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Egypt · 1001 Questions and Answers on General History

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  Chapter one of one thousand one Questions and Answers on General History. This is
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  a LibriVox recording. All LibriVox recordings are in the public domain. For more
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  information or to volunteer, please visit LibriVox dot org. Recording by Larry Wilson.
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  One thousand one Questions and Answers on General History by Benjamin Hathaway Egypt.
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  One What is history a record of past events or a record of the rise
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  and fall of civilization? Two? What is general history a history of all
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  nations and peoples? Three? Into how many divisions may general history be divided?
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  Three? Four? What are they? Ancient, medieval, and modern?
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  Five? What is the period of ancient history? From remote antiquity to
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  the fall of the Roman Empire four seventy six a D. Six What are
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  the limits of the medieval division? From four seventy six a d To the
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  close of the fifteenth century? Seven? What are the limits of the modern
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  period from the beginning of the year fifteen hundred to the present time? Eight?
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  What is biography the history of a single individual? Nine What is an
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  autobiography the history of an individual which has been written by himself? Ten what
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  is the derivation of the word history from two Greek words which originally meant to
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  know by inquiry? Eleven? What is political history? The history of states
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  and empires? Twelve? What is ecclesiastical history the history of the Christian Church?
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  What is meant by sacred history the historical part of the scriptures? Fourteen?
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  What is profane history? Any history written by uninspired writers? Fifteen?
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  How many sources have we of historical information? Three? Sixteen? What are
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  they? Records, monuments, and legends? Seventeen? What people have left
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  their history entirely in monuments? The mound builders? Eighteen with what does the
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  history of a people begin with the formation of settled communities? Nineteen? What
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  is the historic race the Caucasians, the others having done little worth recording?
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  Twenty How is it divided into three great branches, the Aryan, the Semitic,
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  and the Hamitic? Twenty one to which do we belong the Aryan?
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  Twenty two? What does the Rayan include the Persians, the Hindus, and
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  nearly all the European nations? Twenty three? For what has it always been
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  noted its intellectual vigor? Twenty four? What does the Semitic branch embrace the
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  Assyrians, the Hebrews, the Phoenicians, and the Arabs Twenty five. What
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  has been its great characteristic religious fervor? Twenty six? What has it given
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  to the world The three faiths which teach the worship of one God Twenty seven?
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  What are they? The Jewish, Christian, and Mohammedan Twenty eight?
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  What does the Hamitic branch include, the Chaldeans and the Egyptian Twenty nine?
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  What has it been remarkable for its massive architecture? Thirty What country is supposed
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  to have been the birthplace of mankind? Asia? Thirty one? What nation
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  had made progress in civilization in a time back of all history? The Arians?
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  Thirty two? What does the word mean those who go straight or upward?
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  Thirty three? What is known of their civilization? They dwelt in houses,
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  plowed the soil, ground their grain and mills, rode in vehicles,
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  worked certain metals calculated up to one hundred, and had family ties, a
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  government, and a religion. Thirty four. Where does history begin on the
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  banks of the Nile, the Tigris, and the Euphrates Thirty five What reason
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  is given for this? The rich alluvial soil, the genial climate, and
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  the abundant natural products of the earth offered every inducement to a nomadic people to
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  settle and begin a national life. Thirty six. What are the earliest cities
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  of the world Memphis, Thebes, Nuneveh, and Babylon. Thirty seven What
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  is the earliest account we have of Egypt? About two thousand, seven hundred
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  b c. Minnis, the half mythical founder of the nation, is said
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  to have built Memphis, which he made his capital. Thirty eight. Describe
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  Egypt a flat valley two to ten miles wide, skirted by low, rocky
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  hills on the west, the desert on the east. A mountainous region rich
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  in quarries, extending to the Red Sea. Through this narrow valley, the
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  Nile runs for six hundred miles Thirty nine. What is Egypt sometimes called the
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  gift of the Nile? Forty Why so called? The Nile inundates Egypt every
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  year and then recedes, leave in a deposit of mud, which fertilizes the
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  soil to such an extent that two crops are annually raised. Forty one What
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  other advantage is the river to Egypt? It is a means of rapid and
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  ready communication between the remotest parts of the country. Forty two. How was
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  Egypt divided into several states but finally was united into two parts, Upper and
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  Lower Egypt? Forty three? Named the three periods of Egyptian history previous to
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  the Persian conquest, the Old Empire, the Second Empire, and the New
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  Empire? Forty four. What is the date of the Old Empire from remote
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  antiquity to two thousand eighty b C. Forty five? What is the most
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  interesting epoch of the Old Empire? The Fourth or Pyramid dynasty, so called
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  because its chief monarch built the three great pyramids at Giza? Forty six.
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  Who was the best known of these kings? Cufu called Chiops by Herodotus Forty
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  seven. What is a dynasty a succession of sovereigns of the same race ruling
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  a particular country Forty eight What may be said of the progress of arts in
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  Egypt? The useful arts made rapid progress under the Pyramidic dynasties Forty nine.
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  Where did they get their copper from the Peninsula of Sinai? Fifty What is
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  the date of the Second Empire from two thousand eighty b C To fifteen twenty
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  five b C. Fifty one? What famous works were accomplished in the Second
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  Empire The Labyrinth and Lake Mars fifty two. What was the Labyrinth? A
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  magnificent group of palaces containing three thousand rooms, half of them underground, built
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  as a tomb for kings and sacred crocodiles. Fifty three. What was Lake
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  Maris? A gigantic reservoir built to divert the waters of the Nile during an
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  in addition, and hold them for the use of the neighboring lands in time
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  of drought fifty four. Who were the first to invade Egypt tribes from Asia
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  under the Shepherd Kings? Fifty five? Who were they? The Hyksos,
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  a rude Barbarian race who overran the whole region and ruled it for four hundred
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  years fifty six When did Abraham visit Egypt during the reign of the Shepherd Kings?
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  Fifty seven? What was the date of the new Empire from fifteen twenty
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  five b C. To five hundred twenty five b C. Fifty eight What
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  is said of this epoch? During this period there was a national life of
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  one thousand years, which exalted Egypt to the height of its glory. Fifty
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  nine What great temple was built at this time the Great Temple of Karnak,
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  now one of the most wonderful ruins of the world. It was connected with
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  the Temple of Luxur by an avenue of Sphinxes two miles long. Sixty What
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  was the capital of the new empire Thebes sixty one? Who was the greatest
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  monarch of Egypt Rameses the Second sixty two? What was he called in sacred
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  history Pharaoh the oppressor of the Israelites sixty three? What did he do for
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  Egypt? He covered the land with magnificent works of art and carried the Egyptian
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  arms in triumph into Asia sixty four? What was the employment at captives who
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  were brought to Egypt working in the mines and making brick sixty five? What
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  cruel act was Rameses guilty of? Who ordered the Hebrew boys to be thrown
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  into the Nile? Sixty six? What ruler was visited by the plagues of
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  Egypt? The son of Rameses the second sixty seven? What was his name
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  Menephtha sixty eight. When did the decline of Egypt begin in the seventh century
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  BC, when it was conquered by the Assyrians sixty nine? Who revived the
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  Egyptian power, but sam Medicus and his successor Neko, who completely subdued all
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  the enemies seventy What great event occurred during nekol reign the circumnavigation of Africa seventy
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  one. What other country besides Egypt did Neko rule all the country between the
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  Mediterranean Sea and the River Euphrates seventy two. How did Necho lose his possessions
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  in Asia by his defeat in the Battle of Carchemish seventy three? Who commanded
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  the victorious army in this battle Nebukneser seventy four. When did Egypt pass into
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  the control of the Persians in the sixth century when they were conquered by Cambises
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  and became part of the Persian Empire seventy five? When did Egypt throw off
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  the Persian yoke under Alexander the Great three thirty four b Sea seventy six.
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  What did Alexander do in Egypt built a new city Alexandria at the mouth of
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  the Nile seventy seven. Who was the father of Alexander, King Philip of
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  Macedon seventy eight. What happened to Egypt after the death of Alexander. It
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  passed into the rule of the Ptolemies from three twenty three b C. To
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  thirty b C. Seventy nine named some improvements in Egypt during the reign of
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  Ptolemy. The first the erection of magnificent buildings, among them a white marble
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  lighthouse called Pharaohs one of the seven Wonders of the world. And the founding
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  of the greatest library of the ancient world at Alexandria eighty What special volume did
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  the Alexandrian library contain a translation of the Hebrew scriptures into Greek? Eighty one?
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  What was this translation called the Septuagint? Eighty two? Why so named
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  because there were seventy persons who translated it from the Hebrew eighty three? How
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  many Ptolemys were there thirteen in all? Eighty four. Who was the last
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  Ptolemy? Cleopatra a brilliant princess eighty five? What happened during her reign Egypt
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  was conquered by Rome eighty six. How did Cleopatra come to her death?
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  She killed herself rather than be seen on the triumphal procession of her Roman conquer
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  Octavius eighty seven. When did Egypt come into the control of the Romans in
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  the year thirty BC eighty eight. How long did Rome control Egypt until the
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  fall of the Roman Empire eighty nine? Who has controlled Egypt since the fall
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  of the Roman Empire? The Turks principally ninety What is the title of the
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  ruler of Egypt Kydive ninety one? What were the rulers called from twelve fifty
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  to fifteen seventeen? The Mambaluke Sultans ninety two who conquered the Turks at the
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  end of the eighteenth century? The French under Bonaparte ninety three. What was
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  Bonaparte's chart to his soldiers at the Battle of the Pyramids Soldiers from yonder Pyramids
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  forty centuries looked down upon you? Ninety four? How long did Egypt remain
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  under French rule? The French were expelled by the British in eighteen two and
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  the province was restored to Turkey ninety five. Mentioned two powerful rulers of Egypt
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  after this period, Mahemet Ali and his grandson Ismayel Pasha, the first of
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  the Caddaives ninety six. What great undertaking was attempted by Ismael Pasha the conquest
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  of Central Africa called Sudan and the suppression of the slave trade ninety seven.
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  What Englishman was appointed governor of the Sudan in the service of the Cadive General
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  Gordon in eighteen seventy four ninety eight? What great revolt against Egyptian power took
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  place in Sudan? The revolt of the Mahdi ninety nine? What is the
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  meaning of Mahdi according to Mohammedan belief, a spiritual ruler who was to appear
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  on earth during the last days? One hundred Who had himself proclaimed his Mahdi
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  Mohammed Ahmed, a man of low birth one hundred one. What did he
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  do? He gathered an insurgent band of Mohammedans around him, and the tide
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  of insurrection was a source of serious peril to Egypt one hundred two. What
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  was the fate of Gordon? He was besieged by the Madi at Khartum and
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  killed in the storming of the city eighteen eighty five. One hundred three.
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  Names some great curiosities in Egypt Pyramids, sphinxes, obelisks, et cetera.
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  One hundred four. Where are the pyramids in the Western Valley of the Nile
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  from near Cairo to about one hundred miles up the river one hundred five.
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  How many pyramids were there at first over one hundred and sixty five yet remain
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  one hundred six. What was the purpose of the pier bids monuments over the
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  remains of noted rulers? One hundred seven. What is the shape of the
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  pyramids? Four sided directed toward the cardinal points? One hundred eight Give dimensions
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  of the largest pyramid each side of base seven hundred forty six feet height four
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  hundred fifty feet one hundred nine of what material are the pyramids built stone or
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  a mass of rubble with an external casinge of stone? One hundred ten Do
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  they still maintain their original size? They do not. They are often partially
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  destroyed for their building material one hundred eleven. What is a sphinx a fabulous
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  monster of mythology? One hundred twelve What were the sphinxes of Egypt? Large
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  statues representing the head of a man and the body of a lion? One
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  hundred thirteen. What is an obelisk a large shaft of stone, usually square
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  and covered with hieroglyphics one hundred fourteen Where are they most numerous in Egypt?
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  One hundred fifteen. What has been done with some of them presented to different
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  nations for monuments or statues? One hundred sixteen? Has the United States received
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  in a There is one presented to the City of New York by the Cadive
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  of Egypt one hundred seventeen. How has the history of ancient Egypt been preserved
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  by the hieroglyphics on the walls of the palaces, temples, monuments, and
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  tombs one hundred eighteen. What are hieroglyphics a series of pictures and characters symbolizing
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  ideas, letters, syllables, and words. One hundred nineteen. How did
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  their meaning become known to the scholars of today through the discovery of the Rosetta
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  Stone, one of the greatest discoveries of modern times? One hundred twenty.
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  What is the Rosetta Stone? An Egyptian tablet discovered at Rosetta and containing an
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  inscription written of both hieroglyphics and Greek. By comparing the two Champollion, a
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  celebrat Diffrench, scientists found the meaning of a few characters, and from that
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  beginning the whole of the ancient Egyptian writing has been deciphered one hundred twenty one
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  on what was Egyptian literature written on scrolls of papyrus or paper read which flourished
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  luxuriantly in ancient times on the banks of the Nile One hundred twenty two.
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  What is the most celebrated Egyptian book The Book of the Dead, a ritual
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  for the use of the soul in its journey after death. A copy was
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  enclosed in every mummy case one hundred twenty three. How did the Egyptians care
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  for their dead? They embalm them and placed various articles in the tombs with
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  them, especially images of the deceased persons and utensils connected with their profession or
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  trade. One hundred twenty four. What did the religion of ancient Egypt teach
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  a judge after death, immortality and transmigration of the soul, And it had
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  many gods growing out of one one hundred twenty five What was its form?
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  A ceremonial worship of animals as emblems of deity end of chapter one