Yoma 42: Elazar Was a Kohen
A dispute between Rav and Shmuel - who are Amoraim! - on whether the slaughter of the Yom Kippur Korban or the parah adumah can be done by a non-kohen. Namely, forgetting. Also, a zoom in on the slaughter of the parah adumah if done by a non-kohen. With a spotlight on the logic of how the non-kohen came to be excluded - just as a woman would have been excluded (it works, but also a little odd). They are working on the midrash halakhah that get them to the halakhic conclusion that they already know it needs to be.
The skinny
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