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26 - Garibaldi and the Making of Italy by George Macaulay Trevelyan · Garibaldi and the Making of Italy

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  Speaker 1: Appendix G of Garibaldi and the Making of Italy by
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  Speaker 1: George McCaulay Trevellion. This LibriVox recording is in the public domain.
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  Speaker 1: Date of Landings in Calabria one the date of Garibaldi's landing.
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  Speaker 1: Bixio's dispatch, by a slip of the pen, gives the
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  Speaker 1: date of the crossing as the night of August nineteenth twentieth,
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  Speaker 1: whereas it was really the night of August eighteenth and nineteenth.
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  Speaker 1: This has misled many historians, since, for example, the author
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  Speaker 1: of Tour's Division one hundred and thirty two Castelini, page
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  Speaker 1: fifty two, Note two and di cisare himself. Bixio in
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  Speaker 1: fact makes his own error patent to any one who
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  Speaker 1: reads his dispatch with special care, for the dispatch is
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  Speaker 1: not consistent with itself. He says that they entered Reggio
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  Speaker 1: before dawn on August twenty first, after having passed the
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  Speaker 1: Calabria two full days with the night in between them.
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  Speaker 1: Not only Bixio, but Garibaldi and other members of the
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  Speaker 1: expedition agree that after landing at dawn, they spent first
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  Speaker 1: one whole day, then one whole night, and then another
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  Speaker 1: whole day before making the night attack on Reggio. That
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  Speaker 1: attack was made on the night of August twentieth and
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  Speaker 1: twenty first, after midnight. Therefore, they must have landed at
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  Speaker 1: dawn on August nineteenth, not at dawn on August twentieth.
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  Speaker 1: That they crossed in the night of August eighteenth. Landing
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  Speaker 1: at dawn on August nineteenth is expressly stated by the
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  Speaker 1: following first hand authorities. Mengini four fifty one Paired Manuscript Journal,
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  Speaker 1: August eighteenth, nineteenth, Erebini, section two, page one hundred and
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  Speaker 1: one hundred one, Duran Breger one seventy one times, August
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  Speaker 1: twenty fifth, page nine, column five, where the correspondent, writing
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  Speaker 1: on August nineteenth describes the departure from Giardini on the
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  Speaker 1: previous evening, the eighteenth Castellini fifty two text, the modern
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  Speaker 1: note being in error, and the Neapolitan dispatches of the
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  Speaker 1: date P and L. Forty five and forty six, which
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  Speaker 1: alone would be conclusive. But once the inconsistency in Bixial's
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  Speaker 1: dispatch has been detected and the necessary emendation made, it
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  Speaker 1: may be said that all the first hand authorities who
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  Speaker 1: give any dates at all agree that the landing was
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  Speaker 1: at dawn of August nineteenth. The second hand authorities are
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  Speaker 1: mostly wrong, having followed the error in Bixial's dispatch two
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  Speaker 1: date of Cosens landing Cocents crossed from Pharoh at Favenzena
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  Speaker 1: at dawn on August twenty second, according to Orsini fifty
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  Speaker 1: three on August twentieth. According to Maison forty four, both
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  Speaker 1: are wrong. He landed on the morning of August twenty first,
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  Speaker 1: while Garibaldi was taking Reggio. This is proved by the
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  Speaker 1: date of the Neapolitan dispatches in p and L. Fifty
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  Speaker 1: two and fifty six by Lorizzani one O five, Mangini
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  Speaker 1: two seventy six, and Times September fourth, page seven, column three.
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  Speaker 1: Some of these authorities described the fotilla as starting overnight,
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  Speaker 1: others at dawn, others not till eight in the morning.
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  Speaker 1: The Time says that the boats left the Faro in
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  Speaker 1: two batches, which may partly account for this inconsistency. What
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  Speaker 1: is certain is that Kozin's force landed at Favenzina on
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  Speaker 1: the morning of August twenty first end of Appendix G