Transcript

8.26.25 · Washington Post

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Speaker 1: Welcome to the reading of the Washington Post for Tuesday,
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August twenty sixth, twenty twenty five. As a reminder, Radio
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I is a reading service intended for people who are
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blind or have other disabilities that make it difficult to
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read printed material. Your reader for to day is Cindy Fraser.
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To day's front page headlines from the Washington Post are
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THEMA staff broadcasts of public warning letter. Administration's moves harm
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agency and may lead a disaster. Next, Judge keeps Abrego
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in US ice, arrest him at Baltimore chek in temporary
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order averts deportation to Uganda. Our next headline, tuition leaps
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for undocumented Texas students deal with d o J led
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to policy reversal, officials now pressing more states. Next, edicts
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take aim at flag burning bail policy issues are important
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to Trump's space, but may face legal challenges. Our next headline,
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turning up pressure on FED. Trump says he'll fire board member.
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And the final headline from today's front page, a I
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private school comes to Virginia for sixty five thousand dollars
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a year. Teacherless institution's pupils study for two hours, then
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turn to life skills. Now, let's turn to our first
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item entitled FEMA staff broadcasts of public warning letter. Administration's
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moves harm agency and may lead to disaster by Brianna Sachs.
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More than one hundred eighty Federal Emergency Management Agency employees
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sent a letter Monday to members of Congress and other
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officials arguing that the agency's direction and current leaders inexperience,
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harm femous mission and could result in a disaster on
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the level of Hurricane Katrina. The letter, on which three
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dozen employees signed their full names, says that since January,
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staffers have been operating under leaders Homeland Security Secretary Christy
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l Nom, acting FEMA Administrator David Richardson, and former leader
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Karen Hamilton, who lack the legal qualifications and authority to
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manage FEMA's operations. This has eroded and hindered the agency's
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ability to effectively manage emergencies and other operations, including national
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security work. The letter says after Hurricane Katrina became one
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of the worst disasters in the nation's history, in part
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because of failures by local, state, and federal governments, Congress
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passed the post Katrina Emergency Management Reformat to give FEMA
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more power and responsibility. The hurricane made landfall in southeast
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Louisiana in August two thousand five, leading to at least
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one thousand, eight hundred deaths and some one hundred billion
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dollars in damage. The resulting legislation allowed FEMA to better
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prepare communities for and help them recover from disasters, but
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the letter warns that the Trump administration is sending the
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agency and the country back to a pre Katrina era
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by not having a Senate confirmed and qualified emergency manager
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at FEMA's helm, by slashing mitigation, disaster recovery, training, and
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community programs, and by thwarting official's ability to make decisions
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because of a restrictive new expense policy. The letter demands
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that federal lawmakers defend FEMA from Department of Homeland Security interference,
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protect the agency's employees from politically motivated firings, conduct more oversight,
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and ultimately take FEMA out of DHS and establish it
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as an independent cabinet level agency in the executive branch.
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Or shared commitment to our country, our ohs of office,
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and our mission of helping people before, during, and after
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disasters compel us to warn Congress and the American people
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of the cascading effects of decisions made by the current administration,
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the employees wrote, adding that they are sounding the alarm
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so that we can continue to lawfully uphold our individual
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ohs of office and serve our country as our mission dictates.
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During Katrina, the DHS secretary had difficulty coordinating the disparate
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activities of federal departments and agencies and lacked real time,
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accurate situational awareness of both the facts from the disaster
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area as well as the ongoing responds activities of the federal,
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state and local players. A federal review found some of
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those same issues played out during the deadly Texas floods
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in July because teams could not move as quickly as
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a result of NOMES budget restrictions. In their letter, the
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employees said that disaster proved the inefficiencies, in effectiveness, and
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dangers of the processes and decisions put forth by the
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current administration. As of Sunday evening, thirty six employees had
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signed their full names and about one hundred fifty others
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had signed anonymously. In a statement, DHS said it is
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committed to ensuring FEMA delivers for the American people the
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Trump administration has made accountability and reform a priority so
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that taxpayer dollars actually reached the people and communities they
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are meant to help. Acting Press Secretary Daniel large Is
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said in a statement, adding change is always hard. It
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is especially for those invested in the status quo, But
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our obligation is to survivors, not to protecting broken systems.
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The statement referred to several actions the agency has undertaken
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during nome's tenure, including awarding more than six billion dollars
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in individual assistance for disaster ying recovery and more than
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seventeen billion dollars in public assistance. The open show of
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resistance from FEMA employees is the latest example of federal
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workers speaking out against the Trump administration's actions and policies,
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in many cases, putting their jobs and safety at risk.
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Called the Bethesda Declaration movement after the Maryland city where
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the National Institutes of Health is headquartered, it began in
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June when NIH employees issued a letter modeled after Director
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Jay Batacharaiya's descent against the government's COVID policies. In twenty twenty,
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employees at the Environmental Protection Agency NASA and the National
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Science Foundation followed suit. The administration put nearly one hundred
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forty EPA employees on leave after their letter of descent
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last month. A number of employees at other agencies are
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coalescing and mapping out similar declarations to push back against
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the dismantling of their institutione US, said Jeremy Burg, a
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board member of Stand Up for Science, which has been
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helping advise federal workers on the declarations. Burg served as
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director of the NIH's National Institute of General Medical Sciences
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from two thousand three to twenty eleven. Some people are
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risking everything but can't live with themselves if they don't
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do it, and are ready to struggle on unemployment if
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they get fired. Berg said it's a real profile encourage
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to watch. One female employee, who helped organize the declaration
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and spoke to The Washington Post on the condition of
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anonymity out of fear of retribution, said that she never
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expected to write or sign anything like this with no
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back up job or cushion. She weighed the work she
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could do if she stayed in her role keeping quiet,
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But after NIH employees sent their letter, she and about
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ten others started writing their own declaration. And circulated it
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around the agency. I think the unfortunate reality is that
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our agency is on such a dangerous trajectory and drastic
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action is needed, she said. But Congress passed laws after
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Katrina to protect Americans and FEMA from inadequate leadership, inaction,
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and unpreparedness. But I don't think Congress realizes how many
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of those laws have been broken been violated. FEMA has
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faced drastic institutional changes in recent months, including the loss
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of one third of its workforce and programs that help
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communities prepare for disasters and rebuild after they've been hit.
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Over the past six months, the administration has cut funding
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and frozen major programs such as building Resilient infrastructure and
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Communities Brick, which FEMA employees set in their letter save
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lives and help reduce future devastation from climate change. Trump
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officials have not given out hazard Mitigation grants, which fund
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resilience projects, to any state since February, despite many having
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applied for them after floods and winter storms. The letter
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argues that leaving communities, specifically indigenous, black, brown, and lower
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income to fend for themselves by cutting funding, trainings, and
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other forms of assistance has the appearance of cost reduction,
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but will instead result in an opposite outcome. Administration officials
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have also scaled back or scrapped several programs related to
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climate and science in the name of cutting costs and
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preventing fraud. This administration's decision to ignore and disregard the
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facts pertaining to climate science and disasters shows a blatant
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disregard for the safety and security of our nation's people
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and all American communities, regardless of their geographic, economic, or
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ethnic diversity. The FEMA employees said in their letter, Nome,
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whose department oversees FEMA, has tight in control over what
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the agency can spend money on. For an agency that
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spends millions of dollars in a matter of minutes when
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responding to disasters and funds grants to help cities and
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states prepare for and build back from destruction, that budget
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process has ground most of its functions to a halt.
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On top of their regular jobs, employees formed a task
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force to go through the backlog of thousands of contracts
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that needed gnomes approval, from payments for employee cell phones
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to debris removal after disasters. Her review of contracts is superfluous,
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given that FEMA is already required to develop prescripted mission
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assignments per federal law. The letter states, though FEMA has
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lost thousands of workers to the administration's deferred resignation program,
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firings and early retirements, the Post reported that in the
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middle of hurricane season, No Home send dozens of FEMA
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employees to help Immigration and Customs Enforcement recruit more personnel
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to round up and deport immigrants. Anyone who refused the
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assignment transfer could be fired. The letter again points to
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the post Katrina Emergency Management Reform Act, which states that
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transfers are prohibited except for details or assignments that do
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not reduce the capability of the agency to perform its missions.
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The reassignments to help IYCE employees say do just that.
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Since January, FEMA has been operating without an official leader. Normally,
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the president appoints an accomplished emergency manager, who then seeks
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Senate confirmation to become FEMA's administrator. In May, Trump installed
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Richardson as FEMA's top official after NOME fired Hamilton for
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publicly opposing the administration's proposal to eliminate the agency. Richardson
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remains in the role in an acting capacity while also
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lead the DHS office that seeks to curb weapons of
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mass destruction. He has no specific emergency management experience. The
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FEMA employee who helped shape the letter is a caseworker
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for disastrous survivors during the Texas floods. She said she
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was unable to process applications and approve assistance because she
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was diverted to answering helplines a result of Trump policies
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that had delayed call center contracts. Moments like that ultimately
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pushed her to sign her full name to the letter
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of descent. There is a strong culture of fear right
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now in our agency and others, she said, But I
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don't think we have a choice any more. Our next
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item from today's front page is entitled Judge keeps Brigo
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in US. I surest him at Baltimore Chicken Temporary order
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of verts deportation to Uganda by Jeremy Roebuck, Marias Acchetti,
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and Dana Monroe. US Immigrations and Customs Enforcement arrested Kilmar
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Abrego Garcia on Monday, days after his release from criminal custody,
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a first step in the Trump administration's plan to deport
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him to Uganda, potentially before he faces trial on human
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smuggling charges. Trump officials had insisted Abrago would never go
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free in the United States, and they blasted a federal
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judge's ruling in Tennessee that the government had failed to
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prove he was a flight risk or a threat to
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the community. His freedom lasted less than seventy two hours.
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Officers took Abrigo into custody after he arrived at a
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required check in with ICE in Baltimore. Whether the government
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will succeed in deporting him remains unclear. Hours later, U
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S District Judge Paula Zennus temporarily barred the administration from
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removing him until she can hold a hearing to ensure
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that the Trump administration is following the law. Your clients
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are absolutely forbidden at this juncture to remove mister Albrego
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Garcia from the continental United States, she told Deputy Assistant
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Attorney General Drew Ensign. She then pointedly asked whether her
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order was understood, your honor, yes, Enson said, we certainly
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understand that Sinnis was the first federal judge to order
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the Trump administration to facilitate Abrago's return from El Salvador
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after the government admitted it had mistakenly deported him to
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a mega prison for gang members in March. Zinnis clashed
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with the government lawyers during those proceedings, accusing them of
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failing to comply with her rulings. Zinnis said during Monday's
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hearing that she wanted to ensure Abrigo's due process rights
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are protected and that she will hold a hearing as
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soon as this week. She said she was willing to
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move as fast as is just. Abrago's arrest and the
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legal scramble over his possible removal marked the latest chapter
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in a lengthy legal saga in a case that has
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come to symbolize that Trump administration's aggressive approach to immigration enforcement.
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Abrego is an undocumented immigrant who arrived in the US
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as a teenager, fleeing what he and his family have
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described as threats from gangs. The government returned Obrego from
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Elsalvadar in June only after securing an indictment against him
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on smuggling charges in Tennessee. Those charges stem from a
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twenty twenty two traffic stop that resulted in no charges
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at the time, and to which Abrego has pleaded not guilty.
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Abrego's lawyers have asserted that the government is threatening him
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with removal to Uganda to coerce him into pleading guilty
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and accept deportation to Costa Rica, a Spanish speaking country
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that is regarded as the safest in Central America. Prosecutors
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on Monday called that claim misleading and dishonest, and they
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maintained they undertook their plead negotiations with Abrego in good faith,
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ensign said during Monday's court hearing the regardless of Ziz
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in his order, Abrego's deportation was not imminent. Third country
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removals often take some time, he said. Earlier in the day,
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dozens of activists and supporters had rallied outside the Ice
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Field office in Baltimore, where Abrego arrived for his check in.
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They chanted, sang, and carried signs that read free Kilmar.
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Abrego arrived clutching his wife's hand and dressed in a
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pair of jeans and a collared black, gray and white shirt.
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Regardless of what happens to day with Ice, promise me this,
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he told the crowd in Spanish, that you will keep fighting, praying,
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believing in dignity and liberty. Not just for me, but
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for all. He entered the building, walking silently, his head
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down and eyes focused on the ground. Abrego's attorneys and
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his wife, Jennifer Vasquezzura, emerged less than an hour later
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without him and said he had been taken into immigration custody.
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People began to boo. We asked the ICE officer what
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the reason for his detention was. The ICE officer didn't answer,
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said Simon Sandoval Mochenburg, one of Abrago's immigration attorneys. The
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ICE officer stated that he'll be taken to a detention center.
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We asked the ICE officer which detention center. The ICE
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officers said that they weren't able to say. Ice attention
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records showed Abrago was transferred to a detention center in
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Virginia by Monday afternoon, and Zennis barred authorities from moving
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him from there for now to ensure he had access
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to his civil and criminal attorneys. President Donald Trump and
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his cabinets celebrated Abrago's attention and repeated their claims that
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he is a threat to society though he has no
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criminal convictions. Trump, asked by reporters about Abrago on Monday,
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called him an animal. Attorney General Pam Bondi said that
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Abrego would no longer terrorize our country. President Trump is
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not going to allow this illegal alien, who is an
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m S thirteen gang member, human trafficker, serial domestic abuser,
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and child predator, to terrorize American citizens any longer, Homeland
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Security Secretary Christy L. Nom wrote on social media, accusing
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Abrego of a host of crimes that have not been
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proved or in some cases charged in court. Abrago has
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not been charged with any child sex abuse offenses, and
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his lawyers and family have denied he is a gang member.
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In their new lawsuit filed Monday in U. S. District
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Court in Maryland, Abrego's lawyers ASSENTUS to block immigration authorities
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from deporting him to Uganda before he has exhausted his
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rights to challenge at removal under federal law, and should
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he be removed, to require that official's first attempt to
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deport him to Costa Rica. The attorneys also asked SIDUS
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to declare Abrago's attention un lawful and to release him
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from ice custody. The fact that they're holding Costa Rica
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as a carit and using Uganda as a stick to
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coerce him. Is such clear evidence that they're weaponizing the
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immigration system in a manner that is completely unconstitutional, send
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of all, Muchemburg said at Monday's rally, adding later they're
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going to play games with his life. Abraco has requested
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an interview with the U s Citizenship and Immigration Services
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asylum officer, in which he is expected to detail his
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fears of being removed to Uganda. His lawyer said if
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he shows it is more likely than not that he
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could face persecution, his case could be referred to immigration
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court to determine whether he is eligible for protection from
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removal there. Federal law and the Convention against Torture prohibit
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deporting someone to a country if they have met this threshold,
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even if they have a serious criminal record. Abrego won
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protection from deportation to Alsalvore in twenty nineteen he feared
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persecution from gangs there because the administration paroled Abrego in
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the United States when it returned him to face trial
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in June. His lawyers say he is also eligible to
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apply for a green card through his wife, who is
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a US citizen, but that is a discretionary decision that
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the Trump administration is unlikely to approve. Late Monday, an
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immigration attorney for Abrego filed an emergency motion to reopen
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his case in immigration court and seek a stay of removal,
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a move that could alter his case dramatically. In the motion,
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attorney Benjamin OsO Rio wrote that Abrego is now eligible
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for asylum, based in part on the government's decision to
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unlawfully expel him to El Salvador, where he has said
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he was severely beaten while detained. Prosecutors in Abrago's criminal
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case in Tennessee allege he is an m S thirteen
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gang leader and prolific smuggler in a ring that illegally
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transport ordered thousands of undocumented workers across the country. His
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attorneys have called the prosecution vindictive and selective, arguing that
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the government charge of Brigo only to punish him for
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challenging his removal to Alsalvore. The judge has scheduled a
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trial for January. If Ice follows through on his threats
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to deport Abrago first, those charges would probably be dropped.
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In a court filing Monday, Robert E. MacGuire, acting US
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Attorney for the Middle District of Tennessee, balked at the
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claims from Abrego's lawyers that ICE's threat of possible deportation
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to Uganda was being used to coerce Abrego's guilty plea.
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McGuire said that plea negotiations began in mid July and
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continued up until last weekend, and that Abrego's attorneys had
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made deportation to a Spanish speaking third country like Mexico,
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a condition of any decision to plead guilty. From the start.
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MacGuire said the U. S Government obtained assurances that Costa
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Rica was willing to accept Obrego just forty eight hours
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before Abraco's legal team first ladged his allegations that he
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was being pressured to accept a plea deal or face
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deportation to Uganda. These negotiations were not preliminary, McGuire wrote,
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they were almost concluded and nearly resolved this case. Aaron
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Cox contributed to this report. Next is an Ittoman titled
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Tuition Leaps for Undocumented Texas Students deal with do OJ
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led to policy reversal, officials now pressing more states by
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Molly Hennessy Fiske and Jeremy Roebuck from Houston. Tens of
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thousands of undocumented students at public universities and community colleges
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in Texas are facing uncertainty and astronomically higher bills as
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fall after the Trump administration and state officials struck a
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deal to deny them in state tuition. The Justice Department
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is seeking to end tuition breaks in several other states
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for students who are residents there but do not have
23:06
legal status. Texas had long extended the discounted rates to
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undocumented students living within its borders, the first in the country. Measure,
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passed in two thousand and one with broad bipartisan support,
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endured even as the state's leadership turned deeply read. If
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you say that we should not educate children who come
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into our state for no other reason than that they've
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been brought there through no fault of their own, I
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don't think you have a heart, declared Rick Perry, then
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Texas's governor and a presidential candidate. A decade after signing
23:42
the Texas Dream Act into law. Then came a Justice
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Department lawsuit this summer, with attorneys arguing that federal law
23:50
preempts in state tuition for undocumented students as long as
23:54
any US citizen is required to pay out of state rates.
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The case was settled within six hours and before any
24:02
affected students had a chance to weigh in. Critics accused
24:06
the two sides of being in legal cahoots. Under federal law,
24:10
schools cannot provide benefits to illegal aliens that they do
24:14
not provide to US citizens. US Attorney General Pam Bondi
24:17
said in announcing the complaint, the Justice Department will relentlessly
24:22
fight to vindicate federal law and ensure that U. S
24:25
citizens are not treated like second class citizens anywhere in
24:29
the country. The administration later filed separate lawsuits on the
24:33
same issue against Kentucky, Minnesota, and Oklahoma. Currently, twenty three
24:38
states and the District of Columbia have laws or policies
24:42
that grant in state tuition to undocumented students. Immigration advocates
24:47
have pushed back, saying that of course accept the Department's arguments,
24:52
scores of undocumented students at public universities across the country
24:56
could see their tuition rates rise by tens of thousands
25:00
of dollars annually. Students who are paying out of their
25:04
own pocket or receiving scholarships or financial aid may not
25:08
be able to continue their education see friend Levarees, an
25:12
attorney with a national Immigration Law center, tuition could triple overnight,
25:18
making it prohibitably expensive to continue their education. Out of
25:23
state students enrolled at the University of Kentucky, for example,
25:26
pay more than double the roughly fourteen thousand dollars that
25:30
in state students are charged per semester. At the University
25:34
of Texas Flagship campus in Austin, in state tuition for
25:38
undergraduates ranges upward of thirteen thousand, five hundred dollars for
25:42
the coming academic year. The cost to out of state
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students can exceed forty six thousand dollars. Days before classes
25:51
were to start, some schools in Texas had not notified
25:54
students about whether or why they no longer qualified for
25:58
in state fees, and some schools say lawyers for immigrant
26:02
advocacy groups seem to be illegally blocking students covered by
26:07
the federal Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program from receiving
26:11
in state tuition, despite attorneys for the state acknowledging in
26:15
court filings that Texas considers DHAKA students lawfully present in
26:20
the US and still eligible for the lower fees. There's
26:25
just so much uncertainty about my future, said Oscar Silva,
26:29
twenty four, a Dallas area student whose family brought him
26:32
to Texas from Mexico as a year old infant. He
26:35
has been enrolled in a joint undergraduate and master's accounting
26:39
program at the University of North Texas, made possible in
26:43
large part because of lower in state fees, and hope
26:46
to start fall classes despite so much still up in
26:50
the air. Silva is part of a group seeking to
26:53
overturn the June agreement between the Justice Department and Texas
26:57
Attorney General Ken Paxton, which led to the state its
27:00
Dream Act being declared unconstitutional. The federal judge who signed
27:04
off on the agreement ruled against Silva and the others
27:07
on August fifteenth, saying that they did not have standing
27:10
to defend the state law and that their action was
27:13
filed too late. They are appealing. Barring undocumented students from
27:18
receiving in state tuition also comes with costs to the states.
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Advocates say Texas stands to see more than four hundred
27:26
sixty one million dollars in economic activity annually, including lost
27:31
wages and diminished spending power from young people, for whom
27:35
a college education is no longer affordable. The court settlement
27:39
triggered accusations of collusion given its timing and circumstance, especially
27:44
since efforts in the Republican controlled legislature to overturn the
27:48
Dream Act failed earlier in the year. Two days after
27:52
the lawmaker's regular session ended in June, the Justice Department
27:56
filed its legal challenge. The department chose court in which
28:00
it off falls, a North Texas city where only one judge,
28:04
Ried O'Connor, hears all federal cases. O'Connor has reliably ruled
28:09
in recent years in favor of GOP causes. Paxton, a
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Trump ally aiming to unseat US Senator John Cornyn in
28:17
next year's Republican primary, told the court his office would
28:21
not defend the law. O'Connor signed off on the resolution
28:24
that same afternoon. Lawyers for the parties that are appealing
28:28
say those actions circumvented the spirit of both the democratic
28:32
and judicial processes. This was not an adversarial case, wrote Andreskrea,
28:38
a lawyer who is working alongside groups like the Texas
28:41
Civil Rights Project, National Immigration Law Center, Democracy Forward Foundation,
28:46
and American Civil Liberties Union. It was legal choreography. Several
28:52
Texas GOP leaders crowed over how quickly they'd been able
28:55
to kill a decade's old statute affecting at least fifty
28:59
seven thousand students, and a day after the settlement was approved,
29:04
a top Justice official was recorded telling a room of
29:07
Republican lawyers that the department had coordinated with Packson's office
29:11
before filing the case. Because we were able to have
29:14
that line of communication and talk in advance a statute
29:18
that has been a problem for the state for twenty
29:20
four years. We got rid of it in six hours,
29:23
Deputy Associated Attorney General abishak combly said while speaking at
29:27
an event for the Republican Attorney's General Association. His remarks
29:31
were first reported by NBC News. The Justice Department appears
29:37
to be following the same playbook in Oklahoma, where this
29:40
month it sued to overturn that state's decades old law
29:43
granting in state tuition rates to undocumented students. Oklahoma Attorney
29:48
General Gentner Drummond, Republican, acknowledged working with Laurie's A Justice
29:53
for months on that challenge. As in Texas, both sides
29:57
proposed a settlements striking down the law within hours of
30:00
the filing that now awaits final approval from a judge.
30:05
Similar suits that the Justice Department has filed in Kentucky,
30:09
a red state led by a democratic governor, and deeply
30:12
blue Minnesota have met with more resistance from local officials.
30:17
Thomas Sains, President and General counsel at the Mexican American
30:21
Legal Defense and Education Fund, which has filed its own appeal,
30:25
suggested that administration lawyers are pushing the boundaries of their
30:28
legal strategy, trying to test different elements of it. They
30:32
also may be attempting to elicit different rulings from circuit
30:36
courts in red and blue states, he explained, with a
30:39
goal of ultimately pushing the Supreme Court to take up
30:42
the issue. But obviously it's about scaring people, making life
30:47
more difficult for people, said Saints, who noted the ongoing
30:51
confusion in Texas over which students are barred from receiving
30:54
in state tuition and which qualify because they are lawfully
30:58
present through DAKA, that federal program protects individuals brought to
31:03
this country as children without legal status, without providing specific guidance,
31:09
The Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board instructed universities and community
31:14
colleges to identify undocumented students who had been paying in
31:18
state tuition and to convert them to out of state
31:21
students for the fall semester. You have institutions of higher
31:25
learning that are being asked by the state to be
31:28
emigration officers, said Gaby Pacheco, president of the Dream dot US,
31:34
a national advocacy group for undocumented students. There is a
31:38
lot of fear of the retaliation of what can happen.
31:41
These institutions get a lot of money, not only from
31:44
the federal government but from the state. More than two
31:48
hundred students and educators reported facing barriers on in state
31:52
tuition and even class registration during recent webinars with lawyers
31:56
from the Texas Immigration Law Council. I signed up up
32:00
for my classes back in the spring, and now total
32:02
tuition doubled, and the Financial Aid Office and Business Office
32:06
only said it was because of the law changes, a
32:09
self identified DACA student wrote. According to Christner Etter, the
32:14
Council's director of Policy and Legal Services, schools have been
32:17
left holding the bag to scramble and figure out who
32:20
is lawfully present. While the Texas A and M system
32:24
was using a state public safety checklist for example, the
32:27
University of Texas system opted for a questionnaire, she said,
32:30
asking are you a permanent resident of the United States?
32:34
Are you a foreign national here with a visa? A refugee?
32:38
Assi Lee. This is not going to capture the universe
32:42
of people who have lawful presents at or said. The
32:45
Washington Post contacted officials at more than half a dozen
32:49
university campuses, systems and community colleges with questions about how
32:54
they were notifying students whose eligibility might be affected. Each
32:59
said student were being asked to provide documentation to prove
33:02
they were lawfully in Texas. Our priority and focus are
33:06
on minimizing disruption to student success consistent with applicable law,
33:11
and helping students navigate this transition with clarity and care.
33:16
The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley responded, with so
33:20
much shifting some students are slowing or suspending their studies.
33:25
They spoke on the condition of anonymity because of concerns
33:28
about their immigration status. A twenty one year old pre
33:31
law senior at the University of Texas at Austin, who
33:35
came from Mexico with her parents when she was nine
33:37
and is still undocumented, has just three classes left for
33:41
her degree, but when she contacted the Financial aid office,
33:45
she said she received an affidavit to complete about her
33:48
status and was told she had to pay out of
33:51
state tuition that increased her semester charge to twenty one
33:55
thousand dollars from five thousand dollars, a daunting amount since
33:59
she can't work legally or qualify for a private loan.
34:03
On the eve of classes starting, donors came forward to
34:07
cover seventeen thousand dollars of her bill. I'm able to
34:10
finish and graduate, she said Thursday. I know not a
34:14
lot of students are as lucky to receive this kind
34:16
of support. At Texas A and m at San Antonio,
34:20
another undocumented senior who came from Mexico when she was
34:23
nine months old, got hit with tuition costs four to
34:27
five times higher. It's an increase her scholarship can't cover
34:31
for what she expected would be her final semester for
34:34
her undergraduate degree in psychology. I'm so close to the
34:38
finish line to graduating, the twenty six year old said,
34:41
I have major plans continuing school. I really want to
34:45
go for my master's Now I don't even know if
34:48
That's possible. Next is an item entitled Edicts take aim
34:54
at Flag burning. Bail policy issues are important to Trump's
34:58
base but may face legal challenges. By Emily Davies and
35:03
Jenny Gathwright. President Donald Trump moved on two issues important
35:08
to his conservative base Monday, signing executive orders aimed at
35:12
ending cashless bail across the country and pushing courts to
35:16
reconsider the legality of burning the American flag. Under cashless bail,
35:22
judges may release people accused of crimes without requiring monetary payment.
35:27
Such releases are often accompanied by conditions such as electronic monitoring,
35:32
and are rarely granted in cases involving the most violent offenses.
35:37
One order from Trump directs his staff to withhold federal
35:41
funding from states and local jurisdictions that have removed money
35:45
from the bail process. He sees such policies as overly lenient,
35:49
Proponents say they are central to ensuring equitable treatment for
35:53
people charged with crimes who lack resources. The executive orders,
35:58
unveiled Monday morning in a two hour meeting in the
36:01
Oval Office, reflect Trump's focus on law and order, a
36:04
politically powerful issue with his base that he is harnessed
36:08
to build support for his vision of the country. It
36:11
was unclear what the practical effect of the order would be,
36:15
as the affected jurisdictions scrambled to square the law with
36:18
the text of the decrees and determine their willingness to comply.
36:23
The tactic of wielding federal funds as a lever for
36:26
exacting change is a hallmark of the Trump administration. In
36:30
the past eight months, the White House has withheld federal
36:33
funding in an effort to overhaul higher education and force
36:37
an end to quote sanctuary cities, a strategy that has
36:41
drawn sharp legal rebuke. To me, these are a very,
36:45
very big deal, Trump said of the Monday executive orders.
36:50
The United States does not have a single bail system.
36:54
A patchwork of state laws and local court rules regulate
36:57
who is eligible for pre trial release and when. Under
37:01
the Constitution, people charged with crimes are presumed innocent. Specific
37:07
laws determined to what extent a person's liberty can be
37:10
restricted before trial. An analysis of bail and crime trends
37:15
in thirty three cities across the country by the left
37:18
leaning Brennan Center's Justice Program found no statistically significant relationship
37:23
between the two. If you are looking for a lever
37:26
to reduce crime nationally, said Eames Greyward, senior counsel in
37:30
the Senate's Justice Program. Bail reform is not a lever.
37:34
I would pull. Trump's order on flag burning directs his
37:38
administration to prosecute people who quote desecrate the American flag
37:44
and to detain and remove emigrants who have been accused
37:47
of such behavior. The Supreme Court in nineteen eighty nine
37:52
issued a five to four ruling that found burning the
37:54
American flag is protected by the First Amendment, but Trump,
37:58
in the executive order, asked Attorney General Pam Bondy to
38:02
find a case that could challenge that ruling. The majority
38:06
of the current justices are significantly more conservative than the
38:09
court was then. A White House official on Monday cited
38:13
images of flag burning alongside violent acts from recent protests,
38:18
as a justification for the order. Trump, a president particularly
38:22
attuned to imagery, took great issue with pictures of demonstrators
38:27
in Los Angeles waving Mexican flags and burning the American
38:30
flag during protests of ice immigration and customs enforcement this summer.
38:36
Robert korn Revere, chief counsel of the Foundation for Individual
38:40
Rights and Expression or Fire, condemned the executive order as
38:44
a violation in the First Amendment. You don't have to
38:48
like flag burning, he said in a statement. You can
38:51
condemn it, debate it, or hoist your own flag even higher.
38:55
The beauty of free speech is that you get to
38:57
express your opinions, even as don't like what you have
39:01
to say. Also Monday, Trump signed two executive orders focused
39:07
specifically on d C, where his administration is exerting unprecedented
39:12
federal control. His order told law enforcement officials to pursue
39:17
pre trialed attention whenever possible and withhold money and federal
39:21
services if the city continues to allow defendants to be
39:25
released without posting bail. He also called on the US
39:28
Park Police, a federal agency, and the U. S. Attorney's Office,
39:32
a federal prosecutor, to hire more staff to focus on
39:36
public safety in Washington. Washington was the most dangerous place
39:40
in this country, Trump told reporters, referring to his decision
39:44
to federalize the police department and deploy National Guard troops
39:47
to the district. And now you know what, it's probably
39:50
the safest place in our country. One of the executive
39:54
orders said the Trump administration could withhold federal approvals as
39:58
leverage to compel dCas leadership to reinstate cash bail. The
40:03
RFK Stadium site, a crowning achievement of DC Mayor Muriel E.
40:07
Bowser's Democrats third term, requires further agreements between the city
40:12
and federal government to move forward. The district has banned
40:16
cash bond since the nineteen nineties and has since released
40:19
defendants without requiring any future promise of financial payment. Bowser
40:25
said at a news conference Monday that cash bail is
40:28
not a new phenomenon in the district, and touted changes
40:31
to the law made in twenty twenty three and twenty
40:34
twenty four that expanded pre trial detention for people accused
40:38
of violent crimes, calling the revisions among the chief reasons
40:42
for the city's decline in shootings and homicides during the
40:45
past two years. During fiscal twenty twenty four, the most
40:50
recent year for which data is available, d c's Pre
40:53
Trial Services Agency reported that eighty seven percent of defendants
40:57
were released pre trial. Nine percent of those released did
41:01
not go on to be re arrested, a higher rate
41:04
than the national average, which was eighty seven percent. A
41:08
recent analysis by DC's Criminal Justice Coordinating Council examined rearrest
41:13
rates for people accused of violent or dangerous crimes. It
41:17
found that between August twenty twenty four and January, three
41:22
percent of those defendants, seven people were re arrested while
41:26
on pre trial release. None of those rearrests were for
41:29
crimes categorized as violent or dangerous, the report found. Katie
41:35
Metler contributed to this report. Our next itemis entitled turning
41:40
up pressure on FED. Trump says he'll fire board member
41:45
by Andrew Ackerman and Rachel Siegel. Federal Reserved Governor Lisa
41:50
Cook disputed President Donald Trump's authority to fire her and
41:54
said she wouldn't resign after Trump moved to oust her
41:58
over unproven allegations of mortgange as he ratcheted up efforts
42:02
to bend the Central Bank to his will. In a
42:06
letter to Cook he posted on social media late Monday,
42:09
Trump said he would seek to fire her immediately, citing
42:12
his authority to remove FED governors for cause meaning malfeasan's
42:17
or some form of dereliction of duty. The Trump administration
42:20
has accused Cook of committing fraud in twenty twenty one
42:24
while seeking mortgages on two properties on a home in
42:27
Michigan and a condominium in Atlanta, by describing them both
42:31
as her primary residence. Through a spokeswoman, Cook said in
42:35
a statement late Monday, President Trump purported to fire me
42:39
for cause when no cause exists under the law and
42:42
he has no authority to do so. A spokeswoman confirmed
42:46
that Cook had hired an outside attorney. I will continue
42:50
to carry out my duties to help the American economy,
42:53
as I have been doing since twenty twenty two. The
42:55
statement added she had previously declined to comment on the allegation,
43:00
which stem from mortgages she obtained before joining the FED
43:03
about three years ago. She is a first black woman
43:06
to serve on the seven member FED board. The Central
43:10
Bank is set up to operate independently of the White House.
43:14
Abby Loll, Cook's attorney said Trump's demands lack any proper process,
43:19
basis or legal authority. We will take whatever actions are
43:22
needed to prevent his attempted illegal action. The FED said
43:26
it had no immediate comment following Trump's letter and Cook's response.
43:31
Asian stock markets closed slightly down on Tuesday, and major
43:35
European indexes were trading lower in their mourning the firing.
43:40
If successful, could give Trump a majority of allies on
43:43
the FED board and allow him to fulfill his goal
43:47
of louring interest rates, even as the Supreme Court has
43:50
pushed back on his attempts to exert direct control over
43:53
the independent and powerful body. The President is using the
43:57
criminal justice system to remove people from office over policy disagreements,
44:02
said Michael Strain of the Conservative American Enterprise Institute. That
44:07
is extremely dangerous and is, in the case of the FED,
44:10
a threat to long term prosperity. Trump has spent months
44:15
pressing the chair of the FED, Jerome H. Powell, to
44:18
lower interest rates, mocking him with a nickname too Late,
44:22
and raising the prospect that he could try to remove Powell.
44:25
He has so far been talked out of firing Powell
44:28
by advisers who have argued it would be too disruptive
44:31
to financial markets. Powell's term is FED chair ends in May,
44:35
but he will remain a board member until January twenty
44:38
twenty eight. The Fed's credibility depends on its independence from
44:43
political pressure, and investors believes that the central bank will
44:47
raise rates if necessary to keep inflation in check. But
44:51
Trump has said he wants a FED chief who is
44:54
willing to cut interest rates sharply to juice the economy
44:57
in the short term and to ease the cost to
45:00
financing rising deficits, saying rates should be two or three
45:04
percentage points lower than their current levels. The President has
45:08
made no secret of the fact that this has nothing
45:10
to do with Lisa Cook's mortgage applications, said Peter Conti Brown,
45:15
a FED historian at the University of Pennsylvania. This is
45:19
the escalation of a prolonged and ongoing assault on the
45:22
Fed's legitimacy and the Fed's independence. It's for one purpose,
45:27
and one purpose alone, to bully the FED to dramatically
45:31
lower interest rates. No president has previously sought to oust
45:35
a sitting FED governor, and the move could backfire. While
45:39
the FED is already gravitating toward reducing its short term
45:43
benchmark rate as early as next month, a messy fight
45:47
over the central bank leadership could prompt investors to demand
45:51
higher interest rates on long term instruments to compensate for
45:54
the higher risk of inflation, effectively making mortgages and other
45:58
loans more expensive for households and businesses. In a statement,
46:03
Senator Elizabeth Warren, Democrat from Massachusetts, the top Democrat on
46:08
the Senate Banking Committee, called the move an authoritarian paragrab
46:13
that blatantly violates the Federal Reserve Act and must be
46:16
overturned in court. A spokesman for Senator Tim Scott, Republican
46:21
from South Carolina, who heads the Banking Panel, did not
46:25
respond to a request for comment. In targeting Cook, Trump
46:29
appears to be looking to open more vacancies on the
46:32
FED Board, accelerating the point at which Trumpeline governors could
46:36
hold a majority. An earlier than expected vacancy arose this
46:40
month when one of the governors, Adriana Kugler, announced her resignation.
46:45
Trump said he was very happy about the opening, and
46:48
quickly appointed Stephen Moran, the head of the White House's
46:51
Council of Economic Advisors, as a replacement until the end
46:55
of January, when Cougler's term had been set to expire.
47:00
Cook is replaced and Merit is confirmed in the coming weeks,
47:03
it would hand Trump a likely majority of governors calling
47:07
for cuts to interest rates. Already, two of Trump's Fed
47:10
Board appointees from his first term have called for lower
47:13
interest rates. Firing Cook would also make it easier for
47:18
Trump to install more administration friendly heads of the twelve
47:22
regional FED banks who serve on the committee that sets
47:25
interest rates. In February, all Fed Bank presidents will be
47:28
up for renewal, which a majority of the board would
47:31
have to approve. The Trump administration has increasingly leaned on
47:36
personal mortgage data to investigate and now fire its political adversaries.
47:42
Earlier this year, the Justice Department received a criminal referral
47:45
over real estate records from New York Attorney General Letitia James,
47:49
who has found multiple lawsuits against both Trump administrations. In July,
47:54
Trump publicly accused Senator Adam Schiff, Democrat from California, who
47:59
led in Pea eachmun proceedings against Trump as a House member,
48:02
of mortgage fraud. The result, legal experts say, is an
48:07
escalation in the way Trump officials seek to penalize, remove,
48:11
or even jail adversaries, and it reflects a remarkable influence
48:16
of Bill Poulty, the head of a relatively small part
48:19
of the government that oversees two mortgage finance companies that
48:23
backstop much of the multi trillion dollar mortgage market. Poulty
48:27
was the first to accuse Cook of mortgage fraud, and
48:29
he continued those attacks of non stop over the past week.
48:33
Trump quickly escalated those accusations, first calling on Cook to resign,
48:38
then threatening her termination, and eventfully saying he is firing her.
48:43
In an interview with Bloomberg Television last week, Poulti said
48:47
his office received a tip about Cook, but declined to
48:50
elaborate further. Dicob Boggage contributed to this report and the
48:56
final item from today's from page is entitled AI a
49:00
private school comes to Virginia For sixty five thousand dollars
49:04
a year, teacherless institution's pupils study for two hours, then
49:08
turned to life skills. By Karina Elwood, the pitch by
49:13
Alpha School is as innovative as it is sensational. For
49:17
sixty five thousand dollars a year, students study for just
49:21
two hours a day using adaptive apps and personalized lesson plans,
49:25
and spend their afternoons on life skills such as learning
49:29
to ride a bike or financial literacy. Instead of teachers,
49:33
the students have guides the AI driven school, which is
49:37
coming to northern Virginia this fall and plans to enroll
49:40
up to twenty five students in grades K through three
49:43
at a campus near Dulles International Airport sits at the
49:46
intersection of two growing spaces in education, alternative schooling and
49:51
an explosion of online learning platforms used in nearly every
49:55
corner of the education sphere, from public school classrooms to
49:59
at home ste supplement work. What we realize is that
50:02
kids do not need to sit in class all day
50:05
doing academics, said Mackenzie Price, co founder of Alpha School,
50:09
which with three campuses across the country, has become a
50:13
very public piece of the push to incorporate more AI
50:16
learning in schools. Some of the online learning platforms, like
50:20
the model at Alpha, promote individualized instruction that meets each
50:24
student where they are, regardless of grade level or classroom curriculum.
50:29
Others fully embrace generative artificial intelligence with chatbots and tutors
50:34
to assist children in their learning. It is a hard
50:37
turn from traditional education models of specific subjects, class periods, teachers,
50:43
and homework. Price, who uses the online handle Future of Education,
50:48
has a mass more than nine hundred thousand followers on Instagram,
50:52
makes videos about the failures of traditional education and promotes
50:56
her company as the shining solution. Prices Operate is also
51:00
well connected, backed by Texas based tech billionaire and drawing
51:05
support from other billionaires and politicians across the country. Earlier
51:10
this year, Price said she met with Michael Kratzio's director
51:13
of the White House's Office of Science and Technology Policy,
51:17
to demonstrate the Alpha School. The Trump administration has promoted
51:21
the use of AI in federal government and beyond. In April,
51:25
President Donald Trump signed in executive order creating a policy
51:29
to Integrate Artificial Intelligence INDICAY through twelve. Education. Victor Lee,
51:35
an associate professor at Stanford University's Graduate School of Education,
51:39
said that while schools across the country are experimenting with AI,
51:43
there are large gaps in research on whether it is successful.
51:47
That leaves many questions about the ability to broaden the models.
51:51
He said. Alpha is a private school which tends to
51:54
attract families with financial resources, highly educated, and providing lots
51:59
of enrichment. Lee said, so when we try to generalize
52:03
or extend what we've learned from this to schools writ large,
52:06
there are some important differences to note, and so how
52:10
much of this is kind of the distinctive curation of
52:13
students versus the design structure of the school. Price is
52:17
also a staunch supporter of the school choice movement. Since
52:21
twenty twenty three, she's donated more than two million dollars
52:24
to Republican candidates and political action committees that support alternative
52:29
options to traditional public schools, including one million dollars to
52:33
Virginia Governor Glenn Youngkin, a Republican. Two years ago. Price
52:38
has ventured into the charter school space, trying to bring
52:41
the Alpha model into six states in twenty twenty four.
52:45
Only one state, Arizona, approved it. Another state board said
52:49
the school's learning model was untested. There's a lot of
52:53
hesitation around what does AI look like and what is
52:57
this type of thing? And just because this worked so
53:00
well in a private school model, will it work for
53:02
the average and is it okay to have government funds
53:05
doing that? Price said, that's not up to me, that's
53:09
up to the states. In the meantime, she said she's
53:13
focused on growing the company's for profit schools. Last year,
53:17
Alpha School served about three hundred students across three campuses
53:21
in Austin and Brownsville in Texas and Miami, and its
53:24
learning model is also being used in other micro schools
53:27
in Texas. Tuition at the schools ferries by campus, ranging
53:31
from fifteen thousand dollars to sixty five thousand dollars a year.
53:36
The New Virginia school is one of twelve Alpha campuses
53:39
from New York to California being added to the roster.
53:43
The company recently agreed to acquire assets from Higher Ground Education,
53:47
parent company of Guidepost Montessori, paving the way to use
53:51
some of its buildings for Alpha schools, including at a
53:55
building in Chantilly, Virginia. On social media and in brochures,
54:00
Price touts the success of the existing campuses, saying test
54:03
scores back that up. But critics are quick to suggest
54:07
that the success of the model works for the self
54:09
selected group of students super highly motivated students, They actually
54:15
are more actively seeking out more challenging materials to learn,
54:19
so this kind of opportunities provided by AI platforms does
54:23
accelerate their learning, said Ying Zu, an assistant professor at
54:27
Harvard's Graduate School of Education. But for students who are
54:31
less motivated, what we have seen is that AI might
54:34
actually present as a short cut for their learning. How
54:38
it works. On a recent morning in July, about a
54:41
dozen children sat in front of iPads with black headphones
54:45
pressed over their ears, clicking through questions on an app
54:49
which picture matches the color red. A kindergarten level question
54:52
asked choose the number that you hear another prompted on
54:56
the screen. Since a coronavirus pandemic, about ninety percent of
55:01
public schools report having laptops or tablet devices for every student,
55:06
an ongoing shift that was expedited by pandemic Virtual learning.
55:10
A twenty twenty four plan from the US Department of
55:13
Education wrote that because school systems deployed so much technology
55:18
on an emergency basis without the benefit of thoughtful planning,
55:21
change management, or in the service of shared goals, many
55:25
school systems are struggling to make the most of these
55:27
new technologies. In recent years, some parents have called for
55:32
less screen time in class rooms, particularly for younger grades.
55:37
As the students played on the app last month, a
55:39
class room guide using a chipper teacher voice stopped them
55:43
every ten to fifteen minutes, gathering the group together for
55:46
a brain break. A YouTube video was projected onto a screen,
55:50
directing students to shake and jump for a bit before
55:53
they went back to their iPads. The exercise in Virginia
55:56
was part of a shadow Day, an opportunity for families
56:00
interested in Alpha School to send their children for a
56:02
test run of a typical day at the school. The
56:05
event was held at a hotel conference room at Dulles.
56:09
Price said the shadow days also offer Alpha staff members
56:13
a chance to see if children have the motivation and
56:16
attention span to excel in the school's environment. What we're
56:20
looking for with these students is coachability, right, Price said,
56:24
and are they interested and excited about what they're doing.
56:28
While the pitch of Alpha School is that all the
56:30
learning happens with the help of an AI tutor, the
56:33
curriculum is not generated by artificial intelligence and students do
56:38
not use chatbots, Price said. Instead, Alpha uses adaptive learning
56:43
platforms such as IXL, which offers instructional resources and data
56:48
analytics services for individuals and school districts. Ixl's website says
56:53
about one enforced students nationwide use a platform. Many in
56:57
public school classrooms. The Alpha School software uses diagnostics and
57:02
machine learning to personalize lessons for students. Price said. The
57:06
school also uses artificial intelligence to monitor how intently students
57:11
are working on their computers, recording screen activity and monitoring keystrokes.
57:17
If a student isn't taking the time to read lessons,
57:20
flying through prompts, or not paying attention to the computer.
57:23
A coaching tool will remind them to slow down and refocus,
57:28
Price says. Analysis by Alpha shows students using the school's
57:31
model learn twice as much as students in traditional classrooms
57:35
and are performing in the top one percent around the country.
57:39
She said the school uses assessments from NWEA to measure
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a student's level and grow throughout the year, then compares
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it to test results of students in public, private, and
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home schools across the country. The use of the Alpha technology,
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she said, means of school's guides can spend the rest
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of the day helping students build other skills and explore
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their passions in workshops. This concludes the reading of The
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Washington Post for to Day, Tuesday, August twenty sixth, twenty
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twenty five. Your reader for to Day has been Sidney Fraser.
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If you have any questions, comments, or suggestions concerning this program,
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please feel free to call us at eight five nine
58:20
four two two six three nine zero. Thank you for listening,
58:23
and now please stay tuned for continued programming on Radio
58:27
I