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This Day in Legal History: The Judiciary Act of 1789
On September 24, 1789, President George Washington signed the Judiciary Act of 1789 into law—one of the very first acts of the very first Congress, and a document that turned the skeletal promise of Article III into a functioning national court system. The Constitution had created “one supreme Court” and left everything else to Congress’s imagination. The Judiciary Act supplied the imagination: it built a three-tiered federal judiciary of district courts, circuit courts, and the Supreme Court; it fixed the number of justices at six; and it…
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