Latest / The Twin History Podcast / William Wallace: The Real Braveheart Part One

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William Wallace: The Real Braveheart Part One · The Twin History Podcast

• 0:01
  The Twin History Podcast brings together 2 Black Scotsman, 2
• 0:06
  twins, 1 historian and one storyteller to explore the
• 0:10
  moments that shaped our world. The show features Joe McCann,
• 0:15
  the eldest twin and resident storyteller, the one always
• 0:20
  asking why any of this shit actually matters, alongside
• 0:25
  Johnny McCann, 13 minutes younger, and the historian.
• 0:29
  Equipped with the dates, the facts and the receipts, Every
• 0:33
  week they invite listeners to pull up a chair as they unpack
• 0:38
  some of history's greatest tales, The ones you think you
• 0:43
  know, the ones you've never heard, and the ones that hit
• 0:48
  different when told by them. Enjoy.
• 1:26
  This is a twin history podcast. You're with Joel McCann and
• 1:29
  Johnny McCann. Johnny, how you doing?
• 1:31
  I'm good, thanks. I find this is the first time
• 1:34
  we've recorded together this year.
• 1:36
  So as as I say on the prosecutors like by the time you
• 1:40
  hear this, it will be like Halloween or Christmas, but like
• 1:43
  guys do recording this months before so.
• 1:47
  It won't be that long, but it won't be that long, obviously.
• 1:49
  But Johnny, I've been trying to reach you.
• 1:51
  You're tougher to get than the president.
• 1:54
  I thought you were going to say I was like from Brokeback
• 1:57
  Mountain, like at first you used to come away easy.
• 1:59
  Now it's like trying to get home.
• 2:01
  The home ground at least you could do is return by a phone
• 2:05
  call. Well, I definitely wasn't saying
• 2:08
  that, Yeah. I thought when one of my
• 2:12
  colleagues told me he was leaving, my wife and yourself
• 2:18
  were were like sending broke back mountain memes when I said
• 2:21
  I was upset about leaving. Well, yeah, of course we were
• 2:27
  OK. But you know, I think you got
• 2:28
  the wrong impression about me. I'm thinking, all fairness, I
• 2:32
  could explain to you exactly what it is that I do.
• 2:35
  For instance, tomorrow morning I'll get up nice and early, take
• 2:38
  a walk down to your house, walk in and see you.
• 2:41
  And if you don't have an episode for me, I'll crack your fucking
• 2:44
  head wide open in front of everyone in the house.
• 2:47
  There is no casino and I'm not the fat banter with the
• 2:50
  moustache. You get me my episode that I'll
• 2:53
  put you to see him. I'm joking.
• 2:55
  But yeah, tracking down Johnny the last few months has been
• 3:00
  something of a nightmare. You imagined the guys who were
• 3:04
  trying to hunt Osama bin Laden. They they had an easier job than
• 3:08
  the iPad of getting Johnny to the table to record a new some
• 3:13
  new. Episodes, well, I think the like
• 3:15
  operation itself when they actually went in and killed him
• 3:18
  and in Pakistan was I think Navy SEAL described it as like mowing
• 3:23
  the grass at night. So there's a wee bit of like
• 3:28
  problems there because it is pitch black, but you're just
• 3:30
  mowing the grass. So, and it's like simple enough.
• 3:33
  We can't do bin Laden yet, right?
• 3:34
  It's too early. We have to be about 25 years.
• 3:37
  Well, it has been for 25 years, 2001.
• 3:40
  Well, since he was killed. Oh, since he was killed.
• 3:42
  They went on at this very same night and haunted him down in
• 3:45
  Pakistan. No, he was killed.
• 3:47
  When was he killed? He was killed just before the
• 3:49
  2012 US election presidential election.
• 3:53
  Yeah, that's, that's correct. Some people said about help
• 3:56
  disappear Obama's second term, whether or dead or not.
• 4:00
  Everyone remembers those photos from the operation room when
• 4:03
  Obama and Hillary Clinton cheating.
• 4:06
  Yeah, little did they know four years later Donald Trump would
• 4:10
  be running their country. But no, it's, it's actually, it
• 4:13
  came up recently in school because I, I do a lesson on the
• 4:17
  suffragettes and I had a thing for the kids to do.
• 4:21
  Whether the sucker jets were terrorists or not.
• 4:24
  And we just had a debate about it, but it kind of came up
• 4:28
  because we're. Debating of Osama bin Laden was
• 4:31
  a terrorist. Not because he went to Sweden
• 4:34
  when he was a young boy and he looked normal.
• 4:36
  No, of course not. We're not debating whether he
• 4:38
  was a terrorist or not. But I just have a picture on the
• 4:41
  board of Bobby Sands and Nelson Mandela.
• 4:46
  And I asked the kids like, what's the connection between
• 4:49
  these two men? And obviously like, they don't
• 4:52
  even know who Bobby Sands is. But I tell them IRA terrorists
• 4:57
  like starved to death. After we died, the British would
• 5:00
  go back the body. So both men were denounced as
• 5:04
  terrorists by the British state. Anyway, let's move on.
• 5:07
  Well, well, we can't. I can't let you get away.
• 5:10
  I thought you. You're saying Bobby Sands was a
• 5:12
  terrorist spot, Wasn't he? Fighting his foot to free his
• 5:17
  country. Yes, of course.
• 5:19
  And that and he was an MP and he starved himself to death.
• 5:21
  If Emmy one has watched that movie Hunger, that's one of the
• 5:25
  most depressing films I've ever seen.
• 5:29
  Yeah. With Fassbender, Yeah, just it's
• 5:31
  a very gruelling and tough watch, but it's a great movie.
• 5:37
  But yeah, it is a great movie. But then you say I was like the
• 5:39
  Fassbender character in Shame, which is also by Steve McQueen.
• 5:45
  Yeah, you wish you were the Fassbender character.
• 5:47
  In shame. Oh, when I was single.
• 5:49
  But I mean, I wasn't that bad. But yeah, I mean.
• 5:51
  I think you were you're you're still like the Fassbender.
• 5:53
  Character in shame just a little older, but yeah, just about no,
• 5:57
  we're about yeah. He he's early for he's maybe in,
• 6:01
  in shame, yeah. I would say he's about that, but
• 6:04
  great video. Yeah, well, it's OK.
• 6:07
  I I prefer Hunger and 12 Years a Slave.
• 6:11
  No, I don't like 12 years asleep.
• 6:13
  Why not? I just I just don't like it.
• 6:16
  I thought that is it the the guy who plays Solomon.
• 6:20
  I just I just didn't get anything from heaven at all like
• 6:25
  the far, but I did like a movie review at the time for a wee
• 6:30
  publication I was working for. It wasn't yours.
• 6:33
  It wasn't, but it passed false. Thankfully not.
• 6:35
  We would never have. Published that, I said
• 6:37
  disgracefully, the Fassbender character suggests a better
• 6:40
  movie. So that just means like the
• 6:43
  other week, the other day, actually last week or earlier
• 6:47
  this week, I watched and this is getting to what we're going to
• 6:51
  actually be doing today. I watch Braveheart and the Angus
• 6:54
  McFadden character, Robert the Bruce suggests a better movie
• 6:58
  than William Wallace or Nell Gibson as William Wallace.
• 7:02
  All right, So maybe they should have made it about Robert and
• 7:05
  Bruce. Oh, there's been a movie.
• 7:07
  There was a movie about Robert the Bruce wasn't there.
• 7:09
  Yeah. Because McFadden was in.
• 7:11
  Yeah. Yeah.
• 7:12
  I mean, it's not meant to be good.
• 7:13
  And also the one with Outlaw King with.
• 7:18
  Yeah, that's OK, That's OK, That's OK.
• 7:21
  It's watchable at least. Also that have the international
• 7:24
  appeal of something like very far.
• 7:26
  So I mean, well, one thing about 12 Years a Slave, I'll say,
• 7:29
  which is definitely an episode we'll do.
• 7:31
  The book is great. I have it and it's in here
• 7:34
  somewhere in the library in my vast library that Johnny
• 7:38
  pillages every time he comes into my house.
• 7:43
  The sad thing about Solomon Norfolk, but like we're getting
• 7:46
  way off topic. But the sad thing about him is
• 7:49
  there's, well, there's a theory that he was captured back into
• 7:53
  slavery because there's no records of them after a certain
• 7:57
  period of time. It might just be no records
• 8:00
  appeared, but that would be a very sad thing, wouldn't it?
• 8:03
  We'll. Get into that.
• 8:03
  But I, I mean, I recently recorded a solo episode on like
• 8:10
  the transatlantic slave trade and I, I mentioned North Fort
• 8:12
  because you have to be very careful with autobiographies
• 8:16
  like that. You have to be very wary as a
• 8:18
  historian of autobiographies like that.
• 8:21
  So why? Because very few slaves left a
• 8:26
  written record. And I see that in the mini
• 8:28
  episode. So Norfolk was, he's very well
• 8:32
  educated. He's obviously lacquered it and
• 8:35
  he escapes after 12 years or he's 3 after 12 years.
• 8:40
  And well, you have to remember he became part of the
• 8:43
  abolitionist cause. And so some people think that he
• 8:46
  didn't write the autobiography. Someone wrote it for him.
• 8:49
  Yeah, but that's a that's a common smear for slaves.
• 8:53
  People said that of Frederick Douglass too, which is obviously
• 8:56
  nonsense. He wrote all the words he wrote
• 8:59
  were his words. But.
• 9:01
  But you're speaking about how dangerous it is and to make
• 9:05
  those type of films. And I guess that concealers into
• 9:08
  the topic we're here to discuss. Yeah.
• 9:11
  So we're almost 8 minutes down here and we've not even
• 9:14
  mentioned that. But we're.
• 9:16
  We're here to talk about William Wallace.
• 9:18
  We thought it was time to do an episode on Scotland.
• 9:21
  We're both from Scotland so. We are both from Scotland.
• 9:25
  Shall we discuss William Wallace?
• 9:28
  Well, we're going to do Wallace, but we'll do this will probably
• 9:31
  be two parts. So we'll maybe we need to do
• 9:35
  some context. Is it important to discuss it?
• 9:38
  Why Mel Gibson is not the hero we want, but he's a hero we
• 9:43
  need. Well, we'll get into the movie
• 9:46
  at some point, but. In these.
• 9:48
  Dark, desperate times. A man like Mel Gibson is a man
• 9:52
  we should all look to for guidance.
• 9:55
  No, but but the film is. I mean, my wife and I both love
• 10:01
  the film. Like historical and actresses
• 10:03
  were not as so you just need to take that as a rouser like
• 10:07
  action, romantic, epic. And it is.
• 10:10
  It's a fantastic film. I mean, it's a great film.
• 10:13
  Then there's our best picture like that year.
• 10:16
  What did they beat out? Well, leaving Las Vegas was one.
• 10:20
  And what was the big film that year?
• 10:23
  They didn't even get any nominations.
• 10:25
  The Rock. No, he he he didn't get any
• 10:29
  Oscar nominations. But De Niro and Pacino didn't
• 10:32
  get nominated. No, and no technical boards or
• 10:35
  nominations either. But she's just insane, like
• 10:38
  cinematography, science, best director, best director,
• 10:41
  editing. But anyway, we've gone way off
• 10:45
  topic. But yeah, he was the best film
• 10:48
  of that year. By then I'd get my.
• 10:50
  Yeah, he's a great film. But yeah, we're here guys, to
• 10:53
  talk about William Wallace. And I think this is our first
• 10:57
  episode on Scottish history. Is that correct?
• 11:00
  On primarily on Scottish history, we may have not went
• 11:03
  back and like with a fine tooth comb and went through all our
• 11:09
  episodes to see if we mention. Anything about Scotland.
• 11:11
  But as well I have when we don't.
• 11:15
  So I went back for Owens. Yeah.
• 11:19
  There's no mention of Scotland. So.
• 11:22
  All right, Johnny, Are you ready then?
• 11:24
  I've got some questions and we're going to discuss the
• 11:29
  succession. Crisis yeah, so why, why don't I
• 11:31
  lay out the. Well, that's what I was going to
• 11:34
  ask. You.
• 11:35
  Well, that's your question. Well, what's the succession
• 11:37
  crisis that if you let me finish then I would have asked you the
• 11:40
  question instead of just come and see rolling in, let you
• 11:44
  steamrolled into my house without an invitation.
• 11:47
  But go on. OK, All I'll say is I'm not a
• 11:50
  mediaeval. Historian so but you're a
• 11:53
  mediaeval warfare expert, right? No, of course not.
• 11:58
  But why are you here then? So we went over my credentials
• 12:03
  on one of the World War, First World War episodes, the history
• 12:08
  that I'm like, I've studied, I've done at uni, I've written
• 12:15
  about, yeah, but I'm not a mediaeval historian, so please
• 12:18
  keep that in mind. So just to let the listeners
• 12:21
  know for today, for the Wallace episodes, I've primarily used as
• 12:28
  a source Michael Brown's fantastic the Awards of
• 12:32
  Independence, which was actually published by Emory University
• 12:35
  Crest. So Emory University, like I was
• 12:43
  offered a place to do my masters there and has true masters in
• 12:47
  American history. So American history.
• 12:50
  But I kind of when I did my application and I stressed that
• 12:55
  Edinburgh Uni has to take more students from my kind of
• 12:59
  background because they're notorious for their
• 13:02
  snobbishness. Well, that's never fucking
• 13:04
  happening, is it? Well, probably not, not now.
• 13:07
  We're after COVID with all the like financial constraints
• 13:13
  around institutions like Enbrand St.
• 13:15
  Andrews, but it's important that they do that.
• 13:19
  There was a something that came out last year, the year before,
• 13:22
  where students who were at Edinburgh from working class
• 13:25
  backgrounds said they felt alienated, like dismissed by
• 13:29
  professors. Have to say, my wonderful
• 13:32
  professor from Edinburgh uni, can I name him?
• 13:36
  Well, is he here? Well, he's what do you mean?
• 13:39
  Is he here or is he waiting in the toilet to come out and do an
• 13:42
  interview? Doctor David Kaufman, who
• 13:46
  actually he did my he did my reference for Enver Uni and he
• 13:51
  also that's like he was kind of the programme.
• 13:54
  So he did my reference and he accepted the reference.
• 13:56
  But he, he was a fantastic professor.
• 14:00
  But a lot of working class people who go to Mr Uni have
• 14:03
  said they've been dismissed by, by the professors and not really
• 14:08
  taken seriously. Like their lineage has been
• 14:11
  ridiculed when they're speaking in class.
• 14:13
  And about one thing I find very like, fucking insane as a lot of
• 14:19
  the like students who are from like affluent families, a lot of
• 14:25
  English students were like appalled that there's so many
• 14:29
  Scottish students that end beginning the Scottish
• 14:32
  university. I was appalled to.
• 14:34
  You were appalled to. The problem with Scotland is
• 14:38
  it's full of Scots. Yeah.
• 14:40
  And let's move on to. So yeah, what was the succession
• 14:43
  crisis? Give us a year.
• 14:46
  Set the scene. Let our listeners.
• 14:48
  Who wouldn't know what it is? What it is that makes sense.
• 14:52
  So in 1286, the funeral of Alexander the 3rd that's held in
• 14:58
  the Ferlin, which at that time is the capital of Scotland.
• 15:01
  Wasn't that when the guy got dad off?
• 15:03
  Through his eye. No, Alexander the Third.
• 15:06
  He fell off his horse. But who was the guy who got dad
• 15:09
  off through his eye? I just told you I'm not a medi.
• 15:12
  He will historian. Oh my God, like that's it's a
• 15:15
  question. It's 1066.
• 15:16
  It was a joke. You're going to come back and
• 15:18
  say what an idiot. How would you mix up this dude
• 15:20
  with this dude? It's a fit.
• 15:22
  Was it 1066 when a guy got the arrow through his eye?
• 15:25
  I don't know what that was. Oh my God.
• 15:28
  Any let's go on. So Alexander the Third, he fell
• 15:32
  off his horse. To this day, we don't know why
• 15:36
  or how he fell. I mean, was he drunk?
• 15:38
  He was, yeah, some people drunk and merry.
• 15:41
  Some people, like, speculate he was drunk and he fell off
• 15:45
  divorce and he actually fell off a Cliff face.
• 15:49
  So there was no way he was surviving.
• 15:51
  But it was. How the hell did they fall off a
• 15:53
  Cliff face? It was dark.
• 15:55
  They were riding and there was a lot of rain.
• 15:58
  Was it Storm's End? It was stormy.
• 16:00
  Were they at Storm's End? They weren't in Storm's End, No.
• 16:04
  Well, it's a fictional place, but go on, Cliff.
• 16:06
  OK, so when he died, there was no male heir left to ascend to
• 16:12
  the Scottish throne. Can we go more?
• 16:14
  Into his death, though I'm curious about the details.
• 16:17
  Yeah, well, he was riding back. It was at night time or It was
• 16:22
  at night. He's riding back from the pub.
• 16:27
  From the pub? No, Or from the end, as they
• 16:29
  would have called them back then, not from then.
• 16:32
  What you mean then where was he coming?
• 16:34
  Where was he coming back from? And what was he doing at night?
• 16:38
  Riding a horse or. So he died.
• 16:40
  Alexander the Third died on the 19th of March.
• 16:44
  So he beat Henry Castle and he was coming back from there to go
• 16:47
  to five. So he was asked not to make the
• 16:51
  journey because the weather conditions were appalling and he
• 16:55
  maybe should have been on his own, he should have been in the
• 16:57
  carriage but he was riding his own horse and he he died on the
• 17:04
  way. So can you remember another king
• 17:06
  who died? We spoke about in a previous
• 17:08
  episode King. Robert.
• 17:10
  Barafian, it better not be. A Game of Thrones energy it is,
• 17:14
  but it's a similar. Death because he was drunk too,
• 17:16
  but he was kind of poisoned and he was slowed down.
• 17:20
  But anyway, so he falls off his horse lunges off.
• 17:23
  Did he fall off the Cliff then and punched his death?
• 17:26
  There are some sources to say he fell off and punched it.
• 17:29
  Whatever happened, he probably cracked his head as soon as he
• 17:32
  fell off it. But.
• 17:34
  But why? Why was there such a disaster
• 17:36
  for Scotland, this King's death Because there was no.
• 17:39
  There was no male heir to replace him.
• 17:42
  So this kicks off the secession prices.
• 17:45
  So he he dies on the 19th of March 1286.
• 17:48
  They have his funeral on the 29th of March 1286.
• 17:52
  As I said, as I'm confirming the capital at the time.
• 17:55
  So during this around about the time when the funeral, there's
• 17:59
  various meetings that took place to try to evaluate and come up
• 18:04
  with a solution to the situation.
• 18:07
  So the talk strata of Scottish society attended these meetings.
• 18:11
  That is docracy, that is socracy actually that is docracy attends
• 18:15
  the these meetings and they're trying to come up with a
• 18:17
  solution to this male heir dying without leaving to this king
• 18:23
  dying without leaving an heir to the throne.
• 18:26
  Well. One thing that I I wanted to ask
• 18:29
  was he had three children who all died young but obviously
• 18:35
  child. The the.
• 18:37
  Death. The death rate for children at
• 18:39
  that. Time would have been
• 18:40
  astronomical. Yeah, it was.
• 18:42
  It was awful. I mean, even as we go into the
• 18:45
  the 17th century, there were child deaths were stabbed in the
• 18:52
  amount of people who were kept children of a guy young, like
• 18:55
  most of them didn't reach the age of five.
• 18:58
  And the thing I was kind of interesting was.
• 19:01
  The ones who? Actually immigrated to the US
• 19:04
  and like Australia's there were less incidents of children dying
• 19:09
  at an early age so they had a better quality of life.
• 19:12
  I don't know if it's the climate or yeah, probably not sure.
• 19:16
  Of them I mean. If you think about how cold it
• 19:18
  gets in Scotland during the winter, if you're or in Britain
• 19:22
  and you're trying to have a child and get birth and the
• 19:24
  child needs to remain warm and stuff like that and after it's
• 19:27
  born you need to breastfeed it and stuff.
• 19:30
  Well, one thing that always disgusted me, which I I didn't
• 19:34
  know about it until I did my first degree, was Yeah.
• 19:38
  What was that Was wet nursing. OK.
• 19:41
  Nursing. What is that?
• 19:43
  You don't know what wet nursing. You.
• 19:44
  You had a child. I'm asking you did.
• 19:46
  So wet nursing would be where rich families, the mother
• 19:51
  wouldn't breastfeed the child. She would have a nurse to come
• 19:55
  in and do it. OK.
• 19:56
  It's like a surrogate. Yeah, like a surrogate.
• 19:58
  So obviously if that nurse. Has like an illness or a
• 20:04
  disease, and the child does breastfeed them.
• 20:07
  Anyway. Let's get back to SO.
• 20:09
  Let's go back to the SO, yeah, Alexander falls off his horse.
• 20:12
  He dies young. But before his his death, there
• 20:16
  was a succession plan in place, right?
• 20:20
  The plan was for the regarding the Maid of Norway.
• 20:24
  No, no, that that's completely wrong.
• 20:26
  That's completely. Well, I'm asking you, bro,
• 20:28
  You're the historian. I'm going to get to that.
• 20:31
  Jesus Christ. Yeah, but I can't ask the
• 20:33
  question. I have to dancing here.
• 20:35
  You can ask the question, but let let's.
• 20:38
  I mean, I know with the first World of War One, I didn't want
• 20:41
  to do a timeline, but this one, I want to do a timeline.
• 20:44
  Let's do a timeline then. Bro, go.
• 20:46
  We are. So you're you're jumping ahead.
• 20:47
  I'll just sit here like a mute. No, no, last question.
• 20:53
  So at this. Time the the Scottish turned to
• 20:56
  Edward the First. This would have been summer
• 20:58
  1286. So they asked them to mediate in
• 21:01
  the crisis and the evidence shows at that time that the
• 21:05
  Scottish contingent just wanted them to act as a protector of
• 21:10
  Scotland until they found a successor to Alexander the 4th.
• 21:16
  But I'm guessing this plan went awry.
• 21:18
  This plan went awry because Edward the First saw a fantastic
• 21:22
  opportunity to become like Overlord, as it would have been
• 21:26
  called, of Scotland at the time. Was he long?
• 21:29
  Shanks. Yeah, that's Long Shanks.
• 21:32
  Edward the First. Well, you can't say the name
• 21:34
  Edward the First to not mention these long sharks.
• 21:37
  No one would know who the hell the guy yet.
• 21:38
  Sort of why he was called Long Shanks, because he put people he
• 21:42
  put. People in Shanks?
• 21:45
  No, because he was so tall. Oh good.
• 21:48
  So at that time, I mean, there's some.
• 21:51
  Evidence and I I don't believe this for a second that Wallace
• 21:54
  was 6 foot 7 wasn't he 7 foot tall?
• 21:57
  7 foot tall yeah, that's what I I was still.
• 22:01
  So according to the historical records, he was he towered over
• 22:04
  everyone at the Battle of Folkert and.
• 22:08
  You're just making this up. I am making it up.
• 22:12
  But no, some reference show he was 6-7.
• 22:15
  I don't trust these records. I didn't get into it, Wallace.
• 22:20
  There are very few like contemporary records about
• 22:23
  Wallace, so, but we'll get to that later.
• 22:26
  So yeah, go back to the long. Shank Yeah, back to the long.
• 22:30
  Shank. So long, Shank.
• 22:31
  See, this sees us as an opportunity.
• 22:33
  So the Scots are keen not to be bogged down in the quagmire of
• 22:38
  the previous decades when corrupt officials of the
• 22:41
  aristocracy, shall we say, had used their position.
• 22:45
  And can't you just call them the nobles?
• 22:47
  Well, it's slightly different, OK, Slightly different.
• 22:50
  So that is Doctor saying I'm calling on the nobles.
• 22:53
  Well, we'll get to. That had you.
• 22:55
  I'm calling on the nobles. Too, so they.
• 22:57
  Used their position and government to appropriate funds
• 23:00
  and lands so that this would have been this would have been
• 23:03
  in the 1250s. So we we have an early contender
• 23:08
  for the Scottish ruin and that was Robert.
• 23:11
  Bruce, is that Deb Bruce? No, no.
• 23:14
  His grandfather is his grandfather, so Robert Bruce,
• 23:18
  not Robert D Bruce. Is it like?
• 23:20
  In the social network when Justin Timberlake says to.
• 23:24
  He says to Mark Zuckerberg. Drop the the.
• 23:28
  Just Facebook is killer. Is that why Robert the Bruce
• 23:32
  became Robert the Bruce and his grandfather was Robert Bruce?
• 23:36
  No, I think it was just to signify the difference between
• 23:39
  them, but that that's a grandfather, grandfather.
• 23:41
  So obviously Robert the Bruce becomes King of Scotland and
• 23:45
  he's one of our most celebrated national heroes.
• 23:49
  So just to continue with the timeline 1296, the Scottish are
• 23:54
  informed that there is an heir to the front and you mentioned
• 23:57
  earlier the Maid of Norway. The Maid of Norway.
• 24:00
  Can you tell us who the NOR? Made of Norway was so.
• 24:04
  Margaret of which is related to Helen of Troy.
• 24:07
  No. What the hell, just ask him.
• 24:11
  So she is free at this time in 1296.
• 24:15
  So her father the king of Norway.
• 24:18
  We'll get into this, but there's an agreement made between Edward
• 24:22
  the 1st and the King of Norway for.
• 24:26
  Wait, I'm confused. I thought it is very confusing.
• 24:29
  I'm confused myself. I thought they made the Norway.
• 24:31
  Was going to marry. The the heir to the Scottish
• 24:35
  throne. No, she's the heir to the
• 24:37
  Scottish throne. She's the only living like the
• 24:40
  large heir to the throne. All right, you're going to have
• 24:42
  to explain because I have. No clue what's going on at this
• 24:45
  point in time. So the Maid of Norway is going
• 24:48
  to succeed Alexander. The first, the guy who fell off
• 24:52
  his horse. So yeah, we'll get we'll get to
• 24:55
  OK, OK, go on. Got it.
• 24:56
  What happened so? So when the.
• 24:59
  Scottish nobility learn, learn of this.
• 25:04
  Robert Bruce sends an opportunity, senses an
• 25:06
  opportunity. Not they.
• 25:07
  Bruce, daughter 1 the grandfather.
• 25:10
  Hey, where is this Christ? So he says he's an opportunity
• 25:14
  to make his claim for the throne, as he believed that many
• 25:18
  of the Scottish subjects would not see Margaret, even though
• 25:22
  she has black high stones under the fur, as a legitimate
• 25:25
  monarch. She's from another country.
• 25:28
  She's three years old, for fuck's sake.
• 25:30
  Oh, she's only free at this time.
• 25:32
  She's only free at this time. Is that what could go wrong?
• 25:34
  With her in charge, yeah. What could go wrong?
• 25:39
  You see what they when. Joffrey was a boy Prince of
• 25:43
  Westeros. What happened to the subjects
• 25:45
  from well? You.
• 25:47
  Probably can guess Game of Thrones.
• 25:49
  Yeah. Jesus.
• 25:50
  The boy kings Joffrey. When his father died in a
• 25:55
  hunting accident, Joffrey took over and he started beheading
• 25:58
  people. He beheaded Ned Stark, the Hand
• 26:01
  of the King. OK.
• 26:02
  And that? Led to get back to the OK OK go
• 26:05
  go so the Bruce's well Speaking of Game of Thrones a lot well I.
• 26:13
  Saw my Vice and Fire. A lot of it is inspired by
• 26:15
  Scottish history, so that's so it's relevant is the writer.
• 26:18
  Game of Thrones not Scottish or is he New Zealand from No, no
• 26:21
  leave. Scott is American.
• 26:23
  He's American. Yeah.
• 26:24
  OK. So last time the Bruces are
• 26:28
  active in the southwest of the country, so they lay siege to
• 26:32
  the vedancies or the palacies of the other contenders to the
• 26:36
  throne. Ballio, John Ballio and the
• 26:40
  Commons. I think that's how you pronounce
• 26:42
  that. Are those spells spelled
• 26:44
  differently? So these guys were.
• 26:47
  Essentially wiping out any other contenders.
• 26:50
  They were. I don't.
• 26:52
  There's no like reports of them killing anyone, they're just
• 26:56
  destroying like property or appropriating property that
• 27:00
  belongs to the other Scotch contenders like crop burning
• 27:03
  there. No crop burning.
• 27:04
  They're just taking like policies and castles that own
• 27:08
  that are own violent for any bloodshed.
• 27:10
  How's that possible? Well, I.
• 27:12
  Mean again, they just walked. Up to the castle and said let me
• 27:15
  answer, I you need to come outside for a second.
• 27:18
  And they said, yeah, of course. Just have the key.
• 27:22
  Nothing's been like there's nothing substantiated.
• 27:25
  There are some reports that there may have been bloodshed,
• 27:29
  but as the weeks went on, it didn't matter anyway.
• 27:33
  So resolved it in a humiliating loss of face for Robert De Bruce
• 27:37
  and his supporters. Robert De Bruce.
• 27:39
  Not Robert De Bruce. Robert Bruce.
• 27:41
  Yeah. Sorry.
• 27:42
  Yeah, you're confusing everyone and his supporters.
• 27:45
  As the rest of the nobility refused to back his claim.
• 27:48
  Why did they not back him? They.
• 27:50
  They. Just maybe they felt his tactics
• 27:53
  were like unbecoming of someone who wants to to be kind.
• 27:58
  But is this like when Wes Steven.
• 28:00
  Tried to dispose of. Pure Starmer.
• 28:04
  Who? Oh, oh, where?
• 28:05
  Where's the? Yeah, the health secretary.
• 28:07
  Health. Yeah, well, he's an absolute.
• 28:10
  His plan was to to get rid. Of Starmer and.
• 28:15
  No one's supporting of Yeah, he got.
• 28:16
  He don't get the. Support he thought he would get.
• 28:18
  So did he. Did the appropriate stammers
• 28:21
  like one of the stammers castles in the southwest of England?
• 28:24
  Yes, he did. So I mean, you're still in
• 28:27
  there. Now, obviously I was in the
• 28:29
  Labour Party or part of the Labour Party until they like
• 28:34
  removed Jeremy Corbyn from the party.
• 28:36
  And I've been, I'm still vote for, I know, like political
• 28:41
  commentators, my own Jones, Mehdi Hassan and the ones on
• 28:46
  Nova Media say that the Labour Party is finished, it'll never
• 28:50
  be a leftist party again. But I'm hopeful if Stammer is
• 28:53
  removed then maybe it could become a leftist party again.
• 28:57
  Angela Rayner will. Ride into town?
• 29:00
  Well, you'd like to. Thank so although she supported
• 29:03
  all the horrendous policies of the Stammer government.
• 29:07
  So I, I, I don't know if I mentioned that, but anyway, back
• 29:10
  to the Bruce. Please so back to SO.
• 29:12
  He's made like a humility, it's the humiliating like retreat
• 29:17
  because our loss of faith because the nobility will not
• 29:21
  support his claim. So they have to bubble publicly
• 29:24
  back Margaret of Norway's right to rule.
• 29:27
  Do we know why they didn't support have to return all their
• 29:30
  property they they to? I think that's.
• 29:34
  Fair enough, but why? Not do we know why they didn't
• 29:36
  support, Yeah, his claim that, as I said, they maybe just felt
• 29:39
  that his methods during that time were not worthy of a king.
• 29:44
  And there's so much confusion in the country over the lack of
• 29:51
  like, heir to the throne. And obviously a successor has
• 29:55
  been named. So they just felt, OK, the
• 29:58
  successor's been named. It might not be ideally who they
• 30:02
  want on the throne, but there is someone who can go on to the
• 30:06
  Scottish throne. So maybe you should support
• 30:08
  that. So in regarding the Maid of
• 30:10
  Norway, she was three years old, Yeah, but she was seen as a
• 30:14
  perfect there. Why was that?
• 30:16
  Well. It's not that she's a perfect
• 30:18
  there, it's just she's the only, yeah, she's the only blood
• 30:22
  there. You have to remember the king of
• 30:24
  Norway killed some land and the like, extra herbites and stuff
• 30:29
  and right round about that area. So we'll get to that.
• 30:34
  But anyway, the Guardians, as they were called, they continue
• 30:39
  to rule Scotland in absence of the the Maid of Norway's
• 30:42
  arrival. But they felt that we didn't
• 30:45
  have the legal authority, tensor seeds and political issues and
• 30:50
  involving aristocracy, OK. So do you know anything about
• 30:56
  the Treaty of Bergham in 1290? We'll, we'll get to.
• 31:00
  That we'll get OK Chris, we've got that we I've got nice.
• 31:05
  You've got your timeline. Keep growing then.
• 31:07
  So. When I was I'm.
• 31:09
  Just going to sit here. Just keep going.
• 31:11
  So that of Fife was martyred near breaking on September 1289.
• 31:17
  Hey, martyrdom. Hugh Abernathy, who was
• 31:21
  previously a counsellor to Alexander the Third.
• 31:24
  What was his weapon of choice? I'm not sure what his weapon
• 31:27
  was. Was an axe, an arrow, a sword?
• 31:30
  I've no idea. He he just murdered him.
• 31:33
  Apparently that of Fife was quite quite a like annoying
• 31:38
  person, just like provocative. So he deserved to to be Buttrick
• 31:43
  on his doorstep in front of his children.
• 31:45
  Well, maybe many evil times. He deserves to welcome to many
• 31:50
  evil times. That was not the cable guy that
• 31:53
  I'm not. I watched that Matthew Broderick
• 31:56
  film the other night, actually, but we're straight off topic
• 31:59
  that much that yeah, I'll stray off again.
• 32:01
  It was. I'll stray off again.
• 32:03
  It was. It was.
• 32:04
  Election. Which is a great Alexander Payne
• 32:07
  film. Great book, great film.
• 32:09
  I I. Don't like the film?
• 32:11
  I've never understood why the Matthew Broderick character
• 32:14
  hates the Reece Webersbin actor. So because he's a misogynist?
• 32:18
  He's a misogynist? He's a porn addict.
• 32:21
  Reminds me of someone sitting in this room and there's only two
• 32:24
  of us in this room. So let's go.
• 32:26
  Let's. Go on.
• 32:27
  OK, he has like he's addicted to pornography, but yeah, he's
• 32:32
  actually attracted to her as well, obviously.
• 32:34
  Well, he learns early in the film that his friends who's a
• 32:37
  teacher and is savagely molesting her because she has a
• 32:41
  child, she can't give her consent.
• 32:43
  Yeah, of course. Who I don't know.
• 32:44
  He doesn't like expose him. He doesn't go to the the school.
• 32:49
  No, he lets it go on and then ventilated by it.
• 32:53
  Yeah. Then he's angry at her for, for,
• 32:56
  for his friend being sacked, even though his friend is a
• 32:59
  paedophile. Yeah.
• 33:01
  Anyway, Anyway, so the huge Abernethy incident shows that
• 33:06
  the Guardians, as they were called, the nobility, the
• 33:10
  aristocracy, they felt that they couldn't like get involved in
• 33:14
  things like that. Like we don't have the legal
• 33:16
  authority. We're not monarch time get
• 33:19
  involved. Like Abernethy had the ear of
• 33:23
  the former king, so who would be to punish him?
• 33:26
  And though he he is, where's the former king at this point?
• 33:30
  Alexander The Ferns. You know.
• 33:33
  You know her? Yes.
• 33:34
  He's the firman. Who?
• 33:36
  Dead on the firman. Go on, go on.
• 33:39
  So the mourning. Factions look to take advantage
• 33:42
  of the Arrow's death to basically acquire his titles,
• 33:46
  his money, and for land. That makes sense.
• 33:50
  So, so we we see here though, Abernathy is punished.
• 33:56
  He has arrested, he has punished that they're, they're kind of
• 34:01
  they're ruling. Did they hang them?
• 34:03
  Or if any. Of us just in prison.
• 34:05
  They're ruling without really legal authority because they
• 34:10
  can't really, like, laid out a sentence against members of the
• 34:14
  aristocracy because they're not monarchs.
• 34:17
  OK yeah, remember, it's a futile society at that time.
• 34:22
  So you've got the monarchy, you've got the aristocracy,
• 34:26
  you've got the nobles, you've got the middle ground is not a
• 34:30
  middle class. The middle class doesn't emerge
• 34:33
  until late 18th century. Yeah, there's no middle class.
• 34:37
  We don't see the working class really until early 19th.
• 34:41
  Was it peasantry? Peasantry.
• 34:43
  So peasants, commoners, as they would call them.
• 34:46
  Although I always say when I teach about Wallace, about
• 34:49
  Wallace in school, I always like, although I use the word
• 34:54
  commoners because that's what we use.
• 34:55
  I always crevice it by saying like this is a horrible term.
• 35:00
  It's not something I would use personally, although most of.
• 35:03
  Our kids in the school I'm at the moment are from very well
• 35:07
  families. He wouldn't take someone's head
• 35:10
  off of a fucking axe hero, but those were the times.
• 35:13
  Those were the time. So anyway, what were you asking
• 35:17
  me about earlier? Like what happened summer 12/19?
• 35:21
  Oh yeah, the Treaty of Bergkham. Am I saying that correctly?
• 35:24
  Yeah. Bergholm.
• 35:25
  And why did the Scottish Guardians agree to it?
• 35:28
  So assigned in the summer 1290. So as I leaded to earlier,
• 35:33
  Edward Sodden, who goes on to become Edward the Second.
• 35:36
  This is long Chunk, son. Yeah.
• 35:38
  If you remember him from Braveheart.
• 35:40
  Yeah, he's gay and Braveheart. But I think Mel Gibson just
• 35:43
  helped. Hates all minorities he is on.
• 35:46
  Yeah. He's shown as being very weak,
• 35:48
  very effeminate in the film. He he wasn't like that in real
• 35:53
  life. He was gay.
• 35:55
  But you remember, you have to remember at that time sexuality
• 35:59
  would have been floored. So yeah, I would that wouldn't
• 36:01
  even know he was gay because he he had like favourites at his
• 36:07
  court, as all kings would. But maybe he's gay.
• 36:10
  Do you ever think of that? It it was rumoured that he was
• 36:12
  having an affair with one of his favourites, his, but he was
• 36:16
  probably. Having affairs with everyone so
• 36:19
  his. Favourite was a man called Piers
• 36:21
  Gaveston so he he was one of his lovers and there were others but
• 36:27
  so Edward the Second when the tree of Burgum was signed.
• 36:32
  He is 6 at the time. So Margaret Norby would have
• 36:36
  been what? Seven OK and he and what
• 36:42
  happened will tell us about this treaty.
• 36:44
  So why does it tie Scotland to to England through marriage?
• 36:50
  Well. Basically because the man who's
• 36:54
  to become king in England eventually Edward the second to
• 36:58
  the the sovereign of Scotland, the Queen of Scotland, one of
• 37:02
  the one of the like stipulations of Scotland will remain as an
• 37:07
  autonomous country. Like they'll have their own laws
• 37:10
  as we have now, like her own laws.
• 37:12
  Laws are very different. Courts are very different to
• 37:15
  England. Scottish Government will be
• 37:19
  retained freedom of religion like Scottish church remains,
• 37:24
  stuff like that. But the the political class were
• 37:29
  also, they were, they were concerned because Edward the
• 37:36
  First wanted to be named as a superior Lord, Lord of the
• 37:39
  Scottish realm essentially. So, Edward.
• 37:43
  Tells the nobility that Margaret will be in Scotland by early
• 37:48
  November 1290. OK.
• 37:51
  And what happens when Margaret is on her way to Scotland?
• 37:55
  She's on her way to. Scotland.
• 37:56
  But tragically, she gets across. She gets across the North Sea,
• 38:01
  she gets to the Orkney Islands. She'd been set during the
• 38:04
  journey from Norway and she dies from that sickness.
• 38:09
  September, she was slain by. No, she just died.
• 38:13
  The sea sickness. Are you sure someone didn't?
• 38:16
  Jump out from on behind the rock and.
• 38:19
  There's no, there are no evidence that she she was slain
• 38:23
  or there's any foul play. She's a child.
• 38:26
  I think she was 7. Did a man not?
• 38:28
  Ride up on a horse and tell them to surrender all their riches
• 38:32
  from the carriage and then when they refused they pulled out a
• 38:35
  submachine gun and blew them all away.
• 38:38
  It's not. Time call.
• 38:39
  All right, OK, No. So she just died of natural
• 38:42
  causes. Yeah.
• 38:44
  Natural causes like some kind of sickness on the way.
• 38:46
  And by the time she gets to Nortney Iles, she's very unwell.
• 38:51
  Did some people not believe that she was poisoned?
• 38:54
  No, there's not nothing. There's no contemporary evidence
• 38:58
  to even suggest that. So no one even believed that.
• 39:02
  All right, so. Obviously her death creates a an
• 39:05
  immediate power vacuum. Yeah, very.
• 39:07
  Good. Yeah, very good.
• 39:09
  I'm not a pupil. He he stepped up as guardians.
• 39:14
  And how did they prevent the Kingdom from falling apart
• 39:19
  again? We go back to Robert Bruce.
• 39:21
  So he again senses an opportunity and he he comes
• 39:25
  across as like a opportunist essentially if someone who will
• 39:32
  try and take advantage of things for his own ends.
• 39:35
  So he sets to take the the crowd.
• 39:38
  He seeks to take the crown again.
• 39:40
  Yeah, with all the confusion going on, he seeks to take the
• 39:44
  crown. But again, he has 48 by Belio
• 39:48
  and Commons supporters. But.
• 39:52
  How? How are they reacting in
• 39:53
  England? How is what's Longshanks
• 39:55
  reaction? Well, what?
• 39:57
  Longshanks he again we'll get to that we'll get to that so if you
• 40:02
  just so after she dies Belio common to but they also covet
• 40:11
  the crown at this time early 1291.
• 40:16
  Belio and Bruce are vying for the crown, but they both
• 40:20
  understand Edward's desire to rule Scotland.
• 40:24
  So in April, Edward and his ministers head to Scotland to
• 40:28
  state the King's claim to be overlord.
• 40:30
  Overlord of the Kingdom again. But it wasn't there several
• 40:36
  claimants to the crown. There was I believe 14 or more,
• 40:40
  14 or more. But the the most serious
• 40:42
  contenders are Belio, Bruce and Common.
• 40:47
  By early summer, Edward spoke of military intervention in
• 40:51
  Scotland if they don't negate to his demands.
• 40:54
  So he says that he would essentially be king by way of
• 40:57
  proxy. So they're met.
• 41:00
  There are dissenting voices at this time.
• 41:02
  So the guardians of Scotland, they press Edward to, like,
• 41:06
  waive his right to become the overlord of Scotland.
• 41:10
  So this is called the great 'cause.
• 41:13
  Yeah. What?
• 41:14
  Was the great 'cause that was. 1291.
• 41:18
  And between 1291 and 1292, what was it?
• 41:20
  Yeah. So it's it's basically.
• 41:24
  How we get a resolution to to the the succession crisis so as
• 41:31
  resolved with Edward the Carmen, overlord of Scotland.
• 41:37
  So he. Brilliantly takes advantage of
• 41:41
  the confusion of the Warren factions, the uncertainty for
• 41:47
  his own political ruthlessness. Essentially.
• 41:50
  So he spoke that I find this quite interesting.
• 41:53
  He spoke to legal analysts at Oxbridge and even the University
• 41:58
  of Paris to settle the question of succession.
• 42:02
  So yeah. So he he spoke to him and what
• 42:06
  did he learn? So so.
• 42:08
  After this. At.
• 42:11
  Like a core is is basically set up and in November 1292, Belio
• 42:19
  John Bailey will becomes the new king of Scotland.
• 42:21
  So he's carrying, crying the school palace.
• 42:25
  Almost. Seven years have passed by this
• 42:28
  point between Alexander, the first fatal ride, an accident
• 42:32
  and the new king being anointing, so it takes seven
• 42:35
  years to get to this about. Moment just over 6 1/2, but
• 42:39
  we'll just say 7 and then but with Edward.
• 42:43
  There was this idea. Of English superiority, right?
• 42:47
  Yeah, we'll get to that. But one thing I would.
• 42:49
  That a question that I always wanted to ask was was there
• 42:53
  anyone in England, you know, counselling Edward, telling them
• 42:58
  perhaps we should let Scotland rule themselves and host we can?
• 43:02
  Stay out of it or no. Edward the first, he was
• 43:08
  basically he's not a dictator, but his word is final.
• 43:13
  I mean, you see how he acts here in a succession crisis.
• 43:18
  So no, there there wouldn't have been.
• 43:20
  But he was a shred operator. Obviously he was a very shred
• 43:23
  operator. But but Billy owes chosen as
• 43:25
  king. I have more Robert the Bruce's
• 43:28
  grandfather, Robert Bruce, but is that Robert the Bruce's
• 43:31
  grandfather because he's chosen by Edward, because Edward sees
• 43:36
  he's like a puppet, A puppet. So a weak and effectual someone
• 43:40
  who had working control. Remember he's chosen not by
• 43:44
  birthrights. So many Scots don't see him as
• 43:49
  the king. So they're they see him in the
• 43:53
  sense much of the nobility see him as an illegitimate king.
• 43:57
  So no one. Respects him I.
• 43:59
  Must say no one but there are pockets around the country who
• 44:05
  felt the other claimants of the throne had a better case and
• 44:09
  that Bailey was chosen by Edward, not Robert Bruce.
• 44:14
  So Norman thought he was. No, he would he would have had
• 44:17
  his supporters. Obviously the the problem with
• 44:19
  Robert dress at that time as he's very old.
• 44:22
  He's in his 70s at that time, right?
• 44:24
  So Bailey was king. How?
• 44:27
  Quickly, Do things go wrong with Edward?
• 44:30
  Very good question. Yeah, so things go wrong fairly
• 44:35
  quickly. So 1294 there's resistance to
• 44:39
  Edward's rule in Scotland, shall we say Edward at this time he
• 44:43
  bought down in France and but and also he's seeking Welsh
• 44:49
  conscripts for the war against France.
• 44:52
  The Scots see this as an opportunity and they speak to
• 44:57
  the Pope and ask him to intercede on their behalf.
• 45:01
  So basically the Scots, they, they said that they were made to
• 45:06
  sign the Treaty of Burgum under Judas because Edward, remember,
• 45:10
  he marches into Scotland with a large contingent at that time
• 45:16
  and basically threatens war. But you know what?
• 45:18
  He. Had what Scotland didn't have.
• 45:20
  A big bushy beard that. I don't know what that's from.
• 45:24
  Is that the running man or something?
• 45:26
  No. He he didn't fall off a Cliff in
• 45:29
  the middle of the night. So we had he had that gone from
• 45:32
  he could. You could only expect that the
• 45:34
  Scots would follow him, right? No, he was he was a great king.
• 45:38
  You're not. He was ruthless, but not the
• 45:41
  like evil, like self tight Lord is showing as in Braveheart.
• 45:47
  I mean, yeah, but we've. Spoken about this before.
• 45:50
  You're making a movie. He's a villain.
• 45:52
  Yeah, yeah. I mean, we'll get into that.
• 45:54
  I mean, or again it's. Mediaeval times, of course, but
• 45:58
  things go wrong quickly. You said the Scots were taking
• 46:00
  advantage of Edward's war with France.
• 46:03
  Yeah, so it was war. With France at the time, so he's
• 46:05
  trying to get conscripts from Wales who are many of them never
• 46:08
  refused them to fight. So yeah, no, wasn't there.
• 46:11
  He's in Wales at that time trying to get these conscripts
• 46:15
  to come over, but he so I did so during that confusion, the Scots
• 46:19
  go to the poll and ask them to ask them to intercede.
• 46:22
  But he would make a direct intervention on their part.
• 46:27
  Well. That's great.
• 46:29
  Where are we? At in.
• 46:30
  This story we jump. Forward two years, 2 two years
• 46:33
  later war between Edward and the nobility is is drawn closer,
• 46:41
  much closer. There's like pockets of
• 46:43
  resistance all over Scotland where people who they they just
• 46:49
  they want an end to Edward's like rule of Scotland as over
• 46:54
  Lord. But Edward reacts in the most
• 46:58
  ruthless manner possible. How does he react?
• 47:02
  So on the 30th of the March 1296, the Battle of Berry saw
• 47:08
  thousands of residents slaughtered by Edward's army.
• 47:12
  So the next they take Dunbar Castle, which falls in findish
• 47:17
  hands on the 27th of April 1296. And by this stage John Belly or
• 47:23
  he Ken John Belio removes his off of felted to Edward.
• 47:29
  So this was to have disastrous consequences for Scotland.
• 47:32
  So as the summer continues, Aberdeen and Edinburgh and many
• 47:39
  other Swatish towns fall into Edward's hands.
• 47:43
  OK. And how does the?
• 47:47
  Scotland fight back or what happens?
• 47:49
  Well, that's a good question like has started like Edward's
• 47:53
  son in stunning successes would not have been possible without
• 47:57
  the compliance from many Scottish nobles.
• 48:00
  So they they they're basically well, you don't want to say
• 48:05
  they're cowards, but they are cowards because they just want
• 48:09
  to maintain their land, their titles.
• 48:12
  They want, they don't. In a less selfish move, they
• 48:16
  don't want Edwards to seek retribution or to punish
• 48:22
  residents of the land or towns that they're overseeing.
• 48:27
  Or they're like Lebanon. So it could be considered
• 48:31
  understandable, maybe understandable, but they just
• 48:35
  want an. Easy life, easy.
• 48:37
  Life well, maybe they should have supported their king,
• 48:40
  truly, unless John Belio, who, as I said by May 1296 he is or
• 48:47
  by early spring 96, he has already denounced Edward and
• 48:53
  spoken of and he's basically withdrawn his loyalty, swear of
• 49:00
  loyalty to Edward, he if he didn't have.
• 49:04
  The support in the 1st place then if a war breaks out then
• 49:08
  he's unlikely to have many followers at that point.
• 49:11
  Yeah, that, that's. A good point.
• 49:12
  That's a good point, but a question I.
• 49:14
  Have then if. If the maiden.
• 49:17
  Norway lives so she doesn't get slain on Orkney, and she married
• 49:24
  Edward's son. Does do you?
• 49:27
  Think Scotland would have avoided the wars of independence
• 49:30
  all together? No, no.
• 49:32
  Because Edward he wanted his son positioned in Scotland as king.
• 49:38
  Obviously if the maiden Norway dies at some point, Edward the
• 49:41
  Second then becomes King of Scotland.
• 49:44
  So yeah. So that's.
• 49:45
  Why I'm my my thoughts are towards?
• 49:49
  Poisoned. And murder.
• 49:52
  No, there are. Nothing to support that at all.
• 49:55
  Nothing at all but just take. The all they had to do was get
• 49:59
  rid of the Maid of Norway and and.
• 50:01
  Then they have Scotland, so she died of natural causes.
• 50:05
  Edward had a great relationship with the king of Norway at the
• 50:08
  time. So I don't think she was going
• 50:10
  to kill or attempt to kill the his daughter's daughter.
• 50:16
  I just, I don't there's no evidence to support that.
• 50:20
  So any anything more to add? I've got one last question for
• 50:24
  you on this spot. You can continue on.
• 50:26
  Yeah. Well, during Edwards campaign in
• 50:28
  Scotland and 1296 and the early spring summer, the Kenya's scene
• 50:35
  has been weak. John Bailey was seen as being
• 50:37
  weak. So he begs Edward for a
• 50:42
  compromise at this time. And Edward and I agree.
• 50:46
  I agree with what he did. He rejects this at hand because
• 50:51
  the king of Scotland has denied his oath to the king of England.
• 50:56
  So if the king of Scotland is then defeated and captured,
• 51:01
  you're not going to give a little clemency, You're not
• 51:04
  going to make a compromise with him.
• 51:06
  What happened to him? So he's basically Edward was
• 51:10
  incensed by Belio because there'd been a previous
• 51:14
  agreement between Belio and Phillip the 4th of France, which
• 51:19
  enraged Edward because Edward as at war with France at this time.
• 51:23
  So that's another reason why Edward did not show mercy, show
• 51:28
  mercy to Belio. But Belio's not killed, he's
• 51:31
  just he's imprisoned before they imprisoned him, the generally on
• 51:35
  the Rep of his royal Insignia. Well, I I.
• 51:39
  Would argue that he did show mercy, that he could have
• 51:43
  chopped off his head instead of ripping off his royal Insignia.
• 51:46
  No, he could have allowed him to rule.
• 51:49
  Continue to. Rule, but basically as a puppet,
• 51:51
  as Edward had seen him as before he denounced his loyalty to
• 51:56
  Edward. So he's imprisoned and he he's
• 51:58
  sent to France and he dies and exiled.
• 52:01
  He's exiled. He dies in France.
• 52:04
  Well, that is mercy. I think the fact.
• 52:08
  The fact he was allowed to live is mercy.
• 52:11
  Yeah, I. Guess I mean and it shows you
• 52:13
  that Edward is not like the ruthless man he is the depicted
• 52:19
  as and rave her. But anyway, so when the.
• 52:22
  Billy was said to Edward, can we coexist like Thomas J?
• 52:29
  Whitmore said to an invading army.
• 52:32
  Who's Thomas J? Whitmore from independence.
• 52:34
  Day. What the hell he said give me
• 52:37
  quick. And Edward said no.
• 52:39
  I mean this is the second time Independence Day has come off in
• 52:42
  the forecast. Like when was the first time?
• 52:45
  How do I mentioned that in an earlier episode?
• 52:47
  I can't remember though. You should have brought it up
• 52:50
  then. They should have brought it up
• 52:51
  anyway by August 1296. Edwards is now the ruler of
• 52:56
  Scotland on the old Butt name. And this is when the Radman rule
• 53:00
  is signed by over 1500 Swartz Nova's.
• 53:04
  OK, we'll go into. That in Part 2.
• 53:05
  But one last question. No, we're not going to answer
• 53:07
  the Radman. Role Part 2 all right, but
• 53:10
  we're. Finished Now we want to speak
• 53:11
  about the Ragman role then a little bit.
• 53:13
  Yeah, Go on then. No, it's, well, it's.
• 53:15
  Basically it's just a document where the nobility, after the
• 53:21
  uprising of the previous year, have to swear an wolf to Edward
• 53:28
  the 1st. OK.
• 53:29
  And they, they say they signed that.
• 53:31
  Yeah, over 5000 of them signed that and I guess they, they
• 53:36
  happily signed it. They ran in with their pens and
• 53:40
  and they signed away well. It would have been like BIC pens
• 53:45
  at the they, they, they all signed it.
• 53:48
  So they're now basically. Vassals of the of the English
• 53:52
  Speaking of pens. I mean obviously this is going
• 53:55
  way way way off topic, but you see all these idiots that said
• 53:59
  they speak. About.
• 54:00
  Anne Frank and say, oh, her Diaries have failed because of
• 54:04
  the pin by roll, yeah, which is launches because by rolls that
• 54:08
  exist at the time they were just not if.
• 54:12
  Any they weren't, they were rare, but you could get on
• 54:15
  anyway looking back. The was the succession crisis
• 54:19
  the real beginning of the end for an independent Scotland in
• 54:23
  the 13th century, or was Edwards always going to push for control
• 54:28
  no matter what? I think he.
• 54:30
  He he seized the opportunity then he he always wanted
• 54:35
  Scotland under his role because as part of the as island and I
• 54:41
  was not part of the United Kingdom.
• 54:43
  Obviously now it doesn't happen until 17 O 7, but as part of his
• 54:47
  island, so he does one Scotland under his control.
• 54:51
  But obviously, as I said earlier, they get to keep their
• 54:55
  own laws, their own like boards, their own sheriffs, their own
• 54:59
  courts, their own Isley. They're autonomous and all but
• 55:04
  name. But Edwards is overlords.
• 55:07
  You have a word. OK, finish it then.
• 55:10
  By late. Spring 1297 Pockets of
• 55:12
  resistance to English oppression are noted all over Scotland.
• 55:17
  When? May 1297, a new figure emerges
• 55:20
  in the Wars of Independence. Who was that?
• 55:23
  That man is well with Wallace, and that's where we'll pick up
• 55:26
  next time. Great, see you next time.
• 55:29
  See you next time. The Twin History Podcast is a
• 55:42
  Lost Cosmonauts production produced by me Vilag, Esther
• 55:46
  Toute. Additional producers are Dale
• 55:49
  McGoldrick, Johnny McCann and Joe McCann.
• 55:53
  Written by Johnny McCann and Joe McCann.
• 55:56
  Original music and score by Kevin McCloud.
• 56:01
  The podcast is available wherever you get your podcast.
• 56:05
  You can find us on Instagram, YouTube, Twitter and TikTok
• 56:09
  under the handle the Twin History Pod.
• 56:12
  You can e-mail us at the Twin historypodcast@gmail.com.
• 56:19
  Thanks for listening. Music.