Latest / Made of Stars / It's a Big Day for Virgin Galactic

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It's a Big Day for Virgin Galactic · Made of Stars

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Warning. The following podcast contains an entertaining look at astronomy, physics, and
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space news throughout the known universe. Listeners have been known to learn about astronomical
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phenomenon the scientific method and expand their vocabulary to include terms like quasar asterism and
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uranus. Listen, that's your own risk. Go ahead. Where made of
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Stars, Made of stars? Made where Stars? You could be from High
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Hollywood, New Mexico, Mars, Where Stars? When we are made of
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Stars. I'm West Carroll, joined by my good friend doctor Sean Cruizen from
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Lumba State Universities Coca Cola Space Science Center. Hey, Sean, last,
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it's good to be here with you. It's an exciting day. There's some
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fun things going on. Yeah, there's a couple of very important flights that
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are taking place today. One has sort of just happened as we're recording this.
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We don't really have a lot of information about it other than the fact
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that, as far as we know successful, we'll talk more about it next
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week. As because that tends to be the case. We had a whole
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situation with a really really large SpaceX rocket and it seemed like that was all
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good, and then as time went on, it wasn't quite as good,
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and then it wasn't quite as bad as it seems. So this is all
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kind of a fluid thing. But we'll just start with Virgin Galactic and so
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far, at least at this point, they've had a successful launch. Yeah,
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just in a super abbreviated summary, everything looks like it went well for
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space. I'm sorry for Virgin Galactics VSS Unity launch. It's Galactic two is
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actually the name of the actual space flight itself, and we know that we
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know that it got to the correct altitude, the vehicle separated, it flew
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successfully, it's come back down and landed. So it looks like everybody's home
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and doing well. Who's on board again. We're gonna go into more detail
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in this next week, so you can come back. We'll have a better
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summary. But there's a gentleman by the name of John Goodwin who is a
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former Olympic athlete. That was a lady who was selected for her flight to
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space in some kind of a fundraising competition. Her name is Keisha Shahaf and
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she was born in Antigua. And then Keisha got to select another person to
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go with her, so she selected her daughter to go. So her daughter
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is Anastasia Mayors, and Anastasia is studying physics in the UK. So the
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first mother daughter duo to ever go to space just happened today, all right.
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So that's what we know quickly about the Virgin Galactic flight. And again
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sounds like everything went well, and we'll have a better summary, a more
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complete summary of that next week. So, but a big day as far
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as we know at this point for Virgin Galactic. And this is taking another
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step towards a promise they made a really long time ago towards getting to this
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stage for their company. Yeah, they were really the leaders in the whole
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idea of commercial space bringing that to fruition. And I mean a lot of
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us who are, at least I'm not an industry insider, but I pay
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attention to the industry. A lot of us thought that they would be the
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first to have you know, kind of regular commercial flights going. They just
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had such a lead on everyone else, and the state of New Mexico built
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them a spaceport fundamentally, and so so it's good to see even though they
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they weren't maybe at the very point of that vanguard, it's good to see
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them now having flights, having success and some folks getting to enjoy a ride
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to space on a virgin galactic vehicle. All right, And then it was
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also we have a launch happening today that is Russia working on getting a lander
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back on the Moon, first time in a really long time since they've done.
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We talked about this in a podcast a couple of weeks ago, and
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we talked about a whole vanguard of spacecraft. I'm using the word vanguard a
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lot. I'm not sure why, but a whole vanguard. It's a new
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vanguard of robotic spacecraft that are going up to land on the Moon. And
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so today is going to be another one of those launches sending a vehicle toward
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the Moon. Today it's apparently going to be Russia. They are supposed to
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launch tonight at seven ten pm Eastern daylight time. You can actually watch that
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on spaceflight now dot com. There's gonna be a link for some kind of
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a webcast for tuning into that event. So Russia launching its first mission to
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the Moon since nineteen seventy six. They'll be launch launching from the cosmodrome in
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the far East of Russia and liftoff eastern daylight time around seven ten pm.
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You can watch live on spaceflight now dot com. I was one, by
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the way, just for reference the last time, so it's I've put a
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few years on since that point. So let's talk about SpaceX because I mentioned
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a minute ago their last you know, very very very large rocket launch and
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all the repercussions that came after that. So we're back to doing some more
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testing for SpaceX and their huge rocket line. When you decide to launch the
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biggest rocket ever built by human beings, the most powerful, largest rocket ever
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built by human beings, and that launch turns into the rocket exploding before it
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gets to orbit out over the Gulf of Mexico in an uncontrolled fashion and had
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to autodetonate the thing when it also turns into you completely destroyed your launch pad
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facility and threw enough bricks and rocks and sand over other people's houses that you
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had many, many, many complaints, which led them to FAA investigations.
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You still call it a success because you're Elon Musk, so you still say,
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yeah, that was That's exactly what we meant to do well. And
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on top of that, he also called the destroying the launch pad he predicted
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that, which is kind of a weird side to it because it wasn't really
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what everybody thought he met and in reality he ended up being right about that
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as well. So it's kind of a weird thing. We just assumed he
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meant he would, you know, he was open they wouldn't destroy the launch
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pad by the rocket blowing up there. But no, he destroyed the launch
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pad, which also I guess makes it a win. I mean, he
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did get to test their detonation system too, right, the safety features of
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this vehicle. You got to show the things go bad, that's right.
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He got to show being responsible, which some countries don't do that. We've
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addressed that in the past. We don't have to pick on China right now,
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but we've we've addressed that in the past. Yeah, I mean,
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I mean, so, I guess you click off enough of those milestones,
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you say, that's exactly what we needed to do is pull that one off,
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all right, So enough picking on Elon. It was a successful launch.
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They have made engineering modifications to both the rocket and the launch bad based
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on that first flight, and ladies and gentlemen, in all sincerity, this
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is how SpaceX does things. They practice a process called the agile design process
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or agile engineering. They go and blow things up, and they make modifications,
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and they blow things up and make modifications, and pretty soon they're landing
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booster rockets every single time on barges floating at sea, like that could ever
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be a thing. Well, now it would be a news story if they
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didn't land their booster rocket on the barge out at sea. Right. So,
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agile development, that's the phrase my brain was trying to pull out.
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So the agile development process. If you remember Star Trek the Next Generation,
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if you ever watch that series and you think about how the Board did things,
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you know, they would send a first little wave of people over to
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you know, maybe the Enterprise or another ship, and I guess you can
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call them people. They're kind of cyborg. You know, I'm really doing
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a bad job describing the board, but they're half human, half robot creatures
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that they planted technology. And they would send the first I didn't say Vanguard,
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but they would send the first wave of those critters over to the Federation
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ship and they would get blasted by phasers and be vaporized instantly, and they
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would say, oh, well, they're gonna when we land people over they're
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gonna blast them with phasers, so let's send them over there where they can't
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blast them with phasers anymore, and they would. Then the next wave would
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show up with shielding where you couldn't do that, and then you'd have to
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like oscillate the phaser frequencies so they didn't match the shields. Oh, but
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then they would figure that trick out, and pretty soon they figured out all
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the tricks. You know, they go through an iterative process, and they
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have figured out all the tricks. Well, you know, Elon must took
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this to heart, and that's exactly how SpaceX does their agile development. They
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simply have failures, they figure them out and then go fix them and go
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on. Instead of as opposed to trying to figure out everything that could potentially
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go wrong and putting in all kinds of measures, shall we say, to
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prevent any possible uncertainty. The SpaceX method is not that. It is,
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Hey, let's just build a rocket and we'll see what blows up. We'll
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fix that, and we'll blow it up again. We'll fix that, and
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pretty soon our rockets will launch, they'll land, they'll carry people to the
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National Space Station and they'll do all that stuff. So, so okay,
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bringing it back to Starship and the super Heavy Booster, they had a launch.
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They broke their rocket and they broke their launch pad. But like the
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Borg, they have now modified both the rocket and the launch pad. And
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one of the things that they done to the launchpad is they went ahead and
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put in that watery sound suppression system very similar to what is down at the
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Kennedy Space Center had been there for years for the Space Shuttle, that kind
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of thing where they have giant water towers and they just throw in all kinds
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of water onto the launch pad to suppress the acoustic waves or the sound waves
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coming from the rocket. Because that's what did all the damage to the to
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the launch pads at Kennedy Space Center. It's also likely what did all the
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damage underneath that Starship Heavy Booster. So they've they've modified that. They have
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also put rockets on the stages of the Starship so that the starship stage can
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separate itself from the booster stage with actual rockets on board rocket engines. And
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that is very similar to what was done during the Gemini program at NASA,
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and so so they it's not that they didn't know these things existed. It's
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not like they had to find out that, you know, the existence of
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these measures. What they had to find out is whether or not they needed
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them. And so now that they know that they need them, they're employing
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them. They're changing the rocket, they're changing the launch pad, and they're
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getting ready for another launch. Well, part of that was a test firing
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of the engines on the main booster that they did on the sixth of August,
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which was just last Sundays we're recording this podcast. And so they fired
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up all those thirty three Raptor engines that make up the super heavy Boosters power
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plant. It turns out that of the thirty three, four of them refused
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used to fire, so there was a premature shut down. So it's not
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that it worked perfectly, but all in all, again remembering how SpaceX does
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things, they try things, they see what goes wrong, they fix it,
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and they move on agile development process. They're now looking into why those
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four boosters didn't fire, but they're saying, hey, this was a successful
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test. We've fired some engines, we used our water suppression system, we
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didn't blow up our launch pad again. So and by the way. Part
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of that launchpad now contains a giant water cooled metal plate that's down there at
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the bottom of the launchpad, and that helps protect the structure of the launchpad
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from these really really powerful engines, thirty three of them in total. If
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you want to know more about all of their modifications and how this test went,
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there's a great story on spaceflight now dot com. You can check out
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all about the test firing of the Starship super Heavy booster. Buy SpaceX.
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Let's talk about the International Space Station because there's a layer of dust on it
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on the outside and concerns about whether or not this is toxic. Is that?
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Is that? Am I getting that right? Well, it's close.
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It's on the inside. So on the inside there's dust that's on the inside
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of the vehicle where the human beings are. Well, that's just regular old
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dust, isn't it. It's like what's around your house, isn't it.
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Probably heard stories about what your household dust mostly is composed of, and it's
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rather unpleasant, and it has to do with the human body largely. Even
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sure, you know those are for people who don't live on dirt roads like
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I do, because I'm pretty sure that our household dust is mostly composed of
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the dust from our dirt road that I live on. But anyway, so
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yeah, so so there are those kinds of items that generate dust that can
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gather up in your household. But there's also some more kind of more complicated
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and more toxic chemical chemicals that can also be uh components of the dust in
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a in an average household. And they conclude things that come from cleaning materials
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or possibly your furniture or possibly cleaning products, you know, like like your
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mob you know, or your vacuum cleaner whatever might be throwing out bits of
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plastic or other components, right, and all of this stuff gets gets spread
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throughout your house as dust in these little microparticles all over the place. All
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right. Well, so what NASA did is they took a look at the
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dust that's gathering inside the International Space Station and they said, how does this
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compare to that you know, survey of US homes, How does it compare
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to daycare centers? How does it compare to stuff that we normally encounter in
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our daily lives. Is dust on the International Space Station in any way similar
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or is it, you know, drastically different from our ordinary living environments.
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Well, what they found was kind of interesting and maybe a little a little
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bit scary. There are a lot of harmful compounds that we do find in
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our households, but we find them in much lower quantities. They're in higher
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quantities in the dust aboard the International Space Station, and they include this one
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compound called per floral octane ocket assets per floral oct acids. I'm I can't
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say it the first time. Pfoa's yeah, that's good. I'm just gonna
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go with the acronym. So these things are known as pfoas. You can
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look them up online if you want. But it's a compound that's often found
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in things like non stick or stain stain resistant products in our households. You
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might find it sometimes in food packaging. You might find it in if you
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have different kinds of uh materials in your house, like insulating or other kinds
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of phones. You can find it in firefighting foam, like the kind of
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phone that they would come in and spray if you had a fire in your
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house, or it might be inside of a fire extinguisher, that kind of
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stuff. Okay, So those are not generally conceived to be healthy products.
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They're generally thought to be potentially harmful products. Right, these particles pfoas and
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there are in the normal average household or about two parts per million. Well
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they're on the space station at about three point three parts per million, which
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at first doesn't sound like a giant difference, but it's almost double, right,
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So they have almost the double the amount of pfoa's in the air and
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just on surfaces aboard the International Space Station then we find in our in our
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average household home. Now there's a reason they're finding these things there. These
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chemicals are often used in flame retarding materials, which inside the space station has
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all kinds of flame retarding materials. One of the worst things that could possibly
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happen aboard the space station is a fire. They also have onboard foams and
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webbing and fabrics that can also be sources of these pfoas and all of those
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materials. You might have those onboard the space station that are just made out
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of different materials than you would use in your home. And that's because of
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the unique environment of the spacecraft itself and how they have to treat both water
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and air in a zero gravity environment as opposed to how you treated in your
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own home. So anyway, there are other compounds that were listed in the
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study. The story can be found on astronomy dot com, but they'll probably
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be looking at various filtering or other kinds of solutions or remedies to try to
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further purify the air aboard not only the International Space Station, but aboard future
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space stations being developed for commercial and government lights. A couple of observations,
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and this is a It's obviously a very different story if it's inside versus outside.
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So now I can understand why it's I was trying to understand why it
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was so important about but I just assumed there was something that was collecting on
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it that was sort of under the category of being dost And as far as
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fire on the International Space Station being a bad thing, I've seen the movie
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Alien. We've covered this before. They smoked cigarettes straight out of hibernation and
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walked around with flamethrowers. So you can't convince me because I've seen it.
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I know how this works. I saw it in the movie, and I'm
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pretty sure they also used flamethrowers in the following Alien movies as well. I
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just haven't watched those as recently. You know, far be it for me
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to tell Ridley what she can do, right, But I'm not going there.
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But I will tell you this that in terms of fire aboard a space
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station, not everything about this movie was scientifically wonderful, but Gravity gave you
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a really good look at why fire aboard a space station, and particularly the
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International Space Station could be an immediate and very dangerous situation, a very dangerous
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circumstances. Also, space debris gave us give us a little why fire is
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bad. Check out Gravity, and yes, space debris also another thing that's
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a real, real and legitimate problem that they kind of highlight in the movie
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Gravity. So so if you want to know why space debris and onboard fires
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are bad, check out Standard Bullock running for her life in microgravity up there.
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It's kind of interesting. Yeah, I mean, the science may not
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have all been perfect in it, and but I like the movie. It's
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to me, I thought that was the best movie the year that it came
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out. So let's talk about Now. Hawaii is in the news right now
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as we're recording this. On Thursday the tenth, there's a horrible wildfire situation
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on Maui, and our prayers and thoughts are certainly with those people there.
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That is a horrible situation that they're in. And all these stories about people
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jumping on boats trying to get away just to avoid flames. That's a horrible
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situation going on there. And we have a Hawaii related story, not exactly
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but just for comparison's sake, and it relates to Mars. So a story
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that has Hawaiian the title that's about the planet Mars always gets my attention.
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And this one ran maybe ten days were a bit more ago in Universe today
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dot com. They had a great article on this. But the question is
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was Olympus Mons And by the way, if you don't know what Olympus Mons
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is, it's the largest mountain on the planet Mars. It's also the largest
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volcano in the Solar System anywhere, So it's a really really big mountain.
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The perimeter of the base of Mount Olympus Olympus Mons up there on Mars is
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about the size of Colorado. So you know, I grew up in Colorado.
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I'm pretty proud of our rocky mountains, but this one mountain would crush
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the entire state. So that gives you some kind of sense of perspective.
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Okay, So the question is, was Olympus Mons once like a giant island
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in some kind of an island chain similar to the Hawaiian islands. You see,
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the Hawaiian Islands has some very large mountains that go up from the surface
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of those islands up to very high altitudes. And on one of those mountains
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there are a whole range of really large telescopes that's up on Monakea, and
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Monica is a extinct volcano. Well, the notion is, if if you
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could suddenly drain the Pacific Ocean, the mountain Monica doesn't stop at the level
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at sea level, at what was one sea level. It goes much farther
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down, all the way down to the ocean floor, and therefore Monica is
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actually one of the largest mountains on Earth, even rivaling Everest. So the
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notion is, if you could just see that mountain in isolation, without all
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that pesky ocean water, it would be a substantially more impressive mountain on its
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own. Okay, Well, there is one of those on Mars. It's
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a Mount Olympus or Olympus Mons. But we also know that back in the
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history of Mars, Mars had substantial water on its surface that collected into large
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lakes and even oceans. And so the question is when water was flowing abundantly
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on the surface Mars, what did that mean for the history of Olympus Mons.
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Was it an island chain? And a study has come out and said,
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you know, we really do think this. The data was taken with
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NASA's Mars Global Surveyor and they use an altimeter to figure out first of all
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how big the mountain is and all those height elements, but also to figure
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out how high water would have been in that general area and how it would
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have interacted with the mountain. Well, it turns out that wind Mars had
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a denser atmosphere and a warmer environment and water float across its surface, that
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this giant mountain on Mars really probably would have been very similar to the Hawaiian
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Islands. Again, this is a study that was done. It was done
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by the National Center for Scientific Research in France. They have a French French
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pronunciation of that which gives you an acronym of CNRS. So the CNRS in
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France looked at the features of Olympus Mons and saw that it really would have
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been very interesting to compare what Olympus and Mons look like then compared to our
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Hawaiian islands now, and somehow it would have been very similar. So if
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there was a time on Mars during this liquid water phase where life may have
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existed in Martian oceans, they may have interacted with the boundary of Olympus Mons,
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very similar to how aquatic creatures today interact with the boundaries of the Hawaiian
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islands. So that might be a good place to go and look at that
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presumed water level and see if there are any former signs of life on the
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planet Mars. Coming up, after a quick break, we're gonna talk about
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great opportunity to check out the Persian meteor shower. We'll talk about that right
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after this. Okay, So we mentioned we're recording this on the tenth of
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August, going into the weekend. Good opportunity, especially if you can get
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away from city lights to check out the Persian meteor shower. You know,
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I love meteor showers. There are a lot of fun I encourage people to
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go out and see meteor showers, but I do have to just kind of
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give people some caveats as we go through. And so so I'm gonna I'm
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gonna provide those caveats as we talk about the Persia meter showers on this show.
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So, first of all, the Persiids they have that name because they
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appear to come from a certain direction in the sky, and that direction in
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the sky is the constellation as roughly where the Constellation of Perseus is this time
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of year, and that ends up being caused by a stream of material that
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was left by an extinct comment and so that we passed through that material at
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the same time in the same place every year, and so those particles always
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look like they stream in from that same constellation, which is why meteor showers
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are named after constellations in the sky. So this meteor shower named after the
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constellation of Perseus, so we call it the Percid meteor shower just be it
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belongs to that constellation or looks like it belongs to that constellation. It peaks
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roughly on August twelfth every year. This year will be no exception, So
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as we're recording the show, August twelfth is this weekend. It's actually Saturday
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night into Sunday morning eastern daylight times when you're gonna have that peak in the
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meteor stream. As Earth is passing through. Great thing about that is number
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one. It's on the weekend, right, so you don't have to go
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I mean, maybe you go to work Sunday morning. I don't know.
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I shouldn't make generalizations, but most people have Sunday off, so most people
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can maybe do a little sleeping in or at least grabbing an afternoon nap later
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on that day or something like that. So it's a weekend event. Great.
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The other thing is one of the phenomenon in the sky that tends to
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really ruin meteor showers are full moons. Moonlight drowns out the faint light from
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these little bits of rock and dust that are coming in through the atmosphere,
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and you just simply can't see many of them because the sky is not as
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dark when there's a giant full moon. Ah. But lo and behold this
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weekend twenty twenty three. It's nearly a new moon. It's a very slight,
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waning crescent moon. So the cycle is almost completed and the moon really
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won't offer much resistance to you being able to see this, So as long
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as you're in good weather, then that's the third bummer that kind of disturbs
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viewing of meter showers. The clouds and rain obviously, but it looks like,
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at least in our location west thunderstorms should kind of wrap up a little
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bit earlier and you should be able to see this meter shower. So we
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have a three for three green light. Go see the meter shower where we
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live Saturday night into Sunday morning, August twelve into August thirteenth. And what
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I will tell you in one last piece of information is meteor showers are always
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best viewed after midnight. Now, this is kind of the disappointing news for
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many folks, actually, those with small children. They want to go out
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at nine pm, have a quick meter shower experience, be dunking cookies in
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milk by nine twenty five and have the kids in bed by nine thirty.
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Okay, Well, that's not the way meter showers work because as the planet
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orbits the Sun, it also rotates on its axis, and so as we
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move into the meteor stream in the earlier part of the evening, it's almost
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like we're backing up into it, and so we have our backs facing the
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meter shower. That's the back of the Earth, by the way, not
28:29
you personally. So it's not going to just be able to spin around and
28:32
look the other direction. That's not what I'm talking about. The Earth itself
28:34
is backing up into the meter stream, so we have to wait to see
28:40
the full extent of the shower until after the planet has rotated into the direction
28:45
that it's traveling. That happens after midnight, so slowly and steadily, the
28:51
number of meteors that you're going to see per minute or per hour should increase
28:56
from sunset to midnight, with best rates being visible after midnight. All right,
29:03
So if you do have small children and there's no way you're getting them
29:06
up after midnight to see a meter shower, let alone let them stay up.
29:10
Does that mean you shouldn't go look right after sunset? The answer that's
29:14
no. It doesn't mean that you actually should go look, but just keep
29:18
your expectations in check. You just might not see as many meteors. So
29:22
if you look at like a you pull up online and look at an hourly
29:26
rate, how many of these things should I see per hour? The hourly
29:30
rate is going to be at its maximum after midnight, so just expect to
29:34
see a lot fewer than that in the earlier parts of the evening, maybe
29:40
maybe one or two per minute as opposed to say ten per minute or more
29:45
at the max. You've said after midnight enough that I'm gonna have Eric Clapton
29:51
stuck in my head all day, just so that you're aware of that,
29:53
all right, So school is basically back in some way, shape or form
29:57
now. I think for most of the schools in our area. There may
30:00
still be a few stragglers that haven't quite gotten started yet, but for the
30:04
most part, they're back. So that means you guys have now transitioned over
30:08
to schools in session mode. At the Coca Cola Space Science Center, we
30:12
have and we're looking forward to those students coming back. What we're doing to
30:15
get ready for the students who are going to be coming back just a little
30:18
bit after Labor Day is we're actually putting in a new display. And this
30:22
new display is a maze made out of tubes powered by air, and so
30:29
it's kind of like an air coaster, and you're gonna be able to put
30:33
these little objects, they're much like a scarf, into the air maze,
30:37
and you're gonna get to see this thing zip through this maze of air and
30:41
whip around all the curves and spirals like a giant roller coaster and then spit
30:45
out the top and repeat that action again. So good fun for adults.
30:51
We've already been playing with it all my staff, but it's also good fun
30:55
first younger children, right, So this is one of those new exhibits that's
30:59
great for all ages, and we know that they'll really have a good time
31:03
with this for not five seconds, not ten seconds, but many, many
31:07
minutes or even an hour of just playing with this toy out there. So
31:11
we're really happy to be introducing this new exhibit that will be coming right after
31:15
Labor Day. We're working on it now, so ladies and gentlemen. Also,
31:19
something that's coming up as kind of a it doesn't really start before school,
31:23
but it's an early school treat. We have our Columbus Comic Book and
31:27
Toy Show. It's going to be happening on the twenty seventh of August.
31:30
That's a Sunday. We're gonna be getting together and many exhibitors and collectors will
31:37
be displaying and selling some comic book of paraphernalia, also toys and collectibles from
31:45
various motion pictures, you know, particularly sci fi motion pictures. Let's just
31:48
be honest and those kinds of things. Why do we do this, let
31:52
Space Science Center, because we know that science fiction inspires scientists, right.
32:00
We know that people that go investigate science probably got their start in terms of
32:05
the curiosity built up for the subject by watching science fiction movies. And that's
32:08
another reason West why we would support your coverage of Dragon Con and all of
32:14
the pregame events leading up to that. So we love sci fi and we're
32:16
gonna be doing that again down at our facility on August twenty seven. Now
32:21
there's one more thing about that. The night before, at Columbus's River Center,
32:28
they're going to be airing a motion picture I should say screening emotion picture
32:31
called into the Spider Verse. But they're going to be doing that with a
32:37
live orchestra, which is just really amazing. And ladies and gentlemen, we
32:43
will be offering combo tickets where you can get discounts to both events, both
32:47
the musical motion picture concert at River Center and then us about a block away
32:54
from that. The next morning, you'll be able to come over to the
32:57
Columbus Comic Book and Toy Show and get discount of prices for both of those
33:00
events. If you want more information, check out our website or follow us
33:07
on Facebook. Website is www dot cc SSC dot org. Charlie Charlie Sam
33:14
Sham, Sam Sham Charlie dot org. I've just been my tongue got washed
33:19
west and i haven't been able to iron it completely flat Charlie Charlie, Sam
33:23
Sam Charlie dot org. On that note, we'll wrap things up and we
33:30
thank you for listening, and we'll see you guys again next week. Overhead
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