Latest / Karl Marx Audiobooks / I.W.W. - Its History, Structure, and Method-Vincent St. John

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I.W.W. - Its History, Structure, and Method-Vincent St. John · Karl Marx Audiobooks

• 0:00
  Speaker 1: The IWW its history, structure and methods by Vincent Saint John.
• 0:05
  Speaker 1: Part one. This is a LibriVox recording. All LibriVox recordings
• 0:10
  Speaker 1: are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer,
• 0:14
  Speaker 1: please visit LibriVox dot org. The IWW A brief history.
• 0:21
  Speaker 1: In the fall of nineteen o four, six active workers
• 0:24
  Speaker 1: in the Revolutionary labor movement held a conference. After exchanging
• 0:28
  Speaker 1: views and discussing the conditions, then confronting the workers of
• 0:31
  Speaker 1: the United States, they decided to issue a call for
• 0:34
  Speaker 1: a larger gathering. These six workers were Isaac Cohen, American
• 0:39
  Speaker 1: Representative of the Amalgamated Society of Engineers of Great Britain,
• 0:43
  Speaker 1: Clarence Smith, General Secretary Treasurer of the American Labor Union,
• 0:47
  Speaker 1: Thomas J. Haggerty, Editor of the Voice of Labor, official
• 0:51
  Speaker 1: organ of the a l U, George Estez, President of
• 0:55
  Speaker 1: the United Brotherhood of Railway Employees W. L. Hall, General
• 1:00
  Speaker 1: Secretary Treasurer U B. R. E. And William E. Trautman,
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  Speaker 1: editor of the Brawer Zeitung, the official organ of the
• 1:08
  Speaker 1: United Brewery Workers of America. Invitations were then sent out
• 1:13
  Speaker 1: to thirty six additional individuals who were active in radical
• 1:16
  Speaker 1: labor organizations and the social political movement of the United States,
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  Speaker 1: inviting them to meet in secret conference in Chicago, Illinois,
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  Speaker 1: January two, nineteen o five. Of the thirty six who
• 1:29
  Speaker 1: received invitations, but two declined to attend the proposed conference,
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  Speaker 1: Max S. Hayes and Victor Berger, both of whom were
• 1:36
  Speaker 1: in editorial charge of the Socialist Political Party and Trade
• 1:40
  Speaker 1: union organs. The conference met at the appointed time, with
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  Speaker 1: thirty present, and drew up the Industrial Union Manifesto, calling
• 1:47
  Speaker 1: for a convention to be held in Chicago June twenty seventh,
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  Speaker 1: nineteen o five, for the purpose of launching an organization
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  Speaker 1: in accord with the principle set forth in the manifesto.
• 1:58
  Speaker 1: The work of circulating the manifesto was handled by an
• 2:00
  Speaker 1: executive committee of the conference, the American Labor Union and
• 2:04
  Speaker 1: the Western Federation of Miners. The manifesto was widely circulated
• 2:08
  Speaker 1: in several languages. On the date set, the convention assembled,
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  Speaker 1: with one hundred eighty six delegates present from thirty four state, district, national,
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  Speaker 1: and local organizations representing about ninety thousand members. All who
• 2:22
  Speaker 1: were present as delegates were not there in good faith
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  Speaker 1: knowledge of this fact. Caused the signers of the Manifesto
• 2:28
  Speaker 1: to constitute themselves a temporary Committee on credentials. This Temporary
• 2:33
  Speaker 1: Credentials Committee ruled that representation for organizations would be based
• 2:37
  Speaker 1: upon the number of members in their respective organizations only
• 2:41
  Speaker 1: where such delegates were empowered by their organizations to install
• 2:45
  Speaker 1: said organizations as integral parts of the Industrial Union. When
• 2:49
  Speaker 1: formed were not so empowered, delegates would only be allowed
• 2:53
  Speaker 1: one vote. One of the delegations present was from the
• 2:56
  Speaker 1: Illinois State District of the United Mine Workers of America.
• 3:00
  Speaker 1: The membership of that district was at the time in
• 3:03
  Speaker 1: the neighborhood of fifty thousand. Under the above rule, these
• 3:07
  Speaker 1: delegates were seated with one vote each. This brings the
• 3:10
  Speaker 1: number of members represented down to forty thousand. Several other
• 3:15
  Speaker 1: organizations that had delegates present existed mainly on paper, so
• 3:19
  Speaker 1: it is safe to say that forty thousand is a
• 3:22
  Speaker 1: good estimate of the number of workers represented in the
• 3:25
  Speaker 1: first Convention. The foregoing figures will show that the precautions
• 3:30
  Speaker 1: adopted by the signers of the Manifesto were all that
• 3:32
  Speaker 1: prevented the opponents of the Industrial Union from capturing the
• 3:36
  Speaker 1: convention and blocking any effort to start the organization. It
• 3:40
  Speaker 1: is a fact that many of those who were present
• 3:42
  Speaker 1: as delegates on the floor of the first Convention and
• 3:45
  Speaker 1: the organizations that they represented, have bitterly fought the IWW
• 3:49
  Speaker 1: from the close of the first Convention up to the
• 3:52
  Speaker 1: present day. The organizations that installed as a part of
• 3:55
  Speaker 1: the new organization were Western Federation of Miners twenty seven
• 4:00
  Speaker 1: thousand members, Socialist Trade and Labour Alliance one thousand, four
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  Speaker 1: hundred fifty members, Punch Press Operators one hundred and sixty
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  Speaker 1: eight members, United Metalworkers three thousand members, Longshoremen's Union four
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  Speaker 1: hundred members, The American Labor Union sixteen thousand, five hundred members,
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  Speaker 1: United Brotherhood of Railway Employees two thousand, eighty seven members.
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  Speaker 1: The convention lasted twelve days, adopted a constitution with the
• 4:31
  Speaker 1: following preamble, and elected officers Original IWW Preamble. The working
• 4:40
  Speaker 1: class and the employing class have nothing in common. There
• 4:44
  Speaker 1: can be no peace so long as hunger and want
• 4:46
  Speaker 1: are found among millions of working people, and the few
• 4:50
  Speaker 1: who make up the employing class have all the good
• 4:53
  Speaker 1: things in life. Between these two classes, a struggle must
• 4:57
  Speaker 1: go on until all the toilers come together on the
• 5:00
  Speaker 1: political as well as on the industrial field, and take
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  Speaker 1: and hold that which they produce by their labor through
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  Speaker 1: an economic organization of the working class without affiliation with
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  Speaker 1: any political party. The rapid gathering of wealth and the
• 5:17
  Speaker 1: centering of the management of industries into fewer and fewer
• 5:21
  Speaker 1: hands makes the trade unions unable to cope with the
• 5:24
  Speaker 1: ever growing power of the employing class. Because the trade
• 5:28
  Speaker 1: unions foster a state of things which allows one set
• 5:31
  Speaker 1: of workers to be pitted against another set of workers
• 5:34
  Speaker 1: in the same industry, thereby helping defeat one another in
• 5:37
  Speaker 1: wage wars, the trade unions aid the employing class to
• 5:41
  Speaker 1: mislead the workers into the belief that the working class
• 5:45
  Speaker 1: have interests in common with their employers. These sad conditions
• 5:50
  Speaker 1: can be changed, and the interests of the working class
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  Speaker 1: upheld only by an organization formed in such a way
• 5:56
  Speaker 1: that all its members in any one industry, or in
• 6:00
  Speaker 1: all industries, if necessary, cease work whenever a strike or
• 6:04
  Speaker 1: lockout is on in any department thereof, thus making an
• 6:08
  Speaker 1: injury to one an injury to all. All kinds and
• 6:14
  Speaker 1: shades of theories and programs were represented among the delegates
• 6:18
  Speaker 1: and individuals present at the first Convention. The principal ones
• 6:22
  Speaker 1: and evidence, however, were four parliamentary socialism two types impossibilist
• 6:28
  Speaker 1: and opportunist, Marxian and reformist, anarchist, industrial unionist, and the
• 6:36
  Speaker 1: labor union faker. The task of combining these conflicting elements
• 6:41
  Speaker 1: was attempted by the convention. A knowledge of this task
• 6:44
  Speaker 1: makes it easier to understand the seeming contradictions in the
• 6:47
  Speaker 1: original preamble. The first year of the organization was one
• 6:51
  Speaker 1: of internal struggle for control by these different elements. The
• 6:55
  Speaker 1: two camps of socialist politicians looked upon the IWW only
• 6:59
  Speaker 1: as a battle upon which to settle their respective merits
• 7:03
  Speaker 1: and demerits. The labour fakers strove to fasten themselves upon
• 7:07
  Speaker 1: the organization that they might continue to exist if the
• 7:11
  Speaker 1: new union was a success. The anarchist element did not
• 7:15
  Speaker 1: interfere to any great extent in the internal affairs. Only
• 7:18
  Speaker 1: one instance is known to the writer, that of New
• 7:21
  Speaker 1: York City, where they were in alliance with one set
• 7:24
  Speaker 1: of politicians for the purpose of controlling the district council.
• 7:28
  Speaker 1: In spite of these and other obstacles, the new organization
• 7:31
  Speaker 1: made some progress, fought a few successful battles with the
• 7:35
  Speaker 1: employing class and started publishing a monthly organ the Industrial Worker.
• 7:40
  Speaker 1: The IWW also issued the first call for the defense
• 7:44
  Speaker 1: of Moyer, Haywood and Pettibone under the title shall our
• 7:48
  Speaker 1: brothers be murdered? Formed the Defense League. And it is
• 7:52
  Speaker 1: due to the interests awakened by the IWW that other
• 7:55
  Speaker 1: organizations were enlisted in the fight to save the lives
• 7:59
  Speaker 1: of the officials of the WFM, which finally resulted in
• 8:02
  Speaker 1: their liberation. Thus, the efforts of the WFM and starting
• 8:07
  Speaker 1: the IWW were repaid Second Convention. The Second Convention met
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  Speaker 1: in September nineteen o six, with ninety three delegates representing
• 8:18
  Speaker 1: about sixty thousand members. This convention demonstrated that the administration
• 8:23
  Speaker 1: of the IWW was in the hands of men who
• 8:26
  Speaker 1: were not in accord with the revolutionary program of the organization.
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  Speaker 1: Of the general officers only two were sincere the General
• 8:34
  Speaker 1: Secretary W. E. Troutman and one member of the Executive Board,
• 8:38
  Speaker 1: John Reardon. The struggle for control of the organization formed
• 8:43
  Speaker 1: the Second Convention into two camps. The majority vote of
• 8:46
  Speaker 1: the convention was in the revolutionary camp. The reactionary camp
• 8:49
  Speaker 1: having the chairman used obstructive tactics in their effort to
• 8:53
  Speaker 1: gain control of the convention. They hoped thereby to delay
• 8:57
  Speaker 1: the convention until enough delegates would be forced to return
• 9:00
  Speaker 1: earn home, and thus changed the control of the convention.
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  Speaker 1: The revolutionists cut this knot by abolishing the office of
• 9:07
  Speaker 1: president and electing a chairman from among the revolutionists. In
• 9:12
  Speaker 1: this struggle, the two contending sets of socialist politicians lined
• 9:16
  Speaker 1: up in opposite camps. The second Convention amended the preamble
• 9:20
  Speaker 1: by adding the following clause, Therefore, without endorsing or desiring
• 9:25
  Speaker 1: the endorsement of any political party, a new executive board
• 9:30
  Speaker 1: was elected on the adjournment of the convention. The old
• 9:33
  Speaker 1: official seized the general headquarters, and with the aid of detectives,
• 9:37
  Speaker 1: the police held the same, compelling the revolutionists to open
• 9:41
  Speaker 1: up new offices. This they were enabled to do in
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  Speaker 1: spite of the fact that they were without access to
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  Speaker 1: the funds of the organization and had to depend on
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  Speaker 1: getting finances from the locals. The WFM official supported the
• 9:54
  Speaker 1: old officials of the IWW for a time financially and
• 9:58
  Speaker 1: with the influence of their official order. The same is
• 10:01
  Speaker 1: true of the Socialist Party press and administration. The radical
• 10:05
  Speaker 1: element in the WFM were finally able to force the
• 10:08
  Speaker 1: officials to withdraw their support. The old officials of the
• 10:11
  Speaker 1: IWW then gave up all pretense of having an organization.
• 10:16
  Speaker 1: The organization entered its second year facing a more severe
• 10:20
  Speaker 1: struggle than in its first year. It succeeded, however, in
• 10:23
  Speaker 1: establishing the general headquarters again and in issuing a weekly
• 10:27
  Speaker 1: publication in place of the monthly seized by the old officials.
• 10:32
  Speaker 1: During the second year, some hard struggles for better conditions
• 10:35
  Speaker 1: were waged by the members. The third convention of the
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  Speaker 1: IWW was uneventful, but it was at this convention that
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  Speaker 1: it became evident that the socialist politicians who had remained
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  Speaker 1: with their organization were trying to ben the IWW to
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  Speaker 1: their purpose, and a slight effort was made to relegate
• 10:53
  Speaker 1: the politician to the rear. The fourth convention resulted in
• 10:57
  Speaker 1: a rupture between the politicians and then the industrial unionists,
• 11:01
  Speaker 1: because the former were not allowed to control the organization.
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  Speaker 1: The preamble was amended as follows, IWW Preamble. The working
• 11:12
  Speaker 1: class and the employing class have nothing in common. There
• 11:16
  Speaker 1: can be no peace so long as hunger and want
• 11:19
  Speaker 1: are found among millions of working people and the few
• 11:22
  Speaker 1: who make up the employing class of all the good
• 11:25
  Speaker 1: things in life. Between these two classes, a struggle must
• 11:29
  Speaker 1: go on until the workers of the world organize as
• 11:32
  Speaker 1: a class, take possession of the earth in the machinery
• 11:36
  Speaker 1: of production, and abolish the wage system. We find that
• 11:41
  Speaker 1: the centering of management of the industries into fewer and
• 11:44
  Speaker 1: fewer hands makes the trade unions unable to cope with
• 11:48
  Speaker 1: the ever growing power of the employing class. The trade
• 11:52
  Speaker 1: unions foster a state of affairs which allows one set
• 11:55
  Speaker 1: of workers to be pitted against another set of workers
• 11:59
  Speaker 1: in the same india, thereby helping defeat one another in
• 12:02
  Speaker 1: wage wars. Moreover, the trade unions aid the employing class
• 12:07
  Speaker 1: to mislead the workers into the belief that the working
• 12:10
  Speaker 1: class have interests in common with the employers. These conditions
• 12:15
  Speaker 1: can be changed, and the interests of the working class upheld,
• 12:18
  Speaker 1: only by an organization formed in such a way that
• 12:22
  Speaker 1: all its members in any one industry, or in all industries,
• 12:26
  Speaker 1: if necessary, cease work whenever a strike or lockout is
• 12:30
  Speaker 1: on in any department thereof, thus making an injury to
• 12:34
  Speaker 1: one an injury to all. Instead of the conservative motto
• 12:39
  Speaker 1: a fair day's wage for a fair day's work, we
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  Speaker 1: must inscribe on our banner the revolutionary watchword abolition of
• 12:47
  Speaker 1: the wage system. It is the historic mission of the
• 12:51
  Speaker 1: working class to do away with capitalism. The army of
• 12:55
  Speaker 1: production must be organized not only for the every day's
• 12:59
  Speaker 1: struggle with capitalists, but also to carry on production when
• 13:03
  Speaker 1: capitalism shall have been overthrown. By organising industrially, we are
• 13:08
  Speaker 1: forming the structure of the new society within the shell
• 13:11
  Speaker 1: of the old. The politicians attempted to set up another organization,
• 13:17
  Speaker 1: claiming to be the real industrial movement. It is nothing
• 13:20
  Speaker 1: but a duplicate of their political party and never functions
• 13:24
  Speaker 1: as a labour organization. It is committed to a program
• 13:28
  Speaker 1: of the civilized plane, i e. Parliamentarism. Its publications are
• 13:33
  Speaker 1: the official organs of a political sect that never misses
• 13:36
  Speaker 1: an opportunity to assail the revolutionary workers while they are
• 13:40
  Speaker 1: engaged in combat with some division of the ruling class.
• 13:44
  Speaker 1: Their favorite method is to charge the revolutionists with all
• 13:48
  Speaker 1: the crimes that a cowardly imagination can conjure into being dynamiters, assassins, thugs, murderers, thieves, etc.
• 13:58
  Speaker 1: Are stock phrases. Following the victory of the Lawrence Textile Workers,
• 14:03
  Speaker 1: the SLP politicians renewed their efforts to pose as the IWW.
• 14:08
  Speaker 1: By representing that they were the IWW and the only IWW,
• 14:13
  Speaker 1: they were enabled to deceive several thousand textile workers in Patterson, Passaic, Hackensack,
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  Speaker 1: Stirling Summit, Hoboken, Newer New Jersey, and Astoria, Long Island,
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  Speaker 1: and collect from them initiation fees and dues. In every instance,
• 14:31
  Speaker 1: these political fakers betrayed the workers into the hands of
• 14:34
  Speaker 1: the mill owners, and the efforts of the workers to
• 14:37
  Speaker 1: better their conditions resulted in defeat. At Patterson and Passaic,
• 14:42
  Speaker 1: the SLP entered into an alliance with the police to
• 14:45
  Speaker 1: prevent the organizers of the IWW from exposing them to
• 14:49
  Speaker 1: the workers. Their own actions, however, resulted in exposing them
• 14:54
  Speaker 1: to the workers in their true colors, and today they
• 14:57
  Speaker 1: are thoroughly discredited with the workers throughout the that district.
• 15:01
  Speaker 1: For a time, the other wing of the political movement
• 15:04
  Speaker 1: contented itself with spreading its venom in secret. Since the
• 15:07
  Speaker 1: conclusion of the Lawrence strike, the publications of the Socialist
• 15:11
  Speaker 1: Party with a very few exceptions have never failed to
• 15:14
  Speaker 1: use their columns to misrepresent and slander the organization and
• 15:18
  Speaker 1: its active membership. Their attacks have extended to members of
• 15:22
  Speaker 1: their own party who happen to be active members or
• 15:25
  Speaker 1: supporters of the IWW. Structure of the IWW, basing its
• 15:33
  Speaker 1: conclusions upon the experience of the past, the IWW holds
• 15:37
  Speaker 1: that it is essential to have the form and structure
• 15:40
  Speaker 1: of the organization conform to the development of the machinery
• 15:43
  Speaker 1: of production and the process of concentration going on an
• 15:46
  Speaker 1: industry in order to facilitate the growth of solidarity on
• 15:49
  Speaker 1: class lines among the workers. Unless the structure of the
• 15:53
  Speaker 1: organization keeps step with the development of industry, it will
• 15:56
  Speaker 1: be impossible to secure the solidarity so necessary success in
• 16:00
  Speaker 1: the struggles with the employing class. Out of date forms
• 16:04
  Speaker 1: of organization with their corresponding obsolete methods and rules will
• 16:08
  Speaker 1: have to be broken down. To do this in time
• 16:11
  Speaker 1: of a struggle means confusion and chaos that result in defeat.
• 16:15
  Speaker 1: The IWW holds that, regardless of the bravery and spirit
• 16:19
  Speaker 1: the workers may show, if they are compelled to fight
• 16:22
  Speaker 1: with old methods and out of date forms of organization
• 16:25
  Speaker 1: against the modern organization of the employing class. There can
• 16:29
  Speaker 1: be but one outcome to any struggle waged under these
• 16:33
  Speaker 1: conditions defeat. The IWW recognizes the need of working class
• 16:38
  Speaker 1: solidarity to achieve this. It proposes the recognition of the
• 16:43
  Speaker 1: class struggle as the basic principle of the organization, and
• 16:47
  Speaker 1: declares its purpose to be the fighting of that struggle
• 16:50
  Speaker 1: until the working class is in control of the administration
• 16:53
  Speaker 1: of industry. In its basic principle, the IWW calls forth
• 16:58
  Speaker 1: that spirit of revolt and resist that is so necessary
• 17:02
  Speaker 1: a part of the equipment of any organization of the
• 17:04
  Speaker 1: workers in their struggle for economic independence. In a word,
• 17:08
  Speaker 1: its basic principle makes the IWW a fighting organization. It
• 17:13
  Speaker 1: commits the union to an unceasing struggle against the private
• 17:17
  Speaker 1: ownership and control of industry. There is but one bargain
• 17:21
  Speaker 1: that the IWW will make with the employing class complete
• 17:25
  Speaker 1: surrender of all control of industry to the organized workers.
• 17:31
  Speaker 1: The experience of the past has proven the mass form
• 17:34
  Speaker 1: of organization, such as that of the Knights of Labour,
• 17:37
  Speaker 1: to be as powerless and unwieldy as a mob. The
• 17:40
  Speaker 1: craft forms of union, with its principle of trade autonomy
• 17:44
  Speaker 1: and harmony of interest with the boss has also been
• 17:47
  Speaker 1: proven a failure. It has not furnished an effective weapon
• 17:50
  Speaker 1: to the working class. True, it has been able to
• 17:54
  Speaker 1: get for the skilled mechanics improve conditions, but due to
• 17:57
  Speaker 1: the narrow structure of the craft organization, class interests has
• 18:01
  Speaker 1: long since been lost sight of and craft interest alone
• 18:04
  Speaker 1: governs the action of its membership. In the last analysis,
• 18:09
  Speaker 1: the craft union has only been able to get advances
• 18:11
  Speaker 1: for its membership at the expense of the great mass
• 18:14
  Speaker 1: of the working class by entering into a contract with
• 18:17
  Speaker 1: the employing class. To stand aloof from the balance of
• 18:20
  Speaker 1: the working class and its struggles, they have become allies
• 18:24
  Speaker 1: of the employers to keep in subjection the vast majority
• 18:27
  Speaker 1: of the workers. The IWW denies of the craft union
• 18:31
  Speaker 1: movement is a labor movement. We deny that it can
• 18:35
  Speaker 1: or will become a labor movement today in the United States,
• 18:40
  Speaker 1: in all of the basic large industries, whenever any portion
• 18:44
  Speaker 1: of the workers strive for better conditions, they enter into
• 18:47
  Speaker 1: a conflict with the employing class as a whole. The
• 18:51
  Speaker 1: expense of a strike is borne by the organized employers,
• 18:54
  Speaker 1: who have reached the point that regardless of what conditions
• 18:58
  Speaker 1: may still remain. They unite to keep the workers in
• 19:01
  Speaker 1: subjection because of the common interest all have in securing
• 19:06
  Speaker 1: cheap labor power. To meet this condition, The Industrial Workers
• 19:11
  Speaker 1: of the World proposes general outline one. The unit of
• 19:18
  Speaker 1: organization is the industrial union, branches according to the requirements
• 19:22
  Speaker 1: of the particular industry. In some instances, the industrial union
• 19:26
  Speaker 1: may embrace all the workers of a given industry, while
• 19:29
  Speaker 1: another industry, several industrial unions with distinct jurisdictions may be
• 19:32
  Speaker 1: necessary to cover the situation, as for instance, in the
• 19:36
  Speaker 1: industry of marine transportation, one union on the Great Lakes,
• 19:40
  Speaker 1: one on the Atlantic and Gulf Seaboard, one in the
• 19:43
  Speaker 1: Pacific Coast, one in the Mississippi River System, each being
• 19:47
  Speaker 1: branched to meet the special requirements of the particular situation. Two.
• 19:52
  Speaker 1: Industrial unions of closely allied industries are combined into departmental organizations.
• 19:58
  Speaker 1: For example, the Marine Transport Workers industrial union referred to
• 20:02
  Speaker 1: above would be united with railway or steam transportation industrial unions,
• 20:07
  Speaker 1: municipal transportation industrial unions, motor truck transporters, and aviators unions
• 20:14
  Speaker 1: into the Department of Transportation and Communication. Three, the industrial
• 20:19
  Speaker 1: departments are combined into the general Organization, which in turn
• 20:23
  Speaker 1: is to be an integral part of a like international organization,
• 20:27
  Speaker 1: and through the international organization, establish solidarity and cooperation between
• 20:32
  Speaker 1: the workers of all countries component parts of the organization.
• 20:38
  Speaker 1: Taking into consideration the technical differences that exist within the
• 20:41
  Speaker 1: different departments of the industries and conditions existing where large
• 20:44
  Speaker 1: numbers of workers are employed, the Industrial Union is branched
• 20:48
  Speaker 1: whenever necessary, if the union includes all the workers in
• 20:52
  Speaker 1: a given industry or a distinct jurisdiction Within an industry,
• 20:56
  Speaker 1: industrial branches of the union are established in the centre's
• 20:59
  Speaker 1: most can venient for the workers. These industrial branches are
• 21:03
  Speaker 1: further subdivided into one shop sections, so that the workers
• 21:08
  Speaker 1: of each shop control the conditions that directly affect them,
• 21:12
  Speaker 1: two language sections, so that the workers can conduct the
• 21:15
  Speaker 1: affairs of the organization and the language with which they
• 21:18
  Speaker 1: are the most familiar. Three. In those large industries which
• 21:23
  Speaker 1: are operated by departments, department subdivisions are formed to systematize
• 21:27
  Speaker 1: and simplify the business of the organization. Four. When an
• 21:31
  Speaker 1: industry covers a large local area or is the principal
• 21:34
  Speaker 1: industry of a city district, subdivisions are formed to enable
• 21:38
  Speaker 1: the workers to attend union meetings without traveling too grade
• 21:41
  Speaker 1: a distance. Five. In order that every given industrial district
• 21:45
  Speaker 1: shall have complete industrial solidarity among the workers in all industries,
• 21:50
  Speaker 1: as well as among the workers of each industry, an
• 21:53
  Speaker 1: industrial district council is formed by delegates elected from all
• 21:57
  Speaker 1: the industrial unions and industrial branches operating in that district,
• 22:02
  Speaker 1: and through this council, concerted action is maintained throughout the district.
• 22:07
  Speaker 1: Functions of the local sections and subdivisions, shop and language
• 22:12
  Speaker 1: sections and department and district subdivisions deal with the employer
• 22:15
  Speaker 1: only through the industrial branch or the industrial union. Thus,
• 22:19
  Speaker 1: while the workers in each section determine the conditions that
• 22:22
  Speaker 1: directly affect them, they act in concert with all the
• 22:25
  Speaker 1: workers of the industry through the industrial branch and the union.
• 22:28
  Speaker 1: As the knowledge of the English language becomes more general,
• 22:31
  Speaker 1: the language branches will disappear. The development of machine production
• 22:36
  Speaker 1: will also gradually eliminate the branches based on technical knowledge
• 22:39
  Speaker 1: or skill. The constant development and concentration of the ownership
• 22:43
  Speaker 1: and control of industry will be met by a like
• 22:46
  Speaker 1: concentration of the number of industrial unions and industrial departments.
• 22:50
  Speaker 1: It is meant that the organization at all times, shall
• 22:53
  Speaker 1: conform to the needs of the hour, and eventually furnish
• 22:56
  Speaker 1: the medium through which and by which the organized workers
• 23:00
  Speaker 1: will be able to determine the amount of food, clothing, shelter, education,
• 23:05
  Speaker 1: and amusement necessary to satisfy the wants of the workers.
• 23:10
  Speaker 1: Administration of the organizations. Industrial unions have full charge of
• 23:15
  Speaker 1: their own affairs, elect their own officers, determine their pay
• 23:19
  Speaker 1: and also the amount of dues collected by the union
• 23:21
  Speaker 1: from the membership. The general organization, however, does not allow
• 23:25
  Speaker 1: any union to charge over one dollar per month dues
• 23:28
  Speaker 1: or five dollars initiation fee. Each industrial branch of an
• 23:33
  Speaker 1: industrial union elexa delegate or delegates to the Executive Committee
• 23:36
  Speaker 1: of the industrial union. This executive committee is the administrative
• 23:39
  Speaker 1: body of the industrial union. Officers of the industrial branches
• 23:43
  Speaker 1: consist of Secretary, Treasurer, Chairman, and trustees. Officers of the
• 23:48
  Speaker 1: industrial union consist of secretary and Treasurer, Chairman, and executive Committee.
• 23:54
  Speaker 1: Each industrial union and industrial branch within a given district
• 23:57
  Speaker 1: ALEXA delegate or delegates to the district Council. The district
• 24:01
  Speaker 1: council has as officers a secretary, Treasurer and trustees. The
• 24:05
  Speaker 1: officers of the district council are elected by the delegates thereof.
• 24:09
  Speaker 1: All officers and local bodies except those of district council,
• 24:12
  Speaker 1: are elected by ballot of all the membership involved. Proportional
• 24:17
  Speaker 1: representation does not prevail in the delegation of the branches
• 24:20
  Speaker 1: and to district councils. Each branch and local has the
• 24:24
  Speaker 1: same number of delegates. Each delegate casts one vote. Industrial
• 24:30
  Speaker 1: unions hold annual conventions. Delegates from each branch of the
• 24:33
  Speaker 1: union cast a vote based upon the membership of the
• 24:36
  Speaker 1: industrial branch that they represent. The industrial union nominates the
• 24:40
  Speaker 1: candidates for officers of the convention, and the three nominees
• 24:43
  Speaker 1: receiving the highest votes of the convention are sent to
• 24:45
  Speaker 1: all the membership to be voted upon in selecting the officers.
• 24:50
  Speaker 1: The officers of the industrial union consist of Secretary and
• 24:52
  Speaker 1: Treasurer and Executive Committee. Each industrial union elects delegates to
• 24:57
  Speaker 1: the department to which it belongs. The The same procedure
• 25:00
  Speaker 1: is followed in electing delegates as an electing officers. Industrial
• 25:05
  Speaker 1: departments hold conventions and nominate the delegates that are elected
• 25:08
  Speaker 1: to the general Convention. Delegates to the General convention nominate
• 25:12
  Speaker 1: candidates for the officers of the general organization. These general
• 25:16
  Speaker 1: officers are elected by the vote of the entire organization.
• 25:20
  Speaker 1: The General Executive Board is composed of one member from
• 25:23
  Speaker 1: each industrial department and is selected by the membership of
• 25:27
  Speaker 1: that department. General conventions are held annually at present, the
• 25:32
  Speaker 1: rule in determining the wages of the officers of all
• 25:34
  Speaker 1: parts of the organization is to pay the officers who
• 25:37
  Speaker 1: are needed approximately the same wages they would receive when
• 25:40
  Speaker 1: employed in the industry in which they work. IWW tactics
• 25:46
  Speaker 1: or methods. As a revolutionary organization, the industrial workers of
• 25:52
  Speaker 1: the world aim to use tactics that will get the
• 25:55
  Speaker 1: results sought with the least expenditure of time and energy.
• 25:59
  Speaker 1: The tactic used are determined by the power of the
• 26:02
  Speaker 1: organization to make good in their use. No terms made
• 26:06
  Speaker 1: with an employer are final. All peace so long as
• 26:10
  Speaker 1: the wage system lasts, is only a truce at any
• 26:14
  Speaker 1: favorable opportunity. The struggle for more control of industry is
• 26:18
  Speaker 1: renewed as the organization gains control in the industries, and
• 26:23
  Speaker 1: the knowledge among the workers of their power, when properly
• 26:26
  Speaker 1: applied within the industries, becomes more general, the long drawn
• 26:31
  Speaker 1: out strike will become a relic of the past. A
• 26:34
  Speaker 1: long drawn out strike implies insufficient organization, or that the
• 26:39
  Speaker 1: strike has occurred at a time when the employer can
• 26:42
  Speaker 1: best afford to shut down, or both. Under all ordinary circumstances,
• 26:48
  Speaker 1: a strike that is not one in four to six
• 26:50
  Speaker 1: weeks cannot be won by remaining out longer. In trustified industries,
• 26:55
  Speaker 1: the employer can better afford to fight one strike that
• 26:58
  Speaker 1: lasts six months than he can six strikes that take
• 27:02
  Speaker 1: place in that period. No part of the organization is
• 27:05
  Speaker 1: allowed to enter into time contracts with the employer. Where
• 27:09
  Speaker 1: strikes are used, it aims to paralyze all branches of
• 27:13
  Speaker 1: the industry involved. When the employers can least afford a
• 27:17
  Speaker 1: cessation of work during the busy season and when there
• 27:21
  Speaker 1: are rush orders to be filled. The Industrial Workers of
• 27:25
  Speaker 1: the World maintains that nothing will be conceded by the
• 27:28
  Speaker 1: employers except that which we have the power to take
• 27:32
  Speaker 1: and hold by the strength of our organization. Therefore, we
• 27:37
  Speaker 1: seek no agreements with the employers. Failing to force concessions
• 27:42
  Speaker 1: from the employers by the strike, work is resumed and
• 27:45
  Speaker 1: a more favorable time awaited to force the employers to
• 27:49
  Speaker 1: concede the demands of the workers. The great progress made
• 27:53
  Speaker 1: in machine production results in an ever increasing army of unemployed.
• 27:58
  Speaker 1: To counteract this, the Industry Workers of the World aims
• 28:01
  Speaker 1: to establish the shorter work day and to slow up
• 28:04
  Speaker 1: the working pace, thus compelling the employment of more and
• 28:08
  Speaker 1: more workers. To facilitate the work of organization, Large initiation
• 28:14
  Speaker 1: fees and dues are prohibited by the IWW. During strikes,
• 28:18
  Speaker 1: the works are closely picketed and every effort made to
• 28:22
  Speaker 1: persuade workers from taking the place of the strikers. All
• 28:25
  Speaker 1: supplies are cut off from strike bound shops. All shipments
• 28:30
  Speaker 1: are refused wherever possible, strike breakers are also isolated. Illegal
• 28:36
  Speaker 1: interference by the government is resented by open violation of
• 28:40
  Speaker 1: the government's orders going to jail in mass, causing expense
• 28:45
  Speaker 1: to the taxpayers, which is but another name for the
• 28:48
  Speaker 1: employing class. In short, the IWW advocates the use of
• 28:53
  Speaker 1: militant tactics to the full extent of its power to
• 28:57
  Speaker 1: make good. At the present time, the organization has nineteen publications,
• 29:04
  Speaker 1: nine weekly, three bi weekly, four monthly newspapers, three monthly
• 29:09
  Speaker 1: magazines in the following languages. Newspapers, four English, two Jewish,
• 29:15
  Speaker 1: one each Italian, Russian, Hungarian, Bulgarian, Swedish, Polish, German, Croatian, Lithuanian,
• 29:24
  Speaker 1: Spanish magazines, one English, Russian and Finnish, one Finnish daily paper,
• 29:31
  Speaker 1: and one Finnish monthly advocate the principles set forth in
• 29:34
  Speaker 1: the preamble. The various industrial unions also get out weekly
• 29:39
  Speaker 1: bulletins devoted mainly to job news and activities of interest
• 29:43
  Speaker 1: to their members. The general organization issues leaflets and pamphlets
• 29:47
  Speaker 1: from time to time, and aims to build up and
• 29:49
  Speaker 1: extend educational literature in all languages as fast as the
• 29:53
  Speaker 1: resources of the organization permit. The unions and their industrial
• 29:58
  Speaker 1: branches hold educational mos meetings in halls and on the
• 30:01
  Speaker 1: streets of the industrial centers. Raiding rooms and halls are
• 30:05
  Speaker 1: maintained by all the larger branches. Revolutionary literature is kept
• 30:11
  Speaker 1: on file. Special shop meetings are held in efforts to
• 30:15
  Speaker 1: organize certain industries struggles of the IWW. In nineteen o six,
• 30:23
  Speaker 1: the eight hour day was established for hotel and restaurant
• 30:26
  Speaker 1: workers in Goldfield, Nevada. In the same year, sheet metal
• 30:30
  Speaker 1: workers lost a strike at Youngstown Ohio, due to the
• 30:33
  Speaker 1: American Federation of Labours filling the places of the strikers.
• 30:37
  Speaker 1: In nineteen oh seven, textile workers in Skowhegan, Maine, three
• 30:41
  Speaker 1: thousand strong, struck over the discharge of active workers in
• 30:45
  Speaker 1: the organization. The strike lasted four weeks and resulted in
• 30:49
  Speaker 1: a complete victory for the strikers with improved conditions. John Golden,
• 30:55
  Speaker 1: president of the United Textile Workers af L, attempted to
• 30:59
  Speaker 1: break this strike by furnishing strike breakers. In Portland, Oregon,
• 31:03
  Speaker 1: three thousand saw mill workers were involved in a strike
• 31:06
  Speaker 1: for a nine hour day, an increase of wages from
• 31:10
  Speaker 1: a dollar seventy five to two dollars and fifty cents
• 31:13
  Speaker 1: per day on account of the exceptional demand for labour
• 31:16
  Speaker 1: of all kinds in that section at that time. Most
• 31:19
  Speaker 1: of the strikers secured employment elsewhere, and the strike played
• 31:23
  Speaker 1: out at the end of about six weeks. The sawmill
• 31:26
  Speaker 1: companies were seriously crippled for months and were forced indirectly
• 31:30
  Speaker 1: to raise wages and improve conditions of the employees. This
• 31:34
  Speaker 1: strike gave much impetus to IWW agitation in the western
• 31:38
  Speaker 1: part of the United States. In Bridgeport, Connecticut, twelve hundred
• 31:43
  Speaker 1: two mill workers were involved. This strike was lost through
• 31:47
  Speaker 1: the scapping tactics of the af of L. In the
• 31:51
  Speaker 1: same year, eight hundred silk mill workers engaged in a
• 31:55
  Speaker 1: strike in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. This strike was lost on account
• 31:59
  Speaker 1: of a shutdow due to the Panic of nineteen o
• 32:02
  Speaker 1: seven that occurred shortly after the strike started. From March tenth,
• 32:06
  Speaker 1: nineteen oh seven, until April twenty second, the WFM and
• 32:10
  Speaker 1: the IWW at Goldfield, Nevada, fought for their existence and
• 32:14
  Speaker 1: the conditions that they had established at that place against
• 32:18
  Speaker 1: the combined forces of the mine owners, businessmen and the
• 32:21
  Speaker 1: af of L. This open fight was compromised as a
• 32:26
  Speaker 1: result of the treachery of the WFM general officers. The
• 32:30
  Speaker 1: fight was waged intermittently from April twenty second till September
• 32:34
  Speaker 1: nineteen o seven and resulted in retaining all ground loss
• 32:38
  Speaker 1: through the compromise and in destroying the scab charter issued
• 32:42
  Speaker 1: by the af of L during the fight. This fight
• 32:46
  Speaker 1: cost the employers over one hundred thousand dollars. The strike
• 32:50
  Speaker 1: of the WFM in October nineteen o seven took place
• 32:54
  Speaker 1: during a panic and destroyed the organization's control in that
• 32:57
  Speaker 1: district Under the IWD sway in Goldfield, the minimum wage
• 33:02
  Speaker 1: for all kinds of labor was four dollars and fifty
• 33:05
  Speaker 1: cents per day, and the eight hour day was universal.
• 33:09
  Speaker 1: The highest point of efficiency for any labor organization was
• 33:13
  Speaker 1: reached by the IWW and WFM and Goldfield, Nevada. No
• 33:18
  Speaker 1: committees were ever sent to any employers. The unions adopted
• 33:22
  Speaker 1: wage scales and regulated hours. The secretary posted the same
• 33:27
  Speaker 1: on the bulletin board outside of the union hall, and
• 33:30
  Speaker 1: it was the law the employers were forced to come
• 33:34
  Speaker 1: and see the union's committees. Beginning in July nineteen o nine,
• 33:39
  Speaker 1: at McKees Rocks, Pennsylvania, eight thousand workers of the Press
• 33:42
  Speaker 1: Steel Car Company, embracing sixteen different nationalities, waged the most
• 33:47
  Speaker 1: important struggle that the IWW took part in to that date.
• 33:51
  Speaker 1: The strike lasted eleven weeks. As usual, the employers resorted
• 33:56
  Speaker 1: to the use of the Pennsylvania State Constabulary, known as
• 33:59
  Speaker 1: the American Cossacks, to intimidate the strikers and browpied them
• 34:03
  Speaker 1: back to work. This constabulary is a picked body of
• 34:07
  Speaker 1: armed thugs recruited for their ability to handle firearms. Every
• 34:12
  Speaker 1: strike in Pennsylvania since the institution of the Constabulary has
• 34:16
  Speaker 1: been broken or crippled by them, Men, women and children
• 34:20
  Speaker 1: have been killed and brutally maimed by them with impunity.
• 34:24
  Speaker 1: Their advent upon the scene in mckey's Rocks was marked
• 34:27
  Speaker 1: by the usual campaign of brutality. Finally, one of the
• 34:31
  Speaker 1: Cossacks killed a striker. The strike committee then served notice
• 34:35
  Speaker 1: upon the commander of the Cossacks that for every striker
• 34:38
  Speaker 1: killed or injured by the Cossacks, the life of a
• 34:41
  Speaker 1: Cossack would be extracted in return, and that they were
• 34:45
  Speaker 1: not at all concerned as to which cossack paid the penalty,
• 34:48
  Speaker 1: but that a life for a life would be exacted.
• 34:51
  Speaker 1: The strikers kept their word. On the next assault by
• 34:55
  Speaker 1: the Cossacks, several of the constabulary were killed and a
• 34:58
  Speaker 1: number wounded. The Cossacks were driven from the streets and
• 35:02
  Speaker 1: into the plants of the company. An equal number of
• 35:04
  Speaker 1: Strikers were killed and about fifty wounded in the battle.
• 35:08
  Speaker 1: This ended the killing on both sides. During the remainder
• 35:11
  Speaker 1: of the strike, for the first time in their existence,
• 35:14
  Speaker 1: the Cossacks were tamed. The McKees Rock Strike resulted in
• 35:18
  Speaker 1: a complete victory for the strikers, On November two, nineteen
• 35:23
  Speaker 1: o nine, the city government at Spokane, Washington started to
• 35:27
  Speaker 1: arrest the speakers of the IWW for holding street meetings.
• 35:31
  Speaker 1: The locals at that point decided to fight the city
• 35:34
  Speaker 1: and force it to allow the organization to hold street meetings.
• 35:38
  Speaker 1: The fight lasted up to the first of March following
• 35:41
  Speaker 1: and resulted in compelling the city to pass a law
• 35:44
  Speaker 1: allowing streets speaking. Over five hundred men and women went
• 35:48
  Speaker 1: to jail during the free speech fight. Two hundred went
• 35:52
  Speaker 1: on a hunger strike that lasted from eleven to thirteen
• 35:55
  Speaker 1: days and then went from thirty to forty five days
• 35:58
  Speaker 1: on bread and water bounces of bread per day. Four
• 36:02
  Speaker 1: members lost their lives as a result of the treatment
• 36:05
  Speaker 1: accorded them in this fight. Many more free speech fights
• 36:09
  Speaker 1: have occurred since the one in Spokane, the most notable
• 36:13
  Speaker 1: being at Fresno, California. Here, the authorities, in cahoots with employers,
• 36:18
  Speaker 1: attempted to stop IWW agitation, which was directly toward the
• 36:23
  Speaker 1: organization of the thousands of unskilled workers in the San
• 36:26
  Speaker 1: Joaquin Valley, the fruit belt of California. Street meetings were
• 36:31
  Speaker 1: forbidden in Fresno. The IWW again made use of direct
• 36:36
  Speaker 1: action methods and filled the jails of that city with
• 36:39
  Speaker 1: arrested street speakers. The fight lasted for four months and
• 36:43
  Speaker 1: over one hundred members were in jail four from two
• 36:46
  Speaker 1: to three months. Arrested members refused to hire lawyers and
• 36:51
  Speaker 1: pled their own cases in court or use some member
• 36:54
  Speaker 1: or the organization as their attorney. Finally, the organization outside
• 36:59
  Speaker 1: of Fresno took an energetic hold of the fight and
• 37:02
  Speaker 1: organized a movement to invade California. In accordance with this plan,
• 37:07
  Speaker 1: detachments of free speech fighters started to march on Fresno
• 37:11
  Speaker 1: from Spokane, Portland, Denver, Saint Louis, and other sections, whereupon
• 37:17
  Speaker 1: the Fresno authorities decided that they had enough and surrendered.
• 37:22
  Speaker 1: Freedom of speech was completely re established in Fresno, and
• 37:26
  Speaker 1: the IWW has never since been interfered with. Until the
• 37:29
  Speaker 1: beginning of the war, a four months strike of shoe
• 37:33
  Speaker 1: workers occurred in Brooklyn, New York, in the winter of
• 37:36
  Speaker 1: nineteen eleven. This strike was most stubbornly contested on both
• 37:40
  Speaker 1: sides and resulted in improved conditions for the workers in
• 37:44
  Speaker 1: some of the shops. Some of the strikes of nineteen
• 37:48
  Speaker 1: twelve to nineteen seventeen. Nineteen twelve, Local Union Number ten
• 37:54
  Speaker 1: Electrical Supply Workers, Fremont, Ohio. One strike, thirty men involved
• 38:00
  Speaker 1: lost because of inability to extend the same and shut
• 38:03
  Speaker 1: down the plant. Local Union one sixty one and one
• 38:07
  Speaker 1: sixty nine Textile and Shoe Workers, Haverhill, Massachusetts. Two strikes
• 38:12
  Speaker 1: involving five hundred and seventy two members. Lasted seven weeks altogether,
• 38:16
  Speaker 1: both strikes successful, sixty members arrested and fifteen of them
• 38:20
  Speaker 1: convicted and sentenced to jail for one to four months.
• 38:25
  Speaker 1: Local Union one ninety four Clothing Workers, Seattle, Washington. Ten
• 38:29
  Speaker 1: small strikes lasting from a few hours up to two months.
• 38:33
  Speaker 1: All of the strikes successful except one. Fifteen arrested, one conviction,
• 38:38
  Speaker 1: two members held in jail nine weeks for deportation, finally released.
• 38:43
  Speaker 1: Number of workers involved not specified. Local Union three twenty
• 38:48
  Speaker 1: six Railroad construction Workers Prince Rupert b C. Two strikes,
• 38:53
  Speaker 1: both of which were successful. Two thousand, three hundred and
• 38:57
  Speaker 1: fifty workers involved. Twelve members arrested, all of whom were
• 39:01
  Speaker 1: convicted and sentenced from six months to three years. This
• 39:05
  Speaker 1: local also assisted in winning a strike for unorganized workers
• 39:08
  Speaker 1: at the Shana Crossing Local Union three twenty seven Railroad
• 39:14
  Speaker 1: construction Workers, Lytton, BC. One strike lasting seven months, five
• 39:19
  Speaker 1: thousand involved three hundred members arrested, two hundred convicted and
• 39:24
  Speaker 1: sentenced to from one to six months. This strike was
• 39:28
  Speaker 1: called off by the local union owing to the failure
• 39:31
  Speaker 1: to keep the line tied up. The contractors were forced, however,
• 39:34
  Speaker 1: to improve wages and conditions. National Industrial Union and Forest
• 39:40
  Speaker 1: and Lumber Workers two strikes involving seven local unions and
• 39:44
  Speaker 1: seven thousand workers. One strike lasted two months and the
• 39:48
  Speaker 1: other three weeks. No record of the number of members arrested,
• 39:52
  Speaker 1: but there were several hundred. Three members were convicted and
• 39:55
  Speaker 1: sentenced two from one to three months in jail. The
• 39:59
  Speaker 1: strikes were partially successful in raising wages in the industry,
• 40:03
  Speaker 1: extending the organization of the lumber workers in the southern
• 40:06
  Speaker 1: lumber districts involves a contest with the employing class and
• 40:10
  Speaker 1: a section of the country where the employers have held
• 40:13
  Speaker 1: undisputed sway since the American continent was first settled. Organizers
• 40:18
  Speaker 1: are assaulted and killed by the armed thugs of the
• 40:21
  Speaker 1: industrial lords. The will of the employing class is the
• 40:25
  Speaker 1: law of the land. July seventh, nineteen twelve, a meeting
• 40:31
  Speaker 1: held upon the public road at Grabau, Louisiana, was ambushed
• 40:35
  Speaker 1: by the guards of the Galloway Lumber Company. Three men
• 40:38
  Speaker 1: were killed and forty wounded. Following this attack, A. L. Emerson,
• 40:43
  Speaker 1: the president of the Southern District Organization, and sixty four
• 40:46
  Speaker 1: members were arrested and held for trial upon charges of
• 40:50
  Speaker 1: conspiracy to commit murder. Emerson and nine of the members
• 40:54
  Speaker 1: were tried and acquitted, in spite of the efforts of
• 40:56
  Speaker 1: the mill owners and lumber companies to railroad them to
• 40:59
  Speaker 1: the penitentiary or gallows. All others were discharged from custody
• 41:04
  Speaker 1: without trial. Local Union four thirty six Lowell, Massachusetts, Textile
• 41:11
  Speaker 1: Workers two strikes, one of which resulted in victory and
• 41:15
  Speaker 1: the other was lost. Eighteen thousand involved number arrested in
• 41:20
  Speaker 1: strikes twenty six, all of whom were convicted and sentenced
• 41:24
  Speaker 1: to from one to six weeks in jail. Local Union
• 41:28
  Speaker 1: five fifty seven Piano Workers, Boston, Massachusetts, one strike, two
• 41:33
  Speaker 1: hundred members involved. Strike lasted five weeks and was lost.
• 41:39
  Speaker 1: Local Union twenty Textile Workers, Lawrence, Massachusetts, five strikes involving
• 41:45
  Speaker 1: twenty nine thousand workers. Three hundred and thirty three arrested,
• 41:49
  Speaker 1: three hundred and twenty of whom were convicted and fined
• 41:52
  Speaker 1: from one hundred dollars down and to one year in jail.
• 41:56
  Speaker 1: Most of these cases, however, were settled for a nominal
• 41:59
  Speaker 1: five on appeal to the Highest Court. For an account
• 42:03
  Speaker 1: of the Great Lawrence Strike and of the eder Gia
• 42:06
  Speaker 1: Veniti trial growing out of it, see Trial of a
• 42:08
  Speaker 1: New Society by Justin Ebert. Local one fifty seven Textile Workers,
• 42:14
  Speaker 1: New Bedford, Massachusetts lockout thirteen thousand workers involved, number of
• 42:20
  Speaker 1: arrests not known. The workers in the textile mills of
• 42:23
  Speaker 1: the city of Little Falls, New York, to the number
• 42:26
  Speaker 1: of one thousand, five hundred, most of all of whom
• 42:29
  Speaker 1: were of foreign birth, walked out of the mills, although unorganized,
• 42:33
  Speaker 1: In an effort to better their conditions, they called upon
• 42:36
  Speaker 1: the National Union of Textile Workers for organizers to assist
• 42:39
  Speaker 1: them in their struggle. The National Union responded to the
• 42:42
  Speaker 1: call by sending Ben Lgerry and an Italian fellow worker
• 42:46
  Speaker 1: named Buccini. These two organizers got the unorganized workers together,
• 42:51
  Speaker 1: organized strike committees and a picket line in an endeavour
• 42:54
  Speaker 1: to prevail upon the English speaking workers to join hands
• 42:58
  Speaker 1: with their brother workers of other tongues and forced the
• 43:00
  Speaker 1: bosses to grant the demands. Their efforts were of little avail,
• 43:06
  Speaker 1: but the employers after a few weeks resorted to the
• 43:08
  Speaker 1: time worn practice of using the police to cause riot
• 43:12
  Speaker 1: and disorder. The picket lines were attacked and broken up. Men,
• 43:16
  Speaker 1: women and children were beaten in clubs senseless. The organizers
• 43:20
  Speaker 1: were arrested and charged with being responsible for the police
• 43:24
  Speaker 1: made riots, and Laguerre and Bushini convicted by prejudice juries
• 43:29
  Speaker 1: and sentenced to short terms in prison. After a period
• 43:32
  Speaker 1: of seven weeks, the bosses were forced to make concessions
• 43:36
  Speaker 1: and wages and the strike terminated. No organization remained after
• 43:41
  Speaker 1: the end of the strike. In addition to the above,
• 43:45
  Speaker 1: there were other strikes of smaller size, but the locals
• 43:48
  Speaker 1: and members involved in the same have not furnished the
• 43:50
  Speaker 1: General Office with any information, so we cannot include data
• 43:54
  Speaker 1: concerning them. An estimate of the amount of money expended
• 43:58
  Speaker 1: for relief and other expenses incidents to handling strikes in
• 44:01
  Speaker 1: the year nineteen twelve shows that one hundred and one thousand,
• 44:05
  Speaker 1: five hundred and four dollars and five cents were expended
• 44:08
  Speaker 1: in handling strikes involving a total of seventy five thousand,
• 44:12
  Speaker 1: one hundred and fifty two strikers and their families, lasting
• 44:16
  Speaker 1: over a period of seventy four weeks. In the aggregate,
• 44:19
  Speaker 1: the number arrested during that period totaled one thousand, four
• 44:23
  Speaker 1: hundred and forty six and there were five hundred and
• 44:25
  Speaker 1: seventy seven convictions. Nineteen thirteen strikes in the aftermath of
• 44:31
  Speaker 1: the Lawrence Strike was the trial of Edder Giovanniti and Caruso,
• 44:36
  Speaker 1: who were charged with the murder of a striking girl
• 44:38
  Speaker 1: mill worker killed by the police. The trial was bitterly
• 44:42
  Speaker 1: fought in an effort to railroad these valiant champions of
• 44:45
  Speaker 1: working class freedom to the gallows or the penitentiary. In
• 44:50
  Speaker 1: this instance, however, the employers suffered defeat. The trial resulted
• 44:54
  Speaker 1: in the triumphant acquittal of the fellow workers. As a
• 44:57
  Speaker 1: result of the sawmill owners at Maryville, Louisiana, discharging workers
• 45:01
  Speaker 1: who were witnesses in defense of A. L. Emerson, the
• 45:04
  Speaker 1: local of lumber and mill workers declared a strike to
• 45:07
  Speaker 1: force their company to reinstate these workers. The strike was
• 45:11
  Speaker 1: attended by the usual tactics of the labour hating lumber
• 45:14
  Speaker 1: barons of the South. Mobs of gunmen drove out the
• 45:17
  Speaker 1: strikers and their families. The Commissariat of the Strikers was
• 45:21
  Speaker 1: raided and the union, after a bitter struggle, was entirely destroyed.
• 45:26
  Speaker 1: The workers employed in the tire and rubber goods factories
• 45:29
  Speaker 1: of Arkan, Ohio to the number of twenty two thousand
• 45:33
  Speaker 1: walked out in an effort to secure a readjustment of
• 45:35
  Speaker 1: working conditions and wages to offset losses suffered by them
• 45:39
  Speaker 1: because of new machinery and the efficiency systems installed by
• 45:43
  Speaker 1: the various companies operating in that industry. After a struggle
• 45:47
  Speaker 1: of seven weeks, the strikers were defeated. Following close upon
• 45:51
  Speaker 1: the termination of the Lawrence strikes, the workers of the
• 45:54
  Speaker 1: silk mills of Paterson, New Jersey, Summit, New York, and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,
• 46:00
  Speaker 1: numbering upwards of fifty thousand, came out on strike under
• 46:04
  Speaker 1: the banner of the i w W. The struggle was
• 46:07
  Speaker 1: marked by intense brutality on the part of the police force,
• 46:10
  Speaker 1: especially in the city of Paterson. Every supposed right of
• 46:14
  Speaker 1: the workers was trampled under foot, Halls were denied the workers.
• 46:18
  Speaker 1: The pickets were attacked and arrests made by the hundred.
• 46:22
  Speaker 1: Starvation finally forced the workers to accept a compromise settlement
• 46:26
  Speaker 1: of a nine hour work day and a small increase
• 46:29
  Speaker 1: in wages. In this struggle, as in the Lawrence Strike,
• 46:33
  Speaker 1: the a f of L union, the United Textile Workers
• 46:37
  Speaker 1: of America, through its president John Golden, attempted to serve
• 46:41
  Speaker 1: the silk mill owners. At Detroit, Michigan. Eight thousand employees
• 46:46
  Speaker 1: of the automobile factories came out unorganized in a demand
• 46:50
  Speaker 1: for better wages and working conditions. At the end of
• 46:53
  Speaker 1: a week, the strike was called off and the workers
• 46:56
  Speaker 1: returned to work without gaining any of their demands. The
• 47:00
  Speaker 1: dock workers on the iron Ore docks of Duluth and
• 47:03
  Speaker 1: Superior attempted to form an organization and were forced to
• 47:06
  Speaker 1: strike by the companies, discharging all known members. The strike
• 47:10
  Speaker 1: was lost and the organization broken up. One thousand workers
• 47:15
  Speaker 1: in the machine shops of Toledo, Ohio won their demands
• 47:18
  Speaker 1: after a short strike. The employees of the Avery Agricultural
• 47:23
  Speaker 1: implement Company of Peora, Illinois, numbering five hundred, declared a
• 47:28
  Speaker 1: strike for better wages. After a week the pickets were
• 47:31
  Speaker 1: arrested and the hall of the local closed by the
• 47:34
  Speaker 1: police at the bidding of the employing interests of that city.
• 47:38
  Speaker 1: The strike was lost. The Utah Construction Company, a railroad
• 47:43
  Speaker 1: construction concern financed by Mormon capital engaged in grading out
• 47:48
  Speaker 1: of Tucker Utah, attempted to squeeze heavier profits from the
• 47:51
  Speaker 1: workers employed by them. As a result, the local at
• 47:55
  Speaker 1: Salt Lake City was called upon by the workers involved.
• 47:58
  Speaker 1: A short and bitter strike resulted in gaining better conditions
• 48:01
  Speaker 1: for the workers. No permanent organization resulted from the strike.
• 48:06
  Speaker 1: The great industrial center of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, was the scene
• 48:10
  Speaker 1: of a great many strikes in various industries. The Stogy workers,
• 48:14
  Speaker 1: Oliver Steel plant, aluminum workers, and Frankinsatyr's Department store workers
• 48:19
  Speaker 1: were on strike at various times. No organization resulted from
• 48:23
  Speaker 1: any of these strikes, and little if anything was gained
• 48:26
  Speaker 1: by the workers. Longshore workers of the Philadelphia Waterfront, becoming
• 48:32
  Speaker 1: disgusted with the af of L International, broke away and
• 48:35
  Speaker 1: reorganized themselves as a part of the IWW. After a
• 48:39
  Speaker 1: short strike, the boss Stevadores were compelled to grant the
• 48:42
  Speaker 1: demands of the workers who have maintained shop control on
• 48:45
  Speaker 1: the waterfront since that time. One thousand sugar workers struck
• 48:50
  Speaker 1: for better wages than the sugar plants at Philadelphia, The
• 48:54
  Speaker 1: strike was lost. Philadelphia Stonemasons and Helpers won a short
• 48:59
  Speaker 1: strike as co members of the IWW, but did not
• 49:02
  Speaker 1: maintain the organization. The restaurant workers of that city likewise
• 49:06
  Speaker 1: gained some concessions, but did not preserve their organization. The
• 49:10
  Speaker 1: garment workers of Baltimore lost a fourteen week strike by
• 49:14
  Speaker 1: reason of the a f of l garment workers furnishing
• 49:17
  Speaker 1: strike breakers. The workers of the Draper loom plants at
• 49:21
  Speaker 1: Hopedale and Milford, Massachusetts, rebelled against low wages and long hours,
• 49:26
  Speaker 1: but were defeated in their strike. Textile workers at Ipswich, Massachusetts,
• 49:31
  Speaker 1: struck for an increase in wages and the return of
• 49:34
  Speaker 1: pay deducted by the companies as forfeits for quitting without
• 49:38
  Speaker 1: giving two weeks notice. The strike resulted in an increase
• 49:41
  Speaker 1: in wages from five to fifteen cents and forcing the
• 49:45
  Speaker 1: company to refund sixty thousand dollars. Ten thousand barbers in
• 49:51
  Speaker 1: New York won a strike of short duration. The organization, however,
• 49:55
  Speaker 1: gradually disintegrated and in a short time died out. Riverfront
• 50:00
  Speaker 1: workers of New Orleans fought and lost a bitter fight
• 50:03
  Speaker 1: in that city as a part of the Marine Transport
• 50:05
  Speaker 1: Workers Industrial Union. The lumber workers of Marshfield, Oregon, Missoula, Montana,
• 50:12
  Speaker 1: and the Puget Sound District engaged in strikes, all of
• 50:15
  Speaker 1: which were lost or compromised for lack of organization to
• 50:18
  Speaker 1: coordinate the struggles and extend them throughout the industry. Two thousand,
• 50:24
  Speaker 1: three hundred hot pickers on the Durst Ranch at Wheatland, California,
• 50:28
  Speaker 1: went on strike against the inhuman conditions prevailing there. A
• 50:32
  Speaker 1: riot was precipitated by deputy sheriffs firing into a peaceful
• 50:36
  Speaker 1: body of striking men, women, and children. Several strikers and
• 50:40
  Speaker 1: deputy sheriffs were killed. As a result of this occurrence.
• 50:44
  Speaker 1: Two of the most active strikers, Ford and Sir, were
• 50:47
  Speaker 1: railroaded to the penitentiary for life. The lumber workers of
• 50:51
  Speaker 1: the Gray's Harbor District came out on strike to the
• 50:54
  Speaker 1: number of five thousand or more in an effort to
• 50:57
  Speaker 1: establish an eight hour day and sanitary living conditions in
• 51:01
  Speaker 1: the camps. The strike was unsuccessful in attaining these conditions generally,
• 51:05
  Speaker 1: but some camps improved the housing and boarding conditions as
• 51:08
  Speaker 1: a result of the strike. Nineteen sixteen strikes, the iron
• 51:14
  Speaker 1: ore miners of the Mesaba Iron Range lost a bitter
• 51:18
  Speaker 1: strike marked by the killing and injury of strike pickets
• 51:21
  Speaker 1: and one of the deputy sheriffs by company gunmen. In
• 51:24
  Speaker 1: line with the usual corporate practice and strikes where strikers
• 51:28
  Speaker 1: or others are killed by company gunmen, the organizers and
• 51:32
  Speaker 1: active members in the strike were charged with the crimes
• 51:35
  Speaker 1: committed by gunmen in the employee of the companies. The
• 51:39
  Speaker 1: sugar workers in Philadelphia again lost a bitterly contested strike
• 51:43
  Speaker 1: in which one worker was killed and several injured by
• 51:46
  Speaker 1: police attacks upon the picket lines. A strike of the
• 51:50
  Speaker 1: shingle weavers organized in the a f of L took
• 51:53
  Speaker 1: place at Everett, Washington. The strikers requested the IWW to
• 51:57
  Speaker 1: furnish them with speakers to aid in carerrying on the strikes.
• 52:01
  Speaker 1: Compliance with this request resulted in the authorities attempting to
• 52:05
  Speaker 1: drive all members of the IWW out. The usual vigilante
• 52:09
  Speaker 1: tactics were adopted. Members were arrested by deputy sheriffs on
• 52:13
  Speaker 1: trumped up charges and thrown into jail. At night, they
• 52:17
  Speaker 1: were taken out of the jail by groups of armed
• 52:19
  Speaker 1: deputies turned over to mobs of profiteers to be beaten
• 52:23
  Speaker 1: and shot. In an effort to end this condition of
• 52:26
  Speaker 1: affairs by advertising its existence to the citizens of that section,
• 52:30
  Speaker 1: the IWW decided to hold a mass meeting on the
• 52:33
  Speaker 1: streets of Everett. A boat was chartered and members to
• 52:36
  Speaker 1: its passenger capacity responded to the call. On arrival at Everett,
• 52:41
  Speaker 1: they were met by a drunken sheriff and a posse
• 52:44
  Speaker 1: of gunmen, who opened fire upon the boatload of men
• 52:47
  Speaker 1: and women. Several members were killed and many wounded. Twenty
• 52:52
  Speaker 1: four members were indicted for this crime of a drunken sheriff.
• 52:56
  Speaker 1: The trial which followed resulted in the acquittal a fellow worker,
• 53:00
  Speaker 1: George Tracy. The others who were under indictment were discharged.
• 53:04
  Speaker 1: Neither the sheriff nor any of his deputies were ever
• 53:07
  Speaker 1: called to account for their murderous activities. Nineteen seventeen strikes.
• 53:14
  Speaker 1: The year nineteen seventeen marked the entry of the United
• 53:17
  Speaker 1: States into the World War, and as an inevitable consequence,
• 53:21
  Speaker 1: profiteering became the order of the day. With the master class,
• 53:25
  Speaker 1: prices of the necessity of life soared. Millionaires were made
• 53:29
  Speaker 1: over night, But the lot of the workers in the
• 53:32
  Speaker 1: basic industries, where the workers had little or no organization,
• 53:36
  Speaker 1: became worse and worse. As a result of this condition
• 53:39
  Speaker 1: of affairs, the workers in the great copper and lumbering
• 53:43
  Speaker 1: sections of the Northwest and Southwest began to organize and
• 53:47
  Speaker 1: to demand some share of the fabulous wealth which their
• 53:50
  Speaker 1: labor was creating. Out of this grew the strikes of
• 53:54
  Speaker 1: the copper miners of Bisbee, Jerome, Globe and Miami, Arizona
• 53:59
  Speaker 1: and Butte Monte, and the general strike of the lumberjackson
• 54:03
  Speaker 1: sawmill workers of Washington, Oregon, Idaho, and Montana. The workers
• 54:08
  Speaker 1: in these industries, to the number of thousands, came out
• 54:11
  Speaker 1: to enforce a decent standard of living, a standard compatible
• 54:15
  Speaker 1: with the efforts that they, as workers, were putting forth
• 54:18
  Speaker 1: to help meet the demands that wartime conditions were making
• 54:22
  Speaker 1: upon the industries of the country. But the profiteers and
• 54:26
  Speaker 1: their henchmen were quick to take advantage of wartime conditions
• 54:29
  Speaker 1: and use them in order to protect profits and to
• 54:32
  Speaker 1: keep the workers in subjection. Every attempt on the part
• 54:36
  Speaker 1: of the rebel workers to organize and demand better wages
• 54:39
  Speaker 1: and conditions was met with the charge that it was
• 54:42
  Speaker 1: a pro German plot to hamper the government in its
• 54:45
  Speaker 1: conducting of the war. In Jerome, Arizona, organizers and members
• 54:50
  Speaker 1: of the IWW were deported by Company gunmen under the
• 54:53
  Speaker 1: cloak of patriotism. Company owned sheriff at Bisbee, in command
• 54:57
  Speaker 1: of two thousand, five hundred imported thugs and gunmen deported
• 55:01
  Speaker 1: from their homes one thousand, two hundred strikers and sympathizers
• 55:05
  Speaker 1: after murdering one man who defended his domicile against attack
• 55:09
  Speaker 1: by company thugs. Butte, Montana witnessed the crowning act of
• 55:14
  Speaker 1: infamy perpetrated by the money mad profiteers posing as patriots
• 55:19
  Speaker 1: in the cowardly assassination of executive board member Frank H. Little,
• 55:23
  Speaker 1: who crippled and unable to defend himself, was kidnapped in
• 55:27
  Speaker 1: the dead of night, dragged behind an automobile for miles,
• 55:31
  Speaker 1: and hanged to a railroad trestle. In spite of this
• 55:35
  Speaker 1: reign of terrorism unparalleled in the history of the nation,
• 55:39
  Speaker 1: the lumber workers were successful in establishing the eight hour day,
• 55:43
  Speaker 1: an increase in wages and the installation of sanitary living
• 55:47
  Speaker 1: conditions in the lumber camps of the Northwest. The copper miners,
• 55:52
  Speaker 1: even though their organization was shattered so that its effectiveness
• 55:55
  Speaker 1: has been impaired, forced the wages up and bettered working
• 55:59
  Speaker 1: condition in the hell holes where copper is produced. Failing
• 56:04
  Speaker 1: to destroy the IWW by terroristic methods, the employers next
• 56:08
  Speaker 1: proceeded to use a compliant government in an attempt to
• 56:11
  Speaker 1: destroy the organization. Nationwide raids upon the offices of local
• 56:17
  Speaker 1: and industrial unions and the general offices were staged. Books, papers,
• 56:23
  Speaker 1: literature and supplies of the organizers were illegally seized and
• 56:27
  Speaker 1: in some cases destroyed by government agents. This was followed
• 56:32
  Speaker 1: by a grand jury in the city of Chicago returning
• 56:35
  Speaker 1: an indictment against one hundred sixty six officials and members,
• 56:39
  Speaker 1: charging them with conspiracy and sedition. In a mock trial
• 56:43
  Speaker 1: that followed before a corporation known judge who cloaked his
• 56:47
  Speaker 1: fealty to the profiteers with a veneer of patriotism, a
• 56:51
  Speaker 1: jury hand picked by the APL American profiteers legionnaires returned
• 56:57
  Speaker 1: a verdict of guilty against ninety eight of the defendants,
• 57:00
  Speaker 1: ninety three of whom were sentenced to terms in the
• 57:02
  Speaker 1: penitentiary ranging from one to twenty years. But in spite
• 57:07
  Speaker 1: of all, the i w W still lives and is
• 57:11
  Speaker 1: slowly but surely building up the organization that will strike
• 57:15
  Speaker 1: the shackles of wage slavery from the limbs of the
• 57:18
  Speaker 1: world's workers and make this earth a fit place for
• 57:22
  Speaker 1: free men and women to inhabit. Free speech fights San Diego, California,
• 57:30
  Speaker 1: was the scene of a bitter and brutal fight for
• 57:33
  Speaker 1: free speech participated in by the i w W and
• 57:36
  Speaker 1: Socialist Party local. The fight cost two members of the
• 57:39
  Speaker 1: i w W their lives as a result of police brutality.
• 57:44
  Speaker 1: The struggle was lost. Free speech fights in Denver, Sioux City,
• 57:49
  Speaker 1: Kansas City, Omaha, and des Moyne resulted in preserving that
• 57:52
  Speaker 1: supposed right to the workers at these points. End of
• 57:58
  Speaker 1: Part one the iww its History, structure and Methods by
• 58:13
  Speaker 1: Vincent Saint John. Part two. This LibriVox recording is in
• 58:17
  Speaker 1: the public domain. The IWW at present the organization to
• 58:24
  Speaker 1: date October first, nineteen nineteen, consists of seventeen industrial unions
• 58:29
  Speaker 1: with branches lumber workers, Metal and coal miners, agricultural and
• 58:33
  Speaker 1: oil workers, construction workers, marine transport workers, railroad workers, metal
• 58:39
  Speaker 1: and machinery workers, textile workers, shipbuilding workers, hotel, restaurant and
• 58:44
  Speaker 1: domestic workers, bakery workers, furniture workers, leather workers, printing and
• 58:49
  Speaker 1: publishing workers, rubber workers, food production workers, general distribution workers,
• 58:56
  Speaker 1: and sixty recruiting union branches directly united with the general organization.
• 59:03
  Speaker 1: The membership today consists very largely of unskilled workers. The
• 59:07
  Speaker 1: bulk of the present membership is in the following industries textile, steel, lumber, mining, farming, railroad, construction,
• 59:16
  Speaker 1: and marine transportation. The majority of the workers in these industries,
• 59:20
  Speaker 1: except the textile, travel from place to place following the
• 59:24
  Speaker 1: different seasons of work. They are therefore out of touch
• 59:27
  Speaker 1: with the organization for months at a period. The paid
• 59:29
  Speaker 1: up membership of the organization at this time is one
• 59:32
  Speaker 1: hundred thousand due to the causes referred to above. This
• 59:35
  Speaker 1: is all the membership that keeps paid up on the
• 59:38
  Speaker 1: books at all times. The General Office, however, has issued
• 59:42
  Speaker 1: five hundred thousand cards, which is about the number of
• 59:45
  Speaker 1: workers that are in the organization in good and bad standing.
• 59:49
  Speaker 1: The general practice of exaggerating the membership of the organization
• 59:53
  Speaker 1: is looked upon with disfavor in the IWW. As the
• 59:56
  Speaker 1: organization aims to have the membership at all times look
• 59:59
  Speaker 1: at all questions that affect their interest in their actual state.
• 1:00:04
  Speaker 1: It is absolutely necessary that they do so if they
• 1:00:07
  Speaker 1: are to be able to judge their strength and their
• 1:00:10
  Speaker 1: ability to accomplish any proposed undertaking. As will be seen,
• 1:00:14
  Speaker 1: the organization in the past has had a continual struggle,
• 1:00:17
  Speaker 1: not the least of which has been the internal strife
• 1:00:20
  Speaker 1: engendered by conflicting elements, whose activity spraying from many different motives.
• 1:00:25
  Speaker 1: The future of the organization will be one of greater struggles.
• 1:00:29
  Speaker 1: We would not have it otherwise. The internal strife will
• 1:00:32
  Speaker 1: no doubt be present in the future. As in the past,
• 1:00:36
  Speaker 1: the employing class are fully aware that the most effective
• 1:00:39
  Speaker 1: way of lessening the power of the revolutionary labor organization
• 1:00:43
  Speaker 1: is to keep it busy with internal wrangles. As the
• 1:00:47
  Speaker 1: membership gain experience from actual contact with the problems of
• 1:00:50
  Speaker 1: their class, they will learn to know each other and
• 1:00:54
  Speaker 1: the internal wrangles will disappear. Then this weapon in the
• 1:00:58
  Speaker 1: hands of the employers will become useless because the membership
• 1:01:02
  Speaker 1: will refused to be divided. Where their class interests are involved.
• 1:01:07
  Speaker 1: The future belongs to the IWW. The day of the
• 1:01:11
  Speaker 1: skilled worker is pasted. Machine production has made the unskilled
• 1:01:15
  Speaker 1: worker the main factor in industry. Under modern industrial condition,
• 1:01:19
  Speaker 1: the workers can no longer act in small groups with
• 1:01:22
  Speaker 1: any chance of success. They must organize and act as
• 1:01:27
  Speaker 1: a class. We are looking forward to the time when
• 1:01:30
  Speaker 1: the organized proletariat will meet in their union the world
• 1:01:33
  Speaker 1: over and decide how long they will work and how
• 1:01:37
  Speaker 1: much of the wealth they produce they will give to
• 1:01:39
  Speaker 1: the boss. Industrial Union Manifesto issued by Conference of Industrial
• 1:01:46
  Speaker 1: Unionists at Chicago, January two, three and four, nineteen o five.
• 1:01:51
  Speaker 1: Social relations and groupings only reflect mechanical and industrial conditions.
• 1:01:57
  Speaker 1: The great facts of present industry are the displacement of
• 1:02:00
  Speaker 1: human skill by machines and the increase of capital power
• 1:02:03
  Speaker 1: through concentration and the possession of the tools with which
• 1:02:07
  Speaker 1: wealth is produced and distributed. Because of these facts, trade
• 1:02:11
  Speaker 1: division among labours and competition among capitalists are alike disappearing.
• 1:02:16
  Speaker 1: Class divisions grow ever more fixed, and class antagonisms more sharp.
• 1:02:21
  Speaker 1: Trade lines have been swallowed up in a common servitude
• 1:02:24
  Speaker 1: of all workers to the machines which they tend. New machines,
• 1:02:29
  Speaker 1: ever replacing less productive ones, wipe out whole trades and
• 1:02:33
  Speaker 1: plunge new bodies of workers into the ever growing army
• 1:02:36
  Speaker 1: of tradeless, hopeless unemployed. As human beings and human skills
• 1:02:41
  Speaker 1: are displaced by mechanical progress, the capitalists need use the
• 1:02:45
  Speaker 1: workers only during that brief period when muscles and nerve
• 1:02:48
  Speaker 1: respond most intensely. The moment the labourer no longer yields
• 1:02:53
  Speaker 1: the maximum of profits, he is thrown upon the scrap
• 1:02:56
  Speaker 1: pile to starve alongside the discarded machine. A dead line
• 1:03:02
  Speaker 1: has been drawn and an age limit established to cross,
• 1:03:05
  Speaker 1: which in this world of monopolized opportunities, means condemnation to
• 1:03:10
  Speaker 1: industrial death. The worker, wholly separated from the land and
• 1:03:14
  Speaker 1: the tools, with his skills of craftsmanship rendered useless, is
• 1:03:19
  Speaker 1: sunk in a uniform mass of wage slaves. He sees
• 1:03:23
  Speaker 1: his power of resistance broken by class divisions perpetuated from
• 1:03:27
  Speaker 1: outgrown industrial stages. His wages constantly grow less as his
• 1:03:32
  Speaker 1: hours grow longer, and monopolized prices grow higher. Shifted hither
• 1:03:38
  Speaker 1: and thither by the demands of profit takers, the labourer's
• 1:03:41
  Speaker 1: home no longer exists in this helpless condition, he is
• 1:03:44
  Speaker 1: forced to accept whatever humiliating conditions his master may impose.
• 1:03:50
  Speaker 1: He is submitted to a physical and intellectual examination more
• 1:03:54
  Speaker 1: searching than was the chattel slave. When sold from the
• 1:03:57
  Speaker 1: auction block, labs are no longer classified by difference in
• 1:04:02
  Speaker 1: trade skill, but the employer assigns them according to the
• 1:04:06
  Speaker 1: machines to which they are attached. These divisions, far from
• 1:04:11
  Speaker 1: representing differences in skill or interest among the laborers, are
• 1:04:14
  Speaker 1: imposed by the employer that workers may be pitted against
• 1:04:18
  Speaker 1: one another and spurred to greater exertion in the shop,
• 1:04:22
  Speaker 1: and that all resistance to capitalist tyranny may be weakened
• 1:04:25
  Speaker 1: by artificial distinctions. While encouraging these outgrown divisions among the workers,
• 1:04:31
  Speaker 1: the capitalists carefully adjust themselves to the new conditions. They
• 1:04:35
  Speaker 1: wipe out all differences among themselves and present a unified
• 1:04:39
  Speaker 1: front in their war upon labor. Through employers associations. They
• 1:04:44
  Speaker 1: seek to crush with brutal force, by the injunctions of
• 1:04:47
  Speaker 1: the judiciary and the use of military power, all efforts
• 1:04:52
  Speaker 1: at resistance or, when the other policy seems more profitable.
• 1:04:56
  Speaker 1: They conceal their daggers beneath the civic federation and hoodw
• 1:05:00
  Speaker 1: and betray those whom they would rule and exploit. Both
• 1:05:04
  Speaker 1: methods depend for success upon the blindness and internal dissensions
• 1:05:09
  Speaker 1: of the working class. The employer's line of battle and
• 1:05:12
  Speaker 1: methods of warfare correspond to the solidarity of the mechanical
• 1:05:16
  Speaker 1: and industrial concentration, while laborers still form their fighting organizations
• 1:05:22
  Speaker 1: on lines of long gone trade divisions. The battles of
• 1:05:26
  Speaker 1: the past emphasize this lesson the textile workers of Lowell, Philadelphia,
• 1:05:31
  Speaker 1: and Fall River. The butchers of Chicago, weakened by the
• 1:05:34
  Speaker 1: disintegration effects of trade divisions, The machinists on the Santa Fe,
• 1:05:39
  Speaker 1: unsupported by their fellow workers subject to the same masters,
• 1:05:43
  Speaker 1: the long struggling miners of Colorado, hampered by lack of
• 1:05:47
  Speaker 1: unity and solidarity upon the industrial battlefield, all bear witness
• 1:05:52
  Speaker 1: to the helplessness and impotency of labor as at present organized.
• 1:05:56
  Speaker 1: This worn out and corrupt system offers no promise of
• 1:06:00
  Speaker 1: provement and adaptation. There is no silver lining to the
• 1:06:03
  Speaker 1: clouds of darkness and despair settling down upon the world
• 1:06:06
  Speaker 1: of labor. This system offers only a perpetual struggle for
• 1:06:10
  Speaker 1: slight relief from wage slavery, it is blind to the
• 1:06:13
  Speaker 1: possibility of establishing an industrial democracy, wherein there shall be
• 1:06:17
  Speaker 1: no wage slavery, but where the workers will own the
• 1:06:20
  Speaker 1: tools and the product of which they alone should enjoy.
• 1:06:24
  Speaker 1: It shatters the ranks of workers into fragments, rendering them
• 1:06:28
  Speaker 1: helpless and impotent on the industrial battlefield. Separation of craft
• 1:06:32
  Speaker 1: from craft renders industrial and financial solidarity impossible. Union men
• 1:06:38
  Speaker 1: scab upon union men. Hatred of worker for worker is engendered,
• 1:06:42
  Speaker 1: and the workers are delivered helpless and disintegrated into the
• 1:06:45
  Speaker 1: hands of the capitalists. Craft jealousy leads to the attempt
• 1:06:49
  Speaker 1: to create trade monopolies. Prohibitive initiation fees are established that
• 1:06:54
  Speaker 1: force men to become scabs against their will. Men whom
• 1:06:58
  Speaker 1: manliness or circumstances have driven from one trade are therefore
• 1:07:02
  Speaker 1: fined when they seek to transfer membership to the union
• 1:07:06
  Speaker 1: of a new craft. Craft divisions foster political ignorance among
• 1:07:10
  Speaker 1: the workers, thus dividing their class at the ballot box
• 1:07:13
  Speaker 1: as well as in the shop, mine, and factory. Craft
• 1:07:16
  Speaker 1: unions may be and have been, used to assist employers
• 1:07:20
  Speaker 1: in the establishment of monopolies and the raising of prices.
• 1:07:23
  Speaker 1: One set of workers are thus used to make harder
• 1:07:26
  Speaker 1: the conditions of life of another body of laborers. Craft
• 1:07:30
  Speaker 1: divisions hinder the growth of class consciousness of the workers,
• 1:07:34
  Speaker 1: foster the idea of harmony of interest between employing exploiter
• 1:07:37
  Speaker 1: and employed slave. They permit the association of the misleaders
• 1:07:42
  Speaker 1: of the workers with the capitalists in the civic federation,
• 1:07:45
  Speaker 1: where plans are made for the perpetuation of capitalism and
• 1:07:48
  Speaker 1: the permanent enslavement of the workers through the wage system.
• 1:07:52
  Speaker 1: Previous efforts for the betterment of the working class have
• 1:07:55
  Speaker 1: proven abortive because limited in scope and disconnected in action,
• 1:07:59
  Speaker 1: universal economic evils afflicting the working class can be eradicated
• 1:08:03
  Speaker 1: only by a universal working class movement. Such a movement
• 1:08:07
  Speaker 1: of the working class is impossible while separate craft and
• 1:08:10
  Speaker 1: wage agreements are made favoring the employer against other crafts
• 1:08:14
  Speaker 1: in the same industry, and while energies are wasted in
• 1:08:17
  Speaker 1: fruitless jurisdiction struggles which serve only to further the personal
• 1:08:21
  Speaker 1: aggrandizement of union officials. A movement to fulfill these conditions
• 1:08:26
  Speaker 1: must consist of one great industrial union embracing all industries,
• 1:08:32
  Speaker 1: providing for craft autonomy locally, industrial autonomy internationally, and working
• 1:08:37
  Speaker 1: class unity. Generally, it must be founded on the class struggle,
• 1:08:42
  Speaker 1: and its general administration must be conducted in harmony with
• 1:08:45
  Speaker 1: the recognition of the irrepressible conflict between the capitalist class
• 1:08:49
  Speaker 1: and the working class. It should be established as the
• 1:08:52
  Speaker 1: economic organization of the working class, without affiliation with any
• 1:08:56
  Speaker 1: political party. All power should rest in a collective membership, local, national,
• 1:09:01
  Speaker 1: and general administration. Including union labels, buttons, badges, transfer cards,
• 1:09:06
  Speaker 1: initiation fees, and per capita tacks should be uniformed throughout.
• 1:09:11
  Speaker 1: All members must hold membership in the local, national, or
• 1:09:14
  Speaker 1: international union covering the industry in which they are employed,
• 1:09:18
  Speaker 1: but transfers of membership between unions local, national, or international
• 1:09:23
  Speaker 1: should be universal. Working Men bringing union cards from industrial
• 1:09:27
  Speaker 1: unions and foreign countries should be freely admitted into the organization.
• 1:09:31
  Speaker 1: The general administration should issue a publication representing the entire
• 1:09:35
  Speaker 1: union and its principles, which should reach all members in
• 1:09:38
  Speaker 1: every industry at regular intervals. A central defense fund, to
• 1:09:42
  Speaker 1: which all members contribute equally, should be established and maintained.
• 1:09:46
  Speaker 1: All workers therefore who agree with the principles herein set forth,
• 1:09:50
  Speaker 1: will meet in convention at Chicago the twenty seventh day
• 1:09:53
  Speaker 1: of June nineteen o five, for the purpose of forming
• 1:09:56
  Speaker 1: an economic organization of the working class along the lions
• 1:09:59
  Speaker 1: of mo out In this manifesto Political Parties and the
• 1:10:04
  Speaker 1: IWW by Vincent Saint John. I am in receipt of
• 1:10:09
  Speaker 1: many inquiries relative to the position of the IWW and
• 1:10:12
  Speaker 1: political action. One fellow worker wants to know, how is
• 1:10:16
  Speaker 1: this revolutionary body going to express itself politically and if
• 1:10:19
  Speaker 1: it is going to hop through the industrial world on
• 1:10:22
  Speaker 1: one leg. A little investigation will prove to any worker
• 1:10:26
  Speaker 1: that while the workers are divided on the industrial field,
• 1:10:29
  Speaker 1: it is not possible to unite them on any other
• 1:10:31
  Speaker 1: field to advance a working class program. Further investigation will
• 1:10:35
  Speaker 1: prove that with the working class divided on the industrial field,
• 1:10:39
  Speaker 1: unity anywhere else, if it could be brought about, would
• 1:10:42
  Speaker 1: be without results. The workers would be without power to
• 1:10:45
  Speaker 1: enforce any demands. The proposition, then, is to lay all
• 1:10:49
  Speaker 1: stress in our agitation upon the essential point, that is,
• 1:10:53
  Speaker 1: upon the places of production, where the working class must
• 1:10:56
  Speaker 1: unite in sufficient numbers before it will have the power
• 1:10:59
  Speaker 1: to make itself felt anywhere else. Will it not follow that,
• 1:11:03
  Speaker 1: united in sufficient numbers of the workshops, and guided by
• 1:11:05
  Speaker 1: the knowledge of their class interests. Such unity will be
• 1:11:08
  Speaker 1: manifested in every field wherein they can assist in advancing
• 1:11:12
  Speaker 1: the interests of the working class. Why then, should not
• 1:11:15
  Speaker 1: all stress be laid upon the organization of the workers
• 1:11:18
  Speaker 1: on the industrial field. The illustration used by our fellow worker,
• 1:11:22
  Speaker 1: and which he likens the economic organization to a one
• 1:11:25
  Speaker 1: legged concern because it does not mention political action, is
• 1:11:29
  Speaker 1: not a comparison that in any way fits the case.
• 1:11:32
  Speaker 1: As well might the prohibitionist, the anti clerical, or any
• 1:11:35
  Speaker 1: other advocate of the many schools that claim the worker
• 1:11:38
  Speaker 1: can better his condition by their particular policy. Say that
• 1:11:41
  Speaker 1: because the Declaration of principles of the Economic Organization make
• 1:11:45
  Speaker 1: no mention of these subjects, the IWW is short a
• 1:11:48
  Speaker 1: leg on each count. The preamble of the IWW deals
• 1:11:52
  Speaker 1: with the essential point upon which we know the workers
• 1:11:55
  Speaker 1: will have to agree before they can accomplish anything for themselves.
• 1:12:00
  Speaker 1: Regardless of what a wage worker may think on any question,
• 1:12:03
  Speaker 1: if he agrees upon the essential thing, we want him
• 1:12:05
  Speaker 1: in the IWW, helping to build up the organized army
• 1:12:09
  Speaker 1: of production. The two legs of the economic organization are
• 1:12:13
  Speaker 1: knowledge and organization. The only value that political activity has
• 1:12:18
  Speaker 1: to the working class is from the standpoint of agitation
• 1:12:21
  Speaker 1: and education. Its educational merit consists solely in proving to
• 1:12:25
  Speaker 1: the workers its utter inefficacy to curb the power of
• 1:12:29
  Speaker 1: the ruling class, and therefore forcing the workers to rely
• 1:12:32
  Speaker 1: on the organization of their class in the industries. It
• 1:12:36
  Speaker 1: is impossible for anyone to be a part of the
• 1:12:38
  Speaker 1: capitalist state and to use the machinery of the state
• 1:12:42
  Speaker 1: in the interests of the workers. All they can do
• 1:12:45
  Speaker 1: is to make the attempt and to be impeached as
• 1:12:48
  Speaker 1: they will be, and furnish object lessons to the workers
• 1:12:52
  Speaker 1: of the class character of the state. Knowing this, the
• 1:12:56
  Speaker 1: IWW proposes to devote all of its energy to building
• 1:12:59
  Speaker 1: up the ord organization of the workers in the industries
• 1:13:02
  Speaker 1: of the country and the world, to drilling and educating
• 1:13:05
  Speaker 1: the members so that they will have the necessary power
• 1:13:08
  Speaker 1: and the knowledge to use that power to overthrow capitalism.
• 1:13:14
  Speaker 1: I know that here you will say, what about the injunction, judges,
• 1:13:17
  Speaker 1: the militia, and the bullpens. In answer, ask yourself, what
• 1:13:21
  Speaker 1: will stop the use of these same weapons against you
• 1:13:25
  Speaker 1: on the political field? If by the political activity of
• 1:13:28
  Speaker 1: the workers you were able to menace the profits of
• 1:13:31
  Speaker 1: the capitalist If you think it cannot be done, turn
• 1:13:34
  Speaker 1: to Colorado were in nineteen o four to two judges
• 1:13:38
  Speaker 1: of the Supreme Court of that state, Campbell and Gabbert,
• 1:13:41
  Speaker 1: by the injunction process, assumed original jurisdiction over the state
• 1:13:45
  Speaker 1: election and decided the majority of the state legislature, the governorship,
• 1:13:49
  Speaker 1: and the election of the United States Senator. Turn to
• 1:13:53
  Speaker 1: the Queer Dalannaes, where the military forces of the United
• 1:13:56
  Speaker 1: States put out of office all officials who would not
• 1:13:59
  Speaker 1: do the bidding of the mining companies of that region.
• 1:14:02
  Speaker 1: Turned to Colorado, where a mob did the same thing
• 1:14:05
  Speaker 1: in the interest of the capitalist class. The only power
• 1:14:09
  Speaker 1: that the working class has is the power to produce wealth.
• 1:14:13
  Speaker 1: The IWW proposes to organize the workers to control the
• 1:14:16
  Speaker 1: use of their labor, so that they will be able
• 1:14:18
  Speaker 1: to stop the production of wealth except upon terms dictated
• 1:14:22
  Speaker 1: by the workers themselves. The capitalist political power is exactly
• 1:14:27
  Speaker 1: the measure of their industrial power, control of industry. That
• 1:14:32
  Speaker 1: control can only be disrupted and finally destroyed by an
• 1:14:35
  Speaker 1: organization of the workers inside the industries, organized for the
• 1:14:40
  Speaker 1: every day's struggle with the capitalists and to carry on production.
• 1:14:44
  Speaker 1: When capitalism shall have been overthrown with such an organization,
• 1:14:48
  Speaker 1: knowing that an injury to one member of the working
• 1:14:51
  Speaker 1: class is an injury to every member of that class,
• 1:14:54
  Speaker 1: it will be possible to make the use of injunctions
• 1:14:56
  Speaker 1: in the militia so costly that the capitalists will not
• 1:15:00
  Speaker 1: use them. None of his industries would run except for
• 1:15:03
  Speaker 1: such length of time as the workers needed to work
• 1:15:06
  Speaker 1: in order to get in shape to renew the struggle.
• 1:15:10
  Speaker 1: A stubborn slave will bring the most overbearing master to time.
• 1:15:14
  Speaker 1: The capitalists cannot exterminate a real labor organization by fighting it.
• 1:15:19
  Speaker 1: They are only dangerous when they commit to fraternize with it.
• 1:15:24
  Speaker 1: Neither can the capitalists and their tools exterminate the working class,
• 1:15:27
  Speaker 1: or any considerable portion of it. They would have to
• 1:15:30
  Speaker 1: go to work themselves if they did. It is true
• 1:15:33
  Speaker 1: that while the movement is weak, they may victimize a
• 1:15:35
  Speaker 1: few of its members, but if that is not allowed
• 1:15:38
  Speaker 1: to intimidate the organization, the employers will not be able
• 1:15:42
  Speaker 1: to do that very long. Persecution of any organization always
• 1:15:47
  Speaker 1: results in the growth of the principle represented by that
• 1:15:50
  Speaker 1: organization if its members are men and women of courage.
• 1:15:54
  Speaker 1: If they are not, there is no substitute that will
• 1:15:57
  Speaker 1: ensure victory. The AWW will express itself politically in its
• 1:16:02
  Speaker 1: general convention and the referendum of its members in the
• 1:16:05
  Speaker 1: industries throughout the land, in proportion to its power. The
• 1:16:09
  Speaker 1: work before us is to build up an organization of
• 1:16:12
  Speaker 1: our class in the field wherein our power lies. That
• 1:16:16
  Speaker 1: task must be accomplished by the workers themselves. Whatever obstacles
• 1:16:21
  Speaker 1: are in the way must be overcome, however great they
• 1:16:24
  Speaker 1: seem to be. Remember that the working class is a
• 1:16:28
  Speaker 1: great class, and its power is unbounded when properly organized.
• 1:16:33
  Speaker 1: As we organize, we control our labor power. As we
• 1:16:37
  Speaker 1: control our labor power a little, we control industry a little.
• 1:16:41
  Speaker 1: As we organize more, we will control more of our
• 1:16:44
  Speaker 1: labor power and also control industry more. When we control
• 1:16:49
  Speaker 1: enough of our labor power, we will meet in our
• 1:16:51
  Speaker 1: representative assembly, the convention of the IWW, and tell the
• 1:16:56
  Speaker 1: boss how long we will work and how much of
• 1:16:59
  Speaker 1: what we produce can have. The sooner all the members
• 1:17:03
  Speaker 1: of the working class who agree with this program lend
• 1:17:06
  Speaker 1: their efforts to bring it about by joining the IWW.
• 1:17:09
  Speaker 1: The sooner will the struggle be ended. In spite of
• 1:17:12
  Speaker 1: all the machinations of the capitalist and as judges and armies. Therefore,
• 1:17:18
  Speaker 1: it will never be necessary for the IWW to endorse
• 1:17:22
  Speaker 1: any political party, whether we will gain support or not
• 1:17:25
  Speaker 1: by so doing. Neither will the IWW carry on a
• 1:17:29
  Speaker 1: propaganda against political action. To do so would be as
• 1:17:33
  Speaker 1: useless as to carry on a campaign for it. We
• 1:17:37
  Speaker 1: are forced, however, to point out the limitations of political
• 1:17:40
  Speaker 1: action for the working class, in order that the workers
• 1:17:43
  Speaker 1: not be led into a cul de sac by the politician,
• 1:17:47
  Speaker 1: and because of that lose all idea of ever being
• 1:17:50
  Speaker 1: anything but slaves for generations to come. This we can
• 1:17:55
  Speaker 1: only do by devoting our entire effort in the work
• 1:17:58
  Speaker 1: of organization and education to the industrial field. To those
• 1:18:03
  Speaker 1: who think the workers will have to be united in
• 1:18:05
  Speaker 1: a political party, we say dig in and do so,
• 1:18:09
  Speaker 1: but do not try to use the economic organization to
• 1:18:12
  Speaker 1: further the aims of the political party. The Trend towards
• 1:18:17
  Speaker 1: Industrial Freedom by B. H. Williams, written for the American
• 1:18:22
  Speaker 1: Journal of Sociology. What kind of a world does the
• 1:18:25
  Speaker 1: IWW want? Such in substance is the question asked of
• 1:18:30
  Speaker 1: the writer by the editor of the American Journal of Sociology.
• 1:18:33
  Speaker 1: Nothing would please me more than to attempt to draw
• 1:18:35
  Speaker 1: a picture of that world. But space is too limited.
• 1:18:38
  Speaker 1: I shall therefore indicate only some salient features of the
• 1:18:41
  Speaker 1: IWW forecast and program, which seemed to me wholly in
• 1:18:44
  Speaker 1: accord with scientific principles and facts, and therefore not to
• 1:18:48
  Speaker 1: be successfully controverted in harmony with the theory and the
• 1:18:52
  Speaker 1: established facts of evolution. The industrial workers of the world
• 1:18:56
  Speaker 1: hold that the general tendency of the organism we call
• 1:18:59
  Speaker 1: society is aggressive, that is, from lower or less finished
• 1:19:03
  Speaker 1: forms and functions to ever higher and more nearly finished
• 1:19:07
  Speaker 1: forms and functions, approaching the infinity of perfection. In other words,
• 1:19:12
  Speaker 1: social evolution differs in no essential respect from organic evolution.
• 1:19:17
  Speaker 1: Applying this evolutionary principle, we discover one that this society,
• 1:19:22
  Speaker 1: which we call capitalism, is a more advanced form of
• 1:19:25
  Speaker 1: the social organism than was any prior state. Its crowning
• 1:19:29
  Speaker 1: achievement is the age of machinery, bringing into existence an
• 1:19:32
  Speaker 1: enormous increase in wealth and in the capacity for producing
• 1:19:36
  Speaker 1: the accessories of an ever richer civilization, in short, transforming
• 1:19:40
  Speaker 1: the face of society in a manner undreamed of prior
• 1:19:43
  Speaker 1: to its advent. Two that the manner of producing the
• 1:19:47
  Speaker 1: social wealth has evolved from an individual or small group
• 1:19:51
  Speaker 1: form to an ever larger group form, embracing great industries
• 1:19:55
  Speaker 1: and correlating these industries into what is approaching a world
• 1:19:59
  Speaker 1: system of f production and exchange. In other words, machinery
• 1:20:04
  Speaker 1: or the machine process has evolved social wealth production in
• 1:20:08
  Speaker 1: which generally speaking, all workers cooperate nationally and internationally in
• 1:20:13
  Speaker 1: the creation and exchange of the accessories of civilization. Three
• 1:20:17
  Speaker 1: That the controller management of this system of production and
• 1:20:20
  Speaker 1: exchange is not democratic, but autocratic, is in the hands
• 1:20:24
  Speaker 1: of individuals or groups of capitalists who claim absolute control
• 1:20:28
  Speaker 1: over the product of labor, as well as absolute ownership
• 1:20:32
  Speaker 1: of the natural resources and of the machinery of production.
• 1:20:36
  Speaker 1: In brief, the system of ownership and control is in
• 1:20:39
  Speaker 1: contradiction to the system of producing and exchanging wealth in
• 1:20:43
  Speaker 1: accordance with the machine process. Four That the contradiction aforementioned
• 1:20:49
  Speaker 1: inevitably keeps alive and intensifies the class struggle between the
• 1:20:53
  Speaker 1: owners or controllers and the workers, in which struggle the
• 1:20:57
  Speaker 1: latter seek, some consciously some uncom consciously, to remove the
• 1:21:01
  Speaker 1: contradiction by eliminating autocratic and substituting democratic control as well
• 1:21:07
  Speaker 1: as operation of the system of wealth production and distribution,
• 1:21:10
  Speaker 1: and therefore of society itself. To put it in another form,
• 1:21:15
  Speaker 1: the most promising tendency that the IWW discovers in modern
• 1:21:19
  Speaker 1: society is that toward industrial and social democracy. This tendency,
• 1:21:24
  Speaker 1: in our judgment, is the one that should be most
• 1:21:26
  Speaker 1: emphasized in the American thought, both of the present and
• 1:21:30
  Speaker 1: of the future. Its goal, the complete democratization of industry,
• 1:21:34
  Speaker 1: means the freeing of the social organism from economic contradictions
• 1:21:38
  Speaker 1: whose social fruitage has been and is Wars between nations, panics,
• 1:21:43
  Speaker 1: or industrial depressions, strikes, blockouts, riots, unemployment, long hours of toil,
• 1:21:49
  Speaker 1: insufficient wages, excessive labor, prostitution, pauperism, many classes of crimes
• 1:21:55
  Speaker 1: and diseases, and other evidences of social malnutrition. It means
• 1:22:00
  Speaker 1: a freer play of individuality and the unfolding of a
• 1:22:03
  Speaker 1: social initiative whose fecundity will make this old mother Earth
• 1:22:07
  Speaker 1: as near reparadise as can well be conceived of at present.
• 1:22:11
  Speaker 1: And for all this and more, we shall still have
• 1:22:14
  Speaker 1: to thank our old step mother capitalism for having made
• 1:22:18
  Speaker 1: us rebel against her crudeness and barbarism. The IWW wants
• 1:22:23
  Speaker 1: the world for the workers, and none but workers in
• 1:22:26
  Speaker 1: the world. By organizing industrially, we the workers, are forming
• 1:22:31
  Speaker 1: the structures of the new society within the shell of
• 1:22:34
  Speaker 1: the old end of the IWW. Its History, Structure and
• 1:22:42
  Speaker 1: Methods by Vincent Saint John