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Election Confirmed by God’s Call | John Calvin · Reformed Thinking

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Welcome along to the Deep Dive. We're the place that takes
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sometimes, well, pretty dense theological material and tries
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to unpack it for you. This is Reformed thinking, and
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today we're attacking maybe one of the biggest, most
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foundational topics you can imagine.
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We're tracing God's eternal decision, his will, right from
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that hidden decree all the way into the believers heart, into
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that feeling of certainty. We're looking at the chain
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election, then God's call, both kinds, and then the assurance of
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adoption that comes from it. We've got quite a stack of
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sources here really digging into the sequence, the mechanics of
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how God works this out, you know, the cause, how it shows
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up, and the certainty that results.
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Our mission really is to get a solid handle on these mechanics
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and crucially, to see the difference between, well, a
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right way to seek assurance versus a kind of dangerous
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speculative path that can actually trip people up.
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It all kind of boils down to this massive question, doesn't
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it? How can you really know for sure
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that you're one of the elect? And what part does the Holy
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Spirit play in giving you that rock solid assurance?
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That really is the question, isn't it?
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Because, you know, everything hinges on election or
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predestination. That's the starting point for
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this whole chain. But straight away the sources
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make it clear this starting point is hidden.
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It's veiled. We can't just look at it
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directly. Election, as it's defined here,
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is God's eternal secret plan. It's the cause behind everything
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else. And because it's the cause, it
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comes first and it determines what follows the call.
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The spirits work, the faith that results.
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We absolutely have to stress this election is purely about
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God's grace and mercy. It's not about us.
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OK, so the order is critical. God chooses first, then he works
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faith in someone. The sources seem really careful
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to separate cause and effect here to avoid any idea that we
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somehow earn this. Exactly, they draw a very sharp
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line. Faith is the result of election.
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It's the work produced by election.
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It's definitely not the cause of election.
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See election doesn't look down the quarters of time.
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See our faith and then choose us.
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No, the eternal decree itself is what generates faith in the
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elect. If you flip that around, say God
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chose us because he knew we'd believe, well, then salvation
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suddenly depends partly on us, on our response.
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And that undermines the whole idea that election rests solely
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on God's free choice, his favor. The doctor protects itself, you
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could say, by insisting election doesn't need our faith to be
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valid. Faith just flows from it.
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So if that plan is well kept secret, what happens if we try
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to peek behind the curtain anyway?
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It's tempting, isn't it, to try and figure out, am I on the
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list? Oh.
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Absolutely. And the sources described that
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attempt in frankly quite alarming terms, trying to
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penetrate that secret decree directly just by using our own
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minds or looking inward. It's compared to staring into a
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deep. Abyss.
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A deep abyss, yes. Or a bottomless Whirlpool that
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can just swallow us up. It's a warning against trying to
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grasp something that's fundamentally beyond our direct
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reach. That's strong language, yeah.
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It suggests there's a real spiritual danger.
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There a profound 1. The sources actually identify
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this impulse as one of Satan's main tactics.
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A most grievous or dangerous temptation, they call it.
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He stirs this wicked desire to seek election outside the way,
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meaning outside of God's revealed method.
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It's not genuine seeking. It's presented as a kind of
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theological pride. To know what only God knows.
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Precisely. We're warned against this rash
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searching. It's called a deadly rock
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against which no one is ever dashed without destruction,
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because it pulls us away from God's Word, away from Christ,
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into speculation about God's in mind.
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We're told to restrain this desire, not because we should be
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ignorant, but out of what the sources call a soberness of
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faith, trusting what God has revealed.
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OK, so the cause is hidden. It's all about God's grace.
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But election isn't just some abstract idea floating out
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there. It has a purpose, right?
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A big purpose focused on God's glory involving both the saves
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and the lost. Yes, the purpose is definitely
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multifaceted. First, you have the purpose
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concerning the elect themselves. The plan is designed that we,
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adopted as sons by our Heavenly Father, may obtain salvation and
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immortality by His favor. So the elect are chosen
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beforehand to be made like Christ, prepared as vessels of
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mercy. The end goal for the elect is
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always certain salvation and eternal life.
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And then there's the second aspect, which often feels more
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challenging to grasp, how election displays God's glory,
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not just his mercy, but also his, well, his severity or
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justice. Absolutely, and this is crucial
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for a full picture. The aim is to make it crystal
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clear that salvation comes entirely from God's mercy.
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When you trace it back to its origin election.
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You see, as the sources put it, mercy alone appears on every
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side. God's decree guarantees that His
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free goodness gets all the credit because there was nothing
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in the elect person themselves that made them deserve being
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chosen. OK, that highlights the mercy
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side, but then the flip side is God's glory being shown even in
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the condemnation of the non elect, the reprobate.
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The sources don't shy away from this aspect of God's justice.
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No, they don't. They're very direct.
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God's glory is shown forth in the condemnation of the
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reprobate. Those whom God in His sovereign
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plan designated for dishonor, become instruments of His wrath
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and examples of His severity. This happens through a judgement
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that is described as perfectly just, even if the reasons behind
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the initial decree are inscrutable beyond our full
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understanding. So it's not arbitrary.
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Not arbitrary cruelty, no. It's presented as part of God's
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sovereign design to display the fullness of His character, His
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righteous judgement alongside His free goodness.
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You really have to hold both aspects together to grasp the
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scope of the decree as presented here.
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Right, OK, let's follow that chain then.
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If election is the hidden cause, the next link is the call.
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This seems to be where God's hidden plan starts to become
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well, visible or experienced. The call is the attestation,
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right? The way God brings the elect
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into actually possessing what was planned for them.
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Exactly. The call functions as the
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testimony, the outward sign or evidence of God's eternal
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choice, and the sources are very careful to distinguish between
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two kinds of calling. We must keep these separate, the
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general call and the special call.
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OK, let's start with the general call, the universal one.
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Right. This is described as the call by
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which God invites all equally to Himself through the outward
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preaching of the Word. It's indiscriminate.
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Think of a preacher proclaiming the gospel in a public square.
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The message goes out to everyone there, all equally.
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It's shared, as the sources say, also with the wicked.
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Everyone hears the same external message.
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And even though that offer itself is an expression of God's
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grace, the outward preaching alone can't be full proof of
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election. Why is that distinction so
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vital? Well, think about it.
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If simply hearing the general call proved you were elect, then
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everyone whoever heard a sermon would be saved and old.
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That's clearly not the case, is it?
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The offer is genuinely made, which shows God's goodness, but
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the outward word by itself doesn't have the power to create
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saving faith in someone who hasn't been chosen for that
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special work of the Spirit. Which leads to that really stark
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idea. For those who reject it, the
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general actually makes their situation worse.
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It increases their judgement. It does.
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For those who hear God's offer of love in Christ and turn away
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from it, that same general call changes its nature.
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For them, it becomes, in the words of the sources, a saver of
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death. It serves as an occasion for
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severe condemnation. Why?
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Because it removes any excuse. They can't plead ignorance.
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God spoke. He offered salvation and they
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willfully rejected it. The outward call makes them
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fully accountable for their unbelief.
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OK, so the general call is broad, makes people accountable,
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but doesn't inherently save. That must mean the special call
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is where the saving power lies. How do the sources describe this
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special effectual call? This is the call that God deems,
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for the most part, to give to the believers alone.
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It's distinct because it is the saving work and the key
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difference, the mechanism, is the inward illumination of His
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Spirit. That's the crucial element.
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When the Holy Spirit works internally, He makes the
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preached Word truly dwell in the hearts of the elect.
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It doesn't just hit the eardrum, it penetrates the heart.
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And that inward illumination is what overcomes our natural
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resistance, right? That heart of stone idea from
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Reformed theology. Our inability to come to God on
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our own. Precisely the Spirit's light is
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designed specifically to bypass and overcome that inherent
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resistance, that spiritual deadness.
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The sources bring in a Dustin here.
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Quite helpfully, Augustine's insight is everyone who has
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truly heard and learned from the Father does come to Christ.
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The learning isn't just intellectual, it's an internal,
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effective teaching by God. The Father heard within, is the
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one who does the decisive work. He removes the heart of stone
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and gives a heart of flesh. That's why this inner call is
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described as a pledge of salvation that cannot deceive
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us. It's God's own irresistible work
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taking place. So experiencing this inner call
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is the beginning of actually enjoying your election,
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realizing you're sharing it. But you mentioned something
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earlier about temporary illumination.
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That sounds like a potential source of great anxiety for
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people. We need to be clear about that.
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Yes, this needs careful handling.
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The sources do acknowledge that some people experience a kind of
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illumination from God that is only for a time.
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These individuals might show outward signs, maybe some
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initial excitement, some moral improvement.
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They might even seem part of the church for a while.
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But eventually they fall away. So what's the actual difference,
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according to the sources, between that temporary
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experience and the real saving special call?
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Is it just a matter of degree? It's presented as more than just
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degree. It's about the nature and depth
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of the connection to Christ. They fall away, the sources say,
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because they never cleave to Christ with the hereafter trust.
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That phrase, Hereafter trust suggests a deep, settled,
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lasting confidence in Christ Himself, a reliance that
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endures. This comes only from the sealing
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work of the spirit of adoption. Temporary illumination might
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stir the emotions, maybe even convince the intellect for a
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while, but it doesn't fundamentally change the will or
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root the soul in Christ. With that permanent persevering
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trust, the truly elect receive an inner work that ensures they
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do persevere to the end. OK, that's a critical
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distinction, so let's follow this.
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The special call is effective. It produces belief.
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But then how does a person know this has happened to them?
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How does that invisible reality of being elect turn into a solid
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felt assurance right now? Right, the assurance question.
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This is where the Holy Spirit's specific role comes into sharp
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focus. He is given and received at the
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moment of that effectual call. And he, he's given a particular
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title here, the Spirit of adoption.
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That name itself tells you his job.
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He formerly brings the elect person into God's family,
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uniting them to the Father through Christ.
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We might have been chosen from eternity, but we only enter into
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the experience of that adoption when the Spirit comes to dwell
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in us through the call. It's interesting that the source
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material uses language that sounds almost, well, legal or
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commercial, to describe what the Spirit does.
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That really emphasizes the certainty.
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That language is deliberate and very significant.
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The spirit is called the seal and the guarantee of the
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inheritance to come. Think about a seal on an
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official document. It authenticates it.
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Cruise ownership makes it legally binding.
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The Spirit does something similar in the believer's heart.
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He acts to surely establish and seal by his testimony the
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assurance of the adoption to come.
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So it's like the Spirit is an internal witness, confirming
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personally to us the truth of what the Gospel proclaimed
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outwardly. Exactly that The assurance isn't
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just wishful thinking. It has an objective basis in the
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Spirit's own testimony within us.
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This enables believers, as the sources say, to recognize that
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we are His children from the Spirit which He has given us.
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This is how the hidden objective fact of election becomes a
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present, subjective but nonetheless reliable experience
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for the believer. Which brings us back to faith.
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We establish election is the cause.
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The call produces faith. So faith is essential for
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assurance, right? That's the sign we can actually
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see your experience. Absolutely.
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Faith is the necessary starting point for the individual
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experiencing assurance. It's the visible, God-given sign
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that the call has been effectual.
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But we have to keep repeating Faith confirms election.
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It doesn't 'cause it. Faith is the evidence that the
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special call has successfully done its work.
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It's the instrument the Spirit uses to unite the believer to
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Christ. But the very presence of that
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phase is the result of the Spirit's prior illuminating
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work. Our sources confirm this order.
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The Spirit's illumination comes first.
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Then belief follows, showing that those who had been ordained
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to eternal life believed so. The faith you possess is
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presented as sure evidence, a reliable attestation of God's
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eternal plan already being at working you.
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It's the first tangible thing you look to.
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OK, we've laid out the whole sequence now election, the
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hidden cause leading to the special call, the Spirit's
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illumination which produces faith, uniting us to Christ.
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And this is all sealed by the Spirit of adoption, the
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guarantee. Now we're at a really practical
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point. How do we actually maintain this
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assurance day-to-day, especially given that earlier warning about
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the deep abyss and the deadly rock of trying to figure it out
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the wrong way? How do we seek assurance
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properly? This is where the rubber meets
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the road, theologically speaking, and it's where
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spiritual conflict often centers.
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Remember that most grievous or dangerous temptation from Satan.
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It's precisely this tempting you to ignore the objective signs
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God has given the preached word the effectual call producing
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faith, and instead trying to Pierce The Veil yourself, trying
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to confirm your election by looking directly at the secret
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decree. What makes that search so wrong?
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Is it just about being prideful? It's deeper than just pride,
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though. That's part of it.
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It's trying to draw certainty from a source God has
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deliberately kept hidden from direct view.
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Improper seeking means trying to penetrate the inner recesses of
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divine wisdom. It means seeking God's eternal
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plan apart from His Word, or having this perverse yearning to
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flit about above the clouds, trying to attain a God's eye
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view through your own effort. Which is impossible.
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Exactly, the sources warned. This leads to dreadful ruin.
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Why? Because trying to find assurance
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by speculating about the hidden decree detached from the person
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and work of Christ revealed in the gospel is like throwing
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yourself into that bottomless Whirlpool of anxiety and doubt.
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You'll never find solid ground there.
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So we're told to restrain that impulse with the soberness of
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faith. If we can't look directly at the
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hidden cause, where do we look? What's the safe harbor for
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finding assurance? We look at Christ.
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This is the pastoral heart of the doctrine.
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I think the sources explicitly call Christ the mirror wherein
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we must, and without self deception, may contemplate our
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own election. Assurance isn't found by gazing
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endlessly at our own fluctuating feelings, nor by trying to
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psychoanalyze God the Father apart from his saving work.
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It's found by looking at Jesus. Why is Christ the mirror?
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What exactly do we see when we look to Him for assurance about
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election? We see that the elect were
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chosen in him, as the sources state, not in themselves, but in
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his Christ. Therefore assurance is found and
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secured if we are in communion with Christ.
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And how do we know we're in communion with Him?
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Through the gospel, when Christ testifies through the preaching
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of the gospel, that He has been given to us by the Father to be
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ours, with all His benefits. So it grounds our subjective
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feeling of assurance in the objective truth of the gospel
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promise about Christ. It shifts the focus from was I
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chosen to am I trusting in the one in whom God chose his
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people? Precisely.
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And Christ himself gives the certainty that this election in
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Him is irrevocable and lasting. He's the one who promises that
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everyone the Father gives him shall never perish.
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So if you find yourself genuinely clinging to Christ,
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and the evidence for that is the faith produced by the effectual
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call, then you are secure. The certainty of election is
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tied directly to the reality of your calling, and that calling
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is made secure because Christ himself keeps those entrusted to
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Him. So the practical way to seek and
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maintain assurance isn't some kind of intense introspection or
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trying to decipher secret signs. It's about clinging to what the
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sources call the latter signs. Yes, exactly.
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Focus on the evidence of God's work now, The reality of the
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call as you experienced it through the Word and Spirit, the
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ongoing presence of faith even if it feels weak sometimes, and
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even the daily benefits or tokens of God's grace in your
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life. Daily benefits like answered
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prayer or strength to endure trials.
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Things like that, yes. They're presented as tokens that
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flow from that secret adoption. You look at the fruit of the
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Spirit in your life, Lovejoy, peace, patience, and so on.
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You look at the desire to obey God even when you fail.
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You look at the reality of repentance when you do fail.
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These things aren't natural. They're evidence that the
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special call is real and active in you.
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The sources essentially say be content with the promises in the
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Word and the security you have in Christ.
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Avoid that kind of absurd prayer.
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Oh Lord, if I'm elect, please answer this prayer.
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The question of your standing is settled in Christ, who is
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revealed in the gospel. OK, now we really do need to
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turn to the other side of this doctrine, the part that's often
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found most difficult. The fate of the non elect
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talking about election inevitably raises questions
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about condemnation. Yes it does, and the sources
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we're looking at confront this directly, without suffering the
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language much. They state that the reprobate
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are hateful to God, and with very good reason.
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Right, that phrase, hateful to God can sound quite harsh to
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modern ears. We need to understand the
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theological reasoning behind it as presented in the sources.
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The reasoning is tied directly to their state by nature apart
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from grace, a core concept in this theological framework.
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Being deprived of His Spirit, the non elect, according to the
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sources, can bring forth nothing but reason for cursing.
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They reflect the common corruption of the mass of Adam's
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offspring. Because they inherit Adam's
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fallen nature and aren't given the regenerating grace of the
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Spirit, everything they are and do is tainted by sin.
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There's nothing inherently pleasing to God in them.
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God's hatred in this context is presented as His righteous
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reaction against their inevitable sinfulness and
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rebellion, a sinfulness He sovereignly chooses not to
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remedy in their case. And the carrying out of God's
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plan for the reprobate involves specific actions, sometimes even
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using the means of grace in a paradoxical way.
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Yes, the sources describe God executing his decree for the
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reprobate. Sometimes, by actively blinding
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them, he might deprive them of the opportunity to hear the Word
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clearly. Or, in a really stark way, the
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preaching itself can serve to blind and stunning them further.
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Let's put this way. God makes way for his
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predestined plan. When he leaves in blindness
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those whom he has already condemned and chosen not to give
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his light, they are counted among the vessels of wrath for
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dishonor. They are raising up, the sources
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say, by God's just but inscrutable judgement,
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ultimately to display His glory through their just condemnation.
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It's seen as both sovereignly planned and justly deserved
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because of their sin. This complexity really forces us
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to tackle one of the most common objections or questions.
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How does this idea of a limited decree fit with Bible passages
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that sound universal, like First Timothy 2, where it says God
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wills all men to be saved? If only the elect are chosen for
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salvation, how can God desire everyone to be saved?
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That's a critical tension, and the sources devote significant
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attention to resolving it, arguing against what they'd see
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as a misreading of those verses. They approach it by
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distinguishing different aspects of God's will.
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First, God does genuinely offer pardon to all who seek it
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through repentance and faith. His general call and offer of
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mercy are universally presented. Anyone who comes on His terms
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will be received, however, and this is the key, the saving
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illumination of the Spirit, the work that actually produces that
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repentance and faith also has God's eternal election as its
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rule. OK, so the saving power is
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limited by the decree, even if the offer sounds general.
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But what about the specific phrase all men in passages like
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First Timothy 2? How do the sources interpret
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that? Their interpretation is crucial
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for maintaining the consistency of the doctrine of effectual
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grace. They argue that all men in that
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context doesn't mean every single individual human without
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exception. Instead, Paul is talking about
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classes or kinds of people, all sorts of men.
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He mentions kings and those in authority specifically in that
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passage. So the meaning is that God
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desires the salvation of people from all ranks and types of
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humanity. No category of person, Jew or
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Gentile, rich or poor, ruler or subject, is excluded from the
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possibility of being elected and called.
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So it's about all kinds of people rather than every single
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person. If it meant every single person,
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then the idea that God saving call is always effective would
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fall apart because clearly not every individual is saved.
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Exactly. Interpreting it as classes of
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men protects the understanding that when God sets out to save
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someone through the special call and the spirits work, he
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succeeds. His grace is effectual.
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And then regarding passages like Ezekiel, where God says he takes
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no pleasure in the death of the wicked, the sources explain the
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purpose of such statements for believers.
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It's an assurance God is ready and willing to pardon you the
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moment you turn to Him in repentance.
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And for the non elect, the reprobate, what's the purpose
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for them? For them, it highlights their
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guilt. It makes them feel, the sources
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say, that their transgression is doubled.
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God offered kindness, He expressed a desire for
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repentance, and they refused it. So while conversion itself is
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always entirely in God's hand because only He can give that
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new heart, the lack of conversion in the reprobate is
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justly charged to their own malice and willful reduction of
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the light and kindness shown to them.
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The Spirit's illuminating work is what makes the difference,
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and the resulting judgement is just.
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Wow. OK, so this deep dive has really
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walked us through a complex but interconnected chain of divine
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actions. It seems that far from being a
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doctrine that leads to uncertainty, when understood
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this way it actually provides a solid foundation for assurance.
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That's certainly the aim presented in these sources we've
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traced. The path election is the hidden
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grace based cause. The special call is God's
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manifest action. The spirits, inward life, giving
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work, faith produced by the call, and the spirit of adoption
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are the confirmation, the seal and guarantee in the believer's
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heart. And crucially, Christ is the
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safe mirror, the place we look to contemplate our standing with
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God, avoiding that abyss of speculation.
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And the sources do claim that when you examine this doctrine
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properly, as it is contained in His Word, the result is in fear
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but inestimable fruit of comfort.
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It's supposed to be the best confirmation of your faith,
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grounding your conscience securely.
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Yes, because the certainty doesn't rest on your own
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feelings or your ability to hold on.
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It rests on the divine chain itself, God's eternal choice,
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His effectual call, the Spirit's seal, and ultimately on the fact
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that Christ Himself receives and keeps everyone the Father and
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trusts in Him. He promises they shall never
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perish. Our confidence is in His grip,
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not our own. So given that the safe place to
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look is Christ the mirror, and we're warned against trying to
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read the tea leaves of our own hearts or speculate about the
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hidden decree, here's something to think about.
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How do you recognize those daily benefits or tokens of grace in
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your life? The evidence of the spirits work
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in a healthy way without that slipping back into the kind of
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self focused analysis that the source is warned against.
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That dangerous staring into the Whirlpool?
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Something for you to ponder. We'll leave it there for this
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deep dive on reformed thinking.