Latest / truthunedited / The 400 Years of Silence_What Happened Between Malachi and Matthew
Transcript
- 0:00Speaker 1: Between the last word of the Old Testament and the
- 0:02Speaker 1: first chapter of Matthew, there are 400 years. The last
- 0:07Speaker 1: recorded prophet was Malachi, writing around 430 B.C. The next
- 0:13Speaker 1: time God speaks directly to a human being is in
- 0:16Speaker 1: Luke chapter 1, when the angel Gabriel appears to an
- 0:19Speaker 1: elderly priest in the temple. 400 years. No prophet. No scripture.
- 0:27Speaker 1: No direct word from God to Israel. And what happened
- 0:30Speaker 1: inside those 400 years determined the world Jesus was born into,
- 0:36Speaker 1: the language the New Testament was written in, the roads
- 0:39Speaker 1: Paul traveled to spread the gospel, and the religious factions
- 0:44Speaker 1: that put Jesus on trial. Everything that makes the New
- 0:47Speaker 1: Testament possible was built during the silence. Today, we are
- 0:52Speaker 1: going to walk through those 400 years, the five powers
- 0:56Speaker 1: that ruled over Israel. the man who nearly destroyed the
- 1:00Speaker 1: Jewish people and the revolt that stopped him, the translation
- 1:04Speaker 1: that put the Bible in the language of the world,
- 1:07Speaker 1: and the exact moment the silence finally broke. By the end,
- 1:13Speaker 1: you will understand. This was never abandonment. It was God
- 1:18Speaker 1: building the stage. But first, you need to hear the
- 1:21Speaker 1: last words God spoke before the silence fell. Because inside
- 1:26Speaker 1: those words was a promise. And that promise is the
- 1:30Speaker 1: reason that everything that happened over the next 400 years
- 1:34Speaker 1: was not chaos. It was construction. The final book of
- 1:38Speaker 1: the Old Testament is Malachi, and it ends with a
- 1:42Speaker 1: warning and a promise in the same breath. Malachi chapter 4,
- 1:47Speaker 1: verses 5 and 6. Behold, I will send you Elijah
- 1:51Speaker 1: the prophet before the great and awesome day of the
- 1:55Speaker 1: Lord comes. and he will turn the hearts of fathers
- 1:58Speaker 1: to their children and the hearts of children to their fathers.
- 2:02Speaker 1: Or else I will come and strike the land with
- 2:06Speaker 1: a decree of utter destruction. Then the page turns, and
- 2:11Speaker 1: God says nothing for 400 years. The name Malachi in
- 2:16Speaker 1: Hebrew means my messenger. The last messenger's final message was
- 2:21Speaker 1: a prediction. Another messenger was coming. and then silence. But
- 2:27Speaker 1: this silence was not a surprise. Centuries before Malachi, the
- 2:32Speaker 1: prophet Amos had recorded God's own warning. Amos chapter 8
- 2:36Speaker 1: verse 11. Behold, the days are coming, declares the Lord God,
- 2:42Speaker 1: when I will send a famine on the land, not
- 2:45Speaker 1: a famine of bread, nor a thirst for water, but
- 2:48Speaker 1: of hearing the words of the Lord. The silence was announced.
- 2:53Speaker 1: It was not abandonment, It was a decree. To understand
- 2:58Speaker 1: the weight of what this silence meant, you have to
- 3:00Speaker 1: understand what the Jewish people were living with when it fell.
- 3:04Speaker 1: They had returned from Babylonian exile. The temple had been rebuilt,
- 3:09Speaker 1: completed in 516 B.C. But the glory that had filled
- 3:14Speaker 1: the first temple, the Shekinah, the visible presence of God
- 3:18Speaker 1: descending on the Holy of Holies, had not returned. The
- 3:22Speaker 1: Ark of the Covenant was gone. The throne of David
- 3:26Speaker 1: was empty. No king from the line of David sat
- 3:29Speaker 1: in Jerusalem. And now, one by one, the prophets had
- 3:33Speaker 1: fallen silent. Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi. And then there was no one.
- 3:41Speaker 1: A people with a covenant, a temple, and a promise,
- 3:44Speaker 1: and no voice to confirm any of it. That is
- 3:47Speaker 1: what the silence felt like from the inside. That is
- 3:51Speaker 1: what 400 years of waiting means in human terms. But
- 3:55Speaker 1: God had not left. He had simply stopped speaking. And
- 3:59Speaker 1: while he was silent, he was working. In 332 B.C.,
- 4:06Speaker 1: a 24-year-old Macedonian general marched through the land of Israel
- 4:10Speaker 1: on his way from Persia to Egypt. His name was Alexander.
- 4:15Speaker 1: He had already conquered most of the known world. He
- 4:18Speaker 1: would be dead in eight years. And his brief, violent
- 4:22Speaker 1: passage through history would do more to prepare the world
- 4:25Speaker 1: for the gospel than almost any event before or after him.
- 4:31Speaker 1: Alexander the Great's mission was not merely conquest. It was Hellenization,
- 4:36Speaker 1: the systematic spread of Greek culture, Greek architecture, Greek philosophy, and,
- 4:42Speaker 1: above all, the Greek language across every territory he touched.
- 4:47Speaker 1: Within one generation of his campaigns, Koine Greek had become
- 4:51Speaker 1: the universal language of the Mediterranean world, from Rome to Alexandria,
- 4:57Speaker 1: from Athens to Jerusalem. One language, spoken everywhere. The historian
- 5:04Speaker 1: Josephus records that when Alexander reached Jerusalem, the high priest
- 5:09Speaker 1: Jadua went out to meet him, wearing his full priestly robes.
- 5:14Speaker 1: According to the account in Josephus' antiquities, Alexander bowed before
- 5:19Speaker 1: the high priest, telling his astonished generals, that he had
- 5:23Speaker 1: seen this figure in a dream before his campaigns, and
- 5:26Speaker 1: that the dream had promised him victory. Whether the account
- 5:31Speaker 1: is literal history or theological legend, the practical result is documented.
- 5:36Speaker 1: The Jews were given favor. They were permitted to keep
- 5:40Speaker 1: their own laws. They were exempted from tribute in the
- 5:43Speaker 1: sabbatical year. Alexander died in 323 B.C. at the age
- 5:47Speaker 1: of 32. He left no clear air. But the Greek
- 5:54Speaker 1: language did not die with him. It spread. It settled.
- 5:58Speaker 1: It became the tongue of commerce, of government, of philosophy,
- 6:03Speaker 1: and of literature across the entire ancient world. And in
- 6:07Speaker 1: approximately 280 BC, something happened in Alexandria, Egypt, that would
- 6:13Speaker 1: change the history of Scripture permanently. Ptolemy II Philadelphus, the
- 6:19Speaker 1: Greek ruler of Egypt, commissioned a group of Jewish scholars
- 6:23Speaker 1: to translate the Hebrew Old Testament into Greek. Approximately 70
- 6:28Speaker 1: scholars were gathered. The translation took generations to complete. It
- 6:33Speaker 1: became known as the Septuagint, named for those 70 translators,
- 6:39Speaker 1: abbreviated in Roman numerals as LXX. The result was this,
- 6:45Speaker 1: the complete Hebrew scriptures, the Torah, the prophets, the writings,
- 6:49Speaker 1: were now available in the common language of the entire
- 6:52Speaker 1: Mediterranean world. The scroll of Isaiah, which described a servant
- 6:57Speaker 1: who would be pierced for the transgressions of his people,
- 7:00Speaker 1: who would be led like a lamb to the slaughter,
- 7:03Speaker 1: was now readable by every educated person in the Roman world.
- 7:08Speaker 1: In Greek, 300 years before Jesus was born. When Matthew, Luke,
- 7:14Speaker 1: and Paul quote the Old Testament in the New Testament,
- 7:17Speaker 1: they frequently quote the Septuagint, not the original Hebrew. The
- 7:22Speaker 1: Bible was in the world's language before the word became flesh.
- 7:27Speaker 1: As the Jewish people scattered across the Mediterranean under Ptolemaic
- 7:30Speaker 1: rule into Egypt, North Africa, Syria, and Asia Minor, they
- 7:36Speaker 1: built something in every city they settled. Not a temple.
- 7:40Speaker 1: They had only one temple, and it was in Jerusalem.
- 7:43Speaker 1: They built synagogues, gathering places for prayer, Torah reading and
- 7:49Speaker 1: community within reach of every Jewish family, no matter how
- 7:53Speaker 1: far they were from the land. By the time of Jesus,
- 7:57Speaker 1: synagogues existed in every major city of the Roman world.
- 8:01Speaker 1: That network would become the first distribution system of the gospel.
- 8:06Speaker 1: Every city Paul entered on his missionary journeys, he went
- 8:10Speaker 1: to the synagogue first. The infrastructure was already there. It
- 8:15Speaker 1: had been built during the silence. Alexander's successors divided his
- 8:19Speaker 1: empire among themselves. Judea passed through several sets of hands.
- 8:25Speaker 1: The Ptolemies ruled it with relative tolerance for more than
- 8:28Speaker 1: a century. And then, in 198 BC, a new power
- 8:34Speaker 1: took control, and what they did to Israel very nearly
- 8:38Speaker 1: ended it. In 198 B.C., the Seleucid king Antiochus III
- 8:44Speaker 1: defeated the Ptolemies at the Battle of Panium and took
- 8:48Speaker 1: control of Judea. He continued the general policy of tolerance.
- 8:53Speaker 1: His son reversed every word of it. Antiochus IV came
- 8:57Speaker 1: to power in 175 B.C. He gave himself the title Epiphanes,
- 9:04Speaker 1: meaning God Manifest. The Jews who lived under his rule
- 9:08Speaker 1: called him by a different name, Epimenes, the Madman. Both
- 9:13Speaker 1: names were accurate. He began by draining the temple. In
- 9:19Speaker 1: 169 B.C., Antiochus IV entered Jerusalem and removed the temple treasury.
- 9:25Speaker 1: Approximately 1,800 talents of gold, the sacred vessels, the lampstand,
- 9:31Speaker 1: the altar of incense, the golden table for the showbread,
- 9:35Speaker 1: loaded onto carts and taken to Antioch. The holiest objects
- 9:39Speaker 1: in Israel's history, gone. Then came the decrees. In 167 BC,
- 9:47Speaker 1: Antiochus IV issued a series of edicts across Judea. No
- 9:52Speaker 1: Sabbath observance, no circumcision, no reading or owning a copy
- 9:57Speaker 1: of the Torah. Every practice that distinguished the Jewish people
- 10:01Speaker 1: from the surrounding Gentile world was made illegal. Violation was
- 10:06Speaker 1: punishable by death. To understand what came next, you must
- 10:11Speaker 1: first understand what the temple was to the Jewish people.
- 10:15Speaker 1: The altar of burnt offerings stood in the temple courtyard.
- 10:19Speaker 1: the central point of contact between Israel and God. Every
- 10:23Speaker 1: morning and every evening, a sacrifice was offered there. It
- 10:28Speaker 1: was not ritual for its own sake. It was the
- 10:31Speaker 1: ordained meeting point between a holy God and a people
- 10:34Speaker 1: he had claimed as his own. It had stood for centuries.
- 10:39Speaker 1: It was, for every Jewish person alive, the most sacred
- 10:43Speaker 1: ground on earth. Antiochus IV converted the temple into a
- 10:47Speaker 1: shrine to Zeus Olympios. He erected a pagan altar directly
- 10:52Speaker 1: on top of the altar of burnt offering. And then,
- 10:56Speaker 1: on the twenty-fifth day of the month of Kislev, in
- 10:59Speaker 1: the year 167 B.C., he sacrificed a pig on the
- 11:04Speaker 1: altar of God. The prophet Daniel had named this event
- 11:08Speaker 1: before it happened. Daniel chapter 11 verse 31 forces from
- 11:14Speaker 1: him shall appear and profane the temple and fortress, and
- 11:19Speaker 1: shall take away the regular burnt offering, and they shall
- 11:23Speaker 1: set up the abomination that makes desolate. The abomination of desolation.
- 11:29Speaker 1: And then in Matthew chapter 24 verse 15, Jesus looked
- 11:34Speaker 1: at his disciples and said, When you see the abomination
- 11:38Speaker 1: of desolation spoken of by Daniel the prophet standing in
- 11:42Speaker 1: the holy place, Let the reader understand. He was not
- 11:46Speaker 1: describing the past. He was describing what was still coming.
- 11:52Speaker 1: Antiochus IV was not just a historical villain. He was
- 11:56Speaker 1: a prophetic type, a preview of something Jesus warned would
- 12:00Speaker 1: happen again before the end of the age. The persecution
- 12:04Speaker 1: was not limited to the temple. It reached into every
- 12:08Speaker 1: Jewish home. The books of 1 and 2 Maccabees Historical documents,
- 12:13Speaker 1: whose reliability is widely accepted by scholars, regardless of their
- 12:17Speaker 1: canonical status, record what followed with careful, devastating detail. A
- 12:24Speaker 1: mother was brought before the Seleucid authorities with her seven sons.
- 12:29Speaker 1: They were ordered to eat pork in public violation of
- 12:32Speaker 1: the Torah. The first son refused. They killed him in
- 12:37Speaker 1: front of his brothers and his mother. They killed him
- 12:40Speaker 1: in front of his brothers and his mother. The second
- 12:43Speaker 1: son refused. Before he died, he said this, recorded in
- 12:48Speaker 1: 2 Maccabees 7, verse 9,' You dismiss us from this
- 12:52Speaker 1: present life, but the King of the universe will raise
- 12:56Speaker 1: us up to an everlasting renewal of life, because we
- 13:00Speaker 1: have died for his laws.' Then they killed the second son.
- 13:05Speaker 1: The mother watched all seven of her sons die. She
- 13:08Speaker 1: outlived them all. She was executed last. These accounts did
- 13:14Speaker 1: something to Jewish theology that no period of peace could
- 13:18Speaker 1: have accomplished. The martyrs died affirming that God would raise
- 13:22Speaker 1: their bodies, that the grave was not the end, that
- 13:26Speaker 1: a king who could put you in the ground could
- 13:29Speaker 1: not keep you there if the king of the universe
- 13:32Speaker 1: had decreed otherwise. This theology, bodily resurrection, as a certainty,
- 13:38Speaker 1: as a promise, as the ground on which you could
- 13:41Speaker 1: die without despair, became a defining doctrine of the Pharisees.
- 13:47Speaker 1: It is the exact doctrine the Sadducees denied and Jesus affirmed.
- 13:52Speaker 1: It is the doctrine Paul placed at the center of
- 13:54Speaker 1: his entire theology in 1 Corinthians chapter 15. It is
- 13:59Speaker 1: the doctrine that made the resurrection of Jesus not a
- 14:02Speaker 1: Greek myth but a Jewish expectation. Antiochus IV tried to
- 14:08Speaker 1: extinguish Jewish faith. He accidentally produced the clearest articulation of
- 14:13Speaker 1: resurrection theology in Israel's history. The worst moment in 400
- 14:18Speaker 1: years produced its most important doctrine. The revolt began with
- 14:23Speaker 1: an elderly priest in a small village. His name was Mattathias.
- 14:28Speaker 1: He lived in the village of Modine, northwest of Jerusalem.
- 14:32Speaker 1: when a Seleucid official arrived and ordered the community to
- 14:35Speaker 1: perform a public pagan sacrifice, Mattathias refused. Another Jewish man
- 14:42Speaker 1: stepped forward to comply. Mattathias killed them both, the Seleucid
- 14:47Speaker 1: official and the man who would have offered the sacrifice.
- 14:51Speaker 1: Then he and his five sons fled to the hills
- 14:53Speaker 1: of Judea and began a guerrilla war against one of
- 14:57Speaker 1: the great military powers of the ancient world. After Mattathias died,
- 15:02Speaker 1: his son Judah took command. Judah's nickname was Maccabee, almost
- 15:08Speaker 1: certainly from the Hebrew makavet, meaning hammer. He was appropriately named.
- 15:13Speaker 1: The military odds were, by any reasonable calculation, impossible. The
- 15:19Speaker 1: Maccabees had no cavalry, no siege equipment, no professional military structure,
- 15:25Speaker 1: no standing army. They were farmers, priests, and craftsmen, who
- 15:30Speaker 1: had chosen death over compromise. Against them stood the full
- 15:35Speaker 1: force of the Seleucid imperial army, trained soldiers, war elephants,
- 15:40Speaker 1: and the resources of a regional empire. The Maccabees won.
- 15:46Speaker 1: Within three years, Judah Maccabee had driven the Seleucid forces
- 15:50Speaker 1: from Jerusalem and retaken the temple. The pagan altar was
- 15:54Speaker 1: torn down. The stones that had been defiled were removed
- 15:58Speaker 1: and replaced. the lampstand was relit. On the 25th day
- 16:03Speaker 1: of Kislev, in the year 164 BC, exactly three years
- 16:08Speaker 1: after the desecration, the temple was rededicated to God. That
- 16:13Speaker 1: date is still observed. It is called Hanukkah, the festival
- 16:17Speaker 1: of dedication. In John chapter 10, verse 22, the text
- 16:22Speaker 1: records this. At that time, the feast of dedication took
- 16:26Speaker 1: place at Jerusalem. It was winter. And Jesus was walking
- 16:30Speaker 1: in the temple, in the colonnade of Solomon. Jesus was
- 16:34Speaker 1: present at Hanukkah. He stood on ground that had been
- 16:37Speaker 1: recovered by an impossible military victory, and lit by a
- 16:41Speaker 1: priesthood that had refused to surrender. And he said nothing
- 16:46Speaker 1: to distance himself from it. The victory, however, created a
- 16:50Speaker 1: new problem. The Maccabees' descendants, the Hasmonean dynasty, began ruling
- 16:56Speaker 1: Judea as both priests and kings. Kingship in Israel belonged
- 17:01Speaker 1: to the tribe of Judah and the line of David.
- 17:05Speaker 1: Priesthood belonged to the tribe of Levi. The Hasmoneans were
- 17:09Speaker 1: priests who became kings. Their illegitimacy and eventual corruption fractured
- 17:14Speaker 1: the Jewish community into four competing movements. Those movements were
- 17:20Speaker 1: the world Jesus walked into. By the time of Jesus,
- 17:25Speaker 1: Judaism was not a monolith. It was a contested landscape
- 17:29Speaker 1: of competing theologies and competing answers to the same ancient question.
- 17:35Speaker 1: What does it mean to be the people of God
- 17:37Speaker 1: under foreign power? Four movements defined that landscape. Every major
- 17:43Speaker 1: conflict in the Gospels is rooted in one of them.
- 17:47Speaker 1: The Pharisees were the most numerous. Approximately 6,000 of them
- 17:52Speaker 1: lived in Judea at the time of Jesus, a figure
- 17:55Speaker 1: from Josephus. They believed in both the written Torah and
- 17:59Speaker 1: the oral law, the accumulated interpretive tradition passed down through
- 18:04Speaker 1: generations of rabbis. They believed in bodily resurrection, in angels,
- 18:10Speaker 1: in the afterlife. Among ordinary Jewish people, they were widely respected.
- 18:15Speaker 1: They were the scholars, the teachers, the men who had
- 18:18Speaker 1: preserved Jewish identity through centuries of foreign pressure. Their problem
- 18:24Speaker 1: was not that they were wrong about the law. It
- 18:27Speaker 1: was that they had built a performance system around it.
- 18:31Speaker 1: Obedience had become a public display rather than a private relationship.
- 18:36Speaker 1: Jesus' words in Matthew chapter 23 were directed at this precisely,
- 18:42Speaker 1: not at their knowledge of Scripture, which he affirmed, but
- 18:45Speaker 1: at the gap between what they taught and how they lived.
- 18:50Speaker 1: The Sadducees were the priestly aristocracy, wealthy, politically connected, and
- 18:55Speaker 1: deeply invested in the Roman system that kept them in power.
- 19:00Speaker 1: They accepted only the written Torah, rejecting the oral law entirely.
- 19:05Speaker 1: They denied the resurrection of the dead, the existence of angels,
- 19:10Speaker 1: and the reality of an afterlife. The high priest Caiaphas,
- 19:15Speaker 1: who presided over Jesus' trial, was a Sadducee. When Jesus
- 19:20Speaker 1: cleansed the temple and overturned the tables of the money changers,
- 19:23Speaker 1: he was directly attacking the Sadducees' commercial system and their
- 19:27Speaker 1: political arrangement with Rome. The Essenes had withdrawn from Jerusalem altogether.
- 19:34Speaker 1: They considered the temple establishment so thoroughly corrupt that continued
- 19:38Speaker 1: participation in it was impossible. They established communal settlements in
- 19:43Speaker 1: the wilderness, the most famous at Qumran, on the northwest
- 19:48Speaker 1: shore of the Dead Sea. It is the Essene community
- 19:51Speaker 1: at Qumran that produced and preserved the Dead Sea Scrolls.
- 19:56Speaker 1: Nearly 900 manuscripts, including the oldest known copies of almost
- 20:01Speaker 1: every book of the Old Testament. John the Baptist presents
- 20:05Speaker 1: a striking profile, Wilderness Setting, Ascetic Lifestyles, Ritual Immersion for Repentance,
- 20:12Speaker 1: a sharp critique of the Jerusalem establishment. Scholars have noted
- 20:17Speaker 1: the close parallels between John's practice and the Essene community
- 20:21Speaker 1: at Qumran. No ancient text, however, directly places John inside
- 20:26Speaker 1: the Essene movement. The parallel is real. The connection is
- 20:31Speaker 1: not established. The Zealots operated from a conviction inherited directly
- 20:36Speaker 1: from the Maccabees. God had given military victory once against
- 20:41Speaker 1: impossible odds, and he would do it again. Violent armed
- 20:46Speaker 1: resistance to Rome was not merely permitted. It was required.
- 20:51Speaker 1: Among the twelve men Jesus chose as his disciples was Simon,
- 20:56Speaker 1: called the Zealot. The Zealots eventually launched the revolt of
- 21:00Speaker 1: 66 A.D. Rome destroyed the temple in 70 A.D. the
- 21:06Speaker 1: event Jesus had predicted in Matthew 24.2. When the disciples
- 21:12Speaker 1: asked the risen Jesus in Acts 1.6, Lord, will you
- 21:18Speaker 1: at this time restore the kingdom to Israel? They were
- 21:22Speaker 1: asking a zealot question. They expected a military Messiah. Jesus
- 21:27Speaker 1: had spent three years telling them otherwise. Understanding the four
- 21:32Speaker 1: factions does not simply explain the conflicts in the Gospels.
- 21:36Speaker 1: It explains why Jesus said what he said, the way
- 21:39Speaker 1: he said it, to the people he was saying it to.
- 21:43Speaker 1: He was not preaching into a vacuum. He was speaking
- 21:46Speaker 1: into a world these four movements had shaped. In 63 B.C.,
- 21:52Speaker 1: the Roman general Pompey arrived in Judea in the middle
- 21:55Speaker 1: of a Hasmonean civil war. He besieged Jerusalem, and when
- 22:00Speaker 1: the city fell, he walked through the temple, past the
- 22:04Speaker 1: outer courts, passed the inner court, passed the veil, and
- 22:08Speaker 1: entered the Holy of Holies. Only the high priest was
- 22:12Speaker 1: permitted to enter that room, only once a year, only
- 22:17Speaker 1: on Yom Kippur, only after extensive ritual purification. Pompey walked
- 22:23Speaker 1: in as a Roman general. Jewish independence ended that day.
- 22:28Speaker 1: The land became a Roman province, and in 37 B.C.,
- 22:31Speaker 1: the Roman Senate, appointed its own king. Herod, known to
- 22:37Speaker 1: history as Herod the Great, was not Jewish by heritage.
- 22:42Speaker 1: He was an Idumean, descended from the Edomites. He ruled
- 22:46Speaker 1: through fear, paranoia, and the particular anxiety of a man
- 22:51Speaker 1: whose throne rested on the approval of a foreign empire.
- 22:55Speaker 1: He executed his own sons. He executed his wife. When
- 23:00Speaker 1: the Magi arrived from the east asking about a newborn king,
- 23:04Speaker 1: He ordered the slaughter of every male infant in the
- 23:07Speaker 1: region of Bethlehem under two years old. Matthew chapter 2,
- 23:12Speaker 1: verse 16. He was exactly the kind of man who
- 23:16Speaker 1: would do exactly that. But Herod also built. To secure
- 23:22Speaker 1: Jewish loyalty, he launched the most ambitious construction project in
- 23:26Speaker 1: the history of the land, the expansion and reconstruction of
- 23:30Speaker 1: the second temple. He doubled the size of the Temple Mount,
- 23:35Speaker 1: engineering massive stone-retaining walls around the hill. One of those
- 23:40Speaker 1: walls stands today. It is called the Western Wall. The
- 23:45Speaker 1: structure took 46 years to complete. Jesus notes this in
- 23:50Speaker 1: John 2, verse 20. It was finally finished in approximately
- 23:55Speaker 1: 64 A.D. Rome burned it in 70 A.D., six years later. Rome, however,
- 24:02Speaker 1: was not only conquest, it was infrastructure. The Pax Romana,
- 24:08Speaker 1: the Roman peace established from 27 BC onward, created conditions
- 24:13Speaker 1: of stability across the Mediterranean world that were unprecedented. Roman
- 24:19Speaker 1: roads connected every major city in the empire, approximately 80,000
- 24:24Speaker 1: kilometers of paved road. The sea was safe. A common
- 24:29Speaker 1: language was spoken everywhere. A common legal system governed trade
- 24:33Speaker 1: and travel. Paul's missionary journeys covered approximately 10,000 miles. Every
- 24:41Speaker 1: one of those miles was a Roman road. The letters
- 24:44Speaker 1: he wrote to churches in Corinth, Rome, Galatia, Ephesus, and
- 24:49Speaker 1: Philippi traveled by Roman postal routes. The infrastructure that spread
- 24:54Speaker 1: the gospel across three continents was built by the empire
- 24:58Speaker 1: that crucified the one the gospel proclaimed. The Apostle Paul
- 25:02Speaker 1: understood this precisely. In his letter to the Galatians, chapter 4,
- 25:07Speaker 1: verse 4, But when the fullness of time had come,
- 25:11Speaker 1: God sent forth his Son. The phrase in Greek is
- 25:15Speaker 1: pleroma tu chrono, the moment of perfect completion. Not early,
- 25:21Speaker 1: not late, the moment when nothing was missing. Think about
- 25:25Speaker 1: what had been assembled. Greek language, so the gospel could
- 25:29Speaker 1: be written and read across the world. The Septuagint, so
- 25:35Speaker 1: every Gentile city already had the prophecies in their language
- 25:38Speaker 1: before the Messiah arrived. Roman roads, so a tent maker
- 25:43Speaker 1: from Tarsus could carry the message across three continents. Synagogues
- 25:48Speaker 1: in every city, so he had a room full of
- 25:51Speaker 1: people waiting for him when he got there. Four centuries
- 25:55Speaker 1: of messianic expectation, compressing to a point of maximum pressure.
- 26:01Speaker 1: Every piece was in place. The Pleroma tu chrono. Nothing
- 26:06Speaker 1: was missing. The stage had been built. The curtain was
- 26:10Speaker 1: about to rise. The silence broke in a temple. Not
- 26:15Speaker 1: with thunder. Not with a vision given to a king
- 26:18Speaker 1: or a general. It broke in a room full of
- 26:21Speaker 1: incense smoke. where a priest had been chosen by Lot
- 26:25Speaker 1: to perform a routine duty. The priesthood in first century
- 26:29Speaker 1: Judea was divided into 24 divisions, each serving at the
- 26:34Speaker 1: temple in rotating terms. Within each division, individual duties were
- 26:39Speaker 1: assigned by Lot. The duty of entering the holy place
- 26:43Speaker 1: to burn incense fell to Zechariah on this particular day.
- 26:48Speaker 1: Luke chapter 1 verse 8 records it. He was chosen
- 26:52Speaker 1: by Lot according to the custom of the priesthood. He
- 26:57Speaker 1: entered the temple. He approached the altar of incense, and
- 27:01Speaker 1: the angel of the Lord appeared, standing on the right
- 27:05Speaker 1: side of the altar. After 400 years, God sent a messenger,
- 27:11Speaker 1: and the first words recorded after four centuries of silence
- 27:15Speaker 1: are these, Do not be afraid. Zechariah, for your prayer
- 27:20Speaker 1: has been heard. Your prayer has been heard. After 400
- 27:25Speaker 1: years without a prophetic voice, without a new word from God,
- 27:30Speaker 1: without a recorded angel, without a vision, the silence breaks
- 27:35Speaker 1: with a sentence about answered prayer, not a declaration, not
- 27:41Speaker 1: a decree, a personal word, to one frightened priest standing
- 27:46Speaker 1: alone in a room full of incense. The announcement that
- 27:50Speaker 1: followed contained language that no Jewish listener would have missed.
- 27:55Speaker 1: Luke 1.17 John would go before the Lord, in the
- 28:01Speaker 1: spirit and power of Elijah, to turn the hearts of
- 28:04Speaker 1: the fathers to the children. The exact language of Malachi 4.6
- 28:08Speaker 1: The final verse of the Old Testament says, the last
- 28:14Speaker 1: words before the silence began, is quoted by Gabriel in
- 28:19Speaker 1: the announcement that the silence is over. The silence begins
- 28:24Speaker 1: with that verse. It ends with that verse spoken again
- 28:28Speaker 1: by an angel of God. The 400 years are a parenthesis.
- 28:33Speaker 1: Malachi opens it. Gabriel closes it. John the Baptist was
- 28:38Speaker 1: the Elijah figure Malachi had promised, the messenger before the messenger.
- 28:43Speaker 1: the voice preparing a straight path for the one who
- 28:46Speaker 1: would come after. Six months after Gabriel appeared to Zechariah,
- 28:51Speaker 1: he appeared again, to a young woman in the town
- 28:54Speaker 1: of Nazareth. Luke chapter 1 verse 31. You will conceive
- 29:01Speaker 1: and give birth to a son, and you are to
- 29:04Speaker 1: call him Jesus. The stage that had taken four hundred
- 29:08Speaker 1: years to build— five powers, four factions, one translation— one road network,
- 29:15Speaker 1: one universal language, one synagogue in every city, was ready
- 29:20Speaker 1: for one person. The curtain rose. Looking back across those
- 29:25Speaker 1: four hundred years with both testaments in hand, what becomes
- 29:29Speaker 1: visible is not disorder. It is a method. Noah built
- 29:33Speaker 1: the ark for approximately 100 years before the flood came.
- 29:38Speaker 1: 100 years of construction with no rain in sight. Abraham
- 29:44Speaker 1: received the promise of a son at age 75. Isaac
- 29:48Speaker 1: was born when Abraham was 100. 25 years between the
- 29:52Speaker 1: promise and its fulfillment. Joseph was sold into slavery at 17.
- 29:58Speaker 1: he spent 13 years in an Egyptian household and an
- 30:01Speaker 1: Egyptian prison before Pharaoh called him from the cell and
- 30:05Speaker 1: placed him over the entire nation. Israel went into Egypt
- 30:10Speaker 1: as 70 people and stayed for 400 years, every one
- 30:15Speaker 1: of those years looking from inside it like a permanent condition.
- 30:19Speaker 1: Then Moses arrived at the burning bush, and then another
- 30:24Speaker 1: 400 years of silence. No prophet, no word, no visible movement.
- 30:31Speaker 1: And then Gabriel appears to Zechariah in the temple, and
- 30:34Speaker 1: the silence that God himself had announced through Amos is over.
- 30:39Speaker 1: The Bible does not present these waiting periods as exceptions
- 30:43Speaker 1: to God's normal way of working. It presents them as
- 30:46Speaker 1: the pattern, extended periods of preparation, invisible from inside them,
- 30:52Speaker 1: that end at the exact moment of completion. Paul's word
- 30:56Speaker 1: for it was, pleroma to chronu the fullness of time
- 31:01Speaker 1: not early not late the moment when nothing is missing
- 31:06Speaker 1: the 400 years of silence is the largest and most
- 31:09Speaker 1: thoroughly documented example of that pattern in all of scripture
- 31:14Speaker 1: five powers four factions one translation one road network one
- 31:20Speaker 1: universal language four centuries of expectation compressing to a single
- 31:25Speaker 1: point nothing was missing Nothing was rushed. Nothing was improvised.
- 31:31Speaker 1: The silence was never absence. It was construction. If this
- 31:35Speaker 1: video gave you something you did not have before, if
- 31:38Speaker 1: the 400 years between Malachi and Matthew now make sense
- 31:42Speaker 1: to you as preparation and not abandonment, then this channel
- 31:46Speaker 1: has much more for you. Every video on Bible Originals
- 31:51Speaker 1: Plus goes this deep into the history, the scripture, and
- 31:55Speaker 1: the stories most people have never been told. Subscribe now
- 31:59Speaker 1: and follow the channel so you do not miss what
- 32:02Speaker 1: comes next. The next video goes even further. Do not
- 32:06Speaker 1: come in late.