Latest / William Penn / 07 - William Penn by George Hodges

Transcript

07 - William Penn by George Hodges · William Penn

• 0:00
  Speaker 1: Chapter seven of William Penn by George Hodges. This LibriVox
• 0:06
  Speaker 1: recording is in the public domain, read by Richard Boegel.
• 0:11
  Speaker 1: At the court of James the Second and in retirement
• 0:17
  Speaker 1: in the winter of sixteen eighty four eighty five, Charles
• 0:21
  Speaker 1: the second died, and the Duke of York his brother
• 0:25
  Speaker 1: succeeded him as James the Second. And James was the
• 0:29
  Speaker 1: patron and good friend of William Penn. But the king
• 0:34
  Speaker 1: was a Roman Catholic. One of his first acts upon
• 0:38
  Speaker 1: coming to the throne was to go publicly to Mass,
• 0:42
  Speaker 1: who was privately resolved upon making the Roman Church supreme
• 0:46
  Speaker 1: in England. Penn was stoutly opposed to the King's religion.
• 0:52
  Speaker 1: In his seasonable caveat against Popery, as well as in
• 0:57
  Speaker 1: his other writings, he had expressed his days like with
• 1:00
  Speaker 1: characteristic frankness, that he had himself been accused of being
• 1:06
  Speaker 1: a Jesuit had naturally impelled him to use the strongest
• 1:10
  Speaker 1: language to belie the accusation. Nevertheless, William Penn stood by
• 1:16
  Speaker 1: the king he sought and kept the position a favorite
• 1:20
  Speaker 1: an agent of the court he upheld, and so far
• 1:24
  Speaker 1: as he could, assisted the projects of a reign, which,
• 1:28
  Speaker 1: had it continued, would probably have contradicted his most cherished principles,
• 1:34
  Speaker 1: abolished liberty of conscience, and made an end of Quakers.
• 1:40
  Speaker 1: This perplexing inconsistency, which is the only serious blot on
• 1:45
  Speaker 1: Penn's fair fame, appears to have been the result of
• 1:49
  Speaker 1: two convictions. He was sure in the first place of
• 1:55
  Speaker 1: the honesty of the king. He believed in him with
• 1:58
  Speaker 1: all his heart. James had been true to the trust
• 2:02
  Speaker 1: reposed in him by William's father. He had befriended William,
• 2:07
  Speaker 1: taking him out of prison, increasing his estates, granting his petitions. Anybody,
• 2:14
  Speaker 1: said Penn, that has the least pretense to good nature, gratitude,
• 2:19
  Speaker 1: or generosity must needs know how to interpret my access
• 2:24
  Speaker 1: to the king. With his advance to the crown, James's
• 2:29
  Speaker 1: graciousness had increased. He kept great lords waiting without while
• 2:35
  Speaker 1: he conversed at leisure with the Quaker. He liked Penn,
• 2:40
  Speaker 1: and Penn liked him. In spite of their disparities in
• 2:44
  Speaker 1: their age, rank and creed, William Penn and James Stewart
• 2:49
  Speaker 1: were fast friends, united by the bond of genuine affection.
• 2:56
  Speaker 1: It was characteristic of Pen to be blind to the
• 2:59
  Speaker 1: faults of his friends. He brought great troubles both upon
• 3:03
  Speaker 1: himself and upon his colony by his refusal to believe
• 3:07
  Speaker 1: the reports which were made to him against the character
• 3:10
  Speaker 1: of men whom he had appointed to office. He was
• 3:15
  Speaker 1: unwilling to believe evil of any man. He fell into
• 3:19
  Speaker 1: bankruptcy and even into a debtor's prison, by his blind,
• 3:24
  Speaker 1: unquestioning confidence in the agent who managed his business. His
• 3:30
  Speaker 1: faith in James was of a piece with his whole character.
• 3:35
  Speaker 1: He appears to have been temperamentally incapable of perceiving the
• 3:39
  Speaker 1: unworthiness of anybody whom he liked. Together with this conviction
• 3:46
  Speaker 1: as to the King's honesty, and bound up with it,
• 3:50
  Speaker 1: was a like belief in the wisdom of the King's plan.
• 3:54
  Speaker 1: The King's plan was to remove all disabilities arriving from religion.
• 4:00
  Speaker 1: Purpose not only to put an end to the laws
• 4:02
  Speaker 1: under which honest men were kept in prison, but to
• 4:06
  Speaker 1: abolish the tests which prevented a Roman Catholic from holding office,
• 4:11
  Speaker 1: and without caring for the action of a cautious parliament.
• 4:15
  Speaker 1: His intention was to do these things at once by
• 4:19
  Speaker 1: a declaration of the royal will. All this was approved
• 4:24
  Speaker 1: by William Penn that the laws which disturbed Protestant dissenters
• 4:30
  Speaker 1: should be changed. He argued at length in a pamphlet
• 4:34
  Speaker 1: entitled A Persuasion to Moderation. Moderation, as he defined it,
• 4:41
  Speaker 1: meant liberty of conscience to church dissenters, a cause which,
• 4:46
  Speaker 1: with all humility, said he had undertaken to plead against
• 4:50
  Speaker 1: the prejudices of the times. He maintained that toleration was
• 4:55
  Speaker 1: not only a right inherent in religion, but that it
• 4:59
  Speaker 1: was for them political and commercial good of the nation.
• 5:03
  Speaker 1: Repression and persecution, he said, drive men into conspiracies. The
• 5:09
  Speaker 1: importing of religious distinctions into the affairs of state deprives
• 5:14
  Speaker 1: the country of the services of some of its best men.
• 5:18
  Speaker 1: His father, upon the occasion of the First Dutch War,
• 5:22
  Speaker 1: had submitted to the King a list of the ablest
• 5:24
  Speaker 1: see officers in the kingdom. The striking of the names
• 5:28
  Speaker 1: of nonconformists from this list had robbed the King at
• 5:32
  Speaker 1: that time of ten men whose greater knowledge and valor
• 5:37
  Speaker 1: than any other ten of that fleet had in their
• 5:40
  Speaker 1: room been able to have saved a battle or perfected
• 5:43
  Speaker 1: a victory. As for a declaration of indulgence, pen deemed
• 5:49
  Speaker 1: it the sovereign remedy of the English Constitution that these
• 5:54
  Speaker 1: tests should be removed. He urged on James's behalf, upon
• 5:58
  Speaker 1: William of Orange, to whom he went in Holland on
• 6:01
  Speaker 1: an informal commission from the King. William, by his marriage
• 6:07
  Speaker 1: with James's daughter, was heir apparent to the throne of England,
• 6:12
  Speaker 1: and his consent was necessary to any serious change of
• 6:16
  Speaker 1: national policy. He insisted on the tests. Theoretically, Penn was right.
• 6:23
  Speaker 1: The ideal state imposes no religious tests. Every good citizen,
• 6:29
  Speaker 1: no matter what his private creed, may be as eligible
• 6:32
  Speaker 1: to any office. Practically, Penn was wrong, as William of
• 6:39
  Speaker 1: Orange plainly saw that Prince has appeared afterwards was as
• 6:44
  Speaker 1: zealous for religious freedom as was Pen himself. But it
• 6:49
  Speaker 1: was plain to him that as matters stood at that
• 6:51
  Speaker 1: time in England, it was necessary to enforce the tests
• 6:55
  Speaker 1: in order to prevent the rise of an ecclesiastical party
• 7:00
  Speaker 1: whose supremacy would endanger all that Penn desired. Penn, with
• 7:06
  Speaker 1: his stout faith in the King, could not see it.
• 7:10
  Speaker 1: There were times, indeed, when he was perplexed and troubled.
• 7:15
  Speaker 1: The Lord keep us in this dark day. He wrote
• 7:18
  Speaker 1: to his steward at Pennsbury, be wise, close, respectful to superiors.
• 7:26
  Speaker 1: The King has discharged all friends by a general pardon
• 7:30
  Speaker 1: and is courteous. Though as to the Church of England
• 7:35
  Speaker 1: things seemed pinching. Several Roman Catholics got much into places
• 7:41
  Speaker 1: in the army, navy court. Nevertheless, the King's plan, as
• 7:46
  Speaker 1: he understood it, gave assurance of liberty of conscience and
• 7:51
  Speaker 1: the end of persecution for opinion's sake, and he supported
• 7:56
  Speaker 1: the King under these conditions. Misled by friendship, seeing but
• 8:03
  Speaker 1: not perceiving, Penn persuaded himself that he could excellently serve
• 8:08
  Speaker 1: God and his neighbors by becoming a courtier. He took
• 8:12
  Speaker 1: a house in London, within easy distance of Whitehall, and
• 8:16
  Speaker 1: visited the king daily. A great many people therefore visited
• 8:21
  Speaker 1: Penn daily, sometimes as many as two hundred were waiting
• 8:25
  Speaker 1: to confer with him. They desired that he would do
• 8:29
  Speaker 1: this or that for their good with the King. Most
• 8:33
  Speaker 1: of them were Quakers. Many were in need of pardon
• 8:38
  Speaker 1: or were burdened by some oppression. For example, Sir Robert's
• 8:43
  Speaker 1: steward of Coldness had been in exile as a Presbyterian
• 8:48
  Speaker 1: and on his return, found his lands in the possession
• 8:51
  Speaker 1: of the Earl of Erin. He brought his case to Penn.
• 8:56
  Speaker 1: Penn went to Erin, what is this, friend, James, that
• 9:00
  Speaker 1: I hear of thee He said, thou hast taken possession
• 9:04
  Speaker 1: of Coltness's castle. Thou knowest that it is not thine
• 9:10
  Speaker 1: that estate. Erin explained, I paid a great price for
• 9:15
  Speaker 1: I received no other reward for my expensive and troublesome
• 9:19
  Speaker 1: embassy to France except this estate. All very well, friend James,
• 9:25
  Speaker 1: said Penn. But of this, assure thyself that if thou
• 9:30
  Speaker 1: dost not give me this moment an order on thy
• 9:34
  Speaker 1: chamberlain for two hundred pounds to Coldness to carry him
• 9:38
  Speaker 1: down to his native country, and one hundred a year
• 9:41
  Speaker 1: to subsist on till matters are adjusted, I will make
• 9:46
  Speaker 1: it as many thousands out of thy way with the king.
• 9:50
  Speaker 1: Erin complied immediately again. One day, after dinner, as they
• 9:56
  Speaker 1: were drinking a glass of wine together, one of Penn's
• 9:59
  Speaker 1: client and said, I can tell you how you can
• 10:02
  Speaker 1: prolong my life. I'm no physician, answered Penn, but prasy
• 10:08
  Speaker 1: tell me what thou meanest. The client replied that a
• 10:12
  Speaker 1: good friend of his, Jack Trenchard, was in exile. And
• 10:16
  Speaker 1: if you, he said, could get him leave to come
• 10:19
  Speaker 1: home with safety and honor, the drinking now and then
• 10:23
  Speaker 1: of a bottle with Jack Trenchard would make me so
• 10:27
  Speaker 1: cheerful that it would prolong my life. Penn smilingly promised
• 10:33
  Speaker 1: to do what he could, and in a month the
• 10:35
  Speaker 1: two friends were drinking his good health. This was the
• 10:40
  Speaker 1: kind of business which he transacted. He had found a
• 10:44
  Speaker 1: way to be of eminent service to his neighbors, and
• 10:48
  Speaker 1: especially to his Quaker brethren, and he made the most
• 10:52
  Speaker 1: of the opportunity. There is no evidence that he departed
• 10:56
  Speaker 1: from the disinterested life which he had previously lived. He
• 11:01
  Speaker 1: attended the court of King James, as he had undertaken
• 11:04
  Speaker 1: the settlement of Pennsylvania, not for what he could get
• 11:08
  Speaker 1: out of it, but for the good he could do
• 11:11
  Speaker 1: by means of it. What he did, he tells us,
• 11:15
  Speaker 1: was upon a principle of charity. I never accepted any commission,
• 11:20
  Speaker 1: he says, but that of a free and common solicitor
• 11:23
  Speaker 1: for sufferers of all sorts and in all parties. Neither
• 11:28
  Speaker 1: is there any instance of his asking anything to increase
• 11:31
  Speaker 1: his own estate or position, indeed, he was losing money,
• 11:38
  Speaker 1: for the expenses of life at court were great. Worse still,
• 11:42
  Speaker 1: he was losing his good name. His Quaker friends found
• 11:46
  Speaker 1: him hard to understand. It was true that he had
• 11:50
  Speaker 1: cast in his lot with them, and had suffered for
• 11:53
  Speaker 1: their cause. He was their great theologian and preacher. But
• 11:58
  Speaker 1: he seemed nevertheless to be still a cavalier and worldly person.
• 12:04
  Speaker 1: They heard, though there was no truth in the report,
• 12:08
  Speaker 1: that he had set up a military company in Pennsylvania.
• 12:12
  Speaker 1: They saw with their own eyes that he lived in
• 12:15
  Speaker 1: a style which must have seemed to them altogether inconsistent
• 12:19
  Speaker 1: with simplicity, and that he consorted with courtiers. And they
• 12:25
  Speaker 1: did not like it, they said so frankly. As for enemies,
• 12:31
  Speaker 1: the king's favorite had many. Inevitably, the lords who waited
• 12:37
  Speaker 1: in the antechamber while Penn was closeted with James did
• 12:40
  Speaker 1: not look pleasantly at him when he came out. The
• 12:44
  Speaker 1: stout Protestants, who hated the King's ways and suspected the
• 12:47
  Speaker 1: King's designs, could not easily think well of one who
• 12:51
  Speaker 1: was so closely in his counsels. One of Penn's friends
• 12:56
  Speaker 1: told him what these people said of him. The host
• 13:00
  Speaker 1: is too considerable for a papist of an ordinary form,
• 13:04
  Speaker 1: and therefore you must be a Jesuit. Nay, to confirm
• 13:10
  Speaker 1: that suggestion, it must be accompanied with all the circumstances
• 13:15
  Speaker 1: that may best give it an error of probability. Is
• 13:18
  Speaker 1: that you have been bred at Saint Omer's in the
• 13:21
  Speaker 1: Jesuit college, that you have taken orders at Rome and
• 13:25
  Speaker 1: there obtained a dispensation to Mary, and that you have
• 13:29
  Speaker 1: since then frequently officiated as a priest in the celebration
• 13:34
  Speaker 1: of the Mass at Whitehall, Saint James, and other places.
• 13:40
  Speaker 1: It seems absurd enough to us, but many intelligent persons,
• 13:44
  Speaker 1: even Archbishop tillots And of Canterbury, believed it. The detail
• 13:50
  Speaker 1: of Saint Omer came probably from a confusion of the
• 13:53
  Speaker 1: name with Somemer. The other suspicions grew out of Penn's
• 13:58
  Speaker 1: place in the favor of the king. It seemed as
• 14:02
  Speaker 1: if nothing could prejudice the king's matters in the eyes
• 14:06
  Speaker 1: of Pen. Monmouth's rebellion king and the King's revenge followed.
• 14:13
  Speaker 1: Judge Jeffries went on his bloody circuit about three hundred hanged.
• 14:18
  Speaker 1: Penn wrote in Diverse Towns of the West about one
• 14:22
  Speaker 1: thousand to be transported. I beg twenty of the king.
• 14:28
  Speaker 1: It was all bad, and one regrets to find Pen
• 14:31
  Speaker 1: concerned in it. Still, his twenty probably fared better than
• 14:36
  Speaker 1: their neighbors. It is likely that he sent them to
• 14:40
  Speaker 1: be colonists in Pennsylvania. In the matter of the Maids
• 14:45
  Speaker 1: of Taunton, William seems clearly to have had no part.
• 14:50
  Speaker 1: A company of little schoolgirls, led by their teacher, had
• 14:54
  Speaker 1: marched in procession to celebrate the landing of Monmouth. For
• 14:59
  Speaker 1: this events, their parents were heavily fined, and the fines
• 15:03
  Speaker 1: were given to the Queen's maids of honor. These ladies
• 15:07
  Speaker 1: wrote to a mister Penn to get him to collect them.
• 15:12
  Speaker 1: McCauley thought that this pardon broker was William Penn. It
• 15:17
  Speaker 1: is flagrantly inconsistent with his character, and he has been
• 15:21
  Speaker 1: adequately vindicated by various writers. The agent in this case
• 15:27
  Speaker 1: was probably George Penn, a person in that business. Penn's
• 15:34
  Speaker 1: course is not so clear. In the matter of the
• 15:36
  Speaker 1: presidency of Magdalen College, one of the steps in James's
• 15:41
  Speaker 1: plan to change the religion of England was to get
• 15:45
  Speaker 1: a foothold for teachers of his faith at the universities.
• 15:49
  Speaker 1: He intended to capture Oxford and Cambridge. He had so
• 15:53
  Speaker 1: far succeeded at Oxford as to get possession of christ
• 15:57
  Speaker 1: Church and University College, and the presidency of Magdalen falling vacant,
• 16:04
  Speaker 1: You ordered fellows to elect a man of his own choice.
• 16:08
  Speaker 1: The fellows refused to obey the order. Thereupon, Pen, who
• 16:13
  Speaker 1: had at first taken their part with the king, advised
• 16:17
  Speaker 1: them to surrender. Mister Penn, said Doctor Hugh, representing the fellows,
• 16:24
  Speaker 1: in this, I will be plain with you, we have
• 16:28
  Speaker 1: our statutes and oaths to justify us in all that
• 16:31
  Speaker 1: we have done hitherto. But setting this aside, we have
• 16:35
  Speaker 1: a religion to defend, and I suppose yourself would think
• 16:39
  Speaker 1: s knaves if we would tamely give it up. The
• 16:43
  Speaker 1: Papists have already gotten christ Church and University. The present
• 16:47
  Speaker 1: struggle is for Magdalen, and in a short time, they threaten,
• 16:53
  Speaker 1: they will have the rest. To this, Pen replied with
• 16:57
  Speaker 1: vehemence that they shall never have a share yourselves. If
• 17:02
  Speaker 1: once they proceed so far, they will quickly find themselves
• 17:06
  Speaker 1: destitute of their present assistance. For my part, I have
• 17:11
  Speaker 1: always declared my opinion that the preferments of the Church
• 17:14
  Speaker 1: should not be put into any other hands but such
• 17:17
  Speaker 1: as they are at present in But I hope you
• 17:21
  Speaker 1: will not have the two universities such invisible bulwarks for
• 17:25
  Speaker 1: the Church of England, that none but they must be
• 17:28
  Speaker 1: capable of giving their children a learned education. I suppose
• 17:34
  Speaker 1: two or three colleges will content the papists. Finally, the
• 17:40
  Speaker 1: King's men broke down the doors, turned out the professors
• 17:43
  Speaker 1: and students, and gave the King his way. Penn was
• 17:47
  Speaker 1: thus the agent of tyranny, but he was an innocent agent.
• 17:53
  Speaker 1: He made a bad blunder, but he made it honestly
• 17:57
  Speaker 1: and ignorantly. It was in accord with his democratic ideas
• 18:02
  Speaker 1: that the university should be places of instruction for all people.
• 18:07
  Speaker 1: He would have liked to see not only the Roman Catholics,
• 18:11
  Speaker 1: but all the great divisions of religion in England represented there.
• 18:16
  Speaker 1: And that fine idea misled him. Told him guilty here
• 18:21
  Speaker 1: or elsewhere of malice or hypocrisy is to misread his character.
• 18:28
  Speaker 1: He was simply mistaken, mistaken in the King, mistaken in
• 18:34
  Speaker 1: the application of his own principles. Meanwhile, the nation at
• 18:39
  Speaker 1: large was making no mistake. The people saw James as
• 18:44
  Speaker 1: he was and detected his designs upon the liberties of England.
• 18:49
  Speaker 1: At last, in April sixteen eighty eight, he issued a
• 18:53
  Speaker 1: declaration of indulgence. He added insult to injury by ordering
• 18:58
  Speaker 1: that it should be read in every church in the realm.
• 19:03
  Speaker 1: The seven bishops who protested were sent to the tower.
• 19:08
  Speaker 1: Then the end came with speed. William of Orange was
• 19:12
  Speaker 1: invited into England. The nation welcomed him with acclamations. James
• 19:19
  Speaker 1: fled before him into France, where he lived the remainder
• 19:23
  Speaker 1: of an inglorious life. This was a hard change for
• 19:28
  Speaker 1: William Penn, and he seems to have done nothing to
• 19:31
  Speaker 1: make it easier. There were courtiers who passed with incredible
• 19:36
  Speaker 1: swiftness from one allegiance to the other. He was not
• 19:40
  Speaker 1: among them. Others fled to France, but he stayed. He
• 19:46
  Speaker 1: was arrested. In his examination before the Privy Council, he
• 19:51
  Speaker 1: declared that he had done nothing but what he could
• 19:54
  Speaker 1: answer for before God and all the princes in the world,
• 19:59
  Speaker 1: that he he loved his country and the Protestant religion
• 20:03
  Speaker 1: above his life, and had never acted against either. That
• 20:08
  Speaker 1: all he had ever aimed at in his public endeavors
• 20:11
  Speaker 1: was none other than what the King had declared for
• 20:15
  Speaker 1: religious liberty, That King James had always been his friend
• 20:20
  Speaker 1: and his father's friend, and that ingratitude he himself was
• 20:24
  Speaker 1: the King's, and did ever as much as in himlay,
• 20:28
  Speaker 1: influence him to his true interests. Penn was released. The
• 20:35
  Speaker 1: new King began his reign with the Toleration Act, which
• 20:40
  Speaker 1: Parliament passed in sixteen eighty eight, and from which dates
• 20:45
  Speaker 1: the establishment of actual and abiding religious liberty in England.
• 20:50
  Speaker 1: Thus Penn's great purpose was accomplished by one with whom
• 20:54
  Speaker 1: he was not in accord. Sometimes a political party had
• 21:00
  Speaker 1: adopts the projects for which its opponents have long labored,
• 21:04
  Speaker 1: and carries them out even more vigorously than they had
• 21:07
  Speaker 1: been planned originally. The initial reformers are glad that their
• 21:12
  Speaker 1: ideals have been realized, but their zeal must be uncommonly
• 21:17
  Speaker 1: impersonal if the success brings them quite so much joy
• 21:21
  Speaker 1: as it logically ought. It is not likely that the
• 21:26
  Speaker 1: Toleration Act filled the soul of William Penn with great jewilation. Indeed,
• 21:32
  Speaker 1: we know he insisted to the end of his life
• 21:35
  Speaker 1: that James, if he had been let alone, would have
• 21:38
  Speaker 1: done all that William did, and more too, and better.
• 21:43
  Speaker 1: The years which followed were full of trouble. McCauley says
• 21:48
  Speaker 1: that in sixteen eighty nine Penn was plotting against the government,
• 21:53
  Speaker 1: but the evidence does not suffice to establish the fact.
• 21:57
  Speaker 1: The Privy Council in sixteen nine confronted Penn with an
• 22:01
  Speaker 1: intercepted letter to him from James asking for help, but
• 22:07
  Speaker 1: as Penn said, he could not hinder the King from
• 22:10
  Speaker 1: writing to him. He added, however, with characteristic boldness, that
• 22:15
  Speaker 1: since he had loved King James and his prosperity, he
• 22:19
  Speaker 1: should not hate him in his adversity. He was again discharged.
• 22:26
  Speaker 1: In that same year, however, James invaded Ireland and the
• 22:30
  Speaker 1: situation of his friends in England was thereby made increasingly difficult.
• 22:36
  Speaker 1: Penn was arrested with others and imprison awaited trial for
• 22:40
  Speaker 1: several months. The result was as before, He was found
• 22:45
  Speaker 1: in no offense. But before a month had passed he
• 22:49
  Speaker 1: learned that another warrant was out against his liberty. Officers
• 22:54
  Speaker 1: went to take him at the funeral of George Fox,
• 22:57
  Speaker 1: but arrived too late. By this time, he had concluded
• 23:02
  Speaker 1: that the path of prudence was that which led into
• 23:05
  Speaker 1: a wise retirement. He hid himself for the space of
• 23:10
  Speaker 1: three years. He was publicly proclaimed a traitor and was
• 23:16
  Speaker 1: deprived of the government of his colony. He was hunted
• 23:21
  Speaker 1: up and down, he says, and could never be allowed
• 23:24
  Speaker 1: to live quietly in city or country. Finally, the government
• 23:30
  Speaker 1: were persuaded either that Penn was innocent or that no
• 23:34
  Speaker 1: further danger was to be apprehended from him, and several noblemen,
• 23:39
  Speaker 1: interceding with the king, procured his pardon. They represented his case,
• 23:46
  Speaker 1: he says, it is not only hard but oppressive, there
• 23:50
  Speaker 1: being no evidence. But what impostors are those that fled
• 23:55
  Speaker 1: or that have, since their pardon refused to verify and
• 23:58
  Speaker 1: ask me pardon for say what they did alleged against me.
• 24:04
  Speaker 1: The King announced that Penn was his old acquaintance, and
• 24:08
  Speaker 1: that he might follow his business as freely as ever,
• 24:12
  Speaker 1: and that for his part, he had nothing to say
• 24:14
  Speaker 1: to him. Thus, again, and at last, the political accusations
• 24:20
  Speaker 1: against William Penn came to nothing. He had been in
• 24:24
  Speaker 1: a hard position as the faithful friend of a dethroned
• 24:28
  Speaker 1: monarch in a day when conspiracies were being made on
• 24:32
  Speaker 1: every hand that he should have been suspected of treason
• 24:37
  Speaker 1: was inevitable that, in his unconcealed affection for James and
• 24:42
  Speaker 1: disapproval of William, he had said imprudent things. Is likely
• 24:47
  Speaker 1: enough prudence was not one of his virtues. He was
• 24:53
  Speaker 1: never calculatingly careful of his own welfare. But that he
• 24:59
  Speaker 1: was ever untrue true to William, or did any act
• 25:03
  Speaker 1: or consented to any which could reasonably be called treacherous,
• 25:07
  Speaker 1: is not only quite unproved, but is out of accord
• 25:11
  Speaker 1: with the true William Penn. As he has revealed in
• 25:14
  Speaker 1: his writings and in all his life. The only fault
• 25:19
  Speaker 1: which has been clearly established against him is that of
• 25:23
  Speaker 1: liking James better than he liked William. He was a
• 25:28
  Speaker 1: straunge friend to his friend. That is the sum of
• 25:32
  Speaker 1: his offending, wherein the only serious regret is that his
• 25:38
  Speaker 1: friend was not more worthy of his steadfast and unselfish friendship.
• 25:44
  Speaker 1: At no time in his life, says mister Fisk, does
• 25:47
  Speaker 1: he seemed more honest, brave, and lovable than during the
• 25:52
  Speaker 1: years so full of trouble for him that intervened between
• 25:57
  Speaker 1: the accession of James and the accession of an end
• 26:03
  Speaker 1: of Chapter seven