaker 1: And if we believe that this writing is connected to
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  Speaker 1: God the Son through the link of apostolic authority, and
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  Speaker 1: it is. then we receive it not just as good
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  Speaker 1: or entertaining or useful writing, but as the very words
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  Speaker 1: of God himself. All of it. Yet notwithstanding, the confession concludes,
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  Speaker 1: our full persuasion and assurance of the infallible truth and
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  Speaker 1: divine authority thereof is from the inward work of the
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  Speaker 1: Holy Spirit bearing witness by and with the word in
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  Speaker 1: our hearts. At the end of the day, that's the
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  Speaker 1: ultimate answer. Final word from Kruger, and this is important.
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  Speaker 1: It is important to remember that the goal of this
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  Speaker 1: model is not to prove the authenticity of the canon
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  Speaker 1: to the skeptic. That is so important. That is so important.
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  Speaker 1: We're not trying to find a model of understanding the
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  Speaker 1: canon that will convince the skeptic. Because the skeptic has
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  Speaker 1: a heart problem, not an information problem. Rather, as discussed
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  Speaker 1: above at numerous points, our goal here is to ask
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  Speaker 1: whether the Christian has sufficient grounds for knowing which books
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  Speaker 1: God has given. Or put differently, is the Christian's belief
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  Speaker 1: about the canon justified or warranted? That's the question, saints.
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  Speaker 1: That's the question. And inherent in the inquiries that I
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  Speaker 1: receive from Christians who are saying, you know, what do
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  Speaker 1: I say to this person who asked me? Inherent is that,
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  Speaker 1: is the fact that you don't believe the canon. You
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  Speaker 1: don't have an answer for what you could. All right.
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  Speaker 1: Time for a couple of questions. One, two, three, go. Yes, ma'am.
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  Speaker 2: Are we acknowledging the fact that there were some people
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  Speaker 2: who sat down and decided that this book in this book.
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  Speaker 1: No, no, there weren't people who sat down and decided
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  Speaker 1: this is in and this is out. There have been
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  Speaker 1: times just like with our confession that people have acknowledged
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  Speaker 1: what the church has received, has acknowledged what's been used
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  Speaker 1: and recognized by God's people as scripture, but not a
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  Speaker 1: body who says, We need to determine what the Bible
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  Speaker 1: is going to be. No, not that.
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  Speaker 2: So then who determines that this was apostolic? Because I
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  Speaker 2: have heard of people sitting and deciding, like you said,
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  Speaker 2: Luke had an apostolic backing him up, so did Mark.
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  Speaker 2: So who sits and, so how did the Bible, did
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  Speaker 2: it just, you know, compile itself?
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  Speaker 1: No, no, no. The Bible absolutely did not compile itself,
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  Speaker 1: but the Bible was compiled. by Christians very early on.
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  Speaker 1: The books that we have are books that were received
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  Speaker 1: by Christians early on. Books that were acknowledged by Christians
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  Speaker 1: early on. Books that were acknowledged because of Christians commitment
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  Speaker 1: since the early church to apostolic authority. So that's how.
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  Speaker 1: Nobody came later on and said something to the church
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  Speaker 1: that the church didn't know. But later on just like
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  Speaker 1: we have our confession and just like you know groups
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  Speaker 1: of men have sat to put together their confessions our
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  Speaker 1: group that put together our confession didn't go and say
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  Speaker 1: okay give me all of the potential books and then
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  Speaker 1: let's say yes no thumbs up thumbs down no it
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  Speaker 1: was an acknowledgement of that which has been received it's
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  Speaker 1: been the same throughout the history of the church it's
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  Speaker 1: been an acknowledgement of what has been received yeah And
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  Speaker 1: one of the reasons that was important earlier on is because,
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  Speaker 1: for example, you know, there were no complete copies of
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  Speaker 1: the New Testament. We had complete copies of the Old
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  Speaker 1: Testament and Jesus and, you know, they had the scrolls
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  Speaker 1: that he read from. We had the copies of the
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  Speaker 1: Old Testament. But we can't have complete copies of the
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  Speaker 1: New Testament during the times of the apostles because the
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  Speaker 1: apostles are writing the New Testament, right? And so now
• 23:50
  Speaker 1: there's this letter that's in Asia Minor, and there's another
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  Speaker 1: letter that's in Corinth, a couple of letters that are
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  Speaker 1: in Corinth, and there are others in other places. Not
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  Speaker 1: everybody has been exposed to all of the things that
• 24:03
  Speaker 1: are being received throughout the church world, right? But these
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  Speaker 1: things are being received for the same reasons. So when
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  Speaker 1: we start talking about the canon, what we're talking about
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  Speaker 1: is the bringing together, especially in terms of the New Testament,
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  Speaker 1: of these books that the church has received during a
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  Speaker 1: time when not every place was able to receive everything
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  Speaker 1: because it wasn't together.
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  Speaker 2: I've heard of 2 Peter not almost qualifying because we
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  Speaker 2: weren't so sure.
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  Speaker 1: No, no. No, there's no such thing. There's no such thing.
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  Speaker 1: There's nothing that didn't almost qualify, right? Because, again, that
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  Speaker 1: position assumes the authority of some group to say this
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  Speaker 1: is in, this is out. Second Peter was being received
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  Speaker 1: by the church, used by the church. It's there. There
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  Speaker 1: are people who didn't like things about Hebrews, right? You know,
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  Speaker 1: received by the church, used by the church. Yeah, no,
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  Speaker 1: we don't have our Bible because of a group that
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  Speaker 1: gave thumbs up or thumbs down. We have our Bible
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  Speaker 1: because of the character of the books themselves, which have
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  Speaker 1: been recognized, right, in numerous times and numerous ways by
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  Speaker 1: the church. And because of the internal witness of the spirit.
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  Speaker 2: So there are people who recognize that this has got
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  Speaker 2: divine apostolic.
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  Speaker 1: Yeah.
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  Speaker 2: There are people who did it.
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  Speaker 1: Yeah. Throughout the world. Throughout the church. Okay. Yeah. All right. Okay. Yeah.
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  Speaker 1: Not people with authority who recognize it on behalf of others,
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  Speaker 1: but Christians themselves. Yeah. Yeah. Yes, ma'am.
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  Speaker 2: I have a question on the definition of canon.
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  Speaker 1: Because from your explanation, or maybe it's different from one
• 26:15
  Speaker 1: of the general explanations of what canon is. Yeah. So
• 26:19
  Speaker 1: if you could give a clear... It's a collection.
• 26:21
  Speaker 2: So it's not a collection of church council.
• 26:25
  Speaker 1: It's just... No, canon just means collection. Okay. There's a
• 26:28
  Speaker 1: canon of Beethoven's works. Yes. Right? Which is a collection. Yeah,
• 26:32
  Speaker 1: canon just means collection. So... It's not about church councils? No. Okay. No.
• 26:40
  Speaker 2: Uh-uh.
• 26:43
  Speaker 1: All right. It's going to have to be our last one.
• 26:47
  Speaker 1: We've got two minutes to start the service. Do you
• 26:50
  Speaker 1: have other questions that you want to bring? Go ahead.
• 26:53
  Speaker 1: We'll let this be the last one. Okay. So can
• 26:57
  Speaker 1: we safely say that some books of the Apocrypha are
• 27:02
  Speaker 1: historically correct? Yes. Yes. Yes. All of them? To some
• 27:09
  Speaker 1: degree or other. Not all to the same degree. Yeah.
• 27:13
  Speaker 1: There's historical information in the books of the Apocrypha.
• 27:16
  Speaker 2: So they're just not relevant for.
• 27:18
  Speaker 1: They just don't meet the criteria for Scripture. Yeah. Josephus, Philo,
• 27:26
  Speaker 1: they have information that's historically correct, but they don't meet
• 27:29
  Speaker 1: the criteria of Scripture. Alright. Let's greet one another and
• 27:38
  Speaker 1: then get seated so we can start the service in
• 27:41
  Speaker 1: 45 seconds. All right.