Latest / Reformed Thinking / Dead to Sin, Alive to God: Union with Christ and the Shape of Sanctification (Romans 6)
Transcript
- 0:00Welcome to reformed thinking, we're your hosts for this deep
- 0:02dive into the sources. Glad.
- 0:04To be here. Today we're jumping right into a
- 0:06really pivotal section of Paul's letter to the Romans, chapter 6.
- 0:10We've just come off chapter 5 where Paul makes this huge
- 0:12statement where sin increased, grace abounded all the more.
- 0:16Which sounds amazing, but it immediately raises a massive
- 0:19question, doesn't it? A potential problem Paul
- 0:21absolutely has to deal with. Right.
- 0:23If God's grace just keeps pouring out more and more of the
- 0:25worse we sin, then, well, why not keep sinning so we get more
- 0:29grace? It's the issue of antinomianism,
- 0:31basically using grace as an excuse to ignore God's law.
- 0:35It's a logical conclusion someone might draw, even if it's
- 0:38the wrong one. And Paul anticipates this.
- 0:40He knows his gospel of free grace is going to hit this
- 0:43objection. So our task today, looking at
- 0:46the source material we've got, is to unpack how Paul dismantles
- 0:49that objection. We want to see how he lays out a
- 0:51framework for holy living that shows grace doesn't ignore sin,
- 0:55it actually dethrones it. And the core idea, the structure
- 0:59Paul uses throughout this chapter, is this movement from
- 1:03the indicative, what God has already done for us in Christ,
- 1:07to the imperative, what we are now called to do because of
- 1:10that. That sequence is crucial.
- 1:12You get that wrong and the whole argument falls apart.
- 1:14Leading either to legalism or, well, the antinomianism Paul's
- 1:19fighting against. Getting that order right is, you
- 1:22could say, a hallmark of Reformed ethics.
- 1:24So Paul knows this objection is coming.
- 1:27Shall we go on sinning so that grace may increase?
- 1:30And how does he handle it? He doesn't just brush it off.
- 1:33No, he uses a specific rhetorical technique, something
- 1:36common in his day, the Greco Roman diatribe.
- 1:39OK. What does that involve?
- 1:40It's sort of like a staged argument.
- 1:42He brings up the opponent's viewpoint, voices the objection
- 1:45himself through this imaginary person, almost like he's having
- 1:48a dialogue in his own writing. So he puts the worst possible
- 1:51interpretation out there himself.
- 1:52He does. It shows he understands the
- 1:54thinking, but it also lets him set it up to knock it down
- 1:57decisively. It's actually quite pastoral in
- 1:59a way. He's not dismissing the
- 2:01struggle, but he is demolishing the conclusion.
- 2:03And his immediate answer is pretty blunt, isn't it?
- 2:06Oh, absolutely. He hits it with Mujah Noido,
- 2:09which translates to something like by no means or absolutely
- 2:12not, or even let it not be. It's strong.
- 2:14It's immediate. But just saying no isn't enough,
- 2:19is it? If you just follow that with a
- 2:21list of rules, don't do this, don't do that.
- 2:23Wouldn't that just be another form of legalism?
- 2:25Like he's just laying down the log in.
- 2:27That's a great point, and it highlights the brilliance of
- 2:30Paul's method. He doesn't immediately jump to
- 2:32commands. That would be putting the cart
- 2:34before the horse. So what does he do first?
- 2:37Before any imperatives, before telling believers what to do, he
- 2:40lays down the indicative. He establishes their new
- 2:43reality, their new status. There you could say their new
- 2:46ontology, who they are now in Christ, ah.
- 2:50So the facts come before the instructions, doctrine before
- 2:52duty. Precisely, he needs to educate
- 2:55the conscience first. The commands, when they come,
- 2:58arise from this new reality that God has established.
- 3:01You live wholly because of who you now are, not in order to
- 3:04become holy or stay saved. That makes sense.
- 3:06It fences off 2 big errors then. It does.
- 3:08On one side, it stops legalism, the idea that your obedience
- 3:12earns or keeps your standing with God.
- 3:14Your standing is already secured by Christ.
- 3:17And on the other side, it stops antinomianism, the idea that
- 3:20since you're saved by grace, how you live doesn't matter.
- 3:24Paul shows that grace isn't passive.
- 3:26It's an active, reigning reality that changes everything,
- 3:30including your behavior. So to make this case, Paul has
- 3:33to show that the believer isn't in the same place spiritually
- 3:35anymore. There's been a change of
- 3:37address, a realm transfer, right?
- 3:39He contrasts being under law with being under grace.
- 3:42Yes. And we need to understand what
- 3:45under law means here. It's not just about having
- 3:47rules. It signifies being under the
- 3:49laws in entire administration. It's covenantal structure where
- 3:53it reveals sin and condemns but gives no ability to obey.
- 3:56It's like getting a diagnosis but no medicine.
- 3:58A very good way to put it. The law points out the problem
- 4:01perfectly, but leaves you helpless under sins.
- 4:04Dominion bondage is certain in that realm.
- 4:06And under grace, that's the new realm.
- 4:08That's the transfer. Being under grace means being
- 4:11under the administration of the new covenant established by
- 4:14Christ's finished work. And grace, in Paul's usage here,
- 4:18isn't just niceness or forgiveness.
- 4:19It's an active ruling reality, a new sovereignty that liberates
- 4:24from the old one. So grace rules.
- 4:26It's not just a pardon. It is a ruling principle.
- 4:28It dethroned sin and enables obedience.
- 4:31It's a new administration with a new king.
- 4:33How does this transfer actually happen for the believer?
- 4:36What's the mechanism? Paul seems to ground it in our
- 4:39union with Christ. Union with Christ is absolutely
- 4:42central. It's the means by which God
- 4:44effects this realm change. This union brings about a
- 4:47decisive, once for all change in our identity and status.
- 4:51This is what theologians often called definitive
- 4:53sanctification. OK, definitive sanctification.
- 4:56And this leads Paul to talk about the old man being
- 4:58crucified. What exactly is the old man?
- 5:01Is it just my sinful nature or bad habits?
- 5:04It's more fundamental than that. The old man represents our
- 5:06entire former existence, our solidarity with Adam living
- 5:09under the reign of sin and death.
- 5:11It's who we were, corporately and individually, before Christ.
- 5:16And Paul says this old man was crucified.
- 5:20Past tense. Yes, the verb he uses
- 5:22sinisterthe means was crucified with him.
- 5:25It's in the aorist tense in Greek, indicating a completed
- 5:28past action. God did this.
- 5:30It's finished history. Our connection to that Adamic
- 5:33headship was decisively severed when Christ died.
- 5:37We don't have to try and kill the old man ourselves.
- 5:39No, the command isn't to crucify the old man.
- 5:41It's to recognize that God has crucified him in our union with
- 5:44Christ's death. It's a theological fact we're
- 5:46called to believe and live by. And this crucifixion, this death
- 5:50with Christ, has legal consequences, doesn't it?
- 5:52Paul uses some courtroom language.
- 5:54He does. He says the one who has died has
- 5:56been justified from sin. That word justified here likely
- 5:59means set free, vindicated or released from sins claim.
- 6:02It's a forensic declaration. Sins legal right to rule over us
- 6:06has been nullified because of the person under its claim.
- 6:08Our old self died with Christ. OK, legally freed.
- 6:12But then comes the big question everyone feels If the old man is
- 6:15dead and we're legally free, why does sin still feel so present,
- 6:19so active in my life? It doesn't feel like sin lost
- 6:22its grip sometimes. That's the tension, isn't it,
- 6:25between our legal standing and our daily experience.
- 6:28Paul addresses this by explaining the purpose of the
- 6:31old man's crucifixion. He says it happened so that the
- 6:34body of sin might be rendered powerless.
- 6:36Rendered powerless, the word is Qatar geetha.
- 6:40What does that mean? Does mean destroyed?
- 6:42It doesn't mean obliterated or annihilated.
- 6:44It means made ineffective, nullified, deprived of its
- 6:48authority or ability to function as ruler.
- 6:50Think of it like a king who's been overthrown.
- 6:53He might still be lurking around trying to cause trouble, but his
- 6:56official reign is over. His decrees have no legal
- 6:59standing. So sin's dominion is broken,
- 7:02even if its presence remains. That's the crucial distinction
- 7:05the sources bring out. Sin is a deposed tyrant.
- 7:08It can still tempt, harass, and influence us through the flesh,
- 7:12but it's legitimate authority. Its lordship has been
- 7:14definitively broken by God through Christ's death.
- 7:17So when I sit now, I'm not obeying the rightful ruler, I'm
- 7:20actually listening to a defeated rebel.
- 7:22That's right, you're believing a lie about who's really in
- 7:26charge. This understanding changes the
- 7:28fight. We're not fighting for freedom.
- 7:30We're fighting from a position of freedom already won.
- 7:33And Paul connects this new identity and freedom to baptism,
- 7:36doesn't he? Yes, he brings in baptism in
- 7:39verses 3 and 4, not necessarily to discuss the mechanics of how
- 7:42baptism saves, but for its symbolic weight, its rhetorical
- 7:46function. What's the connection he's
- 7:48making? Baptism functions as a public
- 7:50sign, a visible marker of this transfer.
- 7:53He's been talking about going down into the water, pictures
- 7:56death and burial with Christ coming up, pictures resurrection
- 7:59with him to a new life. So it's like a public
- 8:01declaration of allegiance. I belong to Christ.
- 8:04My old life connected to Adam is over.
- 8:06Precisely. It's a covenant sign that
- 8:08visually represents the reality of union with Christ's death and
- 8:11resurrection. Paul's point is, given that you
- 8:14have publicly identified with Christ in this way, how can you
- 8:17possibly go back to living under sins dominion?
- 8:20It would contradict your own confession.
- 8:22It makes continued sinning seem illogical, even hypocritical,
- 8:26based on the identity claimed in baptism.
- 8:29It does. The whole point of being united
- 8:31with Christ in his death and resurrection, signified in
- 8:33baptism, is so that we too might walk in newness of life.
- 8:39Newness of life, that word for newness, Kinosos.
- 8:42It means more than just recent, right?
- 8:43It's about quality. Yes.
- 8:44It's not just chronologically new, like a slightly updated
- 8:47version of the old life. It's qualitatively new.
- 8:51It's suggests participation in a whole new order of existence,
- 8:55the life of the new creation, the life of the resurrection
- 8:58age, which has already begun in Christ.
- 9:01So baptism points to this reality.
- 9:04We're supposed to live differently because we are
- 9:06different. We're part of something entirely
- 9:07new. That's the.
- 9:08Foundation, the indicative what God has done, who we are now
- 9:11sets the stage for the imperative how we are to live.
- 9:14OK, so we've established the indicative.
- 9:15We're transferred from law to grace, united with Christ, our
- 9:18old self is crucified, sins, dominion is broken, and this is
- 9:22signified in baptism, leading to newness of life.
- 9:26Now, how does Paul tell us to live this out?
- 9:29This brings us to the imperatives.
- 9:31Right, because God has done all this, there is a necessary
- 9:34response. Paul lays out a kind of rhythm,
- 9:37a three-step cadence for how we translate that definitive once
- 9:41for all sanctification into ongoing progressive
- 9:44sanctification. It's no reckon and present.
- 9:48No Reckon present. That sounds like a practical
- 9:50strategy. Let's break it down.
- 9:52Step one no. Paul keeps asking, do you not
- 9:54know? He emphasizes the need for
- 9:57understanding. This is about grasping the
- 9:59theological facts we just discussed.
- 10:01You need to know your identity in Christ.
- 10:03So it starts with the mind, with doctrine.
- 10:05It has to. You can't live according to a
- 10:07reality you don't understand or believe.
- 10:09This is about catechizing ourselves, constantly reminding
- 10:12ourselves of the facts. Our old self was crucified with
- 10:15Christ. We died to sin.
- 10:16We are alive to God in Christ Jesus.
- 10:19This. Isn't just abstract knowledge
- 10:20then, it's knowledge we need to keep bringing to mind.
- 10:23Definitely. It's the foundational truth we
- 10:25need to rehearse. We need to know that we share
- 10:27Christ's resurrection life. Right now.
- 10:29We're alive to God. If we forget this, we'll
- 10:32inevitably slip back into trying to earn God's favor or thinking
- 10:35grace doesn't matter for our behavior.
- 10:37We forget which Kingdom we belong to.
- 10:39OK, so Step 1 is no Get the facts straight about who you
- 10:44are, but knowledge alone sometimes feels passive.
- 10:48How does it become active in the face of temptation?
- 10:52That must be Step 2 reckon. This is where the rubber meets
- 10:55the road. The command is so you also must
- 10:58reckon yourselves dead to sin and alive to God in Christ
- 11:00Jesus. The word Lord jizom, I reckon is
- 11:04an accounting term. Accounting like doing sums.
- 11:06Sort of. It means to calculate, to
- 11:08credit, to an account, to consider as being the case.
- 11:11It's the arithmetic of faith. No wait, if I have to reckon
- 11:14myself dead to sin, does that mean it's not really true and
- 11:17I'm just trying to psych myself up?
- 11:18Like fake it till you make it. That's a common
- 11:20misunderstanding. But Paul isn't telling us to
- 11:23pretend. He's telling us to count as true
- 11:26what God has already declared to be true.
- 11:28Because of our union with Christ, the facts are
- 11:31established. Step one, no reckoning is the
- 11:34act of faith where we deliberately align our thinking,
- 11:37our choices, our responses with those divine facts, even when
- 11:40our feelings or circumstances seem to contradict them.
- 11:43So it's not making it true, but acting on the truth that's
- 11:46already established by God. That's it.
- 11:48My feelings might scream Sin still controls you, but faith
- 11:51does the calculation based on God's Word.
- 11:54No, God says I'm dead to sins reign and alive to him.
- 11:56I will operate on that basis. It's an ongoing, active, present
- 12:00tense command. Keep reckoning.
- 12:02Can you give an example? Let's say someone struggles
- 12:04with, I don't know, anger or impatience.
- 12:06How does reckoning work in that moment?
- 12:08OK, good question. When that surge of anger rises,
- 12:12the old man way of thinking says this is just who I am, I have to
- 12:15react this way. But reckoning interrupts that.
- 12:17It says, wait, I need to do the math here.
- 12:20My old self, the one defined by this pattern, was crucified with
- 12:23Christ. I am now alive to God.
- 12:26I belong to him. Therefore this anger doesn't
- 12:29define me and it doesn't have the final say.
- 12:31I am united to Christ who lives to God.
- 12:34So you constantly bring the truth of your new identity to
- 12:37bear on the specific situation. Yes, you deliberately count
- 12:40God's declaration as more real than the immediate impulse or
- 12:43feeling. It's answering the temptation
- 12:46not with willpower alone, but with gospel truth about your
- 12:49identity. I belong to a different realm,
- 12:51now under a different ruler. OK, that clarifies.
- 12:54Reckon know the facts, then actively count them as true in
- 12:57specific situations. What's the third step present?
- 13:00This moves from the internal calculation of faith to outward
- 13:03decisive action involving our bodies.
- 13:06The command is, do not present your members to sin as
- 13:09instruments for unrighteousness, but present yourselves to God as
- 13:12those who have been brought from death to life, and your members
- 13:15to God as instruments for righteousness.
- 13:17Present yourselves like offering something.
- 13:19Yes, the verb peristomy can mean to place beside, to offer, or to
- 13:24yield. It's often used in context of
- 13:27dedication or offering a sacrifice.
- 13:29Paul uses an Aoris imperative here for present yourselves,
- 13:33suggesting A decisive, wholehearted commitment like
- 13:36handing over the keys. Handing over what?
- 13:38What are the members? Our physical bodies and all
- 13:40their parts, eyes, ears, tongue, hands, feet, minds, desires,
- 13:44everything that we are and do in the physical world.
- 13:47Sin wants to use these members as its tools, its instruments.
- 13:51Paul Eve uses the word Hoplaw, which can mean weapons.
- 13:53Weapons. So this isn't passive
- 13:55retirement. Not at all.
- 13:56It's enlisting in the right army.
- 13:58Instead of letting sin use our body parts as weapons against
- 14:01God's purposes, we are to decisively offer ourselves and
- 14:04all our faculties to God to be used as weapons for
- 14:07righteousness for His Kingdom purposes.
- 14:09And the basis for this offering? Notice the ground we present
- 14:14ourselves as those who've been brought from death to life.
- 14:17It flows directly from the indicative because we're already
- 14:20alive with Christ's resurrection life.
- 14:22No reckon we now offer our whole selves back to God for His use
- 14:27present. It's the logical outcome.
- 14:29No reckon present. That's the flow.
- 14:31And underlying all this is a promise, right?
- 14:33Verse 14 feels like bedrock. Absolutely.
- 14:35Romans 6.14 is the guarantee, for sin will have no dominion
- 14:39over you, since you are not under law but under grace.
- 14:42That future tense will have no dominion or cure, you say is a
- 14:45firm promise. So the struggle is real, but the
- 14:48outcome is certain. That's the assurance, because we
- 14:51are under grace, under God's active, liberating rule, sins,
- 14:55ultimate mastery is impossible. We fight, yes, but we fight
- 15:00knowing the war has already been won by Christ.
- 15:02Our perseverance isn't based on our strength, but on the reality
- 15:05of being under grace. OK, so Paul has established
- 15:09freedom from sins dominion, but he then seems to circle back to
- 15:13the idea of slavery, which sounds odd.
- 15:15Why talk about being slaves again?
- 15:17He uses the slavery metaphor again to make a critical point.
- 15:21Freedom from sin isn't freedom to do whatever we want.
- 15:24It's not autonomy. It's actually a transfer of
- 15:27allegiance, a change of masters. So we're free from one master
- 15:30sin, only to become servants to another.
- 15:32That's how Paul puts it. We've been set free from sin and
- 15:34have become slaves of righteousness or slaves of God.
- 15:37For Paul, true liberty is found in willing service to the right
- 15:41master. Before Christ, our supposed
- 15:42freedom was really just slavery to sin leading to death.
- 15:45Right. We were free in regard to
- 15:47righteousness, which sounds good, but it meant we were
- 15:50utterly incapable of it. Now under grace, we are enslaved
- 15:53to righteousness, which leads to sanctification and life.
- 15:57It's a beneficial life giving service.
- 15:59And this service involves obedience, but not just external
- 16:02rule following. He mentions obedience from the
- 16:05heart. Cardias and obedience to what,
- 16:10to the pattern of teaching typos tolls Didai Hughes to which they
- 16:14were committed. This shows that the gospel, the
- 16:16doctrine itself, shapes the heart.
- 16:19Grace changes our desires so that we want to obey the truth
- 16:22we've received. The new covenant heart
- 16:24responsive to God's teaching. And the result is that life
- 16:27characterized by kinodas, that qualitative newness we talked
- 16:30about living out this new allegiance is walking in newness
- 16:33of life. So this process of
- 16:35sanctification, this life of being slaves to righteousness,
- 16:38it has goals both now and in the future.
- 16:41It does. Paul speaks of a present result
- 16:43and a final outcome, a Telus. The present result is that you
- 16:46have your fruit. Leading to sanctification is
- 16:49Hardyesmum. Fruit leading to sanctification.
- 16:51Or perhaps fruit, which is sanctification.
- 16:53Holiness itself is the fruit, the harvest that grows in the
- 16:56life of someone serving God. It's the evidence of the new
- 17:00life, the path we walk. And the ultimate outcome?
- 17:03The final telos. The final goal is eternal life.
- 17:07Zui Chinos, our present life of holiness is lived in light of
- 17:11and leads tour that final consummation.
- 17:14It connects our daily choices to our ultimate destiny.
- 17:17Which brings us right to the very end of the chapter Romans
- 17:196.23. This verse seems to sum
- 17:21everything up with a really stark contrast.
- 17:23It's the grand summary, drawing a sharp line between two
- 17:27opposing autonomies. Two ways of operating Paul uses
- 17:30financial or military terms. First sins economy.
- 17:34For the wages of sin is death. The word upsunia refers to the
- 17:37pay or rations earned by a soldier.
- 17:40It's what's due. It's contractual.
- 17:41So death isn't an arbitrary punishment, it's what sin earns,
- 17:45what it pays out. That's the idea.
- 17:47Sin is a master, and it pays its dues reliably.
- 17:50The payment is death, spiritual separation, corruption, final
- 17:52judgement. If you work for SIN, that's the
- 17:55paycheck you receive. No negotiation.
- 17:57A grim bottom line under the administration of law and sin.
- 18:01Very grim, but then comes the complete reversal.
- 18:04God's economy. But the free gift of God is
- 18:07eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord.
- 18:09Notice the contrast wages obscenia versus free gift.
- 18:14Charisma. Charisma means a gift given
- 18:16freely out of grace, completely unearned, undeserved.
- 18:20Not wages, not even a bonus for good behavior.
- 18:23Pure gift. Pure gift, eternal life isn't
- 18:26something we could ever earn by serving righteousness.
- 18:29It's bestowed freely by God. And notice the location in
- 18:32Christ Jesus our Lord. Our union with Him is the sole
- 18:35basis for receiving this gift. This verse just slams the door
- 18:38on any idea that we earn our salvation through
- 18:40sanctification, doesn't it? It secures grace alone.
- 18:42Soul aggression. It absolutely does.
- 18:44It shows that while holiness, the fruit, is the necessary
- 18:47consequence and evidence of being under grace, it's never
- 18:50the basis for receiving the gift of eternal life.
- 18:52The gift comes first secured in Christ, and the life of holiness
- 18:56flows from it. Our imperatives no reckon
- 18:59present are the life we live because we have already received
- 19:02the gift. What a powerful structure.
- 19:04Paul locks it all together, the indicative of what God did in
- 19:07Christ. Our death and resurrection with
- 19:09Him leads directly and necessarily to the imperative,
- 19:13the call to know that truth, reckoned it true moment by
- 19:16moment, and present ourselves entirely to God.
- 19:18We're not striving for a status, we're living from a status God
- 19:22has already given us in Christ. Holiness isn't the prerequisite
- 19:26for acceptance, it's the natural expression of it.
- 19:28And that promise holds. Sin will have no dominion over
- 19:32you. That's not just wishful
- 19:33thinking. No, it's a covenant promise
- 19:35grounded in the reality of being under grace, under Christ's
- 19:38effective rule. It's the bedrock assurance for
- 19:41the Christian life. So maybe the closing thought for
- 19:44you listening is this. How does recognizing sin as a
- 19:47deposed ruler change how you face temptation today?
- 19:50Instead of a battle of sheer willpower against an
- 19:52overwhelming foe, can you see it as a moment to apply the
- 19:55arithmetic of faith to actively reckon, to count as true God's
- 19:59verdict that you are dead to sins, claim and alive to Him in
- 20:02Christ, and refuse the summons of that defeated enemy?
- 20:05Where specifically do you need to do that math today?