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Selects: Was There A Real Robin Hood? · Stuff You Should Know

• 0:00
  Speaker 1: Hey, everybody, it's Josh and for this week's select, I've
• 0:03
  Speaker 1: chosen our episode, Was There a Real Robin Hood? From
• 0:07
  Speaker 1: the Heady Innocent Days of twenty eighteen. It's a super
• 0:11
  Speaker 1: neat history episode where we search for the real Robin
• 0:14
  Speaker 1: Hood and find some really great candidates. Was there a
• 0:17
  Speaker 1: Real Robin Hood? I guess you'll just have to listen
• 0:20
  Speaker 1: to find out.
• 0:34
  Speaker 2: Welcome to Stuff you should know, a production of iHeartRadio.
• 0:44
  Speaker 1: Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark, and
• 0:46
  Speaker 1: there's Charles w Chuck Bryant, and there's Jerry over there.
• 0:49
  Speaker 1: We're just horsing around saying who's a Who's Ah?
• 0:55
  Speaker 3: Actually, I think people might like a little recree of
• 0:58
  Speaker 3: what just happened.
• 1:00
  Speaker 1: Let's hear it.
• 1:00
  Speaker 3: Jerry said, I need to check levels. We didn't really
• 1:04
  Speaker 3: say anything, and she said, all right, you're ready. And
• 1:05
  Speaker 3: you said, we didn't say anything for levels. She said,
• 1:08
  Speaker 3: I don't need you to say anything.
• 1:10
  Speaker 2: She's like, in fact, I need you to stop talking.
• 1:12
  Speaker 1: Yeah, And then I had to wait until she said
• 1:15
  Speaker 1: start talking his mouth start talking? Monkey?
• 1:19
  Speaker 2: Goodness me? Is that where we are? Yep? How's it going?
• 1:24
  Speaker 1: It's good. I just want to before we really get started.
• 1:27
  Speaker 1: Chuck on to point something. I'm not sure if you
• 1:28
  Speaker 1: know this or not. O, boy, you have a paper
• 1:30
  Speaker 1: clip holding your glasses together.
• 1:32
  Speaker 2: Yeah.
• 1:34
  Speaker 1: At first I was like, is he just storing the
• 1:35
  Speaker 1: paper clip? And I thought, no, he's not storing a
• 1:38
  Speaker 1: paper clip. Keep that tucked in his cheek. If he
• 1:40
  Speaker 1: were just storing.
• 1:41
  Speaker 2: It, that would like everything else store.
• 1:43
  Speaker 1: It's on the arm of your glasses where your glasses
• 1:45
  Speaker 1: meet the body.
• 1:46
  Speaker 2: Uh huh. You see there, it goes through.
• 1:48
  Speaker 3: It's the it's acting as the screw because the thing,
• 1:53
  Speaker 3: the screw came out and I need my glasses on
• 1:56
  Speaker 3: in order to put the screw in the glasses.
• 1:59
  Speaker 2: It's quite an under him.
• 2:00
  Speaker 1: Were you raised in Oklahoma in the depression?
• 2:03
  Speaker 4: No?
• 2:04
  Speaker 1: Why because you can get other glasses.
• 2:06
  Speaker 3: Dude, that's how busy I am. I can't go by
• 2:08
  Speaker 3: the glasses store.
• 2:09
  Speaker 2: I don't need new ones.
• 2:10
  Speaker 3: I just need someone with tiny fingers, okay, and good vision.
• 2:15
  Speaker 1: In Oklahoma could probably help you to put in the screw.
• 2:18
  Speaker 2: Ironically, and this is this worked so well.
• 2:21
  Speaker 3: I stuck this the paper clip in there, bent it
• 2:24
  Speaker 3: around and I kind of like it.
• 2:26
  Speaker 1: It is. It's handsome. It's a handsome. Look I think
• 2:28
  Speaker 1: you're gonna start there. Well, I like it. Oh boy,
• 2:33
  Speaker 1: thanks for playing a long sure. So, uh we're talking today.
• 2:36
  Speaker 1: The reason I said who's A? Who's A? Is because
• 2:40
  Speaker 1: we're talking Robinhood.
• 2:42
  Speaker 2: Is that from Robin Hood?
• 2:43
  Speaker 1: No, it's actually from the movie Role Models, the Paul
• 2:47
  Speaker 1: Rudd movie.
• 2:47
  Speaker 2: I like that movie.
• 2:48
  Speaker 1: It's good. I saw it the other day again.
• 2:50
  Speaker 2: Good dumb fun. Yeah, I love it. You know he
• 2:54
  Speaker 2: like wrote that Rud Yeah he's great. I like a Stiffler.
• 3:00
  Speaker 1: Yeah, he's great in that too.
• 3:01
  Speaker 2: His little buddy in that movie or whatever they call.
• 3:03
  Speaker 1: Him, Ronnie, Yeah, yeah, he was Ronnie. Yeah, he's amazing.
• 3:09
  Speaker 2: I expect great, great things from that kid. Ye, at
• 3:11
  Speaker 2: least I hope so.
• 3:13
  Speaker 4: Well.
• 3:13
  Speaker 1: Anyway, I was watching roll Miles the other day and
• 3:16
  Speaker 1: one of the larp guys comes up and goes, who's A?
• 3:19
  Speaker 1: And I was like, I always thought it was huzzah. Yeah,
• 3:22
  Speaker 1: Strickland always says it when he's dressed up like the
• 3:25
  Speaker 1: King of the Renaissance Festival.
• 3:27
  Speaker 3: Yeah, those larp scenes were funny too, right, But the
• 3:30
  Speaker 3: guy comes up and says, who's A?
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  Speaker 1: So I was like, I can't wait to incorporate that
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  Speaker 1: somehow Robin Hood here we go.
• 3:38
  Speaker 2: Prince of Thieves.
• 3:39
  Speaker 1: Yeah, And the reason why that would work is because
• 3:41
  Speaker 1: the LARPers were set in the medieval era, and everyone
• 3:45
  Speaker 1: knows Robin Hood's set in the medieval era. But actually
• 3:48
  Speaker 1: that's totally incorrect. Yeah, most of the time when you
• 3:52
  Speaker 1: see Robin Hood, it's set in the Tudor era, almost
• 3:59
  Speaker 1: almost variably in Sherwood Forest, which is a wooded area
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  Speaker 1: and about the right smack dab in the center of England.
• 4:08
  Speaker 1: And everybody running around is acting like it's the fourteen hundreds,
• 4:14
  Speaker 1: maybe the fifteen hundreds, And that's all well and good.
• 4:18
  Speaker 1: If you're making a Disney version of it, reality just
• 4:21
  Speaker 1: goes right out the window. Right, it's Disney. It's a cartoon,
• 4:23
  Speaker 1: for goodness sake. Everybody lighting up.
• 4:26
  Speaker 2: But I love that version.
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  Speaker 1: It's entirely possible and it's a good one. And there
• 4:30
  Speaker 1: are historians who believe that there was a real Robin Hood,
• 4:35
  Speaker 1: and they have spent a lot of time and effort
• 4:38
  Speaker 1: trying to track down exactly who it might be, exactly
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  Speaker 1: when he might have lived, and my money and a
• 4:44
  Speaker 1: lot of historians place it right around the beginning of
• 4:50
  Speaker 1: the twelve hundreds the thirteenth century in England, long before
• 4:54
  Speaker 1: the tutors werever even a twinkle in anybody's loins.
• 5:00
  Speaker 3: But here's my bet is that Robin Hood is a
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  Speaker 3: an amalgam amalgam of a few dudes that the writers
• 5:12
  Speaker 3: of history have filled in some blanks and then the
• 5:15
  Speaker 3: writers of literature just like ran with it.
• 5:18
  Speaker 1: Yeah, that's that's my take on it, as well as
• 5:20
  Speaker 1: that it's a few people served as role models for it,
• 5:23
  Speaker 1: role models and new plan that Paul rud is everywhere.
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  Speaker 3: But there are some people who still think that there
• 5:32
  Speaker 3: was no such person at all, or maybe even persons.
• 5:35
  Speaker 2: It might have been wholly created.
• 5:37
  Speaker 1: Sure, But then on the opposite side, there are some
• 5:39
  Speaker 1: people and there are few and far between from what
• 5:41
  Speaker 1: I can tell, you believe there was a single person, yeah,
• 5:44
  Speaker 1: named Robin Hood, who did most of this stuff and
• 5:48
  Speaker 1: was the basis for these legends that.
• 5:50
  Speaker 2: They're called people who want to sell books.
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  Speaker 1: So there's right, there's like they're like Robin Hood case
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  Speaker 1: closed a big stamp to do it was like a
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  Speaker 1: whole spectrum that you can just walk right up and say,
• 6:03
  Speaker 1: I believe this, and you're as right as anybody on
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  Speaker 1: the Robin Hood train.
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  Speaker 3: Yeah, so if we go back in time, you know,
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  Speaker 3: I think everyone knows that early historians had a lot
• 6:15
  Speaker 3: of blanks and they weren't the most reliable narrators.
• 6:19
  Speaker 1: No, because they would just fill them in with stuff
• 6:21
  Speaker 1: they made up.
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  Speaker 3: Yeah, because I think they didn't. I don't know if
• 6:24
  Speaker 3: they realized that early on. I'm speculating here that they.
• 6:28
  Speaker 1: Were really good historians.
• 6:30
  Speaker 3: Yeah, that they're like recording history. I think it was
• 6:32
  Speaker 3: more like, hey, this is a good story, and I
• 6:36
  Speaker 3: don't know, in five hundred years people are going to.
• 6:38
  Speaker 2: Be taking this as is written history. There's spinning yarn.
• 6:43
  Speaker 1: In this case. I don't think that's correct. I think
• 6:47
  Speaker 1: that they were they considered themselves actual historian thinks who
• 6:50
  Speaker 1: were getting to the bottom of history. But they had
• 6:53
  Speaker 1: a worldview, and specifically with Robinhood, it was I think
• 6:56
  Speaker 1: fifteenth century or sixteenth century Scottish historians who were the
• 7:01
  Speaker 1: ones who really kind of gave us the image of
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  Speaker 1: Robinhood that we have drunk, the robbing from the rich
• 7:07
  Speaker 1: to give to the poor, the chivalry, a lot of
• 7:11
  Speaker 1: that stuff.
• 7:12
  Speaker 2: Anti establishment.
• 7:13
  Speaker 1: Yeah, that actually was part of it before they had
• 7:16
  Speaker 1: to kind of figure out how to make that one
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  Speaker 1: work because it didn't make sense to them at the time.
• 7:20
  Speaker 1: But they basically said, here, we've got these ballads that
• 7:24
  Speaker 1: were written in the thirteen hundred, it's the fourteenth century,
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  Speaker 1: and we think they're historical, so we're going to try
• 7:30
  Speaker 1: to put this in context. And the stuff we don't understand,
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  Speaker 1: we're just gonna make up, but we're going to pass
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  Speaker 1: it off as real. So there's this if you it's
• 7:39
  Speaker 1: one of those great things like with fairy tales. We
• 7:42
  Speaker 1: know all these fairy tales, and you remember we did
• 7:43
  Speaker 1: those those episodes on it. Yeah, but if you strip
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  Speaker 1: away this stuff that's been added over the years and
• 7:48
  Speaker 1: get to the bare bones, it's way darker, a lot different, yeah,
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  Speaker 1: and a lot different than what we know and love,
• 7:56
  Speaker 1: as you know, for in this case the robin Hood legend.
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  Speaker 3: Right, So if you want to look at literature, like
• 8:01
  Speaker 3: you mentioned these ballads, the actual canon for robin Hood,
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  Speaker 3: the very first mention is one called Piers Plowman p I. E. R. S.
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  Speaker 1: Like Piers Morgan exactly.
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  Speaker 3: From William Langland about thirteen seventy seven. And then there
• 8:22
  Speaker 3: were a host of other ballads and this is all
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  Speaker 3: what was this Middle English, I think, so is that
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  Speaker 3: what you would call it?
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  Speaker 1: I don't know, maybe even old.
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  Speaker 3: Like why's for vowels and things like that, like cannaburytail stuff.
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  Speaker 1: I really don't know if it's Middle or Old English. Way,
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  Speaker 1: it's barely legible.
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  Speaker 3: It is a little and that is spelled l y
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  Speaker 3: t y lll, which is great.
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  Speaker 2: A little gest of robin Hood.
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  Speaker 1: Those was that like Sean Connery maybe dope.
• 8:56
  Speaker 3: Gest of robin Hood. That's just straight up says Robin Hood.
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  Speaker 3: And then a few more robin Hood and the Monk
• 9:03
  Speaker 3: robin Hood, and the Potter robin Hood, and Guy of
• 9:06
  Speaker 3: Gisborne and Robin Hood in the Temple of Doom.
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  Speaker 1: Yeah, that one was super dark.
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  Speaker 2: It was very dark.
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  Speaker 1: The author had just broken up with his girlfriend.
• 9:15
  Speaker 3: And I think that's what brought us the PG thirteen rating.
• 9:18
  Speaker 3: It was mistaken that incremlins. So whether or not you
• 9:24
  Speaker 3: believe this stuff basically has to do with whether or
• 9:27
  Speaker 3: not these early songs you think are just songs or a.
• 9:32
  Speaker 2: Matter of history historical record.
• 9:35
  Speaker 1: Yeah, Like that's how before people commonly wrote stuff down.
• 9:39
  Speaker 1: Like at this time when this stuff was being written,
• 9:41
  Speaker 1: the people who were writing it were monks, those are
• 9:43
  Speaker 1: the only people educated enough to write, but people still
• 9:48
  Speaker 1: pass stories down. They did it through oral histories. So
• 9:52
  Speaker 1: it's entirely possible that these early ballads were meant to
• 9:57
  Speaker 1: were created to commemorate person or people or events or
• 10:02
  Speaker 1: something like that, and then just over time we lost
• 10:05
  Speaker 1: Wait a minute, are these fiction or nonfiction? But you're right,
• 10:08
  Speaker 1: like that's the divide when it comes to approaching robin
• 10:12
  Speaker 1: hood from an historical advantage, like are these just totally fiction, right,
• 10:18
  Speaker 1: or are they meant to commemorate something that actually happened.
• 10:21
  Speaker 3: Yeah, And it's easy through today's lens to dismiss these
• 10:24
  Speaker 3: things as songs. But back then, like you're saying, it's
• 10:26
  Speaker 3: like what better way to remember history, sure than to
• 10:30
  Speaker 3: set it to Come on, Eileen, you know.
• 10:34
  Speaker 1: Why that man? Why'd you just do that?
• 10:36
  Speaker 2: That's a great song.
• 10:37
  Speaker 1: It was the first thousand times I heard it.
• 10:39
  Speaker 2: Oh, you don't like anymore? You know.
• 10:41
  Speaker 1: That's one of the problems is it's like it's like
• 10:44
  Speaker 1: they just made ten songs in the eighties and that's
• 10:46
  Speaker 1: all you ever hear. There were so many more songs.
• 10:48
  Speaker 2: Burning down the house.
• 10:50
  Speaker 1: Yeah, it was once a great song as well.
• 10:53
  Speaker 2: I'm going to see David burndon night.
• 10:54
  Speaker 3: Oh cool with uh, So you've won't listen to kime
• 11:00
  Speaker 3: on Aileen, but you'll regurgitate the what's up Budweiser guys.
• 11:04
  Speaker 1: That was from the nineties. I've heard that less frequently.
• 11:09
  Speaker 3: What connection did I hear recently from the guy who
• 11:11
  Speaker 3: directed those I think he's directing movies now or something.
• 11:14
  Speaker 2: The guy who directed those commercials.
• 11:16
  Speaker 3: Right, they're like, you may like, you've never heard of
• 11:18
  Speaker 3: this movie director, but you right, remember these guys.
• 11:22
  Speaker 2: That was the gist of it.
• 11:23
  Speaker 1: I'm surprised those ads never got like a full movie themselves. Yeah,
• 11:28
  Speaker 1: it was that. That definitely that era.
• 11:30
  Speaker 2: Oh for sure.
• 11:31
  Speaker 1: Remember the Caveman from the Geico Ads. H they had
• 11:35
  Speaker 1: their own TV show for a come out. Yeah, like
• 11:37
  Speaker 1: for like three episodes see that.
• 11:39
  Speaker 3: Yeah, this totally could have been a TV show and
• 11:42
  Speaker 3: call it What's Up?
• 11:44
  Speaker 2: Guys?
• 11:45
  Speaker 1: Right, what's happening was taken?
• 11:48
  Speaker 2: All right?
• 11:49
  Speaker 3: So where were we? We were talking about the talking heads?
• 11:54
  Speaker 2: Oh, let's talk about the forest.
• 11:57
  Speaker 1: Well, the reason we're talking about the forest is because, well,
• 12:01
  Speaker 1: a character may or may not have existed. The stuff
• 12:04
  Speaker 1: in the ballads definitely bears a strong resemblance sexual historical events.
• 12:10
  Speaker 2: Yeah right.
• 12:11
  Speaker 3: Yeah, the forest is significant here because at the time
• 12:14
  Speaker 3: in the Middle Ages, how much head a percentage of
• 12:18
  Speaker 3: two thirds of the land in England was forest land and.
• 12:22
  Speaker 2: It was sort of a.
• 12:25
  Speaker 3: It was a place where the king, it was a
• 12:28
  Speaker 3: place where people could go hide out. So that's where
• 12:30
  Speaker 3: it gets this sort of outlaw lore is it was
• 12:34
  Speaker 3: a legit place for outlaws to go do their business.
• 12:37
  Speaker 1: Right, but it was also an outlaw hideout. Yeah, because
• 12:42
  Speaker 1: just by hanging out in the forest you were by
• 12:45
  Speaker 1: definition an outlaw because of those forest laws that were
• 12:48
  Speaker 1: super unpopular among people.
• 12:50
  Speaker 2: You know, forest law means what I don't know.
• 12:53
  Speaker 1: Well, I'll tell.
• 12:53
  Speaker 2: You what's days. What happens in the forest days in
• 12:55
  Speaker 2: the forest?
• 12:56
  Speaker 1: Yeahs unless somebody comes out and blabs about what goes
• 13:00
  Speaker 1: on in the forest. Do you remember, like being a
• 13:03
  Speaker 1: kid though, hanging out in the forest, in the woods,
• 13:05
  Speaker 1: like playing.
• 13:06
  Speaker 3: I grew up in on two acres in the woods,
• 13:09
  Speaker 3: so yeah, I was always in the woods.
• 13:11
  Speaker 1: Its own place it is. So you can imagine like
• 13:14
  Speaker 1: your whole country is like that, and like that's how
• 13:16
  Speaker 1: you're living. You're just an outlaw with your buddies hanging out,
• 13:19
  Speaker 1: having a campfire every night, eating roast pig that you
• 13:25
  Speaker 1: find wandering around.
• 13:26
  Speaker 3: Yeah, but it was weird because the king could like
• 13:30
  Speaker 3: that was his land where he could go have, you know,
• 13:33
  Speaker 3: go hunting, right and have his his dudes hunting. But
• 13:37
  Speaker 3: it was also lawless in a place to hide.
• 13:41
  Speaker 2: It was weird. There was a lot going on in
• 13:42
  Speaker 2: the forest, right.
• 13:43
  Speaker 1: So the reason why you were just by definition and
• 13:46
  Speaker 1: outlaw if you were hanging out in the forest is
• 13:47
  Speaker 1: because the king had these forest laws that said, all
• 13:49
  Speaker 1: this forest, this is mine. Yeah, this is for my hunting,
• 13:53
  Speaker 1: my friend's hunting, and that's it. If you're hanging out
• 13:56
  Speaker 1: in the forest, you're breaking the law. And it was
• 13:58
  Speaker 1: like a big law and like there was serious punishments first,
• 14:01
  Speaker 1: So just being in the forest made you an outlaw.
• 14:05
  Speaker 1: But even more than that, the people who went and
• 14:07
  Speaker 1: lived in the forest weren't like on the run necessarily
• 14:10
  Speaker 1: from the king and the king's officials. They were like
• 14:13
  Speaker 1: at war with the king and the king's officials. This
• 14:15
  Speaker 1: is a time where like just some schmoe like you
• 14:19
  Speaker 1: or me could like wage war directly with the King
• 14:22
  Speaker 1: of England and get him to come fight us basically,
• 14:26
  Speaker 1: and that's kind of what happened, and that's why the
• 14:27
  Speaker 1: forest was a backdrop for all of the robin Hood
• 14:32
  Speaker 1: legends from the beginning of the ballads up to the
• 14:36
  Speaker 1: Robinhood Men and Tights. They were all set in the forest.
• 14:39
  Speaker 1: And because this happened, the forest laws were passed and
• 14:43
  Speaker 1: everyone was really upset about it. So, whether it's a
• 14:46
  Speaker 1: metaphor or whether they're saying, like the king did this
• 14:48
  Speaker 1: and we need to commemorate it, or they were just
• 14:51
  Speaker 1: you know, building a foundation for why this action was
• 14:54
  Speaker 1: taking place, The forest like plays a huge role.
• 14:57
  Speaker 3: Yeah, and there's a new Robinhood movie out. Yeah, it's crazy,
• 15:03
  Speaker 3: Like it seems like every couple of years this this
• 15:06
  Speaker 3: just won't die. They're going to do a new version
• 15:08
  Speaker 3: of it. And there's a new one with the kid
• 15:10
  Speaker 3: from Kidd and play the Yeah with kid from Kidd
• 15:13
  Speaker 3: and Play.
• 15:13
  Speaker 1: He's awesome. He does that like jump through he remember
• 15:17
  Speaker 1: foot and then jump through this.
• 15:19
  Speaker 2: I used to could do that.
• 15:20
  Speaker 1: No, Yeah, I never could. Yeah, I would just fall
• 15:22
  Speaker 1: flat on my face.
• 15:23
  Speaker 2: Young Chuck was a little more fleet of foot.
• 15:26
  Speaker 3: Uh, it's got the kid from the Kingsman, you know
• 15:31
  Speaker 3: that guy he plays Robin Hood and Jamie Jamie Fox
• 15:37
  Speaker 3: is Little John, I guess, but it's you know, of
• 15:39
  Speaker 3: course this one he's he's shooting like literally like five
• 15:43
  Speaker 3: arrows at once, and they all manage to go in
• 15:45
  Speaker 3: different directions somehow.
• 15:47
  Speaker 1: Oh is it a comedy?
• 15:48
  Speaker 2: No, No, it's real.
• 15:50
  Speaker 1: Oh okay, Like there's guys coming at him from different directions.
• 15:52
  Speaker 3: And so he'll put like three arrows and shoot them
• 15:55
  Speaker 3: at the same time. Yet they'll all like spread out
• 15:57
  Speaker 3: like a machine gun fire or something, her shotgun.
• 16:00
  Speaker 1: And for some weird reason, he's going yeah, yeah with
• 16:04
  Speaker 1: every shot.
• 16:05
  Speaker 3: And then I was looking up movies today just while
• 16:07
  Speaker 3: we're on that, and I totally forgot there was a
• 16:10
  Speaker 3: Russell Crowe version that I didn't even see.
• 16:13
  Speaker 1: I think that was just Robin Hood, right.
• 16:15
  Speaker 2: Robin Hood from like twenty ten.
• 16:17
  Speaker 1: Surprisedly, Yeah, No, that's not the one. There's one that
• 16:22
  Speaker 1: like historians are like, this is about as close to
• 16:25
  Speaker 1: accurate as we've gotten.
• 16:26
  Speaker 3: Well, I looked up on the Russell Crowe and then
• 16:29
  Speaker 3: I think the deal is that one is a prequel
• 16:31
  Speaker 3: of sorts, because it's it's like the Wars before he
• 16:36
  Speaker 3: became you know, Robin hood.
• 16:40
  Speaker 2: That you know robs and gives to the poor.
• 16:43
  Speaker 1: I would go check that one out. The one that
• 16:45
  Speaker 1: I was thinking of is from nineteen ninety one. It
• 16:47
  Speaker 1: was directed by John Irvin, starring Patrick Bergen, remember him,
• 16:53
  Speaker 1: Oh yeah, and Uma Thurman. That's the one of the
• 16:56
  Speaker 1: historians are like, this really is the best out of
• 16:59
  Speaker 1: all of them, not Costner.
• 17:04
  Speaker 2: I like that movie when it came out. I'll admit it.
• 17:06
  Speaker 1: I saw JFK on the plane to Australian and I
• 17:09
  Speaker 1: gotta tell you as it came a Costner fan with
• 17:12
  Speaker 1: that one all over again is a great actor.
• 17:15
  Speaker 2: You fell in love all over again?
• 17:16
  Speaker 1: Yeah. Well, I specifically avoided Draft Day so I could
• 17:19
  Speaker 1: leave the door open to be a fan again.
• 17:21
  Speaker 2: Yeah, yeah, that's funny. I don't remember.
• 17:24
  Speaker 4: Uh.
• 17:24
  Speaker 2: All I remember was that preview for Draft Day.
• 17:27
  Speaker 1: That's all I saw it too.
• 17:28
  Speaker 2: But I just remember that.
• 17:30
  Speaker 3: They built up in that previous it's about the NFL Draft,
• 17:33
  Speaker 3: something so big, like I can't believe that happened, It's
• 17:35
  Speaker 3: gonna happen. I was like, what did they like kill
• 17:37
  Speaker 3: somebody in the draft room.
• 17:38
  Speaker 1: No, they drafted calling Kernick Capernick, that's so you Kaepernick whatever, let's.
• 17:47
  Speaker 2: Take a break. I feel like we're off the rails
• 17:49
  Speaker 2: and we're lost in the forest.
• 17:50
  Speaker 3: Yeah, and we'll come back right after this as W
• 17:55
  Speaker 3: s K as.
• 17:56
  Speaker 4: Big should know that.
• 18:04
  Speaker 2: That's why s K.
• 18:07
  Speaker 4: You should know why s K.
• 18:12
  Speaker 1: That we should know knows. But Josh Clark, by the way,
• 18:19
  Speaker 1: I want to say, I admire Colin Kaepernick or Kpernick,
• 18:22
  Speaker 1: and I might no disrespect by saying his name. You're right,
• 18:24
  Speaker 1: that is just so me.
• 18:26
  Speaker 2: Of course I knew you're kneeling right now.
• 18:28
  Speaker 1: In fact, I know that you knew, but I just
• 18:31
  Speaker 1: wanted to sure you know.
• 18:34
  Speaker 3: All right, So they're in the forest. The forest makes
• 18:36
  Speaker 3: historical sense, like we pointed out, that's where outlaws did
• 18:39
  Speaker 3: their bidding. And now we should talk about the king
• 18:47
  Speaker 3: because it's sort of not all over the map. But
• 18:50
  Speaker 3: there's a few a few people that some historians believe
• 18:54
  Speaker 3: could have been the King of note.
• 18:56
  Speaker 1: Yeah, but what's what's weird is if you read those
• 18:58
  Speaker 1: original ballads that are spelled all crazy, they mentioned the
• 19:02
  Speaker 1: king once. Out of all of you, there's just one
• 19:05
  Speaker 1: mention of the king, and they refer to him as Edward,
• 19:08
  Speaker 1: our comely King.
• 19:09
  Speaker 2: Yeah, which I think is Edward three.
• 19:12
  Speaker 1: Right, that's what some historians say if you take the
• 19:16
  Speaker 1: ballads at face value and that they were written contemporaneously
• 19:19
  Speaker 1: to Robin Hood's exploits.
• 19:21
  Speaker 2: Right.
• 19:22
  Speaker 1: But a lot of people and even in the popular culture,
• 19:27
  Speaker 1: the kings that are most associated with the robin Hood
• 19:29
  Speaker 1: legend are Richard the Lion Heart and his brother, the
• 19:33
  Speaker 1: sniveling villain, King John.
• 19:35
  Speaker 2: He's always sniveling and when he and so.
• 19:38
  Speaker 1: In the In the robin Hood legends, Robin Hood frequently
• 19:41
  Speaker 1: helped Richard the Lion Heart regain his throne from King John,
• 19:45
  Speaker 1: who had scheme to get it away from him. King
• 19:48
  Speaker 1: John's the villain King King. Really, Robin Hood's the hero,
• 19:51
  Speaker 1: but King Richard's like the backup hero. But they think
• 19:57
  Speaker 1: that it's possible in some of the best candidates for
• 20:00
  Speaker 1: who robin Hood is based on. Actually, we're running around
• 20:03
  Speaker 1: and interacting with the real life King John, if not
• 20:07
  Speaker 1: also King Richard too.
• 20:09
  Speaker 3: Yeah, but that doesn't make sense time wise, right, because
• 20:14
  Speaker 3: unless they just took a while to get around to
• 20:15
  Speaker 3: writing these stories, because they were around one hundred years
• 20:18
  Speaker 3: before the first Robin Hood ballad started appearing.
• 20:22
  Speaker 1: Right, which, in my opinion, lends credence to the idea
• 20:25
  Speaker 1: that the ballads are folklore based on actual events, because
• 20:31
  Speaker 1: that time span is just about enough for things to
• 20:34
  Speaker 1: be kind of changed and compressed and added to and
• 20:39
  Speaker 1: for a folklore to develop. Like, think about it, if
• 20:41
  Speaker 1: you're describing like an outlaw, Like if you or I
• 20:44
  Speaker 1: like wrote something about Billy the Kid based on stuff
• 20:47
  Speaker 1: we'd heard, what will we come up with? It'd be close,
• 20:51
  Speaker 1: but it wouldn't be like one hundred percent accurate, right right, Yeah,
• 20:54
  Speaker 1: that's a good point.
• 20:56
  Speaker 3: Richard, though, had a pretty interesting story when he died,
• 21:00
  Speaker 3: and this is something that is not lower but is
• 21:04
  Speaker 3: as close to recorded fact as we can get. He
• 21:07
  Speaker 3: was walking around the perimeter of a chateau in France
• 21:12
  Speaker 3: where he that was just there was a battle going on,
• 21:14
  Speaker 3: basically didn't have I get the feeling that it was
• 21:16
  Speaker 3: sort of winding down. So he may have d chain
• 21:19
  Speaker 3: mailed and was like just airing out his armpits or something.
• 21:22
  Speaker 3: Oh so sweaty, and he was shot with a crossbow
• 21:27
  Speaker 3: in the shoulder. Ordinarily might not have been a big deal,
• 21:30
  Speaker 3: but it turned gangrenous. And some people say as he
• 21:35
  Speaker 3: was dying, he said, bring me the man who shot me,
• 21:38
  Speaker 3: and they bring the man and he like forgave him
• 21:40
  Speaker 3: and said, spare this man. I may die, but do
• 21:43
  Speaker 3: not do anything to him. But that's not how it
• 21:45
  Speaker 3: turned out.
• 21:45
  Speaker 1: Is it. It's not the guy's name Peter Basil. And
• 21:50
  Speaker 1: after the king died, everybody turned to Peter Basil and
• 21:54
  Speaker 1: was like, you know you're dead, right.
• 21:55
  Speaker 2: He's like, I probably figured it.
• 21:57
  Speaker 1: Yeah, He's like I was really hoping that wasn't the case, best, right,
• 22:00
  Speaker 1: But didn't you hear him? He just said right, mother.
• 22:04
  Speaker 1: But they flayed him alive, which meant peeling the skin
• 22:07
  Speaker 1: off of his head while he was alive, unbelievable. And
• 22:09
  Speaker 1: then after he endured a lot of agony, they hanged
• 22:12
  Speaker 1: him without the skin because I'm sure they peeled it
• 22:15
  Speaker 1: off of his neck as well. Imagine how bad a
• 22:17
  Speaker 1: hanging would be. But then without your skin on your neck,
• 22:22
  Speaker 1: it's adding insult to injuries, what it is.
• 22:24
  Speaker 3: Yeah, So it was custom at the time that you
• 22:27
  Speaker 3: bury the king in different places, which sounds really horrific now,
• 22:32
  Speaker 3: but he was. He was cut up and buried in
• 22:34
  Speaker 3: different places heart in Normandy, his entrails and shallows, and
• 22:41
  Speaker 3: apparently the rest of his remains in anjou.
• 22:44
  Speaker 2: Right, so that was a good brother.
• 22:47
  Speaker 1: Yeah, that was Richard the lion Heart.
• 22:49
  Speaker 2: Yeah.
• 22:49
  Speaker 1: So he wasn't like deposed by his brother John. He
• 22:55
  Speaker 1: actually died. He was king for two years after their father.
• 23:01
  Speaker 1: What was his name, Henry, I believe, Henry the second, Yeah,
• 23:05
  Speaker 1: Henry the Second, right, Yeah, Okay, so after Henry the
• 23:08
  Speaker 1: Second died, Richard took over for two years, then he
• 23:11
  Speaker 1: dies and then John ascends to the.
• 23:14
  Speaker 2: Throne reign of terror.
• 23:15
  Speaker 1: And John was like he's known among historians as the
• 23:19
  Speaker 1: worst king England's ever had.
• 23:21
  Speaker 3: Yeah, he was, like you said, he was paranoid, he
• 23:25
  Speaker 3: had no scruples, he was humorless.
• 23:29
  Speaker 2: He was just not a good guy.
• 23:31
  Speaker 3: They point out in this article you sent he was
• 23:33
  Speaker 3: the opposite of Robin Hood and that he took from
• 23:35
  Speaker 3: the rich and the poor and just.
• 23:37
  Speaker 2: Gave it to himself.
• 23:38
  Speaker 1: I actually wrote that, did you write that?
• 23:41
  Speaker 2: Very well done?
• 23:41
  Speaker 1: Thank you, Thank you everybody.
• 23:43
  Speaker 2: It sounded like a Josh Clark line.
• 23:45
  Speaker 3: And in the movies, like John's always just sort of
• 23:48
  Speaker 3: a just that he's sort of a whiny baby.
• 23:50
  Speaker 1: He is, but he's also very powerful and very evil
• 23:53
  Speaker 1: and deadly.
• 23:54
  Speaker 2: Yes, and vindictive.
• 23:55
  Speaker 1: Right, Yeah, So this is in real life. That's how
• 23:59
  Speaker 1: he's remembered and just described. He was very well known
• 24:01
  Speaker 1: for being a heavy taxer. He would take your state
• 24:04
  Speaker 1: and he would use these funds to like enrich himself
• 24:06
  Speaker 1: basically like you were saying. But he was the noble
• 24:12
  Speaker 1: or he was the king that the nobles rebelled against
• 24:16
  Speaker 1: and forced to sign the magnet Karta. That was John. Yeah,
• 24:19
  Speaker 1: that means that he was such a bad king that
• 24:22
  Speaker 1: his own people rose up and took London hostage and
• 24:26
  Speaker 1: forced him to negotiate with them, and he signed this
• 24:29
  Speaker 1: document that forms the basis of civil and individual liberties
• 24:34
  Speaker 1: in the Western world, you know, the Magnet Carta signed
• 24:37
  Speaker 1: in twelve fifteen. So John was forced to sign that,
• 24:40
  Speaker 1: and this rebellion is kind of part of the Robinhood
• 24:44
  Speaker 1: legend as well.
• 24:45
  Speaker 2: Pretty cool. Yeah, he wasn't cool.
• 24:47
  Speaker 1: No, but I just thought everything going on around him
• 24:51
  Speaker 1: was cool. And I think that the point of John
• 24:54
  Speaker 1: and the reason why I think that he was part
• 24:57
  Speaker 1: of the basis of the robin Hood legend historically, is
• 25:00
  Speaker 1: that prior to John, when his father was king, there
• 25:04
  Speaker 1: was a respect for the rule of law and things
• 25:08
  Speaker 1: were just kind of run well, like the king didn't
• 25:12
  Speaker 1: act above the law. Well, King John was very much
• 25:15
  Speaker 1: not like that. He was above the law and acted
• 25:17
  Speaker 1: like it and flawn at it. So when his father
• 25:19
  Speaker 1: was around, the idea of an outlaw, an outlaw was
• 25:23
  Speaker 1: a villain. By the time John took over, or after
• 25:27
  Speaker 1: John took over, that had reversed. The outlaw was in
• 25:30
  Speaker 1: opposition to the king. The law was what was corrupt,
• 25:33
  Speaker 1: and so John's reign kind of gave this fertile ground
• 25:37
  Speaker 1: for a legend like Robin Hood, an outlaw hero to develop,
• 25:41
  Speaker 1: possibly for the first time in Western culture.
• 25:44
  Speaker 2: Yeah, it was prime time for something like this to
• 25:46
  Speaker 2: take hold. Right.
• 25:47
  Speaker 3: So, as far as who Robinhood may have been, historians
• 25:52
  Speaker 3: have tossed a lot of people into the pot over
• 25:54
  Speaker 3: the years, and most of them have some variation of
• 25:59
  Speaker 3: that name.
• 26:02
  Speaker 2: There was a Robin with a Y.
• 26:03
  Speaker 3: Hod h o d, a Robert Hood or Robertus not bad,
• 26:10
  Speaker 3: that was Gilbert Robin Hood.
• 26:13
  Speaker 1: Sure, why not with a Y N. So all these
• 26:17
  Speaker 1: historians are like, oh, it's got to be these three guys.
• 26:20
  Speaker 2: Right, Yeah, robin Hood with a U.
• 26:23
  Speaker 3: But here's what some other folks have finally said, is
• 26:26
  Speaker 3: you know what I think that name is not a name,
• 26:29
  Speaker 3: but it is a term for an outlaw. Yeah, so
• 26:34
  Speaker 3: it was created and there's a little bit to back
• 26:36
  Speaker 3: that up.
• 26:36
  Speaker 1: Yeah, there really is. They actually this is like as
• 26:39
  Speaker 1: clever as an historian.
• 26:41
  Speaker 2: Can get pretty good stuff here, clever.
• 26:43
  Speaker 1: And lucky some historians. I didn't find out who it
• 26:47
  Speaker 1: was or when, but they came upon a I guess
• 26:51
  Speaker 1: like a civic proclamation about prior, which is a church
• 26:57
  Speaker 1: official being pardoned for seizing somebody's assets. Yes, and the
• 27:02
  Speaker 1: person and he seized him without a warrant, which is
• 27:05
  Speaker 1: what he was being pardoned for. But the person whose
• 27:07
  Speaker 1: assets he sees was an outlaw named William Robehood. Okay,
• 27:14
  Speaker 1: Robin Hood right, rob e Hod. So they were like, okay,
• 27:18
  Speaker 1: this is a Robin Hood right here. They managed to
• 27:21
  Speaker 1: find the year's court record before for the same area
• 27:26
  Speaker 1: that there was only one prior in the area, and
• 27:29
  Speaker 1: that noted that the prior had seized the assets of
• 27:32
  Speaker 1: a guy named Robert Son or no william Son, yeah,
• 27:36
  Speaker 1: william Son of Robert Lefever. So what they figured out
• 27:40
  Speaker 1: was that the clerk in the pardoning proclamation wrote down
• 27:45
  Speaker 1: that the guy was a Robohoud, which meant a fugitive
• 27:49
  Speaker 1: an outlaw, and they say, okay, this is proof positive
• 27:53
  Speaker 1: that as late as twelve sixty two, no later than
• 27:56
  Speaker 1: twelve sixty two, the idea of using the term robin
• 27:59
  Speaker 1: hood or some variation of that as a term for
• 28:03
  Speaker 1: an outlaw generic term for an outlaw was so widespread
• 28:06
  Speaker 1: that a clerk could write that down denote somebody as
• 28:09
  Speaker 1: a robohod and people would know what they were talking about,
• 28:13
  Speaker 1: which means that that legend of Robinhood had to have
• 28:16
  Speaker 1: been around prior to this and in circulation for long
• 28:20
  Speaker 1: enough that it had spread.
• 28:22
  Speaker 2: Yeah.
• 28:22
  Speaker 3: So in effect, William's son of Robert Lefever is the
• 28:25
  Speaker 3: same person as William Robahod, right, And this dude in
• 28:29
  Speaker 3: twelve sixty two, this clerk just took it upon himself
• 28:33
  Speaker 3: to give him that name, and no one thought he
• 28:35
  Speaker 3: was crazy.
• 28:36
  Speaker 1: Right, Almost like he had written down William the bank robber, right,
• 28:41
  Speaker 1: or William the bandit yeah yeah, rather than writing his
• 28:43
  Speaker 1: last name, which frankly, he didn't have a last name.
• 28:46
  Speaker 1: He was son of Robert Lefever, yeah, because they didn't
• 28:48
  Speaker 1: have last names very much back then. So it was
• 28:51
  Speaker 1: very much like the clerk wrote William the Outlaw Bannit, Yes,
• 28:55
  Speaker 1: but what he used robahod or robin Hood instead of
• 29:00
  Speaker 1: outlaw Bandit is just somewhere over the ages we lost
• 29:04
  Speaker 1: that knowledge that Robahad or robin Hood meant that and
• 29:08
  Speaker 1: wasn't an actual person.
• 29:09
  Speaker 2: Right. So there's this other guy, Fulk Fitzwarren.
• 29:14
  Speaker 1: This guy, he is a bad dude.
• 29:17
  Speaker 3: He was a bad dude and he was a real guy.
• 29:19
  Speaker 3: And it turns out there was actually a personal link
• 29:22
  Speaker 3: to King John. They were pals, Little Fulk Fitzwarren and
• 29:26
  Speaker 3: Young John, who I bet Young John was a not
• 29:29
  Speaker 3: fun to be around. Now he's probably not a fun playmate,
• 29:32
  Speaker 3: yea mine. And here's one story. They were playing chess
• 29:37
  Speaker 3: one day, John got mad, broke his chessboard over Folk's head.
• 29:42
  Speaker 3: Folk kicked him in the stomach and John almost said
• 29:45
  Speaker 3: little John, but that would be a mistake. Little John
• 29:47
  Speaker 3: was a character which, by the way, I don't think
• 29:50
  Speaker 3: we mentioned Little John was referenced in all those old ballads.
• 29:53
  Speaker 3: See he's been around kind of since the beginning.
• 29:55
  Speaker 1: And they think they found his grave.
• 29:57
  Speaker 2: That's right.
• 29:57
  Speaker 3: So this John, as he was younger, went crying to
• 30:01
  Speaker 3: Daddy and said, he kicked me in the stomach. Expecting
• 30:04
  Speaker 3: to get some sort of back up, and apparently that
• 30:08
  Speaker 3: would have been Henry the second. I don't know if
• 30:11
  Speaker 3: he beat him, but he was beaten for complaining about
• 30:13
  Speaker 3: being kicked in the stomach.
• 30:14
  Speaker 1: Kanked him good.
• 30:15
  Speaker 3: Yeah, so no wonder John grew up to be a jerk,
• 30:19
  Speaker 3: right His dad did never have his back.
• 30:21
  Speaker 1: It sounds like, yeah, that's part of it, I'm sure.
• 30:24
  Speaker 3: So flash forward a bit. Folk's father passes away in
• 30:29
  Speaker 3: eleven ninety seven. He inherits his ancestral holding at Whittington.
• 30:35
  Speaker 3: John comes to power and says, I remember when you
• 30:37
  Speaker 3: kicked me in the stomach, what at bastard? I am
• 30:42
  Speaker 3: going to take your holdings, take your family estate basically,
• 30:47
  Speaker 3: and I don't give it to your enemy, old Maury
• 30:50
  Speaker 3: fits Roger. Yeah, sorry, Maury's. There's a name as an
• 30:54
  Speaker 3: ess at the end.
• 30:55
  Speaker 1: These names are great.
• 30:57
  Speaker 2: So Folk ends up murdering Maury's.
• 31:00
  Speaker 1: It might it might even be Morris Morris maybe.
• 31:03
  Speaker 3: Yeah, probably today it would be Morris fitz Roger.
• 31:09
  Speaker 1: That's a new pseudonym.
• 31:11
  Speaker 3: Fulk kills Morris, flees and basically wages a robin Hood
• 31:18
  Speaker 3: like war against John and his men for about three years.
• 31:22
  Speaker 1: Yeah.
• 31:22
  Speaker 2: So this could be him.
• 31:24
  Speaker 1: Yeah, it could be because not just the fact that
• 31:27
  Speaker 1: he was battling King John and fled to the forest
• 31:32
  Speaker 1: where he used as his base of operations. But there
• 31:36
  Speaker 1: are a few other things that came up. Like one
• 31:37
  Speaker 1: thing that's part of the legends but actually isn't part
• 31:40
  Speaker 1: of the earliest ballads is that that robinhood was a
• 31:45
  Speaker 1: fallen nobleman bud of noble birth who either lost or
• 31:50
  Speaker 1: renounced their title and became an outlaw and then regained it.
• 31:54
  Speaker 1: That's the story of Fulk fitz Warren, like he lost
• 31:59
  Speaker 1: his land, he lost his title to this other guy,
• 32:02
  Speaker 1: and then finally got it back when he was pardoned
• 32:04
  Speaker 1: in twelve oh three.
• 32:05
  Speaker 2: Right, pretty good candidate.
• 32:07
  Speaker 1: That was one. There's another one where Folk was known
• 32:13
  Speaker 1: to while he was a forest bandit. He would hijack
• 32:19
  Speaker 1: like the King's people who were carrying the King's money
• 32:22
  Speaker 1: album and he would say what do you have on you?
• 32:27
  Speaker 1: And the ones who told the truth about what they
• 32:29
  Speaker 1: actually had, the amount of currency they had on them,
• 32:32
  Speaker 1: he would let live very Robin Hoodie, very like straight
• 32:36
  Speaker 1: out of the legend. But the ones who lied, he
• 32:38
  Speaker 1: would you know, punish with their lives or whatever that
• 32:41
  Speaker 1: was super Robin Hoodie. There was also another character trait
• 32:45
  Speaker 1: of Robin Hood was disguised as using disguises. Folk Fitzwarren
• 32:48
  Speaker 1: was not above disguising himself.
• 32:50
  Speaker 3: Yeah, there was another guy historical outlaw named Eustace the
• 32:54
  Speaker 3: Monk who also had the disguised thing down, very much
• 32:59
  Speaker 3: like Robin exactly. He would disguise himself as a potter
• 33:03
  Speaker 3: and that even goes to the Disney cartoon. Yeah, these
• 33:06
  Speaker 3: disguises very much a Robin Hood thing.
• 33:09
  Speaker 2: I haven't I don't know.
• 33:10
  Speaker 3: Eustace the Monk doesn't seem as enticing to me as
• 33:14
  Speaker 3: Old fitz Warren.
• 33:15
  Speaker 1: No, fitz Fitz or Folk is.
• 33:18
  Speaker 3: He's my guy to Speaking of fits, though, we should
• 33:21
  Speaker 3: tell everyone that that little tag at the beginning of
• 33:23
  Speaker 3: the name means that you're.
• 33:26
  Speaker 2: You're a bastard child, right.
• 33:27
  Speaker 1: An illegitimate son. I look that up because it sounded
• 33:30
  Speaker 1: too good to be true. But the there was definitely
• 33:35
  Speaker 1: a kid named Fitzroy, which meant illegitimate son of roy
• 33:41
  Speaker 1: of the king. And I can't remember what king or
• 33:42
  Speaker 1: what the guy's first name was, and since then it's
• 33:46
  Speaker 1: kind of become code. But I don't know that that
• 33:48
  Speaker 1: was widespread at the time that necessarily Folk Fitzwarren was
• 33:52
  Speaker 1: an illegitimate son, or that any of the other fits
• 33:57
  Speaker 1: is were.
• 33:57
  Speaker 3: Oh yeah, I wonder today if like Patrick and Fitzgibbons
• 34:01
  Speaker 3: and like Fitzgerald, Fitzgerald is all Is that all mean
• 34:05
  Speaker 3: illegitimate son of Gerald or Patrick?
• 34:07
  Speaker 1: I don't know. I don't know what's the truth anymore?
• 34:09
  Speaker 2: Very interesting fits. Should we take another break?
• 34:14
  Speaker 1: Yeah, we'll let everybody ste on that one for a
• 34:16
  Speaker 1: little while.
• 34:17
  Speaker 2: We'll be back right after this. As why why why
• 34:22
  Speaker 2: s K?
• 34:22
  Speaker 4: As he should know?
• 34:31
  Speaker 2: That's why SK.
• 34:33
  Speaker 1: We should know why s K.
• 34:39
  Speaker 4: We should know?
• 34:40
  Speaker 2: Knows Clark.
• 34:45
  Speaker 1: All right, so we've covered Folk, and we covered Eustace Folk.
• 34:51
  Speaker 1: By the way, we got to tell that one story
• 34:54
  Speaker 1: real quick about him.
• 34:55
  Speaker 2: The beginning.
• 34:56
  Speaker 1: Yeah, he found out that another another band that was
• 35:01
  Speaker 1: using his name.
• 35:02
  Speaker 2: Pierce Morgan what was his name?
• 35:04
  Speaker 1: Pierce?
• 35:04
  Speaker 2: What Pierce to Bruville?
• 35:06
  Speaker 1: Okay, that sounds like these sounds like romance novel names. Yeah,
• 35:11
  Speaker 1: But he found out Pierce was using his name robbing
• 35:14
  Speaker 1: somewhere else. And he captured Pierce and his men, and
• 35:18
  Speaker 1: he made Pierce tie his men up and then go
• 35:20
  Speaker 1: around and behead every single one of them with his
• 35:23
  Speaker 1: own hands.
• 35:23
  Speaker 2: With I guess, with the assumption that he would be let.
• 35:26
  Speaker 1: Go, I guess, but he didn't. Then he cut off
• 35:28
  Speaker 1: Pierce's hands when he was dead. If this happened, Chuck,
• 35:32
  Speaker 1: can you imagine being in that house, that room where
• 35:37
  Speaker 1: there's like five, six, ten guys? I have no idea
• 35:40
  Speaker 1: how many men there were who were systematically beheaded and
• 35:44
  Speaker 1: so like, as you're waiting in line as the guy next,
• 35:47
  Speaker 1: he's getting his head cut off and your turns next.
• 35:49
  Speaker 2: There's heads everywhere.
• 35:50
  Speaker 1: Yeah, how much blood and gore was everywhere? Like can
• 35:54
  Speaker 1: you imagine like really put yourself into that situation like
• 35:57
  Speaker 1: that may have actually happened? So disturbing, so disturbing, Yeah,
• 36:03
  Speaker 1: like losing your head, that's that's I think that's probably
• 36:05
  Speaker 1: like the first mortal fear any humans ever experienced.
• 36:09
  Speaker 2: Yeah, Like we just.
• 36:11
  Speaker 1: Know, on like a primal level, the head is supposed
• 36:14
  Speaker 1: to be attached to the body, and when it's not,
• 36:16
  Speaker 1: there's something bad wrong that's going on.
• 36:19
  Speaker 2: Yeah, like your your death.
• 36:21
  Speaker 3: Yeah, didn't we determine though in a podcast nine and
• 36:24
  Speaker 3: a half years ago, that you stay alive for like
• 36:27
  Speaker 3: what six or seven seconds?
• 36:30
  Speaker 2: Second? That's what they found in rats after you were beheaded.
• 36:32
  Speaker 4: Yeah.
• 36:33
  Speaker 1: I remember that one guy who was guillotine like, he
• 36:35
  Speaker 1: kept like looking over and like trying to die. But
• 36:38
  Speaker 1: then they'd say his name and his eyes would open
• 36:40
  Speaker 1: back up and he'd be like what.
• 36:42
  Speaker 3: Oh, could you imagine the horror of potentially looking up
• 36:45
  Speaker 3: for four seconds and seeing your headless body?
• 36:48
  Speaker 1: No, No, my mind just rails against going there. Yeah,
• 36:53
  Speaker 1: it should, it's replacing it with the what that.
• 37:00
  Speaker 2: All? Right?
• 37:01
  Speaker 3: So there was a guy who wrote a book. A
• 37:03
  Speaker 3: lot of people are still trying to pieces together. This
• 37:06
  Speaker 3: is not something that historians put to bed years and
• 37:09
  Speaker 3: years ago. Definitely, not only fourteen years ago, in two
• 37:12
  Speaker 3: thousand and four, and probably since then. But there was
• 37:15
  Speaker 3: a dude named Brian Benison who wrote a book called
• 37:17
  Speaker 3: Robin Hood colon.
• 37:19
  Speaker 2: Case Closed, always a cult, the real story.
• 37:23
  Speaker 1: That's pretty close to Case Closed.
• 37:25
  Speaker 2: Yeah, pretty much.
• 37:26
  Speaker 3: And he says he's a lot, he's in the camp,
• 37:29
  Speaker 3: that Robin Hood is a name, like a title, similar,
• 37:34
  Speaker 3: he says to Billy the Kid.
• 37:36
  Speaker 2: Right, I thought Billy Kidd was a real dude.
• 37:38
  Speaker 1: Though, right, Yeah, I think his name is William Bonnie.
• 37:40
  Speaker 2: Yeah, but I mean he knew at the time that
• 37:42
  Speaker 2: he was called Billy the Kid.
• 37:43
  Speaker 1: Right, right, Yeah, it's a terrible analogy. I think so too,
• 37:46
  Speaker 1: because it'd be like Robin son of le Fever, right,
• 37:51
  Speaker 1: but you call him Robin Hood not even close now.
• 37:54
  Speaker 3: But at any rate, he claims it's a nickname and
• 37:57
  Speaker 3: that of a man named Roger Godbird or go Baird,
• 38:02
  Speaker 3: and he said he's the real guy. He said he
• 38:04
  Speaker 3: lived in the thirteenth century. He was a friend originally
• 38:09
  Speaker 3: of the Sheriff of Nottingham, Reginald Degray.
• 38:11
  Speaker 1: That's pretty significant.
• 38:12
  Speaker 3: And we should point out too that the one reason
• 38:15
  Speaker 3: we can't pinpoint a lot of this is that they
• 38:17
  Speaker 3: never name of the Sheriff of Nottingham they're talking about
• 38:20
  Speaker 3: in any of these stories, right, And that's not a
• 38:22
  Speaker 3: person's name, that's a title.
• 38:25
  Speaker 1: No, But there is such a thing as the Sheriff
• 38:27
  Speaker 1: of Nottingham that there was back then. But there were
• 38:29
  Speaker 1: many of them, right, exactly, just one after the other.
• 38:32
  Speaker 1: So that doesn't help that much, but it does zero
• 38:34
  Speaker 1: in sure on the area. But yeah, it doesn't help
• 38:37
  Speaker 1: get a time period down.
• 38:38
  Speaker 3: No, But he claims that it was specifically Reginald Degray
• 38:42
  Speaker 3: that Sheriff of Nottingham and after what four years is
• 38:47
  Speaker 3: an outlaw. The dude was captured, went to jail, pardoned,
• 38:52
  Speaker 3: and then farmed peacefully for the rest of his life.
• 38:55
  Speaker 1: Yeah, and I mean, that guy's a pretty good candidate.
• 38:58
  Speaker 1: He is because one of the things about the robin
• 39:01
  Speaker 1: Hood themes, despite some in some of that, I think
• 39:06
  Speaker 1: the ballads, No, not in the ballads. It would have
• 39:09
  Speaker 1: been in the ones that came later, so I guess
• 39:11
  Speaker 1: the ones that the Scottish historians added. He was battling
• 39:14
  Speaker 1: the king in the original ballads. All of the people
• 39:19
  Speaker 1: he was rebelling against and fighting were like local authorities,
• 39:23
  Speaker 1: like the sheriff of Nottingham. Yeah, so he was kind
• 39:26
  Speaker 1: of a working class hero among like the first working
• 39:31
  Speaker 1: class the West has ever seen. The Yooman farmers of
• 39:35
  Speaker 1: the era or of the area. They were like the
• 39:37
  Speaker 1: first like middle class that ever developed. Because either you
• 39:41
  Speaker 1: were a peasant, meaning you were a feudal slave to
• 39:45
  Speaker 1: the feudal lord and you worked the land whether you
• 39:48
  Speaker 1: liked it or not, or you were landed gentry like
• 39:51
  Speaker 1: you were a feudal lord and you had a peasantry
• 39:53
  Speaker 1: and you had, you know, a bunch of land. You're
• 39:55
  Speaker 1: friends with the king. Yeah, but in between there were yeomans.
• 39:58
  Speaker 1: I think that's how you say it. Why an yeomen yeoman?
• 40:02
  Speaker 1: There were yeoman farmers who were they weren't slaves, but
• 40:07
  Speaker 1: they didn't have a title. They just kind of made
• 40:10
  Speaker 1: their own way. And supposedly that's what Robinhood was. So
• 40:13
  Speaker 1: it sounds like that this was what this Roger Gobert
• 40:16
  Speaker 1: is right, he was the same thing. And the idea
• 40:19
  Speaker 1: that he was battling the sheriff of Nottingham, that would
• 40:22
  Speaker 1: place him more in the historical lens than say, if
• 40:26
  Speaker 1: he were like battling King John. That's actually a mark
• 40:29
  Speaker 1: against folk fitz Warren, because that doesn't appear in the
• 40:33
  Speaker 1: original ballads. It was he was battling the sheriff of Nottingham,
• 40:36
  Speaker 1: where he's battling local church officials. He hated the church officials,
• 40:40
  Speaker 1: but he loved God. He did so much so that
• 40:43
  Speaker 1: he would get arrested to come out to go to church.
• 40:45
  Speaker 2: Right. He just hated the clergy.
• 40:47
  Speaker 1: Right, which at the time those were the people who
• 40:50
  Speaker 1: were taking your land or throwing you in jail or
• 40:53
  Speaker 1: taking your stuff without a warrant.
• 40:55
  Speaker 2: Yeah.
• 40:55
  Speaker 3: And also when you look back on a lot of
• 40:56
  Speaker 3: these early ballads and stories, they're very, very different from
• 41:01
  Speaker 3: what the legend of Robinhood became to us in like
• 41:04
  Speaker 3: contemporary fiction. Apparently that the Jest Ballad only had a
• 41:09
  Speaker 3: couple of things that he did that were even close
• 41:14
  Speaker 3: to like these big altruistic acts that he's really really
• 41:17
  Speaker 3: most known for now.
• 41:18
  Speaker 1: I think one of them was he agreed to lend
• 41:21
  Speaker 1: money to a knight of the.
• 41:23
  Speaker 3: Really, here's five bucks, just pay it back with a
• 41:27
  Speaker 3: two percent big.
• 41:28
  Speaker 1: Right, But that right, but that whole steal from the
• 41:31
  Speaker 1: rich and give to the poor thing. Yeah, that came
• 41:34
  Speaker 1: thanks to the Scottish historians.
• 41:35
  Speaker 3: Yeah, all these authors sort of littered it with that
• 41:37
  Speaker 3: stuff because they found a champion of the underling basically
• 41:41
  Speaker 3: and the common man and ran with.
• 41:43
  Speaker 1: It just from standing up to the king or to
• 41:45
  Speaker 1: the authority who were acting unjustly and above the law themselves.
• 41:49
  Speaker 2: Yeah.
• 41:50
  Speaker 3: There's also no mention in those early tales of a
• 41:52
  Speaker 3: maid Marian, who seems to have come along later and
• 41:57
  Speaker 3: is actually one of a great example of one of
• 42:00
  Speaker 3: the first examples in literature of female empowerment of a character.
• 42:04
  Speaker 3: Because made Marian was no one's chump no in any
• 42:07
  Speaker 3: of these stories, and she was like a sort of
• 42:11
  Speaker 3: an equal to Robin, partially because of her spunk and
• 42:15
  Speaker 3: partially because Robin and the.
• 42:17
  Speaker 2: Stories at least, was kind of down with equality.
• 42:21
  Speaker 1: Right, Yeah, that was one thing. That and basically being
• 42:25
  Speaker 1: in Nottingham area or Yorkshire area but somewhere in the woods.
• 42:31
  Speaker 1: Those two things are basically the two constants throughout all
• 42:34
  Speaker 1: the Robin Hood legends that he was very much down with.
• 42:39
  Speaker 1: He was a feminist, yeah, and made Marian from what
• 42:43
  Speaker 1: I saw, she had her own series of ballads before
• 42:47
  Speaker 1: she appeared in the Robin Hood ballads. She was her
• 42:49
  Speaker 1: own character, and so when they were brought together, it
• 42:52
  Speaker 1: was kind of analogous to like putting Superman and Wonder
• 42:55
  Speaker 1: Woman in the same comic book basically, which is a
• 42:58
  Speaker 1: pretty cool move. That is a cool move, And to
• 43:00
  Speaker 1: keep her equal to him, that's huge.
• 43:03
  Speaker 2: Yeah, it is huge.
• 43:04
  Speaker 3: Whether or not any of that happened, it's kind of
• 43:07
  Speaker 3: irrelevant as far as literature's concern. There was one historian
• 43:11
  Speaker 3: in fifteen twenty one that wrote, Robin permitted no harm
• 43:14
  Speaker 3: to women, nor sees the goods of the poor, but
• 43:17
  Speaker 3: helped them generously with what he took from abbots, like
• 43:21
  Speaker 3: we were saying earlier with the clergy. But then in
• 43:24
  Speaker 3: some of the earlier stories, there's not a whole lot
• 43:26
  Speaker 3: of mention of that kind of stuff, except for one
• 43:29
  Speaker 3: that just had one comment that Robin did poor men
• 43:33
  Speaker 3: much good.
• 43:34
  Speaker 1: It's okay, sure, I guess it's better than like he
• 43:37
  Speaker 1: was the scourge of the poor.
• 43:38
  Speaker 3: Yeah, but it wasn't like they built the legend upon
• 43:41
  Speaker 3: that one kind of throwaway line. But I think they
• 43:43
  Speaker 3: did well yeah, yeah, yeah, right, but they didn't make
• 43:46
  Speaker 3: a lot of hay out of it, or at least
• 43:47
  Speaker 3: that one author didn't.
• 43:48
  Speaker 1: Yeah, not at the very beginning. In the ballads, yeah there,
• 43:51
  Speaker 1: it was also like way more violent, Like there was
• 43:54
  Speaker 1: one of the characters much the miller's son, Uh huh
• 43:57
  Speaker 1: much was his name? I just loved that guy's name.
• 44:00
  Speaker 1: Much was. I think in the ballads he lops off
• 44:04
  Speaker 1: the head of a page boy, a child to keep
• 44:07
  Speaker 1: him from like blabbing from what he saw. You know,
• 44:10
  Speaker 1: the location of where the merry Men were right there,
• 44:14
  Speaker 1: It was way more violent than than the later ones
• 44:19
  Speaker 1: depicted Robin hood.
• 44:20
  Speaker 3: Yeah, they were though, all Robin and his merry Men
• 44:25
  Speaker 3: archery was always a big deal. They're all very skilled
• 44:28
  Speaker 3: archers and one of the swordsmen, but they were all
• 44:32
  Speaker 3: super skilled horsemen, and that's not something that you see
• 44:36
  Speaker 3: as much, right, although I think in this new movie
• 44:38
  Speaker 3: there he's pretty good horsemen.
• 44:40
  Speaker 1: Yeah, I mean imagine, like it's it's hard enough to
• 44:43
  Speaker 1: be good on a horse, but a horse in a forest,
• 44:45
  Speaker 1: that's that's like a whole different level.
• 44:47
  Speaker 3: Shooting arrows. Yeah, like a Mongol exactly. And that was
• 44:51
  Speaker 3: who was so good.
• 44:52
  Speaker 1: Yep, the Mongols. The Mongol hordes who made their thigh steaks.
• 45:00
  Speaker 1: Remember they sat on raw meat on their saddles to
• 45:03
  Speaker 1: cure it. Tar tar, stake, tartar.
• 45:08
  Speaker 2: What else you got anything?
• 45:10
  Speaker 1: Oh? He was killed by a treacherous priorus, a female
• 45:14
  Speaker 1: church official, kind of like a middle manager.
• 45:17
  Speaker 2: None, a middle manager none.
• 45:19
  Speaker 1: Yeah, he went to go see none for oh right,
• 45:23
  Speaker 1: was he hurt healthcare? I'm not sure what it was,
• 45:25
  Speaker 1: but he went to go get bled and she purposefully
• 45:28
  Speaker 1: overbled him. And then when he asked to be buried
• 45:32
  Speaker 1: somewhere and she's like, nope, I'm going to bury you
• 45:33
  Speaker 1: on the side of the road. And she supposedly erected
• 45:37
  Speaker 1: a This is in Kirkles. She erected a stone that
• 45:42
  Speaker 1: said here lies Robin hood or something. I don't remember
• 45:46
  Speaker 1: exactly what variation of Robinhood it was Robert hood Hude
• 45:54
  Speaker 1: and supposedly she erected it, and this was written hundreds
• 45:57
  Speaker 1: of years later to basically let travelers through the woods
• 46:01
  Speaker 1: know that they didn't have to fear being held up
• 46:03
  Speaker 1: any longer.
• 46:05
  Speaker 3: Apparently if your name had the initials r h, it
• 46:09
  Speaker 3: was fair game.
• 46:09
  Speaker 1: Yeah.
• 46:10
  Speaker 2: They really have.
• 46:11
  Speaker 3: A lot of leeway here with with things like hood
• 46:15
  Speaker 3: hod Hod.
• 46:15
  Speaker 1: Yeah. Well everybody was illiterate, so it didn't matter.
• 46:18
  Speaker 3: Robin Robert robertus, come on, maybe I'm maybe, I'm I'm.
• 46:23
  Speaker 1: Mine, you middle English dumb dums.
• 46:27
  Speaker 3: And supposedly, after as he was dying, he used his
• 46:29
  Speaker 3: last bit of energy to shoot it, to fire an
• 46:31
  Speaker 3: arrow and say that's where I want to be buried.
• 46:33
  Speaker 3: That's what she was like. That was nice for the movies,
• 46:36
  Speaker 3: but yeah, it's not happening.
• 46:38
  Speaker 1: She's like, yeah, sure, sure you can die knowing that
• 46:40
  Speaker 1: I'll bury you.
• 46:41
  Speaker 3: Just there over bled. Man, can you imagine, because I
• 46:44
  Speaker 3: guess you just get so weak.
• 46:45
  Speaker 1: That I can't imagine.
• 46:46
  Speaker 3: You're probably like I think I'm good. But I'm not
• 46:50
  Speaker 3: feeling so hot. She's like, just a little more.
• 46:54
  Speaker 1: I'm not dead yet. Yeah, you got anything else?
• 46:57
  Speaker 2: Nothing?
• 46:58
  Speaker 1: So that was robin Hood history. And if you love
• 47:02
  Speaker 1: history too, we'll go look up some Roberhood stuff on
• 47:05
  Speaker 1: the internet. Since I said that it is time for
• 47:07
  Speaker 1: this moment.
• 47:09
  Speaker 3: I'm gonna call this one of the many, many, many
• 47:12
  Speaker 3: roundabouts emails that we.
• 47:14
  Speaker 2: Got a lot. Everyone loves their roundabouts.
• 47:17
  Speaker 1: I know.
• 47:17
  Speaker 3: It was really surprising, like everyone wanted to talk about
• 47:21
  Speaker 3: their hometown roundabout.
• 47:22
  Speaker 1: Everybody's very proud of their roundabout.
• 47:24
  Speaker 2: Apologies to the people of Carmel.
• 47:26
  Speaker 1: Carmel.
• 47:28
  Speaker 2: No, didn't say it was Carmel.
• 47:29
  Speaker 1: I don't remember anymore.
• 47:30
  Speaker 2: I think it's supposed to be Carmel.
• 47:31
  Speaker 1: Let's go with Carmel.
• 47:33
  Speaker 3: Hey, guys, just finished roundabouts. I thought i'd pitch a
• 47:36
  Speaker 3: little info on our local one. In Alexandria, Louisiana the
• 47:40
  Speaker 3: nineteen forties, it built two circles part of a road
• 47:42
  Speaker 3: project speed up travel between two local military bases that
• 47:46
  Speaker 3: had popped up to during World War Two. The larger
• 47:49
  Speaker 3: of the two is still in use, so it's notorious
• 47:51
  Speaker 3: and the area for traffic accidents, especially during heavy traffic
• 47:55
  Speaker 3: and bad weather. It's a two lane circle with a
• 47:58
  Speaker 3: large forested area in the very so that is probably
• 48:00
  Speaker 3: the size of a city block. Like other roundabouts, you
• 48:03
  Speaker 3: must yield to traffic already on the circle. There are
• 48:05
  Speaker 3: two lanes that funnel traffic under the circle, and only
• 48:08
  Speaker 3: one lane for getting off. This means that if you're
• 48:10
  Speaker 3: in the if you enter the left lane, you have
• 48:13
  Speaker 3: to merge to the right lane before you can exit.
• 48:16
  Speaker 2: Because the circle is so big.
• 48:17
  Speaker 3: Though the speed limit is forty five miles an hour,
• 48:20
  Speaker 3: within this circle, people inevitably go too fast, or sometimes
• 48:25
  Speaker 3: lanes change as slower cars are entering the circle, resulting
• 48:29
  Speaker 3: in rear end crashes. The problem is frequent enough that
• 48:33
  Speaker 3: the city is seriously looking into eliminating the circle.
• 48:36
  Speaker 2: Oooh no definitive planet.
• 48:38
  Speaker 3: It's replacement has been settled on, and some locals are
• 48:41
  Speaker 3: concerned about disrupting wildlife in the forest as well, which
• 48:44
  Speaker 3: is delayed any definitive action on whether the circle will
• 48:47
  Speaker 3: continue to exist.
• 48:49
  Speaker 1: May the Circle be unbroken.
• 48:51
  Speaker 2: Warmest regards.
• 48:52
  Speaker 3: I love that Marshall Wells from Colfax, Louisiana.
• 48:56
  Speaker 1: Thanks a lot, Marshall, appreciate that great story. Let us
• 49:00
  Speaker 1: know how it pans out because we worry about the
• 49:02
  Speaker 1: wildlife too.
• 49:03
  Speaker 3: Yeah, and thanks for everyone who wrote in about the roundabouts.
• 49:06
  Speaker 3: I love the enthusiasm.
• 49:07
  Speaker 1: Yeah, it's nice, especially from Carmel Cormel. If you want
• 49:12
  Speaker 1: to get in touch with us, do that. You can
• 49:14
  Speaker 1: go to stuff you Should Know dot com find out
• 49:16
  Speaker 1: social media links, and you can also send us an
• 49:18
  Speaker 1: email to stuff podcast at HowStuffWorks dot com.
• 49:24
  Speaker 2: Stuff you Should Know is a production of iHeartRadio. For
• 49:27
  Speaker 2: more podcasts my heart Radio, visit the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts,
• 49:32
  Speaker 2: or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.