Latest / This Country of Ours, Part 1 / 12 - This Country of Ours, Part 1 by Henrietta Elizabeth Marshall

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12 - This Country of Ours, Part 1 by Henrietta Elizabeth Marshall · This Country of Ours, Part 1

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  Speaker 1: This Country of Ours chapter twelve. This is a LibriVox recording.
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  Speaker 1: All LibriVox recordings are in the public domain. For more
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  Speaker 1: information or to volunteer, please visit LibriVox dot org. This
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  Speaker 1: Country of Ours by H. E. Marshall, Chapter twelve about
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  Speaker 1: Sir Walter Raleigh's adventures in the Golden West. The first
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  Speaker 1: attempt to found an English colony in America had been
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  Speaker 1: an utter failure, but the idea of founding a new
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  Speaker 1: England across the seas had now taken hold of Sir
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  Speaker 1: Humphrey's young step brother, Walter Raleigh, and a few months
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  Speaker 1: after the return of the Golden Hind he received from
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  Speaker 1: the Queen a charter very much the same as his brothers.
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  Speaker 1: But although he got the charter, Raleigh himself could not
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  Speaker 1: sail to America, for Queen Elizabeth would not let him go,
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  Speaker 1: so again he had to content himself with sending other people.
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  Speaker 1: It was on April twenty seventh, fifteen eighty four that
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  Speaker 1: his expedition set out into small ships. Raleigh knew some
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  Speaker 1: of the great frenchmen of the day and had heard
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  Speaker 1: of their attempt to found a colony in Florida, And
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  Speaker 1: in spite of the terrible fate of the Frenchmen. He
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  Speaker 1: thought Florida would be an excellent place to found an
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  Speaker 1: English colony. So Raleigh's ships made their way to Florida
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  Speaker 1: and landed on Roanoke Island, off the coast of what
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  Speaker 1: is now North Carolina. In those days, of course, there
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  Speaker 1: was no Carolina, and the Spaniards called the whole coast Florida,
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  Speaker 1: right up to the shores of Newfoundland. The Englishmen were
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  Speaker 1: delighted with Roanoke. It seemed to them a fertile, pleasant land,
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  Speaker 1: the most plentiful, sweet, fruitful, and wholesome of all the world.
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  Speaker 1: So they at once took possession of it in the
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  Speaker 1: right of the Queen's most excellent Majesty, as rightful Queen
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  Speaker 1: and Princess of the same. The natives, too, seemed friendly
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  Speaker 1: and in their behavior as mannerly and civil as any
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  Speaker 1: man of Europe. But the pale faces and the redskins
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  Speaker 1: found it difficult to understand each other. What do you
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  Speaker 1: call this country, asked an Englishman. Win Gandacoa, answered the Indian.
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  Speaker 1: So the Englishmen went home to tell of the wonderful
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  Speaker 1: country of win Gandacoa. But what the Indian had really
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  Speaker 1: said was what fine clothes you have. However, the mistake
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  Speaker 1: did not matter much, for the Englishmen now changed the
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  Speaker 1: name of the land from whatever it had been, to Virginia,
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  Speaker 1: in honor of their queen. This first expedition to Roanoke
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  Speaker 1: was only for exploring, and after a little the adventurers
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  Speaker 1: sailed home again to tell of all that they had seen.
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  Speaker 1: But Raleigh was so pleased with the report of Roanoke Island,
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  Speaker 1: which they brought home to him, that he at once
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  Speaker 1: began to make plans for founding a colony there. And
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  Speaker 1: the following April his ships were ready and the expedition
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  Speaker 1: set out under his cousin, Sir Richard Grenville. But now
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  Speaker 1: almost as soon as they landed, troubles began with the Indians.
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  Speaker 1: One of them stole a silver cup, and as it
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  Speaker 1: was not returned, the Englishmen, in anger set fire to
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  Speaker 1: the cornfields and destroyed them. This was a bad beginning,
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  Speaker 1: but the Englishman had no knowledge yet of how cruel
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  Speaker 1: and revengeful the Red Man could be. So it was
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  Speaker 1: with no misgivings that Sir Richard left the colony of
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  Speaker 1: over a hundred men in the country, and promising to
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  Speaker 1: return with fresh supplies. In the following spring, he sailed homeward.
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  Speaker 1: The governor of this colony was named Ralph Lane. He
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  Speaker 1: was wise and able, but he was soon beset with difficulties.
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  Speaker 1: He found that the place chosen for a colony was
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  Speaker 1: not a good one, for the harbor was bad, the
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  Speaker 1: coast dangerous, and many of the Indians were now unfriendly.
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  Speaker 1: So he set about exploring the country and decided as
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  Speaker 1: soon as fresh supplies came from England to move to
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  Speaker 1: a better spot. Spring came and passed, and no ships
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  Speaker 1: from England appeared. The men began to starve, and seeing this,
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  Speaker 1: the Indians, who had feared them before, now began to
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  Speaker 1: be scornful and taunt them. Your God is not a
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  Speaker 1: true god, they said, or he would not leave you
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  Speaker 1: to starve. They refused to sell the colonist's food, no
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  Speaker 1: matter what price was offered. Their hatred of the English
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  Speaker 1: was so great, indeed, that they resolved to sow no
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  Speaker 1: corn in order that there should be no harvest, being
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  Speaker 1: ready to suffer hunger themselves if they might destroy the
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  Speaker 1: colony utterly. As the days passed, the Englishmen daily felt
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  Speaker 1: the pinch of hunger. More and more then Lane divided
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  Speaker 1: his company into three and sent each in a different direction,
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  Speaker 1: so that they might gather roots and herbs, and catch
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  Speaker 1: fish for themselves, and also keep a look out for ships.
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  Speaker 1: But things went from bad to worse. The savages grew
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  Speaker 1: daily bolder and more insolent, and the colonists lived constantly
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  Speaker 1: in dread of an attack from them. At length, although
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  Speaker 1: he had tried hard to avoid it, Lane was forced
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  Speaker 1: to fight them. They were easily overcome and fled to
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  Speaker 1: the woods. But Dane knew well that his advantage was
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  Speaker 1: only for the moment. Should help not come, the colony
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  Speaker 1: would be wiped out. Then one day, about a week
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  Speaker 1: after the fight with the Indians, news was brought to
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  Speaker 1: Lane that a great fleet of twenty three ships had
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  Speaker 1: appeared in the distance. Were they friends or were they foes?
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  Speaker 1: That was the great question. The English knew the terrible
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  Speaker 1: story of Fort Caroline. Were these Spanish ships? Fearing that
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  Speaker 1: they might be Ralph, Lane looked to his defenses and
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  Speaker 1: made ready to withstand the enemy. If enemy, they proved
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  Speaker 1: to be as bravely as might be. But soon it
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  Speaker 1: was seen that their fears were needless. The ships were English,
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  Speaker 1: and two days later Sir Francis Drake anchored in the
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  Speaker 1: wretched little harbor. Drake had not come on purpose to
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  Speaker 1: relieve the colony. He had been out on one of
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  Speaker 1: his marauding expeditions against the Spaniards. He had taken and
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  Speaker 1: sacked Sant Domingo, Cartagena and Fort Saint Augustine, and now
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  Speaker 1: sailing home in triumph. Knts had brought him to Raleigh's
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  Speaker 1: colony at Roanoke, and when he saw the miserable condition
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  Speaker 1: of the colonists and heard the tale of their hardships,
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  Speaker 1: he offered to take them all home to England, or
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  Speaker 1: he said, if they chose to remain, he would leave
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  Speaker 1: them a ship and food and everything that was necessary
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  Speaker 1: to keep them from want until help should come. Both
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  Speaker 1: Lane and his chief officers, who were men of spirit,
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  Speaker 1: wanted to stay, so they accepted Drake's offer of the
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  Speaker 1: loan of a ship, agreeing that after they had found
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  Speaker 1: a good place for a colony and a better harbor,
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  Speaker 1: they would go home to England and return again next year.
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  Speaker 1: Thus the matter was settled. Drake began to put provisions
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  Speaker 1: on board one of his ships for the use of
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  Speaker 1: the colony. The colonists on their side began writing letters
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  Speaker 1: to send home with drakes ships. All was business and excitement,
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  Speaker 1: but in the midst of it a great storm arose.
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  Speaker 1: It lasted for four days and was so violent that
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  Speaker 1: most of Drake's ships were forced to put out to
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  Speaker 1: sea lest they should be dashed to pieces upon the shore.
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  Speaker 1: Among the ships thus driven out to sea was that
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  Speaker 1: which Drake had promised to give Ralph Lane. And when
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  Speaker 1: the storm was over it was nowhere to be seen.
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  Speaker 1: So Drake offered another ship to Lane. It was a
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  Speaker 1: large one, too large to get into the little harbor,
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  Speaker 1: but the only one he could spare. Lane was now
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  Speaker 1: doubtful what was best to do. Did it not seem
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  Speaker 1: as if by driving away their ship God had stretched
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  Speaker 1: out his hand to take them from thence was the
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  Speaker 1: storm not meant as a sign to them? So, not
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  Speaker 1: being able to decide by himself what was best to do,
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  Speaker 1: Lane called his officers and gentlemen together and asked advice
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  Speaker 1: of them. They all begged him to go home. No
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  Speaker 1: help had come from Sir Richard Grenville, nor was it
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  Speaker 1: likely to come, for Drake had brought the news that
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  Speaker 1: war between Spain and England had been declared they knew
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  Speaker 1: that at such a time every Englishman would bend all
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  Speaker 1: his energies to the defeat of Spain, and that Raleigh
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  Speaker 1: would have neither thoughts nor money to spare for them
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  Speaker 1: far off colony. At length, it was settled that they
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  Speaker 1: should all go home in haste. Then the Englishman got
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  Speaker 1: on board, for Drake was anxious to be gone from
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  Speaker 1: the dangerous anchorage, which caused him more peril of wreck,
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  Speaker 1: says Ralph Lane, than all his former most honorable actions
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  Speaker 1: against the Spaniards. So on the nineteenth of June fifteen
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  Speaker 1: eighty six, the colonists set sail and arrived in England
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  Speaker 1: some six weeks later. They brought with them two things,
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  Speaker 1: which afterward proved to be of great importance. The first
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  Speaker 1: was tobacco. The use of it had been known ever
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  Speaker 1: since the days of Columbus, but it was now, for
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  Speaker 1: the first time brought to England. The second was the potato.
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  Speaker 1: This Raleigh planted on his estates in Ireland, and to
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  Speaker 1: this day Ireland is one of the great potato growing
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  Speaker 1: countries of the world. But meanwhile, Raleigh had not forgotten
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  Speaker 1: his colonists, and Scarce. A week after they had sailed away.
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  Speaker 1: A ship arrived, laden with all manner of things in
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  Speaker 1: most plentiful manner for the supply and relief of his colony.
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  Speaker 1: For some time the ship beat up and down the coast,
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  Speaker 1: searching vainly for the colony, and at length, finding no
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  Speaker 1: sign of it, It returned to England. About a fortnight later.
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  Speaker 1: Sir Richard Grenville also arrived with three ships. To his astonishment,
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  Speaker 1: when he reached Roanoke, he saw no sign of the
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  Speaker 1: ship which he knew had sailed shortly before him, And
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  Speaker 1: to his still greater astonishment, he found the colony deserted.
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  Speaker 1: Yet he could not believe that it had been abandoned,
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  Speaker 1: so he searched the country up and down in the
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  Speaker 1: hope of finding some of the colonists, but finding no
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  Speaker 1: trace of them, he at length gave up the search
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  Speaker 1: and returned to the forsaken huts, and, being unwilling to
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  Speaker 1: lose possession of the country, he determined to leave some
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  Speaker 1: of his men there. So fifteen men were left behind,
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  Speaker 1: well provided with everything necessary to keep them for two years.
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  Speaker 1: Then Sir Richard sailed homeward. In spite of all these mischances,
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  Speaker 1: Raleigh would not give up his great idea, and the
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  Speaker 1: following year he fitted out another expedition. This time there
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  Speaker 1: were a few women among the colonists, and John White,
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  Speaker 1: who had already been out with Lane, was chosen as governor.
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  Speaker 1: It was now decided to give up Roanoke, which had
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  Speaker 1: proved such an unfortunate spot, and the new company of
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  Speaker 1: colonists was bound for Chesapeake Bay. But before they settled there,
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  Speaker 1: they were told to go to Roanoke to pick up
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  Speaker 1: the fifteen men left by Sir Richard Grenville and take
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  Speaker 1: them to Chesapeake also. When, however, they reached Roanoke, the
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  Speaker 1: master of the vessels, who was by birth a Spaniard
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  Speaker 1: and who was perhaps in league with the Spanish, said
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  Speaker 1: that it was too late in the year to go
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  Speaker 1: seeking another spot. So whether they would or not, he
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  Speaker 1: landed the colonists and sailed away, leaving only one small
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  Speaker 1: boat with them. Thus, per force they had to take
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  Speaker 1: up their abode in the old spot. They found it deserted.
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  Speaker 1: The fort was raised to the ground, and although the
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  Speaker 1: huts were still standing, they were choked with weeds and
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  Speaker 1: overgrown with wild vines. While deer wandered in and out
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  Speaker 1: of the open doors. It was plain that for many
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  Speaker 1: months no man had lived there, and although careful search
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  Speaker 1: was made, saving the bones of one, no sign was
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  Speaker 1: found of the fifteen men left there by Sir Richard.
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  Speaker 1: At length, the new colonists learned from a few friendly
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  Speaker 1: Indians that they had been traitorously set upon by hostile Indians.
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  Speaker 1: Most of them were slain. The others escaped in their
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  Speaker 1: boat and went No man knew whither. The Englishmen were
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  Speaker 1: very angry when they heard that, and wanted to punish
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  Speaker 1: the Indians, so they set out against them. But the
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  Speaker 1: Indians fled at their coming, and the Englishmen, by mistake
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  Speaker 1: killed some of the friendly Indians instead of their enemies.
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  Speaker 1: Thus things were made worse instead of better. And now,
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  Speaker 1: amid all these troubles, on the eighteenth of August fifteen
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  Speaker 1: eighty seven, a little girl was born. Her father was
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  Speaker 1: Anonia's dare, and her mother was the daughter of John White,
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  Speaker 1: the governor. The little baby was thus the granddaughter of
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  Speaker 1: the governor, and because she was the first English child
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  Speaker 1: to be born in Virginia, she was called Virginia. But
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  Speaker 1: matters were not going well in the colony. Day by
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  Speaker 1: day the men were finding out things which were lacking,
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  Speaker 1: and which they felt they must have if they were
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  Speaker 1: not all to perish. So a few days after Virginia
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  Speaker 1: was christened, all the chief men came to the governor
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  Speaker 1: and begged him to go back to England to get
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  Speaker 1: fresh supplies and other things necessary to the life of
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  Speaker 1: the colony. John White, however, refused to go. The next day,
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  Speaker 1: not only the men, but the women also came to
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  Speaker 1: him and again begged him to go back to England.
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  Speaker 1: They begged so hard that at last the governor consented
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  Speaker 1: to go. All were agreed that the place they were
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  Speaker 1: now in was, by no means the best which might
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  Speaker 1: be chosen for a colony, and it had been determined
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  Speaker 1: that they should move some fifty miles further inland. Now
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  Speaker 1: it was arranged that if they moved while the Governor
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  Speaker 1: was away, they should carve on the trees and posts
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  Speaker 1: of door the name of the place to which they
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  Speaker 1: had gone, so that on his return he might be
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  Speaker 1: able easily to find them. And also it was arranged
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  Speaker 1: that if they were in any trouble or distress, they
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  Speaker 1: should carve a cross over the name. All these matters
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  Speaker 1: being settled, John White set forth, and it was with
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  Speaker 1: great content that the colonists saw their governor go, for
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  Speaker 1: they knew that they could send home no better man
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  Speaker 1: to look after their welfare, and they were sure he
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  Speaker 1: would bring back the food and other things which were needed.
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  Speaker 1: But when White arrived in England, he found that no man,
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  Speaker 1: not even rally, had a thought to spare for Virginia.
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  Speaker 1: For Spain was making ready all her mighty sea power
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  Speaker 1: to crush England, and the English were straining every nerve
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  Speaker 1: to meet and break that power. So John White had
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  Speaker 1: to wait with what patience he could. Often his heart
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  Speaker 1: was sick when he thought of his daughter and his
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  Speaker 1: little granddaughter, Virginia dare far away in that great unknown
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  Speaker 1: land across the sea. Often he longed to be back
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  Speaker 1: beside them. But his longings were of no avail. He
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  Speaker 1: could but wait, for every ship was seized by government
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  Speaker 1: and pressed into the service of the country. And while
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  Speaker 1: the Spaniards were at the gate, it was accounted treason
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  Speaker 1: for any Englishman to set sail to western lands. So
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  Speaker 1: the summer of fifteen eighty eight passed, the autumn came,
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  Speaker 1: and at length the great Armada sailed from Spain. It
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  Speaker 1: sailed across the narrow seas in pride and splendor, haughtily
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  Speaker 1: certain of crushing the insolent sea dogs of England. But
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  Speaker 1: God blew with his breath, and they were scattered. Before
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  Speaker 1: many days were over, these proud ships were fleeing before
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  Speaker 1: the storm, their sails torn, their masts splintered. They were
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  Speaker 1: shattered upon the rocky shores of Scotland and Ireland. They
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  Speaker 1: were swallowed by the deep. The sea power of Spain
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  Speaker 1: was broken, and the history of America truly began. For
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  Speaker 1: as has been said, the the feet of the invincible
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  Speaker 1: Armada was the opening event in the history of the
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  Speaker 1: United States. Free now from the dread of Spain, ships
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  Speaker 1: could come and go without hindrance. But another year and
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  Speaker 1: more passed before John White succeeded in getting ships and provisions,
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  Speaker 1: and setting out once more for Virginia. It was for
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  Speaker 1: him an anxious voyage, But as he neared the place
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  Speaker 1: where the colony had been, his heart rejoiced, for he
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  Speaker 1: saw smoke rising from the land. It was dark, however,
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  Speaker 1: before they reached the spot, and seeing no lights save
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  Speaker 1: that of a huge fire far in the woods, the
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  Speaker 1: governor sounded a trumpet call. The notes of the trumpet
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  Speaker 1: rang through the woods and died away to silence. Answer
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  Speaker 1: there was none. So the men called and called again,
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  Speaker 1: but still no answer came. Then, with sinking heart, John
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  Speaker 1: White bade them sing some well known English songs, for
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  Speaker 1: that he thought would surely bring an answer from the shore.
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  Speaker 1: So through the still night air, the musical sound of
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  Speaker 1: men's voices rang out, but still no answer came from
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  Speaker 1: the silent fort. With a heart heavy as led, the
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  Speaker 1: governor waited for the dawn. As soon as it was light,
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  Speaker 1: he went ashore. The fort was deserted. Grass and weeds
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  Speaker 1: grew in the ruined houses, But upon a post in
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  Speaker 1: fair capital letters was carved the word cro a Towan.
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  Speaker 1: This was the name of a neighboring island inhabited by
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  Speaker 1: friendly Indians. There was no cross or sign of distress
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  Speaker 1: carved over the letters, and when the governor saw that,
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  Speaker 1: he was greatly comforted. He spent some time searching about
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  Speaker 1: for other signs of the colonists. In one place he
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  Speaker 1: found some iron and lead thrown aside as if too
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  Speaker 1: heavy to carry away, and now overgrown with weeds. In
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  Speaker 1: another he found five chests which had evidently been buried
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  Speaker 1: by the colonists and dug up again by the Indians.
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  Speaker 1: They had been burst open, and the contents lay scattered
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  Speaker 1: about the grass. Three of these chests John White saw
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  Speaker 1: were his own, and it grieved him greatly to see
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  Speaker 1: his things spoiled and broken. His books were torn from
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  Speaker 1: their covers, his pictures and maps were rotten with the rain,
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  Speaker 1: and his armor almost eaten through with rust. At length,
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  Speaker 1: having searched in vain for any other signs of the colonists,
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  Speaker 1: the English returned to the ships and set sail for Croatoan.
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  Speaker 1: But now they encountered terrible storms. Their ships were battered
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  Speaker 1: this way, and that their sails were torn, their anchors lost,
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  Speaker 1: and at length, in spite of all entreaties, the captain
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  Speaker 1: resolved to make sail for England. So John White never
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  Speaker 1: saw Croatoan, never knew what had become of his dear ones,
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  Speaker 1: And what happened to little Virginia Dare, the first English
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  Speaker 1: girl to be born on the soil of the United States,
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  Speaker 1: will never be known. But years afterwards, the settlers were
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  Speaker 1: told by the Indians that the white people left at
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  Speaker 1: Roanoke had gone to live among the Indians for some years.
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  Speaker 1: It was said they all lived in a friendly manner together.
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  Speaker 1: In time, however, the medicine men began to hate the
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  Speaker 1: pale faces and caused them all to be slain except
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  Speaker 1: four men, one young woman, and three boys. Was the
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  Speaker 1: young woman, perhaps Virginia dare No one can tell. All
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  Speaker 1: Raleigh's attempts at founding a colony had thus come to nothing.
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  Speaker 1: Still he did not despair. Once again he sent out
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  Speaker 1: an expedition, but that too failed, and the leader returned
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  Speaker 1: having done nothing. Even this did not break Raleigh's faith
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  Speaker 1: in the future of Virginia. I shall yet live to
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  Speaker 1: see it an English nation, he said. But although Raleigh's
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  Speaker 1: faith was as firm as before, his money was gone.
• 18:51
  Speaker 1: He had spent enormous sums on his fruitless efforts to
• 18:54
  Speaker 1: found a colony. Now he had no more to spend,
• 18:57
  Speaker 1: And now great changes came good. Queen Bess died and
• 19:02
  Speaker 1: James of Scotland reigned in her stead. Raleigh fell into disgrace,
• 19:07
  Speaker 1: was imprisoned in the tower, and after a short release,
• 19:11
  Speaker 1: was beheaded there. Thus an end came to all his
• 19:14
  Speaker 1: splendid schemes. Never before, perhaps, had such noble devotion to
• 19:19
  Speaker 1: king and country been so basely requited at the time
• 19:23
  Speaker 1: it was said that never before was English justice so
• 19:26
  Speaker 1: injured or so disgraced as by the sentence of death
• 19:29
  Speaker 1: passed upon Raleigh. No man is perfect, nor was Raleigh perfect.
• 19:34
  Speaker 1: But he was a great man. And although all his
• 19:37
  Speaker 1: plans failed, we remember him as the first great colonizer,
• 19:42
  Speaker 1: the first Englishman to gain possession of any part of
• 19:46
  Speaker 1: North America. End of Chapter twelve lest the end of
• 19:51
  Speaker 1: the first part of this country of Ours by H. E. Marshall,
• 19:56
  Speaker 1: read by Kara Shallenberg,